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Mamun M, Zheng YC, Wang N, Wang B, Zhang Y, Pang JR, Shen DD, Liu HM, Gao Y. Decoding CLU (Clusterin): Conquering cancer treatment resistance and immunological barriers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112355. [PMID: 38851158 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
One major obstacle in the treatment of cancer is the presence of proteins resistant to cancer therapy, which can impede the effectiveness of traditional approaches such as radiation and chemotherapy. This resistance can lead to disease progression and cause treatment failure. Extensive research is currently focused on studying these proteins to create tailored treatments that can circumvent resistance mechanisms. CLU (Clusterin), a chaperone protein, has gained notoriety for its role in promoting resistance to a wide range of cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. The protein has also been discovered to have a role in regulating the immunosuppressive environment within tumors. Its ability to influence oncogenic signaling and inhibit cell death bolster cancer cells resistant against treatments, which poses a significant challenge in the field of oncology. Researchers are actively investigating to the mechanisms by which CLU exerts its resistance-promoting effects, with the ultimate goal of developing strategies to circumvent its impact and enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapies. By exploring CLU's impact on cancer, resistance mechanisms, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic strategies, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maa Mamun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jing-Ru Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Zhi Y, Wang Q, Zi M, Zhang S, Ge J, Liu K, Lu L, Fan C, Yan Q, Shi L, Chen P, Fan S, Liao Q, Guo C, Wang F, Gong Z, Xiong W, Zeng Z. Spatial Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Landscapes of Oral Submucous Fibrosis-Derived Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306515. [PMID: 38229179 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In South and Southeast Asia, the habit of chewing betel nuts is prevalent, which leads to oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). OSF is a well-established precancerous lesion, and a portion of OSF cases eventually progress to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the malignant transformation of OSCC from OSF are poorly understood. In this study, the leading-edge techniques of Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) and Spatial Metabolomics (SM) are integrated to obtain spatial location information of cancer cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells, as well as the transcriptomic and metabolomic landscapes in OSF-derived OSCC tissues. This work reveals for the first time that some OSF-derived OSCC cells undergo partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) within the in situ carcinoma (ISC) region, eventually acquiring fibroblast-like phenotypes and participating in collagen deposition. Complex interactions among epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment are demonstrated. Most importantly, significant metabolic reprogramming in OSF-derived OSCC, including abnormal polyamine metabolism, potentially playing a pivotal role in promoting tumorigenesis and immune evasion is discovered. The ST and SM data in this study shed new light on deciphering the mechanisms of OSF-derived OSCC. The work also offers invaluable clues for the prevention and treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Qian Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Moxin Zi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Junshang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Keyue Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Linsong Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Pan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
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Hlavca S, Chan WH, Engel RM, Abud HE. Clusterin: a marker and mediator of chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:379-391. [PMID: 38319453 PMCID: PMC11015998 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Intra-tumoural heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity in colorectal cancer (CRC) have been key challenges to effective treatment for patients. It has been suggested that a subpopulation of LGR5-expressing cancer stem cells (CSCs) is responsible for driving tumour relapse and therapy resistance in CRC. However, studies have revealed that the LGR5+ve CSC population is highly sensitive to chemotherapy. It has been hypothesised that another subset of tumour cells can phenotypically revert to a stem-like state in response to chemotherapy treatment which replenishes the LGR5+ve CSC population and maintains tumour growth. Recently, a unique stem cell population marked by enriched clusterin (CLU) expression and termed the revival stem cell (RevSC) was identified in the regenerating murine intestine. This CLU-expressing cell population is quiescent during homeostasis but has the ability to survive and regenerate other stem cells upon injury. More recently, the CLU+ve signature has been implicated in several adverse outcomes in CRC, including chemotherapy resistance and poor patient survival; however, the mechanism behind this remains undetermined. In this review, we discuss recent insights on CLU in CRC and its roles in enhancing the plasticity of cells and further consider the implications of CLU as a prospective target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hlavca
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wing Hei Chan
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Rebekah M Engel
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Cabrini Monash University, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
| | - Helen E Abud
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Department of Surgery, Cabrini Monash University, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia.
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Ferrari MG, Jimenez-Uribe AP, Wang L, Hoeppner LH, Murugan P, Hahm E, Yu J, Kuzel TM, Gradilone SA, Mansini AP. Myeloid differentiation factor-2/LY96, a potential predictive biomarker of metastasis and poor outcomes in prostate cancer: clinical implications as a potential therapeutic target. Oncogene 2024; 43:484-494. [PMID: 38135694 PMCID: PMC10857939 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most diagnosed cancer in males and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Patients with localized tumors are generally curable. However, no curative treatment exists for patients with advanced and metastatic disease. Therefore, identifying critical proteins involved in the metastatic process would help to develop new therapeutic options for patients with advanced and aggressive CaP. We provide strong evidence that Myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD2) plays a critical role in metastasis and CaP progression. Analysis of tumor genomic data showed that amplifications of MD2 and increased expression are associated with poor outcomes in patients. Immunohistochemistry analysis of tumor tissues showed a correlation between the expression of MD2 and cancer progression. The Decipher-genomic test validated the potential of MD2 in predicting metastasis. In vitro studies demonstrated that MD2 confers invasiveness by activating MAPK and NF-kB signaling pathways and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, we show that metastatic cells release MD2 (sMD2). We measured serum-sMD2 in patients and found that the level is correlated to disease extent. We determined the significance of MD2 in metastasis in vivo and as a therapeutic target, showing that the molecular and pharmacological targeting of MD2 significantly inhibited metastasis in murine models. We conclude that MD2 predicts metastatic behavior, and serum-MD2 could be studied as a potential non-invasive biomarker for metastasis, whereas MD2 presence on prostate biopsy predicts adverse disease outcome. We suggest MD2-targeted therapies could be developed as potential treatments for aggressive metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Ferrari
- Department of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Li Wang
- The Hormel Institute, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Luke H Hoeppner
- The Hormel Institute, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Paari Murugan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eunsil Hahm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jindan Yu
- Department of Urology and Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Timothy M Kuzel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Adrian P Mansini
- Department of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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5
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Saitoh M. Transcriptional regulation of EMT transcription factors in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:21-29. [PMID: 37802266 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the processes by which epithelial cells transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cells in the developmental stage, known as "complete EMT." In epithelial cancer, EMT, also termed "partial EMT," is associated with invasion, metastasis, and resistance to therapy, and is elicited by several transcription factors, frequently referred to as EMT transcription factors. Among these transcription factors that regulate EMT, ZEB1/2 (ZEB1 and ZEB2), SNAIL, and TWIST play a prominent role in driving the EMT process (hereafter referred to as "EMT-TFs"). Among these, ZEB1/2 show positive correlation with both expression of mesenchymal marker proteins and the aggressiveness of various carcinomas. On the other hand, TWIST and SNAIL are also correlated with the aggressiveness of carcinomas, but are not highly correlated with mesenchymal marker protein expression. Interestingly, these EMT-TFs are not detected simultaneously in any studied cases of aggressive cancers, except for sarcoma. Thus, only one or some of the EMT-TFs are expressed at high levels in cells of aggressive carcinomas. Expression of EMT-TFs is regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a well-established inducer of EMT, in cooperation with other signaling molecules, such as active RAS signals. The focus of this review is the molecular mechanisms by which EMT-TFs are transcriptionally sustained at sufficiently high levels in cells of aggressive carcinomas and upregulated by TGF-β during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Saitoh
- Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-city, Yamanashi, Japan.
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Zhang Y, Lv X, Chen L, Liu Y. The role and function of CLU in cancer biology and therapy. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1375-1391. [PMID: 36098834 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a highly evolutionary conserved glycoprotein with multiple isoform-specific functions and is widely distributed in different species. Accumulated evidence has shown the prominent role of CLU in regulating several essential physiological processes, including programmed cell death, metastasis, invasion, proliferation and cell growth via regulating diverse signaling pathways to mediate cancer progression in various cancers, such as prostate, breast, lung, liver, colon, bladder and pancreatic cancer. Several studies have revealed the potential benefit of inhibiting CLU in CLU inhibition-based targeted cancer therapies in vitro, in vivo or in human, suggesting CLU is a promising therapeutic target. This review discusses the multiple functions and mechanisms of CLU in regulating tumor progression of various cancers and summarizes the inhibitors of CLU used in CLU inhibition-based targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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Gross C, Guérin LP, Socol BG, Germain L, Guérin SL. The Ins and Outs of Clusterin: Its Role in Cancer, Eye Diseases and Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13182. [PMID: 37685987 PMCID: PMC10488069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a glycoprotein originally discovered in 1983 in ram testis fluid. Rapidly observed in other tissues, it was initially given various names based on its function in different tissues. In 1992, it was finally named CLU by consensus. Nearly omnipresent in human tissues, CLU is strongly expressed at fluid-tissue interfaces, including in the eye and in particular the cornea. Recent research has identified different forms of CLU, with the most prominent being a 75-80 kDa heterodimeric protein that is secreted. Another truncated version of CLU (55 kDa) is localized to the nucleus and exerts pro-apoptotic activities. CLU has been reported to be involved in various physiological processes such as sperm maturation, lipid transportation, complement inhibition and chaperone activity. CLU was also reported to exert important functions in tissue remodeling, cell-cell adhesion, cell-substratum interaction, cytoprotection, apoptotic cell death, cell proliferation and migration. Hence, this protein is sparking interest in tissue wound healing. Moreover, CLU gene expression is finely regulated by cytokines, growth factors and stress-inducing agents, leading to abnormally elevated levels of CLU in many states of cellular disturbance, including cancer and neurodegenerative conditions. In the eye, CLU expression has been reported as being severely increased in several pathologies, such as age-related macular degeneration and Fuch's corneal dystrophy, while it is depleted in others, such as pathologic keratinization. Nevertheless, the precise role of CLU in the development of ocular pathologies has yet to be deciphered. The question of whether CLU expression is influenced by these disorders or contributes to them remains open. In this article, we review the actual knowledge about CLU at both the protein and gene expression level in wound healing, and explore the possibility that CLU is a key factor in cancer and eye diseases. Understanding the expression and regulation of CLU could lead to the development of novel therapeutics for promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Gross
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Bianca G. Socol
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (C.G.); (B.G.S.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Takahashi S, Takada I, Hashimoto K, Yokoyama A, Nakagawa T, Makishima M, Kume H. ESS2 controls prostate cancer progression through recruitment of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12355. [PMID: 37524814 PMCID: PMC10390525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular targeted therapy using poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors has improved survival in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, this approach is only effective in patients with specific genetic mutations, and additional drug discovery targeting epigenetic modulators is required. Here, we evaluated the involvement of the transcriptional coregulator ESS2 in prostate cancer. ESS2-knockdown PC3 cells dramatically inhibited proliferation in tumor xenografts in nude mice. Microarray analysis revealed that ESS2 regulated mRNA levels of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1 (CHD1)-related genes and other cancer-related genes, such as PPAR-γ, WNT5A, and TGF-β, in prostate cancer. ESS2 knockdown reduced nuclear factor (NF)-κB/CHD1 recruitment and histone H3K36me3 levels on the promoters of target genes (TNF and CCL2). In addition, we found that the transcriptional activities of NF-κB, NFAT and SMAD2/3 were enhanced by ESS2. Tamoxifen-inducible Ess2-knockout mice showed delayed prostate development with hypoplasia and disruption of luminal cells in the ventral prostate. Overall, these findings identified ESS2 acts as a transcriptional coregulator in prostate cancer and ESS2 can be novel epigenetic therapeutic target for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Takahashi
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Takada
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Wang J, Ben-David R, Mehrazin R, Yang W, Tewari AK, Kyprianou N. Novel signatures of prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1195-1206. [PMID: 38108262 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2293757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The extensive heterogeneity of prostate cancer (PCa) and multilayered complexity of progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have contributed to the challenges of accurately monitoring advanced disease. Profiling of the tumor microenvironment with large-scale transcriptomic studies have identified gene signatures that predict biochemical recurrence, lymph node invasion, metastases, and development of therapeutic resistance through critical determinants driving CRPC. AREAS COVERED This review encompasses understanding of the role of different molecular determinants of PCa progression to lethal disease including the phenotypic dynamic of cell plasticity, EMT-MET interconversion, and signaling-pathways driving PCa cells to advance and metastasize. The value of liquid biopsies encompassing circulating tumor cells and extracellular vesicles to detect disease progression and emergence of therapeutic resistance in patients progressing to lethal disease is discussed. Relevant literature was added from PubMed portal. EXPERT OPINION Despite progress in the tumor-targeted therapeutics and biomarker discovery, distant metastasis and therapeutic resistance remain the major cause of mortality in patients with advanced CRPC. No single signature can encompass the tremendous phenotypic and genomic heterogeneity of PCa, but rather multi-threaded omics-derived and phenotypic markers tailored and validated into a multimodal signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Wang
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Reuben Ben-David
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Reza Mehrazin
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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10
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van Tienderen GS, Rosmark O, Lieshout R, Willemse J, de Weijer F, Elowsson Rendin L, Westergren-Thorsson G, Doukas M, Groot Koerkamp B, van Royen ME, van der Laan LJ, Verstegen MM. Extracellular matrix drives tumor organoids toward desmoplastic matrix deposition and mesenchymal transition. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:115-131. [PMID: 36427688 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived tumor organoids have been established as promising tools for in vitro modelling of multiple tumors, including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, organoids are commonly cultured in basement membrane extract (BME) which does not recapitulate the intricacies of the extracellular matrix (ECM). We combined CCA organoids (CCAOs) with native tumor and liver scaffolds, obtained by decellularization, to effectuate a model to study the interaction between epithelial tumor cells and their surrounding ECM. Decellularization resulted in removal of cells while preserving ECM structure and retaining important characteristics of the tissue origin, including stiffness and presence of desmoplasia. The transcriptome of CCAOs in a tumor scaffold much more resembled that of patient-paired CCA tissue in vivo compared to CCAOs cultured in BME or liver scaffolds. This was accompanied by an increase in chemoresistance to clinically-relevant chemotherapeutics. CCAOs in decellularized scaffolds revealed environment-dependent proliferation dynamics, driven by the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, CCAOs initiated an environment-specific desmoplastic reaction by increasing production of multiple collagen types. In conclusion, convergence of organoid-based models with native ECM scaffolds will lead to better understanding of the in vivo tumor environment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The extracellular matrix (ECM) influences various facets of tumor behavior. Understanding the exact role of the ECM in controlling tumor cell fate is pertinent to understand tumor progression and develop novel therapeutics. This is particularly the case for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), whereby the ECM displays a distinct tumor environment, characterized by desmoplasia. However, current models to study the interaction between epithelial tumor cells and the environment are lacking. We have developed a fully patient-derived model encompassing CCA organoids (CCAOs) and human decellularized tumor and tumor-free liver ECM. The tumor ECM induced recapitulation of various aspects of CCA, including migration dynamics, transcriptome and proteome profiles, and chemoresistance. Lastly, we uncover that epithelial tumor cells contribute to matrix deposition, and that this phenomenon is dependent on the level of desmoplasia already present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles S van Tienderen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oskar Rosmark
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ruby Lieshout
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorke Willemse
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Floor de Weijer
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Elowsson Rendin
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Michail Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin E van Royen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luc Jw van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique Ma Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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11
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Chen T, Song S, Jiang H, Lian H, Hu S. Single Cell Sequencing Reveals Mechanisms of Persistent Truncus Arteriosus Formation after PDGFRα and PDGFRβ Double Knockout in Cardiac Neural Crest Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101708. [PMID: 36292593 PMCID: PMC9601305 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent truncus arteriosus (PTA) is an uncommon and complex congenital cardiac malformation accounting for about 1.2% of all congenital heart diseases (CHDs), which is caused by a deficiency in the embryonic heart outflow tract’s (OFT) septation and remodeling. PDGFRα and PDGFRβ double knockout (DKO) in cardiac neural crest cells (CNCCs) has been reported to cause PTA, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we constructed a PTA mouse model with PDGFRα and PDGFRβ double knockout in Pax3+ CNCCs and described the condensation failure into OFT septum of CNCC-derived cells due to disturbance of cell polarity in the DKO group. In addition, we further explored the mechanism with single-cell RNA sequencing. We found that two main cell differentiation trajectories into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from cardiomyocytes (CMs) and mesenchymal cells (MSs), respectively, were interrupted in the DKO group. The process of CM differentiation into VSMC stagnated in a transitional CM I-like state, which contributed to the failure of OFT remodeling and muscular septum formation. On the other hand, a Penk+ transitional MS II cluster closely related to cell condensation into the OFT septum disappeared, which led to the OFT’s septation absence directly. In conclusion, the disturbance of CNCC-derived cells caused by PDGFRα and PDGFRβ knockout can lead to the OFT septation disorder and the occurrence of PTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Shen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Haobin Jiang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hong Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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Dubchak E, Obasanmi G, Zeglinski MR, Granville DJ, Yeung SN, Matsubara JA. Potential role of extracellular granzyme B in wet age-related macular degeneration and fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:980742. [PMID: 36204224 PMCID: PMC9531149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.980742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related ocular diseases are the leading cause of blindness in developed countries and constitute a sizable socioeconomic burden worldwide. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) are some of the most common age-related diseases of the retina and cornea, respectively. AMD is characterized by a breakdown of the retinal pigment epithelial monolayer, which maintains retinal homeostasis, leading to retinal degeneration, while FECD is characterized by degeneration of the corneal endothelial monolayer, which maintains corneal hydration status, leading to corneal edema. Both AMD and FECD pathogenesis are characterized by disorganized local extracellular matrix (ECM) and toxic protein deposits, with both processes linked to aberrant protease activity. Granzyme B (GrB) is a serine protease traditionally known for immune-mediated initiation of apoptosis; however, it is now recognized that GrB is expressed by a variety of immune and non-immune cells and aberrant extracellular localization of GrB substantially contributes to various age-related pathologies through dysregulated cleavage of ECM, tight junction, and adherens junction proteins. Despite growing recognition of GrB involvement in multiple age-related pathologies, its role in AMD and FECD remains poorly understood. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of, and similarities between AMD and FECD, outlines the current knowledge of the role of GrB in AMD and FECD, as well as hypothesizes putative contributions of GrB to AMD and FECD pathogenesis and highlights the therapeutic potential of pharmacologically inhibiting GrB as an adjunctive treatment for AMD and FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Dubchak
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gideon Obasanmi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew R. Zeglinski
- ICORD Centre and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David J. Granville
- ICORD Centre and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sonia N. Yeung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne A. Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Joanne A. Matsubara,
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Jurj A, Ionescu C, Berindan-Neagoe I, Braicu C. The extracellular matrix alteration, implication in modulation of drug resistance mechanism: friends or foes? J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:276. [PMID: 36114508 PMCID: PMC9479349 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), having several important roles related to the hallmarks of cancer. In cancer, multiple components of the ECM have been shown to be altered. Although most of these alterations are represented by the increased or decreased quantity of the ECM components, changes regarding the functional alteration of a particular ECM component or of the ECM as a whole have been described. These alterations can be induced by the cancer cells directly or by the TME cells, with cancer-associated fibroblasts being of particular interest in this regard. Because the ECM has this wide array of functions in the tumor, preclinical and clinical studies have assessed the possibility of targeting the ECM, with some of them showing encouraging results. In the present review, we will highlight the most relevant ECM components presenting a comprehensive description of their physical, cellular and molecular properties which can alter the therapy response of the tumor cells. Lastly, some evidences regarding important biological processes were discussed, offering a more detailed understanding of how to modulate altered signalling pathways and to counteract drug resistance mechanisms in tumor cells.
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14
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The Influence of Clusterin Glycosylation Variability on Selected Pathophysiological Processes in the Human Body. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7657876. [PMID: 36071866 PMCID: PMC9441386 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7657876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present review gathers together the most important information about variability in clusterin molecular structure, its profile, and the degree of glycosylation occurring in human tissues and body fluids in the context of the utility of these characteristics as potential diagnostic biomarkers of selected pathophysiological conditions. The carbohydrate part of clusterin plays a crucial role in many biological processes such as endocytosis and apoptosis. Many pathologies associated with neurodegeneration, carcinogenesis, metabolic diseases, and civilizational diseases (e.g., cardiovascular incidents and male infertility) have been described as causes of homeostasis disturbance, in which the glycan part of clusterin plays a very important role. The results of the discussed studies suggest that glycoproteomic analysis of clusterin may help differentiate the severity of hippocampal atrophy, detect the causes of infertility with an immune background, and monitor the development of cancer. Understanding the mechanism of clusterin (CLU) action and its binding epitopes may enable to indicate new therapeutic goals. The carbohydrate part of clusterin is considered necessary to maintain its proper molecular conformation, structural stability, and proper systemic and/or local biological activity. Taking into account the wide spectrum of CLU action and its participation in many processes in the human body, further studies on clusterin glycosylation variability are needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms of many pathophysiological conditions. They can also provide the opportunity to find new biomarkers and enrich the panel of diagnostic parameters for diseases that still pose a challenge for modern medicine.
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15
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Schrader JM, Stanisavljevic A, Xu F, Van Nostrand WE. Distinct Brain Proteomic Signatures in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Rat Models of Hypertension and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 81:731-745. [PMID: 35856898 PMCID: PMC9803909 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs) are prominent contributors to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia and can arise from a range of etiologies. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertension (HTN), both prevalent in the elderly population, lead to cerebral microhemorrhages, macrohemorrhages, and white matter damage. However, their respective underlying mechanisms and molecular events are poorly understood. Here, we show that the transgenic rat model of CAA type 1 (rTg-DI) exhibits perivascular inflammation that is lacking in the spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone (SHR-SP) rat model of HTN. Alternatively, SHR-SP rats display notable dilation of arteriolar perivascular spaces. Comparative proteomics analysis revealed few shared altered proteins, with key proteins such as ANXA3, H2A, and HTRA1 unique to rTg-DI rats, and Nt5e, Flot-1 and Flot-2 unique to SHR-SP rats. Immunolabeling confirmed that upregulation of ANXA3, HTRA1, and neutrophil extracellular trap proteins were distinctly associated with rTg-DI rats. Pathway analysis predicted activation of TGF-β1 and TNFα in rTg-DI rat brain, while insulin signaling was reduced in the SHR-SP rat brain. Thus, we report divergent protein signatures associated with distinct cerebral vessel pathologies in the SHR-SP and rTg-DI rat models and provide new mechanistic insight into these different forms of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Schrader
- From the George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Aleksandra Stanisavljevic
- From the George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- From the George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - William E Van Nostrand
- Send correspondence to: William E. Van Nostrand, PhD, George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; E-mail:
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16
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Parthenolide reverses the epithelial to mesenchymal transition process in breast cancer by targeting TGFbeta1: In vitro and in silico studies. Life Sci 2022; 301:120610. [PMID: 35525305 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Breast cancer metastasis is the leading cause of mortality among breast cancer patients. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that plays a fundamental role in facilitating breast cancer metastasis. The present study assessed the efficacy of parthenolide (PTL Tanacetum parthenium) on EMT and its underlying mechanisms in both lowly metastatic, estrogen-receptor positive, MCF-7 cells and highly metastatic, triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. MAIN METHODS MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with PTL (2 μM and 5 μM). Cell viability was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethy lthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by the FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) annexin V apoptosis detection kit. The monolayer wound scratch assay was employed to evaluate cancer cell migration. Proteins were separated and identified by Western blotting. Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. KEY FINDINGS PTL treatment significantly reduced cell viability and migration while inducing apoptosis in both cell lines. Also, PTL treatment reverses the EMT process by decreasing the mesenchymal marker vimentin and increasing the epithelial marker E-cadherin compared to the control treatment. Importantly, PTL downregulates TWIST1 (a transcription factor and regulator of EMT) gene expression, concomitant with the reduction of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) protein and gene expression in both cell lines. Additionally, molecular docking studies suggest that PTL may induce anticancer properties by targeting TGFβ1 in both breast cancer cell lines. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings provide insights into the therapeutic potential of PTL to mitigate EMT and breast cancer metastasis. These promising results demand in vivo studies.
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17
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Geng L, Wang Z, Tian Y. Down-regulation of ZNF252P-AS1 alleviates ovarian cancer progression by binding miR-324-3p to downregulate LY6K. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:1. [PMID: 34980214 PMCID: PMC8725409 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00933-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant disease in women. Our work aimed to study the specific functions of ZNF252P antisense RNA 1 (ZNF252P-AS1) in ovarian cancer. Methods ZNF252P-AS1, miR-324-3p, and lymphocyte antigen 6 family member K (LY6K) expression were analyzed by bioinformatics tools in ovarian cancer tissues and was quantified by qRT-PCR in ovarian cancer cells. The effect of ZNF252P-AS1 knockdown, miR-324-3p suppression, and LY6K over-expression on apoptosis, cell viability, invasion, migration, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was determined in vitro by using colony formation and EdU assays, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and Western blot. The interactions between ZNF252P-AS1 and miR-324-3p and between miR-324-3p and LY6K were validated by luciferase assays. The effects of restraining ZNF252P-AS1 in vivo were studied using BALB/c male nude mice. Results ZNF252P-AS1 and LY6K levels were up-regulated, while miR-324-3p was declined in ovarian cancer tissues and cells. ZNF252P-AS1 knockdown reduced ovarian cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT, whereas promoted its apoptosis. Besides, ZNF252P-AS1 interacted with miR-324-3p and reversely regulated its level, and miR-324-3p was directly bound to LY6K and negatively regulated its expression. Moreover, ZNF252P-AS1 knockdown reversed the effect of miR-324-3p on cancer cell apoptosis, growth, migration, invasion, and EMT. Similar results were discovered in the rescue experiments between miR-324-3p and LY6K. Additionally, mouse models in vivo experiments further validated that ZNF252P-AS1 knockdown distinctly inhibited tumor growth. Conclusion ZNF252P-AS1 mediated miR-324-3p/LY6K signaling to facilitate progression of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Geng
- Department of Pathology, Jinan City People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 271100, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jinan City People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 271100, P.R. China
| | - Yongju Tian
- Department of Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264001, P.R. China.
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Gross C, Le-Bel G, Desjardins P, Benhassine M, Germain L, Guérin SL. Contribution of the Transcription Factors Sp1/Sp3 and AP-1 to Clusterin Gene Expression during Corneal Wound Healing of Tissue-Engineered Human Corneas. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12426. [PMID: 34830308 PMCID: PMC8621254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reduce the need for donor corneas, understanding of corneal wound healing and development of an entirely tissue-engineered human cornea (hTECs) is of prime importance. In this study, we exploited the hTEC to determine how deep wound healing affects the transcriptional pattern of corneal epithelial cells through microarray analyses. We demonstrated that the gene encoding clusterin (CLU) has its expression dramatically repressed during closure of hTEC wounds. Western blot analyses confirmed a strong reduction in the expression of the clusterin isoforms after corneal damage and suggest that repression of CLU gene expression might be a prerequisite to hTEC wound closure. Transfection with segments from the human CLU gene promoter revealed the presence of three regulatory regions: a basal promoter and two more distal negative regulatory regions. The basal promoter bears DNA binding sites for very potent transcription factors (TFs): Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) and Specificity protein-1 and 3 (Sp1/Sp3). By exploiting electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), we demonstrated that AP-1 and Sp1/Sp3 have their DNA binding site overlapping with one another in the basal promoter of the CLU gene in hCECs. Interestingly, expression of both these TFs is reduced (at the protein level) during hTEC wound healing, thereby contributing to the extinction of CLU gene expression during that process. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms accounting for the repression of CLU gene expression during corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Gross
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pascale Desjardins
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Manel Benhassine
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Marozzi M, Parnigoni A, Negri A, Viola M, Vigetti D, Passi A, Karousou E, Rizzi F. Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, and Proteostasis in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158102. [PMID: 34360868 PMCID: PMC8346982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted and complex pathology characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Most cancers are recognized by an inflammatory environment rich in a myriad of factors produced by immune infiltrate cells that induce host cells to differentiate and to produce a matrix that is more favorable to tumor cells’ survival and metastasis. As a result, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is changed in terms of macromolecules content, degrading enzymes, and proteins. Altered ECM components, derived from remodeling processes, interact with a variety of surface receptors triggering intracellular signaling that, in turn, cancer cells exploit to their own benefit. This review aims to present the role of different aspects of ECM components in the tumor microenvironment. Particularly, we highlight the effect of pro- and inflammatory factors on ECM degrading enzymes, such as metalloproteases, and in a more detailed manner on hyaluronan metabolism and the signaling pathways triggered by the binding of hyaluronan with its receptors. In addition, we sought to explore the role of extracellular chaperones, especially of clusterin which is one of the most prominent in the extracellular space, in proteostasis and signaling transduction in the tumor microenvironment. Although the described tumor microenvironment components have different biological roles, they may engage common signaling pathways that favor tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Marozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Aide Negri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.N.); (F.R.)
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20
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Tan J, Guo W, Yang S, Han D, Li H. The multiple roles and therapeutic potential of clusterin in non-small-cell lung cancer: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2683-2697. [PMID: 34295670 PMCID: PMC8264340 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, lung cancer is the most common form of cancer, with an estimated 2.09 million new cases and 1.76 million of death cause in 2018. It is categorized into two subtypes, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although platinum-based chemotherapy or molecular targeted drugs is recommended for advanced stages of NSCLC patients, however, resistance to drug and chemotherapy are hindrances for patients to fully beneficial from these treatments. Clusterin (CLU), also known as apolipoprotein J, is a versatile chaperone molecule which produced by a wide array of tissues and found in most biologic fluids. There are studies reported high expression of CLU confers resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in different lung cancer cell lines. By silencing CLU using Custirsen (OGX-011), a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that inhibits CLU production, not only could sensitized cells to chemo- and radiotherapy, also could decreased their metastatic potential. We will review here the extensive literature linking CLU to NSCLC, update the current state of research on CLU for better understanding of this unique protein and the development of more effective anti- CLU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juofang Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingpei Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Mu L, Yang F, Guo D, Li P, Zhang M. Overexpression of secretory clusterin (sCLU) induces chemotherapy resistance in human gastric cancer cells by targeting miR-195-5p. Bioengineered 2021; 11:472-483. [PMID: 32250192 PMCID: PMC7161562 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1747825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent focus has turned to secretory clusterin (sCLU) as a key contributor to chemoresistance of anticancer agents, but the role of sCLU on chemotherapy drug response to gastric cancer cells is not fully understood. Previous research found that sCLU was overexpressed in the induced multidrug-resistant MGC-803/5-FU cell line, suggesting that sCLU upregulation was closely related to chemoresistance to anticancer agents. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the role and mechanisms of sCLU in regulating the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells. Cell apoptosis and cell viability were evaluated by annexin V/propidium iodide staining and CCK8. Expression of sCLU and miR-195-5P was detected using quantitative RT-PCR assays. The expression of sCLU in gastric cancer tissues was detected by RT-PCR assays. Upregulating or downregulating sCLU or miR-195-5P in gastric cancer cells was used to evaluate the mechanisms of chemoresistance. We found that sCLU was significantly elevated in the MGC-803/5-FU and SGC-7901 cells, and the downregulating sCLU sensitized MGC-803/5-FU and SGC-7901 cells to cisplatin and Docetaxel by upregulation of miR-195-5P. Upregulating sCLU in MGC-803 and HGC-27 cells was resistant to cisplatin and Docetaxel by downregulating miR-195-5p. Targeting miR-195-5P reduced the sensitivity of MGC-803 cells to 5-FU, and miR-195-5P overexpression enhanced the sensitivity of MGC-803/5-FU cells to 5-FU. The overexpression of sCLU in gastric cancer tissues was associated with chemoresistance. Our findings suggest that overexpression of sCLU induced chemoresistance in gastric cancer cells by downregulating miR-195-5p, thus providing a potential target for the development of agents that targeting sCLU for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Mu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fengxia Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Maoshen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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22
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Shiota M, Fujimoto N, Matsumoto T, Tsukahara S, Nagakawa S, Ueda S, Ushijima M, Kashiwagi E, Takeuchi A, Inokuchi J, Uchiumi T, Eto M. Differential Impact of TGFB1 Variation by Metastatic Status in Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:697955. [PMID: 34113577 PMCID: PMC8186782 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.697955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays a dual role in cancer, acting as a tumor suppressor in the early stage of cancer development and as a tumor promoter in the later stage of cancer progression in various cancers. In this study, we investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms in TGFB1 and clinicopathological characteristics or oncological outcome in prostate cancer cases treated with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) according to metastasis status. Japanese male patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with ADT from 1993 to 2005 were included in this study. Genomic DNA was obtained from whole blood samples, and genotyping of TGFB1 (rs2241716 and rs4803455) was performed by PCR-based technique. No significant association between genetic polymorphisms in TGFB1 (rs2241716 and rs4803455) and clinicopathological parameters or prognosis was observed in patients with non-metastatic disease. In patients with metastatic disease, Gleason score in CT/TT carriers (rs2241716) and CA/AA carriers (rs4803455) was unfavorable compared with CC carriers. In addition, the CT/TT alleles in rs2241716 (hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-2.94; P = 0.015) and the CA/AA alleles in rs4803455 (hazard ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-2.98; P = 0.040) were associated with a higher risk of progression during ADT compared with the CC allele in patients with metastatic disease. TGFB1 genetic variations were associated with adverse characteristics and progression risk in ADT among patients with metastatic disease, but not those with non-metastatic disease, supporting a distinct role of TGF-β signaling between non-metastatic and metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | - Shigehiro Tsukahara
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Shohei Ueda
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miho Ushijima
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ario Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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23
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Wei JJ, Tang L, Chen LL, Xie ZH, Ren Y, Qi HG, Lou JY, Weng GB, Zhang SW. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced EMT by Increasing HGF Expression in HK-2 Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:908-918. [PMID: 34183949 PMCID: PMC8223559 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i5.6108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently shown promise for the treatment of various types of chronic kidney disease models. However, the mechanism of this effect is still not well understood. Our study is aimed to investigate the effect of MSCs on transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) and the underlying mechanism related to the reciprocal balance between hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and TGF-β1. Methods: Our study was performed at Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China between Mar 2017 and Jun 2018. HK-2 cells were initially treated with TGF-β1, then co-cultured with MSCs. The induced EMT was assessed by cellular morphology and the expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and EMT-related proteins. MTS assay and flow cytometry were employed to detect the effect of TGF-β1 and MSCs on HK-2 cell proliferation and apoptosis. SiRNA against hepatocyte growth factor (siHGF) was transfected to decrease the expression of HGF to identify the role of HGF in MSCs inhibiting HK-2 cells EMT. Results: Overexpressing TGF-β1 decreased HGF expression, induced EMT, suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis in HK-2 cells; but when co-cultured with MSCs all the outcomes were reversed. However, after treated with siHGF, all the benefits taken from MSCs vanished. Conclusion: TGF-β1 was a motivating factor of kidney cell EMT and it suppressed the HGF expression. However, MSCs provided protection against EMT by increasing HGF level and decreasing TGF-β1 level. Our results also demonstrated HGF is one of the critical factor in MSCs anti- fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Wei
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang-Liang Chen
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Xie
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Gang Qi
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang-Yong Lou
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Bin Weng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Wei Zhang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Zang M, Guo X, Chen M. The role of microRNA-572 in the proliferation and chemotherapeutic treatment of prostate cancer. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211014363. [PMID: 34044640 PMCID: PMC8168039 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211014363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate prostate tumorigenesis and progression by involving different molecular pathways. In this study, we examined the role of miR-572 in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS The proliferation rates of LNCaP and PC-3 PCa cells were studied using MTT assays. Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays were performed to evaluate cell migration and invasion, respectively. Protein expression levels were examined using western blotting. Docetaxel-induced apoptosis was evaluated by Caspase-Glo3/7 assays. The putative miR-572 binding site in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) was assessed with dual-luciferase reporter assays. Additionally, miR-572 expression levels in human PCa tissues were examined by qRT-PCR assays. RESULTS Upregulation of miR-572 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells. Overexpression of miR-572 decreased sensitivity of PCa cells to docetaxel treatment by reducing docetaxel-induced apoptosis. MiR-572 can regulate migration and invasion in PCa cells. Furthermore, miR-572 could regulate expression of PTEN and p-AKT in PCa cells by directly binding to the PTEN 3' UTR. MiR-572 expression levels were increased in human PCa tissues and associated with PCa stage. CONCLUSIONS miR-572 displayed essential roles in PCa tumor growth and its expression level may be used to predict docetaxel treatment in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcui Zang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xun Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Manqiu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
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25
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Liu Y, Zhou Y, Ma X, Chen L. Inhibition Lysosomal Degradation of Clusterin by Protein Kinase D3 Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Tumor Growth. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003205. [PMID: 33643800 PMCID: PMC7887572 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), with its lack of targeted therapies, shows the worst mortality rate among all breast cancer subtypes. Clusterin (CLU) is implicated to play important oncogenic roles in cancer via promoting various downstream oncogenic pathways. Here, protein kinase D3 (PRKD3) is defined to be a key regulator of CLU in promoting TNBC tumor growth. Mechanically, PRKD3 with kinase activity binding to CLU is critical for CLU protein stability via inhibiting CLU's lysosomal distribution and degradation. CLU and PRKD3 protein level are significantly elevated and positively correlated in collected TNBC tumor samples. CLU silencer (OGX-011) and PRKDs inhibitor (CRT0066101) can both result in impressive tumor growth suppression in vitro and in vivo, suggesting targeting CLU and its key regulator-PRKD3 are promisingly efficient against TNBC. Finally, secreted CLU (sCLU) is found to be elevated in serums from TNBC patients and reduced in serum from TNBC murine models post OGX-011 and/or CRT0066101 treatment, suggesting serum sCLU is a promising blood-based biomarker for clinical management of TNBC. Taken together, this study provides a thorough molecular basis as well as preclinical evidences for targeting CLU pathway as a new promising strategy against TNBC via revealing PRKD3 as the key regulator of CLU in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio‐Medical DiagnosticsSuzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215163P. R. China
- Cancer InstituteDepartment of BiochemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical BiotechnologyCollege of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023P. R. China
| | - Yehui Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Liming Chen
- Cancer InstituteDepartment of BiochemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical BiotechnologyCollege of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023P. R. China
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26
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Javed Z, Khan K, Rasheed A, Sadia H, Raza S, Salehi B, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J, Koch W, Kukula-Koch W, Głowniak-Lipa A, Helon P. MicroRNAs and Natural Compounds Mediated Regulation of TGF Signaling in Prostate Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:613464. [PMID: 33584291 PMCID: PMC7873640 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.613464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is with rising incidence in male population globally. It is a complex anomaly orchestrated by a plethora of cellular processes. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling is one of the key signaling pathways involved in the tumorigenesis of PCa. TGF-β signaling has a dual role in the PCa, making it difficult to find a suitable therapeutic option. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediated regulation of TGF-β signaling is responsible for the TGF-ß paradox. These are small molecules that modulate the expression of target genes and regulate cancer progression. Thus, miRNAs interaction with different signaling cascades is of great attention for devising new diagnostic and therapeutic options for PCa. Natural compounds have been extensively studied due to their high efficacy and low cytotoxicity. Here, we discuss the involvement of TGF-ß signaling in PCa with the interplay between miRNAs and TGF-β signaling and also review the role of natural compounds for the development of new therapeutics for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Rasheed
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Anna Głowniak-Lipa
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paweł Helon
- Branch in Sandomierz, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Sandomierz, Poland
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27
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Praharaj PP, Patra S, Panigrahi DP, Patra SK, Bhutia SK. Clusterin as modulator of carcinogenesis: A potential avenue for targeted cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188500. [PMID: 33385484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is an evolutionary conserved molecular chaperone present in different human tissues and fluids and established to be a significant cancer regulator. It controls several cancer-associated cellular events, including cancer cell proliferation, stemness, survival, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, therapy resistance, and inhibition of programmed cell death to support cancer growth and recurrence. This multifunctional role of CLU makes it an ideal target for cancer control. More importantly, genetic and antisense-mediated (OGX-011) inhibition of CLU enhances the anticancer potential of different FDA-approved chemotherapeutic drugs at the clinical level, improving patient's survival. In this review, we have discussed the detailed mechanism of CLU-mediated modulation of different cancer-associated signaling pathways. We have also provided updated information on the current preclinical and clinical findings that drive trials in various cancer types for potential targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Priyadarshi Praharaj
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Debasna Pritimanjari Panigrahi
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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28
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Chen M, Chen C, Luo H, Ren J, Dai Q, Hu W, Zhou K, Tang X, Li X. MicroRNA-296-5p inhibits cell metastasis and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by reversing transforming growth factor-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:49. [PMID: 33292168 PMCID: PMC7640465 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the effect of miR-296-5p on the metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods The expressions of miR-296-5p in NPC tissues and cells were determined using GSE32920 database analysis and real-time PCR and miRNA microarray assays. An miR-296-5p mimic and inhibitor were transfected into NPC cells. Then, immunofluorescence imaging, scratch wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion assays were used to observe the effects of miR-296-5p on cell metastasis and invasion. Real-time PCR and western blotting were carried out to detect the expressions of genes and proteins related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to identify whether TGF-β is the target gene of miR-296-5p. Finally, TGF-β expression plasmids were transfected into NPC cells to verify the role of TGF-β in the miR-296-5p-mediated inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell metastasis. Results Our results show that miR-296-5p inhibits the migratory and invasive capacities of NPC cells by targeting TGF-β, which suppresses EMT. Importantly, the miR-296-5p level was significantly lower in human NPC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. It also negatively correlated with TGF-β and was significantly associated with the lymph node metastasis of patients with NPC. Conclusions Our findings show that miR-296-5p represses the EMT-related metastasis of NPC by targeting TGF-β. This provides new insight into the role of miR-296-5p in regulating NPC metastasis and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory of Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiqing Luo
- Center of Oncology of The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuqin Dai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjia Hu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Keyuan Zhou
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiangyong Li
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Guangdong Medical University, No. 2 Wenming Dong Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
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29
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Chen Z, Fan Z, Dou X, Zhou Q, Zeng G, Liu L, Chen W, Lan R, Liu W, Ru G, Yu L, He QY, Chen L. Inactivation of tumor suppressor gene Clusterin leads to hyperactivation of TAK1-NF-κB signaling axis in lung cancer cells and denotes a therapeutic opportunity. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11520-11534. [PMID: 33052230 PMCID: PMC7545994 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Clinical success of precision medicine is severely limited by de novo or acquired drug resistance. It remains a clinically unmet need to treat these patients. Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) play a critical role in tumorigenesis and impact the therapeutic effect of various treatments. Experimental Design: Using clinical data, in vitro cell line data and in vivo mouse model data, we revealed the tumor suppressive role of Clusterin in lung cancer. We also delineated the signaling cascade elicited by loss of function of CLU in NSCLC cells and tested precision medicine for CLU deficient lung cancers. Results: CLU is a potent and clinically relevant TSG in lung cancer. Mechanistically, CLU inhibits TGFBR1 to recruit TRAF6/TAB2/TAK1 complex and thus inhibits activation of TAK1- NF-κB signaling axis. Lung cancer cells with loss of function of CLU show exquisite sensitivity to TAK1 inhibitors. Importantly, we show that a significant portion of Kras mutation positive NSCLC patients are concurrently deficient of CLU and that TAK1 kinase inhibitor synergizes with existing drugs to treat this portion of lung cancers patients. Conclusions: Combinational treatment with TAK1 inhibitor and MEK1/2 inhibitor effectively shrank Kras mutation positive and CLU deficient NSCLC tumors. Moreover, we put forward a concept that loss of function of a TSG rewires signaling network and thereby creates an Achilles' heel in tumor cells which could be exploited in precision medicine.
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Transcriptional analysis of cleft palate in TGFβ3 mutant mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14940. [PMID: 32913205 PMCID: PMC7483747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate (CP) is one of the most common craniofacial birth defects, impacting about 1 in 800 births in the USA. Tgf-β3 plays a critical role in regulating murine palate development, and Tgf-β3 null mutants develop cleft palate with 100% penetrance. In this study, we compared global palatal transcriptomes of wild type (WT) and Tgf-β3 −/− homozygous (HM) mouse embryos at the crucial palatogenesis stages of E14.5, and E16.5, using RNA-seq data. We found 1,809 and 2,127 differentially expressed genes at E16.5 vs. E14.5 in the WT and HM groups, respectively (adjusted p < 0.05; |fold change|> 2.0). We focused on the genes that were uniquely up/downregulated in WT or HM at E16.5 vs. E14.5 to identify genes associated with CP. Systems biology analysis relating to cell behaviors and function of WT and HM specific genes identified functional non-Smad pathways and preference of apoptosis to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We identified 24 HM specific and 11 WT specific genes that are CP-related and/or involved in Tgf-β3 signaling. We validated the expression of 29 of the 35 genes using qRT-PCR and the trend of mRNA expression is similar to that of RNA-seq data . Our results enrich our understanding of genes associated with CP that are directly or indirectly regulated via TGF-β.
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Yao M, Sai W, Zheng W, Wang L, Dong Z, Yao D. Secretory Clusterin as a Novel Molecular-targeted Therapy for Inhibiting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3290-3301. [PMID: 31232234 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190624161158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although secretory clusterin (sCLU) plays a crucial role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) cells proliferation, Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR), metastasis and so on, its targeted effects and exact mechanism are still unknown. This review summarizes some new progress in sCLU as a molecular-targeted therapy in the treatment of HCC. METHODS A systematic review of the published English-language literature about sCLU and HCC has been performed using the PubMed and bibliographic databases. Some valuable studies on sCLU in HCC progression were searched for relevant articles with the keywords: HCC, diagnosis, MDR, as molecular-targeted in treatment, and so on. RESULTS The incidence of the positive rate of sCLU was significantly higher in HCC tissues as compared to the surrounding tissues at mRNA or protein level, gradually increasing with tumor-nodemetastasis staging (P<0.05). Also, the abnormal level of sCLU was related to poor differentiation degree, and considered as a useful marker for HCC diagnosis or independent prognosis for patients. Hepatic sCLU could be silenced at mRNA level by specific sCLU-shRNA or by OGX-011 to inhibit cancer cell proliferation with an increase in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, reversal MDR, alteration of cell migration or invasion behaviors, and a decrease in GSK-3β or AKT phosphorylation in vitro, as well as significant suppression of the xenograft growth by down-regulating β-catenin, p-GSK3β, and cyclinD1 expression in vivo. CONCLUSION Abnormal hepatic sCLU expression should not only be a new diagnostic biomarker but also a novel promising target for inhibiting HCC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenli Sai
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhizhen Dong
- Department of Diagnostics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dengfu Yao
- Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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Li F, Hu Q, He T, Xu J, Yi Y, Xie S, Ding L, Fu M, Guo R, Xiao ZXJ, Niu M. The Deubiquitinase USP4 Stabilizes Twist1 Protein to Promote Lung Cancer Cell Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061582. [PMID: 32549341 PMCID: PMC7352958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in tumor development, drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence of lung cancer. Thus, it is of great importance to study the mechanism by which CSCs are regulated. In this study, we demonstrate that the deubiquitinase USP4 is critically important in promoting lung cancer stemness. Silencing of USP4 leads to reduction of Oct4 and Sox2 expression, decreased CD133+ cell population and inhibition of tumorsphere formation. Conversely, ectopic expression of USP4 significantly enhances lung cancer cell stemness, which is effectively rescued by simultaneous silencing of Twist1. Mechanistically, we identified USP4 as a novel deubiquitinase of Twist1. USP4 binds to, deubiquitinates and stabilizes Twist1 protein. Furthermore, we show that USP4 expression is elevated in human lung cancer specimens and is positively correlated with Twist1 expression. High expression of USP4/Twist1 is associated with poor clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients. Together, this study highlights an important role for USP4 in lung cancer stemness and suggests USP4 as a potential target for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.J.X.); (M.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-8541-0034 (Z.-X.J.X.)
| | - Mengmeng Niu
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.J.X.); (M.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-8541-0034 (Z.-X.J.X.)
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Mammoto A, Hendee K, Muyleart M, Mammoto T. Endothelial Twist1-PDGFB signaling mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of αSMA-positive cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7563. [PMID: 32371931 PMCID: PMC7200682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of distal pulmonary arterioles (PAs) associated with marked accumulation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) represents one of the major pathologic features of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We have reported that the transcription factor Twist1 mediates hypoxia-induced PH. However, the mechanism by which endothelial Twist1 stimulates SMC accumulation to distal PAs in PH remains unclear. Here, we have demonstrated that Twist1 overexpression increases the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFB) in human pulmonary arterial endothelial (HPAE) cells. Hypoxia upregulates the levels of Twist1 and PDGFB in HPAE cells. When we implant hydrogel supplemented with endothelial cells (ECs) on the mouse lung, these ECs form vascular lumen structures and hypoxia upregulates PDGFB expression and stimulates accumulation of αSMA–positive cells in the gel, while knockdown of endothelial Twist1 suppresses the effects. The levels of Twist1 and PDGFB are higher in PAE cells isolated from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients compared to those from healthy controls. IPAH patient-derived PAE cells stimulate accumulation of αSMA–positive cells in the implanted gel, while Twist1 knockdown in PAE cells inhibits the effects. Endothelial Twist1-PDGFB signaling plays a key role in αSMA–positive cell proliferation and migration in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Mammoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States. .,Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States.
| | - Kathryn Hendee
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States
| | - Megan Muyleart
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States
| | - Tadanori Mammoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States.
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Han S, Kim S, Chen Z, Shin HK, Lee SY, Moon HE, Paek SH, Park S. 3D Bioprinted Vascularized Tumour for Drug Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2993. [PMID: 32340319 PMCID: PMC7215771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An in vitro screening system for anti-cancer drugs cannot exactly reflect the efficacy of drugs in vivo, without mimicking the tumour microenvironment (TME), which comprises cancer cells interacting with blood vessels and fibroblasts. Additionally, the tumour size should be controlled to obtain reliable and quantitative drug responses. Herein, we report a bioprinting method for recapitulating the TME with a controllable spheroid size. The TME was constructed by printing a blood vessel layer consisting of fibroblasts and endothelial cells in gelatine, alginate, and fibrinogen, followed by seeding multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTSs) of glioblastoma cells (U87 MG) onto the blood vessel layer. Under MCTSs, sprouts of blood vessels were generated and surrounding MCTSs thereby increasing the spheroid size. The combined treatment involving the anti-cancer drug temozolomide (TMZ) and the angiogenic inhibitor sunitinib was more effective than TMZ alone for MCTSs surrounded by blood vessels, which indicates the feasibility of the TME for in vitro testing of drug efficacy. These results suggest that the bioprinted vascularized tumour is highly useful for understanding tumour biology, as well as for in vitro drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokgyu Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Sein Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Zhenzhong Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Hyo Eun Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.E.M.); (S.H.P.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Hypoxia Ischemia Disease Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Paek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.E.M.); (S.H.P.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Hypoxia Ischemia Disease Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.H.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics (iQB), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Ghalali A, Ye ZW, Högberg J, Stenius U. PTEN and PHLPP crosstalk in cancer cells and in TGFβ-activated stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110112. [PMID: 32294598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt kinase regulates several cellular processes, among them growth, proliferation and survival, and has been correlated to neoplastic disease. We report here crosstalk between several Akt regulatory phosphatases that controls the level of the activated form (phosphorylated) of Akt and affects tumor cell aggressiveness. In prostate cancer cell lines, we observed that transient transfection of PTEN decreased the endogenous level of PHLPPs and in contrast, the transient transfection of PHLPPs decreased the endogenous level of PTEN. Furthermore, silencing of PTEN by siRNA resulted in increased PHLPP levels. This phenomenon was not seen in non-transformed cells or in prostate stem cells. This crosstalk promoted cancer cell invasion and was controlled by epigenetically regulated processes where activation of miRs (miR-190 and miR214), the polycomb group of proteins and DNA methylation were involved. The purinergic P2X4 receptor, which has been shown to have a role in wound healing, was identified to be the mediator of this crosstalk. We also studied prostate stem cells and found this crosstalk in the TGFβ1-activated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The crosstalk seemed to be a natural part of EMT. In summary, we identify a crosstalk between Akt phosphatases which is not present in non-transformed prostate cells but occurs in cancer cells and stem cells transformed by TGFβ-1. This crosstalk is important for cellular invasion. BACKGROUND Phosphatases regulate the Akt oncogene. RESULTS Crosstalk between Akt phosphatases in prostate cancer cells and in TGF-β1 activated stem cells but not in non-transformed cells. CONCLUSION This back-up mechanism facilitates invasive migration of prostate stem and cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE Characterization of Akt regulation may lead to a better understanding of tumor development and to novel strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Ghalali
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, United States
| | - Johan Högberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulla Stenius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Cochetti G, Rossi de Vermandois JA, Maulà V, Giulietti M, Cecati M, Del Zingaro M, Cagnani R, Suvieri C, Paladini A, Mearini E. Role of miRNAs in prostate cancer: Do we really know everything? Urol Oncol 2020; 38:623-635. [PMID: 32284256 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many different genetic alterations, as well as complex epigenetic interactions, are the basis of the genesis and progression of prostate cancer (CaP). This is the reason why until now the molecular pathways related to development of this cancer were only partly known, and even less those that determine aggressive or indolent tumour behaviour. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of about 22 nucleotides long, small non-coding RNAs, which are involved in gene expression regulation at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs play a crucial role in regulating several biological functions and preserving homeostasis, as they carry out a wide modulatory activity on various molecular signalling pathways. MiRNA genes are placed in cancer-related genomic regions or in fragile sites, and they have been proven to be involved in the main steps of carcinogenesis as oncogenes or oncosuppressors in many types of cancer, including CaP. We performed a narrative review to describe the relationship between miRNAs and the crucial steps of development and progression of CaP. The aims of this study were to improve the knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying miRNA expression and their target genes, and to contribute to understanding the relationship between miRNA expression profiles and CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cochetti
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Vincenza Maulà
- Biotechnology Laboratory in Urology, Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Giulietti
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Cecati
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Del Zingaro
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosy Cagnani
- Biotechnology Laboratory in Urology, Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Suvieri
- Biotechnology Laboratory in Urology, Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessio Paladini
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ettore Mearini
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Song H, Li D, Wang X, Fang E, Yang F, Hu A, Wang J, Guo Y, Liu Y, Li H, Chen Y, Huang K, Zheng L, Tong Q. HNF4A-AS1/hnRNPU/CTCF axis as a therapeutic target for aerobic glycolysis and neuroblastoma progression. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:24. [PMID: 32216806 PMCID: PMC7098112 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of metabolic reprogramming that contributes to tumor progression. However, the mechanisms regulating expression of glycolytic genes in neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, still remain elusive. METHODS Crucial transcriptional regulators and their downstream glycolytic genes were identified by integrative analysis of a publicly available expression profiling dataset. In vitro and in vivo assays were undertaken to explore the biological effects and underlying mechanisms of transcriptional regulators in NB cells. Survival analysis was performed by using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) and its derived long noncoding RNA (HNF4A-AS1) promoted aerobic glycolysis and NB progression. Gain- and loss-of-function studies indicated that HNF4A and HNF4A-AS1 facilitated the glycolysis process, glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP levels of NB cells. Mechanistically, transcription factor HNF4A increased the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2) and solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1), while HNF4A-AS1 bound to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU) to facilitate its interaction with CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), resulting in transactivation of CTCF and transcriptional alteration of HNF4A and other genes associated with tumor progression. Administration of a small peptide blocking HNF4A-AS1-hnRNPU interaction or lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA targeting HNF4A-AS1 significantly suppressed aerobic glycolysis, tumorigenesis, and aggressiveness of NB cells. In clinical NB cases, high expression of HNF4A-AS1, hnRNPU, CTCF, or HNF4A was associated with poor survival of patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that therapeutic targeting of HNF4A-AS1/hnRNPU/CTCF axis inhibits aerobic glycolysis and NB progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Song
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Erhu Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Anpei Hu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Secretory apolipoprotein J/clusterin (sCLU) is overexpressed in many cancers; however, its role in OS has not been previously investigated. The objectives of this study were to address this question and also to assess the clinical value of sCLU as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target by comparing sCLU expression in human OS (n = 106), normal bone (n = 16), fibrous dysplasia (n = 9), and ossifying myositis (n = 11) tissues and by evaluating the effect of sCLU silencing on OS growth, invasion, and chemosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. We found that sCLU was highly expressed in OS tissue specimens, which was positively correlated with metastatic disease and negatively correlated with response to chemotherapy. sCLU knockdown in KHOS cells inhibited proliferation and invasion and increased apoptosis as well as sensitivity to the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine (Gem). In a mouse xenograft model, sCLU depletion suppressed lung metastasis and enhanced the effects of Gem, thereby slowing KHOS tumor growth. These results indicate that sCLU overexpression is a biomarker for malignant transformation of OS and that therapeutic strategies targeting sCLU may be an effective treatment for OS. Highlights ● Secretory apolipoprotein J/clusterin (sCLU) is overexpressed in osteosarcoma (OS). ● sCLU overexpression is associated with metastasis and chemoresistance. ● Silencing sCLU inhibits metastasis and enhances chemosensitivity in OS cells. sCLU is a biomarker for metastatic OS and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ma
- a Department of Spine Surgery , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Weiliang Gao
- b Department of Spine Surgery , The 107 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army , Yantai , Shandong , China
| | - Jisheng Gao
- b Department of Spine Surgery , The 107 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army , Yantai , Shandong , China
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Boguslawska J, Kryst P, Poletajew S, Piekielko-Witkowska A. TGF-β and microRNA Interplay in Genitourinary Cancers. Cells 2019; 8:E1619. [PMID: 31842336 PMCID: PMC6952810 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genitourinary cancers (GCs) include a large group of different types of tumors localizing to the kidney, bladder, prostate, testis, and penis. Despite highly divergent molecular patterns, most GCs share commonly disturbed signaling pathways that involve the activity of TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta). TGF-β is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates key cancer-related molecular and cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. The understanding of the mechanisms of TGF-β actions in cancer is hindered by the "TGF-β paradox" in which early stages of cancerogenic process are suppressed by TGF-β while advanced stages are stimulated by its activity. A growing body of evidence suggests that these paradoxical TGF-β actions could result from the interplay with microRNAs: Short, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to target transcripts and inducing mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of TGF-β signaling in GCs. Importantly, TGF-β signaling and microRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression often act in complicated feedback circuits that involve other crucial regulators of cancer progression (e.g., androgen receptor). Furthermore, recently published in vitro and in vivo studies clearly indicate that the interplay between microRNAs and the TGF-β signaling pathway offers new potential treatment options for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Boguslawska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education; 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Kryst
- II Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Slawomir Poletajew
- II Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.P.)
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Hoter A, Rizk S, Naim HY. The Multiple Roles and Therapeutic Potential of Molecular Chaperones in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081194. [PMID: 31426412 PMCID: PMC6721600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancer types in men worldwide. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that are widely implicated in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of many cancers. The role of HSPs in PCa is complex and their expression has been linked to the progression and aggressiveness of the tumor. Prominent chaperones, including HSP90 and HSP70, are involved in the folding and trafficking of critical cancer-related proteins. Other members of HSPs, including HSP27 and HSP60, have been considered as promising biomarkers, similar to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), for PCa screening in order to evaluate and monitor the progression or recurrence of the disease. Moreover, expression level of chaperones like clusterin has been shown to correlate directly with the prostate tumor grade. Hence, targeting HSPs in PCa has been suggested as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. In the current review, we discuss the functions as well as the role of HSPs in PCa progression and further evaluate the approach of inhibiting HSPs as a cancer treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Hoter
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Rizk
- School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Y Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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Yan H, Li H, Silva MA, Guan Y, Yang L, Zhu L, Zhang Z, Li G, Ren C. LncRNA FLVCR1-AS1 mediates miR-513/YAP1 signaling to promote cell progression, migration, invasion and EMT process in ovarian cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:356. [PMID: 31412903 PMCID: PMC6694549 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be associated with the proliferation of several cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of FLVCR1-AS1 in ovarian serous cancer (OSC). Methods FLVCR1-AS1 expression was determined in human OSC tissues, serums and cell lines. The role of FLVCR1-AS1 knockdown or overexpression on OSC cell growth, migration, invasion, apoptosis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated in vitro using CCK8, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay and western blot assay. Besides, luciferase reporter assays were performed to identify interactions among FLVCR1-AS1 and its target genes. Moreover, the in vivo effects were investigated using immunocompromised NSG female mice. Results In this study, FLVCR1-AS1 expression was upregulated in OSC tissues, serums, and cells. Knockdown FLVCR1-AS1 decreased cell growth, migration, invasion, and EMT, as well as increased apoptosis in OSC cells, whereas, overexpression of FLVCR1-AS1 increased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT, and decreased apoptosis of OSC cells. Besides, FLVCR1-AS1 directly bound to miR-513 and downregulated its expression. Moreover, FLVCR1-AS1 reversed the effect of miR-513 on the OSC cell growth, which might be associated with the role of YAP1. Furthermore, in terms of mechanism, FLVCR1-AS1 promoted EMT in OSC cells. Finally, mice models further confirmed that knockdown FLVCR1-AS1 distinctly suppressed cell growth and EMT in vivo. Conclusion Taken together, FLVCR1-AS1 mediated miR-513/YAP1 signaling to promote cell progression, migration, invasion and EMT process in OSC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Maria A Silva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yichun Guan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Genxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Tian Y, Wang C, Chen S, Liu J, Fu Y, Luo Y. Extracellular Hsp90α and clusterin synergistically promote breast cancer epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis via LRP1. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228213. [PMID: 31273033 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular heat shock protein 90 alpha (eHsp90α, also known as HSP90AA1) has been widely reported to promote tumor cell motility and tumor metastasis in various types of cancer. Several extracellular proteins and membrane receptors have been identified as interacting proteins of eHsp90α and mediate its pro-metastasis function. However, the regulatory mechanism of eHsp90α activity remains largely unknown. Here, we report that clusterin, a protein newly demonstrated to interact with eHsp90α, modulates eHsp90α signaling. We found that clusterin potentiated the effects of eHsp90α on activation of the AKT, ERK and NF-κB protein families, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, in vivo investigations demonstrated similar synergistic effects of eHsp90α and clusterin on tumor metastasis. Notably, the effects of eHsp90α and clusterin were mediated by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). Proximity ligation assay and co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that clusterin participated in eHsp90α-LRP1 complex formation, which enhanced the binding affinity of eHsp90α to LRP1. Collectively, our data establish a role of clusterin as a newly discovered modulator of eHsp90α, and unravel detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic metastasis-promoting effects of clusterin and eHsp90α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China
| | - Chunying Wang
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China
| | - Yan Fu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian district, 100084, China
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Duan X, Liu X, Li Y, Cao Y, Silayiding A, Zhang R, Wang J. MicroRNA‐498 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells and decreases radiation sensitivity by targeting PTEN. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:659-671. [PMID: 31332950 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐Mei Duan
- Department of PathologyThe First Hospital, Jilin University China
| | - Xiao‐Na Liu
- Department of PathologyThe First Hospital, Jilin University China
| | - Yu‐Xin Li
- Department of PathologyThe First Hospital, Jilin University China
| | - Yu‐Qing Cao
- Department of PathologyThe First Hospital, Jilin University China
| | | | - Rong‐Kui Zhang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital, Jilin University China
| | - Ji‐Ping Wang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital, Jilin University China
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Liu Y, Meng F, Wang J, Liu M, Yang G, Song R, Zheng T, Liang Y, Zhang S, Yin D, Wang J, Yang H, Pan S, Sun B, Han J, Sun J, Lan Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhu M, Cui Y, Zhang B, Wu D, Liang S, Liu Y, Song X, Lu Z, Yang J, Li M, Liu L. A Novel Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase-Like Mediated miR-214/TWIST1 Negative Feedback Loop Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5407-5421. [PMID: 31175094 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As a main rate-limiting subunit of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex, oxoglutarate dehydrogenase like (OGDHL) is involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and frequently downregulated in human carcinoma and suppresses tumor growth. However, little is known about the role of OGDHL in human cancer, especially pancreatic cancer. Our goal is to study the underlying mechanism and define a novel signaling pathway controlled by OGDHL modulating pancreatic cancer progression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression and functional analysis of OGDHL, miR-214, and TWIST1 in human pancreatic cancer tissues, cell lines, and xenograft tumor model were investigated. The correlations between OGDHL and those markers were analyzed. RESULTS OGDHL was downregulated in human pancreatic cancer and predicted poor prognosis. OGDHL overexpression inhibited migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and suppressed pancreatic cancer tumor growth. OGDHL was shown to be negatively regulated by miR-214. TWIST1 upregulation induced miR-214 expression in pancreatic cancer. OGDHL suppressed TWIST1 expression through promoting ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of HIF1α and regulating AKT pathways. A combination of OGDHL downregulation and TWIST1 and miR-214 overexpression predicted worse prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the prognostic value of OGDHL, miR-214, and TWIST1 in pancreatic cancer, and elucidated a novel pathway in OGDHL-regulated inhibition of pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. These findings may lead to new targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer through regulating OGDHL, miR-214, and TWIST1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Fanzheng Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Guangchao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruipeng Song
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tongsen Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingjian Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shugeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dalong Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jizhou Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shangha Pan
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jihua Han
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yaliang Lan
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xirui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingxi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yifeng Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dehai Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuhang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuan Song
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Peng M, Deng J, Zhou S, Tao T, Su Q, Yang X, Yang X. The role of Clusterin in cancer metastasis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2405-2414. [PMID: 31114318 PMCID: PMC6497892 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s196273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clusterin is a conserved glycoprotein that has been characterized from almost all human tissues and fluids and plays a key role in cellular stress response and survival. Recently, research efforts have been contributed to explore the function of Clusterin in cancer metastasis, which is particularly important to design the strategies for treating metastatic patients. Evidence collected has demonstrated that Clusterin is overexpressed in tumor metastatic patients and experimental metastasis models. Specifically, Clusterin has been shown to have the role in anti-apoptotic capacities, development of therapy resistance and induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, all associated with cancer metastasis. Inhibition of Clusterin is known to increase the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents and improves advanced cancer patients survival in clinical trials. Our unpublished data have demonstrated that Clusterin is overexpressed in bladder cancer and metformin, a well-known metabolism modulator specifically targets Clusterin by inhibiting migration of bladder cancer cells. In this review, we provide a general view of how Clusterin modulates cancer metastasis and update current understanding of detailed molecular mechanisms underlying of Clusterin for developing cancer management in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Sichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Tao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongli Su
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
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Colella B, Faienza F, Di Bartolomeo S. EMT Regulation by Autophagy: A New Perspective in Glioblastoma Biology. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030312. [PMID: 30845654 PMCID: PMC6468412 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse process MET naturally occur during development and in tissue repair in vertebrates. EMT is also recognized as the crucial event by which cancer cells acquire an invasive phenotype through the activation of specific transcription factors and signalling pathways. Even though glial cells have a mesenchymal phenotype, an EMT-like process tends to exacerbate it during gliomagenesis and progression to more aggressive stages of the disease. Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved degradative process that cells use in order to maintain a proper homeostasis, and defects in autophagy have been associated to several pathologies including cancer. Besides modulating cell resistance or sensitivity to therapy, autophagy also affects the migration and invasion capabilities of tumor cells. Despite this evidence, few papers are present in literature about the involvement of autophagy in EMT-like processes in glioblastoma (GBM) so far. This review summarizes the current understanding of the interplay between autophagy and EMT in cancer, with special regard to GBM model. As the invasive behaviour is a hallmark of GBM aggressiveness, defining a new link between autophagy and EMT can open a novel scenario for targeting these processes in future therapeutical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Colella
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy.
| | - Fiorella Faienza
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy.
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Bouaouiche S, Magadoux L, Dondaine L, Reveneau S, Isambert N, Bettaieb A, Jeannin JF, Laurens V, Plenchette S. Glyceryl trinitrate‑induced cytotoxicity of docetaxel‑resistant prostatic cancer cells is associated with differential regulation of clusterin. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1446-1456. [PMID: 30720069 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) relapse due to acquired resistance to chemotherapy, such as docetaxel, remains a major threat to patient survival. Resistance of mCRPC to docetaxel can be associated with elevated levels of soluble clusterin (sCLU) and growth differentiation factor‑15 (GDF‑15). Any strategies aiming to modulate sCLU and/or GDF‑15 in docetaxel‑resistant prostate cancer cells present a therapeutic interest. The present study reports the cytotoxic effect of a nitric oxide donor, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), on docetaxel‑resistant mCRPC human cell lines and demonstrates that GTN displays greater inhibition of cell viability toward docetaxel‑resistant mCRPC cells than on mCRPC cells. It is also demonstrated that GTN modulates the level of expression of clusterin (CLU) which is dependent of GDF‑15, two markers associated with docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer. The results indicate that GTN represses the level of expression of the cytoprotective isoform of CLU (sCLU) and can increase the level of expression of the cytotoxic isoform (nuclear CLU) in docetaxel resistant cells. Furthermore, it was observed that GTN differentially regulates the level of the precursor form of GDF‑15 between resistant and parental cells, and that recombinant GDF‑15 can modulate the expression of CLU isoforms and counteract GTN‑induced cytotoxicity in resistant cells. A link was established between GDF‑15 and the expression of CLU isoforms. The present study thus revealed GTN as a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome docetaxel‑resistant mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Bouaouiche
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | - Lea Magadoux
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | - Lucile Dondaine
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Reveneau
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | | | - Ali Bettaieb
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Jeannin
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | - Veronique Laurens
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Plenchette
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, F‑75000 Paris, France
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Song B, Park SH, Zhao JC, Fong KW, Li S, Lee Y, Yang YA, Sridhar S, Lu X, Abdulkadir SA, Vessella RL, Morrissey C, Kuzel TM, Catalona W, Yang X, Yu J. Targeting FOXA1-mediated repression of TGF-β signaling suppresses castration-resistant prostate cancer progression. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:569-582. [PMID: 30511964 PMCID: PMC6355239 DOI: 10.1172/jci122367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) progressed to castration resistance (CRPC) is a fatal disease. CRPC tumors develop resistance to new-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide through lineage plasticity, characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and a basal-like phenotype. FOXA1 is a transcription factor essential for epithelial lineage differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that FOXA1 loss leads to remarkable upregulation of transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFB3), which encodes a ligand of the TGF-β pathway. Mechanistically, this is due to genomic occupancy of FOXA1 on an upstream enhancer of the TGFB3 gene to directly inhibit its transcription. Functionally, FOXA1 downregulation induces TGF-β signaling, EMT, and cell motility, which is effectively blocked by the TGF-β receptor I inhibitor galunisertib (LY2157299). Tissue microarray analysis confirmed reduced levels of FOXA1 protein and a concordant increase in TGF-β signaling, indicated by SMAD2 phosphorylation, in CRPC as compared with primary tumors. Importantly, combinatorial LY2157299 treatment sensitized PC cells to enzalutamide, leading to synergistic effects in inhibiting cell invasion in vitro and xenograft CRPC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Therefore, our study establishes FOXA1 as an important regulator of lineage plasticity mediated in part by TGF-β signaling, and supports a novel therapeutic strategy to control lineage switching and potentially extend clinical response to antiandrogen therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Song
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Su-Hong Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | - Ka-wing Fong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Shangze Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Yongik Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Yeqing A. Yang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | - Xiaodong Lu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sarki A. Abdulkadir
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert L. Vessella
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - William Catalona
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ximing Yang
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jindan Yu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Gu S, Feng XH. TGF-β signaling in cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:941-949. [PMID: 30165534 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Signals from the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily mediate a broad spectrum of cellular processes and are deregulated in many diseases, including cancer. TGF-β signaling has dual roles in tumorigenesis. In the early phase of tumorigenesis, TGF-β has tumor suppressive functions, primarily through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, in the late stage of cancer, TGF-β acts as a driver of tumor progression and metastasis by increasing tumor cell invasiveness and migration and promoting chemo-resistance. Here, we briefly review the mechanisms and functions of TGF-β signaling during tumor progression and discuss the therapeutic potentials of targeting the TGF-β pathway in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Gu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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50
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Functional Linkage of RKIP to the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Autophagy during the Development of Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080273. [PMID: 30115852 PMCID: PMC6115972 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) plays a critical role in many signaling pathways as a multi-functional adapter protein. In particular, the loss of RKIP’s function in certain types of cancer cells results in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the promotion of cancer metastasis. In addition, RKIP inhibits autophagy by modulating LC3-lipidation and mTORC1. How the RKIP-dependent inhibition of autophagy is linked to EMT and cancer progression is still under investigation. In this study, we investigated the ways by which RKIP interacts with key gene products in EMT and autophagy during the progression of prostate cancer. We first identified the gene products of interest using the corresponding gene ontology terms. The weighted-gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied on a gene expression dataset from three groups of prostate tissues; benign prostate hyperplasia, primary and metastatic cancer. We found two modules of highly co-expressed genes, which were preserved in other independent datasets of prostate cancer tissues. RKIP showed potentially novel interactions with one EMT and seven autophagy gene products (TGFBR1; PIK3C3, PIK3CB, TBC1D25, TBC1D5, TOLLIP, WDR45 and WIPI1). In addition, we identified several upstream transcription modulators that could regulate the expression of these gene products. Finally, we verified some RKIP novel interactions by co-localization using the confocal microscopy analysis in a prostate cancer cell line. To summarize, RKIP interacts with EMT and autophagy as part of the same functional unit in developing prostate cancer.
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