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Trivedi S, Belgamwar V. Fabrication and optimization of chitosan-g-m-PEG-NH 2 copolymer for advanced glioblastoma therapy using surface engineered lentinan loaded nanovesicles for nasal delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133125. [PMID: 38897498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) exhibits a high mortality with an incidence rate of 3-5 per 100,000 each year, which demands existence of newer approach for its treatment. The current study focuses on synthesis of novel lipidic nanovesicles (LNs) loaded with highly potent macromolecule Lentinan (LNT) and surface modified with methoxy poly (ethylene glycol; PEG) amine (m-PEG-NH2)-grafted-chitosan (CS) for intranasal delivery. The grafting procedure was optimized using Box Behnken design (BBD) to limit the use of organic solvents. The fabricated polymer showed enhanced aqueous solubility, biodegradability and mucoadhesion, resulting in higher nasal mucosa permeation (z = 53.52 μm). The presence of PEG enabled the sustained release of LNT till 48 h and assisted in achieving higher accumulation of LNT in CSF (41.7 ± 3.1 μg/mL) and a higher brain targeting potential of 96.3 ± 2.31 % (p < 0.05). In-vitro cellular studies showed the enhanced anti-GBM effect of LNT on U87 MG cells by reducing the cell viability (~2 times reduction in IC50 value) accompanied with large number of cells undergoing late apoptosis and death (p < 0.05) because of the higher cellular uptake (63.22 ± 3.01 ng/100 cells) of novel formulation. The copolymer comprising LNs were biocompatible, stable and can be used as an effective tool in the management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Trivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440033, India.
| | - Veena Belgamwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440033, India.
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2
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Ibragimova M, Kussainova A, Aripova A, Bersimbaev R, Bulgakova O. The Molecular Mechanisms in Senescent Cells Induced by Natural Aging and Ionizing Radiation. Cells 2024; 13:550. [PMID: 38534394 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the relationship between cellular senescence and radiation exposure. Given the wide range of ionizing radiation sources encountered by people in professional and medical spheres, as well as the influence of natural background radiation, the question of the effect of radiation on biological processes, particularly on aging processes, remains highly relevant. The parallel relationship between natural and radiation-induced cellular senescence reveals the common aspects underlying these processes. Based on recent scientific data, the key points of the effects of ionizing radiation on cellular processes associated with aging, such as genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered expression of miRNAs, epigenetic profile, and manifestation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), are discussed. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of cellular senescence can make a valuable contribution to the understanding of the molecular genetic basis of age-associated diseases in the context of environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milana Ibragimova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Assiya Kussainova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Akmaral Aripova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Rakhmetkazhi Bersimbaev
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Olga Bulgakova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
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3
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Jiang M, Wu W, Xiong Z, Yu X, Ye Z, Wu Z. Targeting autophagy drug discovery: Targets, indications and development trends. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116117. [PMID: 38295689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a vital role in sustaining cellular homeostasis and its alterations have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases. Drugs development targeting autophagy began decades ago and hundreds of agents were developed, some of which are licensed for the clinical usage. However, no existing intervention specifically aimed at modulating autophagy is available. The obstacles that prevent drug developments come from the complexity of the actual impact of autophagy regulators in disease scenarios. With the development and application of new technologies, several promising categories of compounds for autophagy-based therapy have emerged in recent years. In this paper, the autophagy-targeted drugs based on their targets at various hierarchical sites of the autophagic signaling network, e.g., the upstream and downstream of the autophagosome and the autophagic components with enzyme activities are reviewed and analyzed respectively, with special attention paid to those at preclinical or clinical trials. The drugs tailored to specific autophagy alone and combination with drugs/adjuvant therapies widely used in clinical for various diseases treatments are also emphasized. The emerging drug design and development targeting selective autophagy receptors (SARs) and their related proteins, which would be expected to arrest or reverse the progression of disease in various cancers, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders, are critically reviewed. And the challenges and perspective in clinically developing autophagy-targeted drugs and possible combinations with other medicine are considered in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Wayne Wu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Zijie Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China.
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4
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Wang Q, Liu C. Mitophagy plays a "double-edged sword" role in the radiosensitivity of cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:14. [PMID: 38238458 PMCID: PMC10796536 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles with double-membrane structure of inner and outer membrane, which provides main energy support for cell growth and metabolism. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mainly comes from mitochondrial and can cause irreversible damage to cells under oxidative stress. Thus, mitochondrial homeostasis is the basis for maintaining the normal physiological function of cells and mitophagy plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. At present, to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy by regulating mitochondria has increasingly become a hot spot of cancer therapy. It is particularly important to study the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on mitochondria and the role of mitophagy in the radiosensitivity of cancer cells. Most of the existing reviews have focused on mitophagy-related molecules or pathways and the impact of mitophagy on diseases. In this review, we mainly focus on discussing the relationship between mitophagy and radiosensitivity of cancer cells around mitochondria and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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5
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Soundararajan L, Warrier S, Dharmarajan A, Bhaskaran N. Predominant factors influencing reactive oxygen species in cancer stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:3-21. [PMID: 37997702 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its related signaling pathways and regulating molecules play a major role in the growth and development of cancer stem cells. The concept of ROS and cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been gaining much attention since the past decade and the evidence show that these CSCs possess robust self-renewal and tumorigenic potential and are resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy and believed to be responsible for tumor progression, metastasis, and recurrence. It seems reasonable to say that cancer can be cured only if the CSCs are eradicated. ROS are Janus-faced molecules that can regulate cellular physiology as well as induce cytotoxicity, depending on the magnitude, duration, and site of generation. Unlike normal cancer cells, CSCs expel ROS efficiently by upregulating ROS scavengers. This unique redox regulation in CSCs protects them from ROS-mediated cell death and nullifies the effect of radiation, leading to chemoresistance and radioresistance. However, how these CSCs control ROS production by scavenging free radicals and how they maintain low levels of ROS is a challenging to understand and these attributes make CSCs as prime therapeutic targets. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of redox regulation in CSCs, with a focus on therapy resistance, its various pathways and microRNAs regulation, and the potential therapeutic implications of manipulating the ROS levels to eradicate CSCs. A better understanding of these molecules, their interactions in the CSCs may help us to adopt proper control and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loshini Soundararajan
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd., Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology laboratory, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Natarajan Bhaskaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India
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Zhang Y, Pang C, Zhang C, Wang Y, Wang P, Chen Y, Wang J, Hu Y, Liu C, Liang H, Xie G, Ou J. HILPDA-mediated lipidomic remodelling promotes radiotherapy resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by accelerating mitophagy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:242. [PMID: 37552373 PMCID: PMC11072511 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy resistance is a major obstacle to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) therapy and contributes to tumour recurrence and metastasis. Lipid metabolism is a key regulatory mechanism in cancer biology; however, its role in NPC radiotherapy resistance remains unclear. In this study, we identified hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet-associated protein (HILPDA) as a newly discovered regulator of radioresistance that induces not only lipid droplet (LD) formation but also intracellular lipid remodelling, notably changing mitochondrial cardiolipin (CL) levels. Additionally, we found that the upregulation of CL promotes mitophagy in response to irradiation exposure. Mechanistically, HILPDA inhibits PINK1-mediated CLS1 ubiquitination and degradation. The combination of a mitophagy inhibitor and irradiation significantly increases the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. Human cancer-derived data confirmed that the HILPDA-CLS1 pathway promotes NPC radioresistance. Collectively, these findings suggest that HILPDA plays a critical role in promoting NPC radioresistance and might be targeted to overcome radiotherapeutic resistance in NPC patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Radiation Treatment Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chen Pang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Radiation Treatment Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Radiation Treatment Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yanrong Chen
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chengxiang Liu
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Radiation Treatment Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Ganfeng Xie
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Radiation Treatment Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Juanjuan Ou
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Radiation Treatment Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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7
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Zheng Z, Su J, Bao X, Wang H, Bian C, Zhao Q, Jiang X. Mechanisms and applications of radiation-induced oxidative stress in regulating cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1247268. [PMID: 37600785 PMCID: PMC10436604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment option for cancer patients, which induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes oxidative stress (OS), leading to the death of tumor cells. OS not only causes apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis, but also affects tumor immune response. The combination of RT and immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of various cancers. In this process, OS caused by ROS plays a critical role. Specifically, RT-induced ROS can promote the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), regulate the infiltration and differentiation of immune cells, manipulate the expression of immune checkpoints, and change the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). In this review, we briefly summarize several ways in which IR induces tumor cell death and discuss the interrelationship between RT-induced OS and antitumor immunity, with a focus on the interaction of ferroptosis with immunogenic death. We also summarize the potential mechanisms by which ROS regulates immune checkpoint expression, immune cells activity, and differentiation. In addition, we conclude the therapeutic opportunity improving radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy by regulating OS, which may be beneficial for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueying Bao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenbin Bian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Si Z, Shen Z, Luan F, Yan J. PINK1 regulates apoptosis of osteosarcoma as the target gene of cisplatin. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:132. [PMID: 36823640 PMCID: PMC9948348 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a common primary bone malignancy prevalent among adolescents and young adults. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) regulates Parkinson's disease, but its role in cancers is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to analyze the mechanism by which PINK1 affects osteosarcoma using bioinformatics and cell experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The gene expression profiles were downloaded from the TARGET database. Several online databases were used to analyze the expression and protein‒protein interaction networks. CCK-8 cell viability assays and cisplatin treatment were used to assess cell activity with or without cisplatin treatment. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescence staining was used to calculate the percentage of apoptotic cells. RESULTS Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that high expression of PINK1 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma, and PINK1 inhibited apoptosis and promoted proliferation pathways. Next, we found that both PINK1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. Additionally, we found that PTEN was reduced, while FOXO3a was markedly increased in osteosarcoma, suggesting that FOXO3a and not PTEN induced the overexpression of PINK1. CCK-8 and clonogenic assays showed that the knockdown of PINK1 decreased the growth of U2OS osteosarcoma cells. Ki67 immunofluorescence staining revealed that reduced cell proliferation in U2OS cells resulted in the depletion of PINK1. In addition, our AO/EB staining results indicated that the knockdown of PINK1 resulted in an increase in apoptotic cells and increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, our experiments revealed that cisplatin promotes OS cell apoptosis by downregulating PINK1. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings demonstrate that PINK1 is crucially involved in osteosarcoma and suggests that it can promote the apoptosis of OS cells as the downstream target gene of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Si
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Shen
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedic Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Feiyu Luan
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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9
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Nan Z, Dou Y, Chen A, Wang K, Sun J, Meng Z, Neckenig M, Ai D, Liu S, Dong Z, Ma C, Cheng Y, Qu X. Identification and validation of a prognostic signature of autophagy, apoptosis and pyroptosis-related genes for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: to imply therapeutic choices of HPV negative patients. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1100417. [PMID: 36703967 PMCID: PMC9872116 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction An effective tool is needed to predict the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) positive HNSCC patients generally have a favorable survival and a promising responsiveness to radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy and checkpoint blockades. However, HPV negative patients, the majority of HNSCC patients, have been largely overlooked. Cell death has been involved in the therapeutic resistance of cancers. To this end, we aimed to identify the association of autophagy, apoptosis and pyroptosis-related genes with the prognosis of HNSCC, and construct a prognostic signature to predict the prognosis for HNSCC, especially for HPV negative HNSCC. Methods Autophagy and apoptosis-related genes were obtained from Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) website, and pyroptosis-related genes were obtained from GSEA and Gene Ontology (GO) database. We established the cell death index (CDI) based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and clinicopathological information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The prognostic value of CDI was verified by Kaplan-Meier, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses in TCGA dataset, and validated with the datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. We further assessed the immune microenvironment of patients with high and low CDI scores. Moreover, the expression of the signature genes in HNSCC cell lines were explored. Results We found that CDI was an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (hazard ratio 3.80, 95% confidential interval: 2.70-5.40, P < 0.001). Furthermore, HNSCC patients with high CDI scores obtained increased overall survival post radiation indicating benefits from radiotherapy of this subgroup. On the other hand, HPV negative HNSCC patients with low CDI exhibited increased checkpoint gene expressions, an inflamed tumor microenvironment and an enriched immune response-related functions, suggesting the potential benefits from checkpoint immunotherapies of this subgroup. Moreover, we validated the baseline and induced expressions of above 16 genes in two HPV negative HNSCC cell lines, CAL27 and SCC-15. Discussion We established a prognostic signature and emphasized its implements in the therapeutic choices of HPV negative HNSCC patients, the majority and the poor outcome population of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Nan
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Dou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Xun Qu, ; Yu Dou,
| | - Anwei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ketao Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jintang Sun
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Meng
- Precision Biomedical Laboratory, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Markus Neckenig
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Ai
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zuoqing Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xun Qu
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Xun Qu, ; Yu Dou,
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10
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Wang M, Luan S, Fan X, Wang J, Huang J, Gao X, Han D. The emerging multifaceted role of PINK1 in cancer biology. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:4037-4047. [PMID: 36071695 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For its various important functions in cells, phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) has drawn considerable attention for the role it plays in early-onset Parkinson's disease. In recent years, emerging evidence has supported the hypothesis that PINK1 plays a part in regulating many physiological and pathophysiological processes in cancer cells, including cytoplasmic homeostasis, cell survival, and cell death. According to the findings of these studies, PINK1 can function as a tumor promoter or suppressor, showing a duality that is dependent on the context. In this study we review the mechanistic characters relating to PINK1 based on available published data from peer-reviewed articles, The Cancer Genome Atlas data mining, and cell-based assays. This mini review focuses on some of the interplays between PINK1 and the context and recent developments in the field, including its growing involvement in mitophagy and its nonmitophagy organelles-related function. This review aims to help readers better grasp how PINK1 is functioning in cell physiological and pathophysiological processes, especially in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shijia Luan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Dihydroartemisinin Reduces Irradiation-Induced Mitophagy and Radioresistance in Lung Cancer A549 Cells via CIRBP Inhibition. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12081129. [PMID: 36013308 PMCID: PMC9410454 DOI: 10.3390/life12081129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a major therapeutic strategy for lung cancer, and radiation resistance (radioresistance) is an important cause of residual and recurring cancer after treatment. However, the mechanism of radioresistance remains unclear. Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), an important selective autophagy, plays an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis and affects the response to therapy. Recent studies have shown that dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, can increase the sensitivity to treatment in multiple types of cancer, including lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function and molecular mechanisms of DHA-regulating mitophagy and DHA-reducing radioresistance in lung cancer A549 cells. We first constructed the radioresistant lung cancer A549 cells model (A549R) through fractional radiation, then elucidated the function and mechanism of DHA-regulating mitophagy to reduce the radioresistance of lung cancer by genomic, proteomic, and bioinformatic methods. The results showed that fractional radiation can significantly induce radioresistance and mitophagy in A549 cells, DHA can reduce mitophagy and radioresistance, and the inhibition of mitophagy can reduce radioresistance. Protein chip assay and bioinformatics analysis showed the following: Cold-Inducible RNA Binding Protein (CIRBP) might be a potential target of DHA-regulating mitophagy; CIRBP is highly expressed in A549R cells; the knockdown of CIRBP increases the effect of DHA, reduces mitophagy and radioresistance, and inhibits the mitophagy-related PINK1/Parkin pathway. In conclusion, we believe that DHA reduces radiation-induced mitophagy and radioresistance of lung cancer A549 cells via CIRBP inhibition.
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Read GH, Bailleul J, Vlashi E, Kesarwala AH. Metabolic response to radiation therapy in cancer. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:200-224. [PMID: 34961986 PMCID: PMC10187995 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metabolism has emerged as a hallmark of cancer and is involved in carcinogenesis and tumor growth. Reprogramming of tumor metabolism is necessary for cancer cells to sustain high proliferation rates and enhanced demands for nutrients. Recent studies suggest that metabolic plasticity in cancer cells can decrease the efficacy of anticancer therapies by enhancing antioxidant defenses and DNA repair mechanisms. Studying radiation-induced metabolic changes will lead to a better understanding of radiation response mechanisms as well as the identification of new therapeutic targets, but there are few robust studies characterizing the metabolic changes induced by radiation therapy in cancer. In this review, we will highlight studies that provide information on the metabolic changes induced by radiation and oxidative stress in cancer cells and the associated underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham H. Read
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Justine Bailleul
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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