1
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Role of microRNAs in regulation of doxorubicin and paclitaxel responses in lung tumor cells. Cell Div 2023; 18:11. [PMID: 37480054 PMCID: PMC10362644 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer related mortality is always one of the main global health challenges. Despite the recent progresses in therapeutic methods, the mortality rate is still significantly high among lung cancer patients. A wide range of therapeutic methods including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are used to treat lung cancer. Doxorubicin (DOX) and Paclitaxel (TXL) are widely used as the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs in lung cancer. However, there is a significant high percentage of DOX/TXL resistance in lung cancer patients, which leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Considering, the side effects of these drugs in normal tissues, it is required to clarify the molecular mechanisms of DOX/TXL resistance to introduce the efficient prognostic and therapeutic markers in lung cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in regulation of different pathophysiological processes including cell division, apoptosis, migration, and drug resistance. MiRNA deregulations are widely associated with chemo resistance in various cancers. Therefore, considering the importance of miRNAs in chemotherapy response, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of DOX/TXL response in lung cancer patients. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly induced DOX/TXL sensitivity in lung tumor cells by the regulation of signaling pathways, autophagy, transcription factors, and apoptosis. This review can be an effective step in introducing miRNAs as the non-invasive prognostic markers to predict DOX/TXL response in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Nuclear p120 catenin is a component of the perichromosomal layer and coordinates sister chromatid segregation during mitosis in lung cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:526. [PMID: 35660718 PMCID: PMC9167299 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of p120 catenin is associated with the malignant phenotype in human lung cancer. Numerous studies have focused on the function of p120 catenin in the juxta-membrane compartment. However, the role of nuclear p120 catenin remains unclear. In this study, the dynamic changes in nuclear p120 catenin localization during cell cycle progression were investigated. Immunofluorescent staining, FACS analysis, and western blotting revealed that nuclear p120 catenin is a major architectural constituent of the chromosome periphery during mitosis. During mitosis, granule-like p120 catenin dispersed into a cloudy-like structure and formed cordon-like structures surrounding the condensed chromosomes to create the peri-chromosomal layer. Interestingly, lumican and p120 catenin colocalized at the spindle fiber where the perichromosomal layer connects to the condensed chromosomes during mitosis. Furthermore, downregulation of p120 catenin using a specific siRNA induced cell cycle stalling in the G2/M phase and promoted aneuploidy. This study validates the role of nuclear p120 catenin in the formation of the chromosome periphery and reveals the p120 catenin-lumican interaction may couple orientation of cell division with the segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. Our data suggest the protective role of p120 catenin in maintaining the integrity of chromosomes, and also warrants further studies to evaluate the contribution of the loss of p120 catenin to the creation of gene rearrangement in cancer evolution and tumor progression.
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3
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Gallego-Paez LM, Mauer J. DJExpress: An Integrated Application for Differential Splicing Analysis and Visualization. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 2:786898. [PMID: 36304260 PMCID: PMC9580925 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2022.786898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-seq analysis of alternative pre-mRNA splicing has facilitated an unprecedented understanding of transcriptome complexity in health and disease. However, despite the availability of countless bioinformatic pipelines for transcriptome-wide splicing analysis, the use of these tools is often limited to expert bioinformaticians. The need for high computational power, combined with computational outputs that are complicated to visualize and interpret present obstacles to the broader research community. Here we introduce DJExpress, an R package for differential expression analysis of transcriptomic features and expression-trait associations. To determine gene-level differential junction usage as well as associations between junction expression and molecular/clinical features, DJExpress uses raw splice junction counts as input data. Importantly, DJExpress runs on an average laptop computer and provides a set of interactive and intuitive visualization formats. In contrast to most existing pipelines, DJExpress can handle both annotated and de novo identified splice junctions, thereby allowing the quantification of novel splice events. Moreover, DJExpress offers a web-compatible graphical interface allowing the analysis of user-provided data as well as the visualization of splice events within our custom database of differential junction expression in cancer (DJEC DB). DJEC DB includes not only healthy and tumor tissue junction expression data from TCGA and GTEx repositories but also cancer cell line data from the DepMap project. The integration of DepMap functional genomics data sets allows association of junction expression with molecular features such as gene dependencies and drug response profiles. This facilitates identification of cancer cell models for specific splicing alterations that can then be used for functional characterization in the lab. Thus, DJExpress represents a powerful and user-friendly tool for exploration of alternative splicing alterations in RNA-seq data, including multi-level data integration of alternative splicing signatures in healthy tissue, tumors and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Mauer
- *Correspondence: Lina Marcela Gallego-Paez, ; Jan Mauer,
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4
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Grbčić P, Fučkar Čupić D, Gamberi T, Kraljević Pavelić S, Sedić M. Proteomic Profiling of BRAFV600E Mutant Colon Cancer Cells Reveals the Involvement of Nucleophosmin/c-Myc Axis in Modulating the Response and Resistance to BRAF Inhibition by Vemurafenib. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126174. [PMID: 34201061 PMCID: PMC8228139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAFV600E mutations are found in approximately 10% of colorectal cancer patients and are associated with worse prognosis and poor outcomes with systemic therapies. The aim of this study was to identify novel druggable features of BRAFV600E-mutated colon cancer (CC) cells associated with the response and resistance to BRAFV600E inhibitor vemurafenib. Towards this aim, we carried out global proteomic profiling of BRAFV600E mutant vs. KRAS mutant/BRAF wild-type and double wild-type KRAS/BRAF CC cells followed by bioinformatics analyses. Validation of selected proteomic features was performed by immunohistochemistry and in silico using the TCGA database. We reveal an increased abundance and activity of nucleophosmin (NPM1) in BRAFV600E-mutated CC in vitro, in silico and in tumor tissues from colon adenocarcinoma patients and demonstrate the roles of NPM1 and its interaction partner c-Myc in conveying the resistance to vemurafenib. Pharmacological inhibition of NPM1 effectively restored the sensitivity of vemurafenib-resistant BRAF-mutated CC cells by down-regulating c-Myc expression and activity and consequently suppressing its transcriptional targets RanBP1 and phosphoserine phosphatase that regulate centrosome duplication and serine biosynthesis, respectively. Altogether, findings from this study suggest that the NPM1/c-Myc axis could represent a promising therapeutic target to thwart resistance to vemurafenib in BRAF-mutated CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Grbčić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Dora Fučkar Čupić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Ul. Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Tania Gamberi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche Mario Serio, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | | | - Mirela Sedić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-51-584-574
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5
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Principal Postulates of Centrosomal Biology. Version 2020. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102156. [PMID: 32987651 PMCID: PMC7598677 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome, which consists of two centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material, is a unique structure that has retained its main features in organisms of various taxonomic groups from unicellular algae to mammals over one billion years of evolution. In addition to the most noticeable function of organizing the microtubule system in mitosis and interphase, the centrosome performs many other cell functions. In particular, centrioles are the basis for the formation of sensitive primary cilia and motile cilia and flagella. Another principal function of centrosomes is the concentration in one place of regulatory proteins responsible for the cell's progression along the cell cycle. Despite the existing exceptions, the functioning of the centrosome is subject to general principles, which are discussed in this review.
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6
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Yang T, Li H, Chen T, Ren H, Shi P, Chen M. LncRNA MALAT1 Depressed Chemo-Sensitivity of NSCLC Cells through Directly Functioning on miR-197-3p/p120 Catenin Axis. Mol Cells 2019; 42:270-283. [PMID: 30841025 PMCID: PMC6449715 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.2364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to explore if lncRNA MALAT1 would modify chemo-resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by regulating miR-197-3p and p120 catenin (p120-ctn). Within this investigation, we totally recruited 326 lung cancer patients, and purchased 4 NSCLC cell lines of A549, H1299, SPC-A-1 and H460. Moreover, cisplatin, adriamycin, gefitinib and paclitaxel were arranged as chemotherapies, and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were calculated to evaluate the chemo-resistance of the cells. Furthermore, mice models of NSCLC were also established to assess the impacts of MALAT1, miR-197-3p and p120-ctn on tumor growth. Our results indicated that MALAT1 and miR-197-3p were both over-expressed within NSCLC tissues and cells, when compared with normal tissues and cells (P < 0.05). The A549, H460, SPC-A-1 and SPC-A-1 displayed maximum resistances to cisplatin (IC50 = 15.70 μg/ml), adriamycin (IC50 = 5.58 μg/ml), gefitinib (96.82 μmol/L) and paclitaxel (141.97 nmol/L). Over-expression of MALAT1 and miR-197-3p, or under-expression of p120-ctn were associated with promoted viability and growth of the cancer cells (P < 0.05), and they could significantly strengthen the chemo-resistance of cancer cells (P < 0.05). MALAT1 Wt or p120-ctn Wt co-transfected with miR-197-3p mimic was observed with significantly reduced luciferase activity within NSCLC cells (P < 0.05). Finally, the NSCLC mice models were observed with larger tumor size and weight under circumstances of over-expressed MALAT1 and miR-197-3p, or under-expressed p120-ctn (P < 0.05). In conclusion, MALAT1 could alter chemo-resistance of NSCLC cells by targeting miR-197-3p and regulating p120-ctn expression, which might assist in improvement of chemo-therapies for NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Base Sequence
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Catenins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Delta Catenin
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061,
China
| | - Hong Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061,
China
| | - Tianjun Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061,
China
| | - Hui Ren
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061,
China
| | - Puyu Shi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061,
China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061,
China
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7
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Ramachandran V, Wang R, Ramachandran SS, Ahmed AS, Phan K, Antonsen EL. Effects of spaceflight on cartilage: implications on spinal physiology. JOURNAL OF SPINE SURGERY 2018; 4:433-445. [PMID: 30069539 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2018.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Spaceflight alters normal physiology of cells and tissues observed on Earth. The effects of spaceflight on the musculoskeletal system have been thoroughly studied, however, the effects on cartilage have not. This area is gaining more relevance as long duration missions, such as Mars, are planned. The impact on intervertebral discs and articular cartilage are of particular interest to astronauts and their physicians. This review surveys the literature and reports on the current body of knowledge regarding the effects of spaceflight on cartilage, and specifically changes to the spine and intervertebral disc integrity and physiology. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Eighty-six unique papers were identified, 15 of which were included. The effect of spaceflight on cartilage is comprehensively presented due to limited research on the effect of microgravity on the spine/intervertebral discs. Cellular, animal, and human studies are discussed, focusing on human physiologic changes, cartilage histology, mineralization, biomechanics, chondrogenesis, and tissue engineering. Several common themes were found, such as decreased structural integrity of intervertebral disks and impaired osteogenesis/ossification. However, studies also presented conflicting results, rendering strong conclusions difficult. The paucity of human cartilage studies in spaceflight leaves extrapolation from other model systems the only current option for drawing conclusions despite known and unknown limitations in applicability to human physiology, especially spinal pathophysiology which is special interest. The aerospace and biomedical research communities would benefit from further human spaceflight articular cartilage and intervertebral disc studies. Further research may yield beneficial application for spaceflight, and crossover in understanding and treating terrestrial diseases like osteoarthritis and vertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruifei Wang
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shyam S Ramachandran
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Adil S Ahmed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kevin Phan
- NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group (NSURG), Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Erik L Antonsen
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Houston, TX, USA
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8
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Mahathre MM, Rida PC, Aneja R. The more the messier: centrosome amplification as a novel biomarker for personalized treatment of colorectal cancers. J Biomed Res 2016; 30:441-451. [PMID: 27924065 PMCID: PMC5138576 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.30.20150109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is currently the third most common cancer and second most fatal cancer in the United States, resulting in approximately 600,000 deaths annually. Though colorectal cancer death rates are decreasing by about 3% every year, disease outcomes could be substantially improved with more research into the drivers of colon carcinogenesis, the determinants of aggressiveness in colorectal cancer and the identification of biomarkers that could enable choice of more optimal treatments. Colon carcinogenesis is notably a slow process that can take decades. Known factors that contribute to the development of colon cancer are mutational, epigenetic and environmental, and risk factors include age, history of polyps and family history of colon cancer. Colorectal cancers exhibit heterogeneity in their features and are often characterized by the presence of chromosomal instability, microscopic satellite instability, or CpG island methylator phenotype. In this review, we propose that centrosome amplification may be a widespread occurrence in colorectal cancers and could potently influence tumor biology. Moreover, the quantitation of this cancer-specific anomaly could offer valuable prognostic information and pave the way for further customization of treatment based on the organellar profile of patients. Patient stratification models that take into account centrosomal status could thus potentially reduce adverse side effects and result in improved outcomes for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Mahathre
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Padmashree Cg Rida
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Novazoi Theranostics Inc., Plano, TX 75025, USA
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Center for Obesity Research, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
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9
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Shahbazi MN, Perez-Moreno M. Connections between cadherin-catenin proteins, spindle misorientation, and cancer. Tissue Barriers 2015; 3:e1045684. [PMID: 26451345 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2015.1045684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin-catenin mediated adhesion is an important determinant of tissue architecture in multicellular organisms. Cancer progression and maintenance is frequently associated with loss of their expression or functional activity, which not only leads to decreased cell-cell adhesion, but also to enhanced tumor cell proliferation and loss of differentiated characteristics. This review is focused on the emerging implications of cadherin-catenin proteins in the regulation of polarized divisions through their connections with the centrosomes, cytoskeleton, tissue tension and signaling pathways; and illustrates how alterations in cadherin-catenin levels or functional activity may render cells susceptible to transformation through the loss of their proliferation-differentiation balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta N Shahbazi
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience; University of Cambridge ; Cambridge, UK
| | - Mirna Perez-Moreno
- Epithelial Cell Biology Group; Cancer Cell Biology Program; Spanish National Cancer Research Centre ; Madrid, Spain
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10
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Gehren AS, Rocha MR, de Souza WF, Morgado-Díaz JA. Alterations of the apical junctional complex and actin cytoskeleton and their role in colorectal cancer progression. Tissue Barriers 2015; 3:e1017688. [PMID: 26451338 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2015.1017688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer represents the fourth highest mortality rate among cancer types worldwide. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate their progression can prevents or reduces mortality due to this disease. Epithelial cells present an apical junctional complex connected to the actin cytoskeleton, which maintains the dynamic properties of this complex, tissue architecture and cell homeostasis. Several studies have indicated that apical junctional complex alterations and actin cytoskeleton disorganization play a critical role in epithelial cancer progression. However, few studies have examined the existence of an interrelation between these 2 components, particularly in colorectal cancer. This review discusses the recent progress toward elucidating the role of alterations of apical junctional complex constituents and of modifications of actin cytoskeleton organization and discusses how these events are interlinked to modulate cellular responses related to colorectal cancer progression toward successful metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sartorio Gehren
- Program of Cellular Biology; Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Murilo Ramos Rocha
- Program of Cellular Biology; Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - José Andrés Morgado-Díaz
- Program of Cellular Biology; Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Zhao H, Zhao Y, Jiang G, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Dong Q, Luan L, Papavassiliou P, Wang E, Wang E. Dishevelled-3 activates p65 to upregulate p120-catenin transcription via a p38-dependent pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54 Suppl 1:E112-21. [PMID: 25156800 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dishevelled-3 (Dvl-3) and p120-catenin (p120ctn) have abnormal expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is associated with poor prognosis. Dvl-3 upregulates p120ctn transcription in NSCLC cells, but the mechanism is unknown. Here we transiently transfected Dvl-3 cDNA to NSCLC cells. Dvl-3 transfection is sufficient for induction of p38 signaling. In turn, Dvl-3 induces p38-mediated activation of the p65 so as to facilitate its nuclear translocation. Treatment with SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) or BAY 11-7082 (IκB-α phosphorylation inhibitor) suppresses Dvl-3 induced activation of p65. The results further show that active p65 interacts with PAX2 promoter to increase the expression of PAX2 and then PAX2 binds to p120ctn promoter so as to upregulate p120ctn gene transcription. Moreover, Dvl-3 transfection enhanced the binding of active p65 to Sp1 so as to decrease the binding of Sp1 to p120ctn promoter. The above-mentioned effects are linked to biological behavior of non-small cell lung cancer cells. These findings confirm that p38 and PAX2 are important for the Dvl-3 induced upregulation of p120ctn. Dvl-3 activates a p38 → p65 → PAX2 → p120ctn pathway to affect biological behavior of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
| | - Xiupeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
| | - Qianze Dong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
| | - Lan Luan
- Department of Pathology, Fengtian Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, China
| | | | - Endi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Enhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, China
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12
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Yu CY, Liang GB, Du P, Liu YH. Lgr4 promotes glioma cell proliferation through activation of Wnt signaling. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4907-11. [PMID: 24083766 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.8.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The key signaling networks regulating glioma cell proliferation remain poorly defined. The leucine-rich repeat containing G-protein coupled receptor 4 (Lgr4) has been implicated in intestinal, gastric, and epidermal cell functions. We investigated whether Lgr4 functions in glioma cells and found that Lgr4 expression was significantly increased in glioma tissues. In addition, Lgr4 overexpression promoted while its knockdown using small interfering RNA oligos inhibited glioma cell proliferation. In addition, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was activated in cells overexpressing Lgr4. Therefore, our results revealed that Lgr4 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to regulate glioma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China E-mail :
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13
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Pellissier LP, Alves CH, Quinn PM, Vos RM, Tanimoto N, Lundvig DMS, Dudok JJ, Hooibrink B, Richard F, Beck SC, Huber G, Sothilingam V, Garcia Garrido M, Le Bivic A, Seeliger MW, Wijnholds J. Targeted ablation of CRB1 and CRB2 in retinal progenitor cells mimics Leber congenital amaurosis. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003976. [PMID: 24339791 PMCID: PMC3854796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Development in the central nervous system is highly dependent on the regulation of the switch from progenitor cell proliferation to differentiation, but the molecular and cellular events controlling this process remain poorly understood. Here, we report that ablation of Crb1 and Crb2 genes results in severe impairment of retinal function, abnormal lamination and thickening of the retina mimicking human Leber congenital amaurosis due to loss of CRB1 function. We show that the levels of CRB1 and CRB2 proteins are crucial for mouse retinal development, as they restrain the proliferation of retinal progenitor cells. The lack of these apical proteins results in altered cell cycle progression and increased number of mitotic cells leading to an increased number of late-born cell types such as rod photoreceptors, bipolar and Müller glia cells in postmitotic retinas. Loss of CRB1 and CRB2 in the retina results in dysregulation of target genes for the Notch1 and YAP/Hippo signaling pathways and increased levels of P120-catenin. Loss of CRB1 and CRB2 result in altered progenitor cell cycle distribution with a decrease in number of late progenitors in G1 and an increase in S and G2/M phase. These findings suggest that CRB1 and CRB2 suppress late progenitor pool expansion by regulating multiple proliferative signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie P. Pellissier
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Celso Henrique Alves
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M. Quinn
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier M. Vos
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Naoyuki Tanimoto
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ditte M. S. Lundvig
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J. Dudok
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Berend Hooibrink
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Amsterdam Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabrice Richard
- Aix-Marseille University, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille Luminy (IBDML) and CNRS, UMR 6216, Marseille, France
| | - Susanne C. Beck
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gesine Huber
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vithiyanjali Sothilingam
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marina Garcia Garrido
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - André Le Bivic
- Aix-Marseille University, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille Luminy (IBDML) and CNRS, UMR 6216, Marseille, France
| | - Mathias W. Seeliger
- Division of Ocular Neurodegeneration, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Neuromedical Genetics, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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p120 catenin: an essential regulator of cadherin stability, adhesion-induced signaling, and cancer progression. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 116:409-32. [PMID: 23481205 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394311-8.00018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
p120 catenin is the best studied member of a subfamily of proteins that associate with the cadherin juxtamembrane domain to suppress cadherin endocytosis. p120 also recruits the minus ends of microtubules to the cadherin complex, leading to junction maturation. In addition, p120 regulates the activity of Rho family GTPases through multiple interactions with Rho GEFs, GAPs, Rho GTPases, and their effectors. Nuclear signaling is affected by the interaction of p120 with Kaiso, a transcription factor regulating Wnt-responsive genes as well as transcriptionally repressing methylated promoters. Multiple alternatively spliced p120 isoforms and complex phosphorylation events affect these p120 functions. In cancer, reduced p120 expression correlates with reduced E-cadherin function and with tumor progression. In contrast, in tumor cells that have lost E-cadherin expression, p120 promotes cell invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, p120 is required for Src-induced oncogenic transformation and provides a potential target for future therapeutic interventions.
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15
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Is expression of p120ctn in oral squamous cell carcinomas a prognostic factor? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 115:789-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhang H, Dai SD, Zhang D, Liu D, Zhang FY, Zheng TY, Cui MM, Dai CL. Delta-catenin promotes the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by binding to E-cadherin in a competitive manner with p120 catenin. Target Oncol 2013; 9:53-61. [PMID: 23423910 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-013-0269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
δ-Catenin is the only member of the p120 catenin (p120ctn) subfamily whose normal pattern of expression is restricted to the brain. Similar to p120ctn, δ-catenin can bind to the juxtamembrane domain of E-cadherin. We examined the expression of δ-catenin, p120ctn, and E-cadherin using immunohistochemistry in 95 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and 15 normal colon tissues. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to examine whether δ-catenin competed with p120ctn to bind E-cadherin in CRC cells. The effects of δ-catenin overexpression or siRNA-mediated knockdown on the proliferation and invasive ability of CRC cells were investigated using the MTT and Matrigel invasion assays. The results showed that positive δ-catenin expression was significantly more frequent in CRC compared to normal colon tissues and associated with poor differentiation, stage III-IV disease, and lymph node metastasis in CRC (all P < 0.05). In two CRC cell lines, δ-catenin bound to E-cadherin in competition with p120ctn. Overexpression of δ-catenin promoted the proliferation and invasion of CRC cells; knockdown of δ-catenin reduced CRC cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, we speculate that overexpression of δ-catenin reduces the expression of E-cadherin and alters the balance between E-cadherin and p120ctn, which in turn affects the formation of intercellular adhesions and promotes invasion and metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,
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Behnes CL, Hemmerlein B, Strauss A, Radzun HJ, Bremmer F. N-cadherin is differentially expressed in histological subtypes of papillary renal cell carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:95. [PMID: 22888908 PMCID: PMC3539962 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a rare tumor, which is divided, based on histological criteria, into two subtypes. In contrast to type I papillary RCC type II papillary RCC shows a worse prognosis. So far, reliable immunohistochemical markers for the distinction of these subtypes are not available. Methods In the present study the expression of N(neural)-, E(epithelial)-, P(placental)-, und KSP(kidney specific)-cadherin was examined in 22 papillary RCC of histological type I and 18 papillary RCC of histological type II (n = 40). Results All papillary RCC type II displayed a membranous expression for N-cadherin, whereas type I did not show any membranous positivity for N-cadherin. E-cadherin exhibited a stronger, but not significant, membranous as well as cytoplasmic expression in type II than in type I papillary RCC. A diagnostic relevant expression of P- and KSP-cadherin could not be demonstrated in both tumor entities. Conclusion Thus N-cadherin represents the first immunhistochemical marker for a clear cut differentiation between papillary RCC type I and type II and could be a target for therapy and diagnostic in the future. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2011556982761733
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Ludwig Behnes
- Department of Pathology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str 40, 37083 Göttingen, Germany.
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Liu Y, Zhang F, Zhang XF, Qi LS, Yang L, Guo H, Zhang N. Expression of nucleophosmin/NPM1 correlates with migration and invasiveness of colon cancer cells. J Biomed Sci 2012; 19:53. [PMID: 22631075 PMCID: PMC3404909 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-19-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to examine the expression level of Nucleophosmin (NPM1) protein in colon cancer tissues and to investigate the potential role of NPM1 in the regulation of cell migration and invasiveness. Methods Immunohistochemical assay was performed to examine the expression pattern of NPM1 in 31 groups of colonic carcinoma samples, including colon tumors, adjacent normal tissues, and matched metastatic lymph nodes from the same patients. Small interfering RNA technique and exogenous expression of wild type NPM1 methods were used to further verify the function of NPM1. Results High-expression of NPM1 correlates with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0003) and poor survival rate of human colon cancer patients (P = 0.017). SiRNA-mediated reduction of NPM1 was also shown to inhibit the migration and invasiveness of metastatic colon cancer HCT116 cell line. In addition, the exogenous expression of NPM1 in HT29 cells, a NPM1 low expression and low invasive colon cancer cell line, enhanced cell migration and invasiveness along with increased cell proliferation. Conclusions The current study uncovered the critical role of NPM1 in the regulation of colon cancer cells migration and invasion, and NPM1 may serve as a potential marker for the prognosis of colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
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19
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Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a nucleolar phosphoprotein that is involved in many cellular processes and has both oncogenic and growth suppressing activities. NPM is localized primarily in nucleoli but shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and sustained cytoplasmic distribution contributes to its tumor promoting activities. Plakoglobin (PG, γ-catenin) is a homolog of β-catenin with dual adhesive and signaling functions. These proteins interact with cadherins and mediate adhesion, while their signaling activities are regulated by association with various intracellular partners. Despite these similarities, β-catenin has a well-defined oncogenic activity, whereas PG acts as a tumor/metastasis suppressor through unknown mechanisms. Comparison of the proteomic profiles of carcinoma cell lines with low- or no PG expression with their PG-expressing transfectants has identified NPM as being upregulated upon PG expression. Here, we examined NPM subcellular distribution and in vitro tumorigenesis/metastasis in the highly invasive and very low PG expressing MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231) breast cancer cells and their transfectants expressing increased PG (MDA-231-PG) or NPM shRNA (MDA-231-NPM-KD) or both (MDA-231-NPM-KD+PG). Increased PG expression increased the levels of nucleolar NPM and coimmunoprecipitation studies showed that NPM interacts with PG. PG expression or NPM knockdown decreased the growth rate of MDA-231 cells substantially and this reduction was decreased further in MDA-231-NPM-KD+PG cells. In in vitro tumorigenesis/metastasis assays, MDA-231-PG cells showed substantially lower and MDA-231-NPM-KD cells substantially higher invasiveness relative to the MDA-231 parental cells, and the co-expression of PG and NPM shRNA led to even further reduction of the invasiveness of MDA-231-PG cells. Furthermore, examination of the levels and localization of PG and NPM in primary biopsies of metastatic infiltrating ductal carcinomas revealed coordinated expression of PG and NPM. Together, the data suggest that PG may regulate NPM subcellular distribution, which may potentially change the function of the NPM protein from oncogenic to tumor suppression.
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20
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Jiang G, Wang Y, Dai S, Liu Y, Stoecker M, Wang E, Wang E. P120-catenin isoforms 1 and 3 regulate proliferation and cell cycle of lung cancer cells via β-catenin and Kaiso respectively. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30303. [PMID: 22276175 PMCID: PMC3262806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The different mechanisms involved in p120-catenin (p120ctn) isoforms' 1/3 regulation of cell cycle progression are still not elucidated to date. Methods and Findings We found that both cyclin D1 and cyclin E could be effectively restored by restitution of p120ctn-1A or p120ctn-3A in p120ctn depleted lung cancer cells. When the expression of cyclin D1 was blocked by co-transfection with siRNA-cyclin D1 in p120ctn depleted cells restoring p120ctn-1A or 3A, the expression of cyclin E was slightly decreased, not increased, implying that p120ctn isoforms 1 and 3 cannot up-regulate cyclin E directly but may do so through up-regulation of cyclin D1. Interestingly, overexpression of p120ctn-1A increased β-catenin and cyclin D1 expression, while co-transfection with siRNA targeting β-catenin abolishes the effect of p120ctn-1A on up-regulation of cyclin D1, suggesting a role of β-catenin in mediating p120ctn-1A's regulatory function on cyclin D1 expression. On the other hand, overexpression of p120ctn isoform 3A reduced nuclear Kaiso localization, thus decreasing the binding of Kaiso to KBS on the cyclin D1 promoter and thereby enhancing the expression of cyclin D1 gene by relieving the repressor effect of Kaiso. Because overexpressing NLS-p120ctn-3A (p120ctn-3A nuclear target localization plasmids) or inhibiting nuclear export of p120ctn-3 by Leptomycin B (LMB) caused translocation of Kaiso to the nucleus, it is plausible that the nuclear export of Kaiso is p120ctn-3-dependent. Conclusions Our results suggest that p120ctn isoforms 1 and 3 up-regulate cyclin D1, and thereby cyclin E, resulting in the promotion of cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in lung cancer cells probably via different protein mediators, namely, β-catenin for isoform 1 and Kaiso, a negative transcriptional factor of cyclin D1, for isoform 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shundong Dai
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Maggie Stoecker
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Endi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Enhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
After years of extensive scientific discovery much has been learned about the networks that regulate epithelial homeostasis. Loss of expression or functional activity of cell adhesion and cell polarity proteins (including the PAR, crumbs (CRB) and scribble (SCRIB) complexes) is intricately related to advanced stages of tumour progression and invasiveness. But the key roles of these proteins in crosstalk with the Hippo and liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMPK pathways and in epithelial function and proliferation indicate that they may also be associated with the early stages of tumorigenesis. For example, deregulation of adhesion and polarity proteins can cause misoriented cell divisions and increased self-renewal of adult epithelial stem cells. In this Review, we highlight some advances in the understanding of how loss of epithelial cell polarity contributes to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martin-Belmonte
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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The Misregulation of Cell Adhesion Components during Tumorigenesis: Overview and Commentary. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20953359 PMCID: PMC2952821 DOI: 10.1155/2010/174715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion complexes facilitate attachment between cells or the binding of cells to the extracellular matrix. The regulation of cell adhesion is an important step in embryonic development and contributes to tissue homeostasis allowing processes such as differentiation and cell migration. Many mechanisms of cancer progression are reminiscent of embryonic development, for example, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and involve the disruption of cell adhesion and expression changes in components of cell adhesion structures. Tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes, and focal adhesion besides their roles in cell-cell or cell-matrix interaction also possess cell signaling function. Perturbations of such signaling pathways can lead to cancer. This article gives an overview of the common structures of cell adhesion and summarizes the impact of their loss on cancer development and progression with articles highlighted from the present issue.
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Yang I, Chang O, Lu Q, Kim K. Delta-catenin affects the localization and stability of p120-catenin by competitively interacting with E-cadherin. Mol Cells 2010; 29:233-7. [PMID: 20108168 PMCID: PMC3918506 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-010-0030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin is a member of the cadherin family of Ca(2+)-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecules. p120-Catenin and delta-catenin are known to bind to similar juxtamembrane regions of E-cadherin, and p120-catenin is known to stabilize E-cadherin. However, the function of competition between p120-catenin and delta-catenin for E-cadherin has not been fully explained. In this report, we show that cells overexpressing delta-catenin contain less p120-catenin than control cells at the cell-cell interface and that this causes the relocalization of p120-catenin from the plasma membrane to the cytosol. We show that successful binding by either one to E-cadherin adversely affects the stability of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhwan Yang
- The College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Ockyoung Chang
- The College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, U.S.A
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- The College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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Soubry A, Staes K, Parthoens E, Noppen S, Stove C, Bogaert P, van Hengel J, van Roy F. The transcriptional repressor Kaiso localizes at the mitotic spindle and is a constituent of the pericentriolar material. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9203. [PMID: 20169156 PMCID: PMC2821401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaiso is a BTB/POZ zinc finger protein known as a transcriptional repressor. It was originally identified through its in vitro association with the Armadillo protein p120ctn. Subcellular localization of Kaiso in cell lines and in normal and cancerous human tissues revealed that its expression is not restricted to the nucleus. In the present study we monitored Kaiso's subcellular localization during the cell cycle and found the following: (1) during interphase, Kaiso is located not only in the nucleus, but also on microtubular structures, including the centrosome; (2) at metaphase, it is present at the centrosomes and on the spindle microtubules; (3) during telophase, it accumulates at the midbody. We found that Kaiso is a genuine PCM component that belongs to a pericentrin molecular complex. We analyzed the functions of different domains of Kaiso by visualizing the subcellular distribution of GFP-tagged Kaiso fragments throughout the cell cycle. Our results indicate that two domains are responsible for targeting Kaiso to the centrosomes and microtubules. The first domain, designated SA1 for spindle-associated domain 1, is located in the center of the Kaiso protein and localizes at the spindle microtubules and centrosomes; the second domain, SA2, is an evolutionarily conserved domain situated just before the zinc finger domain and might be responsible for localizing Kaiso towards the centrosomal region. Constructs containing both SA domains and Kaiso's aminoterminal BTB/POZ domain triggered the formation of abnormal centrosomes. We also observed that overexpression of longer or full-length Kaiso constructs led to mitotic cell arrest and frequent cell death. Knockdown of Kaiso accelerated cell proliferation. Our data reveal a new target for Kaiso at the centrosomes and spindle microtubules during mitosis. They also strongly imply that Kaiso's function as a transcriptional regulator might be linked to the control of the cell cycle and to cell proliferation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelheid Soubry
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Staes
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eef Parthoens
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Stove
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Bogaert
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolanda van Hengel
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Fei Y, Cheng Z, Liu S, Liu X, Ge Z, Wang F, Zong G, Wang W. Expression and clinical significance of p120 catenin mRNA and protein in pancreatic carcinoma. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2009; 9:191-7. [PMID: 19754472 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2009.2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was investigate the association of P120 catenin expression with the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma. RT-PCR was performed to investigate the expression of P120 catenin mRNA and western blotting were performed to investigate the expression of P120 catenin protein in 52 patients with pancreatic carcinoma. The relationships between P120 catenin expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. The mRNA and protein expression of P120 catenin detected by RT-PCR and western blotting in pancreatic carcinoma was significantly lower than that in normal pancreatic tissues (0.227+/-0.067 vs 0.793+/-0.162, t=9.157, P =0.000; 0.665+/-0.192 vs 0.936+/-0.251, t=3.857, P=0.002). Reduced expression of P120 catenin mRNA and protein was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P =0.004, P =0.006), vascular invasion (P =0.022, P =0.039 ), distant metastasis (P =0.037 , P =0.025), differentiated (P =0.033, P =0.013) and pTNM stage (P =0.003, P =0.022) of tumours. Additionally, reduced expression of P120 catenin mRNA and protein in tumour correlated with a worse prognosis and normal expression with a better survival rate (P=0.022, P=0.007). The reduced expression of both P120 catenin mRNA and protein in pancreatic carcinoma suggest that low expressions relate to pancreatic carcinoma development. P120 catenin may be related to pancreatic carcinoma behaviour and be a potential prognostic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fei
- Department of General Surgery, the 81st Hospital of P.L.A., P.L.A. Cancer Center, Nanjing, China
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delta-Catenin promotes prostate cancer cell growth and progression by altering cell cycle and survival gene profiles. Mol Cancer 2009; 8:19. [PMID: 19284555 PMCID: PMC2660279 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-8-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background δ-Catenin is a unique member of β-catenin/armadillo domain superfamily proteins and its primary expression is restricted to the brain. However, δ-catenin is upregulated in human prostatic adenocarcinomas, although the effects of δ-catenin overexpression in prostate cancer are unclear. We hypothesized that δ-catenin plays a direct role in prostate cancer progression by altering gene profiles of cell cycle regulation and cell survival. Results We employed gene transfection and small interfering RNA to demonstrate that increased δ-catenin expression promoted, whereas its knockdown suppressed prostate cancer cell viability. δ-Catenin promoted prostate cancer cell colony formation in soft agar as well as tumor xenograft growth in nude mice. Deletion of either the amino-terminal or carboxyl-terminal sequences outside the armadillo domains abolished the tumor promoting effects of δ-catenin. Quantitative RT2 Profiler™ PCR Arrays demonstrated gene alterations involved in cell cycle and survival regulation. δ-Catenin overexpression upregulated cyclin D1 and cdc34, increased phosphorylated histone-H3, and promoted the entry of mitosis. In addition, δ-catenin overexpression resulted in increased expression of cell survival genes Bcl-2 and survivin while reducing the cell cycle inhibitor p21Cip1. Conclusion Taken together, our studies suggest that at least one consequence of an increased expression of δ-catenin in human prostate cancer is the alteration of cell cycle and survival gene profiles, thereby promoting tumor progression.
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Liu Y, Li QC, Miao Y, Xu HT, Dai SD, Wei Q, Dong QZ, Dong XJ, Zhao Y, Zhao C, Wang EH. Ablation of p120-catenin enhances invasion and metastasis of human lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:441-8. [PMID: 19154401 PMCID: PMC11158803 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.01067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
p120-catenin, a member of the Armadillo gene family, has emerged as both a master regulator of cadherin stability and an important modulator of small GTPase activities. Therefore, it plays novel roles in tumor malignant phenotype, such as invasion and metastasis. We have reported previously that abnormal expression of p120-catenin is associated with lymph node metastasis in lung squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and adenocarcinomas. To investigate the role and possible mechanism of p120-catenin in lung cancer, we knocked down p120-catenin using small interfering RNA (siRNA). We found that ablation of p120-catenin reduced the levels of E-cadherin and beta-catenin proteins, as well as the mRNA of beta-catenin. Furthermore, p120-catenin depletion inactivated RhoA, but increased the activity of Cdc42 and Rac1, and promoted proliferation and the invasive ability of lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our data reveal that p120-catenin gene knockdown enhances the metastasis of lung cancer cells, probably by either depressing cell-cell adhesion due to lower levels of E-cadherin and beta-catenin, or altering the activity of small GTPase, such as inactivation of RhoA and activation of Cdc42/Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
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Liu Y, Dong QZ, Zhao Y, Dong XJ, Miao Y, Dai SD, Yang ZQ, Zhang D, Wang Y, Li QC, Zhao C, Wang EH. P120-catenin isoforms 1A and 3A differently affect invasion and proliferation of lung cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2009; 315:890-8. [PMID: 19150613 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Revised: 12/14/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Different isoforms of p120-catenin (p120ctn), a member of the Armadillo gene family, are variably expressed in different tissues as a result of alternative splicing and the use of multiple translation initiation codons. When expressed in cancer cells, these isoforms may confer different properties with respect to cell adhesion and invasion. We have previously reported that the p120ctn isoforms 1 and 3 were the most highly expressed isoforms in normal lung tissues, and their expression level was reduced in lung tumor cells. To precisely define their biological roles, we transfected p120ctn isoforms 1A and 3A into the lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI-H460. Enhanced expression of p120ctn isoform 1A not only upregulated E-cadherin and beta-catenin, but also downregulated the Rac1 activity, and as a result, inhibited the ability of cells to invade. In contrast, overexpression of p120ctn isoform 3A led to the inactivation of Cdc42 and the activation of RhoA, and had a smaller influence on invasion. However, we found that isoform 3A had a greater ability than isoform 1A in both inhibiting the cell cycle and reducing tumor cell proliferation. The present study revealed that p120ctn isoforms 1A and 3A differently regulated the adhesive, proliferative, and invasive properties of lung cancer cells through distinct mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University and Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Soto E, Yanagisawa M, Marlow LA, Copland JA, Perez EA, Anastasiadis PZ. p120 catenin induces opposing effects on tumor cell growth depending on E-cadherin expression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 183:737-49. [PMID: 19015320 PMCID: PMC2582886 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200805113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
p120 catenin regulates the activity of the Rho family guanosine triphosphatases (including RhoA and Rac1) in an adhesion-dependent manner. Through this action, p120 promotes a sessile cellular phenotype when associated with epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) or a motile phenotype when associated with mesenchymal cadherins. In this study, we show that p120 also exerts significant and diametrically opposing effects on tumor cell growth depending on E-cadherin expression. Endogenous p120 acts to stabilize E-cadherin complexes and to actively promote the tumor-suppressive function of E-cadherin, potently inhibiting Ras activation. Upon E-cadherin loss during tumor progression, the negative regulation of Ras is relieved; under these conditions, endogenous p120 promotes transformed cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by activating a Rac1-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway normally activated by the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. These data indicate that both E-cadherin and p120 are important regulators of tumor cell growth and imply roles for both proteins in chemoresistance and targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Soto
- Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Meng W, Mushika Y, Ichii T, Takeichi M. Anchorage of Microtubule Minus Ends to Adherens Junctions Regulates Epithelial Cell-Cell Contacts. Cell 2008; 135:948-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Revised: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Loss of p120 catenin and links to mitotic alterations, inflammation, and skin cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:15399-404. [PMID: 18809907 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0807301105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor formation involves epigenetic modifications and microenvironmental changes as well as cumulative genetic alterations encompassing somatic mutations, loss of heterozygosity, and aneuploidy. Here, we show that conditional targeting of p120 catenin in mice leads to progressive development of skin neoplasias associated with intrinsic NF-kappaB activation. We find that, similarly, squamous cell carcinomas in humans display altered p120 and activated NF-kappaB. We show that epidermal hyperproliferation arising from p120 loss can be abrogated by IkappaB kinase 2 inhibitors. Although this underscores the importance of this pathway, the role of NF-kappaB in hyperproliferation appears rooted in its impact on epidermal microenvironment because as p120-null keratinocytes display a growth-arrested phenotype in culture. We trace this to a mitotic defect, resulting in unstable, binucleated cells in vitro and in vivo. We show that the abnormal mitoses can be ameliorated by inhibiting RhoA, the activity of which is abnormally high. Conversely, we can elicit such mitotic defects in control keratinocytes by elevating RhoA activity. The ability of p120 deficiency to elicit mitotic alterations and chronic inflammatory responses, that together may facilitate the development of genetic instability in vivo, provides insights into why it figures so prominently in skin cancer progression.
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