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Sommariva M, Dolci M, Triulzi T, Ambrogi F, Dugo M, De Cecco L, Le Noci V, Bernardo G, Anselmi M, Montanari E, Pupa SM, Signorini L, Gagliano N, Sfondrini L, Delbue S, Tagliabue E. Impact of in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection on breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13134. [PMID: 38849411 PMCID: PMC11161491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), had severe repercussions for breast cancer patients. Increasing evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection may directly impact breast cancer biology, but the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on breast tumor cells are still unknown. Here, we analyzed the molecular events occurring in the MCF7, MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 breast cancer cell lines, representative of the luminal A, basal B/claudin-low and basal A subtypes, respectively, upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral replication was monitored over time, and gene expression profiling was conducted. We found that MCF7 cells were the most permissive to viral replication. Treatment of MCF7 cells with Tamoxifen reduced the SARS-CoV-2 replication rate, suggesting an involvement of the estrogen receptor in sustaining virus replication in malignant cells. Interestingly, a metagene signature based on genes upregulated by SARS-CoV-2 infection in all three cell lines distinguished a subgroup of premenopausal luminal A breast cancer patients with a poor prognosis. As SARS-CoV-2 still spreads among the population, it is essential to understand the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on breast cancer, particularly in premenopausal patients diagnosed with the luminal A subtype, and to assess the long-term impact of COVID-19 on breast cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Sommariva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Microambiente e Biomarcatori dei Tumori Solidi, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Dolci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Microambiente e Biomarcatori dei Tumori Solidi, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentino Le Noci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarla Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Anselmi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Montanari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Serenella M Pupa
- Microambiente e Biomarcatori dei Tumori Solidi, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Signorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gagliano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Microambiente e Biomarcatori dei Tumori Solidi, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Delbue
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Microambiente e Biomarcatori dei Tumori Solidi, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Ma Y, Kang B, Li S, Xie G, Bi J, Li F, An G, Liu B, Li J, Shen Y, Xu X, Yang H, Yang Y, Gu Y, Wu N. CRISPR-mediated MECOM depletion retards tumor growth by reducing cancer stem cell properties in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3341-3357. [PMID: 35733338 PMCID: PMC9637721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains a challenge due to the lack of robust targets. Here, we identified MECOM as a candidate of therapeutic target for LUSC by screening 38 genes that were commonly amplified in three pairs of primary tumors and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-mediated approach. High MECOM expression levels were associated with poor prognosis. Forced expression of MECOM in LUSC cell lines promoted cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, and its knockout inhibited CSC phenotypes. Furthermore, systemic delivery of CRISPR-mediated MECOM depletion cassette using adenovirus with an adaptor, which is composed of a single-chain fragment variable (scFv) against epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM) fused to the ectodomain of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, and a protector, which consists of the scFv connected to the hexon symmetry of the adenovirus, could specifically target subcutaneous and orthotopic LUSC and retard tumor growth. This study could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for LUSC with high efficacy and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Bin Kang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Shaolei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Guoyun Xie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jiwang Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Fuqiang Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Guo An
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jing Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yue Shen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Academician Workstation of BGI Synthetic Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Ying Gu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
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EVI1 expression in early-stage breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1040. [PMID: 36195836 PMCID: PMC9533588 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overexpression of the EVI1 (ecotropic viral integration site 1) oncogene has recently been implicated as a prognostic factor in breast cancer (BC), particularly in triple-negative BC (TNBC). In this study we aimed to investigate frequency and clinical relevance of EVI1 expression in newly diagnosed BC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods EVI1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry using H-score as a cumulative measurement of protein expression in pretherapeutic biopsies of BC patients treated with anthracycline/taxane based neoadjuvant chemotherapy within the GeparTrio trial. EVI1 was analyzed as a continuous variable and dichotomized into low or high based on median expression. Endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results Of the 993 tumors analyzed, 882 had available subtype information: 50.8% were HR + /HER2-, 15% HR + /HER2 + , 9.8% HR-/HER2 + , and 24.5% TNBC. Median EVI1 H-score was 112.16 (range 0.5–291.4). High EVI1 expression was significantly associated with smaller tumor size (p = 0.002) but not with BC subtype. Elevated EVI1 levels were not significantly associated with therapy response and survival in the entire cohort or within BC subtypes. However, TNBC patients with high EVI1 showed a trend towards increased pCR rates compared to low group (37.7% vs 27.5%, p = 0.114; odds ratio 1.60 (95%CI 0.90–2.85, p = 0.110) and numerically better DFS (HR = 0.77 [95%CI 0.48–1.23], log-rank p = 0.271) and OS (HR = 0.76 [95% 0.44–1.31], log-rank p = 0.314) without reaching statistical significance. Conclusion EVI1 was not associated with response to neoadjuvant therapy or patient survival in the overall cohort. Further analyses are needed to verify our findings especially in the pathological work-up of early-stage HER2-negative BC patients. Trial registration NCT00544765. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10109-1.
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Sivadas A, Kok VC, Ng KL. Multi-omics analyses provide novel biological insights to distinguish lobular ductal types of invasive breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 193:361-379. [PMID: 35348974 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) treatment is similar to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC; now invasive carcinoma-no special type, IBC-NST), based on its intrinsic subtype. However, further investigation is required for an integrative understanding of differentially perturbed molecular patterns and pathways in these histotypes. METHODS A dataset of 780 IDC and 201 ILC samples from the TCGA-BRCA project for cross-platform multi-omics was analyzed. We leveraged a consensus approach integrating different bioinformatic algorithms to analyze mutations, CNAs, mRNA, miRNA abundance, methylation, and protein abundance to understand the complex crosstalks that distinguish ILC and IDC samples. A histotype-matched comparison was performed. We performed Cox survival analyses for prognosis based on our identified 53 histotype-specific and four discordant genes. RESULTS Approximately 90% of ILC cases were of the luminal subtype. Somatic mutations in CDH1 were higher in ILC than in IDC (FDR-adjusted p < 0.01). Fifty-three significant oncogenic or tumor-suppressive DEGs were identified in a single histotype. PPAR signaling and lipolysis regulation in adipocytes were significantly enriched in ILC tumors. CDH1 protein had the highest differential abundance (AUC: 0.85). Moreover, BTG2, GSTA2, GPR37L1, and PGBD5 amplification was associated with poorer OS in ILC compared with no alteration. RIMS2, NACA4P, MYC, ZFPM2, and POU5F1B amplification showed a lower overall survival in patients with IDC. miR-195 showed an IDC-specific downregulation, causing overexpression of CCNE1. Integrative multi-omics supervised analysis identified 296 differentially expressed genes that successfully distinguished IDC and ILC histotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify novel molecular candidates that potentially drive and modify the disease differentially among these histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambily Sivadas
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Victor C Kok
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kuang Tien General Hospital Cancer Center, 117 Shatien Rd Shalu Dist, Taichung, 43303, Taiwan.
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University Taiwan, Taichung, 40354, Taiwan.
| | - Ka-Lok Ng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University Taiwan, Taichung, 40354, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Precision Medicine Research, Asia University, Taichung, 40354, Taiwan
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Jahid S, Ortega JA, Vuong LM, Acquistapace IM, Hachey SJ, Flesher JL, La Serra MA, Brindani N, La Sala G, Manigrasso J, Arencibia JM, Bertozzi SM, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Armirotti A, Jin R, Liu Z, Chen CF, Edwards R, Hughes CCW, De Vivo M, Ganesan AK. Structure-based design of CDC42 effector interaction inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110641. [PMID: 35385746 PMCID: PMC9127750 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
CDC42 family GTPases (RHOJ, RHOQ, CDC42) are upregulated but rarely mutated in cancer and control both the ability of tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues and the ability of endothelial cells to vascularize tumors. Here, we use computer-aided drug design to discover a chemical entity (ARN22089) that has broad activity against a panel of cancer cell lines, inhibits S6 phosphorylation and MAPK activation, activates pro-inflammatory and apoptotic signaling, and blocks tumor growth and angiogenesis in 3D vascularized microtumor models (VMT) in vitro. Additionally, ARN22089 has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and can inhibit the growth of BRAF mutant mouse melanomas and patient-derived xenografts in vivo. ARN22089 selectively blocks CDC42 effector interactions without affecting the binding between closely related GTPases and their downstream effectors. Taken together, we identify a class of therapeutic agents that influence tumor growth by modulating CDC42 signaling in both the tumor cell and its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Jahid
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jose A Ortega
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Linh M Vuong
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Isabella Maria Acquistapace
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stephanie J Hachey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jessica L Flesher
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Maria Antonietta La Serra
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Brindani
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina La Sala
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jacopo Manigrasso
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jose M Arencibia
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sine Mandrup Bertozzi
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rongsheng Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chi-Fen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Robert Edwards
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marco De Vivo
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Anand K Ganesan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Li M, Ren H, Zhang Y, Liu N, Fan M, Wang K, Yang T, Chen M, Shi P. MECOM/PRDM3 and PRDM16 Serve as Prognostic-Related Biomarkers and Are Correlated With Immune Cell Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:772686. [PMID: 35174083 PMCID: PMC8841357 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.772686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus (MECOM, also called PRDM3) and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) are two highly related zinc finger transcription factors associated with many malignancies. However, the mechanisms of MECOM and PRDM16 in prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain uncertain. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Oncomine, UALCAN, GEPIA, and TIMER databases were searched to determine the relationship between the expression of MECOM and PRDM16, clinicopathological features, immune infiltration, and prognosis in LUAD. Coexpressed genes of the two genes were investigated by CBioPortal, and the potential mechanism of MECOM- and PRDM16-related genes was elucidated by GO and KEGG analyses. STRING database was utilized to further construct the protein-protein interaction network of the coexpressed genes, and the hub genes were identified by Cytoscape. Finally, qRT-PCR was performed to identify the mRNA levels of the target genes in LUAD. Results mRNA levels of MECOM and PRDM16 were downregulated in LUAD (p < 0.05), and the low expression of the two genes was associated with the age, gender, smoking duration, tissue subtype, poor stage, nodal metastasis status, TP53 mutation, and prognosis in LUAD (p < 0.05). MECOM and PRDM16 were also found to be correlated with the expression of a variety of immune cell subsets and their markers. KEGG analysis showed that both of them were mainly enriched in the cell cycle, cellular senescence, DNA replication, and p53 signaling pathway. Importantly, the mRNA levels of the two genes were also found to be decreased in the clinical samples of LUAD by qRT-PCR. Conclusion MECOM and PRDM16 may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers which govern immune cell recruitment to LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Talent Highland, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Talent Highland, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Department of Talent Highland, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Puyu Shi, ; ; Mingwei Chen, ;
| | - Puyu Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Puyu Shi, ; ; Mingwei Chen, ;
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7
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Su Y, Santucci-Pereira J, Dang NM, Kanefsky J, Rahulkannan V, Hillegass M, Joshi S, Gurdogan H, Chen Z, Bessonneau V, Rudel R, Ser-Dolansky J, Schneider SS, Russo J. Effects of Pubertal Exposure to Butyl Benzyl Phthalate, Perfluorooctanoic Acid, and Zeranol on Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031398. [PMID: 35163327 PMCID: PMC8835802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)—including butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and zeranol (α-ZAL, referred to as ZAL hereafter)—can interfere with the endocrine system and produce adverse effects. It remains unclear whether pubertal exposure to low doses of BBP, PFOA, and ZAL has an impact on breast development and tumorigenesis. We exposed female Sprague Dawley rats to BBP, PFOA, or ZAL through gavage for 21 days, starting on day 21, and analyzed their endocrine organs, serum hormones, mammary glands, and transcriptomic profiles of the mammary glands at days 50 and 100. We also conducted a tumorigenesis study for rats treated with PFOA and ZAL using a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) model. Our results demonstrated that pubertal exposure to BBP, PFOA, and ZAL affected endocrine organs and serum hormones, and induced phenotypic and transcriptomic changes. The exposure to PFOA + ZAL induced the most phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the mammary gland. PFOA + ZAL downregulated the expression of genes related to development at day 50, whereas it upregulated genes associated with tumorigenesis at day 100. PFOA + ZAL exposure also decreased rat mammary tumor latency, reduced the overall survival of rats after DMBA challenge, and affected the histopathology of mammary tumors. Therefore, our study suggests that exposure to low doses of EDCs during the pubertal period could induce changes in the endocrine system and mammary gland development in rats. The inhibition of mammary gland development by PFOA + ZAL might increase the risk of developing mammary tumors through activation of signaling pathways associated with tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Su
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Julia Santucci-Pereira
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Nhi M. Dang
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Joice Kanefsky
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Vishnuprabha Rahulkannan
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Meardey Hillegass
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Shalina Joshi
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Hafsa Gurdogan
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA 02460, USA; (V.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Ruthann Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA 02460, USA; (V.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Jennifer Ser-Dolansky
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, UMASS Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01199, USA; (J.S.-D.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sallie S. Schneider
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, UMASS Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01199, USA; (J.S.-D.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Jose Russo
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
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8
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Pradeepa, Suresh V, Singh VK, Nayak KB, Senapati S, Chakraborty S. EVI1 promotes metastasis by downregulating TIMP2 in metastatic colon and breast cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 142:106118. [PMID: 34800694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ecotropic viral integration site-1 (EVI1) is an oncogenic zinc finger transcription factor whose expression is frequently upregulated in a variety of cancers, including both myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Previously, our group has shown that EVI1 knockdown minimizes the metastatic potential of colon cancer cells compared to that of control cells. In this study, to identify the potential targets that regulate cancer metastasis, control and EVI1 knockdown colon cancer cells were subjected to microarray. Differential gene expression analysis revealed significant downregulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP2) in EVI1 expressing cells. EVI1 knockdown increased TIMP2 protein expression levels and reduced wound healing and migration capacity in metastatic cells. Mechanistically, the TIMP2 promoter harbors potential binding sites for EVI1; EVI1 binds to TIMP2 promoter and represses its expression, as observed using ChIP and luciferase assay, respectively. TIMP2 is an important metastasis suppressor gene; however, its function is suppressed in many cancers through hypermethylation. Thus, demethylation could prove to be a potential alternative to reactivate TIMP2 functional activity. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that DNA-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which plays a vital role in maintaining the genome methylation pattern during DNA replication and repair, interacts with EVI1 to promote TIMP2 silencing. Treating cancer cells in vitro with a known demethylation agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza-D), restored the optimal TIMP2 expression without altering EVI1 binding efficiency and reduced relative wound healing potential of cancer cells. Animal studies showed that Aza-D treated cells injected through the intravenous route exhibited reduced liver and skin metastasis when compared to non-treated cells. Furthermore, Aza-D treatment in mice delayed the metastasis progression compared to the vehicle treated group. Thus, the present study provides an insight into the therapeutic applications of demethylating agents to reduce cancer metastasis in models with EVI1 overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeepa
- Cancer Biology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Voddu Suresh
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Singh
- Cancer Biology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Kasturi Bala Nayak
- Cancer Biology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Shantibhusan Senapati
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Soumen Chakraborty
- Cancer Biology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India.
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9
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Wang Z, Li Y, Wang N, Li P, Kong B, Liu Z. EVI1 overexpression promotes ovarian cancer progression by regulating estrogen signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 534:111367. [PMID: 34146645 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is characterized by TP53 mutation and somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs). Here we show that the oncogenic transcription factor EVI1 (ecotropic viral integration site-1) is amplified and overexpressed up to 30% of 1640 HGSOC cases in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Functionally, EVI1 promotes proliferation/invasion in vitro and tumor growth of xenograft model in vivo. Importantly, we discover that EVI1 regulates estrogen signaling by directly activating ESR1 (estrogen receptor 1) transcription determined by the ChIP and luciferase assay. Interestingly, EVI1 and ESR1 share common regulatory targets as indicated by the analysis of ChIP-Seq data. EVI1 and ESR1 collaborate in the regulation of some estrogen receptor-regulated genes. Furthermore, EVI1 drives tumor aggressiveness partially by regulating estrogen signaling. Estrogen enhances the proliferation, invasion and xenograft growth of ovarian cancer cells. Importantly, estrogen can rescue the inhibition of proliferation, invasion and xenograft growth induced by silencing EVI1. These findings suggest that EVI1 functions as a novel regulator of the estrogen signaling network in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Mills Institute for Personalized Cancer Care and Fynn Biotechnologies Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Beihua Kong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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10
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Oh M, Kim K, Sun H. Covariance thresholding to detect differentially co-expressed genes from microarray gene expression data. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2021; 18:2050002. [PMID: 32336254 DOI: 10.1142/s021972002050002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene set analysis aims to identify differentially expressed or co-expressed genes within a biological pathway between two experimental conditions, so that it can eventually reveal biological processes and pathways involved in disease development. In the last few decades, various statistical and computational methods have been proposed to improve statistical power of gene set analysis. In recent years, much attention has been paid to differentially co-expressed genes since they can be potentially disease-related genes without significant difference in average expression levels between two conditions. In this paper, we propose a new statistical method to identify differentially co-expressed genes from microarray gene expression data. The proposed method first estimates co-expression levels of paired genes using covariance regularization by thresholding, and then significance of difference in covariance estimation between two conditions is evaluated. We demonstrated that the proposed method is more powerful than the existing main-stream methods to detect co-expressed genes through extensive simulation studies. Also, we applied it to various microarray gene expression datasets related with mutant p53 transcriptional activity, and epithelium and stroma breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Oh
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Kipoong Kim
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Hokeun Sun
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
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11
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Kiehlmeier S, Rafiee MR, Bakr A, Mika J, Kruse S, Müller J, Schweiggert S, Herrmann C, Sigismondo G, Schmezer P, Krijgsveld J, Gröschel S. Identification of therapeutic targets of the hijacked super-enhancer complex in EVI1-rearranged leukemia. Leukemia 2021; 35:3127-3138. [PMID: 33911178 PMCID: PMC8550965 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01235-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of the EVI1 proto-oncogene by the GATA2 distal hematopoietic enhancer (G2DHE) is a key event in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia carrying 3q21q26 aberrations (3q-AML). Upon chromosomal rearrangement, G2DHE acquires characteristics of a super-enhancer and causes overexpression of EVI1 at 3q26.2. However, the transcription factor (TF) complex of G2DHE remains poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to unravel key components of G2DHE-bound TFs involved in the deregulation of EVI1. We have identified several CEBPA and RUNX1 binding sites to be enriched and critical for G2DHE function in 3q-AML cells. Using ChIP-SICAP (ChIP followed by selective isolation of chromatin-associated proteins), a panel of chromatin interactors of RUNX1 and CEBPA were detected in 3q-AML, including PARP1 and IKZF1. PARP1 inhibition (PARPi) caused a reduction of EVI1 expression and a decrease in EVI1-G2DHE interaction frequency, highlighting the involvement of PARP1 in oncogenic super-enhancer formation. Furthermore, 3q-AML cells were highly sensitive to PARPi and displayed morphological changes with higher rates of differentiation and apoptosis as well as depletion of CD34 + cells. In summary, integrative analysis of the 3q-AML super-enhancer complex identified CEBPA and RUNX1 associated proteins and nominated PARP1 as a potential new therapeutic target in EVI1 + 3q-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kiehlmeier
- Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mahmoud-Reza Rafiee
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ali Bakr
- Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jagoda Mika
- Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kruse
- Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith Müller
- Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schweiggert
- Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carl Herrmann
- Health Data Science Unit, Medical Faculty Heidelberg and BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gianluca Sigismondo
- Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Gröschel
- Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Oncology Center Worms, Worms, Germany.
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12
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Paredes R, Schneider M, Pearson S, Teng HY, Kelly JR, Pierce A, Somervaille TCP, Whetton AD, Meyer S. EVI1 oncoprotein expression and CtBP1-association oscillate through the cell cycle. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8293-8300. [PMID: 32979164 PMCID: PMC7588369 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrantly high expression of EVI1 in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is associated with poor prognosis. For targeted treatment of EVI1 overexpressing AML a more detailed understanding of aspects of spatiotemporal interaction dynamics of the EVI1 protein is important. EVI1 overexpressing SB1690CB AML cells were used for quantification and protein interaction studies of EVI1 and ΔEVI1. Cells were cell cycle-synchronised by mimosine and nocodazole treatment and expression of EVI1 and related proteins assessed by western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. EVI1 protein levels oscillate through the cell cycle, and EVI1 is degraded partly by the proteasome complex. Both EVI1 and ΔEVI1 interact with the co-repressor CtBP1 but dissociate from CtBP1 complexes during mitosis. Furthermore, a large fraction of EVI1, but not ΔEVI1 or CtBP1, resides in the nuclear matrix. In conclusion, EVI1- protein levels and EVI1-CtBP1 interaction dynamics vary though the cell cycle and differ between EVI1 and ΔEVI1. These data ad to the functional characterisation of the EVI1 protein in AML and will be important for the development of targeted therapeutic approaches for EVI1-driven AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paredes
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Marion Schneider
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stella Pearson
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Hsiang Yin Teng
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - James R Kelly
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Pierce
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Tim C P Somervaille
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
- Leukaemia Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony D Whetton
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
- c/o Academic Unit of Paediatric Oncology, Young Oncology Unit, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 6XB, UK.
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13
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EVI1 in Leukemia and Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092667. [PMID: 32962037 PMCID: PMC7564095 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ecotropic viral integration site 1 (EVI1) is transcriptionally activated in a subset of myeloid leukemias. Since its discovery, other isoforms of EVI1 have been identified. It has been shown that EVI1 and its isoforms mainly function as transcription factors and to play important roles not only in leukemia but also in a variety of solid tumors. To provide a comprehensive understanding of this family of proteins, we summarize the currently available knowledge of expression and function of EVI1 and its isoforms in leukemia and solid tumors and provide insights of future studies. Abstract The EVI1 gene encodes for a transcription factor with two zinc finger domains and is transcriptionally activated in a subset of myeloid leukemias. In leukemia, the transcriptional activation of EVI1 usually results from chromosomal rearrangements. Besides leukemia, EVI1 has also been linked to solid tumors including breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and colon cancer. The MDS1/EVI1 gene is encoded by the same locus as EVI1. While EVI1 functions as a transcription repressor, MDS1/EVI1 acts as a transcription activator. The fusion protein encoded by the AML1/MDS1/EVI1 chimeric gene, resulting from chromosomal translocations in a subset of chronic myeloid leukemia, exhibits a similar function to EVI1. EVI1 has been shown to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, whereas the functions of MDS1/EVI1 and AML1/MDS1/EVI1 remain elusive. In this review, we summarize the genetic structures, biochemical properties and biological functions of these proteins in cancer.
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14
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Targen S, Kaya T, Avci ME, Gunes D, Keskus AG, Konu O. ZenoFishDb v1.1: A Database for Xenotransplantation Studies in Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2020; 17:305-318. [PMID: 32931381 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly accumulating literature has proven feasibility of the zebrafish xenograft models in cancer research. Nevertheless, online databases for searching the current zebrafish xenograft literature are in great demand. Herein, we have developed a manually curated database, called ZenoFishDb v1.1 (https://konulab.shinyapps.io/zenofishdb), based on R Shiny platform aiming to provide searchable information on ever increasing collection of zebrafish studies for cancer cell line transplantation and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). ZenoFishDb v1.1 user interface contains four modules: DataTable, Visualization, PDX Details, and PDX Charts. The DataTable and Visualization pages represent xenograft study details, including injected cell lines, PDX injections, molecular modifications of cell lines, zebrafish strains, as well as technical aspects of the xenotransplantation procedures in table, bar, and/or pie chart formats. The PDX Details module provides comprehensive information on the patient details in table format and can be searched and visualized. Overall, ZenoFishDb v1.1 enables researchers to effectively search, list, and visualize different technical and biological attributes of zebrafish xenotransplantation studies particularly focusing on the new trends that make use of reporters, RNA interference, overexpression, or mutant gene constructs of transplanted cancer cells, stem cells, and PDXs, as well as distinguished host modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seniye Targen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuğberk Kaya
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.,Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Ender Avci
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Damla Gunes
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Gokce Keskus
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlen Konu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.,Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.,UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Niu Y, Yang X, Chen Y, Jin X, Li L, Guo Y, Li X, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Wang H. EVI1 induces autophagy to promote drug resistance via regulation of ATG7 expression in leukemia cells. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:961-971. [PMID: 31593983 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecotropic viral integration site 1 (EVI1) is an oncogenic transcription factor, which is abnormally expressed in myeloid leukemia and other several solid cancers. It is associated with short survival as well as anticancer drug resistance. Autophagy is a protective mechanism that promotes cancer cell growth and survival under stressed conditions including clinical drug treatment. Here evidences are provided that EVI1 induces autophagy and mediated drug resistance in myeloid leukemia cells. Both knockdown using RNAi and pharmacological inhibition of autophagy significantly increase sensitivity to cytotoxic drug treatment in EVI1high cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that EVI1 regulated autophagy by directly binding to autophagy-related gene autophagy related 7 (ATG7) promoter and transcriptionally upregulating its expression. Notably, ATG7 expression was positively correlated with EVI1 in bone marrow mononuclear cells from myeloid leukemia patients. Acute myeloid leukemia patients with high level of EVI1 are associated with unfavorable overall survival, which was aggravated by simultaneous high expression of ATG7 in these patients. Furthermore, ChIP and firefly luciferase reporter assay identified an EVI1-binding site at 227 upstream promoter region of ATG7 which regulated its transcription. In addition, enforced expression of EVI1 also increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and ATG7 mRNA levels as well as autophagy activity, whereas the increase was attenuated after treatment with reactive oxygen species scavenger, suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species in EVI1-induced autophagy. These findings demonstrate that EVI protects myeloid leukemia cell from anticancer drug treatment by inducing autophagy through dual control of ATG7. These results might present a new therapeutic approach for improving treatment outcome in myelogenous leukemia with EVI1high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Xue Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Yifei Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Xinyue Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Yilin Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Xuelu Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Yecheng Xie
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
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16
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Casamassimi A, Rienzo M, Di Zazzo E, Sorrentino A, Fiore D, Proto MC, Moncharmont B, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Abbondanza C. Multifaceted Role of PRDM Proteins in Human Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072648. [PMID: 32290321 PMCID: PMC7177584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The PR/SET domain family (PRDM) comprise a family of genes whose protein products share a conserved N-terminal PR [PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1)] homologous domain structurally and functionally similar to the catalytic SET [Su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste and trithorax] domain of histone methyltransferases (HMTs). These genes are involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression through their intrinsic HMTase activity or via interactions with other chromatin modifying enzymes. In this way they control a broad spectrum of biological processes, including proliferation and differentiation control, cell cycle progression, and maintenance of immune cell homeostasis. In cancer, tumor-specific dysfunctions of PRDM genes alter their expression by genetic and/or epigenetic modifications. A common characteristic of most PRDM genes is to encode for two main molecular variants with or without the PR domain. They are generated by either alternative splicing or alternative use of different promoters and play opposite roles, particularly in cancer where their imbalance can be often observed. In this scenario, PRDM proteins are involved in cancer onset, invasion, and metastasis and their altered expression is related to poor prognosis and clinical outcome. These functions strongly suggest their potential use in cancer management as diagnostic or prognostic tools and as new targets of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.A.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7579 (A.C.); +39-081-566-7568 (C.A.)
| | - Monica Rienzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Anna Sorrentino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Donatella Fiore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maria Chiara Proto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Bruno Moncharmont
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.A.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7579 (A.C.); +39-081-566-7568 (C.A.)
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17
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Ye J, Huang A, Wang H, Zhang AMY, Huang X, Lan Q, Sato T, Goyama S, Kurokawa M, Deng C, Sander M, Schaeffer DF, Li W, Kopp JL, Xie R. PRDM3 attenuates pancreatitis and pancreatic tumorigenesis by regulating inflammatory response. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:187. [PMID: 32179733 PMCID: PMC7075911 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with metaplastic changes in the pancreas but the transcriptional program underlying these changes is incompletely understood. The zinc finger transcription factor, PRDM3, is lowly expressed in normal pancreatic acini and its expression increases during tumorigenesis. Although PRDM3 promotes proliferation and migration of PDAC cell lines, the role of PRDM3 during tumor initiation from pancreatic acinar cells in vivo is unclear. In this study, we showed that high levels of PRDM3 expression in human pancreas was associated with pancreatitis, and well-differentiated but not poorly differentiated carcinoma. We examined PRDM3 function in pancreatic acinar cells during tumor formation and pancreatitis by inactivating Prdm3 using a conditional allele (Ptf1aCreER;Prdm3flox/flox mice) in the context of oncogenic Kras expression and supraphysiological cerulein injections, respectively. In Prdm3-deficient mice, KrasG12D-driven preneoplastic lesions were more abundant and progressed to high-grade precancerous lesions more rapidly. This is consistent with our observations that low levels of PRDM3 in human PDAC was correlated significantly with poorer survival in patient. Moreover, loss of Prdm3 in acinar cells elevated exocrine injury, enhanced immune cell activation and infiltration, and greatly increased acinar-to-ductal cell reprogramming upon cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Whole transcriptome analyses of Prdm3 knockout acini revealed that pathways involved in inflammatory response and Hif-1 signaling were significantly upregulated in Prdm3-depleted acinar cells. Taken together, our results suggest that Prdm3 favors the maintenance of acinar cell homeostasis through modulation of their response to inflammation and oncogenic Kras activation, and thus plays a previously unexpected suppressive role during PDAC initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ye
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health of Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Anpei Huang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Anni M Y Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health of Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Qingping Lan
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health of Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health of Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Janel L Kopp
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Ruiyu Xie
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health of Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
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18
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Palomero L, Bodnar L, Mateo F, Herranz-Ors C, Espín R, García-Varelo M, Jesiotr M, Ruiz de Garibay G, Casanovas O, López JI, Pujana MA. EVI1 as a Prognostic and Predictive Biomarker of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E300. [PMID: 32012804 PMCID: PMC7072453 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor EVI1 plays an oncogenic role in several types of neoplasms by promoting aggressive cancer features. EVI1 contributes to epigenetic regulation and transcriptional control, and its overexpression has been associated with enhanced PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in some settings. These observations raise the possibility that EVI1 influences the prognosis and everolimus-based therapy outcome of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, gene expression and protein immunohistochemical studies of ccRCC show that EVI1 overexpression is associated with advanced disease features and with poorer outcome-particularly in the CC-e.3 subtype defined by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Overexpression of an oncogenic EVI1 isoform in RCC cell lines confers substantial resistance to everolimus. The EVI1 rs1344555 genetic variant is associated with poorer survival and greater progression of metastatic ccRCC patients treated with everolimus. This study leads us to propose that evaluation of EVI1 protein or gene expression, and of EVI1 genetic variants may help improve estimates of prognosis and the benefit of everolimus-based therapy in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Palomero
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - Lubomir Bodnar
- Department of Oncology and Immunooncology, Hospital Ministry of the Interior and Administration with Warmia and Mazury Oncology Center, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
- Department of Oncology, University of Warmia and Masuria, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Francesca Mateo
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - Carmen Herranz-Ors
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - Roderic Espín
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - Mar García-Varelo
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - Marzena Jesiotr
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland;
| | - Gorka Ruiz de Garibay
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - Oriol Casanovas
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
| | - José I. López
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Catalonia, Spain; (L.P.); (F.M.); (C.H.-O.); (R.E.); (M.G.-V.); (G.R.d.G.); (O.C.)
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19
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Zhang XM, Liu ZL, Qiu B, Xu YF, Pan C, Zhang ZL. Downregulation of EVI1 Expression Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma via the PTEN/AKT Signalling Pathway. J Cancer 2020; 11:1412-1423. [PMID: 32047548 PMCID: PMC6995371 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is a tumour with high malignancy, low surgical resection potential, and a poor prognosis. Ecotropic Viral Integration site 1 (EVI1) is a transcriptional regulator that has been proven to be associated with tumourigenesis and progression in many human solid tumours. However, the expression of EVI1 and its role in HCCA progression remain unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between EVI1 expression and clinical outcomes in patients with HCCA. Methods: The expression of EVI1 in HCCA tissue samples and cell lines was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival analysis. A log-rank test was performed for univariate analysis of survival, and a Cox regression model was utilized for multivariate analysis of survival. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. The cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay. In vivo tumour growth was observed for xenografts in nude mice. Results: EVI1 expression was upregulated in HCCA tissue samples and correlated with a poor prognosis. In clinical specimens, the expression of EVI1 correlated with tumour histological grade and tumour size. Knocking down EVI1 expression reduced HCCA cell proliferation, blocked cell cycle progression, and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that EVI1 could regulate the AKT signalling pathway by regulating PTEN levels in HCCA. Conclusion: Our data revealed that EVI1 played important roles in HCCA tumourigenesis and development. Our findings suggest that EVI1 may be a potentially useful therapeutic target in HCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Department of general surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of general surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Zeng-Li Liu
- Department of general surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Department of general surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), 266035, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xu
- Department of general surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chang Pan
- Department of emergency, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zong-Li Zhang
- Department of general surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
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20
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Genome-wide somatic copy number alteration analysis and database construction for cervical cancer. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:765-773. [PMID: 31901979 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-019-01636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy with high incidence and mortality. Somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) play an important role in identifying tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and are a useful diagnostic indicator for many cancer types. However, the genomic landscape of CNAs in cervical cancer has not yet been comprehensively characterized. In the present study, we collected 974 cervical cancer samples from different data sources. All samples were analyzed by genomic arrays to obtain high-resolution CNAs. Focal genomic regions with CNA events and potential cancer driver genes were identified by GISTIC2.0. Meanwhile, we constructed a comprehensive cervical cancer database by PHP and self-written Perl and R scripts. In total, 54 recurrent regions of amplification and deletion were detected. Frequently altered tumor suppressor genes were found in these regions, including PIK3CA, ERBB2, EP300 and FBXW7. CNA hotspots and related enriched functional categories were also identified. The incidence of chromothripsis in cervical cancer was estimated to be 6.06%, and the chromosome pulverization hotspot regions were detected. Based on the curated data, we developed CNAdbCC (http://cailab.labshare.cn/CNAdbCC/), a comprehensive database for copy number alterations in cervical cancer. We provide a user-friendly Web interface for data mining and visualization. It is the most comprehensive public database devoted exclusively to genomic alterations in cervical cancer. These results extend our molecular understanding of cervical cancer. The database will enable researchers to explore specific CNA patterns in this lethal cancer and facilitate the discovery of therapeutic candidates.
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21
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ZeOncoTest: Refining and Automating the Zebrafish Xenograft Model for Drug Discovery in Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 13:ph13010001. [PMID: 31878274 PMCID: PMC7169390 DOI: 10.3390/ph13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The xenograft of human cancer cells in model animals is a powerful tool for understanding tumor progression and metastatic potential. Mice represent a validated host, but their use is limited by the elevated experimental costs and low throughput. To overcome these restrictions, zebrafish larvae might represent a valuable alternative. Their small size and transparency allow the tracking of transplanted cells. Therefore, tumor growth and early steps of metastasis, which are difficult to evaluate in mice, can be addressed. In spite of its advantages, the use of this model has been hindered by lack of experimental homogeneity and validation. Considering these facts, the aim of our work was to standardize, automate, and validate a zebrafish larvae xenograft assay with increased translatability and higher drug screening throughput. The ZeOncoTest reliability is based on the optimization of different experimental parameters, such as cell labeling, injection site, automated individual sample image acquisition, and analysis. This workflow implementation finally allows a higher precision and experimental throughput increase, when compared to previous reports. The approach was validated with the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, the colorectal cancer cells HCT116, and the prostate cancer cells PC3; and known drugs, respectively RKI-1447, Docetaxel, and Mitoxantrone. The results recapitulate growth and invasion for all tested tumor cells, along with expected efficacy of the compounds. Finally, the methodology has proven useful for understanding specific drugs mode of action. The insights gained bring a step further for zebrafish larvae xenografts to enter the regulated preclinical drug discovery path.
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22
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Cordani M, Strippoli R, Somoza Á. Nanomaterials as Inhibitors of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:E25. [PMID: 31861725 PMCID: PMC7017008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a key regulator of cell invasion and metastasis in cancers. Besides the acquisition of migratory/invasive abilities, the EMT process is tightly connected with the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), thus contributing to chemoresistance. However, although EMT represents a relevant therapeutic target for cancer treatment, its application in the clinic is still limited due to various reasons, including tumor-stage heterogeneity, molecular-cellular target specificity, and appropriate drug delivery. Concerning this last point, different nanomaterials may be used to counteract EMT induction, providing novel therapeutic tools against many different cancers. In this review, (1) we discuss the application of various nanomaterials for EMT-based therapies in cancer, (2) we summarize the therapeutic relevance of some of the proposed EMT targets, and (3) we review the potential benefits and weaknesses of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cordani
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” I.R.C.C.S., 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Álvaro Somoza
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- CNB-CSIC-IMDEA Nanociencia Associated Unit “Unidad de Nanobiotecnología”, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Paczulla AM, Rothfelder K, Raffel S, Konantz M, Steinbacher J, Wang H, Tandler C, Mbarga M, Schaefer T, Falcone M, Nievergall E, Dörfel D, Hanns P, Passweg JR, Lutz C, Schwaller J, Zeiser R, Blazar BR, Caligiuri MA, Dirnhofer S, Lundberg P, Kanz L, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Steinle A, Trumpp A, Salih HR, Lengerke C. Absence of NKG2D ligands defines leukaemia stem cells and mediates their immune evasion. Nature 2019; 572:254-259. [PMID: 31316209 PMCID: PMC6934414 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) often achieve remission after therapy, but subsequently die of relapse1 that is driven by chemotherapy-resistant leukaemic stem cells (LSCs)2,3. LSCs are defined by their capacity to initiate leukaemia in immunocompromised mice4. However, this precludes analyses of their interaction with lymphocytes as components of anti-tumour immunity5, which LSCs must escape to induce cancer. Here we demonstrate that stemness and immune evasion are closely intertwined in AML. Using xenografts of human AML as well as syngeneic mouse models of leukaemia, we show that ligands of the danger detector NKG2D-a critical mediator of anti-tumour immunity by cytotoxic lymphocytes, such as NK cells6-9-are generally expressed on bulk AML cells but not on LSCs. AML cells with LSC properties can be isolated by their lack of expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) in both CD34-expressing and non-CD34-expressing cases of AML. AML cells that express NKG2DLs are cleared by NK cells, whereas NKG2DL-negative leukaemic cells isolated from the same individual escape cell killing by NK cells. These NKG2DL-negative AML cells show an immature morphology, display molecular and functional stemness characteristics, and can initiate serially re-transplantable leukaemia and survive chemotherapy in patient-derived xenotransplant models. Mechanistically, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) represses expression of NKG2DLs. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of PARP1 induces NKG2DLs on the LSC surface but not on healthy or pre-leukaemic cells. Treatment with PARP1 inhibitors, followed by transfer of polyclonal NK cells, suppresses leukaemogenesis in patient-derived xenotransplant models. In summary, our data link the LSC concept to immune escape and provide a strong rationale for targeting therapy-resistant LSCs by PARP1 inhibition, which renders them amenable to control by NK cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Paczulla
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Rothfelder
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 'Image-guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy' (IFIT), Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Simon Raffel
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Konantz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Steinbacher
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Tandler
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 'Image-guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy' (IFIT), Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marcelle Mbarga
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Schaefer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Falcone
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Nievergall
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Dörfel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Pauline Hanns
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jakob R Passweg
- Division of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Lutz
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
- Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stephan Dirnhofer
- Institute for Pathology & Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pontus Lundberg
- Diagnostic Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lothar Kanz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Steinle
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helmut R Salih
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tuebingen, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 'Image-guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy' (IFIT), Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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24
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He D, Wu L, Li X, Liu X, Ma P, Juang Y. Ecotropic virus integration-1 and calreticulin as novel prognostic markers in triple-negative breast cancer: A retrospective cohort study. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1847-1855. [PMID: 31423253 PMCID: PMC6607142 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer, for which no specific targete d therapy is currently available. The present study aimed to examine the associations of ecotropic virus integration site 1 (EVI-1) and calreticulin (CRT) with other clinicopathological variables and the prognosis of patients with TNBC. The present retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of patients with TNBC treated in the Affiliated Hospitals of Jinzhou Medical University between January 2010 and June 2015. The protein expression levels of EVI-1 and CRT in tumor samples obtained from the patients were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify associations between clinical characteristics and disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to observe the survival condition (DFS/OS) according to EVI-1 and CRT expression. A total of 88 TNBC patients were included in the present study. Tumor tissues in 52 (59.1%) patients were EVI-1 positive, and tumor tissues in 64 (72.7%) patients were CRT-positive, and these rates were significantly higher compared with those in the corresponding paracancerous tissues (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that EVI-1 and CRT expression levels were independent variables associated with OS and DFS, and high expression of both CRT and EVI-1 was significantly associated with decreased OS and DFS compared with the other subgroups (low EVI-1/low CRT expression, low EVI-1/high CRT expression and high EVI-1/low CRT expression) of patients with TNBC. EVI-1 and CRT expression in TNBC was significantly correlated with poor outcome. Evaluation of the EVI-1 and CRT status may provide insight into prognosis prediction for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Youhong Juang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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25
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Weng CC, Hsieh MJ, Wu CC, Lin YC, Shan YS, Hung WC, Chen LT, Cheng KH. Loss of the transcriptional repressor TGIF1 results in enhanced Kras-driven development of pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:96. [PMID: 31109321 PMCID: PMC6526617 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The TG-interacting factor 1 (TGIF1) gene, which encodes a nuclear transcriptional corepressor of the TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathway, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various types of human cancer; however, its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has yet to be elucidated. Methods The expression of TGIF1 in human and murine PDAC specimens were detected by IHC analysis. The functions of TGIF1 in in vivo PDAC growth, dissemination, and metastasis were assessed using conditional inactivation of TGIF1 in well-established autochthonous mouse models of PDAC. Primary cells from TGIF1 null or wild type PDAC mice were examined by assays for cell proliferation, migration, invasion, soft agar and xenograft tumorigenesis. Gene expression profiling, pathway analyses, epigenetic changes associated with TGIF1 loss, and in vitro and in vivo effects of 4-MU were assessed. Results Conditional deletion of TGIF1 in the mouse pancreas had no discernible effect on pancreatic development or physiology. Notably, TGIF1 loss induced KrasG12D-driven PDAC models exhibited shorter latency and greater propensity for distant metastases. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms highlighted the TGIF1 loss-induced activation of the hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2)-CD44 signaling pathway and upregulation of the immune checkpoint regulator PD-L1 to facilitate the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor immune suppression. We also founded that TGIF1 might function as an epigenetic regulator and response for aberrant EMT gene expression during PDAC progression. Conclusions Our results imply that targeting the HAS2 pathway in TGIF1 loss of PDAC could be a promising therapeutic strategy for improving the clinical efficacy against PDAC metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-019-1023-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chieh Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jen Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.,Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 802, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tzong Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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26
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Johnson JR, Boulanger CA, Hudson T, Savage E, Smith GH. Microarray and pathway analysis of two COMMA-Dβ derived clones reveal important differences relevant to their developmental capacity in-vivo. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2118-2135. [PMID: 31040905 PMCID: PMC6481333 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microarray technologies were used to analyze transcriptomes from Comma-Dβ and clonal derivatives, SP3 (Lobule-competent) and NSP2 (Lobule-incompetent), during different mouse mammary growth phases: in-vitro, in-vivo 5-weeks, and in-vivo 12-weeks. A differentially expressed gene (DEG) algorithm was used to enrich for genes associated with cellular proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and carcinogenesis. A pairwise comparison analysis, of SP3 vs. NSP2 in-vitro, revealed a total of 45 DEGs significantly up-regulated in SP3. Of the 45 DEGs, only Ccnd1 (Cyclin D1), Id2 (Inhibitor of DNA binding 2) and Sox9 (SRY Box 9) were identified to be associated with cellular proliferation, regulation of G1/S mitotic cell cycle, mammary gland and alveolar development in SP3. During the regenerative growth phase, in-vivo 5-weeks, we identified a total of 545 DEGs. 308 DEGs, of the 545 DEGs, were significantly up-regulated and 237 DEGs were significantly down-regulated in SP3 vs. NSP2. In addition, we identified 9 DEGs significantly up-regulated, within SP3's cell cycle pathway and a persistent overexpression of Cyclin D1, Id2, and Sox9, consistent with our in-vitro study. During the maintenance phase, in-vivo 12-weeks, we identified 407 DEGs. Of these, 336 DEGs were up-regulated, and 71 were down-regulated in SP3 vs. NSP2. Our data shows 15 DEGs significantly up-regulated, simultaneously, affecting 8 signal transducing carcinogenic pathways. In conclusion, increased expression of Cyclin D1, Id2 and Sox9 appear to be important for lobular genesis in SP3. Also, in-vivo 12 week displays increase expression of genes and pathways, involved in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabril R Johnson
- Mammary Stem Cell Biology Section, Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Corinne A Boulanger
- Mammary Stem Cell Biology Section, Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tamaro Hudson
- Howard University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20059, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Evan Savage
- Genome Explorations, Division of Compass Laboratory Services, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Gilbert H Smith
- Mammary Stem Cell Biology Section, Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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27
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Lu Y, Liang Y, Zheng X, Deng X, Huang W, Zhang G. EVI1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell features and chemo-/radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:82. [PMID: 30770775 PMCID: PMC6377731 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant EVI1 expression is frequently reported in cancer studies; however, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has not been examined in detail. The aim of the present study is to investigate the involvement of EVI1 in progression and prognosis of NPC. METHODS RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot assays were used to examine the expression of EVI1 in NPC tissues and cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assay was used to examine the amplification of EVI1 in NPC tissues. The biological effect of EVI1 was determined by both in vitro and in vivo studies. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm that EVI1 bind at E-cadherin andβ-catenin promoters. The ChIP, EMSA, and coimmunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry assays were used to analyze the EVI1 regulated proteins. RESULTS EVI1 expression level was up-regulated in NPC tissues and cell lines. EVI1 was amplificated in NPC tissues. We observed that EVI1 down-regulation decreased the cell proliferation and invasive capacity of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. EVI1, snail, and HDAC1 formed a co-repressor complex to repress E-cadherin expression and ultimately contributed to epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype in NPC cells. In another way, EVI1 directly bound at β-catenin promoter and activated its expression. β-catenin mediated EVI1's function on cancer stem cells (CSCs) properties. EVI1 up-regulation predicted unfavorable prognosis and contributed to chemo/radio-resistance in NPC cells. Finally, we constructed arsenic trioxide-loaded nanoparticles (ALNPs) and revealed that ALNPs exerted anti-tumor effect in NPC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that EVI1 played an oncogenic role in NPC growth and metastasis and that EVI1 might serve as a novel molecular target for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyong Lu
- Department of Oncology (Section 3), Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Liang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Yanling Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xubin Deng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong, China.
| | - Gong Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China.
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28
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Konantz M, Müller JS, Lengerke C. Zebrafish Xenografts for the In Vivo Analysis of Healthy and Malignant Human Hematopoietic Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2017:205-217. [PMID: 31197779 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9574-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish is a powerful vertebrate model for genetic studies on embryonic development and organogenesis. In the last decades, zebrafish were furthermore increasingly used for disease modeling and investigation of cancer biology. Zebrafish are particularly used for mutagenesis and small molecule screens, as well as for live imaging assays that provide unique opportunities to monitor cell behavior, both on a single cell and whole organism level in real time. Zebrafish have been also used for in vivo investigations of human cells transplanted into embryos or adult animals; this zebrafish xenograft model can be considered as an intermediate assay between in vitro techniques and more time-consuming and expensive mammalian models.Here, we present a protocol for transplantation of healthy and malignant human hematopoietic cells into larval zebrafish; transplantation into adult zebrafish and possible advantages and limitations of the zebrafish compared to murine xenograft models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Konantz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle S Müller
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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29
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Paredes R, Schneider M, Stevens A, White DJ, Williamson AJK, Muter J, Pearson S, Kelly JR, Connors K, Wiseman DH, Chadwick JA, Löffler H, Teng HY, Lovell S, Unwin R, van de Vrugt HJ, Smith H, Kustikova O, Schambach A, Somervaille TCP, Pierce A, Whetton AD, Meyer S. EVI1 carboxy-terminal phosphorylation is ATM-mediated and sustains transcriptional modulation and self-renewal via enhanced CtBP1 association. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:7662-7674. [PMID: 29939287 PMCID: PMC6125627 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional regulator EVI1 has an essential role in early hematopoiesis and development. However, aberrantly high expression of EVI1 has potent oncogenic properties and confers poor prognosis and chemo-resistance in leukemia and solid tumors. To investigate to what extent EVI1 function might be regulated by post-translational modifications we carried out mass spectrometry- and antibody-based analyses and uncovered an ATM-mediated double phosphorylation of EVI1 at the carboxy-terminal S858/S860 SQS motif. In the presence of genotoxic stress EVI1-WT (SQS), but not site mutated EVI1-AQA was able to maintain transcriptional patterns and transformation potency, while under standard conditions carboxy-terminal mutation had no effect. Maintenance of hematopoietic progenitor cell clonogenic potential was profoundly impaired with EVI1-AQA compared with EVI1-WT, in particular in the presence of genotoxic stress. Exploring mechanistic events underlying these observations, we showed that after genotoxic stress EVI1-WT, but not EVI1-AQA increased its level of association with its functionally essential interaction partner CtBP1, implying a role for ATM in regulating EVI1 protein interactions via phosphorylation. This aspect of EVI1 regulation is therapeutically relevant, as chemotherapy-induced genotoxicity might detrimentally sustain EVI1 function via stress response mediated phosphorylation, and ATM-inhibition might be of specific targeted benefit in EVI1-overexpressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paredes
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Marion Schneider
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Stevens
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health M13 9WL, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel J White
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew J K Williamson
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanne Muter
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stella Pearson
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - James R Kelly
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Kathleen Connors
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel H Wiseman
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Leukaemia Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4XB, UK
| | - John A Chadwick
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Leukaemia Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4XB, UK
| | - Harald Löffler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hsiang Ying Teng
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon Lovell
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Evolution, Systems and Genomics Domain,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Richard Unwin
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Henri J van de Vrugt
- Oncogenetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Smith
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Evolution, Systems and Genomics Domain,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Olga Kustikova
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School; Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School; Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim C P Somervaille
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Leukaemia Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4XB, UK
| | - Andrew Pierce
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony D Whetton
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NQ, UK
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Palatine Road, Manchester M20 3LI, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Young Oncology Unit, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4XB, UK
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30
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Lang WJ, Chen FY. The reciprocal link between EVI1 and miRNAs in human malignancies. Gene 2018; 672:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Xu X, Liu S, Ji X. Overexpression of ecotropic viral integration site-1 is a prognostic factor of lung squamous cell cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2739-2744. [PMID: 28603423 PMCID: PMC5457177 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s132410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the expression and clinical significance of ecotropic viral integration site-1 (EVI1) of lung squamous cell cancer (SCC). METHODS The expression of EVI1 in SCC was detected by immunohistochemistry and the validation cohort was divided into EVI1 high-expression group and low-expression group according to the cutoff of immunohistochemical score. The correlations between EVI1 expression and the clinicopathological factors were analyzed by χ2 test. The relation between EVI1 expression and overall survival rate was evaluated by univariate analysis with Kaplan-Meier method. The independent prognostic factor was identified by multivariate analysis with Cox regression model. RESULTS In this study, the EVI1 high-expression percentage was 32.32% (53/164). EVI1 high expression was significantly associated with a poorer overall 5-year survival rate of SCC (P=0.021). Moreover, EVI1 high expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor of SCC, predicting the unfavorable prognosis (P=0.013). CONCLUSION High expression of EVI1 was significantly associated with a poorer prognosis and it was identified as an independent prognostic factor of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shengchen Liu
- Department of Emergency, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xia Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
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