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Kerdkumthong K, Nanarong S, Roytrakul S, Pitakpornpreecha T, Tantimetta P, Runsaeng P, Obchoei S. Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals possible anticancer mechanisms of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine in cholangiocarcinoma cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306060. [PMID: 38923999 PMCID: PMC11206958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer originating from bile duct epithelium, particularly prevalent in Asian countries with liver fluke infections. Current chemotherapy for CCA often fails due to drug resistance, necessitating novel anticancer agents. This study investigates the potential of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), a naturally occurring nucleoside, against CCA. While MTA has shown promise against various cancers, its effects on CCA remain unexplored. We evaluated MTA's anticancer activity in CCA cell lines and drug-resistant sub-lines, assessing cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. The potential anticancer mechanisms of MTA were explored through proteomic analysis using LC-MS/MS and bioinformatic analysis. The results show a dose-dependent reduction in CCA cell viability, with enhanced effects on cancer cells compared to normal cells. Moreover, MTA inhibits growth, induces apoptosis, and suppresses cell migration and invasion. Additionally, MTA enhanced the anticancer effects of gemcitabine on drug-resistant CCA cells. Proteomics revealed the down-regulation of multiple proteins by MTA, affecting various molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular components. Network analysis highlighted MTA's role in inhibiting proteins related to mitochondrial function and energy derivation, crucial for cell growth and survival. Additionally, MTA suppressed proteins involved in cell morphology and cytoskeleton organization, important for cancer cell motility and metastasis. Six candidate genes, including ZNF860, KLC1, GRAMD1C, MAMSTR, TANC1, and TTC13, were selected from the top 10 most down-regulated proteins identified in the proteomics results and were subsequently verified through RT-qPCR. Further, KLC1 protein suppression by MTA treatment was confirmed through Western blotting. Additionally, based on TCGA data, KLC1 mRNA was found to be upregulated in the tissue of CCA patients compared to that of normal adjacent tissues. In summary, MTA shows promising anticancer potential against CCA by inhibiting growth, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing migration and invasion, while enhancing gemcitabine's effects. Proteomic analysis elucidates possible molecular mechanisms underlying MTA's anticancer activity, laying the groundwork for future research and development of MTA as a treatment for advanced CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kankamol Kerdkumthong
- Faculty of Science, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Biochemistry Graduate Program, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Sutthipong Nanarong
- Faculty of Science, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Biochemistry Graduate Program, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumtani, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Pitakpornpreecha
- Faculty of Science, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Biochemistry Graduate Program, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Biochemistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Phonprapavee Tantimetta
- Faculty of Science, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Biochemistry Graduate Program, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Phanthipha Runsaeng
- Faculty of Science, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Biochemistry Graduate Program, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Biochemistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Sumalee Obchoei
- Faculty of Science, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Biochemistry Graduate Program, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Biochemistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Tangudu NK, Buj R, Wang H, Wang J, Cole AR, Uboveja A, Fang R, Amalric A, Yang B, Chatoff A, Crispim CV, Sajjakulnukit P, Lyons MA, Cooper K, Hempel N, Lyssiotis CA, Chandran UR, Snyder NW, Aird KM. De Novo Purine Metabolism is a Metabolic Vulnerability of Cancers with Low p16 Expression. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1174-1188. [PMID: 38626341 PMCID: PMC11064835 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
p16 is a tumor suppressor encoded by the CDKN2A gene whose expression is lost in approximately 50% of all human cancers. In its canonical role, p16 inhibits the G1-S-phase cell cycle progression through suppression of cyclin-dependent kinases. Interestingly, p16 also has roles in metabolic reprogramming, and we previously published that loss of p16 promotes nucleotide synthesis via the pentose phosphate pathway. However, the broader impact of p16/CDKN2A loss on other nucleotide metabolic pathways and potential therapeutic targets remains unexplored. Using CRISPR knockout libraries in isogenic human and mouse melanoma cell lines, we determined several nucleotide metabolism genes essential for the survival of cells with loss of p16/CDKN2A. Consistently, many of these genes are upregulated in melanoma cells with p16 knockdown or endogenously low CDKN2A expression. We determined that cells with low p16/CDKN2A expression are sensitive to multiple inhibitors of de novo purine synthesis, including antifolates. Finally, tumors with p16 knockdown were more sensitive to the antifolate methotrexate in vivo than control tumors. Together, our data provide evidence to reevaluate the utility of these drugs in patients with p16/CDKN2Alow tumors as loss of p16/CDKN2A may provide a therapeutic window for these agents. SIGNIFICANCE Antimetabolites were the first chemotherapies, yet many have failed in the clinic due to toxicity and poor patient selection. Our data suggest that p16 loss provides a therapeutic window to kill cancer cells with widely-used antifolates with relatively little toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Tangudu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Raquel Buj
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiefei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aidan R. Cole
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Apoorva Uboveja
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard Fang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amandine Amalric
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Baixue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Adam Chatoff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Claudia V. Crispim
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter Sajjakulnukit
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Maureen A. Lyons
- Genomics Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristine Cooper
- Biostatistics Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Uma R. Chandran
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine M. Aird
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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3
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Febres-Aldana CA, Chang JC, Jungbluth AA, Adusumilli PS, Bodd FM, Frosina D, Geronimo JA, Hernandez E, Irawan H, Offin MD, Rekhtman N, Travis WD, Vanderbilt C, Zauderer MG, Zhang Y, Ladanyi M, Yang SR, Sauter JL. Comparison of Immunohistochemistry, Next-generation Sequencing and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization for Detection of MTAP Loss in Pleural Mesothelioma. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100420. [PMID: 38185249 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
9p21 deletions involving MTAP/CDKN2A genes are detected in diffuse pleural mesotheliomas (DPM) but are absent in benign mesothelial proliferations. Loss of MTAP expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is well accepted as a surrogate for 9p21 deletion to support a diagnosis of DPM. Accurate interpretation can be critical in the diagnosis of DPM, but variations in antibody performance may impact interpretation. The objectives of this study were to compare the performance of MTAP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) EPR6893 and 1813 and to compare MTAP expression by IHC with 9p21 copy number status in DPM. Cytoplasmic expression of MTAP IHC with mAbs EPR6893 (ab126770; Abcam) and 1813 (NBP2-75730, Novus Biologicals) was evaluated in 56 DPM (47 epithelioid, 7 biphasic, and 2 sarcomatoid) profiled by targeted next-generation sequencing. 9p21 Copy number status was assessed by Fraction and Allele-Specific Copy Number Estimates from Tumor Sequencing (FACETS) analysis and also by CDKN2A fluorescence in situ hybridization in discrepant cases when material was available. MTAP mAb 1813 showed stronger immunoreactivity, more specific staining, and no equivocal interpretations compared to mAb EPR6893 which showed equivocal staining in 19 (34%) of cases due to weak or heterogenous immunoreactivity, lack of definitive internal positive control, and/or nonspecific background staining. MTAP expression with mAb 1813 showed near perfect agreement with 9p21 copy number by combined FACETS/fluorescence in situ hybridization calls (κ = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.71-0.99; P < .001). MTAP IHC with mAb 1813 was 96% sensitive, 86% specific, and 93% accurate for 9p21 homozygous deletion. The findings of this study suggest that interpretation of MTAP IHC is improved with mAb 1813 because mAb EPR6893 was often limited by equivocal interpretations. We show that MTAP IHC and molecular assays are complementary in detecting 9p21 homozygous deletion. MTAP IHC may be particularly useful for low tumor purity samples and in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason C Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Achim A Jungbluth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Prasad S Adusumilli
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Francis M Bodd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Denise Frosina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jerica A Geronimo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Enmily Hernandez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Helen Irawan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael D Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Natasha Rekhtman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - William D Travis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chad Vanderbilt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marjorie G Zauderer
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Soo-Ryum Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer L Sauter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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4
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Febres-Aldana CA, Fanaroff R, Offin M, Zauderer MG, Sauter JL, Yang SR, Ladanyi M. Diffuse Pleural Mesothelioma: Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:11-42. [PMID: 37722697 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042420-092719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the mesothelial cells lining the pleural surfaces. While DPM is a well-recognized disease linked to asbestos exposure, recent advances have expanded our understanding of molecular pathogenesis and transformed our clinical practice. This comprehensive review explores the current concepts and emerging trends in DPM, including risk factors, pathobiology, histologic subtyping, and therapeutic management, with an emphasis on a multidisciplinary approach to this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Febres-Aldana
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Rachel Fanaroff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Michael Offin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marjorie G Zauderer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L Sauter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Soo-Ryum Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
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5
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Ahmed MM, Lateef MA, Elwan A, Fouad EM, Elsayed DH, Abdelnour HM, Abdullatif A. Prognostic Value of Immunohistochemical Expression of MTAP and AKIP1 in IDH1 Mutant Astrocytoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3875-3882. [PMID: 38019246 PMCID: PMC10772751 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.11.3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Definite treatment for glioma is not exist, and with increased drug resistance, more effort should be paid to identify new prognostic biomarkers and molecular targets for therapy for glioma patients. AIM The current study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of MTAP and A-Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) in astrocytoma and to investigate their association with the clinicopathological characters of these cases. METHODS Totally 66 cases of astrocytoma patients involved in this study. Cases underwent tumor resection and tissue sections were stained with MTAP, AKIP1 and IDH1 by IHC and evaluated in different grades of astrocytoma and their association with survival and response to therapy was investigated. RESULTS High AKIP1 expression was positively correlated with treatment resistance and progressive disease. Positive IDH and retained MTAP expressions had shown better treatment response rather than negative IDH and lost MTAP. High AKIP, negative IDH and loss of MTAP expressions were significantly associated with poor survival outcome. CONCLUSION Irrespective to grade and IDH status, the loss of MTAP immunoreactivity and high AKIP1 expression are predictive factors in astrocytoma, and they may be used as a biomarker for guiding astrocytoma management and prognosis surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mostafa Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed A Lateef
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Amira Elwan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Enas M Fouad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | | | - Hanim M Abdelnour
- Departments of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Abdullatif
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Fan N, Zhang Y, Zou S. Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase deficiency in tumors: A compelling therapeutic target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1173356. [PMID: 37091983 PMCID: PMC10113547 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1173356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The methionine salvage pathway is responsible for recycling sulfur-containing metabolites to methionine. This salvage pathway has been found to be implicated in cell apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and inflammatory response. Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of 5′-methylthioadenosine, a by-product produced from polyamine biosynthesis. The MTAP gene is located adjacent to the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene and co-deletes with CDKN2A in nearly 15% of tumors. Moreover, MTAP-deleted tumor cells exhibit greater sensitivity to methionine depletion and to the inhibitors of purine synthesis. In this review, we first summarized the molecular structure and expression of MTAP in tumors. Furthermore, we discussed PRMT5 and MAT2A as a potential vulnerability for MTAP-deleted tumors. The complex and dynamic role of MTAP in diverse malignancies has also been discussed. Finally, we demonstrated the implications for the treatment of MTAP-deleted tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Fan
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Suyun Zou
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Suyun Zou,
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7
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Sun X, Ma Q, Cheng Y, Huang H, Qin J, Zhang M, Qu S. Overexpression of CHAF1A is associated with poor prognosis, tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and treatment resistance. Front Genet 2023; 14:1108004. [PMID: 36968583 PMCID: PMC10033519 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As distinct marker of proliferating cells, chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1) was critical in DNA replication. However, there is paucity information about the clinical significance, functions and co-expressed gene network of CHAF1A, the major subunit in CAF-1, in cancer.Methods: Bioinformatic analysis of CHAF1A and its co-expression gene network were performed using various public databases. Functional validation of CHAF1A was applied in breast cancer.Results: Overexpression of CHAF1A was found in 20 types of cancer tissues. Elevated expression of CHAF1A was positively correlated with breast cancer progression and poor patients’ outcome. The analysis of co-expression gene network demonstrated CHAF1A was associated with not only cell proliferation, DNA repair, apoptosis, but cancer metabolism, immune system, and drug resistance. More importantly, higher expression of CHAF1A was positively correlated with immunosuppressive microenvironment and resistance to endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. Elevated expression of CHAF1A was confirmed in breast cancer tissues. Silencing of CHAF1A can significantly inhibit cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusion: The current work suggested that overexpression of CHAF1A can be used as diagnostic and poor prognostic biomarker of breast cancer. Higher expression of CHAF1A induced fast resistance to endocrine therapy and chemotherapy, it may be a promising therapeutic target and a biomarker to predict the sensitivity of immunotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiushuang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huangwei Huang
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sifeng Qu
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Sifeng Qu,
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8
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Patro CPK, Biswas N, Pingle SC, Lin F, Anekoji M, Jones LD, Kesari S, Wang F, Ashili S. MTAP loss: a possible therapeutic approach for glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2022; 20:620. [PMID: 36572880 PMCID: PMC9791736 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03823-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most lethal form of brain tumor with a recurrence rate of almost 90% and a survival time of only 15 months post-diagnosis. It is a highly heterogeneous, aggressive, and extensively studied tumor. Multiple studies have proposed therapeutic approaches to mitigate or improve the survival for patients with glioblastoma. In this article, we review the loss of the 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene as a potential therapeutic approach for treating glioblastoma. MTAP encodes a metabolic enzyme required for the metabolism of polyamines and purines leading to DNA synthesis. Multiple studies have explored the loss of this gene and have shown its relevance as a therapeutic approach to glioblastoma tumor mitigation; however, other studies show that the loss of MTAP does not have a major impact on the course of the disease. This article reviews the contrasting findings of MTAP loss with regard to mitigating the effects of glioblastoma, and also focuses on multiple aspects of MTAP loss in glioblastoma by providing insights into the known findings and some of the unexplored areas of this field where new approaches can be imagined for novel glioblastoma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Pawan K. Patro
- CureScience, 5820 Oberlin Dr, 202, San Diego, CA 92121 USA ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Present Address: Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | | | | | - Feng Lin
- CureScience, 5820 Oberlin Dr, 202, San Diego, CA 92121 USA
| | - Misa Anekoji
- CureScience, 5820 Oberlin Dr, 202, San Diego, CA 92121 USA
| | | | - Santosh Kesari
- grid.416507.10000 0004 0450 0360Department of Translational Neurosciences, Pacific Neuroscience Institute and Saint John’s Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John’s Health Center, CA 90404 Santa Monica, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
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Zhou W, Yadav GP, Yang X, Qin F, Li C, Jiang QX. Cryo-EM structure-based selection of computed ligand poses enables design of MTA-synergic PRMT5 inhibitors of better potency. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1054. [PMID: 36192627 PMCID: PMC9530242 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Projected potential of 2.5-4.0 Å cryo-EM structures for structure-based drug design is not well realized yet. Here we show that a 3.1 Å structure of PRMT5 is suitable for selecting computed poses of a chemical inhibitor and its analogs for enhanced potency. PRMT5, an oncogenic target for various cancer types, has many inhibitors manifesting little cooperativity with MTA, a co-factor analog accumulated in MTAP-/- cells. To achieve MTA-synergic inhibition, a pharmacophore from virtual screen leads to a specific inhibitor (11-2 F). Cryo-EM structures of 11-2 F / MTA-bound human PRMT5/MEP50 complex and its apo form resolved at 3.1 and 3.2 Å respectively show that 11-2 F in the catalytic pocket shifts the cofactor-binding pocket away by ~2.0 Å, contributing to positive cooperativity. Computational analysis predicts subtype specificity of 11-2 F among PRMTs. Structural analysis of ligands in the binding pockets is performed to compare poses of 11-2 F and its redesigned analogs and identifies three new analogs predicted to have significantly better potency. One of them, after synthesis, is ~4 fold more efficient in inhibiting PRMT5 catalysis than 11-2 F, with strong MTA-synergy. These data suggest the feasibility of employing near-atomic resolution cryo-EM structures and computational analysis of ligand poses for small molecule therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Gaya P Yadav
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- G.P.Y at the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A &M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Feng Qin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Qiu-Xing Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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10
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Extracellular 5'-methylthioadenosine inhibits intracellular symmetric dimethylarginine protein methylation of FUSE-element binding proteins. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102367. [PMID: 35963436 PMCID: PMC9467882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is a key enzyme in the methionine salvage pathway that converts the polyamine synthesis byproduct 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) into methionine. Inactivation of MTAP, often by homozygous deletion, is found in both solid and hematologic malignancies and is one of the most frequently observed genetic alterations in human cancer. Previous work established that MTAP-deleted cells accumulate MTA and contain decreased amounts of proteins with arginine residues symmetrically dimethylated (sDMA). These findings led to the hypothesis that accumulation of intracellular MTA inhibits the arginine protein methylase (PRMT5) responsible for bulk protein sDMAylation. Here, we confirm that MTAP-deleted cells have increased MTA accumulation and reduced protein sDMAylation. However, we also show that addition of extracellular MTA can cause a dramatic reduction of the steady-state levels of sDMA-containing proteins in MTAP+ cells, even though no sustained increase in intracellular MTA is found due to catabolism of MTA by MTAP. We determined that inhibition of protein sDMAylation by extracellular MTA occurs within 48 hours, is reversible, and is specific. In addition, we have identified two enhancer-binding proteins, FUBP1 and FUBP3, that are differentially sDMAylated in response to MTAP and MTA. These proteins work via the far upstream element (FUSE)-site located upstream of Myc and other promoters. Using a transcription reporter construct containing the FUSE-site, we demonstrate that MTA addition can reduce transcription, suggesting the reduction in FUBP1 and FUBP3 sDMAylation has functional consequences. Overall, our findings show that extracellular MTA can inhibit protein sDMAylation and that this inhibition can affect FUBP function.
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11
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Franco CN, Noe MM, Albrecht LV. Metabolism and Endocrine Disorders: What Wnt Wrong? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:887037. [PMID: 35600583 PMCID: PMC9120667 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.887037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental question in cell biology underlies how nutrients are regenerated to maintain and renew tissues. Physiologically, the canonical Wnt signaling is a vital pathway for cell growth, tissue remodeling, and organ formation; pathologically, Wnt signaling contributes to the development of myriad human diseases such as cancer. Despite being the focus of intense research, how Wnt intersects with the metabolic networks to promote tissue growth and remodeling has remained mysterious. Our understanding of metabolism has been revolutionized by technological advances in the fields of chemical biology, metabolomics, and live microscopy that have now made it possible to visualize and manipulate metabolism in living cells and tissues. The application of these toolsets to innovative model systems have propelled the Wnt field into new realms at the forefront answering the most pressing paradigms of cell metabolism in health and disease states. Elucidating the basis of Wnt signaling and metabolism in a cell-type and tissue-specific manner will provide a powerful base of knowledge for both basic biomedical fields and clinician scientists, and has the promise to generate new, transformative therapies in disease and even processes of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina N. Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - May M. Noe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Lauren V. Albrecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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12
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Angirekula M, Chang SY, Jenkins SM, Greipp PT, Sukov WR, Marks RS, Olivier KR, Cassivi SD, Roden AC. CD117, BAP1, MTAP, and TdT Is a Useful Immunohistochemical Panel to Distinguish Thymoma from Thymic Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092299. [PMID: 35565429 PMCID: PMC9100150 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The morphologic distinction between thymic carcinomas and thymomas, specifically types B3, A, and occasionally micronodular thymomas with lymphoid stroma (MNTLS) can be challenging, as has also been shown in interobserver reproducibility studies. Since thymic carcinomas have a worse prognosis than thymomas, the diagnosis is important for patient management and treatment. This study aimed to identify a panel of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers that aid in the distinction between thymomas and thymic carcinomas in routine practice. Materials and Method: Thymic carcinomas, type A and B3 thymomas, and MNTLS were identified in an institutional database of thymic epithelial tumors (TET) (1963–2021). IHC was performed using antibodies against TdT, Glut-1, CD5, CD117, BAP1, and mTAP. Percent tumor cell staining was recorded (Glut-1, CD5, CD117); loss of expression (BAP1, mTAP) was considered if essentially all tumor cells were negative; TdT was recorded as thymocytes present or absent (including rare thymocytes). Results: 81 specimens included 44 thymomas (25 type A, 11 type B3, 8 MNTLS) and 37 thymic carcinomas (including 24 squamous cell carcinomas). Using BAP1, mTAP, CD117 (cut-off, 10%), and TdT, 88.9% of thymic carcinomas (95.7% of squamous cell carcinomas) and 77.8% of thymomas could be predicted. Glut-1 expression was not found to be useful in that distinction. All tumors that expressed CD5 in ≥50% of tumor cells also expressed CD117 in ≥10% of tumor cells. In four carcinomas with homozygous deletion of CDKN2A, mTAP expression was lost in two squamous cell carcinomas and in a subset of tumor cells of an adenocarcinoma and was preserved in a lymphoepithelial carcinoma. Conclusion: A panel of immunostains including BAP1, mTAP, CD117 (using a cut-off of 10% tumor cell expression), and TdT can be useful in the distinction between thymomas and thymic carcinomas, with only a minority of cases being inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounika Angirekula
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.); (S.Y.C.); (P.T.G.); (W.R.S.)
| | - Sindy Y Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.); (S.Y.C.); (P.T.G.); (W.R.S.)
| | - Sarah M. Jenkins
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
| | - Patricia T. Greipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.); (S.Y.C.); (P.T.G.); (W.R.S.)
| | - William R. Sukov
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.); (S.Y.C.); (P.T.G.); (W.R.S.)
| | - Randolph S. Marks
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
| | - Kenneth R. Olivier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
| | - Stephen D. Cassivi
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.); (S.Y.C.); (P.T.G.); (W.R.S.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Fukumoto K, Ito K, Saer B, Taylor G, Ye S, Yamano M, Toriba Y, Hayes A, Okamura H, Fustin JM. Excess S-adenosylmethionine inhibits methylation via catabolism to adenine. Commun Biol 2022; 5:313. [PMID: 35383287 PMCID: PMC8983724 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The global dietary supplement market is valued at over USD 100 billion. One popular dietary supplement, S-adenosylmethionine, is marketed to improve joints, liver health and emotional well-being in the US since 1999, and has been a prescription drug in Europe to treat depression and arthritis since 1975, but recent studies questioned its efficacy. In our body, S-adenosylmethionine is critical for the methylation of nucleic acids, proteins and many other targets. The marketing of SAM implies that more S-adenosylmethionine is better since it would stimulate methylations and improve health. Previously, we have shown that methylation reactions regulate biological rhythms in many organisms. Here, using biological rhythms to assess the effects of exogenous S-adenosylmethionine, we reveal that excess S-adenosylmethionine disrupts rhythms and, rather than promoting methylation, is catabolized to adenine and methylthioadenosine, toxic methylation inhibitors. These findings further our understanding of methyl metabolism and question the safety of S-adenosylmethionine as a supplement. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is a widely available dietary supplement. Exogenous SAM is catabolized to adenine, an inhibitor of adenosylhomocysteinase, leading to widespread methylation inhibition and disruption of circadian rhythms in vitro and in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Fukumoto
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Metabology, Kyoto, Japan.,Kokando Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kakeru Ito
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Metabology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Benjamin Saer
- The University of Manchester, Centre for Biological Timing, Manchester, UK
| | - George Taylor
- The University of Manchester, BioMS Core Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - Shiqi Ye
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Metabology, Kyoto, Japan.,Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mayu Yamano
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Metabology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Toriba
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Metabology, Kyoto, Japan.,Master's Programme in Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrew Hayes
- The University of Manchester, Genomics Technologies Core Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - Hitoshi Okamura
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Physiology and Neurobiology, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Jean-Michel Fustin
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Metabology, Kyoto, Japan. .,The University of Manchester, Centre for Biological Timing, Manchester, UK.
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14
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Wilder CS, Chen Z, DiGiovanni J. Pharmacologic approaches to amino acid depletion for cancer therapy. Mol Carcinog 2021; 61:127-152. [PMID: 34534385 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support increased demands in bioenergetics and biosynthesis and to maintain reactive oxygen species at optimum levels. As metabolic alterations are broadly observed across many cancer types, metabolic reprogramming is considered a hallmark of cancer. A metabolic alteration commonly seen in cancer cells is an increased demand for certain amino acids. Amino acids are involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including proliferation, redox balance, bioenergetic and biosynthesis support, and homeostatic functions. Thus, targeting amino acid dependency in cancer is an attractive strategy for a number of cancers. In particular, pharmacologically mediated amino acid depletion has been evaluated as a cancer treatment option for several cancers. Amino acids that have been investigated for the feasibility of drug-induced depletion in preclinical and clinical studies for cancer treatment include arginine, asparagine, cysteine, glutamine, lysine, and methionine. In this review, we will summarize the status of current research on pharmacologically mediated amino acid depletion as a strategy for cancer treatment and potential chemotherapeutic combinations that synergize with amino acid depletion to further inhibit tumor growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly S Wilder
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Zhao Chen
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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15
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Brunhara BB, Becker AP, Neder L, Gonçalves PG, de Oliveira C, Clara CA, Reis RM, Bidinotto LT. Evaluation of the prognostic potential of EGFL7 in pilocytic astrocytomas. Neuropathology 2020; 41:21-28. [PMID: 33191640 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most frequent solid neoplasm in childhood. It has a good 5-year overall survival (90% in childhood and 52% in adults). However, up to 20% of patients experience residual tumor growth, recurrence, and death. Although the main genetic alteration of PAs, including KIAA1549:BRAF fusion, involves chromosome 7q34, we previously found frequent loss in chr9q34.3 locus in a small subset of these tumors. Among the genes present in this locus, EGFL7 is related to poor prognosis in several tumor types. In this study, we aimed to assess EGFL7 expression through immunohistochemistry, and to evaluate its prognostic value in a series of 64 clinically and molecularly well-characterized pilocytic astrocytomas. We found high expression of EGFL7 in 71.9% of patients. Low EGFL7 expression was associated with older patients, the mean age mainly older than 11 years (P = 0.027). EGFL7 expression was not associated with presence of KIAA1549:BRAF fusion, BRAF mutation, FGFR1 mutation, nor FGFR1 duplication. Moreover, high EGFL7 expression was associated with high FGFR1 (P = 0.037) and 5'-deoxy-5'-methyltioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) (P = 0.005) expression, and with unfavorable outcome of patients (P = 0.047). Multivariate analysis revealed low EGFL7 expression related to older patients and high EGFL7 expression related to retained expression of MTAP. In addition, we found a borderline significance of unfavorable outcome and high EGFL7 expression. Finally, EGFL7 expression was not associated with overall or event-free survival of PA patients. Our findings point to EGFL7 expression as a novel candidate prognostic marker in PA, which should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno B Brunhara
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Aline P Becker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Luciano Neder
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Paola G Gonçalves
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Oliveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Clara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui M Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Lucas T Bidinotto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
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16
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Identification of New Genetic Clusters in Glioblastoma Multiforme: EGFR Status and ADD3 Losses Influence Prognosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112429. [PMID: 33172155 PMCID: PMC7694764 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GB) is one of the most aggressive tumors. Despite continuous efforts to improve its clinical management, there is still no strategy to avoid a rapid and fatal outcome. EGFR amplification is the most characteristic alteration of these tumors. Although effective therapy against it has not yet been found in GB, it may be central to classifying patients. We investigated somatic-copy number alterations (SCNA) by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in a series of 137 GB, together with the detection of EGFRvIII and FISH analysis for EGFR amplification. Publicly available data from 604 patients were used as a validation cohort. We found statistical associations between EGFR amplification and/or EGFRvIII, and SCNA in CDKN2A, MSH6, MTAP and ADD3. Interestingly, we found that both EGFRvIII and losses on ADD3 were independent markers of bad prognosis (p = 0.028 and 0.014, respectively). Finally, we got an unsupervised hierarchical classification that differentiated three clusters of patients based on their genetic alterations. It offered a landscape of EGFR co-alterations that may improve the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying GB aggressiveness. Our findings can help in defining different genetic profiles, which is necessary to develop new and different approaches in the management of our patients.
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17
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Loss of 5'-Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase (MTAP) is Frequent in High-Grade Gliomas; Nevertheless, it is Not Associated with Higher Tumor Aggressiveness. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020492. [PMID: 32093414 PMCID: PMC7072758 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5’-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene is located in the chromosomal region 9p21. MTAP deletion is a frequent event in a wide variety of human cancers; however, its biological role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize the MTAP expression profile in a series of gliomas and to associate it with patients’ clinicopathological features. Moreover, we sought to evaluate, through glioma gene-edited cell lines, the biological impact of MTAP in gliomas. MTAP expression was evaluated in 507 glioma patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the expression levels were associated with patients’ clinicopathological features. Furthermore, an in silico study was undertaken using genomic databases totalizing 350 samples. In glioma cell lines, MTAP was edited, and following MTAP overexpression and knockout (KO), a transcriptome analysis was performed by NanoString Pan-Cancer Pathways panel. Moreover, MTAP’s role in glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was evaluated. Homozygous deletion of 9p21 locus was associated with a reduction of MTAP mRNA expression in the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) - glioblastoma dataset (p < 0.01). In addition, the loss of MTAP expression was markedly high in high-grade gliomas (46.6% of cases) determined by IHC and Western blotting (40% of evaluated cell lines). Reduced MTAP expression was associated with a better prognostic in the adult glioblastoma dataset (p < 0.001). Nine genes associated with five pathways were differentially expressed in MTAP-knockout (KO) cells, with six upregulated and three downregulated in MTAP. Analysis of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion did not show any significant differences between MTAP gene-edited and control cells. Our results integrating data from patients as well as in silico and in vitro models provide evidence towards the lack of strong biological importance of MTAP in gliomas. Despite the frequent loss of MTAP, it seems not to have a clinical impact in survival and does not act as a canonic tumor suppressor gene in gliomas.
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18
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Strobl CD, Schaffer S, Haug T, Völkl S, Peter K, Singer K, Böttcher M, Mougiakakos D, Mackensen A, Aigner M. Selective PRMT5 Inhibitors Suppress Human CD8+ T Cells by Upregulation of p53 and Impairment of the AKT Pathway Similar to the Tumor Metabolite MTA. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 19:409-419. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Sanderson SM, Gao X, Dai Z, Locasale JW. Methionine metabolism in health and cancer: a nexus of diet and precision medicine. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:625-637. [PMID: 31515518 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Methionine uptake and metabolism is involved in a host of cellular functions including methylation reactions, redox maintenance, polyamine synthesis and coupling to folate metabolism, thus coordinating nucleotide and redox status. Each of these functions has been shown in many contexts to be relevant for cancer pathogenesis. Intriguingly, the levels of methionine obtained from the diet can have a large effect on cellular methionine metabolism. This establishes a link between nutrition and tumour cell metabolism that may allow for tumour-specific metabolic vulnerabilities that can be influenced by diet. Recently, a number of studies have begun to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie the interaction between nutrition, methionine metabolism and effects on health and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney M Sanderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ziwei Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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20
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Ward NP, DeNicola GM. Sulfur metabolism and its contribution to malignancy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 347:39-103. [PMID: 31451216 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulation is an appreciated hallmark of cancer and a target for therapeutic intervention. Cellular metabolism involves a series of oxidation/reduction (redox) reactions that yield the energy and biomass required for tumor growth. Cells require diverse molecular species with constituent sulfur atoms to facilitate these processes. For humans, this sulfur is derived from the dietary consumption of the proteinogenic amino acids cysteine and methionine, as only lower organisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, and plants) can synthesize them de novo. In addition to providing the sulfur required to sustain redox chemistry, the metabolism of these sulfur-containing amino acids yield intermediate metabolites that constitute the cellular antioxidant system, mediate inter- and intracellular signaling, and facilitate the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, all of which contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Ward
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.
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21
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Targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in MTAP-deficient renal cell carcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:2. [PMID: 30701095 PMCID: PMC6345872 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has emerged as a metabolic disease characterized by dysregulated expression of metabolic enzymes. Patients with metastatic RCC have an unusually poor prognosis and near-universal resistance to all current therapies. To improve RCC treatment and the survival rate of patients with RCC, there is an urgent need to reveal the mechanisms by which metabolic reprogramming regulates aberrant signaling and oncogenic progression. Through an integrated analysis of RCC metabolic pathways, we showed that methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and its substrate methylthioadenosine (MTA) are dysregulated in aggressive RCC. A decrease in MTAP expression was observed in RCC tissues and correlated with higher tumor grade and shorter overall survival. Genetic manipulation of MTAP demonstrated that MTAP expression inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration of RCC cells. Interestingly, we found a decrease in the protein methylation level with a concomitant increase in tyrosine phosphorylation after MTAP knockout. A phospho-kinase array screen identified the type 1 insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) as the candidate with the highest upregulation in tyrosine phosphorylation in response to MTAP loss. We further demonstrated that IGF1R phosphorylation acts upstream of Src and STAT3 signaling in MTAP-knockout RCC cells. IGF1R suppression by a selective inhibitor of IGF1R, linsitinib, impaired the cell migration and invasion capability of MTAP-deleted cells. Surprisingly, an increase in linsitinib-mediated cytotoxicity occurred in RCC cells with MTAP deficiency. Our data suggest that IGF1R signaling is a driver pathway that contributes to the aggressive nature of MTAP-deleted RCC. A receptor that is triggered by an enzyme deficiency in kidney cancer could act as an anticancer drug target. Ching-Hsien Chen of the University of California Davis and colleagues in the USA and Taiwan found that renal cell carcinomas are deficient in the enzyme methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). This deficiency, which correlates with higher tumour grade and shorter overall survival, leads to the activation of type 1 insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). This in turn activates signaling pathways that support cancer cell survival, growth, and invasiveness. The team found that a selective IGF1R inhibitor, called linsitinib, suppressed colony-forming ability and reduced cell motility in renal carcinoma cells. The findings suggest that IGF1R signaling drives pathways that contribute to the aggressive nature of renal carcinoma cells lacking MTAP.
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Abstract
Advances in our understanding of the metabolism and molecular functions of polyamines and their alterations in cancer have led to resurgence in the interest of targeting polyamine metabolism as an anticancer strategy. Increasing knowledge of the interplay between polyamine metabolism and other cancer-driving pathways, including the PTEN-PI3K-mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), WNT signalling and RAS pathways, suggests potential combination therapies that will have considerable clinical promise. Additionally, an expanding number of promising clinical trials with agents targeting polyamines for both therapy and prevention are ongoing. New insights into molecular mechanisms linking dysregulated polyamine catabolism and carcinogenesis suggest additional strategies that can be used for cancer prevention in at-risk individuals. In addition, polyamine blocking therapy, a strategy that combines the inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis with the simultaneous blockade of polyamine transport, can be more effective than therapies based on polyamine depletion alone and may involve an antitumour immune response. These findings open up new avenues of research into exploiting aberrant polyamine metabolism for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Casero
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anthony E Pegg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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23
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Gerner EW, Bruckheimer E, Cohen A. Cancer pharmacoprevention: Targeting polyamine metabolism to manage risk factors for colon cancer. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18770-18778. [PMID: 30355737 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.003343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a set of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. In certain cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene is altered in either germline or somatic cells and causes formation of risk factors, such as benign colonic or intestinal neoplasia, which can progress to invasive cancer. APC is a key component of the WNT pathway, contributing to normal GI tract development, and APC alteration results in dysregulation of the pathway for production of polyamines, which are ubiquitous cations essential for cell growth. Studies with mice have identified nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of polyamine synthesis, as potent inhibitors of colon carcinogenesis. Moreover, gene expression profiling has uncovered that NSAIDs activate polyamine catabolism and export. Several DFMO-NSAID combination strategies are effective and safe methods for reducing risk factors in clinical trials with patients having genetic or sporadic risk of colon cancer. These strategies affect cancer stem cells, inflammation, immune surveillance, and the microbiome. Pharmacotherapies consisting of drug combinations targeting the polyamine pathway provide a complementary approach to surgery and cytotoxic cancer treatments for treating patients with cancer risk factors. In this Minireview, we discuss the role of polyamines in colon cancer and highlight the mechanisms of select pharmacoprevention agents to delay or prevent carcinogenesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene W Gerner
- From Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Tucson, Arizona 85718 and .,the Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85711
| | | | - Alfred Cohen
- From Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Tucson, Arizona 85718 and
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