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Zhang YZ, Jia XJ, Xu WJ, Ding XQ, Wang XM, Chi XS, Hu Y, Yang XH. Metabolic profiling of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model: implications for pathogenesis and biomarker discovery. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1410051. [PMID: 39175820 PMCID: PMC11340507 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1410051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in metabolites and metabolic pathways are thought to be important triggers of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but our lack of a comprehensive understanding of this process has hampered the development of IPF-targeted drugs. Methods To fully understand the metabolic profile of IPF, C57BL/6 J male mice were injected intratracheally with bleomycin so that it could be used to construct a mouse model of IPF, and lung tissues from 28-day and control IPF mice were analyzed by pathology and immunohistochemistry. In addition, serum metabolites from IPF mice were examined using LC-ESI-MS/MS, and the differential metabolites were analyzed for KEGG metabolic pathways and screened for biomarkers using machine learning algorithms. Results In total, the levels of 1465 metabolites were detected, of which 104 metabolites were significantly altered after IPF formation. In IPF mouse serum, 52% of metabolite expression was downregulated, with lipids (e.g., GP, FA) and organic acids and their derivatives together accounting for more than 70% of the downregulated differentially expressed metabolites. In contrast, FA and oxidised lipids together accounted for 60% of the up-regulated differentially expressed metabolites. KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, pentose phosphate pathway, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Seven metabolites were screened by machine learning LASSO models and evaluated as ideal diagnostic tools by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs). Discussion In conclusion, the serum metabolic disorders found to be associated with pulmonary fibrosis formation will help to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-zhu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-juan Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-juan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-qian Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-meng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-sa Chi
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-hui Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Song W, Yue Y, Zhang Q, Wang X. Copper homeostasis dysregulation in respiratory diseases: a review of current knowledge. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1243629. [PMID: 38883186 PMCID: PMC11176810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1243629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cu is an essential micronutrient for various physiological processes in almost all human cell types. Given the critical role of Cu in a wide range of cellular processes, the local concentrations of Cu and the cellular distribution of Cu transporter proteins in the lung are essential for maintaining a steady-state internal environment. Dysfunctional Cu metabolism or regulatory pathways can lead to an imbalance in Cu homeostasis in the lungs, affecting both acute and chronic pathological processes. Recent studies have identified a new form of Cu-dependent cell death called cuproptosis, which has generated renewed interest in the role of Cu homeostasis in diseases. Cuproptosis differs from other known cell death pathways. This occurs through the direct binding of Cu ions to lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid cycle during mitochondrial respiration, leading to the aggregation of lipoylated proteins and the subsequent downregulation of Fe-S cluster proteins, which causes toxic stress to the proteins and ultimately leads to cell death. Here, we discuss the impact of dysregulated Cu homeostasis on the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic interstitial fibrosis, and lung cancer. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting Cu. This study highlights the intricate interplay between copper, cellular processes, and respiratory health. Copper, while essential, must be carefully regulated to maintain the delicate balance between necessity and toxicity in living organisms. This review highlights the need to further investigate the precise mechanisms of copper interactions with infections and immune inflammation in the context of respiratory diseases and explore the potential of therapeutic strategies for copper, cuproptosis, and other related effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyi Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Okeleji LO, Ajayi AF, Adebayo-Gege G, Aremu VO, Adebayo OI, Adebayo ET. Epidemiologic evidence linking oxidative stress and pulmonary function in healthy populations. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2021; 7:88-99. [PMID: 34136768 PMCID: PMC8180443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory health in the general population declines regardless of the presence of pulmonary diseases. Oxidative stress has been implicated as one of the mechanisms involved in respiratory dysfunction. This review was to evaluate studies that relate oxidative stress factors with pulmonary function among the general population without prior respiratory illnesses. The search yielded 54 citations. Twenty-one studies qualified for incorporation in this review. Owing to the heterogeneity of the review, studies were discussed based on identified oxidative stress factors responsible for pulmonary dysfunction. Oxidative stress biomarkers, including gene polymorphisms of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1, glutathione S transferase, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation products were involved in lung function decline. In addition, the antioxidant status of individuals in reference to dietary antioxidant intake and exposure to environmental pollutants affected oxidative stress and pulmonary function, as indicated by forced expired volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75%. This review indicated that oxidative stress is implicated in the gradual decline of lung function among the general population, and gene polymorphism along the antioxidant defense line and/or their interaction with air pollutants reduce lung function. Different polymorphic forms among individuals explain why the rate of lung function decline differs among people. Dietary antioxidants have respiratory health benefits in antioxidant gene polymorphic forms. Therefore, the genetic composition of an individual may be considered for monitoring and identifying people at risk of respiratory illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lateef Olabisi Okeleji
- Cardio-thoracic Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Grace Adebayo-Gege
- Department of Physiology, Baze University, Kuchigoro, Jabi, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Victoria Oyetayo Aremu
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Emmanuel Tayo Adebayo
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) use has exponentially increased in various applications (such as industrial catalyst, gas sensors, electronic materials, biomedicines, environmental remediation) due to their flexible properties, i.e. large surface area to volume ratio. These broad applications, however, have increased human exposure and thus the potential risk related to their short- and long-term toxicity. Their release in environment has drawn considerable attention which has become an eminent area of research and development. To understand the toxicological impact of CuO NPs, this review summarises the in-vitro and in-vivo toxicity of CuO NPs subjected to species (bacterial, algae, fish, rats, human cell lines) used for toxicological hazard assessment. The key factors that influence the toxicity of CuO NPs such as particle shape, size, surface functionalisation, time-dose interaction and animal and cell models are elaborated. The literature evidences that the CuO NPs exposure to the living systems results in reactive oxygen species generation, oxidative stress, inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immunotoxicity. However, the physio-chemical characteristics of CuO NPs, concentration, mode of exposure, animal model and assessment characteristics are the main perspectives that define toxicology of CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Gul
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Shahzad K, Khan MN, Jabeen F, Kosour N, Chaudhry AS, Sohail M. Evaluating toxicity of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) through waterborne exposure to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) by tissue accumulation, oxidative stress, histopathology, and genotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:15943-15953. [PMID: 29589240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in industries, and peak level can be confirmed in their surroundings. In the present study, the sub-lethal effects of CuO-NPs from low to high concentration as 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L were observed in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Accumulation of copper from CuO-NPs was increased with the increase in doses, and maximum accumulation was found in the gill than liver and muscles. The increased lipid peroxidation level was observed in the gill as compared to liver, and the similar results were obtained in catalase and glutathione while superoxide dismutase level was higher in the liver than gills. In histological alterations, gill edema, curved tips, fusion of gill lamellae, and thickening of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed. Necrosis and apoptosis with condensed nuclear bodies and pyknotic nuclei were observed in the liver at the highest dose concentration. In a genotoxic study, the highest value of % tail DNA and olive tail movement was observed with increasing concentrations. Copper oxide nanoparticles has greater potential to accumulate in the soft tissues, which may cause respiratory distress such as oxidative stress, induction of antioxidant defense by raising glutathione, organ pathology, and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Shahzad
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasreen Kosour
- Fisheries Research and Training Institute, Govt. of Punjab, Manawan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zafar H, Ali A, Zia M. CuO Nanoparticles Inhibited Root Growth from Brassica nigra Seedlings but Induced Root from Stem and Leaf Explants. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:365-378. [PMID: 27562818 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interests associated with nanoparticles (NPs) are budding due to their toxicity to living species. The lethal effect of NPs depends on their nature, size, shape, and concentration. Present investigation reports that CuO NPs badly affected Brassica nigra seed germination and seedling growth parameters. However, variation in antioxidative activities and nonenzymatic oxidants is observed in plantlets. Culturing the leaf and stem explants on MS medium in presence of low concentration of CuO NPs (1-20 mg l-1) produces white thin roots with thick root hairs. These roots also show an increase in DPPH radical scavenging activity (up to 80 % at 10 mg l-1), total antioxidant, and reducing power potential (maximum in presence of 10 mg l-1 CuO NPs in the media). Nonenzymatic antioxidative molecules, phenolics and flavonoids, are observed elevated but NPs concentration dependent. We can conclude that CuO NPs can induce rooting from plant explants cultured on appropriate medium. These roots can be explored for the production of active chemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Zafar
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Attarad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Murugadas A, Zeeshan M, Thamaraiselvi K, Ghaskadbi S, Akbarsha MA. Hydra as a model organism to decipher the toxic effects of copper oxide nanorod: Eco-toxicogenomics approach. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29663. [PMID: 27417574 PMCID: PMC4945869 DOI: 10.1038/srep29663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful field of applied research. However, the potential toxicity of nano-materials is a cause of concern. A thorough toxicological investigation is required before a nanomaterial is evaluated for application of any kind. In this context, there is concerted effort to find appropriate test systems to assess the toxicity of nanomaterials. Toxicity of a nanomaterial greatly depends on its physicochemical properties and the biological system with which it interacts. The present research was carried out with a view to generate data on eco-toxicological impacts of copper oxide nanorod (CuO NR) in Hydra magnipapillata 105 at organismal, cellular and molecular levels. Exposure of hydra to CuO NR resulted in severe morphological alterations in a concentration- as well as duration-dependent manner. Impairment of feeding, population growth, and regeneration was also observed. In vivo and in vitro analyses revealed induction of oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and molecular machinery of apoptotic cell death, accompanied by disruption of cell cycle progression. Taken together, CuO nanorod is potentially toxic to the biological systems. Also, hydra offers potential to be used as a convenient model organism for aquatic ecotoxicological risk assessment of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Murugadas
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.,Mahatma Gandhi - Doerenkamp Center for Alternatives to Use of Animals in Life Science Education, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.,Mahatma Gandhi - Doerenkamp Center for Alternatives to Use of Animals in Life Science Education, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Kaliannan Thamaraiselvi
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Surendra Ghaskadbi
- Developmental Biology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune 411004, India
| | - Mohammad Abdulkader Akbarsha
- Mahatma Gandhi - Doerenkamp Center for Alternatives to Use of Animals in Life Science Education, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Fahmy B, Cormier SA. Copper oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in airway epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:1365-71. [PMID: 19699289 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are often used as industrial catalysts and elevated levels of these particles have been clearly demonstrated at sites surrounding factories. To date, limited toxicity data on metal oxide nanoparticles are available. To understand the impact of these airborne pollutants on the respiratory system, airway epithelial (HEp-2) cells were exposed to increasing doses of silicon oxide (SiO(2)), ferric oxide (Fe(2)O(3)) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles, the leading metal oxides found in ambient air surrounding factories. CuO induced the greatest amount of cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner; while even high doses (400 microg/cm(2)) of SiO(2) and Fe(2)O(3) were non-toxic to HEp-2 cells. Although all metal oxide nanoparticles were able to generate ROS in HEp-2 cells, CuO was better able to overwhelm antioxidant defenses (e.g. catalase and glutathione reductase). A significant increase in the level of 8-isoprostanes and in the ratio of GSSG to total glutathione in cells exposed to CuO suggested that ROS generated by CuO induced oxidative stress in HEp-2 cells. Co-treatment of cells with CuO and the antioxidant resveratrol increased cell viability suggesting that oxidative stress may be the cause of the cytotoxic effect of CuO. These studies demonstrated that there is a high degree of variability in the cytotoxic effects of metal oxides, that this variability is not due to the solubility of the transition metal, and that this variability appears to involve sustained oxidative stress possibly due to redox cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baher Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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