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Khan FA, Nsengimana B, Awan UA, Ji XY, Ji S, Dong J. Regulatory roles of N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) methylation in RNA processing and non-communicable diseases. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00789-1. [PMID: 38839892 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00789-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional RNA modification is an emerging epigenetic control mechanism in cells that is important in many different cellular and organismal processes. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent, prolific, and ubiquitous internal transcriptional alterations in eukaryotic mRNAs, making it an important topic in the field of Epigenetics. m6A methylation acts as a dynamical regulatory process that regulates the activity of genes and participates in multiple physiological processes, by supporting multiple aspects of essential mRNA metabolic processes, including pre-mRNA splicing, nuclear export, translation, miRNA synthesis, and stability. Extensive research has linked aberrations in m6A modification and m6A-associated proteins to a wide range of human diseases. However, the impact of m6A on mRNA metabolism and its pathological connection between m6A and other non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, liver diseases, and cancer remains in fragmentation. Here, we review the existing understanding of the overall role of mechanisms by which m6A exerts its activities and address new discoveries that highlight m6A's diverse involvement in gene expression regulation. We discuss m6A deposition on mRNA and its consequences on degradation, translation, and transcription, as well as m6A methylation of non-coding chromosomal-associated RNA species. This study could give new information about the molecular process, early detection, tailored treatment, and predictive evaluation of human non-communicable diseases like cancer. We also explore more about new data that suggests targeting m6A regulators in diseases may have therapeutic advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Ali Khan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH&RC), Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Bernard Nsengimana
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Usman Ayub Awan
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhou J, Han Y, Hou R. Potential role of N6-methyladenosine modification in the development of Parkinson's disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1321995. [PMID: 38155838 PMCID: PMC10753761 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1321995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) represents the most abundant modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) and is regulated by methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6A-binding proteins (readers). A dynamic modification process is implicated in nearly every critical stage of RNA metabolism, including mRNA stability, transcription, translation, splicing, nuclear export, and decay. Notably, m6A methylation is significantly enriched in the brain and has recently been shown to be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this review, we summarize the proteins involved in the process of m6A modification and elucidate the emerging role of m6A modification in PD, which could illuminate alternative strategies for the prevention and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruizhe Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Lu L, Li Y, Ao X, Huang J, Liu B, Wu L, Li D. The risk of COVID-19 can be predicted by a nomogram based on m6A-related genes. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 106:105389. [PMID: 36460278 PMCID: PMC9707050 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of m6A-related genes and their significance in COVID-19 patients are still unknown. METHODS The GSE177477 and GSE157103 datasets of the Gene Expression Omnibus were used to extract RNA-seq data. The expression of 26 m6A-related genes and immune cell infiltration in COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Finally, we built and validated a nomogram model to predict the risk of COVID-19 infection. RESULTS There were significant differences in 11 m6A regulatory factors between patients with COVID-19 and healthy individuals. The classification of disease subtypes based on m6A-related gene levels can be distinguished. COVID-19 patients in GSE177477 were classified into two categories based on m6A-related genes. The patients in cluster A were all symptomatic, while those in cluster B were asymptomatic. A significant correlation was also found between immune cells and m6A-related genes. Finally, seven m6A-related disease-characteristic genes, HNRNPA2B1, ELAVL1, RBM15, RBM15B, YTHDC1, HNRNPC, and WTAP, were screened to construct a nomogram model for predicting risk. The calibration curve, decision curve analysis, and clinical impact curve analysis were used to show that the nomogram model was effective and had a high net efficacy for risk prediction. CONCLUSIONS m6A-related genes were correlated with immune cells. The nomogram model effectively predicted COVID-19 risk. Moreover, m6A-related genes may be associated with the presence or absence of symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Lu
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th hospital. No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Yijing Li
- Fuzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiulan Ao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Jiaofeng Huang
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th hospital. No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th hospital. No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Liqing Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th hospital. No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Corresponding author at: Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force. No.156 Xierhuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
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Jiang L, Li X, Wang S, Yuan Z, Cheng J. The role and regulatory mechanism of m6A methylation in the nervous system. Front Genet 2022; 13:962774. [PMID: 36118889 PMCID: PMC9474891 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.962774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification regulates RNA translation, splicing, transport, localization, and stability at the post-transcriptional level. The m6A modification has been reported to have a wide range of effects on the nervous system, including neurogenesis, cerebellar development, learning, cognition, and memory, as well as the occurrence and development of neurological disorders. In this review, we aim to summarize the findings on the role and regulatory mechanism of m6A modification in the nervous system, to reveal the molecular mechanisms of neurodevelopmental processes, and to promote targeted therapy for nervous system-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Jiang
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbo Cheng, ; Zengqiang Yuan, ,
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbo Cheng, ; Zengqiang Yuan, ,
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You S, Su X, Ying J, Li S, Qu Y, Mu D. Research Progress on the Role of RNA m6A Modification in Glial Cells in the Regulation of Neurological Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081158. [PMID: 36009052 PMCID: PMC9405963 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cells are the most abundant and widely distributed cells that maintain cerebral homeostasis in the central nervous system. They mainly include microglia, astrocytes, and the oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Moreover, glial cells may induce pathological changes, such as inflammatory responses, demyelination, and disruption of the blood–brain barrier, to regulate the occurrence and development of neurological diseases through various molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, RNA m6A modifications are involved in various pathological processes associated with glial cells. In this review, the roles of glial cells in physiological and pathological states, as well as advances in understanding the mechanisms by which glial cells regulate neurological diseases under RNA m6A modification, are summarized, hoping to provide new perspectives on the deeper mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi You
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojuan Su
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiping Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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The Potential Role of m6A in the Regulation of TBI-Induced BGA Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081521. [PMID: 36009239 PMCID: PMC9405408 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain–gut axis (BGA) is an important bidirectional communication pathway for the development, progress and interaction of many diseases between the brain and gut, but the mechanisms remain unclear, especially the post-transcriptional regulation of BGA after traumatic brain injury (TBI). RNA methylation is one of the most important modifications in post-transcriptional regulation. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), as the most abundant post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotes, has recently been identified and characterized in both the brain and gut. The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiological changes in BGA after TBI, and then investigate the post-transcriptional bidirectional regulation mechanisms of TBI-induced BGA dysfunction. Here, we mainly focus on the characteristics of m6A RNA methylation in the post-TBI BGA, highlight the possible regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification in TBI-induced BGA dysfunction, and finally discuss the outcome of considering m6A as a therapeutic target to improve the recovery of the brain and gut dysfunction caused by TBI.
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Sun J, Cheng B, Su Y, Li M, Ma S, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Cai S, Bao Q, Wang S, Zhu P. The Potential Role of m6A RNA Methylation in the Aging Process and Aging-Associated Diseases. Front Genet 2022; 13:869950. [PMID: 35518355 PMCID: PMC9065606 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.869950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common and conserved internal eukaryotic mRNA modification. m6A modification is a dynamic and reversible post-transcriptional regulatory modification, initiated by methylase and removed by RNA demethylase. m6A-binding proteins recognise the m6A modification to regulate gene expression. Recent studies have shown that altered m6A levels and abnormal regulator expression are crucial in the ageing process and the occurrence of age-related diseases. In this review, we summarise some key findings in the field of m6A modification in the ageing process and age-related diseases, including cell senescence, autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, tumours, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We focused on the biological function and potential molecular mechanisms of m6A RNA methylation in ageing and age-related disease progression. We believe that m6A modification may provide a new target for anti-ageing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Bokai Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Su
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shouyuan Ma
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Outpatient, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anhang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Qiligeer Bao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Wang X, Yang C, Hua W, Wang H. m6A Regulator-Mediated RNA Methylation Modification Patterns are Involved in the Pathogenesis and Immune Microenvironment of Depression. Front Genet 2022; 13:865695. [PMID: 35480327 PMCID: PMC9035487 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.865695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a genetical disease characterized by neuroinflammatory symptoms and is difficult to diagnose and treat effectively. Recently, modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) at the gene level was shown to be closely related to immune regulation. This study was conducted to explore the effect of m6A modifications on the occurrence of depression and composition of the immune microenvironment. We downloaded gene expression profile data of healthy and depressed rats from the Gene Expression Omnibus. We described the overall expression of m6A regulators in animal models of depression and constructed risk and clinical prediction models using training and validation sets. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using gene ontology functions, gene set enrichment analysis, gene set variation analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and protein-protein interaction networks. We used CIBERSORT to identify immune-infiltrating cells in depression and perform correlation analysis. We then constructed two molecular subtypes of depression and assessed the correlation between the key genes and molecular subtypes. Through differential gene analysis of m6A regulators in depressed rats, we identified seven m6A regulators that were significantly upregulated in depressed rats and successfully constructed a clinical prediction model. Gene Ontology functional annotation showed that the m6A regulators enriched differentially expressed genes in biological processes, such as the regulation of mRNA metabolic processes. Further, 12 hub genes were selected from the protein-protein interaction network. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that levels of inflammatory cells, such as CD4 T cells, were significantly increased in depressed rats and were significantly correlated with the depression hub genes. Depression was divided into two subtypes, and the correlation between hub genes and these two subtypes was clarified. We described the effect of m6A modification on the pathogenesis of depression, focusing on the role of inflammatory infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affinity the Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenyi Yang
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affinity the Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Hua
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affinity the Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affinity the Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyun Wang,
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