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Roh DE, Na H, Kwon JE, Choi I, Kim YH, Cho HJ. Chest Pain and Suspected Myocarditis Related to COVID-19 Vaccination in Adolescents-A Case Series. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9050693. [PMID: 35626870 PMCID: PMC9139654 DOI: 10.3390/children9050693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As adolescents started to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), suspected myocarditis and pericarditis related to the vaccine were reported in adolescents. According to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), 2,796,270 persons aged 12−18 years were fully vaccinated by December 8. Among these, 9223 adverse events were reported (0.33%). We aimed to elucidate the clinical courses and short-term outcomes for adolescents aged 12−18 with cardiac symptoms and suspected myo- or peri-carditis related to COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients ≤ 18 years of age who had suspected myocarditis or pericarditis within 30 days of COVID-19 vaccination, from July 2021 to January 2022. Results: We reported on 40 adolescents in different South Korean provinces at two centers. Twenty-six cases (65%) were male, and the median age was 16 years (range, 13−18; IQR 14.5−17). Twenty-five cases (62.5%) occurred at the first dose, and fifteen (37.5%) occurred after the second dose. Symptoms started at a median of 2 days (range 0−29 days; IQR 1−5 days) after vaccination. The patients were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (77.5%), intravenous immunoglobulin (2.5%), glucocorticoids (20%), colchicine (5%), or no therapy (15%). Five patients (12.5%) required intensive care unit admission; one patient needed inotropic/vasoactive support. No patients required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or died. The median hospital stay was one day (range 0−8 days; IQR 0−2 days). Twenty-one patients (52.5%) had an abnormal electrocardiogram; among these, seven patients had an elevated ST segment, six patients (15%) had decreased ejection fraction (<55%), and LV function was completely recovered in all of them. Conclusions: Most cases of suspected myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents ≤ 18 years had mild symptoms and clinical courses, as well as a complete recovery. Further studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Eun Roh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-E.R.); (J.-E.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan Baik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 50834, Korea
| | - Hyejin Na
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Children’s Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (H.N.); (I.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-E.R.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Insu Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Children’s Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (H.N.); (I.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Yeo-Hyang Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-E.R.); (J.-E.K.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Hwa-Jin Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Children’s Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (H.N.); (I.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (H.-J.C.)
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