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Xia D, Qian Q, Wang S, Dong X, Liu Y. Alendronate Functionalized Bone-Targeting Pomolic Acid Liposomes Restore Bone Homeostasis for Osteoporosis Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:7983-7996. [PMID: 39135672 PMCID: PMC11317228 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s462514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis, characterized by dysregulation of osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation, severely threatens human health during aging. However, there is still no good therapy for osteoporosis, so this direction requires our continuous attention, and there is an urgent need for new drugs to solve this problem. Methods Traditional Chinese Medicine Salvia divinorum monomer pomolic acid (PA) could effectively inhibit osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomized osteoporosis. However, its poor solubility and lack of targeting severely limits its further application. A novel bone-targeting nanomedicine (PA@TLipo) has been developed to reconstruct the osteoporotic microenvironment by encapsulating pomolic acid in alendronate-functionalized liposomes. Through a series of operations such as synthesis, purification, encapsulation, and labeling, the PA@TLipo have been prepared. Moreover, the cytotoxicity, bone targeting and anti-osteoporosis effect was verified by cell and animal experiments. Results In the aspect of targeting, the PA@TLipo can effectively aggregate on the bone tissue to reduce bone loss, and in terms of toxicity, PA@TLipo could increase the bone target ability in comparison to nontargeted liposome, thereby mitigating systemic cytotoxicity. Moreover, PA@TLipo inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro and reduced bone loss in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic mice. Conclusion In this study, a novel therapeutic agent was designed and constructed to treat osteoporosis, consisting of a liposome material as the drug pocket, PA as the anti-osteoporosis drug, and ALN as the bone-targeting molecule. And our study is the first to employ a bone-targeted delivery system to deliver PA for OVX-induced bone loss, providing an innovative solution for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Dong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China
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Xie J, Xiong S, Li Y, Xia B, Li M, Zhang Z, Shi Z, Peng Q, Li C, Lin L, Liao D. Phenolic acids from medicinal and edible homologous plants: a potential anti-inflammatory agent for inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1345002. [PMID: 38975345 PMCID: PMC11224438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been shown to trigger a wide range of chronic diseases, particularly inflammatory diseases. As a result, the focus of research has been on anti-inflammatory drugs and foods. In recent years, the field of medicinal and edible homology (MEH) has developed rapidly in both medical and food sciences, with 95% of MEH being associated with plants. Phenolic acids are a crucial group of natural bioactive substances found in medicinal and edible homologous plants (MEHPs). Their anti-inflammatory activity is significant as they play a vital role in treating several inflammatory diseases. These compounds possess enormous potential for developing anti-inflammatory drugs and functional foods. However, their development is far from satisfactory due to their diverse structure and intricate anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the various types, structures, and distribution of MEHP phenolic acids that have been identified as of 2023. We also analyze their anti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanisms in inflammatory diseases through NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3, Nrf2, TLRs, and IL-17 pathways. Additionally, we investigate their impact on regulating the composition of the gut microbiota and immune responses. This analysis lays the groundwork for further exploration of the anti-inflammatory structure-activity relationship of MEHP phenolic acids, aiming to inspire structural optimization and deepen our understanding of their mechanism, and provides valuable insights for future research and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Xie
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Suhui Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bohou Xia
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Minjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuxian Peng
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Lin
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Duanfang Liao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Wang W, Wang S, Li Y, Zhu M, Xu Q, Luo B, Liu Y, Liu Y. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experimental verification of the mechanism of Guanxining in treating diabetic atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117792. [PMID: 38290612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Guanxinning(GXN) tablet is a patented traditional Chinese medicine widely used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. However, its potential mechanism and target in anti-diabetic atherosclerosis have not been clarified. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying targets and mechanisms of action GXN in the treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis, employing a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experimental verification. METHODS We predicted the core components and targets of GXN in the treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis through various databases, and made analysis and molecular docking. In vitro, we induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells using glucose/palmitate and observed the effects of GXN on cellular damage high-glucose and high-fat conditions, subsequently elucidating its molecular mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 14 active components and 157 targets of GXN were identified. Using the PPI network, we selected 9 core active components and 20 targets of GXN. GO functional analysis revealed that these targets were primarily associated with apoptosis signaling pathways in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress and reactive oxygen species responses. Molecular docking confirmed the strong binding affinities of the primary active components of GXN with ERN1, MAPK1 and BECN1. In vitro experiments demonstrated the ability of GXN to restore endothelial cell activity, enhance cell migration and inhibit sICAM secretion, and upregulate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins (IRE1, XBP1) and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, LC3A, and LC3B), while simultaneously inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis under high-glucose and high-fat conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that GXN can potentially safeguard endothelial cells from the adverse effects of high-glucose and high-fat by modulating the interactions between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. Therefore, GXN is a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Sutong Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Qian Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Binyu Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China; The Second Department of Gerontology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Yang B, Lin Y, Huang Y, Shen YQ, Chen Q. Thioredoxin (Trx): A redox target and modulator of cellular senescence and aging-related diseases. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103032. [PMID: 38232457 PMCID: PMC10827563 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin (Trx) is a compact redox-regulatory protein that modulates cellular redox state by reducing oxidized proteins. Trx exhibits dual functionality as an antioxidant and a cofactor for diverse enzymes and transcription factors, thereby exerting influence over their activity and function. Trx has emerged as a pivotal biomarker for various diseases, particularly those associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging. Recent clinical investigations have underscored the significance of Trx in disease diagnosis, treatment, and mechanistic elucidation. Despite its paramount importance, the intricate interplay between Trx and cellular senescence-a condition characterized by irreversible growth arrest induced by multiple aging stimuli-remains inadequately understood. In this review, our objective is to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the structure and function of Trx, its involvement in redox signaling pathways and cellular senescence, its association with aging and age-related diseases, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target. Our review aims to elucidate the novel and extensive role of Trx in senescence while highlighting its implications for aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yumeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yibo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Chen XJ, Liu SY, Li SM, Feng JK, Hu Y, Cheng XZ, Hou CZ, Xu Y, Hu M, Feng L, Xiao L. The recent advance and prospect of natural source compounds for the treatment of heart failure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27110. [PMID: 38444481 PMCID: PMC10912389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a continuously developing syndrome of cardiac insufficiency caused by diseases, which becomes a major disease endangering human health as well as one of the main causes of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The occurrence of heart failure is related to hemodynamic abnormalities, neuroendocrine hormones, myocardial damage, myocardial remodeling etc, lead to the clinical manifestations including dyspnea, fatigue and fluid retention with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Currently available drugs such as cardiac glycoside, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, vasodilator and β receptor blocker etc are widely used for the treatment of heart failure. In particular, natural products and related active ingredients have the characteristics of mild efficacy, low toxicity, multi-target comprehensive efficacy, and have obvious advantages in restoring cardiac function, reducing energy disorder and improving quality of life. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent advance including mechanisms and active ingredients of natural products for the treatment of heart failure, which will provide the inspiration for the development of more potent clinical drugs against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Juan Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Si-Ming Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | | | - Ying Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Cheng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Xu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mu Hu
- Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ling Feng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
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Ni D, Lei C, Liu M, Peng J, Yi G, Mo Z. Cell death in atherosclerosis. Cell Cycle 2024; 23:495-518. [PMID: 38678316 PMCID: PMC11135874 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2344943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A complex and evolutionary process that involves the buildup of lipids in the arterial wall and the invasion of inflammatory cells results in atherosclerosis. Cell death is a fundamental biological process that is essential to the growth and dynamic equilibrium of all living things. Serious cell damage can cause a number of metabolic processes to stop, cell structure to be destroyed, or other irreversible changes that result in cell death. It is important to note that studies have shown that the two types of programmed cell death, apoptosis and autophagy, influence the onset and progression of atherosclerosis by controlling these cells. This could serve as a foundation for the creation of fresh atherosclerosis prevention and treatment strategies. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, ferroptosis and necrosis, and discussed their effects on endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages in the process of atherosclerosis, so as to provide reference for the next step to reveal the mechanism of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ni
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Cai Lei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Minqi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children’s Medical Center), Yueyang, China
| | - Jinfu Peng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghui Yi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongcheng Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Province Postgraduate Co-training Base for Cooperative Innovation in Basic Medicine (Guilin Medical University and Yueyang Women & Children’s Medical Center), Yueyang, China
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Zhang ML, Zhang MN, Chen H, Wang X, Zhao K, Li X, Song X, Tong F. Salvianolic Acid B Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation by Upregulating the miR-486a-5p Expression. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:4121166. [PMID: 38405620 PMCID: PMC10890902 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4121166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The macrovascular complications of diabetes cause high mortality and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The inflammatory response of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) runs through its pathophysiological process. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exhibits beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, its role and mechanism in diabetic vascular inflammatory response remain unclear. In this study, we found that Sal B reduced vascular inflammation in diabetic mice and high glucose- (HG-) induced VSMC inflammation. Subsequently, we found that Sal B reduced HG-induced VSMC inflammation by downregulating FOXO1. Furthermore, miR-486a-5p expression was obviously reduced in HG-treated VSMC. Sal B attenuated HG-induced VSMC inflammation by upregulating miR-486a-5p. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments had proven that the transfection of the miR-486a-5p mimic inhibited HG-induced VSMC inflammation whereas that of the miR-486a-5p inhibitor promoted HG-induced VSMC inflammation, thereby leading to the amelioration of vascular inflammation in the diabetic mice. Furthermore, studies had shown that miR-486a-5p inhibited FOXO1 expression by directly targeting its 3'-UTR. In conclusion, Sal B alleviates the inflammatory response of VSMC by upregulating miR-486a-5p and aggravating its inhibition of FOXO1 expression. Sal B exerts a significant anti-inflammatory effect in HG-induced VSMC inflammation by modulating the miR-486a-5p/FOXO1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Man-Na Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xuan Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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Zhu M, Liu Y, Chen C, Chen H, Ni W, Song Y, Lv B, Hua F, Cui G, Zhang Z. TLR4/Rac1/NLRP3 Pathway Mediates Amyloid-β-Induced Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:911-925. [PMID: 38728187 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation plays a crucial part in the initial onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). NLRP3 inflammasome was demonstrated to get involved in amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neuroinflammation. However, the mechanism of Aβ-triggered activation of NLRP3 inflammasome remains poorly understood. Objective Based on our previous data, the study aimed to identify the downstream signals that bridge the activation of TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome associated with Aβ. Methods BV-2 cells were transfected with TLR4siRNA or pretreated with a CLI-095 or NSC23766, followed by Aβ1-42 treatment. APP/PS1 mice were injected intraperitoneally with CLI-095 or NSC23766. NLRP3 inflammasome and microglia activation was detected with immunostaining and western blot. G-LISA and Rac1 pull-down activation test were performed to investigate the activation of Rac1. Real-time PCR and ELISA were used to detect the inflammatory cytokines. Aβ plaques were assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Morris water maze test was conducted to determine the spatial memory in mice. Results Rac1 and NLRP3 inflammasome were activated by Aβ in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Inhibition of TLR4 reduced the activity of Rac1 and NLRP3 inflammasome induced by Aβ1-42. Furthermore, inhibition of Rac1 blocked NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by TLR4. Blocking the pathway by CLI095 or NSC23766 suppressed Aβ1-42-triggered activation of microglia, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and ameliorated the cognition deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that TLR4/Rac1/NLRP3 pathway mediated Aβ-induced neuroinflammation, which unveiled a novel pathway and key contributors underlying the pathogenic mechanism of Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Zhu
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an People's hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wanyan Ni
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanjian Song
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bingchen Lv
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fang Hua
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guiyun Cui
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zuohui Zhang
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Zuo YF, Zhang BH, Guo MR, Li BB, Wang BC, Duan D, Wang YX, Xi J, He M, Sun TL. HFD-exacerbated Metabolic Side Effects of Olanzapine Are Suppressed by ER Stress Inhibitor. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:1116-1132. [PMID: 38079053 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous schizophrenic patients are suffering from obesity primarily attributed to antipsychotic medication and poor dietary habits. This study investigated the progressive deterioration of olanzapine-induced metabolic disorders in the presence of a high-fat diet (HFD) and explored the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats fed on a standard chow diet or HFD were treated with olanzapine (3 mg/kg/day) and the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA, 1 and 0.5 g/kg/day) for 8 days. Changes in body weight, food intake, and plasma lipids were assessed. Hepatic fat accumulation was evaluated using oil red O staining. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were employed to examine the expression of ER stress markers, NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the hypothalamus or liver. RESULTS Compared to olanzapine alone, olanzapine+HFD induced greater weight gain, increased hyperlipidemia, and enhanced hepatic fat accumulation (P<0.05). Co-treatment with 4-PBA exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of these effects (P<0.05). Further mechanistic investigations revealed that olanzapine alone activated ER stress, upregulated NLRP3 expression in the hypothalamus and liver, and downregulated hypothalamic POMC expression. The HFD exacerbated these effects by 50%-100%. Moreover, co-administration of 4-PBA dose-dependently attenuated the olanzapine+HFD-induced alterations in ER stress, NLRP3, and POMC expression in the hypothalamus and liver (P<0.05). CONCLUSION HFD worsened olanzapine-induced weight gain and lipid metabolic disorders, possibly through ER stress-POMC and ER stress-NLRP3 signaling. ER stress inhibitors could be effective in preventing olanzapine+HFD-induced metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Zuo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bao-Hua Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ming-Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ben-Ben Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bao-Cui Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Deng Duan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xin Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Xi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Tao-Lei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhao Y, Liu X, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Yang G. Salvianolic acid B exerts protective effects against Aβ-induced neuroinflammation through the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and switching of M1/M2 polarization. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102260. [PMID: 37913602 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvianolic acid B (SalB) is a bioactive extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza with the ability to ameliorate amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced neuronal degeneration and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms of this action have not been elucidated. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether the neuroprotective effect of SalB is attributable to the modulation of microglial polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation. METHODS Based on the TMT-labeled proteomics analysis, immunofluorescence, western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were employed to investigate the effects of SalB on neuroinflammation in Aβ1-42-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. RESULTS At the proteomic level, a total of 6631 proteins were quantified, and of these, 104 were significantly influenced under Aβ1-42 treatment. The expression of 36 Aβ1-42-induced differentially expressed proteins were significantly recovered by SalB treatment (13 upregulated and 23 downregulated). NLRP3 was significantly recovered and was identified as one of the hub proteins. Consistent with the result of the proteomic analysis, western blot and qRT-PCR demonstrated that SalB reduced Aβ1-42-induced NLRP3 upregulation at both the protein and mRNA levels. In addition, SalB significantly blocked M1 microglia polarization, enhanced M2 microglial polarization, and inhibited the production of caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in BV2 microglia cells. CONCLUSION our study demonstrated, for the first time, that the anti-inflammatory effects of SalB were mediated by the regulation of NLRP3 activation and promotion of microglial M2 polarization, indicating the potential of SalB as a novel therapeutic candidate for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Guofeng Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
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Zhao Y, Shao C, Zhou H, Yu L, Bao Y, Mao Q, Yang J, Wan H. Salvianolic acid B inhibits atherosclerosis and TNF-α-induced inflammation by regulating NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155002. [PMID: 37572566 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is critical in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis (AS). The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on AS and to explore the molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS In vivo studies, LDLR-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks to establish an AS model to evaluate the protective effect of Sal B on the development of AS. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were determined in the blood serum. En face and cross section lipid deposits were measured and quantified with Oil Red O staining. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining were used to quantify atherosclerotic plaque size and collagen fiber content in aortic root sections. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in aortic root using dihydroethylenediamine (DHE) staining. Apoptosis rate was determined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was used to detect the expression of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). To further investigate the protective effect of Sal B, we used TNF-α induced HUVECs inflammation model. We examined cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content, and ROS production. The transcription of NF-κB was evaluated by immunofluorescence. The mRNA levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β were detected by RT-PCR. Pyroptosis related proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS The change in the weight of the mice over time was an indication that Sal B had an effect on weight gain. IN VIVO STUDIES we were able to show that the serum lipids TC, TG and LDL-C were increased in the model group and that the treatment with Sal B reduced the levels of serum lipids. Histological staining showed that the LDLR-/- mice had a large amount of foam cell deposition accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in theMOD group. The pathological abnormalities were significantly improved by Sal B treatment. ROS release and apoptosis were significantly increased after HFD in aortic root, which was attenuated by Sal B. IF results showed that the expression of NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 was significantly increased in the MOD group and significantly decreased in the Sal B group, suggesting that Sal B may act through the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. And in vitro studies: inflammatory damage of HUEVCs was induced by TNF-α, and Sal B treatmented significantly increased cell viability and reduced LDH release. It was also found that Sal B inhibited ROS level increase after TNF-α-induced HUEVCs. Activation of NF-κB p65 by TNF-α stimulation, NF-κB p65 is transferred to the nucleus. Sal B treatment could reverse this effect. RT-PCR and Western blot showed that Sal B affected NF-κB transcription and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and could significantly inhibit TNF-α-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These results suggest that Sal B may participate in antiatherosclerotic and inflammatory responses through the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that Sal B ameliorates the development of AS lesions in HFD-induced LDLR-/- mice. Furthermore, under TNF-α conditions, Sal B reduced ROS release and reversed nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and inhibited atherosclerosis and inflammation by modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhao
- College of Life Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Chongyu Shao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Yu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yida Bao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qianping Mao
- College of Life Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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He G, Chen G, Liu W, Ye D, Liu X, Liang X, Song J. Salvianolic Acid B: A Review of Pharmacological Effects, Safety, Combination Therapy, New Dosage Forms, and Novel Drug Delivery Routes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2235. [PMID: 37765204 PMCID: PMC10538146 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B is extracted from the roots and rhizomes of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., family Labiatae). It is a water-soluble, weakly acidic drug that has demonstrated antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects on various organs and tissues such as the lung, heart, kidney, intestine, bone, liver, and skin and protective effects in diseases such as depression and spinal cord injury. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of salvianolic acid B are mainly related to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti- or pro-apoptotic, anti- or pro-autophagy, anti-fibrotic, and metabolism-regulating functions. Salvianolic acid B can regulate various signaling pathways, cells, and molecules to achieve maximum therapeutic effects. This review summarizes the safety profile, combination therapy potential, and new dosage forms and delivery routes of salvianolic acid B. Although significant research progress has been made, more in-depth pharmacological studies are warranted to identify the mechanism of action, related signaling pathways, more suitable combination drugs, more effective dosage forms, and novel routes of administration of salvianolic acid B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan He
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Guangfeng Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
| | - Weidong Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dongxue Ye
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Xuehuan Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Jing Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
- Shandong Yuze Pharmaceutical Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Dezhou 251200, China
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Xia D, Yuan J, Wu D, Dai H, Zhuang Z. Salvianolic acid B ameliorates neuroinflammation and neuronal injury via blocking NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting SIRT1 in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159958. [PMID: 37564636 PMCID: PMC10410262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated immuno-inflammatory response plays a critical role in exacerbating early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Salvianolic acid B (SalB) has previously been shown to suppress neuroinflammatory responses in many disorders. Meanwhile, a previous study has demonstrated that SalB mitigated oxidative damage and neuronal degeneration in a prechiasmatic injection model of SAH. However, the therapeutic potential of SalB on immuno-inflammatory responses after SAH remains unclear. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic effects of SalB on neuroinflammatory responses in an endovascular perforation SAH model. We observed that SalB ameliorated SAH-induced functional deficits. Additionally, SalB significantly mitigated microglial activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines release, and neuronal injury. Mechanistically, SalB inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression after SAH. Administration of EX527, an inhibitor of SIRT1, abrogated the anti-inflammatory effects of SalB against SAH and further induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In contrast, MCC950, a potent and selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, reversed the detrimental effects of SIRT1 inhibition by EX527 on EBI. These results indicated that SalB effectively repressed neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage after SAH. The action of SalB appeared to be mediated by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting SIRT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Xia
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Jinlong Yuan
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Degang Wu
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Chen Q, He J, Liu H, Huang Q, Wang S, Yin A, Chen S, Shen X, Xiao Y, Hu H, Jiang J, Chen W, Wang S, Huang Z, Li J, Peng Y, Wang X, Yang X, Wang Z, Zhong M. Small extracellular vesicles-transported lncRNA TDRKH-AS1 derived from AOPPs-treated trophoblasts initiates endothelial cells pyroptosis through PDIA4/DDIT4 axis in preeclampsia. J Transl Med 2023; 21:496. [PMID: 37488572 PMCID: PMC10364420 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress placenta and endothelial injury are considered to inextricably critical events in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). Systemic inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction are induced by the circulating factors released from oxidative stress placentae. As a novel biomarker of oxidative stress, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) levels are strongly correlated with PE characteristics. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of factors is still largely unknown. METHODS With the exponential knowledge on the importance of placenta-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs), we carried out lncRNA transcriptome profiling on small EVs (sEVs) secreted from AOPPs-treated trophoblast cells and identified upregulated lncRNA TDRKH-AS1 as a potentially causative factor for PE. We isolated and characterized sEVs from plasma and trophoblast cells by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blotting. The expression and correlation of lncRNA TDRKH-AS1 were evaluated using qRT-PCR in plasmatic sEVs and placentae from patients. Pregnant mice injected with TDRKH-AS1-riched trophoblast sEVs was performed to detect the TDRKH-AS1 function in vivo. To investigate the potential effect of sEVs-derived TDRKH-AS1 on endothelial function in vitro, transcriptome sequencing, scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), immunofluorescence, ELISA and western blotting were conducted in HUVECs. RNA pulldown, mass spectrometry, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were used to reveal the latent mechanism of TDRKH-AS1 on endothelial injury. RESULTS The expression level of TDRKH-AS1 was significantly increased in plasmatic sEVs and placentae from patients, and elevated TDRKH-AS1 in plasmatic sEVs was positively correlated with clinical severity of the patients. Moreover, pregnant mice injected with TDRKH-AS1-riched trophoblast sEVs exhibited a hallmark feature of PE with increased blood pressure and systemic inflammatory responses. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is involved in the development of PE. Indeed, our in vitro study indicated that sEVs-derived TDRKH-AS1 secreted from AOPPs-induced trophoblast elevated DDIT4 expression levels to trigger inflammatory response of pyroptosis in endothelial cells through interacting with PDIA4. CONCLUSIONS Herein, results in the present study supported that TDRKH-AS1 in sEVs isolated from oxidative stress trophoblast may be implicated in the pathogenesis of PE via inducing pyroptosis and aggravating endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiexing He
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haihua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qiuyu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuoshi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Ailan Yin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University 1st Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Xinyang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanxuan Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haoyue Hu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiayi Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhenqin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - You Peng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaocong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xinping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Mei Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Alves-Silva JM, Pedreiro S, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Figueirinha A, Salgueiro L. Effect of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. on Inflammation, Senescence and Cell Migration. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081930. [PMID: 37111149 PMCID: PMC10146686 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic plants are reported to display pharmacological properties, including anti-aging. This work aims to disclose the anti-aging effect of the essential oil (EO) of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav., an aromatic and medicinal plant widely used as a spice, as well as of the hydrodistillation residual water (HRW), a discarded by-product of EO hydrodistillation. The phytochemical characterization of EO and HRW was assessed by GC-MS and HPLC-PDA-ESI-MSn, respectively. The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to disclose the antioxidant properties. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages by assessing NO production, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β protein levels. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch wound assay, and the etoposide-induced senescence was used to assess the modulation of senescence. The EO is mainly characterized by carvacrol, while the HRW is predominantly characterized by rosmarinic acid. The HRW exerts a stronger antioxidant effect in the DPPH and FRAP assays, whereas the EO was the most active sample in the ABTS assay. Both extracts reduce NO, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β. The EO has no effect on cell migration and presents anti-senescence effects. In opposition, HRW reduces cell migration and induces cellular senescence. Overall, our study highlights interesting pharmacological properties for both extracts, EO being of interest as an anti-aging ingredient and HRW relevant in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Alves-Silva
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pedreiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Wang T, Xu H, Dong R, Wu S, Guo Y, Wang D. Effectiveness of targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome by using natural polyphenols: A systematic review of implications on health effects. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112567. [PMID: 36869555 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, inflammation and metabolic disorders pose serious public health problems and are major health concerns. It has been shown that natural polyphenols are effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases, including anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, neuron-protection, and cardio-protection. NLRP3 inflammasome, which are multiprotein complexes located within the cytosol, play an important role in the innate immune system. However, aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome were discovered as essential molecular mechanisms in triggering inflammatory processes as well as implicating it in several major metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis or cardiovascular disease. Recent studies indicate that natural polyphenols can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this review, the progress of natural polyphenols preventing inflammation and metabolic disorders via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome is systemically summarized. From the viewpoint of interfering NLRP3 inflammasome activation, the health effects of natural polyphenols are explained. Recent advances in other beneficial effects, clinical trials, and nano-delivery systems for targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are also reviewed. NLRP3 inflammasome is targeted by natural polyphenols to exert multiple health effects, which broadens the understanding of polyphenol mechanisms and provides valuable guidance to new researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212000 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong Xu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ruixia Dong
- College of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, 211169 Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hanzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Guo
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China.
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Wang J, Liu YM, Hu J, Chen C. Trained immunity in monocyte/macrophage: Novel mechanism of phytochemicals in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1109576. [PMID: 36895942 PMCID: PMC9989041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1109576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the pathology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), characterized by persistent chronic inflammation in the vessel wall, in which monocytes/macrophages play a key role. It has been reported that innate immune system cells can assume a persistent proinflammatory state after short stimulation with endogenous atherogenic stimuli. The pathogenesis of AS can be influenced by this persistent hyperactivation of the innate immune system, which is termed trained immunity. Trained immunity has also been implicated as a key pathological mechanism, leading to persistent chronic inflammation in AS. Trained immunity is mediated via epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming and occurs in mature innate immune cells and their bone marrow progenitors. Natural products are promising candidates for novel pharmacological agents that can be used to prevent or treat cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A variety of natural products and agents exhibiting antiatherosclerotic abilities have been reported to potentially interfere with the pharmacological targets of trained immunity. This review describes in as much detail as possible the mechanisms involved in trained immunity and how phytochemicals of this process inhibit AS by affecting trained monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Mei Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
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Xu XD, Chen JX, Zhu L, Xu ST, Jiang J, Ren K. The emerging role of pyroptosis-related inflammasome pathway in atherosclerosis. Mol Med 2022; 28:160. [PMID: 36544112 PMCID: PMC9773468 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic sterile inflammatory disorder, is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The dysfunction and unnatural death of plaque cells, including vascular endothelial cells (VEC), macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), are crucial factors in the progression of AS. Pyroptosis was described as a form of cell death at least two decades ago. It is featured by plasma membrane swelling and rupture, cell lysis, and consequent robust release of cytosolic contents and pro-inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Pyroptosis of plaque cells is commonly observed in the initiation and development of AS, and the levels of pyroptosis-related proteins are positively correlated with plaque instability, indicating the crucial contribution of pyroptosis to atherogenesis. Furthermore, studies have also identified some candidate anti-atherogenic agents targeting plaque cell pyroptosis. Herein, we summarize the research progress in understating (1) the discovery and definition of pyroptosis; (2) the characterization and molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis; (3) the regulatory mechanisms of pyroptosis in VEC, macrophage, and VSMC, as well as their potential role in AS progression, aimed at providing therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Xu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xian Chen
- grid.443397.e0000 0004 0368 7493Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- grid.252251.30000 0004 1757 8247College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012 Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ting Xu
- grid.411971.b0000 0000 9558 1426Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Jiang
- grid.443397.e0000 0004 0368 7493Department of Organ Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Ren
- grid.252251.30000 0004 1757 8247College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012 Anhui People’s Republic of China ,grid.443397.e0000 0004 0368 7493Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100 Hainan People’s Republic of China
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Naringenin Alleviates Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing ER Stress-Induced Pyroptosis and Apoptosis through Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5992436. [PMID: 36262286 PMCID: PMC9576412 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5992436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, pyroptosis, and apoptosis are critical molecular events in the occurrence and progress of renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Naringenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone) is one of the most widely consumed flavonoids with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, whether naringenin is able to relieve renal I/R injury and corresponding mechanisms have not been fully clarified. This study was aimed at exploring its role and relevant mechanisms in renal I/R injury. The C57Bl/6 mice were randomly assigned to receive administration with naringenin (50 mg/kg/d) or sterile saline (1.0 mL/d) for 3 d by gavage and suffered from renal I/R surgery. One specific ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA, 100 mg/kg/d), was intraperitoneally administered to validate the regulation of ER stress on pyroptosis and apoptosis. Cultured HK-2 cells went through the process of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to perform cellular experiments with the incubation of naringenin (200 μM), 4-PBA (5 mM), or brusatol (400 nM). The animal results verified that naringenin obviously relieved renal I/R injury, while it refined renal function and attenuated tissue structural damage. Furthermore, naringenin treatment inhibited I/R-induced ER stress as well as pyroptosis and apoptosis as indicated by decreased levels of specific biomarkers such as GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-11, caspase-4, caspase-1, IL-1β, GSDMD-N, BAX, and cleaved caspase-3 in animals and HK-2 cells. Besides, the upregulated expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins after naringenin treatment suggested that naringenin activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, which was again authenticated by the usage of brusatol (Bru), one unique inhibitor of the Nrf2 pathway. Importantly, the application of 4-PBA showed that renal I/R-generated pyroptosis and apoptosis were able to be regulated by ER stress in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, naringenin suppressed ER stress by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and further alleviated pyroptosis and apoptosis to protect renal against I/R injury.
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20
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Han R, Huang H, Xia W, Liu J, Luo H, Tang J, Xia Z. Perspectives for Forkhead box transcription factors in diabetic cardiomyopathy: Their therapeutic potential and possible effects of salvianolic acids. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:951597. [PMID: 36035917 PMCID: PMC9403618 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.951597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic cardiovascular complications, which initially manifests as cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, dysfunctional remodeling, and diastolic dysfunction, followed by systolic dysfunction, and eventually end with acute heart failure. Molecular mechanisms underlying these pathological changes in diabetic hearts are complicated and multifactorial, including but not limited to insulin resistance, oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, cardiomyocytes apoptosis or autophagy, inflammatory response, and myocardial metabolic dysfunction. With the development of molecular biology technology, accumulating evidence illustrates that members of the class O of Forkhead box (FoxO) transcription factors are vital for maintaining cardiomyocyte metabolism and cell survival, and the functions of the FoxO family proteins can be modulated by a wide variety of post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, arginine methylation, and O-glycosylation. In this review, we highlight and summarize the most recent advances in two members of the FoxO family (predominately FoxO1 and FoxO3a) that are abundantly expressed in cardiac tissue and whose levels of gene and protein expressions change as DCM progresses, with the goal of providing valuable insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications and discussing their therapeutic potential and possible effects of salvianolic acids, a natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hemeng Huang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Univerisity of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiyi Xia,
| | - Jingjin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Zhengyuan Xia,
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