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Gad El-Hak HN, Mohallal EME, Abomosallam M. Reproductive and developmental safety evaluation of Thymelaea hirsuta (L.) leaves aqueous extract in Wistar albino rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 336:118729. [PMID: 39182699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The popularity of herbal medicine is expanding globally due to the common belief that herbal products are natural and nontoxic. Thymelaea hirsuta leaves are traditionally used for the treatment of recurrent abortion in humans and animals. However, a lack of safety evaluation of the plant, particularly in pregnant women, raises serious concerns regarding its potential embryotoxic effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Therefore, the present study investigated the safety of Thymelaea hirsuta leaves aqueous extract (THLE) during pregnancy and lactation following maternal rat treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS THLE phytochemical compounds were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). THLE was orally administered to pregnant rats and lactating dams at dosages of 0, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day. At the end of the study, dam s' and pups' body weights, serum biochemical and hematological indices, and histopathological changes were investigated. For the fetal observation and histopathological changes were also evaluated. RESULTS Our findings revealed that THLE is rich in different phenolic and flavonoid compounds. However, biochemical and hormonal parameters such as ALT, AST, and prolactin were significantly increased in dams treated with a higher dosage of THLE when compared to the control dams (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, external, visceral and skeletal examinations of fetuses revealed a marked increase of malformation rates in treated fetuses. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that higher oral dosing of THLE during pregnancy could affect embryonic development in rats, while lower doses are safe and can be used during pregnancy and lactation to attain its beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed Abomosallam
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Putra IMWA, Fakhrudin N, Nurrochmad A, Wahyuono S. A Review of Medicinal Plants with Renoprotective Activity in Diabetic Nephropathy Animal Models. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:560. [PMID: 36836916 PMCID: PMC9963806 DOI: 10.3390/life13020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), also recognized as diabetic kidney disease, is a kidney malfunction caused by diabetes mellitus. A possible contributing factor to the onset of DN is hyperglycemia. Poorly regulated hyperglycemia can damage blood vessel clusters in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage. Its treatment is difficult and expensive because its causes are extremely complex and poorly understood. Extracts from medicinal plants can be an alternative treatment for DN. The bioactive content in medicinal plants inhibits the progression of DN. This work explores the renoprotective activity and possible mechanisms of various medicinal plant extracts administered to diabetic animal models. Research articles published from 2011 to 2022 were gathered from several databases including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect to ensure up-to-date findings. Results showed that medicinal plant extracts ameliorated the progression of DN via the reduction in oxidative stress and suppression of inflammation, advanced glycation end-product formation, cell apoptosis, and tissue injury-related protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra
- Department of Biology, University of Dhyana Pura, Badung 80351, Indonesia
- Doctorate Program of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Arief Nurrochmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Subagus Wahyuono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Karayakali M, Altinoz E, Elbe H, Koca O, Onal MO, Bicer Y, Demir M. Crocin treatment exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in liver tissue damage of pinealectomized diabetic rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47670-47684. [PMID: 36746856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an increasing global prevalence that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The liver plays a vital role in glycemic regulation in physiological and pathological conditions such as DM. Free radical formation and inhibition of antioxidant defense systems play a role in the liver damage pathogenesis in diabetic patients The antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and radical scavenging properties of crocin are known. This study was designed to determine the possible protective effects of crocin against liver tissue damage in pinealectomized diabetic rats. Sixty rats were divided into six groups: Control, Sham+streptozotocin (STZ), Pinealectomy (PINX), PINX+STZ, PINX+Crocin, and PINX+STZ+Crocin. PNX procedure was carried out on the first day of the experiment. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 mg/kg STZ was performed on the 30th day of the experiment to induce DM. Crocin (50 mg/kg; i.p.) was applied for 15 days after the pinealectomy procedure and induction of DM. Crocin decreased the markers (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) of liver damage and increased antioxidant enzyme levels and tissue total antioxidant status. Histological results showed that the administration of crocin exhibited a protective effect against liver damage caused by STZ. These results indicate that crocin evidence protection against liver injury caused by STZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Karayakali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Eyup Altinoz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Hulya Elbe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Koca
- Department of Biochemistry, Karabuk University Education and Research Hospital, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Melike Ozgul Onal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Bicer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Demir
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey.
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Abid S, Maciuk A, Fishmeister R, Leblais V, Legssyer A, Mekhfi H, Ziyyat A, Aziz M, Lekchiri A, Bnouham M. Development of a Thin-Layer Chromatography-Enzymatic Test Combination Method for the Isolation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors From Thymelaea hirsuta. J Chromatogr Sci 2022; 61:66-73. [PMID: 35679592 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, easy and simple method for the isolation and purification of α-glucosidase inhibitors of the ethyl acetate extract of Thymelaea hirsuta (EaTh) by a combination of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and enzymatic test has been developed. EaTh was demonstrated previously a potent α-glucosidase inhibitory effect. In this study, we developed a simple TLC-enzymatic test (TLC/EZ) combination to isolate α-glucosidase inhibitors present in EaTh.EaTh was extracted by Soxhlet from Thymelaea hirsuta (T. hirsuta). The EaTh was separated on a silica gel column and then on a TLC plate. After TLC separation, the TLC/EZ combination method was applied. α-glucosidase inhibitors were detected directly in the TLC plate using the glucose oxidase peroxidase method (GOD-POD). A good detection of active compounds was obtained in the TLC favoring the TLC/EZ method. Active compounds were then characterized using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. The main α-glucosidase inhibitors present in EaTh have a molecular ion [M + H]+ at m/z = 543. This proposed method is suitable for a reliable isolation and purification of α-glucosidase inhibitors present in EaTh. It could be proposed as an interesting alternative of the classical method for the isolation and purification of α-glucosidase inhibitors in plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Abid
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
| | - Alexander Maciuk
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue Jean Baptiste Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rodolphe Fishmeister
- Laboratory of Signaling and Cardiac Physiopathology, INSERM U-769, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue Jean Baptiste Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Laboratory of Signaling and Cardiac Physiopathology, INSERM U-769, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue Jean Baptiste Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Abdekhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Aziz
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
| | - Abdenbi Lekchiri
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bio-resources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and health, Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Ist, Boulevard Mohamed IV, BP: 717, Oujda 60 000, Morocco
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