1
|
Liu W, Ren Y, Wang T, Wang M, Xu Y, Zhang J, Bi J, Wu Z, Lv Y, Wu R. MFG-E8 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and anoikis resistance to promote the metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176462. [PMID: 38431242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an extremely malignant tumor, and only a few clinical treatment options exist. MFG-E8 and kindlin-2 all play an important role in cancer progression. However, the specific mechanism occurring between MFG-E8, kindlin-2 and the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells remains unelucidated. To unravel the specific mechanism, this study assessed the potential association between MFG-E8 and kindlin-2 as well as the involvement of MFG-E8 in pancreatic cancer using two pancreatic cancer cell lines (MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1). Pancreatic cancer cells were treated with 0, 250, and 500 ng/ml MFG-E8, and the effects of MFG-E8 on the migration, invasion, and anoikis of pancreatic cancer cells were observed. To investigate the role of kindlin-2 in pancreatic cancer, kindlin-2-shRNAi was transfected to knock down its expression level in the two pancreatic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, cilengitide, a receptor blocker of MFG-E8, was used to explore the relationship between MFG-E8, kindlin-2, and pancreatic cancer progression. Our findings demonstrated that MFG-E8 promotes the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and induces cell anoikis resistance in a dose-dependent manner, which was effectively counteracted by cilengitide, a receptor blocker. Additionally, the knockdown of kindlin-2 expression nullified the effect of MFG-E8 on the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Consequently, this study provides insights into the specific mechanism underlying the interplay between MFG-E8 and kindlin-2 in the progression of pancreatic cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuming Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengzhou Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujia Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbin Bi
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mizote Y, Inoue T, Akazawa T, Kunimasa K, Tamiya M, Kumamoto Y, Tsuda A, Yoshida S, Tatsumi K, Ekawa T, Honma K, Nishino K, Tahara H. Potent CTLs can be induced against tumor cells in an environment of lower levels of systemic MFG-E8. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1114-1128. [PMID: 38332689 PMCID: PMC11007000 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The direction and magnitude of immune responses are critically affected when dead cells are disposed of. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8) promotes the engulfment of apoptotic normal and cancerous cells without inducing inflammation. We have previously reported that a certain proportion of the cancer cells express abundant MFG-E8, and that such expression is associated with the shorter survival of patients with esophageal cancer who had received chemotherapy before surgery. However, the influence of tumor-derived and systemically existing MFG-E8 on antitumor immune responses has not yet been fully investigated. Herein, we showed that CTL-dependent antitumor immune responses were observed in mice with no or decreased levels of systemic MFG-E8, and that such responses were enhanced further with the administration of anti-PD-1 antibody. In mice with decreased levels of systemic MFG-E8, the dominance of regulatory T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was inverted to CD8+ T cell dominance. MFG-E8 expression by tumor cells appears to affect antitumor immune responses only when the level of systemic MFG-E8 is lower than the physiological status. We have also demonstrated in the clinical setting that lower levels of plasma MFG-E8, but not MFG-E8 expression in tumor cells, before the treatment was associated with objective responses to anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. These results suggest that systemic MFG-E8 plays a critical role during the immunological initiation process of antigen-presenting cells to increase tumor-specific CTLs. Regulation of the systemic level of MFG-E8 might induce efficient antitumor immune responses and enhance the potency of anti-PD-1 therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mizote
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Takako Inoue
- Department of Thoracic OncologyOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Takashi Akazawa
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Kei Kunimasa
- Department of Thoracic OncologyOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Motohiro Tamiya
- Department of Thoracic OncologyOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Yachiyo Kumamoto
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Arisa Tsuda
- Department of Thoracic OncologyOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Satomi Yoshida
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Kumiko Tatsumi
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Tomoya Ekawa
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Keiichiro Honma
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and CytologyOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Kazumi Nishino
- Department of Thoracic OncologyOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Hideaki Tahara
- Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research CenterOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
- Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shirley CA, Chhabra G, Amiri D, Chang H, Ahmad N. Immune escape and metastasis mechanisms in melanoma: breaking down the dichotomy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336023. [PMID: 38426087 PMCID: PMC10902921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most lethal neoplasms of the skin. Despite the revolutionary introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, metastatic spread, and recurrence remain critical problems in resistant cases. Melanoma employs a multitude of mechanisms to subvert the immune system and successfully metastasize to distant organs. Concerningly, recent research also shows that tumor cells can disseminate early during melanoma progression and enter dormant states, eventually leading to metastases at a future time. Immune escape and metastasis have previously been viewed as separate phenomena; however, accumulating evidence is breaking down this dichotomy. Recent research into the progressive mechanisms of melanoma provides evidence that dedifferentiation similar to classical epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), genes involved in neural crest stem cell maintenance, and hypoxia/acidosis, are important factors simultaneously involved in immune escape and metastasis. The likeness between EMT and early dissemination, and differences, also become apparent in these contexts. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms behind "dual drivers" simultaneously promoting metastatically inclined and immunosuppressive environments can yield novel strategies effective in disabling multiple facets of melanoma progression. Furthermore, understanding progression through these drivers may provide insight towards novel treatments capable of preventing recurrence arising from dormant dissemination or improving immunotherapy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Shirley
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Deeba Amiri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chaung W, Ma G, Jacob A, Brenner M, Wang P. Human cell-expressed tag-free rhMFG-E8 as an effective radiation mitigator. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22186. [PMID: 38092894 PMCID: PMC10719321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8) functions as a bridging molecule to promote the removal of dying cells by professional phagocytes. E. coli-expressed histidine-tagged recombinant human MFG-E8 (rhMFG-E8) is protective in various disease conditions. However, due to improper recombinant protein glycosylation, misfolding and the possibility of antigenicity, E. coli-expressed histidine-tagged rhMFG-E8 is unsuitable for human therapy. Therefore, we hypothesize that human cell-expressed, tag-free rhMFG-E8 will have suitable structural and functional properties to be developed as a safe and effective novel biologic to treat inflammatory diseases including radiation injury. We produced a new tag-free rhMFG-E8 protein by cloning the human MFG-E8 full-length coding sequence without any fusion tag into a mammalian vector and expressed it in HEK293-derived cells. The construct includes the leader sequence of cystatin S to maximize secretion of rhMFG-E8 into the culture medium. After purification and confirmation of the protein identity, we first evaluated its biological activity in vitro. We then determined its efficacy in vivo utilizing an experimental rodent model of radiation injury, i.e., partial body irradiation (PBI). HEK293 cell supernatant containing tag-free rhMFG-E8 protein was concentrated, purified, and rhMFG-E8 was verified by SDS-PAGE with the standard human MFG-E8 loaded as control and, mass spectrometry followed by analysis using MASCOT for peptide mass fingerprint. The biological activity of human cell-expressed tag-free rhMFG-E8 was superior to that of E. coli-expressed His-tagged rhMFG-E8. Toxicity, stability, and pharmacokinetic studies indicate that tag-free rhMFG-E8 is safe, highly stable after lyophilization and long-term storage, and with a terminal elimination half-life in circulation of at least 1.45 h. In the 15 Gy PBI model, a dose-dependent improvement of the 30-day survival rate was observed after tag-free rhMFG-E8 treatment with a 30-day survival of 89%, which was significantly higher than the 25% survival in the vehicle group. The dose modification factor (DMF) of tag-free rhMFG-E8 calculated using probit analysis was 1.058. Tag-free rhMFG-E8 also attenuated gastrointestinal damage after PBI suggesting it as a potential therapeutic candidate for a medical countermeasure for radiation injury. Our new human cell-expressed tag-free rhMFG-E8 has proper structural and functional properties to be further developed as a safe and effective therapy to treat victims of severe acute radiation injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Chaung
- TheraSource LLC, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Gaifeng Ma
- TheraSource LLC, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Asha Jacob
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Max Brenner
- TheraSource LLC, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dai ZT, Wu YL, Xu T, Li XR, Ji T. The role of lncRNA SNHG14 in gastric cancer: enhancing tumor cell proliferation and migration, and mechanisms of CDH2 expression. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2522-2537. [PMID: 38193271 PMCID: PMC10936682 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2289745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression. However, their specific molecular mechanisms in gastric carcinogenesis and metastasis need further exploration. TCGA data showed that the expression of MFGE8, which was closely related to survival, was significantly positively correlated with lncRNA SNHG14. And moreover, the results of high-throughput sequencing and qRT-PCR showed that lncRNA SNHG14 was significantly elevated in gastric cancer. Further, in vitro functional realization showed that lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression significantly increased gastric cancer's proliferation, invasion and migration. Animal experiments also showed that lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, MFGE8 activates the expression of lncRNA SNHG14, which activates the cellular EMT by stabilizing CDH2. Our study suggests that lncRNA SNHG14 could be a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Tong Dai
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cancer Biology Research Centre (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Life and Health Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Lin Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Rui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng Ji
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cancer Biology Research Centre (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu B, Zhang B, Qi J, Zhou H, Tan L, Huang J, Huang J, Fang X, Gong L, Luo J, Liu S, Fu L, Ling F, Ma S, Lai-wan Kwong D, Wang X, Guan XY. Targeting MFGE8 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts blocks angiogenesis and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2307914120. [PMID: 37816055 PMCID: PMC10589644 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307914120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play vital roles in establishing a suitable tumor microenvironment. In this study, RNA sequencing data revealed that CAFs could promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and ECM reconstitution by binding to integrin families and activating PI3K/AKT pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The secretions of CAFs play an important role in regulating these biological activities. Among these secretions, we found that MFGE8 is specifically secreted by CAFs in ESCC. Additionally, the secreted MFGE8 protein is essential in CAF-regulated vascularization, tumor proliferation, drug resistance, and metastasis. By binding to Integrin αVβ3/αVβ5 receptors, MFGE8 promotes tumor progression by activating both the PI3K/AKT and ERK/AKT pathways. Interestingly, the biological function of MFGE8 secreted by CAFs fully demonstrated the major role of CAFs in ESCC and its mode of mechanism, showing that MFGE8 could be a driver factor of CAFs in remodeling the tumor environment. In vivo treatment targeting CAFs-secreting MFGE8 or its receptor produced significant inhibitory effects on ESCC growth and metastasis, which provides an approach for the treatment of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Liu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Baifeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Jiali Qi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Licheng Tan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Jinlin Huang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Xiaona Fang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Lanqi Gong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Fei Ling
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Stephianie Ma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Dora Lai-wan Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Hong Kong510060, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen518053, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong852, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou528200, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gu Y, Zhang Z, Camps MG, Ossendorp F, Wijdeven RH, ten Dijke P. Genome-wide CRISPR screens define determinants of epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated immune evasion by pancreatic cancer cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf9915. [PMID: 37450593 PMCID: PMC10348683 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The genetic circuits that allow cancer cells to evade immune killing via epithelial mesenchymal plasticity remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that mesenchymal-like (Mes) KPC3 pancreatic cancer cells were more resistant to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing than the parental epithelial-like (Epi) cells and used parallel genome-wide CRISPR screens to assess the molecular underpinnings of this difference. Core CTL-evasion genes (such as IFN-γ pathway components) were clearly evident in both types. Moreover, we identified and validated multiple Mes-specific regulators of cytotoxicity, such as Egfr and Mfge8. Both genes were significantly higher expressed in Mes cancer cells, and their depletion sensitized Mes cancer cells to CTL-mediated killing. Notably, Mes cancer cells secreted more Mfge8 to inhibit proliferation of CD8+ T cells and production of IFN-γ and TNFα. Clinically, increased Egfr and Mfge8 expression was correlated with a worse prognosis. Thus, Mes cancer cells use Egfr-mediated intrinsic and Mfge8-mediated extrinsic mechanisms to facilitate immune escape from CD8+ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhuo Gu
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Zhengkui Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Marcel G. M. Camps
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ruud H. Wijdeven
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ruotsalainen SE, Surakka I, Mars N, Karjalainen J, Kurki M, Kanai M, Krebs K, Graham S, Mishra PP, Mishra BH, Sinisalo J, Palta P, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari O, Milani L, Okada Y, Palotie A, Widen E, Daly MJ, Ripatti S. Inframe insertion and splice site variants in MFGE8 associate with protection against coronary atherosclerosis. Commun Biol 2022; 5:802. [PMID: 35978133 PMCID: PMC9385630 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death and disability worldwide, with both genetic and environmental determinants. While genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genetic loci associated with cardiovascular diseases, exact genes driving these associations remain mostly uncovered. Due to Finland’s population history, many deleterious and high-impact variants are enriched in the Finnish population giving a possibility to find genetic associations for protein-truncating variants that likely tie the association to a gene and that would not be detected elsewhere. In a large Finnish biobank study FinnGen, we identified an association between an inframe insertion rs534125149 in MFGE8 (encoding lactadherin) and protection against coronary atherosclerosis. This variant is highly enriched in Finland, and the protective association was replicated in meta-analysis of BioBank Japan and Estonian biobank. Additionally, we identified a protective association between splice acceptor variant rs201988637 in MFGE8 and coronary atherosclerosis, independent of the rs534125149, with no significant risk-increasing associations. This variant was also associated with lower pulse pressure, pointing towards a function of MFGE8 in arterial aging also in humans in addition to previous evidence in mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that inhibiting the production of lactadherin could lower the risk for coronary heart disease substantially. A genome-wide association study identifies MFGE8 as protective against coronary atherosclerosis in European and East Asian populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanni E Ruotsalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nina Mars
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mitja Kurki
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Masfsachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kristi Krebs
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sarah Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Binisha H Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Priit Palta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Masfsachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Melanoma Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133086. [PMID: 35804857 PMCID: PMC9264817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma arises from a malignant transformation of the melanocytes in the skin. It is the deadliest form of skin cancer owing to its potential to metastasize. While recent advances in immuno-oncology have been successful in melanoma treatment, not all the patients respond to the treatment equally, thus individual pre-screening and personalized combination therapies are essential to stratify and monitor patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarker candidates to tackle these challenges. EVs are ~50-1000-nm-sized, lipid bilayer-enclosed spheres, which are secreted by almost all cell types, including cancer cells. Their cargo, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and metabolites, can be transferred to target cells. Thanks to these properties, EVs can both provide a multiplexed molecular fingerprint of the cell of origin and thus serve as potential biomarkers, or reveal pathways important for cancer progression that can be targeted pharmaceutically. In this review we give a general overview of EVs and focus on their impact on melanoma progression. In particular, we shed light on the role of EVs in shaping the tumor-stroma interactions that facilitate metastasis and summarize the latest findings on molecular profiling of EV-derived miRNAs and proteins that can serve as potential biomarkers for melanoma progression.
Collapse
|
10
|
Geoffroy K, Laplante P, Clairefond S, Azzi F, Trudel D, Lattouf JB, Stagg J, Saad F, Mes-Masson AM, Bourgeois-Daigneault MC, Cailhier JF. High Levels of MFG-E8 Confer a Good Prognosis in Prostate and Renal Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112790. [PMID: 35681775 PMCID: PMC9179566 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the present study, we analyzed the distribution and prognostic impact of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-8 (MFG-E8) protein expression in patients with prostate and renal cancers. Our data highlighted MFG-E8 expression by tumor cells in the epithelium. Our results also showed that low levels of MFG-E8 in prostate and renal cancers were associated with worse clinical outcomes. Furthermore, higher numbers of CD206+ cells were found in the peripheral regions of renal clear cell carcinoma that expressed lower MFG-E8 levels. Globally, our results suggest that MFG-E8 expression could potentially be used as a prognostic marker in prostate and renal cancers. Abstract Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-8 (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein secreted by different cell types, including apoptotic cells and activated macrophages. MFG-E8 is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and is classically associated with tumor growth and poor patient prognosis through reprogramming of macrophages into the pro-tumoral/pro-angiogenic M2 phenotype. To date, correlations between levels of MFG-E8 and patient survival in prostate and renal cancers remain unclear. Here, we quantified MFG-E8 and CD68/CD206 expression by immunofluorescence staining in tissue microarrays constructed from renal (n = 190) and prostate (n = 274) cancer patient specimens. Percentages of MFG-E8-positive surface area were assessed in each patient core and Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed accordingly. We found that MFG-E8 was expressed more abundantly in malignant regions of prostate tissue and papillary renal cell carcinoma but was also increased in the normal adjacent regions in clear cell renal carcinoma. In addition, M2 tumor-associated macrophage staining was increased in the normal adjacent tissues compared to the malignant areas in renal cancer patients. Overall, high tissue expression of MFG-E8 was associated with less disease progression and better survival in prostate and renal cancer patients. Our observations provide new insights into tumoral MFG-E8 content and macrophage reprogramming in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Geoffroy
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
| | - Patrick Laplante
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
| | - Sylvie Clairefond
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
| | - Feryel Azzi
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Division of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Division of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Baptiste Lattouf
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - John Stagg
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Fred Saad
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Bourgeois-Daigneault
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Department de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-François Cailhier
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (K.G.); (P.L.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (D.T.); (J.-B.L.); (J.S.); (F.S.); (A.-M.M.-M.); (M.-C.B.-D.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-890-8000-x25971; Fax: +1-514-412-7938
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chiang HY, Chu PH, Chen SC, Lee TH. MFG-E8 promotes osteogenic transdifferentiation of smooth muscle cells and vascular calcification by regulating TGF-β1 signaling. Commun Biol 2022; 5:364. [PMID: 35440618 PMCID: PMC9018696 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification occurs in arterial aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a key modulator driving the osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), leading to vascular calcification. We hypothesize that milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8), a glycoprotein expressed in VSMCs, promotes the osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs through the activation of TGF-β1-mediated signaling. We observe that the genetic deletion of MFG-E8 prevents calcium chloride-induced vascular calcification in common carotid arteries (CCAs). The exogenous application of MFG-E8 to aged CCAs promotes arterial wall calcification. MFG-E8-deficient cultured VSMCs exhibit decreased biomineralization and phenotypic transformation to osteoblast-like cells in response to osteogenic medium. MFG-E8 promotes β1 integrin–dependent MMP2 expression, causing TGF-β1 activation and subsequent VSMC osteogenic transdifferentiation and biomineralization. Thus, the established molecular link between MFG-E8 and vascular calcification suggests that MFG-E8 can be therapeutically targeted to mitigate vascular calcification. A molecular link between the milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8), activation of vascular calcification driver TGF-β1 and osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells suggests that MFG-E8 could be a therapeutic target for vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Yu Chiang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chi Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hein Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Durán-Jara E, Vera-Tobar T, Lobos-González LDL. Lactadherin: From a Well-Known Breast Tumor Marker to a Possible Player in Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073855. [PMID: 35409215 PMCID: PMC8998968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactadherin is a secreted glycoprotein associated with the milk fat globule membrane, which is highly present in the blood and in the mammary tissue of lactating women. Several biological functions have been associated with this protein, mainly attributable to its immunomodulatory role promoting phagocyte-mediated clearance of apoptotic cells. It has been shown that lactadherin also plays important roles in cell adhesion, the promotion of angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. On the other hand, this protein has been used as a marker of breast cancer and tumor progression. Recently, high levels of lactadherin has been associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival, not only in breast cancer, but also in melanoma, ovarian, colorectal, and other types of cancer. Although the mechanisms responsible for the tumor-promoting effects attributed to lactadherin have not been fully elucidated, a growing body of literature indicates that lactadherin could be a promising therapeutic target and/or biomarker for breast and other tumors. Moreover, recent studies have shown its presence in extracellular vesicles derived from cancer cell lines and cancer patients, which was associated with cancer aggressiveness and worse prognosis. Thus, this review will focus on the link between lactadherin and cancer development and progression, its possible use as a cancer biomarker and/or therapeutic target, concluding with a possible role of this protein in cellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Durán-Jara
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile; (E.D.-J.); (T.V.-T.)
| | - Tamara Vera-Tobar
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile; (E.D.-J.); (T.V.-T.)
| | - Lorena De Lourdes Lobos-González
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile; (E.D.-J.); (T.V.-T.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Independencia, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-327-93194
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wirawan A, Tajima K, Takahashi F, Mitsuishi Y, Winardi W, Hidayat M, Hayakawa D, Matsumoto N, Izumi K, Asao T, Ko R, Shimada N, Takamochi K, Suzuki K, Abe M, Hino O, Sekido Y, Takahashi K. A Novel Therapeutic Strategy Targeting the Mesenchymal Phenotype of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma By Suppressing LSD1. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:127-138. [PMID: 34593606 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor that has a low overall survival; however, no significant treatment advances have been made in the past 15 years. Large-scale molecular studies have identified a poor prognostic subset of MPM linked to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that may contribute toward resistance to chemotherapy, suggesting that EMT could be targeted to treat patients with MPM. Previously, we reported that histone modifiers regulating EMT could be therapeutic targets; therefore, in this study, we investigated whether targeting lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1), a histone-modifying enzyme responsible for demethylating histone H3 lysine 4 and lysine 9, could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for MPM. We suppressed LSD1 and investigated the EMT phenotype using EMT marker expression and wound-healing assay; and chemosensitivity using apoptosis assay. We found that suppressing LSD1 induces an epithelial phenotype in sarcomatoid MPM cells, while attenuating the mesenchymal phenotype sensitized MPM cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Subsequent genome-wide identification, comprehensive microarray analysis, and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) to assess genome-wide changes in chromatin accessibility suggested that LSD1 directly regulates milk fat globulin protein E8 (MFGE8), an integrin ligand that is involved in the FAK pathway. Furthermore, we found that LSD1 regulates the mesenchymal phenotype and apoptosis by activating the FAK-AKT-GSK3β pathway via a positive feedback loop involving MFGE8 and Snail expression, thereby leading to cisplatin resistance. IMPLICATIONS: This study suggests that LSD1 regulates the mesenchymal phenotype and apoptosis, and that LSD1 inhibitors could be combined with the cisplatin as a novel therapy for patients with MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Wirawan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Tajima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Mitsuishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wira Winardi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moulid Hidayat
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hayakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohisa Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Izumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Asao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ko
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Shimada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Okio Hino
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sekido
- Division of Cancer Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
TGF-β Increases MFGE8 Production in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Promote B16F10 Melanoma Metastasis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080896. [PMID: 34440100 PMCID: PMC8389657 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are directly involved in all stages leading to metastasis. Many mechanisms for this effect have been proposed, but mechanisms of coregulation between tumor cells and MDSCs remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that MDSCs are a source of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor (EGF) factor 8 (MFGE8), which is known to be involved in tumor metastasis. Interestingly, TGF-β, an abundant cytokine in the tumor microenvironment (TME), increased MFGE8 production by MDSCs. In addition, co-culturing MDSCs with B16F10 melanoma cells increased B16F10 cell migration, while MFGE8 neutralization decreased their migration. Taken together, these findings suggest that MFGE8 is an important effector molecule through which MDSCs promote tumor metastasis, and the TME positively regulates MFGE8 production by MDSCs through TGF-β.
Collapse
|
15
|
Autoregulation of insulin receptor signaling through MFGE8 and the αvβ5 integrin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2102171118. [PMID: 33903257 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102171118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of integrins, in particular αv integrins, in regulating insulin resistance is incompletely understood. We have previously shown that the αvβ5 integrin ligand milk fat globule epidermal growth factor like 8 (MFGE8) regulates cellular uptake of fatty acids. In this work, we evaluated the impact of MFGE8 on glucose homeostasis. We show that acute blockade of the MFGE8/β5 pathway enhances while acute augmentation dampens insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Moreover, we find that insulin itself induces cell-surface enrichment of MFGE8 in skeletal muscle, which then promotes interaction between the αvβ5 integrin and the insulin receptor leading to dampening of skeletal-muscle insulin receptor signaling. Blockade of the MFGE8/β5 pathway also enhances hepatic insulin sensitivity. Our work identifies an autoregulatory mechanism by which insulin-stimulated signaling through its cognate receptor is terminated through up-regulation of MFGE8 and its consequent interaction with the αvβ5 integrin, thereby establishing a pathway that can potentially be targeted to improve insulin sensitivity.
Collapse
|
16
|
Verma AK, Ali SA, Singh P, Kumar S, Mohanty AK. Transcriptional Repression of MFG-E8 Causes Disturbance in the Homeostasis of Cell Cycle Through DOCK/ZP4/STAT Signaling in Buffalo Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:568660. [PMID: 33869165 PMCID: PMC8047144 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.568660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland is a unique apocrine gland made up of a branching network of ducts that end in alveoli. It is an ideal system to study the molecular mechanisms associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, and oncogenesis. MFG-E8, also known as Lactadherin, is a vital glycoprotein related to the milk fat globule membrane and initially identified to get secreted in bovine milk. Our previous report suggests that a high level of MFG-E8 is indicative of high milk yield in dairy animals. Here, we showed that MFG-E8 controls the cell growth and morphology of epithelial cells through a network of regulatory transcription factors. To understand the comprehensive action, we downregulated its expression in MECs by MFG-E8 specific shRNA. We generated a knockdown proteome profile of differentially expressed proteins through a quantitative iTRAQ experiment on a high-resolution mass spectrometer (Q-TOF). The downregulation of MFG-E8 resulted in reduced phagocytosis and cell migration ability, whereas it also leads to more lifespan to knockdown vis-a-vis healthy cells, which is confirmed through BrdU, MTT, and Caspase 3/7. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that MFG-E8 knockdown perturbs a large number of intracellular signaling, eventually leading to cessation in cell growth. Based on the directed network analysis, we found that MFG-E8 is activated by CX3CL1, TP63, and CSF2 and leads to the activation of SOCS3 and CCL2 for the regulation of cell proliferation. We further proved that the depletion of MFG-E8 resulted in activated cytoskeletal remodeling by MFG-E8 knockdown, which results in the activation of three independent pathways ZP4/JAK-STAT5, DOCK1/STAT3, and PIP3/AKT/mTOR. Overall, this study suggests that MFG-E8 expression in mammary epithelial cells is an indication of intracellular deterioration in cell health. To date, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the downstream targets of MFG-E8 involved in the regulation of mammary epithelial cell health.
Collapse
|
17
|
Identification of key genes of papillary thyroid carcinoma by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226004. [PMID: 32766727 PMCID: PMC7433002 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the fastest-growing malignant tumor types of thyroid cancer. Therefore, identifying the interaction of genes in PTC is crucial for elucidating its pathogenesis and finding more specific molecular biomarkers. METHODS Four pairs of PTC tissues and adjacent tissues were sequenced using RNA-Seq, and 3745 differentially expressed genes were screened (P<0.05, |logFC|>1). The enrichment analysis indicated that the vast majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) may play a positive role in the development of cancer. Then, the significant modules were analyzed using Cytoscape software in the protein-protein interaction network. Survival analysis, TNM analysis, and immune infiltration analysis of key genes were analyzed. And the expression of ADORA1, APOE, and LPAR5 genes were verified by qPCR in PTC compared with matching adjacent tissues. RESULTS Twenty-five genes were identified as hub genes with nodes greater than 10. The expression of 25 genes were verified by the GEPIA database, and the overall survival and disease-free survival analyses were conducted with Kaplan-Meier plotter. We found only three genes were confirmed with our validation and were statistically significant in PTC, namely ADORA1, APOE, and LPAR5. Further analysis found that the mRNA levels and methylation degree of these three genes were significantly correlated with the TNM staging of PTC. And these three genes were related to PTC immune infiltration. Verification of the expression of these three genes by RT-qPCR and Western blot further confirmed the reliability of our results. CONCLUSION Our study identified three genes that may play key regulatory roles in the development, metastasis, and immune infiltration of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Collapse
|
18
|
Harada Y, Kazama S, Morikawa T, Sonoda H, Ishi H, Emoto S, Murono K, Kaneko M, Sasaki K, Shuno Y, Nishikawa T, Tanaka T, Kawai K, Hata K, Nozawa H, Ushiku T, Tahara H, Ishihara S. Clinical significance of CD8 + and FoxP3 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and MFG-E8 expression in lower rectal cancer with preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:87. [PMID: 33767856 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer contributes to tumor down-staging and decreases locoregional recurrence. However, each patient shows a significantly different response to CRT. Therefore, the identification of predictive factors to CRT response would be beneficial to avoid unnecessary treatment. Cancer immunity in patients has been suggested to play an important role in the eradication of the tumor by CRT. In the present study, the utility of CD8+ and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the expression of a novel immuno-regulatory factor, lactadherin (MFG-E8), in predicting CRT effectiveness in patients with rectal cancer was examined. A total of 61 patients with rectal cancer, who underwent curative resection following CRT were included in the study. The numbers of CD8+ and FoxP3+ TILs in a biopsy taken before CRT and MFG-E8 expression level in the specimens obtained at the time of the surgery after CRT were examined using immunohistochemical staining, and their association with clinicopathological characteristics, including patient survival, was determined. The tumors with more CD8+ TILs in the biopsy samples before CRT showed a significantly more favorable CRT response. The patients with tumors and a higher number of CD8+ TILs before CRT also exhibited significantly longer disease-free and overall survival times. Higher MFG-E8 expression level in post-CRT specimens was significantly associated with favorable CRT response; however, no significant association was found with any other clinicopathological characteristics, including survival time. The number of CD8+ TILs before CRT was a valuable predictor for CRT response and was associated with favorable prognosis in patients with lower rectal cancer and who were treated with CRT. High MFG-E8 expression level after CRT was also associated with a favorable CRT response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Harada
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kazama
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo 141-8625, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sonoda
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Emoto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Koji Murono
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Manabu Kaneko
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Sasaki
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Shuno
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tahara
- Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development Project, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tian J, Wang V, Wang N, Khadang B, Boudreault J, Bakdounes K, Ali S, Lebrun JJ. Identification of MFGE8 and KLK5/7 as mediators of breast tumorigenesis and resistance to COX-2 inhibition. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:23. [PMID: 33588911 PMCID: PMC7885389 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) promotes stemness in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), highlighting COX-2 as a promising therapeutic target in these tumors. However, to date, clinical trials using COX-2 inhibitors in breast cancer only showed variable patient responses with no clear significant clinical benefits, suggesting underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to resistance to COX-2 inhibitors. METHODS By combining in silico analysis of human breast cancer RNA-seq data with interrogation of public patient databases and their associated transcriptomic, genomic, and clinical profiles, we identified COX-2 associated genes whose expression correlate with aggressive TNBC features and resistance to COX-2 inhibitors. We then assessed their individual contributions to TNBC metastasis and resistance to COX-2 inhibitors, using CRISPR gene knockout approaches in both in vitro and in vivo preclinical models of TNBC. RESULTS We identified multiple COX-2 associated genes (TPM4, RGS2, LAMC2, SERPINB5, KLK7, MFGE8, KLK5, ID4, RBP1, SLC2A1) that regulate tumor lung colonization in TNBC. Furthermore, we found that silencing MFGE8 and KLK5/7 gene expression in TNBC cells markedly restored sensitivity to COX-2 selective inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Together, our study supports the establishment and use of novel COX-2 inhibitor-based combination therapies as future strategies for TNBC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tian
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Vivian Wang
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Baharak Khadang
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Julien Boudreault
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Khldoun Bakdounes
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Suhad Ali
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Suite E02.6224, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang B, Ge Z, Wu Y, Zha Y, Zhang X, Yan Y, Xie Y. MFGE8 is down-regulated in cardiac fibrosis and attenuates endothelial-mesenchymal transition through Smad2/3-Snail signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12799-12812. [PMID: 32945126 PMCID: PMC7686985 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a major source of transformed cardiac fibroblasts, which is reported to play a key role in cardiac fibrosis (CF), a pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation. Nonetheless, the specific mechanism underlying the progression of EndMT to CF is still largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of milk fat globule‐EGF factor 8 (MFGE8), a kind of soluble glycoprotein, in TGF‐β1‐induced EndMT. In animal experiments, the expression of MFGE8 was found down‐regulated in the left ventricle and aorta of rats after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) compared with the sham group, especially in endothelial cells (ECs). In in vitro cultured ECs, silencing MFGE8 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) was found to promote the process of TGF‐β1‐induced EndMT, whereas administration of recombinant human MFGE8 (rh‐MFGE8) attenuated the process. Moreover, activated Smad2/3 signalling pathway after TGF‐β1 treatment and EndMT‐related transcription factors, such as Snail, Twist and Slug, was potentiated by MFGE8 knock‐down but inhibited by rh‐MFGE8. In conclusion, our experiments indicate that MFGE8 might play a protective role in TGF‐β1‐induced EndMT and might be a potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuowang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Nutriology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafang Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yexiang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuquan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li N, Dai C, Yang Y, Wu X, Wang L, Wang P. The expression levels and clinical significance of MFG-E8 and CD133 in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:803-807. [PMID: 31899997 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1708892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to test whether there is an association between high expression of milk fat globule EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) and CD133 presence or clinical outcomes of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). MFG-E8 and CD133 expression levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 88 EOC tumor specimens. High expression of MFG-E8 directly and significantly correlated with the presence of CD133 immunostaining (R = 0.353, p=.001), whereas immunostaining of MFG-E8 and CD133 significantly correlated with FIGO stage, tumor grade, debulking status, the dualistic model, ascites status, and nonresponse to chemotherapy (p<.05). It was also found that high expression of MFG-E8 and CD133 presence is a potent predictor of poor clinical outcomes among patients with EOC. Our study is the first to show that high expression of MFG-E8 in EOCs positively correlates with CD133 presence. Further research on MFG-E8 in EOC is needed to determine whether MFG-E8 is a new tumor marker of ovarian cancer and a new target for anticancer therapy as well as whether it can interact with cancer stem cell inhibitors for the treatment of refractory tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Teaching and Research Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Congwei Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Teaching and Research Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang J, Wu J, Zhu X, Chen J, Zhao J, Xu Y, Xie J. Absence of the MFG-E8 gene prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:587-600. [PMID: 32592231 PMCID: PMC7689852 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial resistance and vascular remodeling, and chronic hypoxia plays an important role in PH. Milk fat globule‐EGF factor 8 (MFG‐E8) is a glycoprotein that regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis, but its role in hypoxia‐induced PH is unknown. The current study aimed to determine the function and fundamental mechanisms of MFG‐E8 in hypoxia‐induced PH. Herein, we exposed mice to hypoxia for 5 weeks, and MFG‐E8 was found to be elevated in mouse lung tissues, arteries, and plasma. Compared with wild‐type littermates, mice lacking MFG‐E8 showed a significant increase in the ratio of pulmonary artery acceleration time to ejection time (PAT/PET), while they showed decreases in right ventricular systolic pressure, the Fulton's Index, percent medial wall thickness (%WT), and vascular muscularization in pulmonary arteries. In addition, MFG‐E8 protein levels were also increased in the serum of patients with chronic PH. Similarly, we observed a higher expression of MFG‐E8 in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in the presence of hypoxic stimulation than MFG‐E8 in cells in normoxic conditions. Furthermore, MFG‐E8 silencing resulted in partial inhibition of proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression in human PASMCs, and the possible mechanisms might involve the interaction between MFG‐E8 and the p‐Akt/cyclin D1 pathway. Collectively, our study suggests that the absence of MFG‐E8 can attenuate the development of hypoxia‐induced PH and vascular remodeling. MFG‐E8 can be a potential therapeutic target or a biomarker for PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jixing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianying Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinkun Chen
- St. John's-Ravenscourt School, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kimura T, Fukushima S, Okada E, Kuriyama H, Kanemaru H, Kadohisa-Tsuruta M, Kubo Y, Nakahara S, Tokuzumi A, Kajihara I, Makino K, Miyashita A, Aoi J, Makino T, Tsukamoto H, Nishimura Y, Inozume T, Zhang R, Uemura Y, Senju S, Ihn H. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myeloid cells expressing OX40 ligand amplify antigen-specific T cells in advanced melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 33:744-755. [PMID: 32353897 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the survival rate of patients with unresectable melanoma. However, some patients do not respond, and variable immune-related adverse events have been reported. Therefore, more effective and antigen-specific immune therapies are urgently needed. We previously reported the efficacy of an immune cell therapy with immortalized myeloid cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS-ML). In this study, we generated OX40L-overexpressing iPS-ML (iPS-ML-Zsgreen-OX40L) and investigated their characteristics and in vivo efficacy against mouse melanoma. We found that iPS-ML-Zsgreen-OX40L suppressed the progression of B16-BL6 melanoma, and prolonged survival of mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-expressing B16 melanoma (MO4). The number of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells was higher in spleen cells treated with OVA peptide-pulsed iPS-ML-Zsgreen-OX40L than in those without OX40L. The OVA peptide-pulsed iPS-ML-Zsgreen-OX40L significantly increased the number of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in MO4 tumor. Flow cytometry showed decreased regulatory T cells but increased effector and effector memory T cells among the TILs. Although we plan to use allogeneic iPS-ML in the clinical applications, iPS-ML showed the tumorgenicity in the syngeneic mice model. Incorporating the suicide gene is necessary to ensure the safety in the future study. Collectively, these results indicate that iPS-ML-Zsgreen-OX40L therapy might be a new method for antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kimura
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Etsuko Okada
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Kuriyama
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kanemaru
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mina Kadohisa-Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kubo
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Aki Tokuzumi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikko Kajihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Katsunari Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Azusa Miyashita
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Aoi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotake Tsukamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nishimura
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Nishimura Project Laboratory, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Inozume
- Department of Dermatology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Rong Zhang
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center (NCC), Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Uemura
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center (NCC), Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoru Senju
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhou Y, Yao Y, Deng Y, Shao A. Regulation of efferocytosis as a novel cancer therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:71. [PMID: 32370748 PMCID: PMC7199874 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis is a physiologic phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells, which modulates inflammatory responses and the immune environment and subsequently facilitates immune escape of cancer cells, thus promoting tumor development and progression. Efferocytosis is an equilibrium formed by perfect coordination among “find-me”, “eat-me” and “don’t-eat-me” signals. These signaling pathways not only affect the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells but also regulate adaptive responses and drug resistance to antitumor therapies. Therefore, efferocytosis-related molecules and pathways are potential targets for antitumor therapy. Besides, supplementing conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other immunotherapies with efferocytosis-targeted therapy could enhance the therapeutic efficacy, reduce off-target toxicity, and promote patient outcome. Video abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongchuan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu J, Yang H, Cheng J, Zhang L, Ke Y, Zhu Y, Wang C, Zhang X, Zhen X, Zheng LT. Knockdown of milk-fat globule EGF factor-8 suppresses glioma progression in GL261 glioma cells by repressing microglial M2 polarization. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8679-8690. [PMID: 32324268 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated microglial cells promote glioma growth, invasion, and chemoresistance by releasing inflammatory factors. Milk fat globule EGF factor 8 protein (MFG-E8), a secreted glycoprotein, is closely related to tissue homeostasis and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the role of MFG-E8 in microglial polarization and glioma progression in vitro and in vivo. We found that glioma cells secrete comparable amounts of MFG-E8 in culture media to astrocytes. Recombinant MFG-E8 triggered microglia to express the M2 polarization markers, such as arginase-1 (ARG-1), macrophage galactose-type C-type lectin-2 (MGL-2), and macrophage mannose receptor (CD206). Forced expression of MFG-E8 in BV-2 microglia cells not only promoted IL-4-induced M2 polarization but also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced M1 microglial polarization. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that recombinant MFG-E8 markedly induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and the STAT3 inhibitor stattic significantly blocked MFG-E8-induced ARG-1 expression. Administration of antibody against MFG-E8 and knockdown of its receptor, integrin β3, significantly attenuated MFG-E8-induced ARG-1 expression. Similarly, knockdown of MFG-E8 also markedly reduced IL-4-induced M2 marker expression and increased LPS-induced M1 marker expression in microglia cells. Moreover, the knockdown of MFG-E8 in GL261 glioma cells inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced chemosensitivity to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), which was likely associated with the downregulation of FAK/AKT activation and STAT3/cyclin D1 signaling. The murine GL261 glioma experimental model demonstrated that knockdown of MFG-E8 significantly reduced tumor size and extended survival times. Additionally, attenuated CD11b+ cell infiltration and reduced CD206+ expression in CD11b+ cells were also observed in an MFG-E8 knockdown GL261 murine glioma model. These results suggested that inhibition of MFG-E8 might hamper the immunosuppressive microenvironment in gliomas and therefore ameliorate tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huicui Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youliang Ke
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Tai Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 Contributes to Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020403. [PMID: 32050643 PMCID: PMC7072366 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) is an anti-inflammatory glycoprotein that mediates a wide spectrum of pathophysiological processes. MFG-E8 has been studied as a key regulator of cancer cell invasion, migration, and proliferation in different tissues and organs. However, potential roles of MFG-E8 in the growth and progression of liver cancer have not been investigated to date. Here, we analyzed 33 human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and found that levels of MFG-E8 expression were significantly higher in HCC cells than in normal liver tissues. In addition, our in vitro gain-of-function study in three different HCC cell lines revealed that overexpression of MFG-E8 promoted the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, as determined by RT-qPCR, MTT assays, and wound healing analyses. Conversely, an MFG-E8 loss-of function study showed that proliferation capacity was significantly reduced by MFG-E8 knockdown in HCC cells. Additionally, MFG-E8 activity-neutralizing antibodies profoundly inhibited both migration and proliferation of HCC cells, attenuating their tumorigenic properties. These reductions in migration and proliferation were rescued by treatment of HCC cells with recombinant MFG-E8 protein. Furthermore, an in vivo HCC xenograft study showed that the number of proliferating HCC cells and tumor volume/weight were all significantly increased by MFG-E8 overexpression, compared to control mice. These results clearly show that MFG-E8 plays an important role in HCC progression and may provide a basis for future mechanistic studies and new strategies for the treatment of liver cancer.
Collapse
|
27
|
Jiang Y, Zhan H. Communication between EMT and PD-L1 signaling: New insights into tumor immune evasion. Cancer Lett 2019; 468:72-81. [PMID: 31605776 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockage has been considered a breakthrough in cancer treatment, achieving encouraging anti-tumor effects in some advanced solid malignancies. However, low response rate and therapeutic resistance represent significant challenges in this field. In addition to its typical role in embryonic development and tissue fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in tumor immunosuppression and immune evasion. Previous studies revealed that EMT is associated with activation of different immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-L1. EMT-induced immune escape promotes cancer progression and may also provide a platform for discovery of novel therapeutic approaches and predictive biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor therapeutic response. Here, we summarize recent findings focused on EMT-induced immune suppression and evasion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs), immune cells, cell plasticity and their regulatory role in the immune response are thoroughly reviewed. Bidirectional regulation between EMT and PD-L1 signaling is discussed in terms of cancer immune escape and possible combined therapies. Additionally, we investigated the value of preclinical or clinical trials using EMT targeted therapy combined with PD-L1 inhibitors. This review may help to further understand the role of EMT and PD-L1 signaling in cancer immune evasion. Meanwhile, additional molecular mechanistic studies and clinical trials are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li H, Zhang T, Wang K, Lu M, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Chen ZN, Bian H. MFGE8 protects against CCl 4 -induced liver injury by reducing apoptosis and promoting proliferation of hepatocytes. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16463-16474. [PMID: 30767216 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFGE8) has been reported to play various roles in acute injury and inflammation response. However, the role of MFGE8 in liver injury is poorly investigated. The present research was designed to clarify the expression and function of MFGE8 in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced liver injury. Using serum cytokine arrays, we selected a promising cytokine MFGE8 as the candidate in the process of hepatitis-fibrosis-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, based on the elevated expression in both hepatic fibrosis and HCC models. We validated the increased expression of MFGE8 in liver tissues and serum samples of acute and chronic CCl4 -induced mice. Immunohistochemistry staining of mouse liver tissues indicated that elevated MFGE8 expression was mainly derived from the injured hepatocytes. In addition, MFGE8 expression in the supernatant of primary hepatocytes was accumulated with prolongation of culture time, and CCl4 treatment further increased the expression of MFGE8. Moreover, a strong correlation between serum MFGE8 expression and liver transaminase activities suggested that MFGE8 may be a novel candidate in liver injury. Intriguingly, mice pretreated with MFGE8 were protected from CCl4 -induced liver injury through antiapoptosis role in the early stage and proproliferation role in the late stage. MFGE8 reduced apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of IRE1α/ASK1/JNK pathway and promoted proliferation by phosphorylation of ERK and AKT. Moreover, serum MFGE8 expression was increased in hepatitis patients while decreased in liver cirrhosis patients. All the results suggest MFGE8 as a novel marker and promising therapeutic agent of liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, The People's Liberation Army 926 Central Hospital, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yonghong Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijie Bian
- Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fujiwara C, Motegi SI, Ohira A, Yamaguchi S, Sekiguchi A, Yasuda M, Nakamura H, Makiguchi T, Yokoo S, Hoshina D, Abe R, Takahashi K, Ishikawa O. The significance of tumor cells-derived MFG-E8 in tumor growth of angiosarcoma. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 96:18-25. [PMID: 31447183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated that MFG-E8 enhances tumor cell survival, invasion and angiogenesis. However, the role of MFG-E8 in angiosarcoma (AS) has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE Objective was to elucidate the mechanism of the regulation by MFG-E8 in AS and the association between MFG-E8 and clinicopathological features of AS. METHODS The effects of the depletion of MFG-E8 by siRNA on tube formation, migration and proliferation in murine AS cells were examined. The effect of administration of anti-MFG-E8 antibody (Ab) on tumor growth of AS in mice was examined. The associations of MFG-E8 expression and clinicopathological features of human AS were assessed. RESULTS The expressions of MFG-E8 in murine and human AS cells were significantly higher than those in melanoma cells, macrophages and endothelial cells. Depletion of MFG-E8 in murine AS cells by siRNA significantly inhibited the formation of capillary-like structures and migration, but not proliferation. Administration of anti-MFG-E8 Ab significantly inhibited tumor growth and decreased the number of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in AS tumors. Tumor size and the number of TAMs in human AS with high expression of MFG-E8 were significantly increased compared to those of AS with low expression of MFG-E8. Progression-free survival and overall survival time of the patients of AS with high expression of MFG-E8 were significantly shorter than those of AS with low expression of MFG-E8. CONCLUSIONS AS-derived MFG-E8 might enhance tumor growth via angiogenesis and the induction of TAMs in autocrine/paracrine manner, and administration of anti-MFG-E8 Ab could be a therapeutic potential for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chisako Fujiwara
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Aoi Ohira
- Department of Dermatology, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Sayaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Akiko Sekiguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masahito Yasuda
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hideharu Nakamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takaya Makiguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Daichi Hoshina
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Riichiro Abe
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Division of Dermatology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenzo Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yang Y, Li J, Song Q, Zhu K, Yu X, Tian Y, Zhang J. Reduction in milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cell viability and migration. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3457-3465. [PMID: 30867784 PMCID: PMC6396170 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) has been demonstrated to be associated with the progression and metastasis of breast cancer, although the underlying mechanisms remain undefined. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of MFG-E8 in human breast cancer and examine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to evaluate the expression levels of MFG-E8 in human breast carcinoma cell lines. An MFG-E8 small interfering RNA lentiviral vector was constructed and transfected into MDA-MB-231 cells. The results indicated that the in vitro silencing of MFG-E8 significantly inhibited the viability, invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. By using a flow cytometric approach, the knockdown of MFG-E8 was revealed to significantly induce cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of MFG-E8 induced the activation of apoptosis-associated proteins, and inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated proteins. Collectively, the results of the present study emphasize the importance of MFG-E8 deregulation in mammary carcinogenesis and its potential use as a biomarker for the diagnosis of breast carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiebao Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Kongjun Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocheng Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gheibi Hayat SM, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Efferocytosis: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological perspectives. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 97:124-133. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kanemura T, Miyata H, Makino T, Tanaka K, Sugimura K, Hamada-Uematsu M, Mizote Y, Uchida H, Miyazaki Y, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Yamasaki M, Wada H, Nakajima K, Takiguchi S, Mori M, Doki Y, Tahara H. Immunoregulatory influence of abundant MFG-E8 expression by esophageal cancer treated with chemotherapy. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3393-3402. [PMID: 30156356 PMCID: PMC6215892 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat globule‐epidermal growth factor factor 8 (MFG‐E8) is secreted from macrophages and is known to induce immunological tolerance mediated by regulatory T cells. However, the roles of the MFG‐E8 that is expressed by cancer cells have not yet been fully examined. Expression of MFG‐E8 was examined using immunohistochemistry in surgical samples from 134 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The relationships between MFG‐E8 expression levels and clinicopathological factors, including tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes, were evaluated. High MFG‐E8 expression was observed in 23.9% of the patients. The patients with tumors highly expressing MFG‐E8 had a significantly higher percentage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) history (P < .0001) and shorter relapse‐free survival (P = 0.012) and overall survival (OS; P = .0047). On subgroup analysis, according to NAC history, patients with high MFG‐E8 expression had significantly shorter relapse‐free survival (P = .027) and OS (P = .0039) only when they had been treated with NAC. Furthermore, tumors with high MFG‐E8 expression had a significantly lower ratio of CD8+ T cells/regulatory T cells in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (P = .042) only in the patients treated with NAC, and those with a lower ratio had a shorter OS (P = .026). High MFG‐E8 expression was also found to be an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. The abundant MFG‐E8 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma might have a negative influence on the long‐term survival of patients after chemotherapy by affecting T‐cell regulation in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kanemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Keijiro Sugimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mika Hamada-Uematsu
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Mizote
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Uchida
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miyazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hisashi Wada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tahara
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cancer Drug Discovery and Development, Research Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shokeen Y, Sharma NR, Vats A, Taneja V, Minhas S, Jauhri M, Sankaran S, Aggarwal S. Identification of Prognostic and Susceptibility Markers in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Using Next Generation Sequencing. Ethiop J Health Sci 2018; 28:135-146. [PMID: 29983511 PMCID: PMC6016334 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v28i2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is continuously increasing and expected to reach 100,000 patients every year by 2030. Though the discovery of Imatinib Mesylate (IM) has brought a paradigm shift in CML treatment, 20% patients show resistance to this tyrosine kinase inhibiter (TKI). Therefore, it is important to identify markers, which can predict the occurrence and prognosis of CML. Clinical Exome Sequencing, panel of more than 4800 genes, was performed in CML patients to identify prognostic and susceptibility markers in CML. METHODS Enrolled CML patients (n=18) were segregated as IM responders (n=10) and IM failures (n=8) as per European Leukemia Net (ELN), 2013 guidelines. Healthy controls (n=5) were also enrolled. DNA from blood of subjects was subjected to Next Generation Sequencing. Rare mutations present in one patient group and absent in another group were considered as prognostic markers, whereas mutations present in more than 50% patients were considered as susceptibility markers. RESULT Mutations in genes associated with cancer related functions were found in different patient groups. Four variants: rs116201358, rs4014596, rs52897880 and rs2274329 in C8A, UNC93B1, APOH and CA6 genes, respectively, were present in IM responders; whereas rs4945 in MFGE8 was present in IM failures. Mutations in HLA-DRB1 (rs17878951), HLA-DRB5 (rs137863146), RPHN2 (rs193179333), CYP2F1 (rs116958555), KCNJ12 (rs76684759) and FUT3 (rs151218854) were present as susceptibility markers. CONCLUSION The potential genetic markers discovered in this study can help in predicting response to IM as frontline therapy. Susceptibility markers may also be used as panel for individuals prone to have CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogender Shokeen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Neeta Raj Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Pediatric Emergency Consultant, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia; School of Bio-Engineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Abhishek Vats
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Vibha Taneja
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Minhas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Mayank Jauhri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Satish Sankaran
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine. UAS Alumini Building, Veterinary College Campus, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India
| | - Shyam Aggarwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cao Q, Hong S, Li Y, Chen H, Shen Y, Shao K, Lu M, Dai H, Ma S, Dai G. Coptisine suppresses tumor growth and progression by down-regulating MFG-E8 in colorectal cancer. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30937-30945. [PMID: 35548723 PMCID: PMC9085504 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05806g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a clinical challenge. Coptisine, an alkaloid derived from Coptis chinensis Franch. shows toxic effects on CRC cells, but its underlying mechanism remains elusive. MFG-E8 is involved in tumor growth and progression. Herein, we evaluated the effects of coptisine on MFG-E8 in CRC, and explored the mechanism. The expression of MFG-E8 in CRC and adjacent normal colon tissue samples from patients was detected. The effects of coptisine on CRC cells HCT116 in vitro were evaluated by CCK-8, adhesion and transwell assays. A xenograft tumor model was used to assess the effects of coptisine in vivo. The morphology of CRC tissue was observed by HE staining. Cell signaling was tested using western blotting and immunohistochemical assay. The expression of MFG-E8 in human CRC tissue samples significantly increased compared with that of adjacent normal ones. Coptisine significantly reduced the expressions of MFG-E8 in HCT116 cells and tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, coptisine suppressed the growth, adhesion and metastasis of CRC cells. Coptisine also suppressed the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, it inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition in vivo and in vitro. Coptisine inhibited CRC growth and progression by down-regulating MFG-E8, and is a potential candidate for treatment. Treating colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a clinical challenge. Coptisine, an alkaloid derived from Coptis chinensis Franch. shows toxic effects on CRC cells, but its underlying mechanism remains elusive.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Cao
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Hong
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Heng Chen
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Yining Shen
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Kang Shao
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Mengjie Lu
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Dai
- The First Clinical College
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Shitang Ma
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Anhui Science and Technology University
- Fengyang 233100
- P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210029
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kamińska A, Enguita FJ, Stępień EŁ. Lactadherin: An unappreciated haemostasis regulator and potential therapeutic agent. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 101:21-28. [PMID: 29169950 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lactadherin is a small (53-66kDa) multifunctional glycoprotein belonging to the secreted extracellular matrix protein family. It has a multi-domain structure and is involved in many biological and physiological processes, including phagocytosis, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, tissue remodeling, and haemostasis regulation. Lactadherin binds phosphatidylserine (PS)-enriched cell surfaces in a receptor-independent manner. Interaction between lactadherin and PS is crucial for regulation of blood coagulation processes. This review summarizes recent knowledge on the possible role of lactadherin in haemostasis control, emphasizing the great significance of the interaction between lactadherin and PS expressed on activated platelets and extracellular vesicles. The possible role of lactadherin as a therapeutic target and biomarker is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kamińska
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11 Street, Kraków 30-348, Poland.
| | - Francisco J Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal.
| | - Ewa Ł Stępień
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11 Street, Kraków 30-348, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jia M, Yao H, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang H, Cui T, Zhu J. Prognostic Correlation Between MFG-E8 Expression Level and Colorectal Cancer. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:270-275. [PMID: 28923329 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death all over the world. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor (EGF)-factor VIII (MFG-E8) was found to be highly expressed in a variety of cancers. However its role in CRC is unclear. This study investigates the expression of MFG-E8 in CRC tissues and the correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis in CRC patients. METHODS The expression of MFG-E8 proteins was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 90 samples of CRC. The localization of MFG-E8 in colorectal tumor was examined by immunofluorescence staining. The correlation between MFG-E8 protein expression and the clinical pathological features of CRC were evaluated by χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. The survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the relationship between prognostic factors and patient survival was analyzed by the Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Our results showed that MFG-E8 expression increased significantly in colorectal cancer compared with normal mucosa tissues (p <0.001). We further validated MFG-E8 overexpression in 6 pairs of fresh tumor and adjacent normal mucosa tissues from colorectal cancer patients by Western blot (p <0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that MFG-E8 accumulated in close proximity to endothelial cells in human colorectal tumor tissue. In addition, high MFG-E8 protein expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis and some pathological classifications (p <0.05). Furthermore, patients with high protein level of MFG-E8 showed shortened overall survivals (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Our results showed that MFG-E8 could be a potential novel prognostic marker for CRC and overexpression of MFG-E8 might be involved in lymph node metastasis and angiogenesis of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jia
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huaning Yao
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chao Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Han Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tianpen Cui
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ooishi T, Nadano D, Matsuda T, Oshima K. Extracellular vesicle-mediated MFG-E8 localization in the extracellular matrix is required for its integrin-dependent function in mouse mammary epithelial cells. Genes Cells 2017; 22:885-899. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ooishi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Daita Nadano
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Kenzi Oshima
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Deng KQ, Li J, She ZG, Gong J, Cheng WL, Gong FH, Zhu XY, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Li H. Restoration of Circulating MFGE8 (Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8) Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy Through Inhibition of Akt Pathway. Hypertension 2017; 70:770-779. [PMID: 28827473 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to numerous stimuli like neurohumoral stress, pressure overload, infection, and injury, and leads to heart failure. Mfge8 (milk fat globule-EGF factor 8) is a secreted protein involved in various human diseases, but its regulation and function during cardiac hypertrophy remain unexplored. Here, we found that circulating MFGE8 levels declined significantly in failing hearts from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Correlation analyses revealed that circulating MFGE8 levels were negatively correlated with the severity of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in affected patients. Deleting Mfge8 in mice maintained normal heart function at basal level but substantially exacerbated the hypertrophic enlargement of cardiomyocytes, reprogramming of pathological genes, contractile dysfunction, and myocardial fibrosis after aortic banding surgery. In contrast, cardiac-specific Mfge8 overexpression in transgenic mice significantly blunted aortic banding-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Whereas MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathways were unaffected in either Mfge8-knockout or Mfge8-overexpressing mice, the activated Akt/PKB (protein kinase B)-Gsk-3β (glycogen synthase kinase-3β)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway after aortic banding was significantly potentiated by Mfge8 deficiency but suppressed by Mfge8 overexpression. Inhibition of Akt with MK-2206 blocked the prohypertrophic effects of Mfge8 deficiency in angiotensin II-treated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Finally, administering a recombinant human MFGE8 in mice in vivo alleviated cardiac hypertrophy induced by aortic banding. Our findings indicate that Mfge8 is an endogenous negative regulator of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and may, thus, have potential both as a novel biomarker and as a therapeutic target for treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qiong Deng
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Jing Li
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Jun Gong
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Wen-Lin Cheng
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Fu-Han Gong
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Xue-Yong Zhu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China.
| | - Hongliang Li
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China; and Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhao Q, Xu L, Sun X, Zhang K, Shen H, Tian Y, Sun F, Li Y. MFG-E8 overexpression promotes colorectal cancer progression via AKT/MMPs signalling. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317707881. [PMID: 28653875 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317707881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiujie Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huimin Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengkai Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li H, Ma Y, Xu W, Chen H, Day L. MFG-E8 protein promotes C2C12myogenic differentiation by enhancing PI3K/Akt signaling. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02216f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of MFG-E8 on C2C12cell differentiation was analysed by immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Weili Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Li Day
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
- AgResearch Limited
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li H, Xu W, Ma Y, Zhou S. Separation and purification of the bovine milk fat globule membrane protein and its effect on improvement of C2C12mouse skeletal muscle cell proliferation. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00560a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel method to improve the proliferation activity of C2C12cells by the bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) protein was established in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Weili Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- School of Life Sciences
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science and Technology
- University of BedfordshireLuton
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Motegi SI, Ishikawa O. Mesenchymal stem cells: The roles and functions in cutaneous wound healing and tumor growth. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 86:83-89. [PMID: 27866791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are bone marrow-derived non-hematopoietic progenitor cells. MSCs are able to differentiate into various types of cells, including chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteocytes, myocytes, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. There is increasing evidence that MSCs might be located external to the vasculature, and that perivascular cells in the skin, generally called as "pericytes", might include MSCs. It has been suggested that MSCs localized around blood vessels might migrate into wounds and contribute to the restoration of injured tissues. Many studies have demonstrated that intravenous or intradermal administration of MSCs enhanced cutaneous wound healing, such as acute incisional and excisional wounds, diabetic ulcers, radiation ulcers, and burns in animals and humans. Several mechanisms of the acceleration of wound healing by MSCs have been identified, including the enhancement of angiogenesis by secretion of pro-angiogenic factors and the differentiation into endothelial cells and/or pericytes, M2 macrophages polarization, the recruitment of endogenous stem/progenitor cells, extracellular matrix production and remodeling, and immunosuppressive effects. Since the microenvironments of wounds and/or injured tissues are similar to those of tumors, MSCs also play similar roles in malignant tumors, such as the enhancement of angiogenesis, M2 macrophages polarization, and immunosuppressive effects. In addition, the mechanisms of homing of MSCs might have a commonality in the pathogenesis of wound healing and tumors. Thus, the regulating factors of MSCs, including MFG-E8, could be a therapeutic target and lead to the establishment of new therapeutic approaches for both intractable wound healing and tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Functional Role of Milk Fat Globule-Epidermal Growth Factor VIII in Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses and Inflammatory/Autoimmune Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5628486. [PMID: 27429513 PMCID: PMC4939324 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5628486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation involves a series of complex biological processes mediated by innate immunity for host defense against pathogen infection. Chronic inflammation is considered to be one of the major causes of serious diseases, including a number of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a secreted protein found in vertebrates and was initially discovered as a critical component of the milk fat globule. Previously, a number of studies have reported that MFG-E8 contributes to various biological functions including the phagocytic removal of damaged and apoptotic cells from tissues, the induction of VEGF-mediated neovascularization, the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis, and the promotion of mucosal healing. Recently, emerging studies have reported that MFG-E8 plays a role in inflammatory responses and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. This review describes the characteristics of MFG-E8-mediated signaling pathways, summarizes recent findings supporting the roles of MFG-E8 in inflammatory responses and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, and discusses MFG-E8 targeting as a potential therapeutic strategy for the development of anti-inflammatory/autoimmune disease drugs.
Collapse
|
44
|
Yu L, Hu R, Sullivan C, Swanson RJ, Oehninger S, Sun YP, Bocca S. MFGE8 regulates TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in endometrial epithelial cells in vitro. Reproduction 2016; 152:225-33. [PMID: 27340235 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFGE8) in TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of endometrial epithelial cells. These were in vitro studies using human endometrial epithelial cells and mouse blastocysts. We investigated the ability of TGF-β to induce EMT in endometrial epithelial cells (HEC-1A) by assessment of cytological phenotype (by light and atomic force microscopy), changes in expression of the markers of cell adhesion/differentiation E- and N-cadherin, and of the transcription factor Snail (by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting), and competence to support embryo attachment in a mouse blastocyst outgrowth assay. We also studied the effects of E-cadherin expression in cells transfected by retroviral shRNA vectors specifically silencing MFGE8. Results demonstrated that TGF-β induced EMT as demonstrated by phenotypic cell changes, by a switch of cadherin expression as well as by upregulation of the expression of the mesenchymal markers Snail and Vimentin. Upon MFGE8 knockdown, these processes were interfered with, suggesting that MFGE8 and TGF-β together may participate in regulation of EMT. This study demonstrated for the first time that endometrial MFGE8 modulates TGF-β-induced EMT in human endometrium cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yu
- The Jones Institute for Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA Reproductive Medical CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Reproductive Medicine CenterKey Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Claretta Sullivan
- Department of SurgeryEastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - R James Swanson
- Department of Biological SciencesOld Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Sergio Oehninger
- The Jones Institute for Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Reproductive Medical CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Silvina Bocca
- The Jones Institute for Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yamada K, Uchiyama A, Uehara A, Perera B, Ogino S, Yokoyama Y, Takeuchi Y, Udey MC, Ishikawa O, Motegi SI. MFG-E8 Drives Melanoma Growth by Stimulating Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Induced Angiogenesis and M2 Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4283-92. [PMID: 27197197 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Secretion of the powerful angiogenic factor MFG-E8 by pericytes can bypass the therapeutic effects of anti-VEGF therapy, but the mechanisms by which MFG-E8 acts are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated how this factor acts to promote the growth of melanomas that express it. We found that mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) expressed a substantial amount of MFG-E8. To assess its expression from this cell type, we implanted melanoma cells and MSC derived from wild type (WT) or MFG-E8 deficient [knockout (KO)] into mice and monitored tumor growth. Tumor growth and M2 macrophages were each attenuated in subjects coimplanted with KO-MSC compared with WT-MSC. In both xenograft tumors and clinical specimens of melanoma, we found that MFG-E8 expression was heightened near blood vessels where MSC could be found. Through in vitro assays, we confirmed that WT-MSC-conditioned medium was more potent at inducing M2 macrophage polarization, compared with KO-MSC-conditioned medium. VEGF and ET-1 expression in KO-MSC was significantly lower than in WT-MSC, correlating in vivo with reduced tumor growth and numbers of pericytes and M2 macrophages within tumors. Overall, our results suggested that MFG-E8 acts at two levels, by increasing VEGF and ET-1 expression in MSC and by enhancing M2 polarization of macrophages, to increase tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4283-92. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Yamada
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Uchiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akihito Uehara
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Buddhini Perera
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ogino
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoko Yokoyama
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuko Takeuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mark C Udey
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bossi D, Cicalese A, Dellino GI, Luzi L, Riva L, D'Alesio C, Diaferia GR, Carugo A, Cavallaro E, Piccioni R, Barberis M, Mazzarol G, Testori A, Punzi S, Pallavicini I, Tosti G, Giacó L, Melloni G, Heffernan TP, Natoli G, Draetta GF, Minucci S, Pelicci P, Lanfrancone L. In Vivo Genetic Screens of Patient-Derived Tumors Revealed Unexpected Frailty of the Transformed Phenotype. Cancer Discov 2016; 6:650-63. [PMID: 27179036 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-15-1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The identification of genes maintaining cancer growth is critical to our understanding of tumorigenesis. We report the first in vivo genetic screen of patient-derived tumors, using metastatic melanomas and targeting 236 chromatin genes by expression of specific shRNA libraries. Our screens revealed unprecedented numerosity of genes indispensable for tumor growth (∼50% of tested genes) and unexpected functional heterogeneity among patients (<15% in common). Notably, these genes were not activated by somatic mutations in the same patients and are therefore distinguished from mutated cancer driver genes. We analyzed underlying molecular mechanisms of one of the identified genes, the Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase KMT2D, and showed that it promotes tumorigenesis by dysregulating a subset of transcriptional enhancers and target genes involved in cell migration. The assembly of enhancer genomic patterns by activated KMT2D was highly patient-specific, regardless of the identity of transcriptional targets, suggesting that KMT2D might be activated by distinct upstream signaling pathways. SIGNIFICANCE Drug targeting of biologically relevant cancer-associated mutations is considered a critical strategy to control cancer growth. Our functional in vivo genetic screens of patient-derived tumors showed unprecedented numerosity and interpatient heterogeneity of genes that are essential for tumor growth, but not mutated, suggesting that multiple, patient-specific signaling pathways are activated in tumors. Cancer Discov; 6(6); 650-63. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 561.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Cicalese
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano I Dellino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy. Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucilla Luzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Riva
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina D'Alesio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe R Diaferia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carugo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy. Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elena Cavallaro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossana Piccioni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Barberis
- Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Testori
- Division of Dermatoncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Punzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Pallavicini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Tosti
- Division of Dermatoncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Giacó
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Melloni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Timothy P Heffernan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gioacchino Natoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio F Draetta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy. Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - PierGiuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy. Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kusunoki R, Ishihara S, Tada Y, Oka A, Sonoyama H, Fukuba N, Oshima N, Moriyama I, Yuki T, Kawashima K, Ansary MMU, Tajima Y, Maruyama R, Nabika T, Kinoshita Y. Role of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 in colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis. J Gastroenterol 2015; 50:862-75. [PMID: 25596854 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-014-1036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) promotes phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. However, its functions in intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis are unknown. METHODS Experimental colitis was induced in MFG-E8 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) administration. Colon tissues were used for assessments of colitis activity and epithelial proliferation. A mouse colitis-associated cancer (CAC) model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and then the animals were given a single administration of DSS. A sporadic colon cancer model was established by repeated intraperitoneal injections of AOM. The role of MFG-E8 in epithelial proliferation with or without treatment of siRNA targeting α(v)-integrin was examined in vitro using a WST-1 assay. RESULTS The severity of colitis in KO mice was greater than that in WT mice, while the proliferative potential of colonic epithelial cells in KO mice was lower during the regenerative phase. In both CAC and sporadic models, tumor size in KO was lower as compared to WT mice, while decreased tumor incidence was only found in the CAC model. In vitro findings showed that MFG-E8 promotes epithelial cell proliferation, and treatment with a siRNA targeting α(v)-integrin reduced the proliferation of Colon-26 cells stimulated with recombinant MFG-E8. CONCLUSIONS MFG-E8 promotes tumor growth regardless of the presence or absence of colonic inflammation, whereas colon tumor development is initiated by MFG-E8 under inflammatory conditions. These MFG-E8 functions may be dependent on integrin-mediated cellular signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryusaku Kusunoki
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee J, Choi BI, Park SY, An SY, Han J, Kim JH. Fetal hematopoietic stem cells express MFG-E8 during mouse embryogenesis. Exp Mol Med 2015. [PMID: 26206421 PMCID: PMC4525298 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The milk fat globule-EGF-factor 8 protein (MFG-E8) has been identified in various tissues, where it has an important role in intercellular interactions, cellular migration, and neovascularization. Previous studies showed that MFG-E8 is expressed in different cell types under normal and pathophysiological conditions, but its expression in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during hematopoiesis has not been reported. In the present study, we investigated MFG-E8 expression in multiple hematopoietic tissues at different stages of mouse embryogenesis. Using immunohistochemistry, we showed that MFG-E8 was specifically expressed in CD34+ HSCs at all hematopoietic sites, including the yolk sac, aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, placenta and fetal liver, during embryogenesis. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrated that CD34+ cells, purified from the fetal liver, expressed additional HSC markers, c-Kit and Sca-1, and that these CD34+ cells, but not CD34− cells, highly expressed MFG-E8. We also found that MFG-E8 was not expressed in HSCs in adult mouse bone marrow, and that its expression was confined to F4/80+ macrophages. Together, this study demonstrates, for the first time, that MFG-8 is expressed in fetal HSC populations, and that MFG-E8 may have a role in embryonic hematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehun Lee
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-il Choi
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Yeon An
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyou Han
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Michelini Z, Negri D, Biava M, Baroncelli S, Spada M, Leone P, Bona R, Blasi M, Nègre D, Klotman ME, Cara A. Murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed from a bicistronic simian immunodeficiency virus-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector does not enhance T-cell responses in mice. Viral Immunol 2015; 27:512-20. [PMID: 25343523 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2014.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a prelude to immunization studies in nonhuman primates, we compared in mice the immunogenicity of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-based integrase (IN)-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) encoding the model antigen-enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) in the presence or absence of the murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) expressed from an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) sequence. BALB/c mice were immunized once intramuscularly with IDLV expressing eGFP alone or eGFP and mGM-CSF and immune responses were evaluated up to 90 days from the single intramuscular immunization. Results indicated that the mGM-CSF was unable to improve the magnitude and quality of the immune response against the eGFP transgene in the context of the SIV-based IDLV, as evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays for interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and by intracellular cytokine staining for IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). These findings suggest that for vaccination purposes, the presence of mGM-CSF expressed after the IRES in a SIV-based IDLV system does not favor the improvement of the immunological response against the transgene of interest. Further studies should investigate whether the selection of a different cytokine gene might improve the immune response against the transgene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuleika Michelini
- 1 Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Aziz M, Yang WL, Corbo LM, Chaung WW, Matsuo S, Wang P. MFG-E8 inhibits neutrophil migration through αvβ₃-integrin-dependent MAP kinase activation. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:18-28. [PMID: 25936372 PMCID: PMC4494603 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the involvement of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8) in reducing neutrophil infiltration in a murine model of acute lung injury (ALI). In the present study, we aimed to delineate the mechanisms through which MFG-E8 attenuates neutrophil migration. Recombinant human MFG-E8 (rhMFG-E8) was expressed and purified in our facility. The human differentiated neutrophil cell line, dHL-60, was treated with rhMFG-E8 and cell migration assay was performed in a Boyden chamber using recombinant interleukin-8 (IL-8) as the chemoattractant. Surface CXCR2 and intracellular G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) levels were evaluated by flow cytometry or western blot analysis. The levels of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases were determined by western blot analysis. Treatment with rhMFG-E8 resulted in a significant inhibition of dHL-60 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. There was a 46% decrease in CXCR2 expression in the rhMFG-E8-treated dHL-60 cells, which was associated with a 32% increase in GRK2 expression. In the dHL-60 cells, treatment with rhMFG-E8 promoted the phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) within 10–30 min. The use of SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, and PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, resulted in the restoration of dHL-60 cell migration which was significantly inhibited treatment with rhMFG-E8. Furthermore, blocking the MFG-E8 receptors, αvβ3/αvβ5-integrins, by anti-αv-integrin neutralizing antibody (Ab) inhibited the activation of p38 and ERK, and reversed the rhMFG-E8-induced inhibition of dHL-60 cell migration. Finally, treatment of the dHL-60 cells with SB203580 and PD98059 neutralized the rhMFG-E8-induced downregulation of CXCR2 expression and upregulation of GRK2 expression, as well as the inhibitory effects on cell migration. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of action of MFG-E8 through which it inhibits neutrophil migration through αvβ3-integrin-dependent MAP kinase activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monowar Aziz
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore‑LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Weng-Lang Yang
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore‑LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Lana M Corbo
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore‑LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Wayne W Chaung
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore‑LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Shingo Matsuo
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore‑LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore‑LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|