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Zuo Y, Chen C, Liu F, Hu H, Dong S, Shen Q, Zeng J, Huang L, Liao X, Cao Z, Zhong Z, Lu H, Chen J. Pinoresinol diglucoside mitigates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis and chondrodysplasia in zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116884. [PMID: 38442791 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global increase in the aging population has led to a higher incidence of osteoporosis among the elderly. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the protective properties of pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG), an active constituent of Eucommia ulmoides, against dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis and chondrodysplasia. METHODS A zebrafish model of osteoporosis was established by exposing larval zebrafish to dexamethasone. The impact of PDG on bone mineralization was assessed through alizarin red and calcein staining. Alkaline phosphatase activity was quantified to evaluate osteoblast function. The influence of PDG on chondrogenesis was estimated using alcian blue staining. Fluorescence imaging and motor behavior analysis were employed to assess the protective effect of PDG on the structure and function of dexamethasone-induced skeletal teratogenesis. qPCR determined the expression of osteogenesis and Wnt signaling-related genes. Molecular docking was used to assess the potential interactions between PDG and Wnt receptors. RESULTS PDG significantly increased bone mineralization and corrected spinal curvature and cartilage malformations in the zebrafish model. Furthermore, PDG enhanced swimming abilities compared to the model group. PDG mitigated dexamethasone-induced skeletal abnormalities in zebrafish by upregulating Wnt signaling, showing potential interaction with Wnt receptors FZD2 and FZD5. CONCLUSION PDG mitigates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis and chondrodysplasia by promoting bone formation and activating Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zuo
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and General Medicine, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and General Medicine, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Si Dong
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinyuan Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junquan Zeng
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinjun Liao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zigang Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilin Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and General Medicine, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325003, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and General Medicine, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Jiang J, Zhao B, Xiao J, Shi L, Shang W, Shu Y, Zhao Z, Shen J, Xu J, Cai H. Exploring the boost of steaming with wine on Ligustri Lucidi Fructus in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis based on superior "multi-component structure" and iron/bone metabolism coregulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155275. [PMID: 38142661 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies indicated that postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) often accompanied by iron overload risk factor, which exacerbated bone metabolism disorders and accelerated PMOP. Previous research found that multicomponent in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (FLL) or wine-steamed FLL (WFLL) acted on the common targets of iron overload and PMOP simultaneously, which indicated that FLL and WFLL probably regulated iron/bone metabolism dually. Additionally, WFLL had more superior effect according to the theory of Chinese medicine for thousands of years. PURPOSE To reveal the "superior multi-component structure (SMCS)" and its molecular mechanisms in parallelly down-regulating iron overload and rescuing bone metabolism by WFLL. DESIGNS AND METHODS HPLC fingerprinting was established to compare the chemical profiles of FLL and WFLL; Then, the chemical compositions and quality markers of FLL and WFLL were analyzed by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS coupled with OPLS-DA; the dynamic contents of quality markers and the multi-component structure at different wine steaming times (WST) were simultaneously determined by HPLC-DAD. Meanwhile, the dynamic efficacy of FLL at different WST were hunt by systematic zebrafish model. Subsequently, potential mechanism of WFLL in treating PMOP accompanied with iron overload was obtained from network pharmacology (NP) and molecular docking (MD). Finally, zebrafish and ovariectomy rat model were carried out to validate this potential mechanism. RESULTS HPLC fingerprints similarity of 15 batches in FLL and WFLL were among 0.9-1.0. 126 compositions were identified, including 58 iridoids, 25 terpenes, 30 phenylethanoids, 7 flavonoids and 6 others. 20 quality markers associated with WFLL was revealed, and the ratio of phenylethanols: Iridoids: Triterpenes (P/I/T) was converted from 1: 15: 4.5 to 1: 0.8: 0.9 during steaming (0 - 24 h) calculated by the quantification of 11 quality markers; the bone mineralization and motor performance of zebrafish larvae indicated that the optimum efficacy of WFLL at 12 h (p < 0.05) in which the SMCS of P/I/T was converted to 1: 4: 1.8. NP discovered that BMP-Smad pathway is one of the potential mechanisms of FLL in anti PMOP and then regulated bone formation and iron overload simultaneously. MD revealed that 17 active ingredients and 10 core targets genes could spontaneously bind with appropriate affinity. Rats model verified that FLL and WFLL significantly reversed PMOP, based on the improvement in bone formation indexes (ALP, OPG, OGN), iron metabolism indicators (hepcidin, ferritin), bone microstructure (BMD, BV/TV, Tb. Th, Tb. N); Moreover, WFLL significant enhanced reversal effect in anti-PMOP compared to FLL (p < 0.05). FLL and WFLL increased genes and proteins expression (Hep, BMP-6, p-Smad1/5, Smad4) related to BMP-Smad pathway compared with model group, and WFLL was more superior than FLL (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION The SMCS of FLL was optimized by wine-steam, WFLL represented a dual effect in downregulating iron overload and promoting bone formation, and the BMP-Smad pathway is one of the potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Baixiu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Nanjing first hospital, No.68 Changle Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ye Shu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junyi Shen
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjuan Xu
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Jiang J, He J, Xiao S, Shenyuan J, Chen T, Pei D. Screening of superior anti-osteoporotic flavonoids from Epimedii Folium with dual effects of reversing iron overload and promoting osteogenesis. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5686. [PMID: 37277120 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload is a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and lowering iron levels to regulate the labile plasma iron is the preferred therapy. Icariin (ICA), baohuoside I (BHS) and icaritin (ICT) are three flavonoids obtained from Epimedii Folium that are efficient in facilitating osteogenesis. In this study, an active flavonoid with dual effects of reversing iron overload and promoting osteogenesis was screened based on pharmacokinetics, iron complexation properties and the potential to downregulate iron overload, reversing PMOP. As a result, the in vivo absorption of three compounds was ICA > ICT > BHS, while the exposure in muscle and bone was BHS > ICT > ICA. In vitro complexation showed that only ICT complexed with Fe (III) at a 1:1 ratio on 3-OH and the ICT-Fe (III) complex (m/z 424.3750) was identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In vivo dynamic detection also showed that the concentration of ICT-Fe (III) complexes varied with the concentration of ICT in plasma. The behavioral blunting and bone loss in zebrafish induced by Fe (III) were significantly reversed by ICT in a dose-dependent manner. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis showed that ICT was negatively correlated with serum ferritin and positively correlated with osteogenic markers including alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin. Bone loss in ovariectomized rats was significantly altered after ICT intervention, with reduced serum ferritin levels and improved osteogenic marker levels. These results demonstrated that ICT had favorable musculoskeletal penetration and iron complexation capability to shrink labile plasma iron, showing superior performance in anti-PMOP through the dual effects of reversing iron overload and promoting osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinjin He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shichang Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayi Shenyuan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Comprehensive Technical Center, Zhenjiang Customs District P. R. of China, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dan Pei
- ADR Monitoring Center, Zhenjiang Food and Drug Supervision and Inspection Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Cai Z, He J, Jiang J, Zhao Z, Shu Y. Systematic investigation of the material basis, multiple mechanisms and quality control of Simiao Yong'an decoction combined with antibiotic in the treatment of sepsis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154910. [PMID: 37267690 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is one of the major threats to human health with high mortality. Simiao Yong'an decoction (SMYAD) has the efficacy of anti-inflammation, improving coagulation and microcirculation, which is applicable for the clinical assistance treatment of sepsis. Yet, its material basis and relevant mechanisms are still vague. PURPOSE Explore the quality markers (Q-markers), biomarkers and potential mechanisms of SMYAD combined with imipenem/cilastatin sodium for anti-sepsis. METHODS Linear-Trap-LC/MSn was employed to profile the compounds in the extract and medicated serum of SMYAD. Then, the components and targets obtained from databases were applied to network pharmacology. Q-markers' range was narrowed via the affinity of three times docking and determined as per its screening criteria. Also, the content of them was detected by HPLC. Next, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was reproduced to observe the effect of SMYAD united antibiotic by survival rate, histopathology score, ELISA, western blot and qPCR. Finally, metabolomics based upon GC-MS was exerted to discover the differential endogenous metabolites, metabolic pathway and joint pathway of SMYAD combined with antibiotic for sepsis. RESULTS The 25 serum migrant ingredients derived from 113 chemical compounds of SMYAD were identified for the first time, and 6 components were determined as the Q-markers of SMYAD. The enrichment analysis indicated that the potential mechanism was mainly associated with the IL-17 signaling pathway, complement-coagulation cascades signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway. Then, SMYAD united antibiotic declined the mortality of septic rats, restored cytokine levels, ameliorated histopathological lesions and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of target proteins in a dose-dependent way. Furthermore, 8 differential metabolites were regarded as latent biomarkers related to the antiseptic effect of SMYAD united antibiotic, which were mainly involved in the Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) metabolic pathway. CONCLUSIONS Different skeletons of compounds, including iridoids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, triterpenes and others, were the main compositions of SMYAD. Among them, 6 components were determined as the Q-markers, which provided a basis for the construction of quality standards for this ancient classic formula. The combination therapy of SMYAD and antibiotic obviously ameliorated inflammatory reaction, coagulation dysfunction and microcirculation abnormalities for sepsis by inhibiting IL-17 signaling pathway, complement-coagulation cascades signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jinjin He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Zihan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ye Shu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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Xiao J, Shang W, Zhao Z, Jiang J, Chen J, Cai H, He J, Cai Z, Zhao Z. Pharmacodynamic Material Basis and Potential Mechanism Study of Spatholobi Caulis in Reversing Osteoporosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:3071147. [PMID: 37089711 PMCID: PMC10121353 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3071147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective To elucidate the mechanism of Spatholobi Caulis (SC) in treating osteoporosis (OP) integrated zebrafish model and bioinformatics. Methods Skeleton staining coupled with image quantification was performed to evaluate the effects of SC on skeleton mineralization area (SSA) and total optical density (TOD). Zebrafish locomotor activity was monitored using the EthoVision XT. Bioactive compounds of SC and their corresponding protein targets were acquired from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Potential therapeutic targets for OP were summarized through retrieving 5 databases, and then, the overlapping genes between SC and OP were acquired. The core genes were selected by CytoHubba. Subsequently, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis of the intersection target genes were carried out by R software. Finally, the molecular docking simulation was manipulated between the ingredients and the hub genes. Results Compared with the model group, SC significantly increased the SSA and TOD at 10 mg/mL and improved the locomotor activity in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001). 33 components of SC were associated with 72 OP-related genes including 10 core genes (MAPK1, VEGFA, MMP9, AKT1, AR, IL6, CALM3, TP53, EGFR, and CAT). Advanced Glycation End Product (AGE) Receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling pathway was screened out as the principal pathway of SC in anti-OP. The bioactive components (Aloe-emodin, Emodin, Formononetin, Licochalcone A, Luteolin, and Lopac-I-3766) have excellent affinity to core genes (MAPK1, VEGFA, MMP9, AKT1, and IL6). Conclusion SC had the hierarchical network characteristics of "multicomponents/multitargets/multifunctions/multipathways" in reversing OP, but AGE-RAGE signaling pathway may be the main regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Xiao
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of TCM, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjin He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihui Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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