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Abbasali F, Mahmoud K, Hengameh N, Mina D, Setare D, Hale D, Sima D. Rare and New Mutations of B-Globin in Azari Population of Iran, a Considerable Diversity. Balkan J Med Genet 2023; 25:51-62. [PMID: 37265972 PMCID: PMC10230832 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2022-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thalassemia, as the most common single-gene genetic disorder, is related to a defect in the synthesis of one or more hemoglobin chains. More than 200 mutations have been identified in the β-globin gene. Globally, every susceptible racial group has its own specific spectrum of the common mutations that are well-known to a particular geographic region. On the other hand, varying numbers of diverse rare mutations may occur. Materials and Methods The subjects of the study included 2113 heterozygote or homozygote β-thalassemia cases selected among couples who participated in the Iranian national thalassemia screening program from January 2011 to November 2019. Molecular characterization of the β-thalassemia mutation was initially carried out by the amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique for common mutations, followed by sequencing, Gap PCR, and Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) methods - in cases not detected by the ARMS-PCR. Results The existence of 39 rare and new point mutations and 4 large deletions were described in our cohort. Sicilian (-13,337bp) deletion, CD36/37 (-T), and CD15 TGG>TGA were encountered more often than the others in a decreasing order, in terms of frequency. The least frequent mutations/deletions were deletion from HBD exon 1 to HBB promoter, 619 bp deletion, Deletion from up HBBP1-Exon3 HBBP1 and up HBB-0.5Kb down HBB, CAP+8 C>A, CD37 (G>A), CD6 (-A), IVSI-2 (T>C), IVSII-705 T>G, and IVSII-772 (G>A). Each occurred once. Five mutations/variants were also determined which have not been reported previously in Iran. Conclusion According to the findings of the study, the Northwestern Iranian population displayed a wide variety of thalassemia allelic distributions. Identification of rare and new mutations in the β-thalassemia in the national population is beneficial for screening programs, genetic counseling, and prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.H. Abbasali
- Hematology & Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - K.Sh. Mahmoud
- Medical Genetic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Ebne Sina Medical Genetics Laboratory, Specialized and Sub-specialized Outpatient Clinics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - N. Hengameh
- Ebne Sina Medical Genetics Laboratory, Specialized and Sub-specialized Outpatient Clinics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - D.H. Mina
- Ebne Sina Medical Genetics Laboratory, Specialized and Sub-specialized Outpatient Clinics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - D. Setare
- Ebne Sina Medical Genetics Laboratory, Specialized and Sub-specialized Outpatient Clinics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - D.M Hale
- Ebne Sina Medical Genetics Laboratory, Specialized and Sub-specialized Outpatient Clinics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - D.M. Sima
- Medical Genetic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Ebne Sina Medical Genetics Laboratory, Specialized and Sub-specialized Outpatient Clinics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Belmokhtar I, Lhousni S, Elidrissi Errahhali M, Ghanam A, Elidrissi Errahhali M, Sidqi Z, Ouarzane M, Charif M, Bellaoui M, Boulouiz R, Benajiba N. Molecular heterogeneity of β-thalassemia variants in the Eastern region of Morocco. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1970. [PMID: 35615994 PMCID: PMC9356555 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background β‐thalassemia syndromes are the most common hereditary blood disorders in the world and are recognized as a major health problem in Morocco. They are characterized by the reduction or the absence of β‐globin chain synthesis. The severity of the disease depends on the nature of the variants affecting the β‐globin gene (HBB), and each ethnic group has its own mutation spectrum. Hereby, we present, for the first time, the molecular profile of β‐thalassemia in the Eastern region of Morocco. Methods This study concerns 39 cases from 33 families who were enrolled in the BRO Biobank. Nineteen were diagnosed with β‐thalassemia major and 20 with β‐thalassemia minor. To detect mutations of the β‐globin gene, we have used RFLP‐PCR and Sanger sequencing. Results Nine known β‐thalassemia variants have been identified. Among these, we reported, for the first time in the Moroccan population, the Czechoslovakian variant C38/39(‐C) at homozygous state. The C39(C > T) was the most frequent variant (72.54%), followed by FSC5(‐CT) (5.88%), FSC6(−A), IVS‐1‐110(G > A), −29(A > G), C38/39(‐C) (3.92% each), and finally by IVS‐I‐1(G > A), IVS‐II‐1(G > A), and −56(G > C) (1.96%). Of particular interest this mutational spectrum of β‐thalassemia is very different from that found in previous studies in Morocco or in other North African countries. Conclusion This study is the first contribution to the description of the molecular profile of β‐thalassemia in the Eastern region of Morocco. It shows the high molecular heterogeneity of β‐thalassemia in our country. Therefore, these results can be valuable for the implementation of carrier screening, genetic counseling, and prenatal diagnosis programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Belmokhtar
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Saida Lhousni
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Ayad Ghanam
- Department of PediatricsMohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Manal Elidrissi Errahhali
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | | | - Meryem Ouarzane
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Majida Charif
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Mohammed Bellaoui
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Redouane Boulouiz
- Genetics Unit, Medical Sciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
| | - Noufissa Benajiba
- Department of PediatricsMohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed PremierOujdaMorocco
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Farra C, Abdouni L, Souaid M, Awwad J, Yazbeck N, Abboud M. The Spectrum of β-Thalassemia Mutations in the Population Migration in Lebanon: A 6-Year Retrospective Study. Hemoglobin 2021; 45:365-370. [PMID: 33947296 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2021.1920975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) is highly prevalent among the Mediterranean populations. In Lebanon, the carrier rate of the disease is estimated to be around 2.0-3.0%. In this retrospective study, we determined the spectrum of β-thal mutations in a total of 170 individuals from a sample of 140 Lebanese, Iraqi and Syrian refugee families in Lebanon, over a period from 2012 to 2018. Twenty-eight different β-globin gene mutations were identified. The most prevalent mutations were IVS-I-110 (G>A) (HBB: c.93-21G>A), IVS-II-1 (G>A) (HBB: c.315+1G>A), IVS-I-6 (T>C) (HBB: c.92+6T>C) and IVS-I-1 (G>A) (HBB: c.92+1G>A), accounting for the majority of mutations found in HBB mutations analysed in 250 alleles. Ten different β-globin gene mutations that were not previously described in Lebanon were identified in our study. These mutations include the IVS-II-848 (C>A) (HBB: c.316-3C>A), codons 9/10 (+T) (HBB: c.30_31insT), codon 15 (-T) (HBB: c.46delT), -86 (C>G) (HBB: c.-136C>G), Cap +22 (G>A) (HBB: c.-29G>A), -28 (A>C) (HBB: c.-78A>C), codon 7 (GAG>TAG) (HBB: c.22G>T), codon 26 (GAG>TAG) (HBB: c.79G>T), codons 41/42 (-TTCT) (HBB: c.126_129delCTTT), and codons 82/83 (-G) (HBB: c.250delG). Of these, six mutations [codons 9/10, codon 15 (-T), -86, codon 7, codon 26, codons 82/83) were identified in Lebanese samples only; one mutation (IVS-II-848) was identified in both Lebanese and Iraqis; and three mutations (Cap +22, -28, codons 41/42) were identified in Iraqi samples only. Further studies will help better delineate the spectrum of β-thal mutations among different ethnic groups, and provide crucial prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Farra
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lina Abdouni
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirna Souaid
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Johnny Awwad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Yazbeck
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Miguel Abboud
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Khan AM, Al-Sulaiti AM, Younes S, Yassin M, Zayed H. The spectrum of beta-thalassemia mutations in the 22 Arab countries: a systematic review. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 14:109-122. [PMID: 33317346 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1860003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the mutational spectrum in the HBB gene in Arab patients with β-thal. METHODS Authors searched five databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) from the time of inception until March 2020. RESULTS The authors search strategy yielded 3,229 citations, of which 48 eligible studies captured. 105 mutations were captured, of these, 99 were shared between Arabs and other ethnic groups, six mutations were unique to Arabs (c.92 + 2 T > G, c.-240 G > A, c.150delC, c.420dupT, deletion of 192 bp spanning exon 1, intron 1, and the first two bases of exon 2 of HBB gene, and deletion of 9.6 kb, including exon 1 and intron 2 of HBB gene). The most common HBB gene mutations among Arabs were c.93-21 G > A, c.118 C > T, c.92 + 1 G > A, c.92 + 6 T > C, c.92 + 5 G > C, c.315 + 1 G > A, and c.27dupG. Consanguinity is high among Arab patients with β-thal. Migration into Arab countries led to allelic heterogeneity among Arab patients with β-thal. CONCLUSION Our findings present a platform for further genetic epidemiological studies for Arab patients with β-thal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Moeen Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Asma Mohammed Al-Sulaiti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma Younes
- Translational Research Institute, Women's Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation , Qatar
| | - Mohamed Yassin
- Department of Hematology and BMT, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation , Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
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Xu L, Mao A, Liu H, Gui B, Choy KW, Huang H, Yu Q, Zhang X, Chen M, Lin N, Chen L, Han J, Wang Y, Zhang M, Li X, He D, Lin Y, Zhang J, Cram DS, Cao H. Long-Molecule Sequencing. J Mol Diagn 2020; 22:1087-1095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Hashmi G, Qidwai A, Fernandez K, Seul M. Enabling routine β-thalassemia Prevention and Patient Management by scalable, combined Thalassemia and Hemochromatosis Mutation Analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:108. [PMID: 32414341 PMCID: PMC7229588 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta (β)-thalassemia is one of the most common inherited disorders worldwide, with high prevalence in the Mediterranean, the Middle East and South Asia. Over the past 40 years, awareness and prevention campaigns in many countries have greatly reduced the incidence of affected child births. In contrast, much remains to be done in South-Asia. Thus, for Pakistan, an estimated ~ 7000 children annually are born with thalassemia, with no sign of improvement. Although there is good agreement that intermarriage of carriers significantly contributes to the high prevalence of the disorder, effective tools for molecular screening and diagnosis on which to base prevention programs are not readily available. METHODS Here, we present results for a novel LeanSequencing™ process to identify a combination of 18 β-thalassemia mutations (including the sickle cell anemia mutation, HbS, and structural variants HbC and HbE) and 2 hemochromatosis mutations in a multi-ethnic population of 274 pediatric and adolescent patients treated at Afzaal Memorial Thalassemia Foundation in Karachi, Pakistan. RESULTS We found substantial differences in the predominance of disease-causing mutations among the principal ethnic groups in our cohort. We also found the hemochromatosis mutation H63D C > G in 61 (or 22.1%) of our patients including 6 (or 2.2%) homozygotes. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first screen combining a large set of β-thalassemia and hemochromatosis mutations, so as to facilitate the early identification of patients who may be at increased potential risk for complications from iron overload and thereby to improve the prospective management of thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Hashmi
- BioMolecular Analytics, 10 Independence Blvd, Suite 140, Warren, NJ, 07059, USA.,Sanya K Hashmi Foundation, 56 Telegraph Hill Road, Holmdel, NJ, 07733, USA
| | - Asim Qidwai
- Afzaal Memorial Thalassemia Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Michael Seul
- BioMolecular Analytics, 10 Independence Blvd, Suite 140, Warren, NJ, 07059, USA.
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Shoujaa A, Mukhalalaty Y, Murad H, Al-Quobaili F. Description of a rare β-globin gene mutation, IVS-II-848 (C>A) ( HBB: c.316-3C>A) in association with IVS-I-1 (G>A) ( HBB: c.92 + 1G>A), observed in a Syrian family: a case report. Hemoglobin 2019; 43:283-285. [DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2019.1670206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shoujaa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | | | - Hossam Murad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
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8
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Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) is the most common hereditary genetic blood disorder. The aims of this study were: (i) to determine the mutation types and the frequency of these mutations in β-thal patients to obtain the ethnic origins of the population in Siirt Province; (ii) to evaluate the pathogenicity of these mutations by performing in silico analysis; (iii) to reveal the genotype-phenotype correlation by comparing the clinical manifestation of our patients to the specific mutations in this population. This study included 34 patients (18 males and 16 females) with a mean age of 9.1 ± 3.6 years (range 3-16 years). All mutations were determined using sequence analysis methods, and the mutations were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Thirteen different mutations were detected in the patients: IVI-I-110 (G>A) (HBB: c.93-21G>A) (38.9%); IVS-II-1 (G>A) (HBB: c.315_1G>A) (11.1%); -30 (T>A) (HBB: c.-80T>A) (9.25%) and IVS-I-1 (G>A) (HBB: c.92 + 1G>A) (9.25%), were the most common, and these mutations constituted 68.5% of the cases. Missense codon 6 (A>T) (HBB: c.20A>T) was not pathogenic; however, all the intronic mutations (IVS-I-1, IVS-I-110, IVS-II-1) and frameshift mutations [codon 44 (-C) (HBB: c.135delC) and codons 36/37 (-T) (HBB: c.112delT)] resulted in disease. These mutations can be used to determine the ethnic origin of the Siirt population and, in affected pregnant women, to develop prenatal strategies. A fatal phenotype can be identified by in silico analysis; however, mutations that are unknown prior to marriage, pregnancy, and childbirth or new mutations can be less accurately identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Yılmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medicine Faculty of Adıyaman University , Adıyaman , Turkey
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9
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Computational Analysis of Protein Structure Changes as a Result of Nondeletion Insertion Mutations in Human β-Globin Gene Suggests Possible Cause of β-Thalassemia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9210841. [PMID: 31275994 PMCID: PMC6582885 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9210841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Beta-thalassemia is described as a group of hereditary blood disorders characterized by abnormalities in the synthesis of beta chains of hemoglobin. These anomalies result in different phenotypes ranging from moderate to severe clinical symptoms to no symptoms at all. Most of the defects in hemoglobin arise directly from the mutations in the structural β-globin gene (HBB). Recent advances in computational tools have allowed the study of the relationship between the genotype and phenotype in many diseases including β-thalassemia. Due to high prevalence of β-thalassemia, these analyses have helped to understand the molecular basis of the disease in a better way. In this direction, a relational database, named HbVar, was developed in 2001 by a collective academic effort to provide quality and up-to-date information on the genomic variations leading to hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia. The database recorded details about each variant including the altered sequence, hematological defects, its pathology, and its occurrence along with references. In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate nondeletion mutations in the HBB picked up from HbVar and their effects using the in silico approach. Our study investigated 12 nucleotides insertion mutations in six different altered sequences. These 12 extra nucleotides led to the formation of a loop in the protein structure and did not alter its function. It appears that these mutations act as ‘silent' mutations. However, further in vitro studies are required to reach definitive conclusions.
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Sajadpour Z, Amini-Farsani Z, Motovali-Bashi M, Yadollahi M, Yadollahi F. Investigation of RFLP Haplotypes β-Globin Gene Cluster in Beta-Thalassemia Patients in Central Iran. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2019; 13:61-67. [PMID: 31372199 PMCID: PMC6660478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Beta-thalassemia is one of the most prevalent inherited blood diseases among Iranians. The aim of this study was to elucidate the chromosomal background of beta-thalassemia mutations in Esfahan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this study, we investigated three frequent mutations (c.315+1G>A, c.93-21G>A and c.92+5G>C in β-globin gene, the frequency of RFLP haplotypes, and LD between markers at β-globin gene cluster) in 150 beta-thalassemia patients and 50 healthy individuals. The molecular and population genetic investigations were performed on RFLP markers HindIII in the c.315+1G>A of Gγ (HindIIIG) and Aγ (HindIIIA) genes, AvaII in the c.315+1G>A of β-globin gene and BamHI 3' to the β-globin gene. All statistical analyses were performed using Power Marker software and SISA server. Results: Fifty percent of beta-thalasemia patients were associated with these mutations. Haplotype I was the most prevalent haplotype among beta-thalassemia patients (39.33%) and normal individuals (46%). The commonest c.315+1G>A mutation in our population was tightly linked with haplotype III (43.75%) and haplotype I (31.25%). The second prevalent mutation, c.92+5G>C, was 90%, 6.66%, and 3.33% in linkage disequilibrium with haplotypes I, VII, and III, respectively. The c.93-21G>A mutation indicated a strong association with haplotype I (80%). Conclusion: Our study participants like beta-thalassemia patients from Kermanshah province was found to possess a similar haplotype background for common mutations. The emergence of most prevalent mutations on chromosomes with different haplotypes can be explained by gene conversion and recombination. High linkage of a mutation with specific haplotype is consistent with the hypothesis that chromosomes carrying beta-thalassemia mutations experienced positive selection pressure, probably because of the protection against malaria experienced by beta-thalassemia carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sajadpour
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Amini-Farsani
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Majid Motovali-Bashi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mitra Yadollahi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Farrokh Yadollahi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Development Unit, Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Murad H, Moassas F, Ghoury I, Mukhalalaty Y. Haplotype Analysis of Three Common β-Thalassemia Mutations in Syrian Patients. Hemoglobin 2019; 42:302-305. [PMID: 30669902 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2018.1553789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
β-Globin haplotypes were used to investigate the origin of three common β-globin mutations, IVS-I-110 (G>A); HBB: c.93-21G>A, IVS-I-1 (G>A); HBB: c.92 + 1G>A and codon 39 (C>T); HBB: c.118C > T in Syrian patients. Haplotype analysis was done for 49 unrelated patients with β-thalassemia (β-thal) and 20 unrelated healthy subjects by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for the β-globin gene cluster of the following polymorphic restriction sites: HincII 5' to ε, HindIII 5' to Gγ, HindIII 5' to Aγ, HincII in ψβ, HincII 3' to ψβ, AvaII in β, and HinfI 3' to β. The IVS-I-110 mutation was associated with three haplotypes: I [+ - - - - + +] (79.4%), V [+ - - - - + -] (5.9%) and VII [+ - - - - - +] (14.7%), while, the two mutations IVS-I-1 and codon 39 were be linked to a single haplotype V (100.0%) and II [- + + - + + +] (100.0%), respectively. The normal chromosomes (βA/βA) were associated with four haplotypes, I (50.0%), II (7.5%), V (32.5%) and VII (10.0%). In the Syrian population, the IVS-I-110 mutation was associated with multi haplotypes, whereas the IVS-I-1 and codon 39 mutations have a single origin. More studies for the other mutations will be very useful for genetic epidemiological studies in Syria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Murad
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , Atomic Energy Commission of Syria , Damascus , Syria
| | - Faten Moassas
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , Atomic Energy Commission of Syria , Damascus , Syria
| | - Ifad Ghoury
- b Department of Radiation Medicine , Atomic Energy Commission of Syria , Damascus , Syria
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Peled Y, Loewenthal R, Kassif Y, Raichlin E, Younis A, Younis A, Nachum E, Freimark D, Lavee J. Ethnic disparity in Israel impacts long-term results after heart transplantation. Isr J Health Policy Res 2019; 8:3. [PMID: 30636628 PMCID: PMC6330742 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-018-0271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnicity may affect graft longevity and recipient mortality after heart transplantation (HTx). We hypothesized that differences in ethnic origin between Arabs and Jews undergoing HTx in Israel may contribute to differences in long-term outcomes. METHODS The study population comprised all 254 patients who underwent HTx between 1991 and 2017 in a tertiary medical center located in the center of Israel. Patients were categorized as either Jews (226 patients, 89%) or Arabs (28 patients, 11%). The primary end point was cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), secondary end points were cardiovascular (CV) mortality and the combined end point of CAV/CV mortality. RESULTS In comparison with Jews, Arab patients were significantly younger (ave. age 42 vs. 50) and had shorter in-hospital stay (45 vs. 80 days). However, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that at 10 years of follow-up CAV rates were significantly higher among Arabs (58%) compared with Jews (23%; log-rank P = 0.01) for the overall difference during follow-up. Similar results were shown for the separate end point of CV mortality and the combined end point of CAV/CV mortality. Multivariate analysis, which controlled for age, gender, statin treatment, and other potential confounders, showed that Arab recipient ethnic origin was associated with a significant > 2.5-fold (p = 0.01) increase in the risk for CAV; a > 4-fold increase in the risk for CV mortality (p = 0.001); and approximately 4-fold increase in the risk for the combined end point (p = 0.001). These findings were validated by propensity score analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that Arab ethnic origin is associated with a significantly increased risk for CAV and mortality following HTx. Suggested explanations contributing to ethnic disparities in Israel include socioeconomic, environmental and genetic factors. Further studies are required to evaluate whether more aggressive risk factor management in the Israeli Arab population following HTx would reduce CAV and CV mortality in this high-risk population. Increased awareness and early intervention of the Israeli healthcare system and cooperation with the Arab community is of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Peled
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel. .,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Ron Loewenthal
- Tissue Typing Laboratory Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yigal Kassif
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eugenia Raichlin
- Cardiology Department, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Arwa Younis
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anan Younis
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Nachum
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dov Freimark
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jacob Lavee
- The Olga and Lev Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Heart Transplantation Unit, Heart Failure Institute, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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13
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Murad H, Moasses F, Dabboul A, Mukhalalaty Y, Bakoor AO, Al-Achkar W, Jarjour RA. Geographical distribution of β-globin gene mutations in Syria. Hematology 2018; 23:697-704. [DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2018.1461291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Murad
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Human Genetics Division, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
| | - Faten Moasses
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Human Genetics Division, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
| | - Amir Dabboul
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Human Genetics Division, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
| | | | | | - Walid Al-Achkar
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Human Genetics Division, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
| | - Rami A. Jarjour
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Human Genetics Division, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
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14
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Hemochromatosis C282Y gene mutation as a potential susceptibility factor for iron-overload in Egyptian beta-thalassemia patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Karami H, Jalali H, Mahdavi M, Mahdavi MR. Identification of a Neonate with Thalassemia Intermedia Despite Premarital Screening Program in Mazandaran Province (Co-inheritance of Hb Knossos and IVS II-1 G> A Mutations). RESEARCH IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/rmm.5.2.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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16
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Jalilian M, Azizi Jalilian F, Ahmadi L, Amini R, Esfehani H, Sosanian M, Rabbani B, Maleki M, Mahdieh N. The Frequency of HBB Mutations Among β-Thalassemia Patients in Hamadan Province, Iran. Hemoglobin 2017; 41:61-64. [PMID: 28391758 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2017.1302468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) caused by mutations on the HBB gene is the most common single-gene disorder in the world. In this study, the HBB gene mutation was investigated in Hamadan province, Iran. Forty-one patients referred to a referral hospital were admitted to the study. DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood. The HBB gene was sequenced in all recruited patients. Eleven mutations and eight polymorphisms were found in the studied patients. IVS-II-1 (G>A) (HBB: c.315+1 G>A) was the most common mutation, accounting for 25.61% of mutant alleles. Other mutations included codon 8 (-AA) (HBB: c.25-26delAA); IVS-I-110 (G>A) (HBB: c.93-21 G>A); codons 8/9 (+G) (HBB: c.27-28insG); IVS-I-1 (G>A) (HBB: c.92 G>A); codon 44 (-C) (HBB: c.135delC); codons 25/26 (+T) (HBB: c.78-79insT); IVS-I-130 (G>C) (HBB: c.93-1 G>C); -28 (A>C) (HBB: c.-78 A>C); codons 36/37 (-T) (HBB: c.112delT) and IVS-I-6 (T>C) (HBB: c.92+6 T>C). According to our findings, the IVS-II-1 mutation has the highest prevalence in Hamadan Province. It was found that the total frequency of the IVS-II-1, codons 25/26 (+T), codons 8/9 (+G), IVS-I-110 and IVS-I-1 mutations was 82.92%. Therefore, given these findings, it is recommended that these five mutations are screened for as a first step in laboratories without sequencing instruments, and that the rest of the gene is subsequently examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Jalilian
- a Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science , Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Farid Azizi Jalilian
- b Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Leila Ahmadi
- c Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science , Shahid Chamran University , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- d Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Hossein Esfehani
- e Department of Pediatrics (Division of Oncology), Faculty of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Maryam Sosanian
- f Division of Thalassemia, Besat Hospital , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Bahareh Rabbani
- g Genetic Research Laboratory, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- g Genetic Research Laboratory, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nejat Mahdieh
- g Genetic Research Laboratory, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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17
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β-Thalassemia Distribution in the Old World: an Ancient Disease Seen from a Historical Standpoint. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2017; 9:e2017018. [PMID: 28293406 PMCID: PMC5333734 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2017.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Haemoglobinopathies constitute the commonest recessive monogenic disorders worldwide, and the treatment of affected individuals presents a substantial global disease burden. β-thalassaemia is characterised by the reduced synthesis (β+) or absence (βo) of the β-globin chains in the HbA molecule, resulting in accumulation of excess unbound α-globin chains that precipitate in erythroid precursors in the bone marrow and in the mature erythrocytes, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis and peripheral haemolysis. Approximately 1.5% of the global population are heterozygotes (carriers) of the β-thalassemias; there is a high incidence in populations from the Mediterranean basin, throughout the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and Melanesia to the Pacific Islands. Aim The principal aim of this paper is to review, from a historical standpoint, our knowledge about an ancient disease, the β-thalassemias, and in particular, when, how and in what way β-thalassemia spread worldwide to reach such high incidences in certain populations. Results Mutations involving the β-globin gene are the most common cause of genetic disorders in humans. To date, more than 350 β-thalassaemia mutations have been reported. Considering the current distribution of β- thalassemia, the wide diversity of mutations and the small number of specific mutations in individual populations, it seems unlikely that β-thalassemia originated in a single place and time. Conclusions Various processes are known to determine the frequency of genetic disease in human populations. However, it is almost impossible to decide to what extent each process is responsible for the presence of a particular genetic disease. The wide spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations could well be explained by looking at their geographical distribution, the history of malaria, wars, invasions, mass migrations, consanguinity, and settlements. An analysis of the distribution of the molecular spectrum of haemoglobinopathies allows for the development and improvement of diagnostic tests and management of these disorders.
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18
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AlFadhli S, Salem M, Shome DK, Mahdi N, Nizam R. The Effects of HFE Polymorphisms on Biochemical Parameters of Iron Status in Arab Beta-Thalassemia Patients. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2017; 33:545-551. [PMID: 29075067 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-016-0775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential effect of three HFE gene polymorphisms (C282Y, H63D and S65C) and the SLC40A1 A77D polymorphism on iron balance was investigated in 234 subjects (91 Arab beta-thalassemia major (BTM) patients, 34 beta-thalassemia trait (BTT) individuals and 109 health controls). Genotyping was done using restriction-fragment-length polymorphism and direct-sequencing. Serum-iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin and ferritin were estimated in all BTT and BTM, and in 65 healthy controls. H63D was the only polymorphism detected in our cohort. Allele frequency was 13% in both BTM and BTT and 10% in controls with no significant difference. Serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation were significantly higher in normal males heterozygous for H63D as compared to homozygous wild-type males. Ferritin was significantly higher in BTT males with or without H63D polymorphism when compared to the healthy males with H/H genotype. No such difference was observed between H/H versus H/D BTT subgroups. We conclude that H63D is the only significant hemochromatosis-associated polymorphism in the Arabian Gulf region. The heterozygous state of H63D may significantly alter iron parameters in normal males. In BTT, it appears that the beta-thalassemia allele has an overriding influence on ferritin values, and this generally manifest in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suad AlFadhli
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, PO Box 31470, Sulaibekhat, Kuwait
| | - Matra Salem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, PO Box 31470, Sulaibekhat, Kuwait
| | - D K Shome
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Najat Mahdi
- Ministry of Health, Alsalmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Rasheeba Nizam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, PO Box 31470, Sulaibekhat, Kuwait
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19
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Borgio JF, AbdulAzeez S, Naserullah ZA, Al-Jarrash S, Al-Ali RA, Al-Madan MS, Al-Muhanna F, Al-Suliman AM, Al-Nafie A, Steinberg MH, Al-Ali AK. Mutations in the β-globin gene from a Saudi population: an update. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:e38-40. [PMID: 26822801 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J F Borgio
- Institute for Research & Medical Consultation, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. ,
| | - S AbdulAzeez
- Institute for Research & Medical Consultation, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z A Naserullah
- Dammam Maternity and Child Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Al-Jarrash
- Dammam Maternity and Child Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - R A Al-Ali
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, University of Dammam, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Al-Madan
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, University of Dammam, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Al-Muhanna
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, University of Dammam, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Al-Suliman
- King Fahd Hospital, King Faisal University, Al-Ahssa, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Al-Nafie
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, University of Dammam, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Steinberg
- Centre of Excellence in Sickle Cell Disease, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A K Al-Ali
- Institute for Research & Medical Consultation, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,King Fahd Hospital, King Faisal University, Al-Ahssa, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Cherry L, Calo C, Talmaci R, Perrin P, Gavrila L. β-Thalassemia Haplotypes in Romania in the Context of Genetic Mixing in the Mediterranean Area. Hemoglobin 2015; 40:85-96. [PMID: 26711012 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2015.1124113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-study was to investigate β-thalassemia (β-thal) mutations and their chromosomal background in order to highlight the origin and spread of thalassemia alleles in the European and Mediterranean areas. Screening of more than 100 new Romanian β-thal alleles was also conducted. The results suggest an ancient introduction of mutations at codon 39 (C > T) (HBB: c.118C > T) and IVS-I-6 (T > C) (HBB: c.92 + 6T > C) in Romania. A comparative study was performed based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) haplotypes associated with β-thal mutations in Romania and in Mediterranean countries. Each common β-thal allele from different populations exhibits a high degree of haplotype similarity, a sign of a clear unicentric origin for the IVS-I-110 (G > A) (HBB: c.93-21G > A), IVS-I-6, IVS-II-745 (C > G) (HBB: c.316-106C > G) and codon 39 mutations (the 17a [+ - - - - + +], 13c [ - + + - - - +], 17c [ + - - - - - +] and 14a [- + + - + + + ] ancestral RFLP background, respectively), followed by recurrent recombination events. This study also showed that geographic distances played a major role in shaping the spread of the predominant β-thal alleles, whereas no genetic boundaries were detected between broad groups of populations living in the Middle East, Europe and North Africa. The analyses revealed some discrepancies concerning Morocco and Serbia, which suggest some peculiar genetic flows. Marked variations in β(A) were observed between Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean, whereas a relative genetic homogeneity was found around the Mediterranean Basin. This homogeneity is undoubtedly the result of the high level of specific historic human migrations that occurred in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laudy Cherry
- a DNA Forensic Laboratory, Internal Security Forces , Beirut , Lebanon.,b Genetic Institute, University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Carla Calo
- c Department of Experimental Biology , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Rodica Talmaci
- d Fundeni Hematology Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest , Romania
| | - Pascale Perrin
- e MIVEGEC Laboratory , Université of Montpellier , Montpellier , France
| | - Lucian Gavrila
- b Genetic Institute, University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
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21
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Ozkinay F, Onay H, Karaca E, Arslan E, Erturk B, Ece Solmaz A, Tekin IM, Cogulu O, Aydinok Y, Vergin C. Molecular Basis ofβ-Thalassemia in the Population of the Aegean Region of Turkey: Identification of A Novel Deletion Mutation. Hemoglobin 2015; 39:230-4. [DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2015.1038354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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22
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Elmezayen AD, Kotb SM, Sadek NA, Abdalla EM. β-Globin Mutations in Egyptian Patients With β-Thalassemia. Lab Med 2015; 46:8-13. [DOI: 10.1309/lm1aykg6ve8mlphg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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Kumar R, Sagar C, Sharma D, Kishor P. β-Globin Genes: Mutation Hot-Spots in the Global Thalassemia Belt. Hemoglobin 2014; 39:1-8. [DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2014.985831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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24
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Borgio JF, AbdulAzeez S, Al-Nafie AN, Naserullah ZA, Al-Jarrash S, Al-Madan MS, Al-Muhanna F, Steinberg MH, Al-Ali AK. A novel HBA2 gene conversion in cis or trans: “α12 allele” in a Saudi population. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2014; 53:199-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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25
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Murad H, Moassas F, Jarjour R, Mukhalalaty Y, Al-Achkar W. Prenatal Molecular Diagnosis of β-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Anemia in the Syrian Population. Hemoglobin 2014; 38:390-3. [DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2014.978455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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26
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Nasouhipur H, Banihashemi A, Youssefi Kamangar R, Akhavan-Niaki H. Hb Knossos: HBB:c.82G>T Associated with HBB:c.315+1G>A Beta Zero Mutation Causes Thalassemia Intermedia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2014; 30:243-5. [PMID: 25332589 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-014-0343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia is the most common single gene disorder worldwide and in Iran. In the present study we report for the first time a rare variant of hemoglobin HBB:c.82G>T; Codon 27 GCC→TCC (Ala→Ser), Hb Knossos, using sequencing and reverse dot blot hybridization, in members of a family from North Iran. The family has a 16 years-old compound heterozygous thalassemia intermedia male child presenting this variant together with HBB:c.315+1G>A (IVSII-I) mutation. The father, heterozygous for Hb Knossos, showed borderline hematological indices. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Hb Knossos in trans with the β(O) IVSII-I allele leading to thalassemia intermedia. Our data also highlight the necessity of deep molecular characterization of subjects presenting normal HbA2 level associated with abnormal or borderline red cell indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Nasouhipur
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Banihashemi
- Genetic Laboratory of Amirkola Children Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Youssefi Kamangar
- Genetic Laboratory of Amirkola Children Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran ; Genetic Laboratory of Amirkola Children Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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27
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Jarjour RA, Murad H, Moasses F, Al-Achkar W. Molecular update of β-thalassemia mutations in the Syrian population: identification of rare β-thalassemia mutations. Hemoglobin 2014; 38:272-6. [PMID: 24828949 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2014.912661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by variable degrees of anemia, bone marrow hyperplasia, splenomegaly, and complications related to the severity of the anemic state. The β-thalassemias result from mutations in and around the β-globin gene (HBB) located as a cluster on the short arm of chromosome 11. In Syria, β-thal is highly prevalent. The main aim of this study was to identify the frequency of HBB mutations in 189 Syrian β-thal patients and carriers of β-thal. Out of the 189 patients and carriers recruited in this study, 181 patients had at least one HBB mutation and eight patients did not show any mutation. The 10 most frequent ones constituted 77.5% of all HBB mutations. These mutations in order of frequency were: IVS-I-110 (G > A) (17.0%), IVS-I-1 (G > A) (14.7%), codon 39 (C > T) (14.4%), IVS-II-1 (G > A) (9.8%), codon 8 (-AA) (6.2%), IVS-I-6 (T > C) (5.2%), IVS-I-5 (G > C) (4.9%), codon 5 (-C) (3.2%), IVS-I-5 (G > A) (3.2%) and codon 37 (G > A) (2.2%). Another 21 mutations were less frequent or sporadic. These results provide important tools for adapting a prenatal molecular diagnostic test for the Syrian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A Jarjour
- Human Genetics Division, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS) , Damascus , Syria
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28
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Reading NS, Sirdah MM, Tarazi IS, Prchal JT. Detection of Nine Mediterranean β-Thalassemia Mutations in Palestinians Using Three Restriction Enzyme Digest Panels: A Reliable Method for Developing Countries. Hemoglobin 2013; 38:39-43. [DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2013.845105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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29
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United Arab Emirates: phylogenetic relationships and ancestral populations. Gene 2013; 533:411-9. [PMID: 24120897 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the current report, 109 unrelated individuals from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) were typed across 15 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D149S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA) routinely employed in population genetics analyses and compared across a set of ethnically and geographically targeted reference collections. UAE, located at the southeastern most portion of the Arabian Peninsula, in the tri-continental crossroads connecting Africa, Europe and Asia, has been influenced by a number of human dispersal waves from a plethora of sources including the Paleolithic "Out of Africa" migrations, the exodus of Neolithic pastoral agriculturalists from the Fertile Crescent and Northern Africa, as well as more recent migrations from Asia and the Middle East. We found that despite the high levels of consanguinity that characterize UAE, this population is genetically highly heterogeneous. When compared to various world-wide biogeographical regions, the Arabian Peninsula exhibits the highest intra-population variance. Admixture analyses indicate that UAE and Bahrain uniquely in Arabia share 23.7% and 22.9%, respectively, of their DNA with Southwest Asian populations. Similar and complex Structure profiles are seen among Arabian Peninsula populations underscoring the high genetic diversity of the region. Although UAE shares a number of genetic characteristics in common with the rest of the populations in the Arabian Peninsula, it is unique in terms of its relative high Asian genetic component, likely the result of geographical proximity to Southwest Asia, west-bound waves of migration and socio-political ties with territories to the east.
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30
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Qari MH, Wali Y, Albagshi MH, Alshahrani M, Alzahrani A, Alhijji IA, Almomen A, Aljefri A, Al Saeed HH, Abdullah S, Al Rustumani A, Mahour K, Mousa SA. Regional consensus opinion for the management of Beta thalassemia major in the Arabian Gulf area. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013; 8:143. [PMID: 24044606 PMCID: PMC3848639 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalassemia syndrome has diverse clinical presentations and a global spread that has far exceeded the classical Mediterranean basin where the mutations arose. The mutations that give rise to either alpha or beta thalassemia are numerous, resulting in a wide spectrum of clinical severity ranging from carrier state to life-threatening, inherited hemolytic anemia that requires regular blood transfusion. Beta thalassemia major constitutes a remarkable challenge to health care providers. The complications arising due to the anemia, transfusional iron overload, as well as other therapy-related complications add to the complexity of this condition. To produce this consensus opinion manuscript, a PubMed search was performed to gather evidence-based original articles, review articles, as well as published work reflecting the experience of physicians and scientists in the Arabian Gulf region in an effort to standardize the management protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad H Qari
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute at Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York, USA.
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31
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The spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2013; 50:247-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Rezaee AR, Banoei MM, Khalili E, Houshmand M. Beta-Thalassemia in Iran: new insight into the role of genetic admixture and migration. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:635183. [PMID: 23319887 PMCID: PMC3539370 DOI: 10.1100/2012/635183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Iran with an area of 1.648 million km2 is located between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. The Iranian population consists of multiethnic groups that have been influenced by various invasions and migration throughout history. Studies have revealed the presence of more than 47 different β-globin gene mutations responsible for β-Thalassemia in Iran. This paper is an attempt to study the origin of β-Thalassemia mutations in different parts of Iran. Distribution of β-Thalassemia mutations in Iran shows different patterns in different areas. β-Thalassemia mutations have been a reflection of people and area in correlation with migration and origin of ancestors. We compared the frequencies of β-globin mutations in different regions of Iran with those derived from neighboring countries. The analysis provided evidence of complementary information about the genetic admixture and migration of some mutations, as well as the remarkable genetic classification of the Iranian people and ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Rezaee
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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López-Escribano H, Parera MM, Guix P, Serra JM, Gutierrez A, Balsells D, Oliva-Berini E, Castro JA, Ramon MM, Picornell A. Balearic archipelago: three islands, three beta-thalassemia population patterns. Clin Genet 2012; 83:175-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01864.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Abuzenadah AM, Hussein IMR, Damanhouri GA, A-Sayes FM, Gari MA, Chaudhary AG, Zaher GF, Al-Attas A, Al-Qahtani MH. Molecular basis of β-thalassemia in the western province of Saudi Arabia: identification of rare β-thalassemia mutations. Hemoglobin 2011; 35:346-57. [PMID: 21797702 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2011.588508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at the identification of the spectrum of mutations in patients with β-thalassemia (β-thal) in the western province of Saudi Arabia. Screening for the mutations was done using the polymerase chain reaction-amplification refractory mutation system (PCR-ARMS) technique to test for 12 mutations, and direct automated DNA sequencing for the unknown samples. The study included 172 patients; of these 15 patients had sickle cell anemia and one Hb S [β6(A3)Glu→Val, GAG>GTG]/β-thal. A total of 23 mutations were identified to cause the disease in the western area. Seven common mutations were responsible for the β-thal alleles in 78% of patients and could be detected by the ARMS technique: IVS-II-1 (G>A), IVS-I-110 (G>A), IVS-I-5 (G>C), codon 39 (C>T), codon 26 (G>A) [Hb E or β26(B8)Glu→Lys, GAG>AAG], frameshift codons (FSC) 8/9 (+G), and IVS-I-1 (G>A). DNA sequencing of uncharacterized alleles detected eight less common mutations: FSC 41/42 (-TCTT), IVS-I 25 bp deletion, codon 37 (G>A), FSC 44 (-C), Cap site +1 (A>C), IVS-I-6 (T>C), FSC 5 (-CT) and IVS-I-1 (G>T), and eight rare mutations: -87 (C>G), initiation codon -1 (T>G), codon 15 (G>A), FSC 16 (-C), FSC 20/21 (+G), codon 27 (G>A), IVS-I-130 (G>C) and IVS-II-837 (A>C). Four alleles were normal by DNA sequencing. Genetic heterogeneity was observed in this study, 10 mutations were of Asian or Asian/Indian origin, two were Kurdish, one Chinese, one Turkish, one Saudi, and the remainder were of Mediterranean origin. The presence of a large population of immigrants in the western province is responsible for the great heterogeneity at the molecular level, and for the difference observed in the frequencies of mutations from those reported in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Screening for β-thal mutations using PCR-ARMS for the seven most frequent mutations in the Saudi population followed by DNA sequencing of the unknown alleles could be useful for the implementation of a strategy for carrier detection and preimplantation genetic diagnosis in high risk families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M Abuzenadah
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Sultan A, Phanasgaonkar S, Suliman A, Al-Baqushi M, Nasrullah Z, Al-Ali A. Spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Hemoglobin 2011; 35:125-34. [PMID: 21417569 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2011.553567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
β-Thalassemias comprise a group of heterogeneous hemoglobin (Hb) disorders characterized by the absence or reduced synthesis of the β-globin chain with a variable clinical presentation. The Al-Qatif and Al-Ahsa oases in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia are regions known for the high prevalence of these disorders. This study was conducted to provide a more precise picture of the β-thalassemia (β-thal) mutations prevalent in these regions and to estimate their frequencies. One hundred and 96 subjects with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (β-thal) disease were included in this study. A total of 14 β-thal mutations were identified with five mutations accounting for more than 80% of the total β-thal mutations identified. Of the 196 patients, 164 were homozygous for a β-thal mutation, while 32 were compound heterozygotes. We report here the novel identification of two mutations, namely, the Tunisian splice site IVS-I-130 (G→C) and the Mediterranean cryptic splice site IVS-I-110 (G→A), which have not been previously reported in the population of the Eastern Province. However, 15 patients (46.9%) with compound heterozygosities carried one of the β-thal mutations and the sickle cell mutation [Hb S or β6(A3)Glu→Val]. These patients were less frequently transfused than the patients who were homozygous for the β-thal mutations and presented with fewer complications. A more comprehensive overview of the genetic heterogeneity of the β-thal mutations in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia is presented in this article. This study will contribute to the establishment of an effective prevention program, including premarital screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Sultan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Akhavan-Niaki H, Derakhshandeh-Peykar P, Banihashemi A, Mostafazadeh A, Asghari B, Ahmadifard MR, Azizi M, Youssefi A, Elmi MM. A comprehensive molecular characterization of beta thalassemia in a highly heterogeneous population. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 47:29-32. [PMID: 21493114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Galehdari H, Salehi B, Azmoun S, Keikhaei B, Zandian KM, Pedram M. Comprehensive spectrum of the β-Thalassemia mutations in Khuzestan, southwest Iran. Hemoglobin 2011; 34:461-8. [PMID: 20854120 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2010.514153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) is characterized by reduction or absence of β-globin gene expression. We describe the spectrum of mutations observed in a large cohort of β-thal carriers in Khuzestan, Southwest Iran. All together 1,241 blood samples from individuals with decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and elevated Hb A(2) levels, were analyzed either by reverse dot-blot or by direct sequencing of the HBB gene. We found 42 different mutations associated with β-thal and identified eight common β-globin variants, namely, Hb S [β6(A3)Glu→Val], Hb C [β6(A3)Glu→Lys], Hb D-Punjab [β121(GH4)Glu→Gln] and Hb O-Arab [β121(GH4)Glu→Lys]. No mutations were found in two individuals. The distribution is characteristic of a heterogenous population with three preferential mutations being present [codons 36/37 (-T), IVS-II-1 (G>A) and IVS-I-110 (G>A)] at a frequency of 20.5, 20.0 and 14.2%, respectively, followed by 39 mutations in decreasing frequencies from 5.2 down to 0.1%. These data are of importance when planning prevention strategies in the country.
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Jalal SD, Al-Allawi NAS, Bayat N, Imanian H, Najmabadi H, Faraj A. β-Thalassemia mutations in the Kurdish population of northeastern Iraq. Hemoglobin 2011; 34:469-76. [PMID: 20854121 DOI: 10.3109/01676830.2010.513591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A random 123 carriers of β-thalassemia (β-thal), identified by the Sulaimaniyah Provincial Premarital Screening Program in northeastern Iraq, were screened for β-thal mutations using multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by reverse hybridization StripAssay and direct sequencing. A total of 11 different β-thal mutations was identified in the studied samples, of which eight represented 96% of the mutated β-globin genes. These were IVS-II-1 (G>A), IVS-I-110 (G>A), codon 8 (-AA), codons 8/9 (+G), IVS-I-5 (G>C), codon 5 (-CT), IVS-I-6 (T>C) and IVS-I-1 (G>A). Other mutations were less common or sporadic. There were some notable differences in frequencies of various mutations in comparison to other eastern Mediterranean populations, as well as with previous studies of Iraqi Kurds. The latter illustrate the relative heterogeneity of the mutations distributed in Iraq, and the need to screen other areas of the country, to ensure the establishment of an effective prenatal diagnosis program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana D Jalal
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimaniyah, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
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Terreros MC, Rowold DJ, Mirabal S, Herrera RJ. Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosomal stratification in Iran: relationship between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:235-46. [PMID: 21326310 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2010.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Modern day Iran is strategically located in the tri-continental corridor uniting Africa, Europe and Asia. Several ethnic groups belonging to distinct religions, speaking different languages and claiming divergent ancestries inhabit the region, generating a potentially diverse genetic reservoir. In addition, past pre-historical and historical events such as the out-of-Africa migrations, the Neolithic expansion from the Fertile Crescent, the Indo-Aryan treks from the Central Asian steppes, the westward Mongol expansions and the Muslim invasions may have chiseled their genetic fingerprints within the genealogical substrata of the Persians. On the other hand, the Iranian perimeter is bounded by the Zagros and Albrez mountain ranges, and the Dasht-e Kavir and Dash-e Lut deserts, which may have restricted gene flow from neighboring regions. By utilizing high-resolution mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers and reanalyzing our previously published Y-chromosomal data, we have found a previously unexplored, genetic connection between Iranian populations and the Arabian Peninsula, likely the result of both ancient and recent gene flow. Furthermore, the regional distribution of mtDNA haplogroups J, I, U2 and U7 also provides evidence of barriers to gene flow posed by the two major Iranian deserts and the Zagros mountain range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Terreros
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL FL 33199, USA
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A descriptive profile of β-thalassaemia mutations in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. J Community Genet 2010; 1:149-57. [PMID: 22460247 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-010-0026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalassaemia is a common and debilitating autosomal recessive disorder affecting many populations in South Asia. To date, efforts to create a regional profile of β-thalassaemia mutations have largely concentrated on the populations of India. The present study updates and expands an earlier profile of β-thalassaemia mutations in India, and incorporates comparable data from Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Despite limited data availability, clear patterns of historical and cultural population movements were observed relating to major β-thalassaemia mutations. The current regional mutation profiles of β-thalassaemia have been influenced by historical migrations into and from the Indian sub-continent, by the development and effects of Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim and Sikh religious traditions, and by the major mid-twentieth century population translocations that followed the Partition of India in 1947. Given the resultant genetic complexity revealed by the populations of India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, to ensure optimum diagnostic efficiency and the delivery of appropriate care, it is important that screening and counselling programmes for β-thalassaemia mutations recognise the underlying patterns of population sub-division throughout the region.
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Al-Allawi NAS, Hassan KMA, Sheikha AK, Nerweiy FF, Dawood RS, Jubrael J. β-Thalassemia Mutations among Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Major Patients in Northern Iraq. Mol Biol Int 2010; 2010:479282. [PMID: 22110956 PMCID: PMC3218307 DOI: 10.4061/2010/479282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular defects responsible for β-thalassemias (thal) were investigated among 254 chromosomes from 127 transfusion-dependent unrelated thalassemic patients from two provinces in Northern Iraq. Among fourteen identified mutations, the seven most common found in 88.2% of the thal chromosomes were: IVS-II-1 (G → A), IVS-I-1 (G → A), codon 8 (−AA), codon 39 (G → T), codon 8/9 (+G), codon 44 (−C), and codon 5 (−CT). There were some notable differences in frequencies of various mutations in comparison to other Eastern Mediterranean populations, as well as between the two provinces studied. The latter illustrates the relative heterogeneity of the mutations distribution in Iraq, and the need to screen other areas of the country, to ensure establishing an effective prenatal program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir A S Al-Allawi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Scientific Research Center, University of Dohuk, Dohuk, Iraq
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Saleh-Gohari N, Bazrafshani MR. Distribution of β-Globin Gene Mutations in Thalassemia Minor Population of Kerman Province, Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2010; 39:69-76. [PMID: 23113009 PMCID: PMC3481756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in β-globin gene may result in β-thalassemia major, which is one of the most common genetic disorders in Iran and some other countries. Knowing the beta-globin mutation spectrum improves the efficiency of prenatal diagnosis in the affected fetuses (major β-thalassemia) of heterozygote couples. METHODS Couples with high hemoglobin A(2) and low mean corpuscular volume were studied as suspicious of β-thalassemia carriers in Genetic Laboratory of Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran. We used amplification refractory mutation system, reverse hybridization, and DNA sequencing to determine the spectrum of β-globin gene mutation in the people who involved with β-thalassemia minor in this province. RESULTS Among the 266 subjects, 17 different types of mutation in β-globin gene were identified. Three of the mutations account for 77.1% of the studied cases. IVSI-5(G> C) was the most frequent mutation (66.2%) followed by IVSII-I (G> A) (6%) and Fr 8-9 (+G) (4.9%). The less frequent mutations include: IVSI-6(T> C), codon 15 (G>A), codon 44 (-C), codon 39 (C>T), codon 8 (-AA), codon30 (G> C), IVSI-110 (G > A), codon 36-37 (-T), 619bp deletion, codon 5 (-CT), IVSI-25bp del, codon 41-42(-TTCT), IVSI-I (G> A), and βnt30 (T>A) were accounted for 19.5%. Unknown alleles comprised 3.4% of the mutations. CONCLUSION However, the frequencies of different mutations reported here are significantly different from those found in other part of the world and even other Iranian provinces. Reporting a number of these mutations in the neighboring countries such as Pakistan can be explained by gene flow phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Saleh-Gohari
- Corresponding author: Tel: + 98 0341 3222246, Fax: + 98 341 3222763, E-mail:
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Al-Ali AK, Al-Ateeq S, Imamwerdi BW, Al-Sowayan S, Al-Madan M, Al-Muhanna F, Bashaweri L, Qaw F. Molecular bases of beta-thalassemia in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2005:322-5. [PMID: 16489266 PMCID: PMC1361487 DOI: 10.1155/jbb.2005.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia is a group of heterogeneous recessive
disorders common in many parts of the world. Al-Qatif and Al-Hassa
oases in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia are regions known
for high frequency of these disorders. Using two molecular
methods, based on multiplexing-amplification refractory system and
reverse hybridization principles, the spectrum of β-thalassemia in the region was studied. Sixty-nine subjects with
known β-thalassemia disease and volunteers with high
hemoglobin A2(HbA2) and low mean corpuscular
volume (MCV) were included in this study. Ten mutations were
detected in 91% of the subjects under study. Six of these
mutations had previously been observed while the other four
mutations are reported here for the first time. In addition, four
of the mutations accounted for 76.8% of the subjects studied.
IVSII-1 (G > A), IVSI-5 (G > A), and codon 39 (C > T)
mutations were found to be the most frequent. However, the
frequencies of different mutations reported here are slightly
different from those reported earlier. A number of these mutations
were also found in the neighboring countries, which can be
explained in terms of gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amein K Al-Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia.
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Haghi M, Feizi AAH, Feizi MAH, Pouladi N, Basak AN. Is the frameshift codons 8/9 (+G) [FSC 8/9 (+G)] beta-thalassemia mutation, detected by the polymerase chain reaction-amplification refractory mutation system, really FSC 8/9 (+G)? Hemoglobin 2010; 33:279-82. [PMID: 19657845 DOI: 10.1080/03630260903081075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There are several polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approaches for the analysis of known mutations. The PCR-amplification refractory mutation system (PCR-ARMS) is one of the best known and frequently used for the detection of beta-thalassemia (beta-thal) mutations. However, there is an important point to be considered when searching for the frameshift codon (FSC) 8 (-AA) and FSC 8/9 (+G) mutations. Whereas the primer is specific for the FSC 8 mutation only, the primer for the FSC 8/9 mutation does not discriminate between the FSC 8/9 and FSC 8 mutations. Thus, the high number of FSC8/9 mutations reported in countries like India, Pakistan and some regions of Iran may be due to the use of the FSC 8/9 primer, without taking the FSC 8 mutation into account. It is thus advisable to test for FSC 8 before the FSC 8/9 mutation whenever PCR-ARMS is the method of investigation for these two mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Haghi
- Department of Biology-Genetics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Jiffri EH, Bogari N, Zidan KH, Teama S, Elhawary NA. Molecular updating of β-thalassemia mutations in the Upper Egyptian population. Hemoglobin 2010; 34:538-47. [PMID: 21077761 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2010.526440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We have updated the dataset of the molecular spectrum of the β-thalassemia (β-thal) in Upper Egypt. Buccal swabs were analyzed from 94 unrelated patients with β-thal major (β-TM) using reverse dot-blot and multiplex amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). The most frequent mutation was IVS-I-110 (G>A) (57%). The IVS-I-110, IVS-I-6 (T>C) and IVS-I-1 (G>A) mutations accounted for 87% of the β-thal anomalies. The codon 39 (C>T) and frameshift codon (FSC) 6 (-A) (GAG>-GG) mutations were only detected in Al-Minya and Qina, respectively. We did not observe the IVS-II-745 (C>G) or -101 (C>T) mutations. Forty-three percent of Upper Egyptians were homozygotes. Our efforts were an important step to complete the mutation map of β-thal in Egypt restricted to Cairo and the Nile Delta regions. This study will help to develop preventative programs for Upper Egyptians. It addressed the genetic drift of the β-thal gene mutations in Africa, Asia, and Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam H Jiffri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University-Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Al Hawsawi ZM, Sairafy MH, Tarawah AM, Zolaly MA, Al Hegaily ARS. Experience with Combination Therapy of Deferiprone and Desferrioxamine in β-Thalassemia Major Patients with Iron Overload at Maternity and Children Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1658-3612(10)70121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Nikuei P, Hadavi V, Rajaei M, Saberi M, Hajizade F, Najmabadi H. Prenatal Diagnosis for β-Thalassemia Major in the Iranian Province of Hormozgan. Hemoglobin 2009; 32:539-45. [DOI: 10.1080/03630260802508327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hosseinpour Feizi MA, Hosseinpour Feizi AA, Pouladi N, Haghi M, Azarfam P. Molecular Spectrum of β-Thalassemia Mutations in Northwestern Iran. Hemoglobin 2009; 32:255-61. [DOI: 10.1080/03630260802004145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Agouti I, Badens C, Abouyoub A, Levy N, Bennani M. Molecular basis of beta-thalassemia in Morocco: possible origins of the molecular heterogeneity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 12:563-8. [PMID: 18976160 DOI: 10.1089/gte.2008.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the molecular spectrum of beta-thalassemia in the Moroccan population obtained by the identification of molecular defects responsible for this disease, and herewith we show that the Moroccan population is genetically heterogeneous; 18 different mutations have been found in the 158 beta-globin chromosomes studied. Eight mutations [codon 39 (C --> T), FSC-8 (-AA), IVS-II-745 (C --> G), -29 (A --> G), FSC-6 (-A), IVS-I-110 (G --> A), IVS-I-2 (T --> C), and IVS-I-1 (G --> A)] out of 18 beta-thalassemia mutations identified accounted for 76% of the Moroccan beta-thalassemia chromosomes. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) haplotype analysis showed that the observed genetic diversity originated from both new mutational events and gene flow due to migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Agouti
- Laboratoire de Biologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques , Tanger, Maroc.
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Al-Obaidli A, Hamodat M, Fawzi Z, Abu-Laban M, Gerard N, Krishnamoorthy R. Molecular basis of thalassemia in Qatar. Hemoglobin 2007; 31:121-7. [PMID: 17486492 DOI: 10.1080/03630260701288815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a paucity of information on the molecular basis of beta-thalassemia (thal) in Qatar, a country in the southern part of the Arabian Gulf. To decipher the molecular spectrum of beta- thalassemic alleles present in Qatar, we studied 31 clinically recognized patients, including three with sickle cell disease and beta-thal, and an additional six cases referred for unexplained microcytic anemia. We found 12 different beta-thalassemic alleles and two yet to be defined alleles, mutations likely occurring elsewhere than in the beta-globin gene per se. This is quite striking, given the small size of the study population, and highlights not only the ethnic diversity, but also the necessity of further investigating the thalassemic spectrum.
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