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Saad MN, Hamed M. Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Reveals New Molecular Interactions Associated with Melanoma Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2517. [PMID: 39061157 PMCID: PMC11274789 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) was conducted on genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of malignant melanoma of skin (UK Biobank dataset) and The Cancer Genome Atlas-Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (TCGA-SKCM) gene expression weights to identify melanoma susceptibility genes. The GWAS included 2465 cases and 449,799 controls, while the gene expression testing was conducted on 103 cases. Afterward, a gene enrichment analysis was applied to identify significant TWAS associations. The melanoma's gene-microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network was constructed from the TWAS genes and their corresponding miRNAs. At last, a disease enrichment analysis was conducted on the corresponding miRNAs. The TWAS detected 27 genes associated with melanoma with p-values less than 0.05 (the top three genes are LOC389458 (RBAK), C16orf73 (MEIOB), and EIF3CL). After the joint/conditional test, one gene (AMIGO1) was dropped, resulting in 26 significant genes. The Gene Ontology (GO) biological process associated the extended gene set (76 genes) with protein K11-linked ubiquitination and regulation of cell cycle phase transition. K11-linked ubiquitin chains regulate cell division. Interestingly, the extended gene set was related to different skin cancer subtypes. Moreover, the enriched pathways were nsp1 from SARS-CoV-2 that inhibit translation initiation in the host cell, cell cycle, translation factors, and DNA repair pathways full network. The gene-miRNA regulatory network identified 10 hotspot genes with the top three: TP53, BRCA1, and MDM2; and four hotspot miRNAs: mir-16, mir-15a, mir-125b, and mir-146a. Melanoma was among the top ten diseases associated with the corresponding (106) miRNAs. Our results shed light on melanoma pathogenesis and biologically significant molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed N. Saad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research (IBIMA), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Mohamed Hamed
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research (IBIMA), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
- Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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2
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Yang Q, Li Q, Fan H. Antitumor activity of anlotinib in malignant melanoma: modulation of angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:447. [PMID: 38958761 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma presents a formidable challenge due to its aggressive metastatic behavior and limited response to current treatments. To address this, our study delves into the impact of anlotinib on angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry using malignant melanoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Evaluating tubular structure formation, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and key signaling molecules in angiogenesis, we demonstrated that anlotinib exerts a dose-dependent inhibition on tubular structures and effectively suppresses cell growth and invasion in both cell types. Furthermore, in a mouse xenograft model, anlotinib treatment resulted in reduced tumor growth and vascular density. Notably, the downregulation of VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, PDGFR-β, and PI3K underscored the multitargeted antitumor activity of anlotinib. Our findings emphasize the therapeutic potential of anlotinib in targeting angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry, contributing to the development of novel strategies for combating malignant melanoma.
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MESH Headings
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Quinolines/therapeutic use
- Quinolines/administration & dosage
- Humans
- Melanoma/drug therapy
- Melanoma/pathology
- Animals
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Indoles/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mice, Nude
- Angiogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, People's Hospital of Leshan, 2-428 Yong'an Road, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of General Medical, People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, 614000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, People's Hospital of Leshan, 2-428 Yong'an Road, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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3
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Ju W, Cai HH, Zheng W, Li DM, Zhang W, Yang XH, Yan ZX. Cross‑talk between lymphangiogenesis and malignant melanoma cells: New opinions on tumour drainage and immunization (Review). Oncol Lett 2024; 27:81. [PMID: 38249813 PMCID: PMC10797314 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive tumour that can easily metastasize through the lymphatic system at the early stages. Lymph node (LN) involvement and lymphatic vessel (LV) density (LVD) represent a harbinger of an adverse prognosis, indicating a strong link between the state of the lymphatic system and the advancement of MM. Permeable capillary lymphatic vessels are the optimal conduits for melanoma cell (MMC) invasion, and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) can also release a variety of chemokines that actively attract MMCs expressing chemokine ligands through a gradient orientation. Moreover, due to the lower oxidative stress environment in the lymph compared with the blood circulation, MMCs are more likely to survive and colonize. The number of LVs surrounding MM is associated with tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which is crucial for the effectiveness of immunotherapy. On the other hand, MMCs can release various endothelial growth factors such as VEGF-C/D-VEGFR3 to mediate LN education and promote lymphangiogenesis. Tumour-derived extracellular vesicles are also used to promote lymphangiogenesis and create a microenvironment that is more conducive to tumour progression. MM is surrounded by a large number of lymphocytes. However, both LECs and MMCs are highly plastic, playing multiple roles in evading immune surveillance. They achieve this by expressing inhibitory ligands or reducing antigen recognition. In recent years, tertiary lymphoid structures have been shown to be associated with response to anti-immune checkpoint therapy, which is often a positive prognostic feature in MM. The present review discusses the interaction between lymphangiogenesis and MM metastasis, and it was concluded that the relationship between LVD and TILs and patient prognosis is analogous to a dynamically tilted scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ju
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Hua Cai
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - De-Ming Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Hu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xin Yan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
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Sun Y, Sun Y, Li Z, Song S, Wu K, Mao J, Cheng J. 18F-FAPI PET/CT performs better in evaluating mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in patients with lung cancer: comparison with 18F-FDG PET/CT. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:9. [PMID: 38173034 PMCID: PMC10763273 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of fluorine 18 (18F) labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) in identifying mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastases and to develop a model to quantitatively and repeatedly identify lymph node status. METHODS Twenty-seven patients with 137 lymph nodes were identified by two PET/CT images. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of lymph node status were analyzed, and the optimal cut-off value was identified by ROC analysis. RESULTS The SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes on 18F-FAPI was higher than that on 18F-FDG PET/CT (10.87 ± 7.29 vs 6.08 ± 5.37, p < 0.001). 18F-FAPI presented much greater lymph node detection sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV than 18F-FDG PET/CT (84% vs. 71%; 92% vs. 67%; 90% vs. 69%, 84% vs. 52%, and 92% vs. 83%, respectively). Additionally, the diagnostic effectiveness of 18F-FAPI in small lymph nodes was greater than that of 18F-FDG PET/CT (specificity: 96% vs. 72%; accuracy: 93% vs. 73%; PPV: 77% vs. 33%, respectively). Notably, the optimal cut-off value for specificity and PPV of 18F-FAPI SUVmax was 5.3; the optimal cut-off value for sensitivity and NPV was 2.5. CONCLUSION 18F-FAPI showed promising diagnostic efficacy in metastatic mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes from lung cancer patients, with a higher SUVmax, especially in small metastatic nodes, compared with 18F-FDG. In addition, this exploratory work recommended optimal SUVmax cutoff values to distinguish between nonmetastatic and metastatic lymph nodes, thereby advancing the development of image-guided radiation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2000036091.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, 4365 Kangxin Road, Shanghai, 201321, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, 201321, China
| | - Zili Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, 201321, China
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, 4365 Kangxin Road, Shanghai, 201321, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Kailiang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, China
| | - Jingfang Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, China.
| | - Jingyi Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, 4365 Kangxin Road, Shanghai, 201321, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.
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De Martin A, Stanossek Y, Pikor NB, Ludewig B. Protective fibroblastic niches in secondary lymphoid organs. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20221220. [PMID: 38038708 PMCID: PMC10691961 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are specialized fibroblasts of secondary lymphoid organs that provide the structural foundation of the tissue. Moreover, FRCs guide immune cells to dedicated microenvironmental niches where they provide lymphocytes and myeloid cells with homeostatic growth and differentiation factors. Inflammatory processes, including infection with pathogens, induce rapid morphological and functional adaptations that are critical for the priming and regulation of protective immune responses. However, adverse FRC reprogramming can promote immunopathological tissue damage during infection and autoimmune conditions and subvert antitumor immune responses. Here, we review recent findings on molecular pathways that regulate FRC-immune cell crosstalk in specialized niches during the generation of protective immune responses in the course of pathogen encounters. In addition, we discuss how FRCs integrate immune cell-derived signals to ensure protective immunity during infection and how therapies for inflammatory diseases and cancer can be developed through improved understanding of FRC-immune cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina De Martin
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Yves Stanossek
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Barbara Pikor
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
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6
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Han N, Zhou D, Ruan M, Yan M, Zhang C. Cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles drive pre-metastatic niche formation of lymph node via IFNGR1/JAK1/STAT1-activated-PD-L1 expression on FRCs in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2023; 145:106524. [PMID: 37482043 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of FRCs regulated by cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CEVs) played in pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation of lymph node (LN). MATERIALS AND METHODS The FRCs in sixty fresh cervical LNs from 20 patients were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. Cells in LN with or without metastasis were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). CEVs were isolated from the culture supernatant of primarily cultured cancer cells and cocultured with FRCs. Mass Spectrometry was used to identify LN metastasis related protein in CEVs. The activation of IFNGR1/JAK1/STAT1-activated-PD-L1 pathway in FRCs was detected by western blotting. FRCs were co-cultured with CD8+ T lymphocytes to confirm the cytotoxicity assay of FRCs. RESULTS The proportion of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) was significantly higher in micro-metastatic LN in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients (HNSCC, p < 0.05) and scRNA-seq analysis further showed a high focus of extracellular vesicles-related pathway on FRCs in LN with metastasis (p < 0.05). Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) in CEVs can be engulfed by FRCs and promote PD-L1 expression on FRCs via JAK1-STAT1 pathway, resulting in an increased CD8+ T cell exhaustion. CONCLUSION IFNGR1, originated from cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles, promote PD-L1 expression on FRCs and subsequent CD8+ T cell exhaustion via JAK1-STAT1 activation, which facilitate pre-metastatic niche formation and tumor metastasis in sentinel lymph node in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Han
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Ruan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Ji H, Hu C, Yang X, Liu Y, Ji G, Ge S, Wang X, Wang M. Lymph node metastasis in cancer progression: molecular mechanisms, clinical significance and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:367. [PMID: 37752146 PMCID: PMC10522642 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LNs) are important hubs for metastatic cell arrest and growth, immune modulation, and secondary dissemination to distant sites through a series of mechanisms, and it has been proved that lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an essential prognostic indicator in many different types of cancer. Therefore, it is important for oncologists to understand the mechanisms of tumor cells to metastasize to LNs, as well as how LNM affects the prognosis and therapy of patients with cancer in order to provide patients with accurate disease assessment and effective treatment strategies. In recent years, with the updates in both basic and clinical studies on LNM and the application of advanced medical technologies, much progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms of LNM and the strategies for diagnosis and treatment of LNM. In this review, current knowledge of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of LNs, as well as the molecular mechanisms of LNM, are described. The clinical significance of LNM in different anatomical sites is summarized, including the roles of LNM playing in staging, prognostic prediction, and treatment selection for patients with various types of cancers. And the novel exploration and academic disputes of strategies for recognition, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions of metastatic LNs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chuang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xuhui Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuanhao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guangyu Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiansong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Suman S, Markovic SN. Melanoma-derived mediators can foster the premetastatic niche: crossroad to lymphatic metastasis. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:724-743. [PMID: 37573226 PMCID: PMC10528107 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The natural history of advanced malignant melanoma demonstrates that, in most cases, widespread tumor dissemination is preceded by regional metastases involving tumor-draining lymph nodes [sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs)]. Under physiological conditions, LNs play a central role in immunosurveillance to non-self-antigens to which they are exposed via afferent lymph. The dysfunctional immunity in SLNs is mediated by tumor secretory factors that allow the survival of metastatic melanoma cells within the LN by creating a premetastatic niche (PMN). Recent studies outline the altered microenvironment of LNs shaped by melanoma mediators. Here, we discuss tumor secretory factors involved in subverting tumor immunity and remodeling LNs and highlight emerging therapeutic strategies to reinvigorate antitumoral immunity in SLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Suman
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Svetomir N Markovic
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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9
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Cristaldi V, Lund AW. Structural Vulnerabilities in DLBCL for Enhanced Treatment Strategies. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2643-2644. [PMID: 37404051 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a typically immune-suppressed lymphoma subtype with poor response to immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Recent data demonstrated an association between an activated, myofibroblast-like tumor stroma with improved outcome. On the basis of these findings, Apollonio and colleagues explored the phenotypic, transcriptional, and functional state of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC) in human and murine DLBCL. This study reveals that DLBCL cells trigger the activation and remodeling of FRCs, leading to a chronic inflammatory state that supports malignant B-cell survival. Transcriptional reprogramming of the FRCs may inhibit CD8+ T-cell migration and function through changes in homing chemokines, adhesion molecules, and antigen presentation machinery, which together limit the anti-DLBCL immune response. High-dimensional imaging mass cytometry revealed heterogeneous CD8+ T-cell and FRC neighborhoods that associated with different clinical outcomes and ex vivo modeling of the microenvironment indicated an opportunity to target the FRC network for improved T-cell motility, infiltration, and effector function. This research broadens our understanding of the complex interactions between the lymph node microarchitecture and antitumor immune surveillance, defines structural vulnerabilities in DLBCL, and thereby offers opportunities for combined therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Cristaldi
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Amanda W Lund
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
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10
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Correa VSMC, Efstathiou NE, Ntentakis DP, Yu Z, Narimatsu T, Gragoudas E, Kim IK, Vavvas DG. The NLRP3 inflammasome - interleukin 1β axis in uveal melanoma. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:545-555. [PMID: 36707938 PMCID: PMC9989921 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular cancer in the adult population. Recent studies suggested that the NLRP3 inflammasome could be a therapeutic target for cutaneous melanoma (CM), but the role of NLRP3 in UM remains unknown. Here, we analyzed the NLRP3-IL-1β axis in 5 UM and 4 CM cell lines. Expression of NLRP3 mRNA in UM and CM was low, and expression in UM was lower than in CM (P < 0.001). NLRP3 protein levels were below detection limit for all cell lines. UM exhibited lower baseline IL-1β secretion than CM, especially when compared to the Hs294t cell line (P < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis of human tumor samples showed that UM has significantly lower expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β compared with CM. In conclusion, our work shows evidence of extremely low NLRP3 expression and IL-1β secretion by melanoma cells and highlight differences between CM and UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor S. M. C. Correa
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Nikolaos E. Efstathiou
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Dimitrios P. Ntentakis
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Zhen Yu
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Toshio Narimatsu
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Evangelos Gragoudas
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ivana K. Kim
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Demetrios G. Vavvas
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Popovic A, Tartare-Deckert S. Role of extracellular matrix architecture and signaling in melanoma therapeutic resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:924553. [PMID: 36119516 PMCID: PMC9479148 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.924553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for maintaining tissue homeostasis therefore its production, assembly and mechanical stiffness are highly regulated in normal tissues. However, in solid tumors, increased stiffness resulting from abnormal ECM structural changes is associated with disease progression, an increased risk of metastasis and poor survival. As a dynamic and key component of the tumor microenvironment, the ECM is becoming increasingly recognized as an important feature of tumors, as it has been shown to promote several hallmarks of cancer via biochemical and biomechanical signaling. In this regard, melanoma cells are highly sensitive to ECM composition, stiffness and fiber alignment because they interact directly with the ECM in the tumor microenvironment via cell surface receptors, secreted factors or enzymes. Importantly, seeing as the ECM is predominantly deposited and remodeled by myofibroblastic stromal fibroblasts, it is a key avenue facilitating their paracrine interactions with melanoma cells. This review gives an overview of melanoma and further describes the critical roles that ECM properties such as ECM remodeling, ECM-related proteins and stiffness play in cutaneous melanoma progression, tumor cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance. Finally, given the emerging importance of ECM dynamics in melanoma, future perspectives on therapeutic strategies to normalize the ECM in tumors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Popovic
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
- Team Microenvironnement, Signaling and Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Sophie Tartare-Deckert
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
- Team Microenvironnement, Signaling and Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
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Lund AW. Be Easy and Chill: Melanoma Cells Tell Lymph Node Fibroblasts to Relax. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1692-1694. [PMID: 35502545 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Melanomas coopt tumor-draining lymph nodes to support metastatic potential and install immunosuppression. The specific mechanisms that mediate lymph node education, however, remain incompletely understood. In this issue, Rovera and colleagues describe the deactivation of contractile lymph node fibroblasts by dedifferentiated melanoma cells, leading to lymph node expansion and enhanced melanoma invasive potential. Fibroblastic reticular cell relaxation depended upon inhibition of constitutive JAK1/STAT3 and YAP/TAZ signaling, which was mediated in part by tumor secretion of the inflammatory cytokine, IL1. These data support an emerging hypothesis that intrinsic melanoma heterogeneity feeds forward to drive microenvironmental adaptations that mediate invasion and progression. See related article by Rovera et al., p. 1774.
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