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Zhuang J, Zhang S, Chen H, Qiu C, Feng T, Zhou W, Han X, Song Z. Evidence of microbiota-host dysbiosis between periodontitis and cerebral small vessel disease. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38923260 DOI: 10.1111/odi.15041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlation between periodontitis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) from the clinical and microbiological aspects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Periodontitis patients (CP group, n = 31) and CSVD patients (CSVD group, n = 30) were examined for neurological and periodontal condition. Subgingival plaque was collected and performed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Logistic regression and LASSO regression were used to analyze the periodontal parameters and subgingival microbiota related to CSVD, respectively. Inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were also detected and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Clinical attachment level (CAL), teeth number and plaque index demonstrated a significant difference between CP and CSVD group, meanwhile, CAL was independently associated with CSVD. Besides, the microbial richness and composition were distinct between two groups. Five genera related to periodontal pathogens (Treponema, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas) were screened out by LASSO regression, suggesting a potential association with CSVD. Finally, the levels of inflammatory factors in GCF were statistically higher in CSVD group than those in CP group. CONCLUSIONS Cerebral small vessel disease patients demonstrated worse periodontal condition, meanwhile the interaction between microbiota dysbiosis and host factors (inflammation) leading to a better understanding of the association between periodontitis and CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Zhuang
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shufan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Che Qiu
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tienan Feng
- Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Han
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongchen Song
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Xu H, Qian Y, Jia S, Shi Z, Zhong Q. Comparative analysis of subgingival microbiota in patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2865-2877. [PMID: 36076344 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the suspected pathogens of chronic periodontitis at different stages of occurrence and development. We collected 100 gingival crevicular fluid samples, 27, 27, and 26 from patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis, respectively, and 20 from healthy individuals. Pathogens were detected using a 16S rRNA metagenomic approach. Quantitative Insights in Microbial Ecology, Mothur, and other software were used to analyze the original data, draw relative abundance histograms and heat maps, and calculate flora abundance and diversity indexes. We identified 429 operational taxonomic units, covering 13 phyla, 20 classes, 32 orders, 66 families, and 123 genera from the four groups of samples. Each group showed microbial diversity, and the number of new species of bacterial flora in the gingival crevicular fluid samples gradually increased from the healthy to the severe chronic periodontitis group. There was a significant difference in the relative abundance of the core flora at the phylum, class, order, family, and genus classification levels. Our data indicated a certain correlation between the changes in the subgingival microbial structure and the occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis, which might be able to provide a reference for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Qian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Jia
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaocheng Shi
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ide M, Karimova M, Setterfield J. Oral Health, Antimicrobials and Care for Patients With Chronic Oral Diseases – A Review of Knowledge and Treatment Strategies. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:866695. [PMID: 35747534 PMCID: PMC9210540 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.866695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal and chronic oral mucosal diseases are significant life impacting conditions which may co-exist and synergistically act to cause more severe and widespread oral pathology with enhanced challenges in effective management. Clinicians regularly observe these effects and struggle to effectively manage both problems in many patients. There is limited understanding of many basic and applied scientific elements underpinning potentially shared aetiopathological features and management. Recent developments in translational science provide an opportunity to greater improve knowledge and subsequently care for patients with these problems.
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Jung W, Jang S. Oral Microbiome Research on Oral Lichen Planus: Current Findings and Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050723. [PMID: 35625451 PMCID: PMC9138428 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Oral lichen planus is a disease of the oral mucosa, which frequently affects women aged 40 years or older. Though the T cell-mediated immune response is involved in the development of oral lichen planus, attempts to identify a microorganism that causes the disease have been unsuccessful. Recent studies on the development of oral lichen planus are focusing on the role of the oral microbiome, which includes oral microbiota and their products, and the host environment. The role of the human microbiome in various diseases has been identified and regulating the microbiome is becoming important in personalized medicine. In this review, we summarized current findings on the role of the oral microbiome in the development of oral lichen planus. The homeostasis of the oral microbiome is disrupted in patients, and functional analysis of oral microbiota and oral mucosa implies that pathways involved in defense against bacterial infection and in the inflammatory response are activated in the oral lichen planus-associated oral microbiome. Though the lack of studies to date makes it difficult to conclude, further studies on the oral microbiome associated with the disease will enable a holistic understanding of the role of the oral microbiome in the development of oral lichen planus and developing a personalized therapy for the disease. Abstract Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with an unknown etiology. The role of oral microbes in the development of OLP has gained researchers’ interest. In this review, we summarized the findings of studies focused on the relationship between OLP and oral microbiome, which includes the composition of oral microbiota, molecules produced by oral microbiota or the host, and the oral environment of the host. According to the studies, the oral microbial community in OLP patients undergoes dysbiosis, and the microbial dysbiosis in OLP patients is more prominent in the buccal mucosa than in the saliva. However, no same microorganisms have been suggested to be associated with OLP in multiple investigations, implying that the functional aspects of the oral microbiota are more important in OLP development than the composition of the oral microbiota. According to studies on host factors that make up the oral environment, signal pathways involved in cellular processes, such as keratinization, inflammation, and T cell responses are triggered in OLP. Studies on the functional aspects of the oral microbiota, as well as interactions between the host and the oral microbiota, are still lacking, and more research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea;
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-4027
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