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Gaur V, Tyagi W, Das S, Ganguly S, Bhattacharyya J. CD40 agonist engineered immunosomes modulated tumor microenvironment and showed pro-immunogenic response, reduced toxicity, and tumor free survival in mice bearing glioblastoma. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122688. [PMID: 38943821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
CD40 agonist antibodies (αCD40) have shown promising anti-tumor response in both preclinical and early clinical studies. However, its systemic administration is associated with immune- and hepato-toxicities which hampers its clinical usage. In addition, αCD40 showed low tumor retention and induced PD-L1 expression which makes tumor microenvironment (TME) immunosuppressive. To overcome these issues, in this study, we have developed a multifunctional Immunosome where αCD40 is conjugated on the surface and RRX-001, a small molecule immunomodulator was encapsulated inside it. Immunosomes showed higher tumor accumulation till 96 h of administration and displayed sustained release of αCD40 in vivo. Immunosomes significantly delayed tumor growth and showed tumor free survival in mice bearing GL-261 glioblastoma by increasing the population of CD45+CD8+ T cells, CD45+CD20+ B cells, CD45+CD11c+ DCs and F4/80+CD86+ cells in TME. Immunosome significantly reduced the population of T-regulatory cells, M2 macrophage, and MDSCs and lowered the PD-L1 expression. Moreover, Immunosomes significantly enhanced the levels of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-2) over Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) which supported anti-tumor response. Most interestingly, Immunosomes averted the in vivo toxicities associated with free αCD40 by lowering the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), IL-6, IL-1α and reduced the degree of liver damage. In addition, Immunosomes treated long-term surviving mice showed tumor specific immune memory response which prevented tumor growth upon rechallenge. Our results suggested that this novel formulation can be further explored in clinics to improve in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of αCD40 with long-lasting tumor specific immunity while reducing the associated toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidit Gaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, India
| | - Witty Tyagi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Das
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Delhi, India
| | - Surajit Ganguly
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, India.
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Thomas AS, Lee SE, Shatila M, De Toni EN, Török HP, Khaled NB, Powell N, Weight R, Faleck DM, Wang Y. IL12/23 Blockade for Refractory Immune-Mediated Colitis: 2-Center Experience. Am J Gastroenterol 2023; 118:1679-1683. [PMID: 37216614 PMCID: PMC11098450 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis (IMC) is commonly managed with steroids and biologics. We evaluated the efficacy of ustekinumab (UST) in treating IMC refractory to steroids plus infliximab and/or vedolizumab. RESULTS Nineteen patients were treated with UST for IMC refractory to steroids plus infliximab (57.9%) and/or vedolizumab (94.7%). Most of them had grade ≥3 diarrhea (84.2%), and colitis with ulceration was present in 42.1%. Thirteen patients (68.4%) attained clinical remission with UST, and mean fecal calprotectin levels dropped significantly after treatment (629 ± 101.5 mcg/mg to 92.0 ± 21.7 mcg/mg, P = 0.0004). DISCUSSION UST is a promising therapy for the treatment of refractory IMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Shirwaikar Thomas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Malek Shatila
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Enrico N. De Toni
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helga-Paula Török
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Najib Ben Khaled
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Powell
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ryan Weight
- The Melanoma and Skin Cancer Institute, Englewood, Colorado, USA
| | - David M. Faleck
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Skin Inflammation Modulation via TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-12 Family Inhibitors Therapy and Cancer Control in Patients with Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095198. [PMID: 35563587 PMCID: PMC9100023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The systemic inflammatory syndrome concept is one of the foundations that stand at the basis of revolutionary modern and future therapies, based on the in-depth understanding of the delicate mechanisms that govern the collaboration between the systems and organs of the human body and, at the same time, the fine balance that ensures a reproach-free operation. An interesting concept that we propose is that of the environment-inadequacy status, a concept that non-specifically incorporates all the situations of the organism's response disorders in the face of imprecisely defined situations of the environment. The correlation between these two concepts will define the future of modern medicine, along with the gene-adjustment mechanisms. Psoriasis is a clear example of an inadequate body response as a result of exposure to as of yet undefined triggers with an excessive systemic inflammatory reaction and hitherto insufficiently controllable. Modern biological therapies, such as TNF-α, IL-12 family, and IL-17 inhibitors, are intended to profoundly reshape the cytokine configuration of patients with inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, with tremendous success in disease control. Yet, because of the important roles of cytokines in cancer promotion and control, concern was raised about the fact that the use of biologicals may alter immune surveillance and promote cancer progression. Both theoretical and practical data nevertheless showed that the treatment-induced control of cytokines may be beneficial for reducing the inflammatory milieu that promotes cancer and such have a beneficial role in maintaining health. We briefly present the intricate roles of those cytokine families on cancer control, with some debates on if their inhibition might or might not promote additional tumoral development.
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SAR442085, a novel anti-CD38 antibody with enhanced antitumor activity against multiple myeloma. Blood 2022; 139:1160-1176. [PMID: 35201323 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent a breakthrough in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), yet some patients fail to respond or progress quickly with this therapy, highlighting the need for novel approaches. In this study we compared the preclinical efficacy of SAR442085, a next-generation anti-CD38 mAb with enhanced affinity for activating Fcγ receptors (FcγR), with first-generation anti-CD38 mAb daratumumab and isatuximab. In surface plasmon resonance and cellular binding assays, we found that SAR442085 had higher binding affinity than daratumumab and isatuximab for FcγRIIa (CD32a) and FcγRIIIa (CD16a). SAR442085 also exhibited better in vitro antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against a panel of MM cells expressing variable CD38 receptor densities including MM patients' primary plasma cells. The enhanced ADCC of SAR442085 was confirmed using NK-92 cells bearing low and high affinity FcγRIIIa (CD16a)-158F/V variants. Using MM patients' primary bone marrow cells, we confirmed that SAR442085 had an increased ability to engage FcγRIIIa, resulting in higher natural killer (NK) cell activation and degranulation against primary plasma cells than preexisting Fc wild-type anti-CD38 mAbs. Finally, using huFcgR transgenic mice that express human Fcγ receptors under the control of their human regulatory elements, we demonstrated that SAR442085 had higher NK cell-dependent in vivo antitumor efficacy and better survival than daratumumab and isatuximab against EL4 thymoma or VK*MYC myeloma cells overexpressing human CD38. These results highlight the preclinical efficacy of SAR442085 and support the current evaluation of this next-generation anti-CD38 antibody in phase I clinical development in patients with relapsed/refractory MM.
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Tang F, Tie Y, Wei YQ, Tu CQ, Wei XW. Targeted and immuno-based therapies in sarcoma: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188606. [PMID: 34371128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas represent a distinct group of rare malignant tumors with high heterogeneity. Limited options with clinical efficacy for the metastatic or local advanced sarcoma existed despite standard therapy. Recently, targeted therapy according to the molecular and genetic phenotype of individual sarcoma is a promising option. Among these drugs, anti-angiogenesis therapy achieved favorable efficacy in sarcomas. Inhibitors targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, mTOR, NTRK, metabolisms, and epigenetic drugs are under clinical evaluation for sarcomas bearing the corresponding signals. Immunotherapy represents a promising and favorable method in advanced solid tumors. However, most sarcomas are immune "cold" tumors, with only alveolar soft part sarcoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cellular therapies with TCR-engineered T cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and nature killer cells transfer show therapeutic potential. Identifying tumor-specific antigens and exploring immune modulation factors arguing the efficacy of these immunotherapies are the current challenges. This review focuses on the mechanisms, advances, and potential strategies of targeted and immune-based therapies in sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthopeadics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Tie
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong-Qi Tu
- Department of Orthopeadics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xia-Wei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Tao Y, Shen H, Liu Y, Li G, Huang Z, Liu Y. IL-23R in laryngeal cancer: a cancer immunoediting process that facilitates tumor cell proliferation and results in cisplatin resistance. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:118-126. [PMID: 32526010 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic pathogens can disturb tissue homeostasis and initiate immune responses for oncogenicity clearance and homeostasis restoration, while failed clearance and chronic inflammation may result in tumorigenesis. The primary tumor development will undergo a cancer immunoediting process, including three phases, termed elimination, equilibrium and escape. Importantly, immune-edited tumor cells can not only reduce immunogenic molecular expression but also manipulate cytokines within the tumor environment (TME) for immune evasion and tumor proliferation. Many studies have revealed that IL-23R performed an essential role in mucous inflammation and tumorigenesis, and the role of IL-23R, either in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or within immune-edited tumor cells, remained largely unknown in laryngeal cancer (LC). Here, we separately analyzed the IL-23R expression in LC TILs and tumor cells and found that high IL-23R expression in tumor cells was associated with moderate and poor tumor differentiation and an unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that human LC tissues overexpress signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), and the relevance analysis found this STAT3 overexpression had a significant correlation with IL-23R expression. Besides, we isolated and cultured IL-23R+ human tumor cells from the postoperation tumor sample of three LC patients, and found that rhIL-23 could phosphorylate STAT3 (pSTAT3, residue Y705), which resulted in cancer cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance. These results indicate that IL-23R was a Hallmark of cancer immunoediting process, and targeting IL-23 should be considered as a therapeutic option for laryngeal function preservation and survival improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hailong Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Weulersse M, Asrir A, Pichler AC, Lemaitre L, Braun M, Carrié N, Joubert MV, Le Moine M, Do Souto L, Gaud G, Das I, Brauns E, Scarlata CM, Morandi E, Sundarrajan A, Cuisinier M, Buisson L, Maheo S, Kassem S, Agesta A, Pérès M, Verhoeyen E, Martinez A, Mazieres J, Dupré L, Gossye T, Pancaldi V, Guillerey C, Ayyoub M, Dejean AS, Saoudi A, Goriely S, Avet-Loiseau H, Bald T, Smyth MJ, Martinet L. Eomes-Dependent Loss of the Co-activating Receptor CD226 Restrains CD8 + T Cell Anti-tumor Functions and Limits the Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapy. Immunity 2021; 53:824-839.e10. [PMID: 33053331 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) are exposed to various signals that ultimately determine functional outcomes. Here, we examined the role of the co-activating receptor CD226 (DNAM-1) in CD8+ T cell function. The absence of CD226 expression identified a subset of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells present in peripheral blood of healthy individuals. These cells exhibited reduced LFA-1 activation, altered TCR signaling, and a distinct transcriptomic program upon stimulation. CD226neg CD8+ T cells accumulated in human and mouse tumors of diverse origin through an antigen-specific mechanism involving the transcriptional regulator Eomesodermin (Eomes). Despite similar expression of co-inhibitory receptors, CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte failed to respond to anti-PD-1 in the absence of CD226. Immune checkpoint blockade efficacy was hampered in Cd226-/- mice. Anti-CD137 (4-1BB) agonists also stimulated Eomes-dependent CD226 loss that limited the anti-tumor efficacy of this treatment. Thus, CD226 loss restrains CD8+ T cell function and limits the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Weulersse
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Assia Asrir
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Andrea C Pichler
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Lea Lemaitre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Matthias Braun
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nadège Carrié
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Véronique Joubert
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Le Moine
- UCR-I (ULB Centre for Research in Immunology), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Gosselies, 6041 Belgium
| | - Laura Do Souto
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Gaud
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Indrajit Das
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elisa Brauns
- UCR-I (ULB Centre for Research in Immunology), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Gosselies, 6041 Belgium
| | - Clara M Scarlata
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Elena Morandi
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Marine Cuisinier
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Laure Buisson
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Sabrina Maheo
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Sahar Kassem
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Arantxa Agesta
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Michaël Pérès
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Els Verhoeyen
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France; Centre international de recherche en infectiologie (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Alejandra Martinez
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Mazieres
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Dupré
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, UPS, Toulouse, France; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gossye
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Vera Pancaldi
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camille Guillerey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Anne S Dejean
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM UMR 1043, CNRS UMR 5282, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- UCR-I (ULB Centre for Research in Immunology), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Gosselies, 6041 Belgium
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Tobias Bald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ludovic Martinet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, France.
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8
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Chyuan IT, Lai JH. New insights into the IL-12 and IL-23: From a molecular basis to clinical application in immune-mediated inflammation and cancers. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 175:113928. [PMID: 32217101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 share a common IL-12/IL-23p40 subunit in structure and play a central role in T cell-mediated responses in inflammation. Over-activated IL-12 and IL-23 signaling drives aberrant T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 immune responses and contributes to immune-mediated diseases. Evidence from genome-wide association studies has shown that genetic alterations in the IL-12/IL-23 signaling pathways have significant links with chronic inflammation. In addition, accumulating evidence from animal models and clinical trials has provided insights into the effectiveness of blocking the IL-12/IL-23 pathways in immune regulation, broadening the clinical indications of IL-12/IL-23 pathway effectors in immune-mediated diseases. More recently, it has been addressed that the balance between IL and 12 and IL-23 is also critical in carcinogenesis. IL-12- and IL-23-driven T cell cytokines are especially important in controlling tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis, and thus, the IL-12/IL-23 pathway may be a promising target for immunotherapy. This review focuses on IL-12/IL-23 signal transduction and biological functionality in autoimmunity and oncoimmunology. We discuss the therapeutic rationale for targeting these cytokines to treat immune-mediated diseases and issues regarding their inadvertent consequences in the balance of host defense and tumor surveillance and summarize their recent clinical applications in immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Tsu Chyuan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Haung Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Santostefano M, Herzyk D, Montgomery D, Wolf J. Nonclinical safety of tildrakizumab, a humanized anti-IL-23p19 monoclonal antibody, in nonhuman primates. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 108:104476. [PMID: 31536773 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tildrakizumab (also known as MK-3222), is a high-affinity, humanized, immunoglobin G1κ monoclonal antibody targeting the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 recently approved for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in the US, Europe, and Australia. The safety profile of tildrakizumab was characterized in nonclinical studies using a pharmacologically relevant cynomolgus monkey model. In repeat-dose toxicity studies, cynomolgus monkeys were chronically treated with subcutaneous (SC) injections of 100 mg/kg of tildrakizumab every 2 weeks up to 9 months. Tildrakizumab was well tolerated, with no toxicological findings (including assessment of reproductive organs; hormonal effects; and cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous system function) at systemic exposures approximately 90 times higher than the recommended human dose of 100 mg. An embryofetal developmental study conducted in pregnant monkeys revealed no treatment-related effects to the developing fetus following SC administration of tildrakizumab 100 mg/kg. In a pre- and postnatal development study, 2 neonatal deaths due to potential viral infection at 100 mg/kg were considered of uncertain relationship to the treatment based on a lack of historical data on the occurrence of viral infection in neonate cynomolgus monkeys. The results of this comprehensive nonclinical safety program support the safe use of tildrakizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Santostefano
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115-5727, United States.
| | - Danuta Herzyk
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA, 19486, United States.
| | - Diana Montgomery
- Pharmacokinetics, Predictive and Clinical Immunogenicity, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA, 19486, United States.
| | - Jayanthi Wolf
- Global Regulatory Affairs, Merck & Co., Inc., 351 N. Sumneytown Pike, North Wales, PA, 19454-2505, United States.
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10
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Kansara M, Thomson K, Pang P, Dutour A, Mirabello L, Acher F, Pin JP, Demicco EG, Yan J, Teng MWL, Smyth MJ, Thomas DM. Infiltrating Myeloid Cells Drive Osteosarcoma Progression via GRM4 Regulation of IL23. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:1511-1519. [PMID: 31527131 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The glutamate metabotropic receptor 4 (GRM4) locus is linked to susceptibility to human osteosarcoma, through unknown mechanisms. We show that Grm4-/- gene-targeted mice demonstrate accelerated radiation-induced tumor development to an extent comparable with Rb1+/- mice. GRM4 is expressed in myeloid cells, selectively regulating expression of IL23 and the related cytokine IL12. Osteosarcoma-conditioned media induce myeloid cell Il23 expression in a GRM4-dependent fashion, while suppressing the related cytokine Il12. Both human and mouse osteosarcomas express an increased IL23:IL12 ratio, whereas higher IL23 expression is associated with worse survival in humans. Consistent with an oncogenic role, Il23 -/- mice are strikingly resistant to osteosarcoma development. Agonists of GRM4 or a neutralizing antibody to IL23 suppressed osteosarcoma growth in mice. These findings identify a novel, druggable myeloid suppressor pathway linking GRM4 to the proinflammatory IL23/IL12 axis. SIGNIFICANCE: Few novel systemic therapies targeting osteosarcoma have emerged in the last four decades. Using insights gained from a genome-wide association study and mouse modeling, we show that GRM4 plays a role in driving osteosarcoma via a non-cell-autonomous mechanism regulating IL23, opening new avenues for therapeutic intervention.See related commentary by Jones, p. 1484.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1469.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kansara
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristian Thomson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Puiyi Pang
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aurelie Dutour
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM UMR 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Francine Acher
- IGF, Universite de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth G Demicco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juming Yan
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Liu Y, Song Y, Lin D, Lei L, Mei Y, Jin Z, Gong H, Zhu Y, Hu B, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Teo HY, Qiu J, Jiang W, Dong C, Wu D, Huang Y, Liu H. NCR - group 3 innate lymphoid cells orchestrate IL-23/IL-17 axis to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development. EBioMedicine 2019; 41:333-344. [PMID: 30827928 PMCID: PMC6443584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a newly discovered family of immune cells that have similar cytokine-secreting profiles as T helper cell subsets. Although ILCs are critical for host defense against infections and tissue homeostasis, their roles in tumor development are not well established. Methods We studied the function of ILC3 cells in the liver for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in murine HCC models using flow cytometry, adoptive transfer, and in vitro functional assays. Findings We found that ILC3 lacking the natural cytotoxicity-triggering receptor (NCR−ILC3) promoted the development of HCC in response to interleukin 23 (IL-23). IL-23 serum level is elevated in HCC patients and its high expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes. We found that IL-23 could promote tumor development in murine HCC tumor models. IL-23 promoted the expansion of NCR−ILC3 and its differentiation from group 1 ILCs (ILC1s). Furthermore, NCR−ILC3 initiated IL-17 production upon IL-23 stimulation and directly inhibited CD8+ T cell immunity by promoting lymphocyte apoptosis and limiting their proliferation. Interpretation Together, our findings suggest that NCR−ILC3 initiates the IL-17-rich immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promotes the development of HCC, thus may serve as a promising target for future cancer immunotherapy. Fund This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471586, 81571556), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, the collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, start-up grant from National University of Singapore, the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas CPRIT (RR180017), and the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Center Support (Core) Grant CA016672 (to The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Liu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Ziqi Jin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huanle Gong
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yinsheng Zhang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lixiang Zhao
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huey Yee Teo
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Ju Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute of Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yuhui Huang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.
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12
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Yan J, Smyth MJ, Teng MWL. Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 and Their Conflicting Roles in Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:a028530. [PMID: 28716888 PMCID: PMC6028064 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a028530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The balance of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 plays a key role in shaping the development of antitumor or protumor immunity. In this review, we discuss the role IL-12 and IL-23 plays in tumor biology from preclinical and clinical data. In particular, we discuss the mechanism by which IL-23 promotes tumor growth and metastases and how the IL-12/IL-23 axis of inflammation can be targeted for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juming Yan
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Yan J, Allen S, Vijayan D, Li XY, Harjunpää H, Takeda K, Liu J, Cua DJ, Smyth MJ, Teng MWL. Experimental Lung Metastases in Mice Are More Effectively Inhibited by Blockade of IL23R than IL23. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:978-987. [PMID: 29921599 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-induced immunosuppression is mediated through various mechanisms including engagement of immune checkpoint receptors on effector cells, function of immunoregulatory cells such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and deployment of immunosuppressive cytokines such as TGFβ and IL10. IL23 is a cytokine that negatively affects antitumor immunity. In this study, we investigated whether IL23-deficient (IL23p19-/-) and IL23R-deficient (IL23R-/-) mice phenocopied each other, with respect to their tumor control. We found that IL23R-/- mice had significantly fewer lung metastases compared with IL23p19-/- mice across three different experimental lung metastasis models (B16F10, LWT1, and RM-1). Similarly, IL23R blocking antibodies were more effective than antibodies neutralizing IL23 in suppressing experimental lung metastases. The antimetastatic activity of anti-IL23R was dependent on NK cells and IFNγ but independent of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, activating Fc receptors, and IL12. Furthermore, our data suggest this increased antitumor efficacy was due to an increase in the proportion of IFNγ-producing NK cells in the lungs of B16F10 tumor-bearing mice. Anti-IL23R, but not anti-IL23p19, partially suppressed lung metastases in tumor-bearing mice neutralized for IL12p40. Collectively, our data imply that IL23R has tumor-promoting effects that are partially independent of IL23p19. Blocking IL23R may be more effective than neutralizing IL23 in the suppression of tumor metastases. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(8); 978-87. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juming Yan
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stacey Allen
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dipti Vijayan
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xian-Yang Li
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Heidi Harjunpää
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kazuyoshi Takeda
- Division of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jing Liu
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel J Cua
- Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, California
| | - Mark J Smyth
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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14
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Mourik BC, Lubberts E, de Steenwinkel JEM, Ottenhoff THM, Leenen PJM. Interactions between Type 1 Interferons and the Th17 Response in Tuberculosis: Lessons Learned from Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:294. [PMID: 28424682 PMCID: PMC5380685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The classical paradigm of tuberculosis (TB) immunity, with a central protective role for Th1 responses and IFN-γ-stimulated cellular responses, has been challenged by unsatisfactory results of vaccine strategies aimed at enhancing Th1 immunity. Moreover, preclinical TB models have shown that increasing IFN-γ responses in the lungs is more damaging to the host than to the pathogen. Type 1 interferon signaling and altered Th17 responses have also been associated with active TB, but their functional roles in TB pathogenesis remain to be established. These two host responses have been studied in more detail in autoimmune diseases (AID) and show functional interactions that are of potential interest in TB immunity. In this review, we first identify the role of type 1 interferons and Th17 immunity in TB, followed by an overview of interactions between these responses observed in systemic AID. We discuss (i) the effects of GM-CSF-secreting Th17.1 cells and type 1 interferons on CCR2+ monocytes; (ii) convergence of IL-17 and type 1 interferon signaling on stimulating B-cell activating factor production and the central role of neutrophils in this process; and (iii) synergy between IL-17 and type 1 interferons in the generation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures and the associated follicular helper T-cell responses. Evaluation of these autoimmune-related pathways in TB pathogenesis provides a new perspective on recent developments in TB research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas C Mourik
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik Lubberts
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan E M de Steenwinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J M Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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15
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Liu J, Blake SJ, Yong MCR, Harjunpää H, Ngiow SF, Takeda K, Young A, O'Donnell JS, Allen S, Smyth MJ, Teng MWL. Improved Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Compared to Adjuvant Immunotherapy to Eradicate Metastatic Disease. Cancer Discov 2016; 6:1382-1399. [PMID: 27663893 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 567] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has recently entered a renaissance phase with the approval of multiple agents for the treatment of cancer. Immunotherapy stands ready to join traditional modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and hormone therapy, as a pillar of cancer treatment. Although immunotherapy has begun to have success in advanced cancer treatment, its scheduling and efficacy with surgery to treat earlier stages of cancer and prevent distant metastases have not been systematically examined. Here, we have used two models of spontaneously metastatic breast cancers in mice to illustrate the significantly greater therapeutic power of neoadjuvant, compared with adjuvant, immunotherapies in the context of primary tumor resection. Elevated and sustained peripheral tumor-specific immune responses underpinned the outcome, and blood sampling of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells immediately prior to and post surgery may provide a predictor of outcome. These data now provide a strong rationale to extensively test and compare neoadjuvant immunotherapy in humans. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate the significantly greater therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant, compared with adjuvant, immunotherapies to eradicate distant metastases following primary tumor resection. Elevated and sustained peripheral tumor-specific immune responses underpinned the outcome, and blood sampling of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells immediately prior to and post surgery may provide a predictor of outcome. Cancer Discov; 6(12); 1382-99. ©2016 AACR.See related commentary by Melero et al., p. 1312This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1293.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J Blake
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle C R Yong
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Heidi Harjunpää
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kazuyoshi Takeda
- Division of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arabella Young
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jake S O'Donnell
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stacey Allen
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. .,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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16
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Codony-Servat J, Rosell R. Cancer stem cells and immunoresistance: clinical implications and solutions. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2016; 4:689-703. [PMID: 26798578 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2015.12.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells can be contained, but not eliminated, by traditional cancer therapies. A cell minor subpopulation is able to evade attack from therapies and may have cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics, including self-renewal, multiple differentiation and tumor initiation (tumor initiating cells, or TICs). Thus, CSCs/TICs, aided by the microenvironment, produce more differentiated, metastatic cancer cells which the immune system detects and interacts with. There are three phases to this process: elimination, equilibrium and escape. In the elimination phase the immune system recognizes and destroys most of the tumor cells. Then the latency phase begins, consisting of equilibrium between immunological elimination and tumor cell growth. Finally, a minor attack-resistant subpopulation escapes and forms a clinically detectable tumor mass. Herein we review current knowledge of immunological characterization of CSCs/TICs. Due to the correlation between CTCs/TICs and drug resistance and metastasis, we also comment on the crucial role of key molecules involved in controlling CSCs/TICs properties; such molecules are essential to detect and destroy CSCs/TICs. Monoclonal antibodies, antibody constructs and vaccines have been designed to act against CSCs/TICs, with demonstrated efficacy in human cancer xenografts and some antitumor activity in human clinical studies. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that selectively target CSCs/TICs warrant further investigation. Better understanding of the interaction between CSCs and tumor immunology may help to identify strategies to eradicate the minor subpopulation that escapes conventional therapy attack, thus providing a solution to the problem of drug resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Codony-Servat
- 1 Pangaea Biotech S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 3 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón-Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain ; 4 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- 1 Pangaea Biotech S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain ; 2 Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain ; 3 Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón-Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain ; 4 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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The TLR7 agonist induces tumor regression both by promoting CD4⁺T cells proliferation and by reversing T regulatory cell-mediated suppression via dendritic cells. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1779-89. [PMID: 25593198 PMCID: PMC4359331 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Treg-induced immunosuppression is now recognized as a key element in enabling tumors to escape immune-mediated destruction. Although topical TLR7 therapies such as imiquimod have been proved successful in the treatment of dermatological malignancy and a number of conditions beyond the FDA-approved indications, the mechanism behind the effect of TLR7 on effector T cell and Treg cell function in cancer immunosurveillance is still not well understood. Here, we found that Loxoribin, one of the TLR7 ligands, could inhibit tumor growth in xenograft models of colon cancer and lung cancer, and these anti-tumor effects of Loxoribin were mediated by promoting CD4⁺T cell proliferation and reversing Treg-mediated suppression via dendritic cells (DCs). However, deprivation of IL-6 using a neutralizing antibody abrogated the ability of Loxoribin-treated DCs, which reversed the Treg cell-mediated suppression. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of Loxoribin-treated DCs inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. Thus, this study links TLR7 signaling to the functional control of effector T cells and Treg cells and identifies Loxoribin as a new therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment, which may offer new opportunities to improve the outcome of cancer immunotherapy.
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18
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Smyth MJ, Ngiow SF, Ribas A, Teng MWL. Combination cancer immunotherapies tailored to the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2015; 13:143-58. [PMID: 26598942 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that cancer immunotherapy will be a major part of the combination treatment plan for many patients with many cancer types in the near future. There are many types of immune processes involving different antitumour and tumour-promoting leucocytes, and tumour cells use many strategies to evade the immune response. The tumour microenvironment can help determine which immune suppressive pathways become activated to restrain antitumour immunity. This includes immune checkpoint receptors on effector T-cells and myeloid cells, and release of inhibitory cytokines and metabolites. Therapeutic approaches that target these pathways, particularly immune-checkpoint receptors, can induce durable antitumour responses in patients with advanced-stage cancers, including melanoma. Nevertheless, many patients do not have a good response to monotherapy approaches and alternative strategies are required to achieve optimal therapeutic benefit. These strategies include eliminating the bulk of tumour cells to provoke tumour-antigen release and antigen-presenting cell (APC) function, using adjuvants to enhance APC function, and using agents that enhance effector-cell activity. In this Review, we discuss the stratification of the tumour microenvironment according to tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 expression in the tumour, and how this stratification enables the design of optimal combination cancer therapies tailored to target different tumour microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, 4006 Queensland, Australia
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19
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Rodvold JJ, Mahadevan NR, Zanetti M. Immune modulation by ER stress and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:227-36. [PMID: 26525580 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It is now increasingly evident that the immune system represents a barrier to tumor emergence, growth, and recurrence. Although this idea was originally proposed almost 50 years ago as the "immune surveillance hypothesis", it is commonly recognized that, with few rare exceptions, tumor cells always prevail. Thus, one of the central unsolved paradoxes of tumor immunology is how a tumor escapes immune control, which is reflected in the lack of effective autochthonous or vaccine-induced anti-tumor T cell responses. In this review, we discuss the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response/unfolded protein response (UPR) in the immunomodulation of myeloid cells and T cells. Specifically, we will discuss how the tumor cell UPR polarizes myeloid cells in a cell-extrinsic manner, and how in turn, thus polarized myeloid cells negatively affect T cell activation and clonal expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Rodvold
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0815
| | - Navin R Mahadevan
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0815
| | - Maurizio Zanetti
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0815.
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20
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Teng MWL, Bowman EP, McElwee JJ, Smyth MJ, Casanova JL, Cooper AM, Cua DJ. IL-12 and IL-23 cytokines: from discovery to targeted therapies for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Nat Med 2015; 21:719-29. [PMID: 26121196 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 572] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) was thought to have a central role in T cell-mediated responses in inflammation for more than a decade after it was first identified. Discovery of the cytokine IL-23, which shares a common p40 subunit with IL-12, prompted efforts to clarify the relative contribution of these two cytokines in immune regulation. Ustekinumab, a therapeutic agent targeting both cytokines, was recently approved to treat psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and related agents are in clinical testing for a variety of inflammatory disorders. Here we discuss the therapeutic rationale for targeting these cytokines, the unintended consequences for host defense and tumor surveillance and potential ways in which these therapies can be applied to treat additional immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele W L Teng
- 1] Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy and Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratories, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. [2] School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Mark J Smyth
- 1] Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy and Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratories, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia. [2] School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- 1] St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA. [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA. [3] Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Paris, France. [4] Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. [5] Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Daniel J Cua
- Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, USA
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21
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Guillerey C, Ferrari de Andrade L, Vuckovic S, Miles K, Ngiow SF, Yong MCR, Teng MWL, Colonna M, Ritchie DS, Chesi M, Bergsagel PL, Hill GR, Smyth MJ, Martinet L. Immunosurveillance and therapy of multiple myeloma are CD226 dependent. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:2077-89. [PMID: 25893601 DOI: 10.1172/jci77181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an age-dependent hematological malignancy. Evaluation of immune interactions that drive MM relies on in vitro experiments that do not reflect the complex cellular stroma involved in MM pathogenesis. Here we used Vk*MYC transgenic mice, which spontaneously develop MM, and demonstrated that the immune system plays a critical role in the control of MM progression and the response to treatment. We monitored Vk*MYC mice that had been crossed with Cd226 mutant mice over a period of 3 years and found that CD226 limits spontaneous MM development. The CD226-dependent anti-myeloma immune response against transplanted Vk*MYC MM cells was mediated both by NK and CD8+ T cells through perforin and IFN-γ pathways. Moreover, CD226 expression was required for optimal antimyeloma efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CTX) and bortezomib (Btz), which are both standardly used to manage MM in patients. Activation of costimulatory receptor CD137 with mAb (4-1BB) exerted strong antimyeloma activity, while inhibition of coinhibitory receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4 had no effect. Taken together, the results of this study provide in vivo evidence that CD226 is important for MM immunosurveillance and indicate that specific immune components should be targeted for optimal MM treatment efficacy. As progressive immunosuppression associates with MM development, strategies aimed to increase immune functions may have important therapeutic implications in MM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/physiology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Boronic Acids/therapeutic use
- Bortezomib
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CTLA-4 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Crosses, Genetic
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- Disease Progression
- Genes, myc
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Immunologic Surveillance/immunology
- Immunotherapy
- Interferon-gamma/deficiency
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/physiology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/immunology
- Neoplasm Proteins/deficiency
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins/deficiency
- Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins/genetics
- Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins/physiology
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Pyrazines/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Virus/deficiency
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/physiology
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/immunology
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22
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Hassan GS, Stagg J, Mourad W. Role of CD154 in cancer pathogenesis and immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41:431-40. [PMID: 25843228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Many factors and molecules have been investigated as potential players in the pathogenesis or immunosurveillance of cancer. Among these, CD154 has been recognized as a co-stimulatory molecule with high potential for treating cancer, in addition to its contribution in the development of the disease. CD154 was initially described for its pivotal role in T cell-dependent humoral responses via an interaction with its classical receptor, CD40. Subsequent studies showed that CD154 is also implicated in cell-mediated immunity and inflammation via an interaction with CD40 alone or in combination with newly identified receptors, members of the integrin family, leading to the development of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In the current article, we present an overview of the role of CD154 as a potential etiological factor in tumors inducing proliferation of malignant cells, their rescue from apoptosis and their invasiveness. In addition, this review describes the immuno-regulatory functions of CD154 against cancer reflected by its stimulation of antigen-presenting cells and the subsequent activation of effector cells, its enhancement of malignant cells' immunogenicity, its modulation of immune settings around tumors, and its initiation of proliferation inhibiting effects in malignant cells. In vitro as well as in vivo studies are outlined and a particular attention is given to clinical studies and progress reached at this point. Findings reviewed herein will improve our knowledge of the role of the CD154 system in cancers from causative to immunotherapeutic functions, paving the way for the identification of new targets for prevention and/or treatment of malignant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S Hassan
- Centre de Recherche-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Walid Mourad
- Centre de Recherche-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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23
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Klein A, Schwartz H, Sagi-Assif O, Meshel T, Izraely S, Ben Menachem S, Bengaiev R, Ben-Shmuel A, Nahmias C, Couraud PO, Witz IP, Erez N. Astrocytes facilitate melanoma brain metastasis via secretion of IL-23. J Pathol 2015; 236:116-27. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anat Klein
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Hila Schwartz
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Sivan Izraely
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Shlomit Ben Menachem
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Roman Bengaiev
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Amir Ben-Shmuel
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Clara Nahmias
- Department of Cell Biology; Institut Cochin; Paris France
| | | | - Isaac P Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Neta Erez
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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24
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Medina-Echeverz J, Ma C, Duffy AG, Eggert T, Hawk N, Kleiner DE, Korangy F, Greten TF. Systemic Agonistic Anti-CD40 Treatment of Tumor-Bearing Mice Modulates Hepatic Myeloid-Suppressive Cells and Causes Immune-Mediated Liver Damage. Cancer Immunol Res 2015; 3:557-66. [PMID: 25637366 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-14-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune-stimulatory mAbs are currently being evaluated as antitumor agents. Although overall toxicity from these agents appears to be moderate, liver toxicities have been reported and are not completely understood. We studied the effect of systemic CD40 antibody treatment on myeloid cells in the spleen and liver. Naïve and tumor-bearing mice were treated systemically with agonistic anti-CD40 antibody. Immune cell subsets in the liver and spleen, serum transaminases, and liver histologies were analyzed after antibody administration. Nox2(-/-), Cd40(-/-), and bone marrow chimeric mice were used to study the mechanism by which agonistic anti-CD40 mediates its effects in vivo. Suppressor function of murine and human tumor-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) was studied upon CD40 ligation. Agonistic CD40 antibody caused liver damage within 24 hours after injection in two unrelated tumor models and mice strains. Using bone marrow chimeras, we demonstrate that CD40 antibody-induced hepatitis in tumor-bearing mice was dependent on the presence of CD40-expressing hematopoietic cells. Agonistic CD40 ligation-dependent liver damage was induced by the generation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, agonistic CD40 antibody resulted in increased CD80-positive and CD40-positive liver CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) immature myeloid cells. CD40 ligation on tumor-induced murine and human CD14(+)HLA-DR(low) peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with cancer reduced their immune suppressor function. Collectively, agonistic CD40 antibody treatment activated tumor-induced myeloid cells, caused myeloid-dependent hepatotoxicity, and ameliorated the suppressor function of murine and human MDSC. Collectively, our data suggest that CD40 may mature immunosuppressive myeloid cells and thereby cause liver damage in mice with an accumulation of tumor-induced hepatic MDSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Medina-Echeverz
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chi Ma
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Austin G Duffy
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tobias Eggert
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nga Hawk
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Firouzeh Korangy
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tim F Greten
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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25
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Clark EA. A Short History of the B-Cell-Associated Surface Molecule CD40. Front Immunol 2014; 5:472. [PMID: 25324844 PMCID: PMC4179537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective traces developments using monoclonal antibody technology that led to the discovery of CD40, a receptor that on B cells mediates “T cell help” and on dendritic cells helps to program CD8 T cell responses. I discuss some things that we got right during the path of discovery and some things we missed. Immunotherapies that block or stimulate the CD40 pathway hold great promise for treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Clark
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
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26
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Sundar R, Soong R, Cho BC, Brahmer JR, Soo RA. Immunotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2014; 85:101-9. [PMID: 24880938 PMCID: PMC4332778 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the understanding of the role of the immune system in tumor immunosurveillance have resulted in the recognition that tumors can evade immune destruction via the dysregulation of co-inhibitory or checkpoint signals. This has led to the development of a generation immunotherapeutic agents targeting the immune checkpoint pathway. Recent early phase studies of immune checkpoint modulators, such as CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in NSCLC have reported promising results with prolonged clinical responses and tolerable toxicity. This article provides an overview of co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules that regulate the immune response to tumors, recent therapies that have been developed to exploit these interactions and the role of predictive biomarkers in treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Sundar
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Richie Soong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Byoung-Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Julie R Brahmer
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ross A Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Australia.
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27
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Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 play important roles in the development of experimental autoimmune disease models and numerous afflictions affecting humans. Preclinical data over the last 20 years combined with successful clinical trials has identified a clear relationship between IL-12, IL-23 and the generation of pathogenic T helper cells capable of orchestrating tissue inflammation. Observations made in the clinic have shown that IL-12p40, a common subunit shared by IL-12 and IL-23, is critical to pathologies associated with psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and tumor growth. These advancements have set in motion the development of a number of potential therapeutics aimed at manipulating IL-12/23 signaling pathways in both mice and humans. This review will discuss a brief history of the understanding and expansion of the IL-12 cytokine family, some difficulties associated with preclinical data interpretation and finally the medicinal interventions that have been developed to combat IL-12/23-driven autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Croxford
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Paulina Kulig
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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28
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Smyth MJ, Teng MWL. Targeting the IL-12/IL-23 axis: An alternative approach to removing tumor induced immune suppression. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e28964. [PMID: 25083324 PMCID: PMC4108456 DOI: 10.4161/onci.28964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated significant clinical responses in cancers infiltrated by T cells. Many tumors contain high proportions of myeloid cells and these can secrete immunosuppressive cytokines like IL-23. Our data suggest the clinical potential of using anti-CD40 (push) and anti-IL-23 mAbs (pull) to tip the IL-12/23 balance in established tumors and act as an alternative combination cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Brisbane, QLD Australia ; School of Medicine; University of Queensland; Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy Laboratory; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Brisbane, QLD Australia ; School of Medicine; University of Queensland; Brisbane, QLD Australia
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