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Zhao Y, Xu S, Hao W, Fu Y. Morin reverses P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug-resistance in KBChR-8-5 cancer cell lines. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4083. [PMID: 38938150 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) during clinical chemotherapy for cancer has been considered a major obstacle to treatment efficacy. The involvement of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in the MDR mechanism significantly reduces the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. This study investigates the potential of morin, a dietary bioflavonoid, to overcome colchicine resistance in KBChR-8-5 MDR cells. The P-gp inhibitory activity by morin was measured by calcein-AM drug efflux assay. Western blot analysis was employed to evaluate P-gp messenger RNA and protein expressions following morin treatment. Flow cytometry analysis and acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescence staining were utilised to investigate the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest upon treatment with morin and paclitaxel in combination. Additionally, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array analysis was conducted to study the gene expression profiles related to MDR, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest during treatment with morin, paclitaxel or their combination. Morin exhibited a strong binding interaction with human P-gp. This was corroborated by drug efflux assays, which showed a reduction in P-gp efflux function with increasing morin concentration. Furthermore, morin and paclitaxel combination potentiated the induction of apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Morin treatment significantly downregulated the gene expression of ABCB1 and P-gp membrane expressions in MDR cells. Additionally, PCR array gene expression analysis revealed that the combination treatment with morin and paclitaxel upregulated proapoptotic and cell cycle arrest genes while downregulating ABCB1 gene and antiapoptotic genes. Thus, morin effectively reversed paclitaxel resistance in KBChR-8-5 drug-resistant cancer cells and concluded that morin resensitized the paclitaxel resistance in KBChR8-5 drug-resistant cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Paclitaxel/pharmacology
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/antagonists & inhibitors
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Flavones
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
| | - Sanhui Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
| | - Weiting Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yongqing Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
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2
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Issa H, Loubaki L, Al Amri A, Zibara K, Almutairi MH, Rouabhia M, Semlali A. Eugenol as a potential adjuvant therapy for gingival squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10958. [PMID: 38740853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoption of plant-derived compounds for the management of oral cancer is encouraged by the scientific community due to emerging chemoresistance and conventional treatments adverse effects. Considering that very few studies investigated eugenol clinical relevance for gingival carcinoma, we ought to explore its selectivity and performance according to aggressiveness level. For this purpose, non-oncogenic human oral epithelial cells (GMSM-K) were used together with the Tongue (SCC-9) and Gingival (Ca9-22) squamous cell carcinoma lines to assess key tumorigenesis processes. Overall, eugenol inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation while inducing cytotoxicity in cancer cells as compared to normal counterparts. The recorded effect was greater in gingival carcinoma and appears to be mediated through apoptosis induction and promotion of p21/p27/cyclin D1 modulation and subsequent Ca9-22 cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, in a p53-independent manner. At these levels, distinct genetic profiles were uncovered for both cell lines by QPCR array. Moreover, it seems that our active component limited Ca9-22 and SCC-9 cell migration respectively through MMP1/3 downregulation and stimulation of inactive MMPs complex formation. Finally, Ca9-22 behaviour appears to be mainly modulated by the P38/STAT5/NFkB pathways. In summary, we can disclose that eugenol is cancer selective and that its mediated anti-cancer mechanisms vary according to the cell line with gingival squamous cell carcinoma being more sensitive to this phytotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawraa Issa
- GREB Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Lionel Loubaki
- Héma-Québec, Medical Affairs and Innovation, Québec, Canada
| | - Abdullah Al Amri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazem Zibara
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mikhlid H Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Rouabhia
- GREB Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Abdelhabib Semlali
- GREB Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
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3
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Letsoalo K, Nortje E, Patrick S, Nyakudya T, Hlophe Y. Decoding the synergistic potential of MAZ-51 and zingerone as therapy for melanoma treatment in alignment with sustainable development goals. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3950. [PMID: 38348768 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, an invasive class of skin cancer, originates from mutations in melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells. Globally, approximately 132,000 new cases are reported each year, and in South Africa, the incidence stands at 2.7 per 100,000 people, signifying a worrisome surge in melanoma rates. Therefore, there is a need to explore treatment modalities that will target melanoma's signalling pathways. Melanoma metastasis is aided by ligand activity of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) which bind to their receptors and promote tumour cell survival, lymphangiogenesis and chemotaxis. (3-(4-dimethylaminonaphthelen-1-ylmethylene)-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one) MAZ-51 is an indolinone-based molecule that inhibits VEGF-C induced phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3). Despite the successful use of conventional cancer therapies, patients endure adverse side effects and cancer drug resistance. Moreover, conventional therapies are toxic to the environment and caregivers. The use of medicinal plants and their phytochemical constituents in cancer treatment strategies has become more widespread because of the rise in drug resistance and the development of unfavourable side effects. Zingerone, a phytochemical derived from ginger exhibits various pharmacological properties positioning it as a promising candidate for cancer treatment. This review provides an overview of melanoma biology and the intracellular signalling pathways promoting cell survival, proliferation and adhesion. There is a need to align health and environmental objectives within sustainable development goals 3 (good health and well-being), 13 (climate action) and 15 (life on land) to promote early detection of skin cancer, enhance sun-safe practices, mitigation of environmental factors and advancing the preservation of biodiversity, including medicinal plants. Thus, this review discusses the impact of cytostatic cancer drugs on patients and the environment and examines the potential use of phytochemicals as adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kganya Letsoalo
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Evangeline Nortje
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sean Patrick
- Environmental Chemical Pollution and Health Research Unit, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Trevor Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yvette Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Ayaz M, Mosa OF, Nawaz A, Hamdoon AAE, Elkhalifa MEM, Sadiq A, Ullah F, Ahmed A, Kabra A, Khan H, Murthy HCA. Neuroprotective potentials of Lead phytochemicals against Alzheimer's disease with focus on oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathways: Pharmacokinetic challenges, target specificity, clinical trials and future perspectives. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155272. [PMID: 38181530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's diseases (AD) and dementia are among the highly prevalent neurological disorders characterized by deposition of beta amyloid (Aβ) plaques, dense deposits of highly phosphorylated tau proteins, insufficiency of acetylcholine (ACh) and imbalance in glutamatergic system. Patients typically experience cognitive, behavioral alterations and are unable to perform their routine activities. Evidence also suggests that inflammatory processes including excessive microglia activation, high expression of inflammatory cytokines and release of free radicals. Thus, targeting inflammatory pathways beside other targets might be the key factors to control- disease symptoms and progression. PURPOSE This review is aimed to highlight the mechanisms and pathways involved in the neuroprotective potentials of lead phytochemicals. Further to provide updates regarding challenges associated with their use and their progress into clinical trials as potential lead compounds. METHODS Most recent scientific literature on pre-clinical and clinical data published in quality journals especially on the lead phytochemicals including curcumin, catechins, quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and apigenin was collected using SciFinder, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, JSTOR, EBSCO, Scopus and other related web sources. RESULTS Literature review indicated that the drug discovery against AD is insufficient and only few drugs are clinically approved which have limited efficacy. Among the therapeutic options, natural products have got tremendous attraction owing to their molecular diversity, their safety and efficacy. Research suggest that natural products can delay the disease onset, reduce its progression and regenerate the damage via their anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. These agents regulate the pathways involved in the release of neurotrophins which are implicated in neuronal survival and function. Highly potential lead phytochemicals including curcumin, catechins, quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and apigenin regulate neuroprotective signaling pathways implicated in neurotrophins-mediated activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) and p75 neurotrophins receptor (p75NTR) family receptors. CONCLUSIONS Phytochemicals especially phenolic compounds were identified as highly potential molecules which ameliorate oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration, reduce Aβ load and inhibit vital enzymes. Yet their clinical efficacy and bioavailability are the major challenges which need further interventions for more effective therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Osama F Mosa
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA
| | - Asif Nawaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Alashary Adam Eisa Hamdoon
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Modawy Elnour Modawy Elkhalifa
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Alshebli Ahmed
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - H C Ananda Murthy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P O Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia; Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and technical science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai-600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Rehman YU, Iqbal A, Ali G, Alotaibi G, Ahmed A, Ayaz M. Phytochemical analysis, radical scavenging and glioblastoma U87 cells toxicity studies of stem bark of buckthorn (Rhamnus pentapomica R. Parker). BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:12. [PMID: 38167318 PMCID: PMC10759440 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the past two decades, the correlation between oxidative stress and a variety of serious illnesses such as atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Alzheimer disease (AD) and cancer has been established. Medicinal plants and their derived phytochemicals have proven efficacy against free radicals and their associated diseases. The current work was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical constituents of Rhamnus pentapomica R. Parker via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and its antioxidant and anti-glioblastoma potentials. METHODS The bioactive compounds were analysed in Rhamnus pentapomica R. Parker stem bark extracts by GC-MS analysis, and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-glioblastoma effects following standard procedures. The stem bark was extracted with 80% methanol for 14 days to get crude methanolic extract (Rp.Cme) followed by polarity directed fractionation using solvents including ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol to get ethyl acetate fraction (Rp.EtAc), chloroform fraction (Rp.Chf) and butanol fraction (Rp.Bt) respectively. Antioxidant assay was performed using DPPH free radicals and cell viability assay against U87 glioblastoma cancer cell lines was performed via MTT assay. RESULTS In GC-MS analysis, thirty-one compounds were detected in Rp.Cme, 22 in Rp.Chf, 24 in Rp.EtAc and 18 compounds were detected in Rp.Bt. Among the identified compounds in Rp.Cme, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-methyl ester (7.73%), Octasiloxane (5.13%) and Heptasiloxane (5.13%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (3.76%) and Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl Ester (3.76%) were highly abundant.. In Rp.Chf, Benzene, 1,3-dimethyl- (3.24%) and in Rp.EtAc Benzene, 1,3-dimethyl-(11.29%) were highly abundant compounds. Antioxidant studies revealed that Rp.Cme and Rp.EtAc exhibit considerable antioxidant potentials with IC50 values of 153.53 μg/ml and 169.62 μg/ml respectively. Both fractions were also highly effective against glioblastoma cells with IC50 of 147.64 μg/ml and 76.41ug/ml respectively. CONCLUSION Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of important metabolites which might be active against free radicals and glioblastoma cells. Various samples of the plant exhibited considerable antioxidant and anti-glioblastoma potentials warranting further detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen Ur Rehman
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Gowhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alshebli Ahmed
- Public Health Department Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, UofK, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), KP, 18000, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan.
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6
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Rizwan D, Masoodi FA. Brassica-derived isothiocyanates as anticancer therapeutic agents and their nanodelivery. Phytother Res 2024; 38:331-348. [PMID: 37882581 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The isothiocyanates (ITCs) derived from the precursor glucosinolate molecules present in Brassica vegetables are bioactive organo-sulfur compounds with numerous pharmacologically important properties such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer. Over the years, ITCs have been the focus of several research investigations associated with cancer treatment. Due to their potent chemo-preventive action, ITCs have been considered to be promising therapeutics for cancer therapy in place of the already existing conventional anticancer drugs. However, their wide spread use at the clinical stage is greatly restricted due to several factors such as low solubility in an aqueous medium, low bioavailability, low stability, and hormetic effect. To overcome these hindrances, nanotechnology can be exploited to develop nano-scale delivery systems that have the potential to enhance stability, and bioavailability and minimize the hermetic effect of ITCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Rizwan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Farooq Ahmad Masoodi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Zhou H, Zhang M, Cao H, Du X, Zhang X, Wang J, Bi X. Research Progress on the Synergistic Anti-Tumor Effect of Natural Anti-Tumor Components of Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined with Chemotherapy Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1734. [PMID: 38139860 PMCID: PMC10748242 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of chemotherapy drugs in tumor treatment has a long history, but the lack of selectivity of drugs often leads to serious side effects during chemotherapy. The natural anti-tumor ingredients derived from Chinese herbal medicine are attracting increased attention due to their diverse anti-tumor effects, abundant resources, and minimal side effects. An effective anti-tumor strategy may lie in the combination of these naturally derived anti-tumor ingredients with conventional chemotherapy drugs. This approach could potentially inhibit tumor growth and the development of drug resistance in tumor cells while reducing the adverse effects of chemotherapy drugs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the combined therapy strategies integrating natural anti-tumor components from Chinese herbal medicine with chemotherapy drugs in current research. We primarily summarize various compounds in Chinese herbal medicine exhibiting natural anti-tumor activities and the relevant mechanisms in synergistic anti-tumor combination therapy. The focus of this paper is on underlining that this integrative approach, combining natural anti-tumor components of Chinese herbal medicine with chemotherapy drugs, presents a novel cancer treatment methodology, thereby providing new insights for future oncological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Zhou
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Huihui Cao
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xintong Du
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xiuli Bi
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
- Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases Molecular Mechanism Research and Nutritional Intervention of Shenyang, Shenyang 110036, China
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8
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Ullah I, Ayaz M. A re-consideration of neural/receptor mechanisms in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: current scenario and future perspective. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1126-1137. [PMID: 37584820 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00514-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms and the receptors behind the course of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are well described and considered mechanistically multifactorial, whereas the neurobiology of nausea is not completely understood yet. Some of the anti-neoplastic medications like cisplatin result in biphasic vomiting response. The acute phase of vomiting is triggered mainly via the release of serotonin from the enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and results in stimulation of dorsal vagal complex (DVC) of the vomiting center and the vomiting is initiated by downward communication to the gut via vagal efferents. Agonism of 5HT3 receptors is majorly involved in the mediation of the acute phase. Therefore, antagonists at 5HT3 receptors are effective in the management of acute-phase vomiting episodes. Likewise, Dopamine type 2 (D2) receptors, dopamine neurotransmitter, Muscarinic receptors (M3), GLP1 receptors, and histaminergic receptors (H1) are also implicated in the vomiting act as well. In continuation, Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors are also recommended and included in the guidelines as agonism of presynaptically located CB1 receptors inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitters responsible for vomiting initiation. The delayed phase involves the release of "Substance P" in the gut and results in the stimulation of neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptors centrally in the area postrema (AP) and nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), subsequently the vomiting response. The current understanding is the existence of overlapping mechanisms of neurotransmitters, serotonin, dopamine, and substance P throughout the time course of CINV. Furthermore, the emetic neurotransmitters are released via calcium ion (Ca++)-dependent mechanisms, implicating the molecular targets of intracellular Ca++ signaling in emetic circuitry. The current review entails the neurobiology of nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapeutic agents and the recent approaches in the management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Dir (L), Chakdara, 18000, KP, Pakistan.
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Aborehab NM, Abd-Elmawla MA, ElSayed AM, Sabry O, Ezzat SM. Acovenoside A as a novel therapeutic approach to boost taxol and carboplatin apoptotic and antiproliferative activities in NSCLC: Interplay of miR-630/miR-181a and apoptosis genes. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106743. [PMID: 37490810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explore the potential anticancer effect of the cardenolide; acovenoside A against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), understand its molecular mechanism in inducing apoptosis and show the effect of its combination with carboplatin and taxol. MTT assay showed that the combination of acovenoside A with taxol and carboplatin caused 78.9% cytotoxicity reflecting the synergistic effect. The triple combination showed the best growth inhibition efficiency where the number of cells at the G2/M phase was decreased and boosted up apoptotic and necrotic activity. The combination also showed the most remarkable increase in gene expression of Bax and p53 and the least level of Bcl2. The gene expression of miRNA181a and miRNA630 was significantly upregulated in cell lines treated with the combination. The present study has proven that the underlying mechanism of acovenoside A is partially attributed to the upregulation of miR-630 and miR-181a gene expressions which in turn targets the intrinsic apoptosis genes as p53, Bax and Bcl2 as well as caspase 3. The present study is the first to address the valuable effect of using acovenoside A together with carboplatin and taxol in the treatment of NSCLC via exerting apoptotic, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic effects..
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora M Aborehab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 12451, Egypt.
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Abeer M ElSayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Omar Sabry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 12451, Egypt.
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10
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Budi HS, Farhood B. Tumor microenvironment remodeling in oral cancer: Application of plant derived-natural products and nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116432. [PMID: 37331557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancers consist of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and other malignancies in the mouth with varying degrees of invasion and differentiation. For many years, different modalities such as surgery, radiation therapy, and classical chemotherapy drugs have been used to control the growth of oral tumors. Nowadays, studies have confirmed the remarkable effects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on the development, invasion, and therapeutic resistance of tumors like oral cancers. Therefore, several studies have been conducted to modulate the TME in various types of tumors in favor of cancer suppression. Natural products are intriguing agents for targeting cancers and TME. Flavonoids, non-flavonoid herbal-derived molecules, and other natural products have shown promising effects on cancers and TME. These agents, such as curcumin, resveratrol, melatonin, quercetin and naringinin have demonstrated potency in suppressing oral cancers. In this paper, we will review and discuss about the potential efficacy of natural adjuvants on oral cancer cells. Furthermore, we will review the possible therapeutic effects of these agents on the TME and oral cancer cells. Moreover, the potential of nanoparticles-loaded natural products for targeting oral cancers and TME will be reviewed. The potentials, gaps, and future perspectives for targeting TME by nanoparticles-loaded natural products will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Ghufran M, Rehman AU, Ayaz M, Ul-Haq Z, Uddin R, Azam SS, Wadood A. New lead compounds identification against KRas mediated cancers through pharmacophore-based virtual screening and in vitro assays. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8053-8067. [PMID: 36184737 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2128878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, with 19.3 million new diagnoses and 10.1 million deaths in 2020. Cancer is caused due to mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Genetic analyses found that Ras (Rat sarcoma) is one of the most deregulated oncogenes in human cancers. The Ras oncogene family members including NRas (Neuroblastoma ras viral oncogene homolog), HRas (Harvey rat sarcoma) and KRas are involved in different types of human cancers. The mutant KRas is considered as the most frequent oncogene implicated in the development of lung, pancreatic and colon cancers. However, there is no efficient clinical drug even though it has been identified as an oncogene for 30 years. Therefore there is an emerging need to develop potent, new anticancer drugs. In this study, computer-aided drug designing approaches as well as experimental methods were employed to find new and potential anti-cancer drugs. The pharmacophore model was developed from an already known FDA approved anti-cancer drug Bortezomib using the software MOE. The validated pharmacophore model was then used to screen the in-house and commercially available databases. The pharmacophore-based virtual screening resulted in 26 and 86 hits from in-house and commercial databases respectively. Finally, 6/13 (in-house database) and 24/64 hits (commercial databases) were selected with different scaffolds having good interactions with the significant active residues of KRasG12D protein that were predicted as potent lead compounds. Finally, the results of pharmacophore-based virtual screening were further validated by molecular dynamics simulation analysis. The 6 hits of the in-house database were further evaluated experimentally. The experimental results showed that these compounds have good anti-cancer activity which validate the protocol of our in silico studies. KRasG12D protein is a very important anti-cancer target and potent inhibitors for this target are still not available, so small lead compound inhibitors were identified to inhibit the activity of this protein by blocking the GTP-binding pocket.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
- Department of Pathology, Medical Teaching Institution Bacha Khan Medical College (BKMC) Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Ashfaq Ur Rehman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Reaz Uddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikander Azam
- Department of Bioinformatics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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12
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Bentyaghoob S, Dehghani F, Alimohammadi A, Shateri Z, Kahrizsangi MA, Nejad ET, Nouri M, Rashidkhani B. Oxidative balance score and dietary phytochemical index can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in Iranian population. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:183. [PMID: 37231404 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous study has assessed the association between oxidative balance score (OBS) and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with colorectal cancer (CRC) simultaneously. Therefore, this study investigated the association between OBS and DPI with the odds of CRC among the Iranian population. METHODS This hospital-based age and sex-matched case-control study was conducted between September 2008 and January 2010 (142 controls and 71 cases were entered for analysis). New diagnosed CRC cases were selected from the Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran. Dietary intakes were determined by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Then, dietary indices were calculated by food items and nutrient intake. Logistic regression was utilized for assessing the tertiles of OBS and DPI. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, OBS was associated with a 77% reduction in CRC odds in the last tertile than the first tertile (odds ratio (OR) = 0.23, confidence interval (CI): 0.07-0.72, Ptrend = 0.017). Also, we found a 64% reduction in CRC odds in the last tertile of DPI compared to the first tertile (OR = 0.36, CI: 0.15-0.86, Ptrend = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS A diet rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants, including fruits and vegetables (citrus fruits, colored berries, and dark-green leafy vegetables) and whole grains, may reduce the CRC odds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrooz Bentyaghoob
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Dehghani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Alimohammadi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zainab Shateri
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Masoud Amini Kahrizsangi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Tavassoli Nejad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Bahram Rashidkhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Majrashi TA, Alshehri SA, Alsayari A, Muhsinah AB, Alrouji M, Alshahrani AM, Shamsi A, Atiya A. Insight into the Biological Roles and Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Different Types of Cancer: Targeting Cancer Therapeutics. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071704. [PMID: 37049544 PMCID: PMC10097354 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a hard-to-treat disease with a high reoccurrence rate that affects health and lives globally. The condition has a high occurrence rate and is the second leading cause of mortality after cardiovascular disorders. Increased research and more profound knowledge of the mechanisms contributing to the disease’s onset and progression have led to drug discovery and development. Various drugs are on the market against cancer; however, the drugs face challenges of chemoresistance. The other major problem is the side effects of these drugs. Therefore, using complementary and additional medicines from natural sources is the best strategy to overcome these issues. The naturally occurring phytochemicals are a vast source of novel drugs against various ailments. The modes of action by which phytochemicals show their anti-cancer effects can be the induction of apoptosis, the onset of cell cycle arrest, kinase inhibition, and the blocking of carcinogens. This review aims to describe different phytochemicals, their classification, the role of phytochemicals as anti-cancer agents, the mode of action of phytochemicals, and their role in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghreed A. Majrashi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine Unit, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine Unit, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alrouji
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma M. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Gahtori R, Tripathi AH, Kumari A, Negi N, Paliwal A, Tripathi P, Joshi P, Rai RC, Upadhyay SK. Anticancer plant-derivatives: deciphering their oncopreventive and therapeutic potential in molecular terms. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-023-00465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Over the years, phytomedicines have been widely used as natural modalities for the treatment and prevention of various diseases by different ethnic groups across the globe. Although, 25% of drugs in the USA contain at least one plant-derived therapeutic compound, currently there is a paucity of plant-derived active medicinal ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry. Scientific evidence-based translation of plant-derived ethnomedicines for their clinical application is an urgent need. The anticancer and associated properties (antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibition) of various plant extracts and phytochemicals have been elucidated earlier. Several of the plant derivatives are already in use under prophylactic/therapeutic settings against cancer and many are being investigated under different phases of clinical trials.
Main body
The purpose of this study is to systematically comprehend the progress made in the area of prophylactic and therapeutic potential of the anticancerous plant derivatives. Besides, we aim to understand their anticancer potential in terms of specific sub-phenomena, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and inhibition of EMT, with an insight of the molecules/pathways associated with them. The study also provides details of classes of anticancer compounds, their plant source(s) and the molecular pathway(s) targeted by them. In addition to the antioxidative and antiproliferative potentials of anticancer plant derivatives, this study emphasizes on their EMT-inhibition potential and other ‘anticancer related’ properties. The EMT is highlighted as a phenomenon of choice for targeting cancer due to its role in the induction of metastasis and drug resistance. Different phytochemicals in pre-clinical or clinical trials, with promising chemopreventive/anticancer activities have been enlisted and the plant compounds showing synergistic anticancer activity in combination with the existing drugs have been discussed. The review also unravels the need of carrying out pan-signalome studies for identifying the cardinal pathways modulated by phytomedicine(s), as in many cases, the molecular pathway(s) has/have been randomly studied.
Conclusion
This review systematically compiles the studies regarding the impact of various plant derivatives in different cancers and oncogenic processes, as tested in diverse experimental model systems. Availability of more comprehensive information on anticancer phyto-constituents, their relative abundance in crude drugs, pathways/molecules targeted by phytomedicines, their long-term toxicity data and information regarding their safe use under the combinatorial settings, would open greater avenues of their utilization in future against this dreaded disease.
Graphical Abstract
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15
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Exploring the Anticonvulsant Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Ficus benjamina L. Figs in Experimentally Induced Convulsions. J CHEM-NY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/6298366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Ficus benjamina L. is an evergreen tree, native to Southeast Asia, and often known as a weeping fig. Its latex and fruit extracts are used by indigenous cultures to cure skin conditions, inflammation, vomiting, leprosy, malaria, and nasal ailments. The aqueous extract of the figs of Ficus benjamina L. has various therapeutic values, including biological activities on the central nervous system. Materials and Methods. The extract of the dried figs of Ficus benjamina L. (FBE) was prepared by defatting with petroleum ether for 16 h followed by soxhelation with 70% methanol (1 : 10 w/v) for 24 h, and standardization of the extract was carried out using HPLC with 5-HT as a standard. Electroconvulsions were induced by the maximal electroshock model, and chemoconvulsions were induced by picrotoxin. Results. The HPLC chromatogram of the Ficus benjamina L. extract showed an absorption peak with a retention time of 1.797 min, similar to that observed with standard serotonin (5-HT) solution. In the maximal electroshock model, FBE significantly reduced the duration of the tonic hind limb extensor and extensor-to-flexor ratio (E/F ratio) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, in the picrotoxin-induced seizure model, FBE increased the seizure latency and decreased the duration of tonic-clonic convulsions dose-dependently. We confirmed the anticonvulsant activity of the FBE extract as it attenuated both maximal electroshock and picrotoxin-induced convulsions. Conclusion. The in vivo studies revealed that the Ficus extract was found to protect the animals in electroshock-induced and picrotoxin-induced convulsions.
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Mehdi S, Mehmood MH, Ahmed MG, Ashfaq UA. Antidiabetic activity of Berberis brandisiana is possibly mediated through modulation of insulin signaling pathway, inflammatory cytokines and adipocytokines in high fat diet and streptozotocin-administered rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1085013. [PMID: 37089941 PMCID: PMC10117783 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1085013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants play a key role in protection of chronic non-communicable ailments like diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Berberis brandisiana Ahrendt (Berberidaceae) is traditionally used to treat diabetes, liver problems, wounds, arthritis, infections, swelling and tumors. It is also known to be enriched with multiple phytoconstituents including berbamine, berberine, quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid and ferulic acid. The efficacy of B. brandisiana has not been established yet in diabetes. This study has been planned to assess the antidiabetic activity of B. brandisiana in high fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced diabetes using animals. Administration of aqueous methanolic extract of B. brandisiana (AMEBB) and berbamine (Berb) for 8 weeks caused a dose dependent marked (p < 0.01) rise in serum insulin and HDL levels with a significant decline (p < 0.01) in glucose, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol, LDL, LFTs and RFTs levels when compared with only HFD/STZ-administered rats. AMEBB and Berb also modulated inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6) and adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin and chemerin). AMEBB (150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) and Berb (80 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg) treated rats showed a marked increase (p < 0.001) in catalase levels (Units/mg) in pancreas (42.4 ± 0.24, 47.4 ± 0.51), (38.2 ± 0.583, 48.6 ± 1.03) and liver (52 ± 1.41, 63.2 ± 0.51), (57.2 ± 0.58, 61.6 ± 1.24) and superoxide dismutase levels (Units/mg) in pancreas (34.8 ± 1.46, 38.2 ± 0.58), (33.2 ± 0.80, 40.4 ± 1.96) and liver (31.8 ± 1.52, 36.8 ± 0.96), (30 ± 0.70, 38.4 ± 0.81),respectively while a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in serum melondialdehyde levels (nmol/g) in pancreas (7.34 ± 0.17, 6.22 ± 0.22), (7.34 ± 0.20, 6.34 ± 0.11) and liver (9.08 ± 0.31,8.18 ± 0.29), (9.34 ± 0.10, 8.86 ± 0.24) compared to the data of only HFD/STZ-fed rats. Histopathological studies of pancreas, liver, kidney, heart and aorta revealed restoration of normal tissue architect in AMEBB and Berb treated rats. When mRNA expressions of candidate genes were assessed, AMEBB and Berb showed upregulation of IRS-1, SIRT1, GLUT-4 and downregulation of ADAM17. These findings suggest that AMEBB and Berb possess antidiabetic activity, possibly due to its effect on oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers and adipocytokines levels. Further upregulation of IRS-1, SIRT1, GLUT-4 and downregulation of ADAM17, demonstrated its potential impact on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance and chronic inflammatory markers. Thus, this study provides support to the medicinal use of B. brandisiana and berbamine in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Malik Hassan Mehmood, ,
| | - Mobeen Ghulam Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Veeramuthu K, Annadurai P, Gideon DA, Sivaramakrishnan R, Sundarrajan B, Dhandayuthapani K, Pugazhendhi A. In silico molecular docking approach and in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of Ixora brachiata Roxb. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Alshehri OM, Alshamrani S, Mahnashi MH, Alshahrani MM, Khan JA, Shah M, Alshehri MA, Zafar R, Zahoor M, Jan MS, Hassan SSU, Sadiq A. Phytochemical Analysis, Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Contents, and Anticancer Evaluations of Solvent Extracts and Saponins of H. digitata. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9051678. [PMID: 36246962 PMCID: PMC9553491 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9051678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most challenging diseases in the modern era for the researchers and investigators. Extensive research worldwide is underway to find novel therapeutics for prevention and treatment of diseases. The extracted natural sources have shown to be one of the best and effective treatments for cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Different approaches including disc potato model, brine shrimp, and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay were adopted to analyze the anticancer effects. Habenaria digitata was also evaluated for MTT activity against NIH/3T3 cell line. The dexamethasone, etoposide, and vincristine sulfate were used as a positive control in these assays. All of the extracts including crude extracts (Hd.Cr), saponin (Hd.Sp), n-hexane (Hd.Hx), chloroform (Hd.Chf), ethyl acetate (Hd.EA), and aqueous fraction (Hd.Aq) were shown excellent results by using various assays. For example, saponin and chloroform have displayed decent antitumor and angiogenic activity by using potato tumor assay. The saponin fraction and chloroform were shown to be the most efficient in potato tumor experiment, demonstrating 87.5 and 93.7% tumor suppression at concentration of 1000 μg/ml, respectively, with IC50 values of 25.5 and 18.3 μg/ml. Additionally, the two samples, chloroform and saponins, outperformed the rest of the test samples in terms of antiangiogenic activity, with IC50 28.63 μg/ml and 16.20 μg/ml, respectively. In characterizing all solvent fractions, the chloroform (Hd.Chf) and saponin (Hd.Sp) appeared to display good effectiveness against tumor and angiogenesis but very minimal activity against A. tumefaciens. The Hd.Chf and Hd.Sp have been prospective candidates in the isolation of natural products with antineoplastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alshamrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalwa Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shah
- COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehman Zafar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
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Phytotherapeutic Approach in the Management of Cisplatin Induced Vomiting; Neurochemical Considerations in Pigeon Vomit Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3914408. [PMID: 36148411 PMCID: PMC9489405 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3914408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin induced vomiting involves multiple mechanisms in its genesis and a single antiemetic agent do not cover both the phases (acute & delayed) of vomiting in clinics; necessitating the use of antiemetics in combination. Cannabis sativa and other selected plants have ethnopharmacological significance in relieving emesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the intrinsic antiemetic profile of Cannabis sativa (CS), Bacopa monniera (BM, family Scrophulariaceae), and Zingiber officinale (ZO, family Zingiberaceae) in combinations against vomiting induced by highly emetogenic anticancer drug-cisplatin in pigeons. We have analysed the neurotransmitters which trigger the vomiting response centrally and peripherally. Electrochemical detector (ECD) was used for the quantification of neurotransmitters and their respective metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography in the brain stem (BS) and area postrema (AP) while peripherally in the small intestine. Cisplatin (7 mg/kg i.v.) induced reliable vomiting throughout the observation period (24 hrs). CS-HexFr (10 mg) + BM-MetFr (10 mg)–Combination 1, BM-ButFr (5 mg) + ZO-ActFr (25 mg)–Combination 2, ZO-ActFr (25 mg) + CS-HexFr (10 mg)–Combination 3, and CS-HexFr (10 mg) + BM-ButFr (5 mg)–Combination 4; provided ~30% (30 ± 1.1), 70% (12 ± 0.4; P < 0.01), 60% (19 ± 0.2; P < 0.05) and 90% (05 ± 0.1; P < 0.001) protection, respectively, against cisplatin induced vomiting as compared to cisplatin control. Standard MCP (30 mg) provided ~50% (23 ± 0.3) protection (P > 0.05). CS Hexane fraction (10 mg/kg), BM methanolic (10 mg/kg) and bacoside rich n-butanol fraction (5 mg/kg) and ZO acetone fraction (25 mg/kg) alone provided ~62%, 36%, 71%, and 44% protection, respectively, as compared to cisplatin control. The most effective and synergistic combination 4 was found to reduce 5HT and 5HIAA (P < 0.05–0.001) in all the brain areas area postrema (AP)+brain stem (BS) and intestine at the 3rd hour of cisplatin administration. In continuation, at the 18th of cisplatin administration reduction in dopamine (P < 0.001) in the AP and 5HT in the brain stem and intestine (P < 0.001) was observed. The said combination did not change the neurotransmitters basal levels and their respective metabolites any significantly. In conclusion, all the tested combinations offered protection against cisplatin induced vomiting to variable degrees, where combination 4 provided enhanced attenuation by antiserotonergic mechanism at the 3rd hour while a blended antidopaminergic and antiserotonergic mechanism at the 18th hour after cisplatin administration.
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Efficacy of 2-Hydroxyflavanone in Rodent Models of Pain and Inflammation: Involvement of Opioidergic and GABAergic Anti-Nociceptive Mechanisms. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175431. [PMID: 36080199 PMCID: PMC9457732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work examined the pharmacological potential of a selected flavanone derivative 2-hydroxyflavanone as a promising remedy for the treatment and management of pain. The selected flavanone derivative (2-HF) was evaluated for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory potentials following standard pharmacological protocols including hot plate, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests. Naloxone and pentylenetetrazol were used to evaluate the potential implication of GABAergic and opioidergic mechanisms. The anti-inflammatory potential of 2-HF was confirmed using carrageenan-, serotonin- and histamine-induced paw edema models as well as a xylene-induced ear edema model. Furthermore, the anti-neuropathic potential of 2-HF was tested using a cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain model. Our sample, at the tested concentrations of 15, 30 and 45 mg kg−1, showed considerable analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects, as well as efficacy against neuropathic pain. Naloxone and pentylenetetrazol at 1 and 15 mg kg−1 antagonized the anti-nociceptive activities of 2-hydroxyflavanone indicating the involvement of opioidergic and GABAergic mechanisms. In the static allodynia model, combination of gabapentin 75 mg kg−1 with 2-HF at 15, 30, 45 mg kg−1 doses exhibited considerable efficacy. In cold allodynia, 2-hydroxyflavanone, at doses of 15, 30 and 45 mg kg−1 and in combination with gabapentin (75 mg kg−1), demonstrated prominent anti-allodynic effects. The paw withdrawal latency was considerably increased in gabapentin + cisplatin treated groups. Moreover, cisplatin + 2-hydroxyflavanone 15, 30, 45 mg kg−1 showed increases in paw withdrawal latency. Likewise, considerable efficacy was observed for 2-hydroxyflavanone in thermal hyperalgesia and dynamic allodynia models. Our findings suggest that 2-hydroxyflavanone is a potential remedy for pain syndrome, possibly mediated through opioidergic and GABAergic mechanisms.
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Green Nano-Biotechnology: A New Sustainable Paradigm to Control Dengue Infection. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:3994340. [PMID: 35979184 PMCID: PMC9377959 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3994340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a growing mosquito-borne viral disease prevalent in 128 countries, while 3.9 billion people are at high risk of acquiring the infection. With no specific treatment available, the only way to mitigate the risk of dengue infection is through controlling of vector, i.e., Aedes aegypti. Nanotechnology-based prevention strategies like biopesticides with nanoformulation are now getting popular for preventing dengue fever. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by an eco-friendly process, through extracts of medicinal plants have indicated potential anti-dengue applications. Green synthesis of metal NPs is simple, cost-effective, and devoid of hazardous wastes. The recent progress in the phyto-synthesized multifunctional metal NPs for anti-dengue applications has encouraged us to review the available literature and mechanistic aspects of the dengue control using green-synthesized NPs. Furthermore, the molecular bases of the viral inhibition through NPs and the nontarget impacts or hazards with reference to the environmental integrity are discussed in depth. Till date, major focus has been on green synthesis of silver and gold NPs, which need further extension to other innovative composite nanomaterials. Further detailed mechanistic studies are required to critically evaluate the mechanistic insights during the synthesis of the biogenic NPs. Likewise, detailed analysis of the toxicological aspects of NPs and their long-term impact in the environment should be critically assessed.
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