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Zou Z, Huang Y, Zhou Z, Yang Y. Magnetic resonance differential analysis for different hormone receptor expression status in HER-2-positive breast cancer. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:68-75. [PMID: 36935179 PMCID: PMC10930563 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently, it is difficult to assess the expression status of hormone receptor (HR) in breast malignant tumors with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)-positive in the early preoperative stage, and it is difficult to predict whether it is non-invasively. This study aims to explore the value of MRI on the different HR expression status (HR+/HR-) in HER-2 positive breast cancer. METHODS Thirty patients with HR+ HER-2-positive breast cancer (HR+ group) and 23 patients with HR-HER-2-positive breast cancer (HR- group) from the First Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 7, 2015 and November 26, 2021 were selected as subjects, and all the patients were examined by MRI and all were confirmed by surgery or pathological biopsy puncture. The immunohistochemical staining results were used as the gold standard to analyze the basic clinical conditions, peri-lesion conditions and MRI sign characteristics in the 2 groups. RESULTS There were all significant differences in terms of mass margins, internal reinforcement features, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between the HR+ group and the HR- group (all P<0.05). The logistic multivariate regression model showed that: when the lesion presented as a mass-type breast cancer on MRI, the internal enhancement features of the lesion were an independent predictor for differentiation in the 2 types of breast cancer [odds ratio (OR)=5.95, 95% CI: 1.223 to 28.951, P<0.05], and the mass margin (OR=0.386, 95% CI: 0.137 to 1.082, P>0.05) and ADC value (OR=0.234, 95% CI: 0.001 to 105.293, P>0.05) were not the independent predictors in distinguishing the 2 types of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Multiparametric MRI has good diagnostic value for HR expression status in HER-2-positive breast cancer. Combined logistic regression analysis to construct a predictive model may be helpful to the identical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Zou
- 2021 Graduate Class, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208.
| | - Yanfang Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410021, China
| | - Zhihui Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410021, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410021, China.
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2
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Gajadeera N, Hanson RN. Review of fluorescent steroidal ligands for the estrogen receptor 1995-2018. Steroids 2019; 144:30-46. [PMID: 30738074 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of fluorescent ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) continues to be of interest. Over the past 20 years, most efforts have focused on appending an expanding variety of fluorophores to the B-, C- and D-rings of the steroidal scaffold. This review highlights the synthesis and evaluation of derivatives substituted primarily at the 6-, 7α- and 17α-positions, culminating with our recent work on 11β-substituted estradiols, and proposes an approach to new fluorescent imaging agents that retain high ER affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisal Gajadeera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston MA02115-5000, United States
| | - Robert N Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston MA02115-5000, United States.
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3
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Tang C, Du Y, Liang Q, Cheng Z, Tian J. A Novel Estrogen Receptor α-Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for in Vivo Detection of Breast Tumor. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4702-4709. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chu Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Qian Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, and Bio-X Program, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5344, United States
| | - Jie Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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4
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Johansen ML, Gao Y, Hutnick MA, Craig SEL, Pokorski JK, Flask CA, Brady-Kalnay SM. Quantitative Molecular Imaging with a Single Gd-Based Contrast Agent Reveals Specific Tumor Binding and Retention in Vivo. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5932-5939. [PMID: 28481080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an indispensable tool in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, especially cancer. However, the poor sensitivity of MRI relative to other imaging modalities, such as PET, has hindered the development and clinical use of molecular MRI contrast agents that could provide vital diagnostic information by specifically locating a molecular target altered in the disease process. This work describes the specific and sustained in vivo binding and retention of a protein tyrosine phosphatase mu (PTPμ)-targeted, molecular magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent with a single gadolinium (Gd) chelate using a quantitative MRI T1 mapping technique in glioma xenografts. Quantitative T1 mapping is an imaging method used to measure the longitudinal relaxation time, the T1 relaxation time, of protons in a magnetic field after excitation by a radiofrequency pulse. T1 relaxation times can in turn be used to calculate the concentration of a gadolinium-containing contrast agent in a region of interest, thereby allowing the retention or clearance of an agent to be quantified. In this context, retention is a measure of molecular contrast agent binding. Using conventional peptide chemistry, a PTPμ-targeted peptide was linked to a chelator that had been conjugated to a lysine residue. Following complexation with Gd, this PTPμ-targeted molecular contrast agent containing a single Gd ion showed significant tumor enhancement and a sustained increase in Gd concentration in both heterotopic and orthotopic tumors using dynamic quantitative MRI. This single Gd-containing PTPμ agent was more effective than our previous version with three Gd ions. Differences between nonspecific and specific agents, due to specific tumor binding, can be determined within the first 30 min after agent administration by examining clearance rates. This more facile chemistry, when combined with quantitative MR techniques, allows for widespread adoption by academic and commercial entities in the field of molecular MRI ultimately leading to improved detection of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4960, United States
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Melanie A Hutnick
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Sonya E L Craig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4960, United States
| | - Jonathan K Pokorski
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Chris A Flask
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Susann M Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4960, United States
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5
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Tsapis N. [Contrast agents for medical imaging: the examples of MRI and ultrasonography]. Med Sci (Paris) 2017; 33:18-24. [PMID: 28120751 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20173301004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasonography are now well rooted into clinical practice. Nevertheless, to further improve the diagnostic of specific pathologies, contrast agents are needed. Materials used to formulate these agents should be carefully selected to interact with the physical stimulus in a way that the collected signal is as intense as possible, according to the imaging technique used. In addition, materials these agents are made of should exhibit no toxicity or the lowest toxicity compared to their medical benefits. We present here the state of the art for contrast agents used in MRI and ultrasonography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Tsapis
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Pais A, Degani H. Estrogen Receptor-Targeted Contrast Agents for Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Breast Cancer Hormonal Status. Front Oncol 2016; 6:100. [PMID: 27200289 PMCID: PMC4846659 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) α is overexpressed in most breast cancers, and its level serves as a major prognostic factor. It is important to develop quantitative molecular imaging methods that specifically detect ER in vivo and assess its function throughout the entire primary breast cancer and in metastatic breast cancer lesions. This study presents the biochemical and molecular features, as well as the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) effects of two novel ER-targeted contrast agents (CAs), based on pyridine-tetra-acetate-Gd(III) chelate conjugated to 17β-estradiol (EPTA-Gd) or to tamoxifen (TPTA-Gd). The experiments were conducted in solution, in human breast cancer cells, and in severe combined immunodeficient mice implanted with transfected ER-positive and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer xenografts. Binding studies with ER in solution and in human breast cancer cells indicated affinities in the micromolar range of both CAs. Biochemical and molecular studies in breast cancer cell cultures showed that both CAs exhibit estrogen-like agonistic activity, enhancing cell proliferation, as well as upregulating cMyc oncogene and downregulating ER expression levels. The MRI longitudinal relaxivity was significantly augmented by EPTA-Gd in ER-positive cells as compared to ER-negative cells. Dynamic contrast-enhanced studies with EPTA-Gd in vivo indicated specific augmentation of the MRI water signal in the ER-positive versus ER-negative xenografts, confirming EPTA-Gd-specific interaction with ER. In contrast, TPTA-Gd did not show increased enhancement in ER-positive tumors and did not appear to interact in vivo with the tumors’ ER. However, TPTA-Gd was found to interact strongly with muscle tissue, enhancing muscle signal intensity in a mechanism independent of the presence of ER. The specificity of EPTA-Gd interaction with ER in vivo was further verified by acute and chronic competition with tamoxifen. The chronic tamoxifen treatment also revealed that this drug increases the microvascular permeability of breast cancer xenograft in an ER-independent manner. In conclusion, EPTA-Gd has been shown to serve as an efficient molecular imaging probe for specific assessment of breast cancer ER in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Pais
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
| | - Hadassa Degani
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
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7
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Malone CD, Olson ES, Mattrey RF, Jiang T, Tsien RY, Nguyen QT. Tumor Detection at 3 Tesla with an Activatable Cell Penetrating Peptide Dendrimer (ACPPD-Gd), a T1 Magnetic Resonance (MR) Molecular Imaging Agent. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137104. [PMID: 26336058 PMCID: PMC4559389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The ability to detect small malignant lesions with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is limited by inadequate accumulations of Gd with standard chelate agents. To date, no T1-targeted agents have proven superiority to Gd chelates in their ability to detect small tumors at clinically relevant field strengths. Activatable cell-penetrating peptides and their Gd-loaded dendrimeric form (ACPPD-Gd) have been shown to selectively accumulate in tumors. In this study we compared the performance of ACPPD-Gd vs. untargeted Gd chelates to detect small tumors in rodent models using a clinical 3T-MR system. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the Institutional-Animal Care-and-Use Committee. 2 of 4 inguinal breast fat pads of 16 albino-C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with tumor Py8119 cells and the other 2 with saline at random. MRI at 3T was performed at 4, 9, and 14 days after inoculation on 8 mice 24-hours after injection of 0.036mmol Gd/kg (ACPPD-Gd), and before and 2-3 minutes after 0.1 mmol/kg gadobutrol on the other 8 mice. T1-weighted (T1w) tumor signal normalized to muscle, was compared among the non-contrast, gadobutrol, and ACPPD-Gd groups using ANOVA. Experienced and trainee readers blinded to experimental conditions assessed for the presence of tumor in each of the 4 breast regions. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and area-under-curve (AUC) values were constructed and analyzed. RESULTS Tumors ≥1mm3 were iso-intense to muscle without contrast on T1w sequences. They enhanced diffusely and homogeneously by 57±20% (p<0.001) 24 hours after ACPPD-Gd and by 25±13% (p<0.001) immediately after gadobutrol. The nearly 2-fold difference was similar for small tumors (1-5mm3) (45±19% vs. 19±18%, p = 0.03). ACPPD-Gd tended to improve tumor detection by an experienced reader (AUC 0.98 vs 0.91) and significantly more for a trainee (0.93 vs. 0.82, p = 0.02) compared to gadobutrol. This improvement was more pronounced when obvious tumors (>5mm3) were removed from the ROC analysis for both the experienced observer (0.96 vs. 0.86) and more so for the trainee (0.86 vs. 0.69, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION ACPPD-Gd enhances MMP-expressing tumors of any size at 3T 24 hours after administration, improving their detection by blinded observers when compared to non-contrast and contrast groups given commercial Gd-chelates and imaged during the equilibrium phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Malone
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Emilia S. Olson
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert F. Mattrey
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Tao Jiang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Roger Y. Tsien
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology. University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Quyen T. Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
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8
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Banerjee SR, Ngen EJ, Rotz MW, Kakkad S, Lisok A, Pracitto R, Pullambhatla M, Chen Z, Shah T, Artemov D, Meade TJ, Bhujwalla ZM, Pomper MG. Synthesis and Evaluation of GdIII-Based Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Banerjee SR, Ngen EJ, Rotz MW, Kakkad S, Lisok A, Pracitto R, Pullambhatla M, Chen Z, Shah T, Artemov D, Meade TJ, Bhujwalla ZM, Pomper MG. Synthesis and Evaluation of Gd(III) -Based Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [PMID: 26212031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is advantageous because it concurrently provides anatomic, functional, and molecular information. MR molecular imaging can combine the high spatial resolution of this established clinical modality with molecular profiling in vivo. However, as a result of the intrinsically low sensitivity of MR imaging, high local concentrations of biological targets are required to generate discernable MR contrast. We hypothesize that the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), an attractive target for imaging and therapy of prostate cancer, could serve as a suitable biomarker for MR-based molecular imaging. We have synthesized three new high-affinity, low-molecular-weight Gd(III) -based PSMA-targeted contrast agents containing one to three Gd(III) chelates per molecule. We evaluated the relaxometric properties of these agents in solution, in prostate cancer cells, and in an in vivo experimental model to demonstrate the feasibility of PSMA-based MR molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA).
| | - Ethel J Ngen
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Matthew W Rotz
- Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Samata Kakkad
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Ala Lisok
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Richard Pracitto
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Mrudula Pullambhatla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Zhengping Chen
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Tariq Shah
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Thomas J Meade
- Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 (USA)
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10
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van Kruchten M, de Vries EGE, Brown M, de Vries EFJ, Glaudemans AWJM, Dierckx RAJO, Schröder CP, Hospers GAP. PET imaging of oestrogen receptors in patients with breast cancer. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14:e465-e475. [PMID: 24079874 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(13)70292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oestrogen receptors are overexpressed in around 70% of all breast cancers, and are a target for endocrine therapy. These receptors can be visualised on PET with use of 16α-[(18)F]-fluoro-17β-oestradiol ((18)F-FES) as a tracer. Compared with biopsy, which enables assessment of individual sites, whole-body (18)F-FES-PET enables quantification of oestrogen-receptor expression in all metastases. In several studies, measurement of tumour protein expression in oestrogen receptors by (18)F-FES-PET, concurrent with biopsy, detected oestrogen-receptor-positive tumour lesions with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 98%. Roughly 45% of patients with metastatic breast cancer have discordant oestrogen-receptor expression across lesions (ie, (18)F-FES-positive and (18)F-FES-negative metastases). Low tumour (18)F-FES uptake in metastases can predict failure of hormonal therapy in patients with oestrogen-receptor-positive primary tumours. Finally, (18)F-FES-PET has shown that oestrogen-receptor binding capacity changes after intervention with hormonal drugs, but findings need to be confirmed. Factors other than oestrogen-receptor expression, including menopausal status and concomitant therapies, that can affect tumour (18)F-FES uptake must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel van Kruchten
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andor W J M Glaudemans
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Carolien P Schröder
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Geke A P Hospers
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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11
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Penet MF, Artemov D, Farahani K, Bhujwalla ZM. MR - eyes for cancer: looking within an impenetrable disease. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:745-55. [PMID: 23784955 PMCID: PMC3690531 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Probe development is a critical component in cancer imaging, and novel probes are making major inroads in several aspects of cancer detection and image-guided treatments. Intrinsic MR probes such as signals from metabolites and their chemical shifts have been used for more than a decade to understand cancer physiology and metabolism. Through the integration of technology, molecular biology, and chemistry, the last few years have witnessed an explosion of extrinsic probes for molecular and functional imaging of cancer that, together with techniques such as CEST and hyperpolarization, have significantly expanded the repertoire of MR techniques in basic and translational investigations of many different aspects of cancer. Furthermore, incorporation of MR probes into multifunctional nanoparticles and multimodality imaging platforms have opened new opportunities for MR in image-guided diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Here we have provided an overview of recent innovations that have occurred in the development of MRI probes for molecular and functional imaging of cancer. Although most of these novel probes are not clinically available, they offer significant promise for future translational applications. In this review, we have highlighted the areas of future development that are likely to have a profound impact on cancer detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Penet
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Keyvan Farahani
- Image Guided Interventions Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Zaver M. Bhujwalla
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Correspondence to: Zaver M. Bhujwalla, Ph.D., Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 208C Traylor Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Phone: 410-955-9698, Fax: 410-614-1948,
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12
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Pais A, Biton IE, Margalit R, Degani H. Characterization of estrogen-receptor-targeted contrast agents in solution, breast cancer cells, and tumors in vivo. Magn Reson Med 2013; 70:193-206. [PMID: 22887470 PMCID: PMC4547469 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) is a major prognostic biomarker of breast cancer, currently determined in surgical specimens by immunohistochemistry. Two new ER-targeted probes, pyridine-tetra-acetate-Gd chelate (PTA-Gd) conjugated either to 17β-estradiol (EPTA-Gd) or to tamoxifen (TPTA-Gd), were explored as contrast agents for molecular imaging of ER. In solution, both probes exhibited a micromolar ER binding affinity, fast water exchange rate (∼10(7) s(-1)), and water proton-relaxivity of 4.7-6.8 mM(-1) s(-1). In human breast cancer cells, both probes acted as estrogen agonists and enhanced the water protons T1 relaxation rate and relaxivity in ER-positive as compared to ER-negative cells, with EPTA-Gd showing a higher ER-specific relaxivity than TPTA-Gd. In studies of breast cancer tumors in vivo, EPTA-Gd induced the highest enhancement in ER-positive tumors as compared to ER-negative tumors and muscle tissue, enabling in vivo detection of ER. TPTA-Gd demonstrated the highest enhancement in muscle tissue indicating nonspecific interaction of this agent with muscle components. The extracellular contrast agents, PTA-Gd and GdDTPA, showed no difference in the perfusion capacity of ER-positive and -negative tumors confirming the specific interaction of EPTA-Gd with ER. These findings lay a basis for the molecular imaging of the ER using EPTA-Gd as a template for further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Pais
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inbal Eti Biton
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Raanan Margalit
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hadassa Degani
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Cheng W, Ping Y, Zhang Y, Chuang KH, Liu Y. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for tumor diagnosis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2013; 4:23-45. [PMID: 23502248 DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.4.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on MRI contrast agents for tumor diagnosis. Several types of low molecular weight Gd3+-based complexes and dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have been used for clinical tumor diagnosis as longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and transverse relaxation time (T2) MRI contrast agents, respectively. To further improve the sensitivity of MRI, new types of chelates for T1 MRI contrast agents and combination of low molecular weight T1 MRI contrast agents with different types of carriers have been investigated. Different types of materials for forming secure coating layers of SPIO and novel superparamagnetic particles with higher relaxivity values have been explored. Various types of ligands were applied to improve the capability to target tumor for both T1 and T2 contrast agents. Furthermore, MRI contrast agents for detection of tumor metabolism were also pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiren Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore
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Vithanarachchi SM, Allen MJ. Strategies for Target-Specific Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 1:12-25. [PMID: 23316452 DOI: 10.2174/2211555211201010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review describes recent research efforts focused on increasing the specificity of contrast agents for proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Contrast agents play an indispensable role in MRI by enhancing the inherent contrast of images; however, the non-specific nature of current clinical contrast agents limits their usefulness. This limitation can be addressed by conjugating contrast agents or contrast-agent-loaded carriers-including polymers, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and liposomes-to molecules that bind to biological sites of interest. An alternative approach to conjugation is synthetically mimicking biological structures with metal complexes that are also contrast agents. In this review, we describe the advantages and limitations of these two targeting strategies with respect to translation from in vitro to in vivo imaging while focusing on advances from the last ten years.
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