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Hsiao WWW, Angela S, Le TN, Ku CC, Hu PS, Chiang WH. Evolution of Detecting Early Onset of Alzheimer's Disease: From Neuroimaging to Optical Immunoassays. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221202. [PMID: 37125550 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a pathological disorder defined by the symptoms of memory loss and deterioration of cognitive abilities over time. Although the etiology is complex, it is mainly associated with the accumulation of toxic amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates and tau protein-induced neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Even now, creating non-invasive, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for AD remains challenging. Over the past few decades, polymers, and nanomaterials (e.g., nanodiamonds, nanogold, quantum dots) have become attractive and practical tools in nanomedicine for diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on current developments in sensing methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to boost the sensitivity in detecting related biomarkers for AD. In addition, optical analysis platforms such as ELISA and SERS have found increasing popularity among researchers due to their excellent sensitivity and specificity, which may go as low as the femtomolar range. While ELISA offers easy technological usage and high throughput, SERS has the advantages of improved mobility, simple electrical equipment integration, and lower cost. Both portable optical sensing techniques are highly superior in terms of sensitivity, specificity, human application, and practicality, enabling the early identification of AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Stefanny Angela
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Trong-Nghia Le
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Ku
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Sheng Hu
- College of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Jin Y, Ren Z, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Yao X, Wu T. Classification of Alzheimer's disease using robust TabNet neural networks on genetic data. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:8358-8374. [PMID: 37161202 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and its onset is significantly associated with genetic factors. Being the capabilities of high specificity and accuracy, genetic testing has been considered as an important technique for AD diagnosis. In this paper, we presented an improved deep learning (DL) algorithm, namely differential genes screening TabNet (DGS-TabNet) for AD binary and multi-class classifications. For performance evaluation, our proposed approach was compared with three novel DLs of multi-layer perceptron (MLP), neural oblivious decision ensembles (NODE), TabNet as well as five classical machine learnings (MLs) including decision tree (DT), random forests (RF), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) and support vector machine (SVM) on the public data set of gene expression omnibus (GEO). Moreover, the biological interpretability of global important genetic features implemented for AD classification was revealed by the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO). The results demonstrated that our proposed DGS-TabNet achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 93.80% for binary classification, and with an accuracy of 88.27% for multi-class classification. Meanwhile, the gene pathway analyses demonstrated that there existed two most important global genetic features of AVIL and NDUFS4 and those obtained 22 feature genes were partially correlated with AD pathogenesis. It was concluded that the proposed DGS-TabNet could be used to detect AD-susceptible genes and the biological interpretability of susceptible genes also revealed the potential possibility of being AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xufeng Yao
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
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Rana A, Dumka A, Singh R, Panda MK, Priyadarshi N. A Computerized Analysis with Machine Learning Techniques for the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: Past Studies and Future Perspectives. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2708. [PMID: 36359550 PMCID: PMC9689408 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the brain that causes motor symptoms including slower movement, rigidity, tremor, and imbalance in addition to other problems like Alzheimer's disease (AD), psychiatric problems, insomnia, anxiety, and sensory abnormalities. Techniques including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) have been established for the classification of PD and normal controls (NC) with similar therapeutic appearances in order to address these problems and improve the diagnostic procedure for PD. In this article, we examine a literature survey of research articles published up to September 2022 in order to present an in-depth analysis of the use of datasets, various modalities, experimental setups, and architectures that have been applied in the diagnosis of subjective disease. This analysis includes a total of 217 research publications with a list of the various datasets, methodologies, and features. These findings suggest that ML/DL methods and novel biomarkers hold promising results for application in medical decision-making, leading to a more methodical and thorough detection of PD. Finally, we highlight the challenges and provide appropriate recommendations on selecting approaches that might be used for subgrouping and connection analysis with structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), DaTSCAN, and single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) data for future Parkinson's research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Rana
- Computer Science & Engineering, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ankur Dumka
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Women Institute of Technology, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Manoj Kumar Panda
- Department of Electrical Engineering, G.B. Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pauri 246194, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neeraj Priyadarshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, JIS College of Engineering, Kolkata 741235, West Bengal, India
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Meta-analysis of the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Neural Comput Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-022-07198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bashir S, Uzair M, Abualait T, Arshad M, Khallaf RA, Niaz A, Thani Z, Yoo WK, Túnez I, Demirtas-Tatlidede A, Meo SA. Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on neurobiological changes in Alzheimer's disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:109. [PMID: 35119081 PMCID: PMC8845030 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and brain neuronal loss. A pioneering field of research in AD is brain stimulation via electromagnetic fields (EMFs), which may produce clinical benefits. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), have been developed to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders. The purpose of the present review is to identify neurobiological changes, including inflammatory, neurodegenerative, apoptotic, neuroprotective and genetic changes, which are associated with repetitive TMS (rTMS) treatment in patients with AD. Furthermore, it aims to evaluate the effect of TMS treatment in patients with AD and to identify the associated mechanisms. The present review highlights the changes in inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms, mitochondrial enzymatic activities, and modulation of gene expression (microRNA expression profiles) associated with rTMS or sham procedures. At the molecular level, it has been suggested that EMFs generated by TMS may affect the cell redox status and amyloidogenic processes. TMS may also modulate gene expression by acting on both transcriptional and post‑transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. TMS may increase brain cortical excitability, induce specific potentiation phenomena, and promote synaptic plasticity and recovery of impaired functions; thus, it may re‑establish cognitive performance in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Eastern Province 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Uzair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Turki Abualait
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Roaa A. Khallaf
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Eastern Province 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Niaz
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Eastern Province 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Thani
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Eastern Province 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Isaac Túnez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing/ Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Cordoba 14071, Spain
- Cooperative Research Thematic Excellent Network on Brain Stimulation (REDESTIM), Ministry for Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Hernández-Luna J, Mukherjee PS, Styner M, Chávez-Franco DA, Luévano-Castro SC, Crespo-Cortés CN, Stommel EW, Torres-Jardón R. Hemispheric Cortical, Cerebellar and Caudate Atrophy Associated to Cognitive Impairment in Metropolitan Mexico City Young Adults Exposed to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040156. [PMID: 35448417 PMCID: PMC9028857 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposures to fine particulate matter PM2.5 are associated with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's (AD, PD) and TDP-43 pathology in young Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) residents. High-resolution structural T1-weighted brain MRI and/or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) data were examined in 302 volunteers age 32.7 ± 6.0 years old. We used multivariate linear regressions to examine cortical surface area and thickness, subcortical and cerebellar volumes and MoCA in ≤30 vs. ≥31 years old. MMC residents were exposed to PM2.5 ~ 30.9 µg/m3. Robust hemispheric differences in frontal and temporal lobes, caudate and cerebellar gray and white matter and strong associations between MoCA total and index scores and caudate bilateral volumes, frontotemporal and cerebellar volumetric changes were documented. MoCA LIS scores are affected early and low pollution controls ≥ 31 years old have higher MoCA vs. MMC counterparts (p ≤ 0.0001). Residency in MMC is associated with cognitive impairment and overlapping targeted patterns of brain atrophy described for AD, PD and Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD). MMC children and young adult longitudinal studies are urgently needed to define brain development impact, cognitive impairment and brain atrophy related to air pollution. Identification of early AD, PD and FTD biomarkers and reductions on PM2.5 emissions, including poorly regulated heavy-duty diesel vehicles, should be prioritized to protect 21.8 million highly exposed MMC urbanites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas
- College of Health, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (D.A.C.-F.); (S.C.L.-C.); (C.N.C.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-406-243-4785
| | | | - Partha S. Mukherjee
- Interdisciplinary Statistical Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India;
| | - Martin Styner
- Neuro Image Research and Analysis Lab, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Diana A. Chávez-Franco
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (D.A.C.-F.); (S.C.L.-C.); (C.N.C.-C.)
| | - Samuel C. Luévano-Castro
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (D.A.C.-F.); (S.C.L.-C.); (C.N.C.-C.)
| | - Celia Nohemí Crespo-Cortés
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (D.A.C.-F.); (S.C.L.-C.); (C.N.C.-C.)
| | - Elijah W. Stommel
- Department of Neurology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
| | - Ricardo Torres-Jardón
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
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Ouchani M, Gharibzadeh S, Jamshidi M, Amini M. A Review of Methods of Diagnosis and Complexity Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease Using EEG Signals. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5425569. [PMID: 34746303 PMCID: PMC8566072 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5425569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study will concentrate on recent research on EEG signals for Alzheimer's diagnosis, identifying and comparing key steps of EEG-based Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection, such as EEG signal acquisition, preprocessing function extraction, and classification methods. Furthermore, highlighting general approaches, variations, and agreement in the use of EEG identified shortcomings and guidelines for multiple experimental stages ranging from demographic characteristics to outcomes monitoring for future research. Two main targets have been defined based on the article's purpose: (1) discriminative (or detection), i.e., look for differences in EEG-based features across groups, such as MCI, moderate Alzheimer's disease, extreme Alzheimer's disease, other forms of dementia, and stable normal elderly controls; and (2) progression determination, i.e., look for correlations between EEG-based features and clinical markers linked to MCI-to-AD conversion and Alzheimer's disease intensity progression. Limitations mentioned in the reviewed papers were also gathered and explored in this study, with the goal of gaining a better understanding of the problems that need to be addressed in order to advance the use of EEG in Alzheimer's disease science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshad Ouchani
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Gharibzadeh
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Jamshidi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Amini
- Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
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