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Khan IA, Saraya A. Circulating MicroRNAs as Noninvasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer: A Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:720-730. [PMID: 36322366 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Currently, most PC cases are diagnosed at an already advanced stage. Early detection of PC is critical to improving survival rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers for the early detection of PC. Recently, circulating miRNAs in whole blood and other body fluids have been reported as promising biomarkers for the early detection of various cancers, including PC. Furthermore, due to minimal invasiveness and technical availability, circulating miRNAs hold promise for further wide usage. As a potential novel molecular marker, circulating miRNAs not only represent promising noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic tools but could also improve the evaluation of tumor classification, metastasis, and curative effect. The purpose of this review is to outline the available information regarding circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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2
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Saviana M, Le P, Micalo L, Del Valle-Morales D, Romano G, Acunzo M, Li H, Nana-Sinkam P. Crosstalk between miRNAs and DNA Methylation in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1075. [PMID: 37239435 PMCID: PMC10217889 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are some of the most well-characterized regulators of gene expression. Integral to several physiological processes, their aberrant expression often drives the pathogenesis of both benign and malignant diseases. Similarly, DNA methylation represents an epigenetic modification influencing transcription and playing a critical role in silencing numerous genes. The silencing of tumor suppressor genes through DNA methylation has been reported in many types of cancer and is associated with tumor development and progression. A growing body of literature has described the crosstalk between DNA methylation and miRNAs as an additional layer in the regulation of gene expression. Methylation in miRNA promoter regions inhibits its transcription, while miRNAs can target transcripts and subsequently regulate the proteins responsible for DNA methylation. Such relationships between miRNA and DNA methylation serve an important regulatory role in several tumor types and highlight a novel avenue for potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between DNA methylation and miRNA expression in the pathogenesis of cancer and describe how miRNAs influence DNA methylation and, conversely, how methylation impacts the expression of miRNAs. Finally, we address how these epigenetic modifications may be leveraged as biomarkers in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Nana-Sinkam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1250 E. Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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3
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Wang B, Gu B, Zhang T, Li X, Wang N, Ma C, Xiang L, Wang Y, Gao L, Yu Y, Song K, He P, Wang Y, Zhu J, Chen H. Good or bad: Paradox of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in digestive system tumors. Cancer Lett 2023; 559:216117. [PMID: 36889376 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The fibrinolytic system is involved in many physiological functions, among which the important members can interact with each other, either synergistically or antagonistically to participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) acts as a crucial element of the fibrinolytic system and functions in an anti-fibrinolytic manner in the normal coagulation process. It inhibits plasminogen activator, and affects the relationship between cells and extracellular matrix. PAI-1 not only involved in blood diseases, inflammation, obesity and metabolic syndrome but also in tumor pathology. Especially PAI-1 plays a different role in different digestive tumors as an oncogene or cancer suppressor, even a dual role for the same cancer. We term this phenomenon "PAI-1 paradox". PAI-1 is acknowledged to have both uPA-dependent and -independent effects, and its different actions can result in both beneficial and adverse consequences. Therefore, this review will elaborate on PAI-1 structure, the dual value of PAI-1 in different digestive system tumors, gene polymorphisms, the uPA-dependent and -independent mechanisms of regulatory networks, and the drugs targeted by PAI-1 to deepen the comprehensive understanding of PAI-1 in digestive system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bofang Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Baohong Gu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Na Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chenhui Ma
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kewei Song
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Puyi He
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yueyan Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Surgical Oncology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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4
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Alfieri M, Meo L, Ragno P. Posttranscriptional Regulation of the Plasminogen Activation System by Non-Coding RNA in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020962. [PMID: 36674481 PMCID: PMC9860977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Various species of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) may act as functional molecules regulating diverse biological processes. In cancer cell biology, ncRNAs include RNAs that regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes through various mechanisms. The urokinase (uPA)-mediated plasminogen activation system (PAS) includes uPA, its inhibitors PAI-1 and PAI-2 and its specific cellular receptor uPAR; their increased expression represents a negative prognostic factor in several cancers. Here, we will briefly describe the main uPA-mediated PAS components and ncRNA species; then, we will review more recent evidence of the roles that ncRNAs may play in regulating the expression and functions of uPA-mediated PAS components in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaevelina Alfieri
- Clinical Pathology, Pausilipon Hospital, A.O.R.N Santobono-Pausilipon, 80123 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Meo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Pia Ragno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-089-969456
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5
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Tawil N, Rak J. Blood coagulation and cancer genes. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2022; 35:101349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2022.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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McCubrey JA, Meher AK, Akula SM, Abrams SL, Steelman LS, LaHair MM, Franklin RA, Martelli AM, Ratti S, Cocco L, Barbaro F, Duda P, Gizak A. Wild type and gain of function mutant TP53 can regulate the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, EGFR/Ras/Raf/MEK, and PI3K/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway inhibitors, nutraceuticals and alter metabolic properties. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3365-3386. [PMID: 35477123 PMCID: PMC9085237 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
TP53 is a master regulator of many signaling and apoptotic pathways involved in: aging, cell cycle progression, gene regulation, growth, apoptosis, cellular senescence, DNA repair, drug resistance, malignant transformation, metastasis, and metabolism. Most pancreatic cancers are classified as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). The tumor suppressor gene TP53 is mutated frequently (50-75%) in PDAC. Different types of TP53 mutations have been observed including gain of function (GOF) point mutations and various deletions of the TP53 gene resulting in lack of the protein expression. Most PDACs have point mutations at the KRAS gene which result in constitutive activation of KRas and multiple downstream signaling pathways. It has been difficult to develop specific KRas inhibitors and/or methods that result in recovery of functional TP53 activity. To further elucidate the roles of TP53 in drug-resistance of pancreatic cancer cells, we introduced wild-type (WT) TP53 or a control vector into two different PDAC cell lines. Introduction of WT-TP53 increased the sensitivity of the cells to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs, signal transduction inhibitors, drugs and nutraceuticals and influenced key metabolic properties of the cells. Therefore, TP53 is a key molecule which is critical in drug sensitivity and metabolism of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Akshaya K. Meher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Shaw M. Akula
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Stephen L. Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Linda S. Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Michelle M. LaHair
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Richard A. Franklin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Alberto M. Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvio Barbaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Re.Mo.Bio.S. Laboratory, Anatomy Section, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Przemysław Duda
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Liu X, Zhao S, Sui H, Liu H, Yao M, Su Y, Qu P. MicroRNAs/LncRNAs Modulate MDSCs in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:772351. [PMID: 35359390 PMCID: PMC8963964 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.772351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immature cells derived from bone marrow that play critical immunosuppressive functions in the tumor microenvironment (TME), promoting cancer progression. According to base length, Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are mainly divided into: microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs, snRNAs and CircRNAs. Both miRNA and lncRNA are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, and they play an important role in gene expression under both physiological and pathological conditions. The increasing data have shown that MiRNAs/LncRNAs regulate MDSCs within TME, becoming one of potential breakthrough points at the investigation and treatment of cancer. Therefore, we summarize how miRNAs/lncRNAs mediate the differentiation, expansion and immunosuppressive function of tumor MDSCs in TME. We will then focus on the regulatory mechanisms of exosomal MicroRNAs/LncRNAs on tumor MDSCs. Finally, we will discuss how the interaction of miRNAs/lncRNAs modulates tumor MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Shang Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Hongshu Sui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Minhua Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Yanping Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Yanping Su, ; Peng Qu,
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Yanping Su, ; Peng Qu,
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8
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Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Mechanisms of Tumor Progression and Novel Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051231. [PMID: 35267539 PMCID: PMC8909913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in determining the biological behavior of several of the more aggressive malignancies. Among the various cell types evident in the tumor “field”, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogenous collection of activated fibroblasts secreting a wide repertoire of factors that regulate tumor development and progression, inflammation, drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence. Insensitivity to chemotherapeutics and metastatic spread are the major contributors to cancer patient mortality. This review discusses the complex interactions between CAFs and the various populations of normal and neoplastic cells that interact within the dynamic confines of the tumor microenvironment with a focus on the involved pathways and genes. Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogenous population of stromal cells found in solid malignancies that coexist with the growing tumor mass and other immune/nonimmune cellular elements. In certain neoplasms (e.g., desmoplastic tumors), CAFs are the prominent mesenchymal cell type in the tumor microenvironment, where their presence and abundance signal a poor prognosis in multiple cancers. CAFs play a major role in the progression of various malignancies by remodeling the supporting stromal matrix into a dense, fibrotic structure while secreting factors that lead to the acquisition of cancer stem-like characteristics and promoting tumor cell survival, reduced sensitivity to chemotherapeutics, aggressive growth and metastasis. Tumors with high stromal fibrotic signatures are more likely to be associated with drug resistance and eventual relapse. Clarifying the molecular basis for such multidirectional crosstalk among the various normal and neoplastic cell types present in the tumor microenvironment may yield novel targets and new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This review highlights the most recent concepts regarding the complexity of CAF biology including CAF heterogeneity, functionality in drug resistance, contribution to a progressively fibrotic tumor stroma, the involved signaling pathways and the participating genes.
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Roalsø MTT, Hald ØH, Alexeeva M, Søreide K. Emerging Role of Epigenetic Alterations as Biomarkers and Novel Targets for Treatments in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030546. [PMID: 35158814 PMCID: PMC8833770 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epigenetic alterations cause changes in gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence and are found to affect several molecular pathways in pancreatic tumors. Such changes are reversible, making them potential drug targets. Furthermore, epigenetic alterations occur early in the disease course and may thus be explored for early detection. Hence, a deeper understanding of epigenetics in pancreatic cancer may lead to improved diagnostics, treatments, and prognostication. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with limited treatment options. Emerging evidence shows that epigenetic alterations are present in PDAC. The changes are potentially reversible and therefore promising therapeutic targets. Epigenetic aberrations also influence the tumor microenvironment with the potential to modulate and possibly enhance immune-based treatments. Epigenetic marks can also serve as diagnostic screening tools, as epigenetic changes occur at early stages of the disease. Further, epigenetics can be used in prognostication. The field is evolving, and this review seeks to provide an updated overview of the emerging role of epigenetics in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus T. T. Roalsø
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway;
- HPB Unit, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway;
- Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Øyvind H. Hald
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Marina Alexeeva
- HPB Unit, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway;
- Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kjetil Søreide
- HPB Unit, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway;
- Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence:
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Dong Y, Tian J, Yan B, Lv K, Li J, Fu D. Liver-Metastasis-Related Genes are Potential Biomarkers for Predicting the Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609822. [PMID: 34290570 PMCID: PMC8286999 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that metastasis determines the prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), and the liver is the most primary distant metastatic location of PAAD. It is worth exploring the value of liver-metastasis-related genetic prognostic signature (LM-PS) in predicting the clinical outcomes of PAAD patients post R0 resection. We collected 65 tumors and 165 normal pancreatic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEx), respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between primary tumor and normal pancreatic samples were intersected with DEGs between primary tumor samples with liver metastasis and those without new tumor events. The intersected 45 genes were input into univariate Cox regression analysis to identify the prognostic genes. Thirty-three prognostic liver-metastasis-related genes were identified and included in least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis to develop a seven-gene LM-PS, which included six risk genes (ANO1, FAM83A, GPR87, ITGB6, KLK10, and SERPINE1) and one protective gene (SMIM32). The PAAD patients were grouped into low- and high-risk groups based on the median value of risk scores. The LM-PS harbored an independent predictive ability to distinguish patients with a high-risk of death and liver metastasis after R0 resection. Moreover, a robust prognostic nomogram based on LM-PS, the number of positive lymph nodes, and histologic grade were established to predict the overall survival of PAAD patients. Besides, a transcription factor‐microRNA coregulatory network was constructed for the seven LM-PS genes, and the immune infiltration and genomic alterations were systematically explored in the TGCA-PAAD cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlei Dong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Tian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingqian Yan
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Lv
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deliang Fu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li LM, Chen C, Ran RX, Huang JT, Sun HL, Zeng C, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Liu SM. Loss of TARBP2 Drives the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via miR-145-SERPINE1 Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620912. [PMID: 34249676 PMCID: PMC8265608 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain dismal. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms for the progression of aggressive HCC holds the promise for developing novel intervention strategies. The transactivation response element RNA-binding protein (TRBP/TARBP2), a key component of microRNA (miRNA) processing and maturation machinery has been shown to play conflicting roles in tumor development and progression. We sought to investigate the expression of TARBP2 in HCC using well-characterized HCC cell lines, patient-derived tissues and blood samples. Additionally, the potential prognostic and diagnostic value of TARBP2 in HCC were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plots and ROC curve. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing and transwell assays examined the ability of TARBP2 to induce cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cell lines. RNA sequencing was applied to identify the downstream elements of TARBP2. The interaction of potential targets of TARBP2, miR-145 and serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1), was assessed using luciferase reporter assay. TARBP2 expression was down-regulated in HCC cell lines relative to normal hepatocyte cells, with a similar pattern further confirmed in tissue and blood samples. Notably, the loss of TARBP2 was demonstrated to promote proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cell lines. Interestingly, the reduction of TARBP2 was shown to result in the upregulation of SERPINE1, also known as plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), which is a vital gene of the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Knockdown of SERPINE1 rescued the TARBP2-lost phenotype. Moreover, TARBP2 depletion induced the upregulation of SERPINE1 through reducing the processing of miR-145, which directly targets SERPINE1. Finally, overexpression of miR-145 repressed SERPINE1 and rescued the functions in sh-TARBP2 HCC cells. Our findings underscore a linear TARBP2-miR-145-SERPINE1 pathway that drives HCC progression, with the potential as a novel intervention target for aggressive HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Man Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ruo-Xi Ran
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Tao Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Lung Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chang Zeng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Song-Mei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Zhao X, Li H, Lyu S, Zhai J, Ji Z, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Liu Z, Wang H, Xu J, Fan H, Kou J, Li L, Lang R, He Q. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals heterogeneous progression and EGFR activation in pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2590-2605. [PMID: 34326696 PMCID: PMC8315026 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.58886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) — a rare pathological pancreatic cancer (PC) type — has a poor prognosis due to high malignancy. To examine the heterogeneity of PASC, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) profiling with sample tissues from a healthy donor pancreas, an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, and a patient with PASC. Of 9,887 individual cells, ten cell subpopulations were identified, including myeloid, immune, ductal, fibroblast, acinar, stellate, endothelial, and cancer cells. Cancer cells were divided into five clusters. Notably, cluster 1 exhibited stem-like phenotypes expressing UBE2C, ASPM, and TOP2A. We found that S100A2 is a potential biomarker for cancer cells. LGALS1, NPM1, RACK1, and PERP were upregulated from ductal to cancer cells. Furthermore, the copy number variations in ductal and cancer cells were greater than in the reference cells. The expression of EREG, FCGR2A, CCL4L2, and CTSC increased in myeloid cells from the normal pancreas to PASC. The gene sets expressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts were enriched in the immunosuppressive pathways. We demonstrate that EGFR-associated ligand-receptor pairs are activated in ductal-stromal cell communications. Hence, this study revealed the heterogeneous variations of ductal and stromal cells, defined cancer-associated signaling pathways, and deciphered intercellular interactions following PASC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shaocheng Lyu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jialei Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhiwei Ji
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- School of Information Management and Statistics, Hubei University of Economics, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China
| | - Xinxue Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Huaguang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Junming Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiantao Kou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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13
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Tawil N, Spinelli C, Bassawon R, Rak J. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of cancer coagulome - lessons from heterogeneity of cancer cell populations. Thromb Res 2021; 191 Suppl 1:S99-S105. [PMID: 32736787 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(20)30405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a morbid, potentially life threatening and biologically impactful paraneoplastic state. At least in part, CAT is likely driven by cancer-specific mechanisms the nature of which is still poorly understood, hampering diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic efforts. It is increasingly appreciated that cancer-specific drivers of CAT include a constellation of oncogenic mutations and their superimposed epigenetic states that shape the transcriptome, phenotype and secretome of cancer cell populations, including the repertoire of genes impacting the vascular and coagulation systems. High-grade brain tumours, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represent a paradigm of locally initiated haemostatic abnormalities that propagate systemically, likely through circulating mediators, such as extracellular vesicles and soluble factors. Reciprocally, CAT impacts the biology of cancer cells and may drive tumour evolution. The constituent, oncogene-transformed cancer cell populations form complex ecosystems, the intricate architecture of which has been recently revealed by single cell sequencing technologies. Amidst this phenotypic heterogeneity, several alternative pathways of CAT may exist both between and within individual tumours and their subtypes, including GBM. Indeed, different contributions of cells expressing key coagulant mediators, such as tissue factor, or podoplanin, have been identified in GBM subtypes driven by oncogenic mutations in EGFR, IDH1 and other transforming genes. Thus, a better understanding of cellular sources of CAT, including dominant cancer cell phenotypes and their dynamic shifts, may help design more personalised approaches to thrombosis in cancer patients to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Tawil
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cristiana Spinelli
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rayhaan Bassawon
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Janusz Rak
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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14
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Circular RNA circHIPK3 Activates Macrophage NLRP3 Inflammasome and TLR4 Pathway in Gouty Arthritis via Sponging miR-561 and miR-192. Inflammation 2021; 44:2065-2077. [PMID: 34085163 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidences indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in regulating gene expressions in various diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in inflammatory response of gouty arthritis remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of circHIPK3 in inflammatory response of gouty arthritis. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expressions of circHIPK3, miR-192 and miR-561. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) related proteins, and Caspase-1. Dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay, and FISH assay were used to confirm the interaction between circHIPK3 and miR-192/miR-561. ELISA was used to detect interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels. circHIPK3 was elevated in synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) from patients with gouty arthritis and monosodium urate (MSU)-stimulated THP-1 cells. circHIPK3 overexpression promoted the inflammatory cytokines levels in MSU-stimulated THP-1 cells, and circHIPK3 silencing obtained the opposite effect. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 sponged miR-192 and miR-561, and subsequently promoted the expressions of miR-192 and miR-561 target gene TLR4 and NLRP3. In vivo experiments confirmed circHIPK3 knockdown suppressed gouty arthritis. circHIPK3 sponges miR-192 and miR-561 to promote TLR4 and NLRP3 expressions, thereby promoting inflammatory response in gouty arthritis.
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15
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Cai JL, Zhu GQ, Du JX, Wang B, Wan JL, Xiao K, Dai Z. Identification and validation of a new gene signature predicting prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients by network analysis of stemness indices. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:699-709. [PMID: 33131341 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1845142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Stem cells play an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their precise effect on HCC tumorigenesis and progression remains unclear. The present study aimed to characterize stem cell-related gene expression in HCC.Methods: The mRNA expression-based stemness index (mRNAsi) was used to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of HCC patients. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct a gene co-expression network of 374 HCC patients. Finally, six genes were used to construct the prognosis signature.Results: HCC patients had a higher mRNAsi score than healthy people, suggesting poor prognosis. Two gene modules highly related to mRNAsi were identified. Multivariate Cox analysis was carried out to establish a Cox proportional risk regression model. The risk score for each patient was the sum of the product of each gene expression and its coefficient. Survival analysis suggested that the low-risk group had a significantly better prognosis.Conclusions: The established six-gene signature was able to predict patient prognosis accurately. This new signature should be verified in prospective studies in order to determine patient prognosis in clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Liang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Xian Du
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Lei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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16
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Dong RF, Zhuang YJ, Wang Y, Zhang ZY, Xu XZ, Mao YR, Yu JJ. Tumor suppressor miR-192-5p targets TRPM7 and inhibits proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:699-708. [PMID: 34042256 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth highest mortality cancer among women worldwide. Many researchers have discovered the major anticancer role of miR-192-5p. However, no study has revealed the effect of miR-192-5p on cervical cancer and its molecular mechanism. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the role of miR-192-5p in proliferation, invasion of cervical cancer, and its regulatory mechanism. Firstly, the expression level of miR-192-5p was examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8 analysis was applied to detect the proliferation of transfected Caski and SiHa cells. Flow cytometry assay was applied to detect the apoptosis of transfected Caski and SiHa cells. Our result showed that miR-192-5p restrained cervical cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Then we employed wound healing and transwell assays to analyze the migration and invasion abilities of Caski and SiHa cells in vitro. The results showed that miR-192-5p had an inhibitory effect on cervical cancer migration and invasion. The results of in vivo experiment demonstrated that miR-192-5p also inhibited tumor development in nude mice. We further detected that the binding of transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) to miR-192-5p using bioinformatic methods and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, we found that TRPM7 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-192-5p on proliferation, migration, and invasion on cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study revealed that miR-192-5p performs an inhibitory role in cervical cancer proliferation and invasion by targeting TRPM7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Fan Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong-Ju Zhuang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xi-Zhong Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yu-Rong Mao
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Jin Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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17
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Kapsner LA, Zavgorodnij MG, Majorova SP, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Kolychev OV, Lebedev IN, Hoheisel JD, Hartmann A, Bauer A, Mate S, Prokosch HU, Haller F, Moskalev EA. BiasCorrector: Fast and accurate correction of all types of experimental biases in quantitative DNA methylation data derived by different technologies. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:1150-1165. [PMID: 33997972 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of DNA methylation in neoplastic cells is crucial both from mechanistic and diagnostic perspectives. However, such measurements are prone to different experimental biases. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) bias results in an unequal recovery of methylated and unmethylated alleles at the sample preparation step. Post-PCR biases get introduced additionally by the readout processes. Correcting the biases is more practicable than optimising experimental conditions, as demonstrated previously. However, utilisation of our earlier developed algorithm strongly necessitates automation. Here, we present two R packages: rBiasCorrection, the core algorithms to correct biases; and BiasCorrector, its web-based graphical user interface frontend. The software detects and analyses experimental biases in calibration DNA samples at a single base resolution by using cubic polynomial and hyperbolic regression. The correction coefficients from the best regression type are employed to compensate for the bias. Three common technologies-bisulphite pyrosequencing, next-generation sequencing and oligonucleotide microarrays-were used to comprehensively test BiasCorrector. We demonstrate the accuracy of BiasCorrector's performance and reveal technology-specific PCR- and post-PCR biases. BiasCorrector effectively eliminates biases regardless of their nature, locus, the number of interrogated methylation sites and the detection method, thus representing a user-friendly tool for producing accurate epigenetic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz A Kapsner
- Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mikhail G Zavgorodnij
- Functional Analysis and Operational Equations, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Svetlana P Majorova
- Higher Mathematics and Physical Mathematical Modelling, Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Omics IT and Data Management Core Facility, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oleg V Kolychev
- Research Center, Zhukovsky-Gagarin Academy, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Igor N Lebedev
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mate
- Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Prokosch
- Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Haller
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Moskalev
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Hussen BM, Hidayat HJ, Salihi A, Sabir DK, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. MicroRNA: A signature for cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111528. [PMID: 33770669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally control expression of genes by targeting mRNAs. miRNA alterations partake in the establishment and progression of different types of human cancer. Consequently, expression profiling of miRNA in human cancers has correlations with cancer detection, staging, progression, and response to therapies. Particularly, amplification, deletion, abnormal pattern of epigenetic factors and the transcriptional factors that mediate regulation of primary miRNA frequently change the landscape of miRNA expression in cancer. Indeed, changes in the quantity and quality of miRNAs are associated with the initiation of cancer, its progression and metastasis. Additionally, miRNA profiling has been used to categorize genes that can affect oncogenic pathways in cancer. Here, we discuss several circulating miRNA signatures, their expression profiles in different types of cancer and their impacts on cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Dana K Sabir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Charmo University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Wang T, Li W, Li H, Li W. Dysregulation of exosomal miR-192 and miR-194 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:1561-1568. [PMID: 33732041 PMCID: PMC7938118 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main reason of cancer linked mortality and around 80% of cases diagnosed in advanced stage. Therefore current study designed to evaluate the deregulation of miRNA-194 and miRNA-192 in different body fluid of Non small cell lung cancer participants. Present study recruited newly diagnosed histopathologically confirmed. It was observed that the 40% NSCLC participants showed elevated miR-194 expression and 60% NSCLC participants showed reduced miR-194 expression in serum sample while in Bronchial wash, only 20% NSCLC participants showed elevated miR-194 expression while 80% showed reduced miR-194 expression (p = 0.003). It was found that the 54% NSCLC participants showed elevated miR-192 expression and 55% NSCLC participants showed reduced miR-192 expression in serum sample while In Bronchial wash sample, only 25% NSCLC participants showed high miR-192 expression while 75% showed low miR-192 expression (P = 0.0004). Expression of miR-194 was significantly associated with TNM stages (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), distant organ metastases (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), pathological grade (p = 0.0009, p = 0.0005) among serum sample and bronchial wash sample. Same observation was found with expression of miR-192 and it was significantly associated with TNM stages (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), distant organ metastases (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), pathological grade (p = 0.006, p = 0.001) among serum sample and bronchial wash sample. It was observed that the NSCLC participants who had high serum based miR-194 expression showed 22 months of overall median survival while low expression of serum based miR-194 expression showed 18 months of overall median survival. Present study suggests that decreased expression of miR-194 and miR-192 was significantly associated with different clinical features of NSCLC cases. However, significantly higher number of NSCLC cases showed low expression of miR-194 and miR-192 in bronchial lavage sample. Decreased poor overall survival was found to be associated with bronchial wash sample with respect to low miR-194 and miR-192 expression while NSCLC participants showed better overall survival with high miR-194 and miR-192 expression. This suggested decreased expression of miR-192 and miR-194 expression could be the potential prognostic marker among NSCLC participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongfei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xi’an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710018, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Oncology, Xi’an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710018, China
| | - Weina Li
- Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
- Corresponding author.
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20
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Zhou J, Cui X, Xiao F, Cai G. A Cluster-Based Approach for Identifying Prognostic microRNA Signatures in Digestive System Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1529. [PMID: 33546390 PMCID: PMC7913556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death all over the world. Aberrant expression of miRNA has shown diagnostic and prognostic value in many kinds of cancer. This study aims to provide a novel strategy to identify reliable miRNA signatures and develop improved cancer prognostic models from reported cancer-associated miRNAs. We proposed a new cluster-based approach to identify distinct cluster(s) of cancers and corresponding miRNAs. Further, with samples from TCGA and other independent studies, we identified prognostic markers and validated their prognostic value in prediction models. We also performed KEGG pathway analysis to investigate the functions of miRNAs associated with the cancer cluster of interest. A distinct cluster with 28 cancers and 146 associated miRNAs was identified. This cluster was enriched by digestive system cancers. Further, we screened out 8 prognostic miRNA signatures for STAD, 5 for READ, 18 for PAAD, 24 for LIHC, 12 for ESCA and 18 for COAD. These identified miRNA signatures demonstrated strong abilities in discriminating the overall survival time between high-risk group and low-risk group (p-value < 0.05) in both TCGA training and test datasets, as well as four independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validation datasets. We also demonstrated that these cluster-based miRNA signatures are superior to signatures identified in single cancers for prognosis. Our study identified significant miRNA signatures with improved prognosis accuracy in digestive system cancers. It also provides a novel method/strategy for cancer prognostic marker selection and offers valuable methodological directions to similar research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (J.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiang Cui
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (J.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Feifei Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Guoshuai Cai
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (J.Z.); (X.C.)
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21
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Khan IA, Rashid S, Singh N, Rashid S, Singh V, Gunjan D, Das P, Dash NR, Pandey RM, Chauhan SS, Gupta S, Saraya A. Panel of serum miRNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2824. [PMID: 33531550 PMCID: PMC7854650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-stage diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is difficult due to non-specific symptoms. Circulating miRNAs in body fluids have been emerging as potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of many cancers. Thus, this study aimed to assess a panel of miRNAs for their ability to differentiate PDAC from chronic pancreatitis (CP), a benign inflammatory condition of the pancreas. Next-generation sequencing was performed to identify miRNAs present in 60 FFPE tissue samples (27 PDAC, 23 CP and 10 normal pancreatic tissues). Four up-regulated miRNAs (miR-215-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-181a-2-3p) and four down-regulated miRNAs (miR-30b-5p, miR-216b-5p, miR-320b, and miR-214-5p) in PDAC compared to CP were selected based on next-generation sequencing results. The levels of these 8 differentially expressed miRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR in 125 serum samples (50 PDAC, 50 CP, and 25 healthy controls (HC)). The results showed significant upregulation of miR-215-5p, miR-122-5p, and miR-192-5p in PDAC serum samples. In contrast, levels of miR-30b-5p and miR-320b were significantly lower in PDAC as compared to CP and HC. ROC analysis showed that these 5 miRNAs can distinguish PDAC from both CP and HC. Hence, this panel can serve as a non-invasive biomarker for the early detection of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Safoora Rashid
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Sumaira Rashid
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Vishwajeet Singh
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Gunjan
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Dash
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra Mohan Pandey
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam Singh Chauhan
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
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22
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The Role of MicroRNAs in Thrombosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1339:409-414. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78787-5_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Ni J, Tian W, Liang S, Wang H, Ren Y. Promoter Methylation-mediated Silencing of the MiR-192-5p Promotes Endometrial Cancer Progression by Targeting ALX1. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2510-2520. [PMID: 34104082 PMCID: PMC8176185 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.58954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic regulation by promoter methylation-mediated silencing of cancer-related microRNAs plays vital roles in tumorigenesis. MiR-192-5p promotes tumor progression in various human cancers with conflicting biological effects. However, its expression levels and biological functions in endometrial carcinoma (EC) have not been reported. Methods: The methylation status of miR-192-5p in tissue samples and cell lines, was examined using bisulfite sequencing PCR. miR-192-5p expression was also measured. EC cell lines transfected with specifically designed vectors overexpressing miR-192-5p, its target gene ALX1 or both, were constructed. Tumorigenicity of these cell lines were examined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Dual-luciferase reporter assay were employed to verify the target of miR-192-5p. Results: The promoter region of miR-192-5p gene was highly methylated and its expression significantly repressed in EC samples. Moreover, a higher level of promoter methylation as well as a lower expression of miR-192-5p, was significantly associated with advanced Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and shorter disease-free survival in patients with curatively resected EC. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-192-5p overexpression inhibited in vitro tumor progression, in vivo tumorigenicity and the expression of several oncoproteins that was highly related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. ALX1 was verified as a direct target of miR-192-5p and demonstrated to mediate the tumor-suppressive function of miR-192-5p. Conclusion: miR-192-5p is a tumor suppressor miRNA that is epigenetically silenced by promoter methylation and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiao Ni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Tian
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanhui Liang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulan Ren
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Agarwal S, Behring M, Kim H, Chandrashekar DS, Chakravarthi BVSK, Gupta N, Bajpai P, Elkholy A, Al Diffalha S, Datta PK, Heslin MJ, Varambally S, Manne U. TRIP13 promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer regardless of p53 and microsatellite instability status. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:3007-3029. [PMID: 33037736 PMCID: PMC7718953 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of TRIP13, a member of the AAA-ATPase family, is linked with various cancers, but its role in metastasis is unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC). In the current study, we investigated the role TRIP13 in experimental metastasis and its involvement in regulation of WNT/β-catenin and EGFR signaling pathways. Evaluation of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and frozen tissues of adenomas and CRCs, along with their corresponding normal samples, showed that TRIP13 was gradually increased in its phenotypic expression from adenoma to carcinoma and that its overexpression in CRCs was independent of patient's gender, age, race/ethnicity, pathologic stage, and p53 and microsatellite instability (MSI) status. Moreover, liver metastases of CRCs showed TRIP13 overexpression as compared to matched adjacent liver tissues, indicating the biological relevance of TRIP13 in CRC progression and metastasis. TRIP13 knockdown impeded colony formation, invasion, motility, and spheroid-forming capacity of CRC cells irrespective of their p53 and MSI status. Furthermore, xenograft studies demonstrated high expression of TRIP13 contributed to tumor growth and metastasis. Depletion of TRIP13 in CRC cells decreased metastasis and it was independent of the p53 and MSI status. Furthermore, TRIP13 interacted with a tyrosine kinase, FGFR4; this interaction could be essential for activation of the EGFR-AKT pathway. In addition, we demonstrated the involvement of TRIP13 in the Wnt signaling pathway and in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell-based assays revealed that miR-192 and PNPT1 regulate TRIP13 expression in CRC. Additionally, RNA sequencing of CRC cells with TRIP13 knockdown identified COL6A3, TREM2, SHC3, and KLK7 as downstream targets that may have functional relevance in TRIP13-mediated tumor growth and metastasis. In summary, our results demonstrated that TRIP13 promotes tumor growth and metastasis regardless of p53 and MSI status, and indicated that it is a target for therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Agarwal
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Michael Behring
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Hyung‐Gyoon Kim
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | | | | | - Nirzari Gupta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Prachi Bajpai
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Amr Elkholy
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | | | - Pran K. Datta
- Division of Hematology and OncologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Martin J. Heslin
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
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25
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Ariston Gabriel AN, Wang F, Jiao Q, Yvette U, Yang X, Al-Ameri SA, Du L, Wang YS, Wang C. The involvement of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:132. [PMID: 32854710 PMCID: PMC7450552 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
At the moment, pancreatic cancer is among the deadliest gastrointestinal diseases, and pancreatic cancer growth is a complex biological process that is based on different kinds of genes. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins, they act as the most prominent mediator of intercellular communication, and they regulate, instruct, and re-educate their surrounding microenvironment and target specific organs. Due to accumulative evidence proved that exosomes are involved in metastasis, cell proliferation, EMT, angiogenesis, and TME of pancreatic cancer, exosomes are crucial potential candidates to detect pancreatic cancer early. This review aims to convey the current understanding of the main functions employed by exosomes in early diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abakundana Nsenga Ariston Gabriel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinlian Jiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, People's Republic of China
| | - Umwali Yvette
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Samed Ahmed Al-Ameri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Shan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Liu J, Zhu C, Zhang L, Lu H, Wang Z, Lv J, Fan C. MicroRNA-1469-5p promotes the invasion and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells via direct regulating the NDRG1/NF-κB/E-cadherin axis. Hum Cell 2020; 33:1176-1185. [PMID: 32757096 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) were highly involved in pancreatic cancer development. However, the functional roles of many miRNAs remain elusive in pancreatic cancer. In the present study, we analyzed previous published microarray data and found that miR-1469-5p was one of top upregulated miRNAs in pancreatic tumors. Our further study showed that miR-1469-5p was highly expressed in collected pancreatic tumors and its upregulation was associated with lymph node metastasis and tumors of advanced TNM stage. Functional analysis with miR-1469-5p inhibitor showed that downregulation of miR-1469-5p repressed pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Mechanistically, miR-1469-5p directly interacted with metastasis suppressor NDRG1 mRNA and downregulated expression of NDRG1 to activate NF-κB pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. It was also found that miR-1469-5p decreased expression of E-cadherin, a metastasis related gene repressed by NF-κB pathway, in pancreatic cancer cells. Transfection of NDRG1 small interference RNA (siRNA) attenuated the function of miR-1469-5p inhibitor in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, miR-1469-5p expression was negatively associated with NDRG1 and E-cadherin mRNA levels in pancreatic tumors. Taken together, miR-1469-5p may exert its oncogenic potential in pancreatic cancer via regulating a NDRG1/NF-κB/E-cadherin axis, suggesting that it may be clinically valuable as a prognostic biomarker of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Chaoyu Zhu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmei Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Changru Fan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.
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27
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Flammang I, Reese M, Yang Z, Eble JA, Dhayat SA. Tumor-Suppressive miR-192-5p Has Prognostic Value in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061693. [PMID: 32630552 PMCID: PMC7352756 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by fast tumor progression and diagnosis at advanced, inoperable stages. Previous studies could demonstrate an involvement of miR-192-5p in epigenetic regulation of visceral carcinomas. Due to contradictory results, however, the clinical utility of miR-192-5p in PDAC has yet to be determined. MiR-192-5p expression was analyzed by RT-qRT-PCR in human PDAC and benign tissue (n = 78), blood serum (n = 81) and serum exosomes (n = 74), as well as in PDAC cell lines (n = 5), chemoresistant cell clones (n = 2), and pancreatic duct cell line H6c7. Analysis of EMT-associated (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) proteins was performed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. MiR-192-5p was deregulated in PDAC as compared to healthy controls (HCs), with downregulation in macrodissected tissue (p < 0.001) and upregulation in blood serum of PDAC UICC (Union for International Cancer Control) stage IV (p = 0.016) and serum exosomes of PDAC UICC stages II to IV (p < 0.001). MiR-192-5p expression in tumor tissue was significantly lower as compared to corresponding peritumoral tissue (PDAC UICC stage II: p < 0.001; PDAC UICC stage III: p = 0.024), while EMT markers ZEB1 and ZEB2 were more frequently expressed in tumor tissue as compared to peritumoral tissue, HCs, and chronic pancreatitis. Tissue-derived (AUC of 0.86; p < 0.0001) and exosomal (AUC of 0.83; p = 0.0004) miR-192-5p could differentiate between PDAC and HCs with good accuracy. Furthermore, high expression of miR-192-5p in PDAC tissue of curatively resected PDAC patients correlated with prolonged overall and recurrence-free survival in multivariate analysis. In vitro, miR-192-5p was downregulated in gemcitabine-resistant cell clones of AsPC-1 (p = 0.029). Transient transfection of MIA PaCa-2 cells with miR-192-5p mimic resulted in downregulation of ZEB2. MiR-192-5p seems to possess a tumor-suppressive role and high potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Flammang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 (W1), 48149 Muenster, Germany; (I.F.); (M.R.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Moritz Reese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 (W1), 48149 Muenster, Germany; (I.F.); (M.R.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zixuan Yang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 (W1), 48149 Muenster, Germany; (I.F.); (M.R.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Johannes A. Eble
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Sameer A. Dhayat
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 (W1), 48149 Muenster, Germany; (I.F.); (M.R.); (Z.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-83-51402
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Huebner K, Procházka J, Monteiro AC, Mahadevan V, Schneider-Stock R. The activating transcription factor 2: an influencer of cancer progression. Mutagenesis 2020; 34:375-389. [PMID: 31799611 PMCID: PMC6923166 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the continuous increase in survival rates for many cancer entities, colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic cancer are predicted to be ranked among the top 3 cancer-related deaths in the European Union by 2025. Especially, fighting metastasis still constitutes an obstacle to be overcome in CRC and pancreatic cancer. As described by Fearon and Vogelstein, the development of CRC is based on sequential mutations leading to the activation of proto-oncogenes and the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. In pancreatic cancer, genetic alterations also attribute to tumour development and progression. Recent findings have identified new potentially important transcription factors in CRC, among those the activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2). ATF2 is a basic leucine zipper protein and is involved in physiological and developmental processes, as well as in tumorigenesis. The mutation burden of ATF2 in CRC and pancreatic cancer is rather negligible; however, previous studies in other tumours indicated that ATF2 expression level and subcellular localisation impact tumour progression and patient prognosis. In a tissue- and stimulus-dependent manner, ATF2 is activated by upstream kinases, dimerises and induces target gene expression. Dependent on its dimerisation partner, ATF2 homodimers or heterodimers bind to cAMP-response elements or activator protein 1 consensus motifs. Pioneering work has been performed in melanoma in which the dual role of ATF2 is best understood. Even though there is increasing interest in ATF2 recently, only little is known about its involvement in CRC and pancreatic cancer. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of the underestimated ‘cancer gene chameleon’ ATF2 in apoptosis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and microRNA regulation and highlight its functions in CRC and pancreatic cancer. We further provide a novel ATF2 3D structure with key phosphorylation sites and an updated overview of all so-far available mouse models to study ATF2 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Huebner
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Procházka
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ana C Monteiro
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vijayalakshmi Mahadevan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bangalore, India
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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29
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Zhao F, Wei C, Cui MY, Xia QQ, Wang SB, Zhang Y. Prognostic value of microRNAs in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9380-9404. [PMID: 32420903 PMCID: PMC7288910 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic impact of microRNA (miRNA) expression levels in pancreatic cancer (PC) has been estimated for years, but the outcomes are controversial and heterogeneous. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed the evidence collected on miRNA expression in PC to determine this effect. RESULTS PC patients with high miR-21 (HR=2.61, 95%CI=1.68-4.04), miR-451a (HR=2.23, 95%CI=1.23-4.04) or miR-1290 (HR=1.43, 95%CI=1.04-1.95) levels in blood had significantly poorer OS (P<0.05). Furthermore, PC patients with high miR-10b (HR=1.73, 95%CI=1.09-2.76), miR-17-5p (HR=1.91, 95%CI=1.30-2.80), miR-21 (HR=1.90, 95%CI=1.61-2.25), miR-23a (HR=2.18, 95%CI=1.52-3.13), miR-155 (HR=2.22, 95%CI=1.27-3.88), miR-203 (HR=1.65, 95%CI=1.14-2.40), miR-221 (HR=1.72, 95%CI=1.08-2.74), miR-222 levels (HR=1.72, 95%CI=1.02-2.91) or low miR-29c (HR=1.39, 95%CI=1.08-1.79), miR-126 (HR=1.55, 95%CI=1.23-1.95), miR-218 (HR=2.62, 95%CI=1.41-4.88) levels in tissues had significantly shorter OS (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In summary, blood miR-21, miR-451a, miR-1290 and tissue miR-10b, miR-17-5p, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-29c, miR-126, miR-155, miR-203, miR-218, miR-221, miR-222 had significant prognostic value. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to recognize eligible studies, and 57 studies comprising 5445 PC patients and 15 miRNAs were included to evaluate the associations between miRNA expression levels and overall survival (OS) up to June 1, 2019. Summary hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- , Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Wei
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Meng-Ying Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiang-Qiang Xia
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Shuai-Bin Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Trifonova EA, Popovich AA, Bocharova AV, Vagaitseva KV, Stepanov VA. The Role of Natural Selection in the Formation of the Genetic Structure of Populations by SNP Markers in Association with Body Mass Index and Obesity. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Tavakolian S, Goudarzi H, Faghihloo E. Evaluating the expression level of miR-9-5p and miR-192-5p in gastrointestinal cancer: introducing novel screening biomarkers for patients. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:226. [PMID: 32307002 PMCID: PMC7168809 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been indicated that there is a tight association between cancer and different factors, such as environment and genetics, including aberrantly expressed microRNAs. The crucial role of microRNAs in the regulation of diverse signaling pathways in gastrointestinal cancer has been established in several studies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of microRNA-9 and -192 in colon and gastric cancers. After extracting the RNA from tissues and serum samples of patients, suffering from colon and gastric cancer, cDNA was synthesized. Then by performing quantitative real-time PCR, we evaluated the expression level of miR-9-5p and miR-192-5p in collected samples. RESULTS Unlike to colon cancer in which the expression level of miR-9-5p remained unchanged, the relative expression of this miRNA decreased remarkably in gastric cancer (with P value < 0.05), in comparison with normal adjacent tissues. In agreement with this finding, we also found that the expression level of miR-192-5p was decreased in gastric cancer tissues, compared to normal gastric tissue. Given the reduction in the expression level of miR-9-5p and miR-192-5p in gastric cancer, it could be postulated to consider these miRNAs as promising diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaian Tavakolian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 37517, Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 37517, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 37517, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Zhu L, Wang X. A Network-Based Approach for Identification of Subtype-Specific Master Regulators in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020155. [PMID: 32024063 PMCID: PMC7074188 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the predominant subtype of pancreatic cancer, has been reported with equal mortality and incidence for decades. The lethality of PDAC is largely due to its late presentation, when surgical resection is no longer an option. Similar to other major malignancies, it is now clear that PDAC is not a single disease, posing a great challenge to precise selection of patients for optimized adjuvant therapy. A representative study found that PDAC comprises four distinct molecular subtypes: squamous, pancreatic progenitor, immunogenic, and aberrantly differentiated endocrine exocrine (ADEX). However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying specific PDAC subtypes, hampering the design of novel targeted agents. In this study we performed network inference that integrates miRNA expression and gene expression profiles to dissect the miRNA regulatory mechanism specific to the most aggressive squamous subtype of PDAC. Master regulatory analysis revealed that the particular subtype of PDAC is predominantly influenced by miR-29c and miR-192. Further integrative analysis found miR-29c target genes LOXL2, ADAM12 and SERPINH1, which all showed strong association with prognosis. Furthermore, we have preliminarily revealed that the PDAC cell lines with high expression of these miRNA target genes showed significantly lower sensitivities to multiple anti-tumor drugs. Together, our integrative analysis elucidated the squamous subtype-specific regulatory mechanism, and identified master regulatory miRNAs and their downstream genes, which are potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3442-2367
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TP53/miR-34a-associated signaling targets SERPINE1 expression in human pancreatic cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2777-2797. [PMID: 31986125 PMCID: PMC7041729 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease of aging. The TP53 gene product regulates cell growth, aging, and cancer. To determine the important targets of TP53 in PDAC, we examined the expression of 440 proteins on a reverse phase protein array (RPPA) in PDAC-derived MIA-PaCa-2 cells which either had WT-TP53 or lacked WT-TP53. MIA-PaCa-2 cells have a TP53 mutation as well as mutant KRAS and represent a good in vitro model to study PDAC. RPPA analysis demonstrated expression of tumor promoting proteins in cells that lacked WT-TP53; and this feature could be reversed significantly when the cells were transfected with vector encoding WT-TP53 or treated with berberine or a modified berberine (BBR). Expression of miR-34a-associated signaling was elevated in cells expressing WT-TP53 compared to cells expressing mTP53. Results from in vivo studies using human PDAC specimens confirmed the in vitro results as the expression of miR-34a and associated signaling was significantly decreased in PDAC specimens compared to non-cancerous tissues. This study determined SERPINE1 as a miR-34a target with relevance to the biology of PDAC. Thus, we have identified a key target (SERPINE1) of the TP53/miR-34a axis that may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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Tavakolian S, Goudarzi H, Torfi F, Faghihloo E. Evaluation of microRNA-9 and -192 expression levels as biomarkers in patients suffering from breast cancer. Biomed Rep 2019; 12:30-34. [PMID: 31839947 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the global outbreak of breast cancer and its debilitating effect on women's health, it is not surprising that tremendous efforts have been made with an aim of shedding more light on the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this type of cancer. Among the long list of risk factors associated with this malignancy, recently, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) has turned into a hotspot for breast cancer investigations. miRNAs approximately 20 nucleotides in length and are located in either an exon or an intron, playing a role in the regulation of gene expression. In the present study, we extracted RNA from both the serum and cancerous tissue of breast cancer patients and after synthesizing the cDNA, we performed quantitative PCR to determine the expression levels of miR-9 and miR-192. The resulting data revealed that while the mRNA expression level of miR-9 was significantly decreased in the breast cancer tissues, there was no noticeable change in the expression level of this miRNA in the serum samples. Likewise, we found that the marked downregulation of miR-192 was only restricted to the cancerous tissues, but was not found in the serum of patients. Based on the meaningful downregulation of the expression of miR-9 and miR-192, this study provides a plausible framework for these miRNAs as effective biomarkers for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaian Tavakolian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Farhad Torfi
- Surgical Ward, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
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Ma Y, Pu Y, Peng L, Luo X, Xu J, Peng Y, Tang X. Identification of potential hub genes associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma using bioinformatics meta-analysis of multi-platform datasets. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6741-6751. [PMID: 31807183 PMCID: PMC6876339 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant type of cancer with a low five-year survival rate. Gene alterations are crucial to the molecular pathogenesis of PDAC. Therefore, the present study analyzed gene expression profiles to reveal genes involved in the tumorigenesis of PDAC. A total of eight gene expression profiles (GSE15471, GSE16515, GSE41368, GSE62165, GSE62452, GSE71729, GSE71989 and GSE91035) and a PDAC dataset were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using functional annotation, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. A Cox proportional hazards model was then constructed and used to analyze the data. A total of 136 DEGs (67 up- and 69 downregulated genes) were identified between PDAC tissues and normal tissues. The ‘extracellular matrix-related’ genes were the most enriched in the GO term analysis. ‘Pancreatic secretion’, ‘phosphoinositide-3-kinase–protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway’, ‘protein digestion and absorption’ and ‘ECM-receptor interaction’ were the most enriched categories in KEGG pathway analysis. Following PPI network construction, the 10 most significant genes [albumin, epidermal growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9, epidermal growth factor receptor, fibronectin 1, MMP1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) and PLAU receptor) exhibiting a high degree of connectivity, were identified as the hub genes likely to be associated with the pathogenesis of PDAC. In addition, a prognostic predictive system for PDAC, composed of five genes (laminin subunit γ 2, laminin subunit β 3, serpin family B member 5, amphiregulin and secreted frizzled related protein 4), was constructed. This was validated in the GSE62452 dataset (using 66 PDAC samples with outcome data) and TCGA PDAC dataset (using 146 PDAC samples with outcome data). In conclusion, the present study revealed potential hub genes involved in PDAC progression, providing directive significance for individualized clinical decision-making and molecular-targeting therapy in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
| | - Yinquan Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
| | - Xujuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, P.R. China
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Qu X, Han J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Fan H, Hua F, Yao R. TLR4-RelA-miR-30a signal pathway regulates Th17 differentiation during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis development. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:183. [PMID: 31561751 PMCID: PMC6764145 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is well known for activating the innate immune system; however, it is also highly expressed in adaptive immune cells, such as CD4+ T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, which play a key role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. However, the function and governing mechanism of TLR4 in Th17 remain unclear. Methods The changes of TLR4 in CD4+ T cells from MS patients and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice were tested. TLR4-deficient (TLR4−/−) naïve T cells were induced in vitro and transferred into Rag1−/− mice to measure Th17 differentiation and EAE pathology. DNA sequence analyses combining with deletion fragments and mutation analyses, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) were used to explore the mechanism of TLR4 signaling pathway in regulating Th17 differentiation. Results The levels of TLR4 were increased in CD4+ Th17 cells both from MS patients and EAE mice, as well as during Th17 differentiation in vitro. TLR4−/− CD4+ naïve T cells inhibited their differentiation into Th17, and transfer of TLR4−/− CD4+ naïve T cells into Rag1−/− mice was defective in promoting EAE, characterized by less demyelination and Th17 infiltration in the spinal cord. TLR4 signal enhanced Th17 differentiation by activating RelA, downregulating the expression of miR-30a, a negative regulator of Th17 differentiation. Inhibition of RelA activity increased miR-30a level, but decreased Th17 differentiation rate. Furthermore, RelA directly regulated the expression of miR-30a via specific binding to a conserved element of miR-30a gene. Conclusions TLR4−/− CD4+ naïve T cells are inadequate in differentiating to Th17 cells both in vitro and in vivo. TLR4-RelA-miR-30a signal pathway regulates Th17 differentiation via direct binding of RelA to the regulatory element of miR-30a gene. Our results indicate modulating TLR4-RelA-miR-30a signal in Th17 may be a therapeutic target for Th17-mediated neurodegeneration in neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebin Qu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqi Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Hua
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Neurological Diseases of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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V Subramaniam A, Yehya AHS, Cheng WK, Wang X, Oon CE. Epigenetics: The master control of endothelial cell fate in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 232:116652. [PMID: 31302197 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature is called angiogenesis. The growth of tumors depends on a network of supplying vessels that provide them with oxygen and nutrients. Pro-angiogenic factors that are secreted by tumors will trigger the sprouting of nearby existing blood vessels towards themselves and therefore researchers have developed targeted therapy towards these pro-angiogenic proteins to inhibit angiogenesis. However, certain pro-angiogenic proteins tend to bypass the inhibition. Thus, instead of targeting these expressed proteins, research towards angiogenesis inhibition had been focused on a deeper scale, epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are a heritable change in a sequence of stable but reversible gene function modification yet do not affect the DNA primary sequence directly. Methylation of DNA, modification of histone and silencing of micro-RNA (miRNA)-associated gene are currently considered to initiate and sustain epigenetic changes. Recent findings on the subject matter have provided an insight into the mechanism of epigenetic modifications, thus this review aims to present an update on the latest studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayappa V Subramaniam
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Ashwaq Hamid Salem Yehya
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Wei Kang Cheng
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore 138632, Singapore; Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Chern Ein Oon
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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Xiao Y. Construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network to explore the pathogenesis and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:394-406. [PMID: 31232492 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies focusing on circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been published. However, a large number of circRNAs remain to be explored. This study was designed to discover new circRNAs and investigate their potential roles in the pathogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS A combination of gene chip analysis and bioinformatic methods was utilized to reveal new circRNAs and their possible mechanisms in PDAC. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was established based on the results of differential analyses and interaction predictions. Promising drugs for treating PDAC were determined by connectivity map (CMap) analysis. RESULTS Expression profile data were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and integration of differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) from two gene chips using the RobustRankAggreg method revealed 10 DECs. The microRNA (miRNA) response elements of these 10 DECs were predicted. The predicted miRNAs and differentially expressed miRNAs were intersected, and 12 overlapping miRNAs were acquired. Next, 2908 miRNA target mRNAs and 1187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PDAC were identified and combined, revealing 118 overlapping mRNAs. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed with the 118 mRNAs, and four hub genes (CDH1, SERPINE1, IRS1 and FYN) were identified. Using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, survival analyses were conducted for the four hub genes, and SERPINE1 and FYN were found to be significantly associated with PDAC patient survival. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these four hub genes are closely associated with certain cancer-related biological functions and pathways. In addition, CMap analysis based on the four hub genes was performed to screen potential therapeutic agents for PDAC, and three bioactive chemicals (celastrol, 5109870 and MG-132) were discovered. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study further our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of PDAC from the perspective of the circRNA-related competing endogenous RNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwu Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Li X, Dong P, Wei W, Jiang L, Guo S, Huang C, Liu Z, Chen J, Zhou F, Xie D, Liu Z. Overexpression of CEP72 Promotes Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Aggressiveness via Epigenetic CREB-Mediated Induction of SERPINE1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1284-1297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Song M, Sun M, Xia L, Chen W, Yang C. miR-19b-3p promotes human pancreatic cancer Capan-2 cells proliferation by targeting phosphatase and tension homolog. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:236. [PMID: 31317006 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.04.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is a common cancer with a poor prognosis and an increasing morbidity. miR-19b-3p has been implicated in some cancers, however, its role in pancreatic cancer is unclear. Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-2 cells were transfected with miR-19b-3p mimic and inhibitor. Cell proliferation was measured by 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining assays. Cell cycle of Capan-2 cells was examined by flow cytometry. The expression of phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN) was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting analysis. Functional rescue experiments were performed through PTEN overexpression and miR-19b-3p mimic by using EdU staining assays. Results miR-19b-3p mimic significantly increased miR-19b-3p while miR-19b-3p inhibitor decreased that. EdU staining showed that miR-19b-3p overexpression promoted Capan-2 cells proliferation while miR-19b-3p inhibition decreased that. Flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle indicated that miR-19b-3p overexpression increased the percentage of Capan-2 cells in S phase while miR-19b-3p inhibition decreased that. PTEN was confirmed to be a target gene of miR-19b-3p and PTEN overexpression eliminated the pro-proliferation effects of miR-19b-3p in Capan-2 cells. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that miR-19b-3p promotes Capan-2 cells proliferation by targeting PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Song
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Mengxue Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lu Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
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Development of a rapid and sensitivity magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay for DNA methyltransferase 1 in human serum. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Liu WJ, Zhou L, Liang ZY, Zhou WX, You L, Zhang TP, Zhao YP. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 as a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2947-2952. [PMID: 30539907 PMCID: PMC6302640 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.247211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) was previously established to impact several phenotypes in many kinds of cancer, including pancreatic cancer. However, its prognostic significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) needs support of further evidence. This study was designed to address the issue. Methods PAI-1 expression was detected by tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical staining in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from 93 PDAC patients with surgical resection from September 2004 to December 2008. Its relationships with clinicopathologic variables and tumor-specific survival (TSS) were further evaluated using Chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, log-rank, as well as Cox regression analyses. Results Expression of PAI-1 was much higher in tumor than that in nontumor tissues, based on comparison of all samples and 74 matched ones (95 [47.5, 180] vs. 80 [45, 95], Z = -2.439, P = 0.015 and 100 [46.9, 182.5] vs. 80 [45, 95], Z = -2.594, P = 0.009, respectively). In addition, tumoral PAI-1 expression was positively associated with N stage (22/35 for N1 vs. 21/51 for N0, χ2 = 3.903, P = 0.048). Univariate analyses showed that TSS of patients with high PAI-1 tumors was significantly poorer than that of those with low PAI-1 tumors (log rank value = 19.00, P < 0.0001). In multivariate Cox regression test, PAI-1 expression was identified as an independent predictor for long-term prognosis of resectable PDAC (hazard ratio = 2.559, 95% confidence interval = 1.499-4.367, P = 0.001). Conclusion These results suggest that expression of PAI-1 is upregulated in PDAC and might serve as a poor prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei-Xun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tai-Ping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu-Pei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Regulation of miRNAs by Snail during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in HT29 colon cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2165. [PMID: 30770873 PMCID: PMC6377707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells, represents early stages of metastasis and is a promising target in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. There have been many attempts to identify markers and key pathways induced throughout EMT but the process is complex and depends on the cancer type and tumour microenvironment. Here we used the colon cancer cell line HT29, which stably overexpressed Snail, the key transcription factor in early EMT, as a model for colorectal adenocarcinoma cells with a pro-metastatic phenotype. We investigated miRNA expression regulation during that phenotypic switching. We found that overexpression of Snail in HT29 cells triggered significant changes in individual miRNA levels but did not change the global efficiency of miRNA processing. Snail abundance repressed the expression of miR-192 and miR-194 and increased miR-205, let-7i and SNORD13 levels. These identified changes correlated with the reported transcriptomic alterations in Snail-overexpressing HT29 cells. We also investigated how Snail affected the miRNA content of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from HT29 cells. Our data suggest that the presence of Snail significantly alters the complex mRNA/miRNA interactions in the early steps of metastasis and also has an impact on the content of EVs released from HT29 cells.
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Abstract
Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The pathogenesis of blood coagulation activation in oncological patients is complex and involves both clinical and biological factors. Abnormalities in one or more coagulation test are common in cancer patients, even without thrombotic manifestations, indicating an ongoing hypercoagulable condition. Moreover, venous thromboembolism (VTE) can be the first symptom of an occult malignancy in an otherwise healthy individual. The levels of laboratory markers of activation of blood coagulation parallel the development of malignancy, being the coagulant mechanisms important for both thrombogenesis and tumor progression. Besides general clinical risk factors for VTE, also disease-specific clinical factors, i.e., type and stage of the tumor, and anticancer therapies increase the thrombotic risk in these patients. Furthermore, biological factors, including the cancer cell-specific prothrombotic properties together with the host cell inflammatory response to the tumor, are relevant as well as unique players in the pathogenesis of the cancer-associated hypercoagulability. Cancer cells produce and release procoagulant and fibrinolytic proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and procoagulant microparticles. They also express adhesion molecules binding to the receptors of host vascular cells (i.e., endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes), thereby stimulating the prothrombotic properties of these normal cells, including the shed of cell-specific microparticles and neutrophil extracellular traps. Of interest, several genes responsible for the cellular neoplastic transformation drive the programs of hemostatic properties expressed by cancer tissues. A better understanding of such mechanisms will help the development of novel strategies to prevent and treat the Trousseau's syndrome (i.e., cancer-associated thrombosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Falanga
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
- University of Milan Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy.
| | - Francesca Schieppati
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Russo
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
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Gu Y, Wei X, Sun Y, Gao H, Zheng X, Wong LL, Jin L, Liu N, Hernandez B, Peplowska K, Zhao X, Zhan QM, Feng XH, Tang ZY, Ji J. miR-192-5p Silencing by Genetic Aberrations Is a Key Event in Hepatocellular Carcinomas with Cancer Stem Cell Features. Cancer Res 2018; 79:941-953. [PMID: 30530815 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Various cancer stem cell (CSC) biomarkers have been identified for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but little is known about the implications of heterogeneity and shared molecular networks within the CSC population. Through miRNA profile analysis in an HCC cohort (n = 241) for five groups of CSC+ HCC tissues, i.e., EpCAM+, CD90+, CD133+, CD44+, and CD24+ HCC, we identified a 14-miRNA signature commonly altered among these five groups of CSC+ HCC. miR-192-5p, the top-ranked CSC miRNA, was liver-abundant and -specific and markedly downregulated in all five groups of CSC+ HCC from two independent cohorts (n = 613). Suppressing miR-192-5p in HCC cells significantly increased multiple CSC populations and CSC-related features through targeting PABPC4. Both TP53 mutation and hypermethylation of the mir-192 promoter impeded transcriptional activation of miR-192-5p in HCC cell lines and primary CSC+ HCC. This study reveals the circuit from hypermethylation of the mir-192 promoter through the increase in PABPC4 as a shared genetic regulatory pathway in various groups of primary CSC+ HCC. This circuit may be the driver that steers liver cells toward hepatic CSC cells, leading to hepatic carcinogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE: miR-192-5p and its regulatory pathway is significantly abolished in multiple groups of HCC expressing high levels of CSC markers, which may represent a key event for hepatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhuo Gu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiyang Wei
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Gao
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Clinical Laboratory, China Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Linda L Wong
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Ling Jin
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Niya Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | | | | | - Xiaohang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Min Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfang Ji
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Tawil N, Chennakrishnaiah S, Bassawon R, Johnson R, D'Asti E, Rak J. Single cell coagulomes as constituents of the oncogene-driven coagulant phenotype in brain tumours. Thromb Res 2018; 164 Suppl 1:S136-S142. [PMID: 29703472 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular profiling of human cancers revealed a startling diversity in disease-causing mechanisms superseding histological and anatomical commonalities. The emerging molecular subtypes and disease entities are often driven by distinct oncogenic pathways and their effectors, including those acting extracellularly on the vascular and coagulation systems. Indeed, several oncogenic mutations such as those affecting protein-coding genes (RAS, EGFR, PTEN, TP53) and non-coding RNA (microRNA) regulate multiple effectors of the coagulation system (coagulome), including tissue factor, protease activated receptors, clotting factors, mediators of platelet function and fibrinolysis. This is exemplified by differential coagulome profiles in the molecular subtypes of glioblastoma, medulloblastoma and other human tumours. There is mounting clinical evidence that the mutational status of cancer driver genes such as KRAS or IDH1 may influence the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with colorectal, lung or brain cancers. Notably, single cell sequencing in glioblastoma revealed a remarkable intra-tumoural heterogeneity of cancer cell populations with regard to their individual coagulomes, suggesting a combinatorial and dynamic nature of the global pro-thrombotic phenotype. We suggest that the cellular complexity of specific cancers may define their mechanisms of interactions with the coagulation system, and the risks of thrombosis. Thus, more biologically- based, disease-specific and personalized approaches may be needed to diagnose and manage cancer-related thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Tawil
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Rayhaan Bassawon
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Radia Johnson
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Esterina D'Asti
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Janusz Rak
- McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Fu Y, Liu X, Chen Q, Liu T, Lu C, Yu J, Miao Y, Wei J. Downregulated miR-98-5p promotes PDAC proliferation and metastasis by reversely regulating MAP4K4. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:130. [PMID: 29970191 PMCID: PMC6029016 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has emerged as important hallmarks of cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the differences of miRNA expression remain unclear. Many studies have reported that miR-98-5p plays vital functions in the development and progression of multiple cancers. However, its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. METHODS The expression of miR-98-5p and its specific target gene were determined in human PDAC specimens and cell lines by miRNA qRT-PCR, qRT-PCR and western blot. The effects of miR-98-5p depletion or ectopic expression on PDAC proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated in vitro using CCK-8 proliferation assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays and transwell assays. Furthermore, the in vivo effects were investigated using the mouse subcutaneous xenotransplantation and pancreatic tail xenotransplantation models. Luciferase reporter assays were employed to identify interactions between miR-98-5p and its specific target gene. RESULTS MiR-98-5p expression was significantly lower in cancerous tissues and associated with tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and survival. Notably, a series of gain- and loss-of-function assays elucidated that miR-98-5p suppressed PDAC cell proliferation, migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays, western blot and qRT-PCR revealed MAP4K4 to be a direct target of miR-98-5p. The effects of ectopic miR-98-5p were rescued by MAP4K4 overexpression. In contrast, the effects of miR-98-5p depletion were impaired by MAP4K4 knockdown. Furthermore, miR-98-5p suppressed the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway through downregulation of MAP4K4. In addition, the expression level of miR-98-5p was negatively correlated with MAP4K4 expression in PDAC tissues and cell lines. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that downregulation of miR-98-5p promotes tumor development by downregulation of MAP4K4 and inhibition of the downstream MAPK/ERK signaling, thus, highlighting the potential of miR-98-5p as a therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fu
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, 68 Gehu Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinchun Liu
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyang Chen
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongtai Liu
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Yi Miao
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jishu Wei
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Klenke S, Eul S, Peters J, Neumann T, Adamzik M, Frey UH. Circulating miR-192 is a prognostic marker in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Future Cardiol 2018; 14:283-289. [DOI: 10.2217/fca-2017-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is characterized by accumulation of p53 causing apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and resulting in upregulation of miRNA (miR)-192, which plays an important role in the development of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. However, for other cardiomyopathies, miR-192 seems to have minor relevance. We tested in a prospective, observational study comprising 91 patients with diagnosed heart failure (59.3% ICM and 40.7% non-ICM), the hypothesis that miR-192 expression predicts survival in patients with ICM. Median follow-up was 59 months (range: 1–118). While miR-192 expression was significantly associated with age (p = 0.028), log-rank analysis revealed significant association with survival in ICM (p = 0.003) but not in non-ICM (p = 0.6). In ICM, median age at time of death was 84 years in patients with low miR-192 expression but 67 years with high miR-192 expression. Thus, miR-192 expression is associated with survival in ICM and represents a prognostic marker in ischemic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Klenke
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin, Universität Duisburg-Essen & Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Eul
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin, Universität Duisburg-Essen & Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Peters
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin, Universität Duisburg-Essen & Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Till Neumann
- Praxis für Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen, Bochum-Wattenscheid, Voedestraße 79, D-44866 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Adamzik
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin, Universität Duisburg-Essen & Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, In der Schornau 55, D-45882 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrich H Frey
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin, Universität Duisburg-Essen & Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
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Zhou X, Lu Z, Wang T, Huang Z, Zhu W, Miao Y. Plasma miRNAs in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer: A miRNA expression analysis. Gene 2018; 673:181-193. [PMID: 29913239 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients may act as a diagnostic biomarker. A four-stage study was performed to identify plasma miRNAs with potential in detecting PC. Exiqon panels (20 PC vs. 10 normal controls (NCs)) were applied in the screening phase to obtain miRNA profiling. The identified miRNAs were further assessed in the training (40 PC vs. 40 NCs) and testing stages (112 PC vs. 116 NCs) with qRT-PCR assays. A six-miRNA signature including up-regulated miR-122-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-193b-3p, miR-221-3p and miR-27b-3p was identified. The signature could accurately discriminate PC patients from NCs with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.848, 0.833 and 0.937 for the training, testing and the external validation stage (41 PC vs. 50 NCs), respectively. The multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that down-regulated plasma miR-125b-5p could predict worse OS independent from late tumor stage and high CA19-9. All the six miRNAs except miR-122-5p showed high expression levels in PC tissues than those in matched normal tissues. MiR-122-5p and miR-193b-3p were up-regulated, while miR-221-3p was down-regulated in plasma exosomes from PC patients. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the miRNAs might involve in several molecular pathways closely related with PC such as p53 signaling pathway, pancreatic cancer, TGF-beta signaling pathway and so on. In conclusion, we identified a six-miRNA signature in plasma which could act as a non-invasive biomarker in diagnosis and prognosis of PC. Plasma miR-125b-5p might act as an independent biomarker in predicting OS of PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Zipeng Lu
- Pancreas Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Huihe Road, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Yi Miao
- Pancreas Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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50
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Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in cancer research. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:83-94. [PMID: 29852393 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[Despite as a major inhibitor of urokinase (uPA), paradoxically,] Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been validated to be highly expressed in various types of tumor biopsy tissues or plasma compared with controls based on huge clinical data bases analysis, more importantly, PAI-1 alone or in conjunction with uPA have been identified as prognostic for disease progression and relapse in certain cancer types. particularly in breast cancer. In addition to play important roles in cell adhesion, migration and invasion, PAI-1 has been reported to induce tumor vascularization and thus promote cell dissemination and tumor metastasis. Furthermore, there are many tumor promoting factors involved in the modulation of PAI-1 expression and activity, which will strengthen the pro-tumorigenic roles of PAI-1. Undoubtedly, PAI-1 may be a promising target for therapeutic intervention of specific cancer treatment. In fact, some PAI-1 inhibitors are currently being evaluated in cancer therapy, which may be developed to new antitumor agents in the future.
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