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Kan H, Wang P, Yang Y, Jia H, Liu A, Wang M, Ouyang C, Yang X. Apigenin inhibits proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts through AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118518. [PMID: 38964628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza) is an important Traditional Chinese herbal Medicine (TCM) used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Based on the pharmacodynamic substance of S. miltiorrhiza, the aim of present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of S. miltiorrhiza against cardiac fibrosis (CF) through a systematic network pharmacology approach, molecular docking and dynamics simulation as well as experimental investigation in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic pharmacological analysis was conducted using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology (TCMSP) database to screen the effective chemical components of S. miltiorrhiza, then the corresponding potential target genes of the compounds were obtained by the Swiss Target Prediction and TCMSP databases. Meanwhile, GeneCards, DisGeNET, OMIM, and TTD disease databases were used to screen CF targets, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of drug-disease targets was constructed on S. miltiorrhiza/CF targets by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STING) database. After that, the component-disease-target network was constructed by software Cytoscape 3.7. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed for the intersection targets between drug and disease. The relationship between active ingredient of S. miltiorrhiza and disease targets of CF was assessed via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Subsequently, the underlying mechanism of the hub compound on CF was experimentally investigated in vitro. RESULTS 206 corresponding targets to effective chemical components from S. miltiorrhiza were determined, and among them, there were 82 targets that overlapped with targets of CF. Further, through PPI analysis, AKT1 and GSK3β were the hub targets, and which were both enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, it was the sub-pathways of the lipid and atherosclerosis pathway. Subsequently, compound-disease-genes-pathways diagram is constructed, apigenin (APi) was a top ingredients and AKT1 (51) and GSK3β (22) were the hub genes according to the degree value. The results of molecular docking and dynamics simulation showed that APi has strong affinities with AKT and GSK3β. The results of cell experiments showed that APi inhibited cells viability, proliferation, proteins expression of α-SMA and collagen I/III, phosphorylation of AKT1 and GSK3β in MCFs induced by TGFβ1. CONCLUSION Through a systematic network pharmacology approach, molecular docking and dynamics simulation, and confirmed by in vitro cell experiments, these results indicated that APi interacts with AKT and GSK3β to disrupt the phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of MCFs induced by TGFβ1, which providing new insights into the pharmacological mechanism of S. miltiorrhiza in the treatment of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Kan
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100, China.
| | - Pengyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100, China.
| | - Yayuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100, China.
| | - Hongyu Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100, China.
| | - Aimei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xian Ning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xian'an District, Xian Ning City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Changhan Ouyang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China; School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100, China.
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Wang P, Gu Y, Lu J, Song M, Hou W, Li P, Sun Y, Wang J, Chen X. Endothelial TRPV4 channel mediates the vasodilation induced by Tanshinone IIA. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 402:111181. [PMID: 39089414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TSA), the main lipo-soluble component from the dried rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to induce vasodilation. However, the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TSA on the vasodilation of small resistant arteries ex vivo. Vascular myography revealed that endothelial denudation reduced significantly the vasodilatory effect of TSA. Blocking transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels prevented TSA-induced vasodilation. Whole-cell patch-clamp analysis revealed that the current passing through TRPV4 channels increased after TSA treatment in endothelial cells (ECs). This was attributed to reduced TRPV4 protein degradation along with its increased expression. The TRPV4 inhibitor HC-067047 lowed nitric oxide (NO) production and TSA-induced expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Moreover, it increased the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and protein kinase G (PKG). The present results indicate that TSA induces endothelium-dependent vasodilation, which is mediated by the TRPV4-NO-PKG signaling pathway. These findings highlight the potential of TSA, a compound known in traditional Chinese medicine as Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), for future cardiovascular therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingping Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Miaomiao Song
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juejin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Xue S, Chen H, Zhang J, Tian R, Xie C, Sun Q, Wang H, Shi T, Guo D, Wang Y, Wang Q. Qishen granule alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing ferroptosis via nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118604. [PMID: 39047881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The clinical usage of doxorubicin (DOX) is greatly constrained because of its side effects, especially cardiotoxicity. Studies have suggested that ferroptosis of cardiomyocytes is one of the important causes of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Up-regulating Nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a potential way to prevent ferroptosis associated with DIC. Qishen granules (QSG) has been shown cardioprotective effects on various cardiovascular diseases, including DIC. However, the mechanism of QSG to prevent and treat DIC are not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this work is to probe whether QSG can mitigate DIC by inhibiting ferroptosis, and whether QSG suppresses ferroptosis via Nrf2 pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of QSG on mitigating DIC and the potential targets of QSG were investigated in a DIC mice model. The cardiac function of mice was monitored by echocardiography. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess mitochondrial damage. ROS content was measured by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. The glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in cardiac tissue were detected by kits to evaluate cellular oxidative stress. The accumulation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was detected by immuno-fluorescence. Ferroptosis analysis was determined by tissue iron content and key proteins in Nrf2 pathway were measured by western blotting. The anti-oxidant and anti-ferroptosis mechanisms of QSG were explored in vitro studies. Delivery of Nrf2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) to H9c2 cells aimed to investigate whether QSG could prevent DIC through Nrf2 signaling pathway. The protective effects of QSG on mito-chondrial function and free iron were measured by MitoSOX™ Red and FerroOrange staining assays, respectively. RESULTS In vivo, QSG could improve heart function and suppress ferroptosis in DIC mice. DOX-induced ROS production decreased after QSG treatment. The accumulation of free iron and MDA induced by DOX was suppressed with QSG treatment. The level of GSH increased after QSG intervention. QSG also protected against DOX-induced mitochondrial structural damage. Meanwhile, QSG promoted the expression of Nrf2 pathway-related proteins, thereby resisting ferroptosis. In vitro, QSG exerted anti-oxidant and anti-ferroptosis effects. QSG promoted the nuclear-translocation of Nrf2. In addition, interference with Nrf2 attenuated the regulatory effect of QSG on free iron content and mitochondrial ROS production. Moreover, Nrf2 knockdown weakened the anti-ferroptosis effects of QSG and inhibited the expressions of key proteins in Nrf2 pathway. CONCLUSION The results of this study first illustrated that QSG could alleviate DIC by suppressing ferroptosis via Nrf2 pathway. Nrf2 may be a potential key target for QSG to prevent and treat DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jingmei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ran Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Changxu Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qianbin Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tianjiao Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Li Y, Wu T, Li H, Liu M, Xu H. Tanshinone IIA Promoted Autophagy and Inhibited Inflammation to Alleviate Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2709-2724. [PMID: 39072344 PMCID: PMC11277913 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s464015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) is widely used in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its protective effect on podocytes in DN has not been well studied. In this study, the effects of Tan-IIA on autophagy and inflammation of glomerular podocytes in DN were observed in vivo and in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, is a representative medication for the clinical treatment of DN. So irbesartan was chosen as a positive control drug. Methods Eight-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into a DN group, an irbesartan group, and three groups receiving different doses of Tan-IIA. The control group consisted of the db/m littermate mice. Blood, urine, and kidney samples were taken from the mice after 12 weeks of continuous administration. Renal protection of Tan-IIA was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, haematoxylin and eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the protective effect of Tan-IIA on podocytes was explored using MPC5 cells cultured with high glucose. Results Tan-IIA significantly improved renal pathological injury and relieved the renal dysfunction in DN. Compared with the DN group, Tan-IIA could up-regulate the expression of Synaptopodin, Podocin, LC3II/I and Beclin-1 (p < 0.05), and down-regulate the expression of p62, F4/80, NF-κB p65, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 (p < 0.05) both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that Tan-IIA treatment alleviated podocyte injury by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammation during DN. The levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR in Tan-IIA group were lower than those in DN group (p < 0.05), indicating that Tan-IIA inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in podocytes, which was a key pathway in regulating both autophagy and inflammation. Conclusion Tan-IIA prevented podocyte injury in DN by fostering autophagy and inhibiting inflammation, at least in part via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongye Li
- Lianyungang Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Lianyungang Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China
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Zhu Z, Wang M, Lu S, Dai S, Liu J. Role of macrophage polarization in heart failure and traditional Chinese medicine treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1434654. [PMID: 39104386 PMCID: PMC11298811 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) has a severe impact on public health development due to high morbidity and mortality and is associated with imbalances in cardiac immunoregulation. Macrophages, a major cell population involved in cardiac immune response and inflammation, are highly heterogeneous and polarized into M1 and M2 types depending on the microenvironment. M1 macrophage releases inflammatory factors and chemokines to activate the immune response and remove harmful substances, while M2 macrophage releases anti-inflammatory factors to inhibit the overactive immune response and promote tissue repair. M1 and M2 restrict each other to maintain cardiac homeostasis. The dynamic balance of M1 and M2 is closely related to the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) yin-yang theory, and the imbalance of yin and yang will result in a pathological state of the organism. Studies have confirmed that TCM produces positive effects on HF by regulating macrophage polarization. This review describes the critical role of macrophage polarization in inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and electrophysiology in the course of HF, as well as the potential mechanism of TCM regulation of macrophage polarization in preventing and treating HF, thereby providing new ideas for clinical treatment and scientific research design of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqin Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shenghua Lu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Sisi Dai
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhe Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Ning B, Ge T, Zhao QQ, Feng LS, Wu YQ, Chen H, Lian K, Zhao MJ. Research status of pathogenesis of anxiety or depression after percutaneous coronary intervention and Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118017. [PMID: 38462028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNIC PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anxiety or depression after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common clinical disease. Currently, conventional pharmacotherapy primarily involves the administration of anxiolytic or antidepressant medications in conjunction with anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and other cardiovascular drugs. However, challenges such as drug dependence, adverse reactions and related concerns persist in the treatment of this disease. Numerous pertinent studies have demonstrated that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) exhibits significant therapeutic efficacy and distinctive advantages in managing post-PCI anxiety or depression. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review attempted to summarize the characteristics of TCM for treating anxiety or depression after PCI, including single Chinese herbs, Chinese medicine monomers, compound TCM prescriptions, TCM patented drugs, and other TCM-related treatment methods, focusing on the analysis of the relevant mechanism of TCM treatment of this disease. METHODS By searching the literature on treating anxiety or depression after PCI with TCM in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and other relevant databases, this review focuses on the latest research progress of TCM treatment of this disease. RESULTS In the treatment of anxiety or depression after PCI, TCM exerts significant pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-anxiety or anti-depression, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection, and neuroprotection, mainly by regulating the levels of related inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, neurotransmitter levels, and related signaling pathways. TCM has a good clinical effect in treating anxiety or depression after PCI with individualized treatment. CONCLUSIONS TCM has terrific potential and good prospects in the treatment of anxiety or depression after PCI. The main direction of future exploration is the study of the mechanism related to Chinese medicine monomers and the large sample clinical study related to compound TCM prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ning
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China.
| | - Teng Ge
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China.
| | - Qiang-Qiang Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Lan-Shuan Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China.
| | - Yong-Qing Wu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China.
| | - Huan Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China.
| | - Kun Lian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Ming-Jun Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China; Academician Workstation, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an, 712046, China.
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Wang M, Yan M, Tan L, Zhao X, Liu G, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Gao H, Qin W. Non-coding RNAs: targets for Chinese herbal medicine in treating myocardial fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1337623. [PMID: 38476331 PMCID: PMC10928947 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1337623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death in urban and rural areas. Myocardial fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation at the adaptive and repair stage of cardiovascular diseases, easily predisposing to cardiac death. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), RNA molecules with no coding potential, can regulate gene expression in the occurrence and development of myocardial fibrosis. Recent studies have suggested that Chinese herbal medicine can relieve myocardial fibrosis through targeting various ncRNAs, mainly including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Thus, ncRNAs are novel drug targets for Chinese herbal medicine. Herein, we summarized the current understanding of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis, and highlighted the contribution of ncRNAs to the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicine on myocardial fibrosis. Further, we discussed the future directions regarding the potential applications of ncRNA-based drug screening platform to screen drugs for myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Maocai Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Liqiang Tan
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Zejin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Honggang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
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Zhang Y, Liu L, Qi Y, Lou J, Chen Y, Liu C, Li H, Chang X, Hu Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Feng C, Zhou Y, Zhai Y, Li C. Lactic acid promotes nucleus pulposus cell senescence and corresponding intervertebral disc degeneration via interacting with Akt. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:24. [PMID: 38212432 PMCID: PMC11071984 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of metabolites in the intervertebral disc is considered an important cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Lactic acid, which is a metabolite that is produced by cellular anaerobic glycolysis, has been proven to be closely associated with IVDD. However, little is known about the role of lactic acid in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid on NPCs senescence and oxidative stress as well as the underlying mechanism. A puncture-induced disc degeneration (PIDD) model was established in rats. Metabolomics analysis revealed that lactic acid levels were significantly increased in degenerated intervertebral discs. Elimination of excessive lactic acid using a lactate oxidase (LOx)-overexpressing lentivirus alleviated the progression of IVDD. In vitro experiments showed that high concentrations of lactic acid could induce senescence and oxidative stress in NPCs. High-throughput RNA sequencing results and bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the induction of NPCs senescence and oxidative stress by lactic acid may be related to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Further study verified that high concentrations of lactic acid could induce NPCs senescence and oxidative stress by interacting with Akt and regulating its downstream Akt/p21/p27/cyclin D1 and Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Utilizing molecular docking, site-directed mutation and microscale thermophoresis assays, we found that lactic acid could regulate Akt kinase activity by binding to the Lys39 and Leu52 residues in the PH domain of Akt. These results highlight the involvement of lactic acid in NPCs senescence and oxidative stress, and lactic acid may become a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Libangxi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yuhan Qi
- Institute of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jinhui Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Haiyin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xian Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhilei Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yueyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chencheng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Zhai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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9
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Ao L, Chen Z, Yin J, Leng Y, Luo Y, Fu X, Liu H, Liu X, Gao H, Xie C. Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients for diabetic cardiomyopathy: molecular mechanisms regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1290023. [PMID: 38027018 PMCID: PMC10661377 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1290023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. It is often associated with clinical manifestations such as arrhythmias and heart failure, and significantly reduces the quality of life and years of survival of patients. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is the removal of unfolded and misfolded proteins and is an important mechanism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. ERS plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DCM by causing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, insulin resistance, calcium imbalance, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Targeting ERS is a new direction in the treatment of DCM. A large number of studies have shown that Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients can significantly improve the clinical outcome of DCM patients through intervention in ERS and effects on myocardial structure and function, which has become one of the hot research directions. Purpose: The aim of this review is to elucidate and summarize the roles and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients that have the potential to modulate endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby contributing to better management of DCM. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform were used to search, analyze, and collect literature, in order to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit the progression of DCM by targeting the ERS and its key signaling pathways. Keywords used included "diabetic cardiomyopathy" and "endoplasmic reticulum stress." Results: This review found that Chinese herbs and their active ingredients can regulate ERS through IRE1, ATF6, and PERK pathways to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, ameliorate myocardial fibrosis, and attenuate myocardial hypertrophy for the treatment of DCM. Conclusion: A comprehensive source of information on potential ERS inhibitors is provided in this review. The analysis of the literature suggests that Chinese herbal medicine and its active ingredients can be used as potential drug candidates for the treatment of DCM. In short, we cannot ignore the role of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating ERS and treating DCM, and look forward to more research and new drugs to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjun Ao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengtao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiacheng Yin
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulin Leng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoke Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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10
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Zheng Y, Zhang X, Zhang R, Wang Z, Gan J, Gao Q, Yang L, Xu P, Jiang X. Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:111. [PMID: 37800614 PMCID: PMC10558228 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis poses a persistent obstacle to drug development. In recent times, neuroinflammation has emerged as a crucial pathogenic mechanism of AD, and the targeting of inflammation has become a viable approach for the prevention and management of AD. The present study conducted a comprehensive review of the literature between October 2012 and October 2022, identifying a total of 96 references, encompassing 91 distinct pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their potential impact on AD by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Research has shown that pharmaceuticals have the potential to ameliorate AD by reducing neuroinflammation mainly through regulating inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF‑κB, MAPK, NLRP3, PPARs, STAT3, CREB, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and their respective signaling pathways. Among them, tanshinone IIA has been extensively studied for its anti‑inflammatory effects, which have shown significant pharmacological properties and can be applied clinically. Thus, it may hold promise as an effective drug for the treatment of AD. The present review elucidated the inflammatory signaling pathways of pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in AD and elucidates their underlying mechanisms. This underscores the auspicious potential of pharmaceuticals in ameliorating AD by impeding neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Gan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Pengjuan Xu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
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11
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Bai L, Zhang Y, Zheng C, Xu S, He Y, Yu G, Huang D, Huang Y, Li M, Xu C. Tanshinone IIA protects mouse testes from heat stress injury by inhibiting apoptosis and TGFβ1/Smad2/Smad3 signaling pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:749-759. [PMID: 37610501 PMCID: PMC10746600 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress can cause testicular damage and affect male fertility. Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is a monomer substance derived from plants, with antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Whether it can repair testicular damage caused by heat stress is unclear. This study aims to construct a mouse testicular heat stress injury model and intervene with TSA. Various methods such as histopathology, high-throughput sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and molecular biology were used to investigate whether TSA can alleviate heat stress-induced testicular injury and its mechanism. Results showed that heat stress significantly reduced the diameter of the mouse seminiferous tubules, increased cell apoptosis in the testicular tissue, and significantly decreased testosterone levels. After TSA intervention, testicular morphology and cell apoptosis improved significantly, and testosterone secretion function was restored. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing found that key differentially expressed genes between the HS group and the control and TSA groups clustered in the apoptosis and TGFβ signaling pathways. Using western blot technology, we found that the HS group upregulated TGFβ1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway protein expression, causing cell apoptosis, testicular tissue organic lesions, and affecting testicular secretion function. Through TSA intervention, we found that it can inhibit TGFβ1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway protein expression, thereby restoring testicular damage caused by heat stress. This study confirms that TSA can effectively restore testicular damage caused by heat stress in mice, possibly by inhibiting the TGFβ1/Smad2/Smad3 pathway to suppress apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Changmin Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Shifu Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Yining He
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Guangqiang Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Delun Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Yulin Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Changlong Xu
- Nanning Second People's Hospital, Reproductive Medicine Center, Nanning, 530002, China.
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12
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Feng X, Du M, Li S, Chang X, Liu P. Tanshinone IIA alleviates atherosclerosis in LDLR -/- mice by regulating efferocytosis of macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1233709. [PMID: 37886125 PMCID: PMC10598641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1233709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) is the major lipid-soluble active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, which slows down atherosclerosis (AS). However, it remains unclear whether TIIA has the potential to enhance macrophage efferocytosis and thereby improve atherosclerosis. Objective: The focus of this examination was to determine if TIIA could reduce lipid accumulation and treat AS by enhancing efferocytosis. Methods: Firstly, we conducted in vivo experiments using LDLR knockout (LDLR-/-) mice for a period of 24 weeks, using histopathological staining, immunofluorescence and Western blot experiments to validate from the efficacy and mechanism parts, respectively; in addition, we utilized cells to validate our study again in vitro. The specific experimental design scheme is as follows: In vivo, Western diet-fed LDLR-/- mice for 12 weeks were constructed as an AS model, and normal diet-fed LDLR-/- mice were taken as a blank control group. The TIIA group and positive control group (atorvastatin, ATO) were intervened for 12 weeks by intraperitoneal injection (15 mg/kg/d) and gavage (1.3 mg/kg/d), respectively. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were cultured with ox-LDL (50 ug/mL) or ox-LDL (50 ug/mL) + TIIA (20 uM/L or 40 uM/L). Pathological changes in aortic plaques and foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells were evaluated using Masson and Oil Red O staining, respectively. Biochemical methods were used to detect lipid levels in mice. The immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect apoptotic cells and efferocytosis-related signal expression at the plaques. RT-qPCR and Western blot were carried out to observe the trend change of efferocytosis-related molecules in both mouse aorta and RAW264.7 cells. We also used the neutral red assay to assess RAW264.7 cells' phagocytic capacity. Results: Compared with the model group, TIIA decreased serum TC, TG, and LDL-C levels (p < 0.01), reduced the relative lumen area of murine aortic lipid-rich plaques (p < 0.01), enhanced the stability of murine aortic plaques (p < 0.01), reduced ox-LDL-induced lipid build-up in RAW264.7 cells (p < 0.01), and upregulated efferocytosis-related molecules expression and enhance the efferocytosis rate of ox-LDL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Conclusion: TIIA might reduce lipid accumulation by enhancing the efferocytosis of macrophages and thus treat AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Chai R, Ye Z, Xue W, Shi S, Wei Y, Hu Y, Wu H. Tanshinone IIA inhibits cardiomyocyte pyroptosis through TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway after acute myocardial infarction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1252942. [PMID: 37766966 PMCID: PMC10520722 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1252942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tanshinone IIA, derived from Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), constitutes a significant component of this traditional Chinese medicine. Numerous studies have reported positive outcomes regarding its influence on cardiac function. However, a comprehensive comprehension of the intricate mechanisms responsible for its cardioprotective effects is still lacking. Methods: A rat model of heart failure (HF) induced by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was established via ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Rats received oral administration of tanshinone IIA (1.5 mg/kg) and captopril (10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Cardiac function was assessed through various evaluations. Histological changes in myocardial tissue were observed using staining techniques, including Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Masson, and transmission electron microscopy. Tunel staining was used to detect cell apoptosis. Serum levels of NT-pro-BNP, IL-1β, and IL-18 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB p65, and pyroptosis-related proteins were determined via western blotting (WB). H9C2 cardiomyocytes underwent hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) to simulate ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and cell viability and apoptosis were assessed post treatment with different tanshinone IIA concentrations (0.05 μg/ml, 0.1 μg/ml). ELISA measured IL-1β, IL-18, and LDH expression in the cell supernatant, while WB analysis evaluated TLR4, NF-κB p65, and pyroptosis-related protein levels. NF-κB p65 protein nuclear translocation was observed using laser confocal microscopy. Results: Tanshinone IIA treatment exhibited enhanced cardiac function, mitigated histological cardiac tissue damage, lowered serum levels of NT-pro-BNP, IL-1β, and IL-18, and suppressed myocardial cell apoptosis. Moreover, tanshinone IIA downregulated the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65, IL-1β, pro-IL-1β, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD-N pyroptosis-related proteins in myocardial tissue. Additionally, it bolstered H/R H9C2 cardiomyocyte viability, curbed cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and reduced the levels of TLR4, NF-κB p65, IL-1β, pro-IL-1β, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD-N pyroptosis-related proteins in H/R H9C2 cells. Furthermore, it hindered NF-κB p65 protein nuclear translocation. Conclusion: These findings indicate that tanshinone IIA enhances cardiac function and alleviates myocardial injury in HF rats following AMI. Moreover, tanshinone IIA demonstrates potential suppression of cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. These effects likely arise from the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, presenting a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yi Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Liu D, Zhang C, Zhang J, Xu GT, Zhang J. Molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular AMD focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of retinal pigment epithelium. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106250. [PMID: 37536385 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among elderly people in developed countries. Neovascular AMD (nAMD) accounts for more than 90% of AMD-related vision loss. At present, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) is widely used as the first-line therapy to decrease the choroidal and retinal neovascularizations, and thus to improve or maintain the visual acuity of the patients with nAMD. However, about 1/3 patients still progress to irreversible visual impairment due to subretinal fibrosis even with adequate anti-VEGF treatment. Extensive literatures support the critical role of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, but the underlying mechanisms still remain largely unknown. This review summarized the molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, especially focusing on the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced EMT pathways. It was also discussed how these pathways crosstalk and respond to signals from the microenvironment to mediate EMT and contribute to the progression of nAMD-related subretinal fibrosis. Targeting EMT signaling pathways might provide a promising and effective therapeutic strategy to treat subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Xu J, Zhi X, Zhang Y, Ding R. Tanshinone IIA alleviates chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220666. [PMID: 37589005 PMCID: PMC10426267 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage degeneration caused by chondrocyte damage is the primary pathological mechanism of osteoarthritis (OA). Oxidative stress is correlated with chondrocyte injury by potentiating ferroptosis, a newly identified form of cell death. Given the effects of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on alleviating oxidative stress, we further explored whether Tan IIA inhibited chondrocyte death and cartilage degeneration by decreasing ferroptosis. ATDC5 chondrocytes were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Tan IIA, and cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif-5 (ADAMTS5), and type II collagen (Col II) levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence (IF) analysis. We demonstrated that Tan IIA treatment prominently increased ATDC5 cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis in the presence of LPS-induced stress. MMP13 and ADAMTS5 expression was increased, and Col II expression was decreased in ATDC5 cells after LPS stimulation, whereas these changes were reversed by Tan IIA. Mechanistically, Tan IIA inhibited LPS-induced ferroptosis in ATDC5 cells, as indicated by decreased levels of iron, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde and increased GSH levels. Importantly, a ferroptosis agonist partially abrogated the effect of Tan IIA on alleviating chondrocyte damage and death. Taken together, these results suggest that Tan IIA ameliorates chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis and may be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Ren Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, No 181 You Yi Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201999, China
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16
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Carpi S, Quarta S, Doccini S, Saviano A, Marigliano N, Polini B, Massaro M, Carluccio MA, Calabriso N, Wabitsch M, Santorelli FM, Cecchini M, Maione F, Nieri P, Scoditti E. Tanshinone IIA and Cryptotanshinone Counteract Inflammation by Regulating Gene and miRNA Expression in Human SGBS Adipocytes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1029. [PMID: 37509065 PMCID: PMC10377153 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the adipose tissue contributes to the onset and progression of several chronic obesity-related diseases. The two most important lipophilic diterpenoid compounds found in the root of Salvia milthorrhiza Bunge (also called Danshen), tanshinone IIA (TIIA) and cryptotanshinone (CRY), have many favorable pharmacological effects. However, their roles in obesity-associated adipocyte inflammation and related sub-networks have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the gene, miRNAs and protein expression profile of prototypical obesity-associated dysfunction markers in inflamed human adipocytes treated with TIIA and CRY. The results showed that TIIA and CRY prevented tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced inflammatory response in adipocytes, by counter-regulating the pattern of secreted cytokines/chemokines associated with adipocyte inflammation (CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL10/IP-10, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL1/GRO-α, IL-6, IL-8, MIF and PAI-1/Serpin E1) via the modulation of gene expression (as demonstrated for CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL10/IP-10, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL1/GRO-α, and IL-8), as well as related miRNA expression (miR-126-3p, miR-223-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-132-3p), and by attenuating monocyte recruitment. This is the first demonstration of a beneficial effect by TIIA and CRY on adipocyte dysfunction associated with obesity development and complications, offering a new outlook for the prevention and/or treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Carpi
- Science of Health Department, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Quarta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefano Doccini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anella Saviano
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Noemi Marigliano
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Calabriso
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Maione
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy
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17
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Wang Y, Shen H, Pang L, Qiu B, Yuan Y, Guan X, Xiang X. Qihuang Granule protects the retinal pigment epithelium from oxidative stress via regulation of the alternative complement pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:55. [PMID: 36800952 PMCID: PMC9938598 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in elderly people, and dry AMD is the most common type of AMD. Oxidative stress and alternative complement pathway activation may play essential roles in the pathogenesis of dry AMD. There are no available drugs for dry AMD. Qihuang Granule (QHG) is an herbal formula for the treatment of dry AMD, and it achieves a good clinical effect in our hospital. However, its potential mechanism is unclear. Our study investigated the effects of QHG on oxidative stress-associated retinal damage to reveal its underlying mechanism. METHODS Oxidative stress models were established using H2O2 and NaIO3 in ARPE-19 cells and C57BL/6 mice. Cell apoptosis and viability were assessed using phase contrast microscopy and flow cytometry, respectively. Alterations in the mouse retinal structure were evaluated using Masson staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The expression of complement factor H (CFH), complement component 3a (C3a) and complement component 5a (C5a) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and mice was measured using RT‒PCR, Western blot analysis and ELISA. RESULTS Pretreatment with QHG significantly prevented cell apoptosis and disorder of the RPE and inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) in H2O2-treated RPE cells and NaIO3-injected mice. QHG alleviated mitochondrial damage in mouse RPE cells, as shown by TEM. QHG also promoted CFH expression and inhibited the expression of C3a and C5a. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that QHG protects the retinal pigment epithelium from oxidative stress, likely by regulating the alternative complement pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Huangxuan Shen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Long Pang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Bo Qiu
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Xiaoying Guan
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685The Second Clinical college of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Xiaolan Xiang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685The Second Clinical college of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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Yang Y, Shao M, Yao J, Yang S, Cheng W, Ma L, Li W, Cao J, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Wang W. Neocryptotanshinone protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting autolysosome degradation of protein aggregates via the ERK1/2-Nrf2-LAMP2 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154625. [PMID: 36586206 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggrephagy is a critical compensatory mechanism for the elimination of misfolded proteins resulting from stress and depends on the autolysosome degradation of protein aggregates. However, there have been few mechanism research related to aggrephagy in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Neocryptotanshinone (NCTS) is a fat-soluble active compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and may be cardioprotective against I/R. However, the efficacy and specific mechanism of NCTS on I/R have not been studied. PURPOSE The current study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of NCTS involved in the therapeutic effect on I/R, with a special emphasis on the up-regulation of the ERK1/2-Nrf2-LAMP2 pathway to increase autolysosomal degradation during aggrephagy. METHODS A rat model of myocardial I/R injury was constructed by left anterior descending (LAD) ligation-reperfusion. To verify cardiac protection, autolysosome clearance of protein aggregates, and their intracellular biological mechanism, an oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R)-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte model was created. RESULTS NCTS was found to have a significant cardioprotective effect in I/R rats as evidenced by remarkably improved pathological anatomy, decreased myocardial damage indicators, and substantially enhanced cardiac performance. Mechanistically, NCTS might boost the levels of LAMP2 mRNA and protein, total and Ser40 phosphorylated Nrf2, and Thr202/Tyr204p-ERK1/2 protein. Simultaneously, the cytoplasmic Nrf2 level was reduced after NCTS administration, which was contrary to the total Nrf2 content. However, these beneficial changes were reversed by the co-administration with ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059. NCTS therapy up-regulated Rab7 protein content, Cathepsin B activity, and lysosomal acidity, while down-regulating autophagosome numbers, Ubiquitin (Ub), and autophagosome marker protein accumulations through the above signaling pathway. This might indicate that NCTS enhanced lysosomal fusion and hydrolytic capacity. It was also found that NCTS intervention limited oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We reported for the first time that NCTS promoted the autolysosome removal of protein aggregation both in vivo and in vitro, to exert the therapeutic advantages of myocardial I/R injury. This was reliant on the up-regulation of the ERK1/2-Nrf2-LAMP2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junkai Yao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shuangjie Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenkun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weili Li
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yueyao Hu
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100700, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Li H, Hu P, Zou Y, Yuan L, Xu Y, Zhang X, Luo X, Zhang Z. Tanshinone IIA and hepatocellular carcinoma: A potential therapeutic drug. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1071415. [PMID: 36798821 PMCID: PMC9928209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1071415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its high prevalence and poor long-term clinical treatment effect, liver disease is regarded as a major public health problem around the world. Among them, viral hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver disease are common causes and inducements of liver injury, and play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tanshinone IIA (TsIIA) is a fat soluble polyphenol of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Because of its strong biological activity (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant), it is widely used in Asia to treat cardiovascular and liver diseases. In addition, TsIIA has shown significant anti-HCC activity in previous studies. It not only has significant anti proliferation and pro apoptotic properties. It can also play an anti-cancer role by mediating a variety of signal pathways, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). This review not only reviews the existing evidence and molecular mechanism of TsIIA's anti-HCC effect but also reviews the liver-protective effect of TsIIA and its impact on liver fibrosis, NAFLD, and other risk factors for liver cancer. In addition, we also conducted network pharmacological analysis on TsIIA and HCC to further screen and explore the possible targets of TsIIA against hepatocellular carcinoma. It is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of anti-HCC-related drugs based on TsIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Pengbo Hu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China,Institute of Medical Science of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yajun Zou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Xu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China,Institute of Medical Science of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,*Correspondence: Zhiqiang Zhang,
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Lu L, Xiong Y, Zhou J, Wang G, Mi B, Liu G. The Therapeutic Roles of Cinnamaldehyde against Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9177108. [PMID: 36254234 PMCID: PMC9569207 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9177108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from epidemiological studies has demonstrated that the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) increase year by year, which pose a great threat on social economy and human health worldwide. Due to limited therapeutic benefits and associated adverse effects of current medications, there is an urgent need to uncover novel agents with favorable safety and efficacy. Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is a bioactive phytochemical isolated from the stem bark of Chinese herbal medicine Cinnamon and has been suggested to possess curative roles against the development of CVDs. This integrated review intends to summarize the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic features of CA and discuss the recent advances in underlying mechanisms and potential targets responsible for anti-CVD properties of CA. The CA-related cardiovascular protective mechanisms could be attributed to the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress, improvement of lipid and glucose metabolism, regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, suppression of cardiac fibrosis, and platelet aggregation and promotion of vasodilation and angiogenesis. Furthermore, CA is likely to inhibit CVD progression via affecting other possible processes including autophagy and ER stress regulation, gut microbiota and immune homeostasis, ion metabolism, ncRNA expression, and TRPA1 activation. Collectively, experiments reported previously highlight the therapeutic effects of CA and clinical trials are advocated to offer scientific basis for the compound future applied in clinical practice for CVD prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Zhu Y, Ouyang Z, Du H, Wang M, Wang J, Sun H, Kong L, Xu Q, Ma H, Sun Y. New opportunities and challenges of natural products research: When target identification meets single-cell multiomics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4011-4039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Li X, Yang Y, Song Y, Nie F, Fu C, Qin Y. Effect of Shuangdan Mingmu Capsule on Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats via Regulation of miRNAs. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3181-3194. [PMID: 36268199 PMCID: PMC9578787 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s379611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of Shuangdan Mingmu (SDMM) capsule on diabetic retinopathy in rats by regulating miRNAs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) was successfully used to induce diabetes in male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were randomly assigned to a group taking SDMM capsules ("diabetic+SDMM") or a control group ("diabetic"), and the normal group (n=10/group). The diabetic+SDMM capsule group received 1.89g/kg/d of SDMM capsule by gavage, whereas the other groups received the same amount of distilled water. After 12-weeks of gavage, the retina was removed from all rats for histopathological analysis, and miRNA sequencing experiments were carried out to identify the differential expression of miRNAs. These results were then confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS SDMM capsules improved retinal morphology, restored the number of cells in the ganglion cell layer (p<0.0001) and reduced apoptosis in all retinal layers (p values in the outer nuclear layers, inner nuclear layers and ganglion cell layers 0.0001, 0.0147, 0.0034, respectively). In addition, miRNA expression was changed in rats taking SDMM capsules. Compared with the diabetic group, six miRNAs were up-regulated and four miRNAs were down-regulated in the diabetic+SDMM capsule group. The qRT-PCR validation results showed that the expression levels of miR-450b-5p, miR-1249 and miR-155-5p were consistent with the trend of miRNA sequencing results, and were all up-regulated after SDMM capsule treatment. Target gene prediction and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs showed that these pathways were mainly concentrated in the focal adhesions and PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and neural factor signaling pathways. CONCLUSION SDMM capsules may prevent and treat diabetic retinopathy by regulating the expression of miR-450b-5p, miR-1249 and miR-155-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Ophthalmology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function with Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijing Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function with Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Song
- Ophthalmology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function with Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fujiao Nie
- Ophthalmology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function with Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaojun Fu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function with Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function with Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410006, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuhui Qin, Institute of Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province, Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13873120865, Email
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