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Yahyazadeh R, Baradaran Rahimi V, Ahmad Mohajeri S, Iranshahy M, Hasanpour M, Askari VR. Intra-peritoneal lavage of Zingiber officinale rhizome and its active constituent gingerol impede inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis following post-operative peritoneal adhesion in male rats. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102092. [PMID: 38737808 PMCID: PMC11087237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-operative peritoneal adhesions (PA) are a common and important clinical problem. In this study, we focused on the ameliorative efficacy of ginger and gingerol compounds on surgical-induced peritoneal adhesion, and their strategies that disrupted the PA formation pathways to suppress their incidence. First, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was established to separate and identify several chemical groups of ginger rhizome extract. In the next steps, male Wistar albino rats were randomly selected and divided into various groups, namely sham, control, ginger extract (0.6, 1.8, 5 %w/v), and gingerol (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 %w/v). Finally, we investigated the macroscopic parameters such as wound healing, body weight as well as spleen height and weight. In addition, visual peritoneal adhesion assessment was performed via Nair et al and Adhesion Scoring Scheme. Moreover, the microscopic parameters and biological assessment was performed via and immunoassays. The present findings revealed significant improvement in wound healing and reduction of the adhesion range, as Nair et al. and Adhesion Scoring Scheme scoring, in both the ginger and gingerol groups compared to the PA group (P < 0.05). Whereas, gingerol (0.3 % w/v) was able to increase the body weight in rats (P < 0.0001) at end stage of experiment. Also, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis were significantly decreased due to the downregulation of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), respectively, in the ginger and gingerol groups compared to the PA group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the levels of IL-10 were increased in the ginger and gingerol groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Our results proved that ginger rhizome and gingerol, as novel therapeutic compounds, could be used to prevent PA for their beneficial anti-inflammatory as well as anti-fibrosis properties in clinical trials. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of ginger and gingerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Yahyazadeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sahu U, Chauhan NS, Parihar AKS, Karbhal KS, Inchulkar SR, Gupta PK, Singh RK. Development of Simultaneous HPTLC Method and Validation for the Quality Assessment of Ayurvedic Formulation-Ayush Kvatha Churna by Using Marker Compound Rosmarinic Acid, Trans-Cinnamaldehyde and Piperine. J Chromatogr Sci 2024:bmae019. [PMID: 38706309 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Ayurveda emphasizes the propagation of nature in maintaining health. In the present scenario, we have seen the faith of people in herbal drugs during the Covid 19 outbreak. The raises in the number of peoples have been using herbal drugs to boost immunity against infectious diseases shows the popularity of this ancient system of medicine. The standardization of Ayush Kvatha Churna (AKC), work set out to establish a straightforward, accurate and sensitive HPTLC method for the identification and quantification of marker compounds. The Rosmarinic acid, trans-Cinnamaldehyde and Piperine were used for the estimation of markers in Ayush Kvatha Churna by using HPTLC with a solvent system, consisting of Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Ethyl alcohol: Formic acid (5.6:2.4:2: 0.3 v/v/v/v). The Rf value 0.33 for Rosmarinic Acid, 0.69 for Piperine and 0.77 for trans-Cinnamaldehyde was observed and it is exactly complying with the corresponding bands in Ayush Kvatha Churna. The technique has been effectively verified and validated, enabling it to be used for the standardization or quantitative analysis of Rosmarinic acid, trans-Cinnamaldehyde and piperine in Ayush Kvatha Churna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Sahu
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
- Department of Medical education, Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra, Raipur, G.E. Road, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Nagendra Singh Chauhan
- Department of Medical education, Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra, Raipur, G.E. Road, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Arun Kumar Singh Parihar
- Department of Medical education, Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra, Raipur, G.E. Road, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | | | - Shrikant R Inchulkar
- Shri NPA Government Ayurvedic College, Raipur, G.E. Road, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Gupta
- Department of Kaumarabhritya, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Mathura Road, Gautam Puri Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, Delhi 110076, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Shri NPA Government Ayurvedic College, Raipur, G.E. Road, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
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Su S, Hou C, Tang Q. Inhibition of chemokine receptor CXCR2 attenuates postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation. Surgery 2024; 175:1081-1088. [PMID: 38281854 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative peritoneal adhesions remain a problem after general and gynecological surgery. METHODS Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining of ischemic buttons were performed 6, 12, 24 hours, and 7 days after button induction. Scanning electron microscopy, ribonucleic acid sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical staining, and flow cytometry were used to elucidate the pathophysiology of postoperative peritoneal adhesions. RESULTS The results showed that thickening of the peritoneum and abscission of mesothelial cells and collagen fibers increased significantly on the surface of the "button" in the control groups at 24 hours postoperatively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a large number of granulocytes on the button surface in the control group at 24 hours. Ribonucleic acid sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction also revealed that CXCR2 expression was significantly upregulated. In addition, danirixin, a CXCR2 inhibitor, reduced abdominal adhesion in the injured area by inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen production. Immunohistochemical staining showed decreased expression of CXCR2 in the adhesion area 7 days after surgery in the treatment group. Flow cytometry showed a significantly decreased neutrophil ratio in the treatment group compared with that in the control group 24 hours after the operation. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation plays an important role in the early stages of postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation, whereas collagen fibers and angiogenesis play important roles in the late stages. The CXCL2-CXCL3-CXCR2 signaling axis is an important link in the mechanism of postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation, and the application of CXCR2 inhibitors can alleviate the formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyu Hou
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Qinqing Tang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China.
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Shamsabadi S, Nazer Y, Ghasemi J, Mahzoon E, Baradaran Rahimi V, Ajiboye BO, Askari VR. Promising influences of zingerone against natural and chemical toxins: A comprehensive and mechanistic review. Toxicon 2023; 233:107247. [PMID: 37562703 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Zingerone is a flavor phytochemical present in ginger, a flowering plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family used as a condiment and herbal remedy. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties and also exhibits protective effects against radiation, chemicals, biological toxins, and oxidative stress. The current comprehensive literature review was performed in order to assess the therapeutical and protective properties of zingerone against various chemical and natural toxins by considering the mechanisms of action. Extensive searches were performed on Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Zingerone lessens oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). It prevents alginate production, which increases the cell's susceptibility to macrophages, serum, and antibiotics and dramatically lowers the generation of proinflammatory cytokines brought on by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cytokine production, MAPK, and NF-κB activation are all inhibited dose-dependently by zingerone. Zingerone also reduces 8-OHdG over-expression in the liver tissue and the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-6, COX-2, TNF-α, and iNOS mRNA level), decreases macrophage inflammatory protein cytokines and eliminates free radicals. It also suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 during tumor progression, showing its anti-angiogenic activity. Strong radioprotective properties of zingerone are demonstrated against radiation-induced toxicity. The authors hope this review gives researchers some insight into conducting novel clinical and preclinical studies on pharmaceutical applications and the efficiency of zingerone in cancer treatment, and drug adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yazdan Nazer
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Ghasemi
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Erfan Mahzoon
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Basiru O Ajiboye
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, S.E Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, 360001, Nigeria; Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Oye, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yuandani, Jantan I, Haque MA, Rohani AS, Nugraha SE, Salim E, Septama AW, Juwita NA, Khairunnisa NA, Nasution HR, Utami DS, Ibrahim S. Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1222195. [PMID: 37533631 PMCID: PMC10391552 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1222195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Numerous studies on the modulating effects of plants and their bioactive compounds on the different steps of the immune system have been documented. This review aimed to highlight up-to-date research findings and critically analyze the modulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of several Zingiber and Alpinia species, namely, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Z. cassumunar Roxb., Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Alpinia galanga Linn., A. conchigera Griff, A. katsumadai Hayata, A. oxyphylla Miq., A. officinarum Hance, A. zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith, and A. purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum. on the immune system, particularly via the inflammation-related signaling pathways. The immunomodulating activities of the crude extracts of the plants have been reported, but the constituents contributing to the activities have mostly not been identified. Among the extracts, Z. officinale extracts were the most investigated for their in vitro, in vivo, and clinical effects on the immune system. Among the bioactive metabolites, 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols, 6-shogaol, and zerumbone from Zingiber species and cardamomin, 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate, yakuchinone, rutin, 1,8-cineole, and lectin from Alpinia species have demonstrated strong immunomodulating effects. More experimental studies using cell and animal models of immune-related disorders are necessary to further understand the underlying mechanisms, together with elaborate preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity studies. Many of these extracts and secondary metabolites are potential candidates for clinical development in immunomodulating agents or functional foods to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Centre of Excellence for Chitosan and Advanced Materials, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md. Areeful Haque
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ade Sri Rohani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sony Eka Nugraha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Wira Septama
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Nur Aira Juwita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Dinda Sari Utami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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