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Yuandani, Jantan I, Salim E, Septama AW, Rullah K, Nainu F, Fasihi Mohd Aluwi MF, Emran TB, Roney M, Khairunnisa NA, Nasution HR, Fadhil As'ad M, Shamsudin NF, Abdullah MA, Marwa Rani HL, Al Chaira DM, Aulia N. Mechanistic insights into anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of plant secondary metabolites and their therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38600726 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities of plant secondary metabolites are due to their diverse mechanisms of action against multifarious molecular targets such as modulation of the complex immune system associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This review discussed and critically analyzed the potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of several phytochemicals and their underlying mechanisms in association with RA in experimental studies, including preliminary clinical studies of some of them. A wide range of phytochemicals including phenols, flavonoids, chalcones, xanthones, terpenoids, alkaloids, and glycosides have shown significant immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities in experimental RA models and a few have undergone clinical trials for their efficacy and safety in reducing RA symptoms and improve patient outcomes. These phytochemicals have potential as safer alternatives to the existing drugs in the management of RA, which possess a wide range of serious side effects. Sufficient preclinical studies on safety and efficacy of these phytochemicals must be performed prior to proper clinical studies. Further studies are needed to address the barriers that have so far limited their human use before the therapeutic potential of these plant-based chemicals as anti-arthritic agents in the treatment of RA is fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Centre of Excellence for Chitosan and Advanced Materials, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Emil Salim
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Wira Septama
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia
| | - Kamal Rullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | - Talhah Bin Emran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aini Khairunnisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Halimah Raina Nasution
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Muh Fadhil As'ad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Pelamonia Health Sciences Institute, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Nur Farisya Shamsudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Aisyah Abdullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Haya Luthfiyyah Marwa Rani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Diany Mahabbah Al Chaira
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Nabila Aulia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical/Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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Jocelyn, Nasution FM, Nasution NA, Asshiddiqi MH, Kimura NH, Siburian MHT, Rusdi ZYN, Munthe AR, Chairenza I, Ginting Munthe MCFB, Sianipar P, Gultom SP, Simamora D, Uswanas IR, Salim E, Khairunnisa K, Syahputra RA. HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1298297. [PMID: 38420030 PMCID: PMC10899510 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV/AIDS is still a major worldwide health concern, and Indonesia is making efforts to mitigate its effects. Antiretroviral therapy (ARV), which aims to decrease viral replication, boost immunological function, and lengthen the lifespans of persons living with HIV/AIDS, is the cornerstone of Indonesia's strategy. The availability of ARV has significantly increased, yet problems including stigma and the requirement for regular medication adherence still exist. To address the broader needs of those affected by HIV/AIDS, Indonesia lays a major focus on comprehensive care, which includes mental health and social support, in addition to ARV. Data show that, despite progress, there is still a stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS, which affects patient outcomes and access to care. With vigorous research into cutting-edge antiretroviral medications and treatment techniques, Indonesia has a thriving future therapeutic landscape. The goals of these programs are to increase treatment effectiveness, decrease side effects, and increase access to cutting-edge treatments. Preventive methods, such as PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), are making progress, and efforts to find a cure are gaining prominence. Notably, HIV/AIDS management plan of Indonesia heavily relies on natural remedies. Patient care incorporates traditional Indonesian medicine, such as jamu and several herbal medicines. Although there is little scientific proof to support the effectiveness of these herbal remedies, complementary and alternative therapies frequently employ them to manage symptoms and promote general wellness. In terms of the 95-95-95 targets, Indonesia is making an effort to comply with these international goals by seeking to diagnose 95% of HIV-positive individuals, provide sustained ARV to 95% of those diagnosed, and achieve viral suppression in 95% of ARV recipients. Although there are gaps in reaching these aims, progress is being made, in part because of the aforementioned challenges. In summary, Indonesia employs a multimodal approach to HIV/AIDS management, including traditional herbal cures, continuous research into cutting-edge treatments, and conventional ARV. In order to enhance overall health outcomes and create a healthier society, the future of HIV/AIDS treatment in Indonesia is concentrated on expanding therapeutic alternatives, reaching the 95-95-95 targets, decreasing stigma, and improving access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
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Yuandani, Jantan I, Haque MA, Rohani AS, Nugraha SE, Salim E, Septama AW, Juwita NA, Khairunnisa NA, Nasution HR, Utami DS, Ibrahim S. Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1222195. [PMID: 37533631 PMCID: PMC10391552 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1222195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Numerous studies on the modulating effects of plants and their bioactive compounds on the different steps of the immune system have been documented. This review aimed to highlight up-to-date research findings and critically analyze the modulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of several Zingiber and Alpinia species, namely, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Z. cassumunar Roxb., Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Alpinia galanga Linn., A. conchigera Griff, A. katsumadai Hayata, A. oxyphylla Miq., A. officinarum Hance, A. zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith, and A. purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum. on the immune system, particularly via the inflammation-related signaling pathways. The immunomodulating activities of the crude extracts of the plants have been reported, but the constituents contributing to the activities have mostly not been identified. Among the extracts, Z. officinale extracts were the most investigated for their in vitro, in vivo, and clinical effects on the immune system. Among the bioactive metabolites, 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols, 6-shogaol, and zerumbone from Zingiber species and cardamomin, 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate, yakuchinone, rutin, 1,8-cineole, and lectin from Alpinia species have demonstrated strong immunomodulating effects. More experimental studies using cell and animal models of immune-related disorders are necessary to further understand the underlying mechanisms, together with elaborate preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity studies. Many of these extracts and secondary metabolites are potential candidates for clinical development in immunomodulating agents or functional foods to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Centre of Excellence for Chitosan and Advanced Materials, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md. Areeful Haque
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ade Sri Rohani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sony Eka Nugraha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Wira Septama
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Nur Aira Juwita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Dinda Sari Utami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Nainu F, Frediansyah A, Salim E, Chandran D, Dhama K, Rabaan AA, Harapan H, Emran TB. Immunopharmacological considerations of general anaesthetics for surgical procedures in the times of COVID-19: Correspondence. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:2232-2236. [PMID: 37228990 PMCID: PMC10205195 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar
| | | | - Emil Salim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit
- Department of Microbiology
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Magdy A, El-Shaer A, El-Farrash AH, Salim E. Influence of corona poling on ZnO properties as n-type layer for optoelectronic devices. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21489. [PMID: 36509908 PMCID: PMC9744748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona poling effects on optical and structural characteristics of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique were investigated. Atomic force microscope study showed the formation of pyramidal grains structure on the Corona-treated surface. The green-yellow photoluminescence peak centered at 2.36 eV and correlated to the antisite oxygen OZn defect, was found to decrease. X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated that the Corona treatment enhanced the polycrystalline nature and increased the grain sizes of the ZnO thin films, which was also beneficial for electron transport. The role of the surface roughness of the ZnO thin film as electron transport layer in determining the photovoltaic effect of the inverted solar cells (ISCs) was examined by fabricating ISCs based on P3HT/PC61BM. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) obtained from these fabricated ISCs increased from 3.05 to 3.34%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Magdy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - A El-Shaer
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - A H El-Farrash
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - E Salim
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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6
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Salim E, Hany W, Elshahawy AG, Oraby AH. Investigation on optical, structural and electrical properties of solid-state polymer nanocomposites electrolyte incorporated with Ag nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21201. [PMID: 36481775 PMCID: PMC9732284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A solid polymer electrolyte based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyethylene 3,4-dioxythiophene: sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been prepared with various concentrations of incorporated silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) by using solution cast approach. The FTIR spectroscopic study revealed the complexation between the polymeric nanocomposite (PNC) and the Ag NPs. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results infer that the semicrystalline phase of PNC decreases as the amount of incorporated Ag NPs increases. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) image revealed that Ag NPs have diameters ranging from 22 to 43 nm. Complex dielectric permittivity and alternating current (AC) electrical conductivity of nanocomposite films have been investigated in the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 20 MHz at 30 °C. Dc conductivity ([Formula: see text]) values for the nanocomposite films are estimated from AC conductivity plots. The [Formula: see text] value was observed to increase from 1.98 × 10-9 to 2.29 × 10-7 S.cm-1 for the PNC system incorporated with optimal Ag NPs. From complex impedance (Z*) analysis, it has been found that the bulk electrical resistance (Rb) of the PNC films decreases with increasing the Ag NPs content. Therefore, these obtained PNC films have promising applications in energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Salim
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Wessam Hany
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A G Elshahawy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A H Oraby
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Pratomo AR, Salim E, Hori A, Kuraishi T. Drosophila as an Animal Model for Testing Plant-Based Immunomodulators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314801. [PMID: 36499123 PMCID: PMC9735809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Allopathic medicines play a key role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. However, long-term consumption of these medicines may cause serious undesirable effects that harm human health. Plant-based medicines have emerged as alternatives to allopathic medicines because of their rare side effects. They contain several compounds that have the potential to improve health and treat diseases in humans, including their function as immunomodulators to treat immune-related diseases. Thus, the discovery of potent and safe immunomodulators from plants is gaining considerable research interest. Recently, Drosophila has gained prominence as a model organism in evaluating the efficacy of plant and plant-derived substances. Drosophila melanogaster "fruit fly" is a well-known, high-throughput model organism that has been used to study different biological aspects of development and diseases for more than 110 years. Most developmental and cell signaling pathways and 75% of human disease-related genes are conserved between humans and Drosophila. Using Drosophila, one can easily examine the pharmacological effects of plants/plant-derived components by employing a variety of tests in flies, such as survival, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cell death tests. This review focused on D. melanogaster's potential for identifying immunomodulatory features associated with plants/plant-derived components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Rizky Pratomo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Aki Hori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kuraishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
- JST-FOREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0081, Japan
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (T.K.)
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Suryati S, Santoni A, Arifin B, Ferdinal N, Salim E, Amelia A, Zein L, Mairanti S, Lestari IP. Analysis of Chemical Content, Cytotoxic and Anti-Bacterial Activity Essential Oil of Lantana Camara Linn Leaves from Various Regions. molekul 2022. [DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.5143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lantana camara Linn is a family of Verbenaceae that grows in tropical and subtropical areas and spread in about 50 countries in the world. This plant contains essential oils with different contents based on the difference in the place of growth. The purpose of this study was to isolate and determine the chemical content of the essential oil of L. camara Linn leaves obtained from Agam, Tanah Datar, Kampar Regency, Padang Panjang City and to determine its cytotoxic and antibacterial activity. Isolation was carried out by hydro distillation method and chemical content analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The high yield from the isolation of essential oil from leaves of L. camara Linn obtained from Tanah Datar Regency was 0.095% (w/w). The results of the analysis of the essential oil content with the main compounds for all Regency and City being caryophyllene with the high area percent was Tanah Datar Regency (19.74%). Cytotoxic activity test using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method showed that L. camara Linn essential oil was highly toxic with an LC50 value of 28.34 µg/mL from Padang Panjang City. Antibacterial activity test by disc diffusion method showed that L. camara Linn essential oil had moderate antibacterial activity againts Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria, with high clear zone from Agam Regency was 12.9 mm and Tanah Datar Regency was 7.8 mm, respectively, at concentration of 100%.
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Nainu F, Salim E, Emran TB, Sharma R. Drosophila melanogaster as a Versatile Model for Studying Medically Important Insect Vector-Borne Parasites. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:939813. [PMID: 35719344 PMCID: PMC9201246 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.939813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Firzan Nainu, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-4023
| | - Emil Salim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Sartini S, Permana AD, Mitra S, Tareq AM, Salim E, Ahmad I, Harapan H, Emran TB, Nainu F. Current State and Promising Opportunities on Pharmaceutical Approaches in the Treatment of Polymicrobial Diseases. Pathogens 2021; 10:245. [PMID: 33672615 PMCID: PMC7924209 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the emergence of newly identified acute and chronic infectious disorders caused by diverse combinations of pathogens, termed polymicrobial diseases, has had catastrophic consequences for humans. Antimicrobial agents have been clinically proven to be effective in the pharmacological treatment of polymicrobial diseases. Unfortunately, an increasing trend in the emergence of multi-drug-resistant pathogens and limited options for delivery of antimicrobial drugs might seriously impact humans' efforts to combat polymicrobial diseases in the coming decades. New antimicrobial agents with novel mechanism(s) of action and new pharmaceutical formulations or delivery systems to target infected sites are urgently required. In this review, we discuss the prospective use of novel antimicrobial compounds isolated from natural products to treat polymicrobial infections, mainly via mechanisms related to inhibition of biofilm formation. Drug-delivery systems developed to deliver antimicrobial compounds to both intracellular and extracellular pathogens are discussed. We further discuss the effectiveness of several biofilm-targeted delivery strategies to eliminate polymicrobial biofilms. At the end, we review the applications and promising opportunities for various drug-delivery systems, when compared to conventional antimicrobial therapy, as a pharmacological means to treat polymicrobial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sartini Sartini
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia; (S.S.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia; (S.S.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; or
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; or
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, North Sumatera 20155, Indonesia;
| | - Islamudin Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, East Kalimantan 75119, Indonesia;
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh;
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia; (S.S.); (A.D.P.)
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Masyita A, Salim E, Asri RM, Nainu F, Hori A, Yulianty R, Hatta M, Rifai Y, Kuraishi T. Molecular modeling and phenoloxidase inhibitory activity of arbutin and arbutin undecylenic acid ester. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 547:75-81. [PMID: 33610043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Excessive melanin formation has been linked to various skin disorders such as hyperpigmentation and skin cancer. Tyrosinase is the most prominent target for inhibitors of melanin production. In this study, we investigated whether arbutin and its prodrug, arbutin undecylenic acid ester, might inhibit phenoloxidase (PO), a tyrosinase-like enzyme. Molecular docking simulation results suggested that arbutin and arbutin undecylenic acid ester can bind to the substrate-binding pocket of PO. Arbutin undecylenic acid ester with an IC50 6.34 mM was effective to inhibit PO compared to arbutin (IC50 29.42 mM). In addition, arbutin undecylenic acid ester showed low cytotoxicity in Drosophila S2 cells and the compound inhibited the melanization reaction. Therefore, the results of this study have demonstrated that arbutin undecylenic acid ester as a potential inhibitor of PO. We successfully designed a new platform utilizing Drosophila melanogaster and Bombyx mori as animal models propounding fast, cheap, and high effectiveness in method to screen tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Masyita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Rangga Meidianto Asri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Aki Hori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Risfah Yulianty
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Mochammad Hatta
- Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Yusnita Rifai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
| | - Takayuki Kuraishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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12
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Nainu F, Djide MN, Subehan S, Sartini S, Roska TP, Salim E, Kuraishi T. Protective Signatures of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx Fractions against Staphylococcus aureus in Drosophila Infection Model. HAYATI J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.27.4.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-related clinical cases is an alarming chronicle for global communities. This research was conducted to examine the antistaphylococcal effect of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx fractions in the Drosophila model. In the infection experiment, wild-type and immunodeficient Drosophila were pricked with S. aureus and subsequently subjected to fly survivorship and colony-forming assays, in the presence or absence of roselle calyx fractions. The Involvement of immune stimulation in the host antibacterial protection was assessed in vitro using cell-based luciferase reporter assay and in vivo using RT-qPCR analysis on adult flies. A declining rate of fly survivorship and augmentation of bacterial growth were observable in S. aureus-infected wild-type flies but subject to improvement in the presence of roselle calyx fractions. Cell-based analysis revealed the absence of host immune stimulation via Drosophila Toll pathway and roselle calyx fractions-treated immune-deficient flies lacking for components in the Toll pathway were protected from infection-induced early death phenotype and harbored reduced number of S. aureus colonies. Overall, our data confirmed the in vivo anti-staphylococcal activity of roselle calyx fractions in Drosophila infection model and such protective signature was devoid of host immune stimulation.
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13
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Nonaka S, Salim E, Kamiya K, Hori A, Nainu F, Asri RM, Masyita A, Nishiuchi T, Takeuchi S, Kodera N, Kuraishi T. Molecular and Functional Analysis of Pore-Forming Toxin Monalysin From Entomopathogenic Bacterium Pseudomonas entomophila. Front Immunol 2020; 11:520. [PMID: 32292407 PMCID: PMC7118224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas entomophila is a highly pathogenic bacterium that infects insects. It is also used as a suitable model pathogen to analyze Drosophila's innate immunity. P. entomophila's virulence is largely derived from Monalysin, a β-barrel pore-forming toxin that damages Drosophila tissues, inducing necrotic cell death. Here we report the first and efficient purification of endogenous Monalysin and its characterization. Monalysin is successfully purified as a pro-form, and trypsin treatment results in a cleaved mature form of purified Monalysin which kills Drosophila cell lines and adult flies. Electrophysiological measurement of Monalysin in a lipid membrane with an on-chip device confirms that Monalysin forms a pore, in a cleavage-dependent manner. This analysis also provides a pore-size estimate of Monalysin using current amplitude for a single pore and suggests lipid preferences for the insertion. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analysis displays its structure in a solution and shows that active-Monalysin is stable and composed of an 8-mer complex; this observation is consistent with mass spectrometry data. AFM analysis also shows the 8-mer structure of active-Monalysin in a lipid bilayer, and real-time imaging demonstrates the moment at which Monalysin is inserted into the lipid membrane. These results collectively suggest that endogenous Monalysin is indeed a pore-forming toxin composed of a rigid structure before pore formation in the lipid membrane. The endogenous Monalysin characterized in this study could be a desirable tool for analyzing host defense mechanisms against entomopathogenic bacteria producing damage-inducing toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Nonaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Koki Kamiya
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Aki Hori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Rangga Meidianto Asri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ayu Masyita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Institute for Gene Research, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan.,Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kuraishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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14
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Salim E, Scott S. Variation in uptake of Healthy Start Food Vouchers in the Six Health and Social Care Partnerships. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz187.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The primary aim of this study was to assess the difference in uptake levels of Healthy Start Food Vouchers, a means tested benefit to afford nutritious food, between 6 Health and Community Partnerships (HSCP) in Greater Glasgow and Clyde (GGC). Our secondary aim was to explore possible reasons for the observed variation.
Methods
Routinely collected Healthy Start data for the months of August to September 2017 were obtained from the UK Department of Health. Postcode sectors were matched up with their corresponding HSCPs in GGC. Analysis looked for associations between uptake rates and various HSCP area-based characteristics.
Results
Large variations were observed within GGC. Chi-square test showed a significant association between uptake and HSCP area (P < 0.0005). Trend analysis of uptake with area deprivation (P = 0.001) and resource allocation (P < 0.001) was also significant. Subjective analysis of trend direction suggested that uptake increased with deprivation and resource allocation of the HSCP.
Conclusions
Significant trends were found and the observed patterns suggested that the relationship between uptake rates and HSCP area is more complex than the geographical characteristics alone. Future studies need to look at the difference in management and awareness of the voucher scheme between Maternity teams in HSCPs.
Key messages
There is significant variation in the uptake of means tested benefits with some areas having a nearly forty percent of eligible individuals not receiving available support. A qualitative approach is required to determine the causes of low uptake rates of benefits and improve the effectiveness of maternity teams in different areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Salim
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Scott
- Public Health Department, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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15
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Salim E, Fleming M, MacKay DF, Henderson A, Kinnear D, Clark D, King A, McLay JS, Cooper SA, Pell JP. Neurodevelopmental multimorbidity and educational outcomes of 766,244 Scottish schoolchildren. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Neurodevelopmental conditions commonly co-exist in children but, in comparison with adults, childhood multimorbidity has attracted less attention in research and clinical practice.
Methods
Record linkage of five Scotland-wide databases produced a cohort of 766,244 children attending Scottish schools between 2009 and 2013. Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disabilities were ascertained from records of special educational need in the annual Pupil Census and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression through relevant encashed prescriptions.
Results
Neurodevelopmental multimorbidity (≥2 conditions) was identified in 4,789 (0·6%) children; with ASD and ADHD the most common combination. Multimorbidity was associated with significantly increased risk of school absenteeism (adjusted IRR 1·23, 95% CI 1·20-1·28), school exclusion (adjusted IRR 3·04, 95% CI 2·74-3·38), low attainment (adjusted OR 12·07, 95% CI 9·15-15·94) and unemployment (adjusted OR 2·11, 95% CI 1·83-2·45) with clear dose relationships evident between number of conditions (0, 1, ≥2) and the last three outcomes. The associations with multimorbidity were stronger in girls than boys. Co-existence of depression was the strongest driver of absenteeism and co-existence of ADHD the strongest driver of exclusion. Low attainment and unemployment were, in part, mediated by absence and attainment respectively, and were not driven by specific conditions but rather multimorbidity from any cause.
Conclusions
Structuring clinical practice and training around single conditions may disadvantage children with multimorbidity who are at significantly increased risk of adverse outcomes if their complex needs are not recognised and managed.
Key messages
Neurodevelopmental multimorbidity can have significant impacts on children’s education. A holistic healthcare approach is needed to reduce the address their needs and reduce the risk of adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Salim
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Fleming
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D F MacKay
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Henderson
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Kinnear
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Clark
- ISD, Information Service Division, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A King
- ScotXed, Scottish Government, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J S McLay
- Department of Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - S A Cooper
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J P Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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16
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Nainu F, Salim E, Asri RM, Hori A, Kuraishi T. Neurodegenerative disorders and sterile inflammation: lessons from a Drosophila model. J Biochem 2019; 166:213-221. [PMID: 31251338 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, are common but difficult to treat. As effective medical interventions are limited, those diseases will likely continue adversely affecting people's health. There is evidence that the hyperactivation of innate immunity is a hallmark of most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and polyglutamine diseases. In mammalian and fly CNS, the presence of noninfectious ligands, including danger-associated molecular patterns, is recognized by (micro)glial cells, inducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Such inflammation may contribute to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative states. Studies using fruit flies have shed light on the types of signals, receptors and cells responsible for inducing the inflammation that leads to neurodegeneration. Researchers are using fly models to assess the mechanisms of sterile inflammation in the brain and its link to progressive neurodegeneration. Given the similarity of its physiological system and biochemical function to those of mammals, especially in activating and regulating innate immune signalling, Drosophila can be a versatile model system for studying the mechanisms and biological significance of sterile inflammatory responses in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Such knowledge would greatly facilitate the quest for a novel effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Dharma No. 5 Pintu 4 Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Shizenken, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Rangga Meidianto Asri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Dharma No. 5 Pintu 4 Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Aki Hori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Dharma No. 5 Pintu 4 Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Takayuki Kuraishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Dharma No. 5 Pintu 4 Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
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17
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Asri RM, Salim E, Nainu F, Hori A, Kuraishi T. Sterile induction of innate immunity in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2019; 24:1390-1400. [PMID: 31136986 DOI: 10.2741/4786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, much has been learned about the protective signatures of innate immune responses during the course of infections. However, it is now evident that induction of immune effectors also commonly occurs in the absence of pathogenic cues. Such an event, termed sterile inflammation, has been linked to several debilitating acute and chronic host conditions. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a simple yet powerful model organism, identification of diverse sets of damage-associated molecular patterns and their corresponding surface and/or inside pattern recognition receptors on the cells, as well as elucidation of their significant roles in the host physiology and pathological conditions related to sterile inflammation, have been continuously reported. In addition, revelation of non-pathogenic molecular triggers leading to the orchestration of unnecessary activation of inflammatory responses has been a subject of interest. Here, we review decades of efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible in the emergence of sterile inflammation. The characterization of the respective contributing factors, including recent demonstration of pinching as a novel sterile-stimuli in Drosophila, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangga Meidianto Asri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Emil Salim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Aki Hori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kuraishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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18
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Salim E, Afritunando Y, Febriana NA, Efdi M. STUDI OPTIMASI EKSTRAKSI KANDUNGAN SENYAWA FENOLIK TOTAL DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI DAUN MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana Linn.). J Ris Kim 2019. [DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v12i2.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of mangosteen leaves in several different solvents. The antioxidant activity test of the extract was determined by the DPPH method and the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The phytochemical test of mangosteen leaves showed the presence of phenolic compounds, saponins, triterpenoids and alkaloids. The extraction results increase with increasing water content in methanol, ethanol and acetone. The highest amount of extract was obtained using 50% acetone solvent (34.98 ± 0.17%). Extraction using 100% ethanol showed the highest total phenolic content (614.25 ± 5.58 mg GAE / g extract) and the lowest IC50 value (5.81 mg / L). The results of this study indicate that the use of 50% acetone solvent can optimize the amount of extract and 100% ethanol can optimize the content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of mangosteen leaves.
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19
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Rao VSR, Peter M, Sarkar R, Salim E, Jain PK. Outcome in terms of percentage excess body weight loss (%EBWL) after weight loss surgery-Experience of a large volume centre. Obes Res Clin Pract 2017; 11:253-255. [PMID: 28385559 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vittal S R Rao
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Peter
- York Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - Rupa Sarkar
- Dewsbury and District Hospital, United Kingdom.
| | - E Salim
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - Prashant K Jain
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
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20
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Alkandahri MY, Nisrihadi L, Salim E. Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Castanopsis costata Leaves. PCPR 2016. [DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.2016.1.3.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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21
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Alkandahri MY, Nisriadi L, Salim E. Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Castanopsis costata Leaves. PCPR 2016. [DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v1i3.15203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Salim E, - H, Ibrahim S, - A. PREPARASI DAN MODIFIKASI KIMIA STRUKTUR KITOOLIGOSAKARIDA-2,5-ANHIDRO-D-MANNOFURANOSA (KOSAMF) DARI KITOSAN SERTA UJI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli. J Ris Kim 2016. [DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v9i2.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Kitooligosakarida-2,5-anhidro-D-mannofuranosa (KOSamf) dipersiapkan dengan derajat polimerisasi tertentu melalui reaksi nitrous deaminasi dari kitosan parsial N-deasetilasi. KOSamf kemudian diubah menjadi turunan KOSamf dengan mengkopling gugus aldehid yang terdapat pada unit 2,5-anhidro-D-mannofuranosa (amf). KOSamf dengan 3,5-dikloroanilin dan NaBH3CN dalam pelarut buffer ammonium asetat direaksikan melalui metoda one-pot aminasi reduktif untuk menghasilkan turunan KOSamf yang berpotensi sebagai senyawa antibakteri dan antijamur. Struktur kimia dari turunan KOSamf yang telah disintesis dikarakterisasi dengan Spektroskopi FT-IR dan NMR. Senyawa turunan KOSamf memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan zona inhibisi 12,5 mm dan bakteri E. coli dengan zona inhibisi 10,5 mm.
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23
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Kumolosasi E, Salim E, Jantan I, Ahmad W. Kinetics of Intracellular, Extracellular and Production of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide- Stimulated Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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24
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Salim E, Kumolosasi E, Jantan I. Inhibitory effect of selected medicinal plants on the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Nat Med 2014; 68:647-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-014-0841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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25
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Ahmad W, Kumolosasi E, Jantan I, Jasamai M, Salim E. Modulatory Effect of Phytoestrogens and Curcumin on Induction of Annexin 1 in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and their Inhibitory Effect on Secretory Phospholipase A 2. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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26
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Rao V, Yeung M, Cooke J, Salim E, Jain P. Comparison of circumferential resection margin clearance criteria with survival after surgery for cancer of esophagus. J Surg Oncol 2011; 105:745-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.23006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Olubowale O, Akingboye A, Salim E, Samy A. Erosion of Aorto-femoral Dacron Graft into Urinary Bladder Sixteen Years after Surgery, A Case Report. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Rabii R, Querfani B, Essaki H, Salim E, Joual A, Meziane F. V-04.05. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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