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Amri R, Chelly A, Ayedi M, Rebaii MA, Aifa S, Masmoudi S, Keskes H. RANKL, OPG, and RUNX2 expression and epigenetic modifications in giant cell tumour of bone in 32 patients. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:83-90. [PMID: 38368904 PMCID: PMC10875390 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.132.bjr-2023-0023.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims The present study investigated receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) gene expressions in giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) patients in relationship with tumour recurrence. We also aimed to investigate the influence of CpG methylation on the transcriptional levels of RANKL and OPG. Methods A total of 32 GCTB tissue samples were analyzed, and the expression of RANKL, OPG, and RUNX2 was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The methylation status of RANKL and OPG was also evaluated by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP). Results We found that RANKL and RUNX2 gene expression was upregulated more in recurrent than in non-recurrent GCTB tissues, while OPG gene expression was downregulated more in recurrent than in non-recurrent GCTB tissues. Additionally, we proved that changes in DNA methylation contribute to upregulating the expression of RANKL and downregulating the expression of OPG, which are critical for bone homeostasis and GCTB development. Conclusion Our results suggest that the overexpression of RANKL/RUNX2 and the lower expression of OPG are associated with recurrence in GCTB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Amri
- Research Laboratory Cell Therapy and Experimental Musculoskeletal System, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ameni Chelly
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ayedi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed A. Rebaii
- Research Laboratory Cell Therapy and Experimental Musculoskeletal System, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Aifa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sabeur Masmoudi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hassib Keskes
- Research Laboratory Cell Therapy and Experimental Musculoskeletal System, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
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Ferreira A, Harter A, Afreen S, Kanai K, Batori S, Redei EE. The WMI Rat of Premature Cognitive Aging Presents Intrinsic Vulnerability to Oxidative Stress in Primary Neurons and Astrocytes Compared to Its Nearly Isogenic WLI Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1692. [PMID: 38338968 PMCID: PMC10855588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary neuronal and astrocyte culture described here is from the stress-hyperreactive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) More Immobile (WMI) rat with premature aging-related memory deficit, and its nearly isogenic control, the Less Immobile (WLI) strain. Primary WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes are significantly more sensitive to oxidative stress (OS) generated by administration of H2O2 compared to WLI cells as measured by the trypan blue cell viability assay. Intrinsic genetic vulnerability is also suggested by the decreased gene expression in WMI neurons of catalase (Cat), and in WMI cortical astrocytes of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), synuclein gamma (Sncg) and glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) compared to WLI. The expressions of several mitochondrial genes are dramatically increased in response to H2O2 treatment in WLI, but not in WMI cortical astrocytes. We propose that the vulnerability of WMI neurons to OS is due to the genetic differences between the WLI and WMI. Furthermore, the upregulation of mitochondrial genes may be a compensatory response to the generation of free radicals by OS in the WLIs, and this mechanism is disturbed in the WMIs. Thus, this pilot study suggests intrinsic vulnerabilities in the WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes, and affirm the efficacy of this bimodal in vitro screening system for finding novel drug targets to prevent oxidative damage in illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ferreira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Aspen Harter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Sana Afreen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Karoly Kanai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Batori
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva E. Redei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
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Paneru D, Tellez-Isaias G, Bottje WG, Asiamah E, Abdel-Wareth AAA, Salahuddin M, Lohakare J. Modulation of Immune Response and Cecal Microbiota by Dietary Fenugreek Seeds in Broilers. Vet Sci 2024; 11:57. [PMID: 38393075 PMCID: PMC10891824 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek seeds (FSs) are a natural source of bioactive compounds that may modulate the immune system and gut microbiota in broilers. This study examined the effects of dietary fenugreek seed powder on immune-related gene expression and cecal microbiota composition in broilers. A total of 144 broiler chickens were randomly allocated to three dietary groups, CON (0 g/kg FS, FS5 (5 g/kg FS) and FS10 (10 g/kg FS), each with 6 replicates of 8 birds. Ileum tissues and cecal contents were collected on day 42 for the mRNA expression of inflammation and antimicrobial defense-related genes and cecal microbiome diversity, respectively. The results indicated that fenugreek seeds downregulated mRNA-level inflammation and antimicrobial defense-related genes: IL6, IL8L2, CASP6, PTGS2, IRF7, AvBD9, AvBD10, and AvBD11. Moreover, fenugreek seeds altered the cecal microbial community by increasing the population of Firmicutes and decreasing the population of Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota and Verrucomicrobiota at the phylum level and increasing Alistipes, Bacteriodes and Prevotellaceae at the genera level. These findings suggest that fenugreek seeds have a positive impact on the immunological profile and microbiome of broiler chickens, possibly through the interplay of the immune system and the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deependra Paneru
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (G.T.-I.); (W.G.B.)
| | - Walter G. Bottje
- Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (G.T.-I.); (W.G.B.)
| | - Emmanuel Asiamah
- Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA;
| | - Ahmed A. A. Abdel-Wareth
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
- Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA;
| | - Md Salahuddin
- Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA;
| | - Jayant Lohakare
- Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA;
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Toya M, Kushioka J, Shen H, Utsunomiya T, Hirata H, Tsubosaka M, Gao Q, Chow SKH, Zhang N, Goodman SB. Sex differences of NF-κB-targeted therapy for mitigating osteoporosis associated with chronic inflammation of bone. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:28-39. [PMID: 38194999 PMCID: PMC10776185 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.131.bjr-2023-0040.r3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases in all organ systems. Despite its importance, NF-κB targeted drug therapy to mitigate chronic inflammation has had limited success in preclinical studies. We hypothesized that sex differences affect the response to NF-κB treatment during chronic inflammation in bone. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) during chronic inflammation in male and female mice. Methods We used a murine model of chronic inflammation induced by continuous intramedullary delivery of lipopolysaccharide-contaminated polyethylene particles (cPE) using an osmotic pump. Specimens were evaluated using micro-CT and histomorphometric analyses. Sex-specific osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation potentials were also investigated in vitro, including alkaline phosphatase, Alizarin Red, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and gene expression using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Local delivery of NF-κB decoy ODN in vivo increased osteogenesis in males, but not females, in the presence of chronic inflammation induced by cPE. Bone resorption activity was decreased in both sexes. In vitro osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation assays during inflammatory conditions did not reveal differences among the groups. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa Β ligand (Rankl) gene expression by osteoblasts was significantly decreased only in males when treated with ODN. Conclusion We demonstrated that NF-κB decoy ODN increased osteogenesis in male mice and decreased bone resorption activity in both sexes in preclinical models of chronic inflammation. NF-κB signalling could be a therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory diseases involving bone, especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Toya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Junichi Kushioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Huaishuang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Takeshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Simon K-H. Chow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Yu A, Zhou Z, Chen Y, Sun J, Li P, Gu X, Liu A. Functional Genome Analyses Reveal the Molecular Basis of Oil Accumulation in Developing Seeds of Castor Beans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:92. [PMID: 38203263 PMCID: PMC10778879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Castor (Ricinus communis L.) seeds produce abundant ricinoleic acid during seed maturation, which is important for plant development and human demands. Ricinoleic acid, as a unique hydroxy fatty acid (HFA), possesses a distinct bond structure that could be used as a substitute for fossil fuels. Here, we identified all homologous genes related to glycolysis, hydroxy fatty acid biosynthesis, and triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in castor seeds. Furthermore, we investigated their expression patterns globally during five seed development stages. We characterized a total of 66 genes involved in the glycolysis pathway, with the majority exhibiting higher expression levels during the early stage of castor bean seed development. This metabolic process provided abundant acetyl-CoA for fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis. Subsequently, we identified 82 genes involved in the processes of de novo FA biosynthesis and TAG assembly, with the majority exhibiting high expression levels during the middle or late stages. In addition, we examined the expression patterns of the transcription factors involved in carbohydrate and oil metabolism. For instance, RcMYB73 and RcERF72 exhibited high expression levels during the early stage, whereas RcWRI1, RcABI3, and RcbZIP67 showed relatively higher expression levels during the middle and late stages, indicating their crucial roles in seed development and oil accumulation. Our study suggests that the high HFA production in castor seeds is attributed to the interaction of multiple genes from sugar transportation to lipid droplet packaging. Therefore, this research comprehensively characterizes all the genes related to glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in the castor and provides novel insight into exploring the genetic mechanisms underlying seed oil accumulation in the endosperm of castor beans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (A.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.C.); (J.S.); (P.L.); (X.G.)
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Xue Y, Zhou L, Wang J. Classification of distinct osteoarthritis subtypes with different knee joint tissues by gene expression profiles. Bone Joint Res 2023; 12:702-711. [PMID: 38035595 PMCID: PMC10689063 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1212.bjr-2023-0021.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Knee osteoarthritis (OA) involves a variety of tissues in the joint. Gene expression profiles in different tissues are of great importance in order to understand OA. Methods First, we obtained gene expression profiles of cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, and meniscus from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Several datasets were standardized by merging and removing batch effects. Then, we used unsupervised clustering to divide OA into three subtypes. The gene ontology and pathway enrichment of three subtypes were analyzed. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in different subtypes. Finally, OA-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database for validation, and diagnostic markers were screened according to clinical characteristics. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the effectiveness of markers. Results C1 subtype is mainly concentrated in the development of skeletal muscle organs, C2 lies in metabolic process and immune response, and C3 in pyroptosis and cell death process. Therefore, we divided OA into three subtypes: bone remodelling subtype (C1), immune metabolism subtype (C2), and cartilage degradation subtype (C3). The number of macrophage M0 and activated mast cells of C2 subtype was significantly higher than those of the other two subtypes. COL2A1 has significant differences in different subtypes. The expression of COL2A1 is related to age, and trafficking protein particle complex subunit 2 is related to the sex of OA patients. Conclusion This study linked different tissues with gene expression profiles, revealing different molecular subtypes of patients with knee OA. The relationship between clinical characteristics and OA-related genes was also studied, which provides a new concept for the diagnosis and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic, Wuxi Ninth People’s Hospital of Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic, Lianshui County People’s Hospital, Huai‘an, China
| | - Jiaqian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wiśniewski P, Chajęcka-Wierzchowska W, Zadernowska A. High-Pressure Processing-Impacts on the Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments. Foods 2023; 12:3899. [PMID: 37959018 PMCID: PMC10650155 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High-pressure processing (HPP) is one of the non-thermal methods of food preservation considered to be safe but may cause an increase/decrease in virulence potential and antibiotic resistance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the survival of L. monocytogenes isolates after high-pressure processing (200 and 400 MPa for 5 min) and to determine changes in phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance and virulence after this treatment. The 400 MPa treatment was shown to be effective in reducing pathogens to safe levels; however, the potential for cell recovery during storage was observed. In addition, studies on changes in virulence indicated possibilities related to a decrease in actA gene expression, overexpression of the hly and osfX gene, and an increase in biofilm-forming ability. The studies on changes in antibiotic resistance of isolates showed that all isolates showing initial susceptibility to lincomycin, fosfomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline became resistant to these antibiotics, which was associated with an increase in the values of minimum inhibitory concentrations. An increase in the expression of antibiotic resistance genes (mainly tetA_1, tetA_3, tetC) was also observed (mainly after the application of 200 MPa pressure), which was isolate dependent. However, it is noteworthy that the induced changes were permanent, i.e., they persisted even after the restoration of optimal environmental conditions. The results presented in our work indicate that the stress occurring during HPP can affect both phenotypic and genotypic changes in the virulence and antibiotic resistance potential of pathogens isolated from food and food processing environments. The potential associated with cell recovery and persistence of changes may influence the spread of virulent isolates of pathogens with increased antibiotic resistance in the food and food processing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Wiśniewski
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (A.Z.)
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Wang F, Qin ZL, Luo WS, Xiong NX, Huang MZ, Ou J, Luo SW, Liu SJ. Alteration of synergistic immune response in gut-liver axis of white crucian carp (Carassius cuvieri) after gut infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. J Fish Dis 2023; 46:917-927. [PMID: 37205784 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila can pose a great threat to the survival of farmed fish. In current study, we investigated the pathological characteristics and immune response in gut-liver axis of white crucian carp (WCC) upon gut infection. WCC anally intubated with A. hydrophila exerted a tissue deformation in damaged midgut with elevated levels of goblet cells along with a significant decrease in tight junction proteins and villi length-to-width ratios. In addition, immune-related gene expressions and antioxidant properties increased dramatically in gut-liver axis of WCC following gut infection with A. hydrophila. These results highlighted the immune modulation and redox alteration in gut-liver axis of WCC in response to gut infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Le Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning-Xia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Huang
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Choi W, Moniruzzaman M, Hamidoghli A, Bae J, Lee S, Lee S, Min T, Bai SC. Effect of Four Functional Feed Additives on Growth, Serum Biochemistry, Antioxidant Capacity, Gene Expressions, Histomorphology, Digestive Enzyme Activities and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1494. [PMID: 37627488 PMCID: PMC10451338 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was executed to evaluate the efficacy of four functional feed additives in replacing antibiotics in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, fed with a low-fish-meal diet. A basal diet without feed additives was used as a control (CON); other diets were formulated by supplementing 0.50% taurine (TW), 0.30% peptide (PT), 0.23% mineral water (MW), 0.35% yeast-extracted nucleotides (GRO), 0.35% GRO + 0.50% taurine (GROTW), 0.35% GRO + 0.30% peptide (GROPT) and 0.35% GRO + 0.23% mineral water (GROMW) into the basal diet; in addition, one diet was supplemented with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 0.5% as a positive control. Triplicate groups of 25 fish with an average weight of 5.15 ± 0.06 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the nine experimental diets. At the end of the feeding trial, the weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the CON diet (p < 0.05). The feed efficiency of fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the TW and OTC diets. However, the survival, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index and condition factor of fish, as well as their whole-body proximate composition, were not significantly affected by the experimental diets (p > 0.05). The serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase of fish fed the GROPT diet was significantly lower than that of fish fed the CON diet. However, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glucose and total protein were not significantly affected by the experimental diets (p > 0.05). The serum superoxide dismutase activity of fish fed the PT, TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON diet. The lysozyme activity of fish fed the PT, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON and OTC diets. The myeloperoxidase activity of fish fed the TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, PT and MW diets (p < 0.05). The flounder growth hormone gene expression of fish fed the TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT, GROTW and OTC diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, PT and MW diets (p < 0.05). The interleukin 1β and interleukin 10 gene expressions of fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the CON, PT, TW and MW diets (p < 0.05). Intestinal histology showed a significantly higher villi length for fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets compared to that of fish fed the CON diet (p < 0.05). Digestive enzyme activities such as trypsin activity were significantly higher in fish fed the GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets than those in the rest of the diet groups (p < 0.05). Amylase activity in fish fed the MW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT, GROTW and OTC diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the PT, TW and CON diets (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the lipase activity of fish fed the TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, PT, MW and OTC diets (p < 0.05). The cumulative survival rate of fish fed the PT, GROTW, GROPT and GROMW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, TW and MW diets after thirteen days of the challenge testing. Overall, the results demonstrate that the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets could be beneficial feed additives to replace antibiotics in juvenile olive flounder fed low-fish-meal diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonsuk Choi
- Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (A.H.)
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ali Hamidoghli
- Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (A.H.)
| | - Jinho Bae
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang 53717, Republic of Korea; (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Seunghyung Lee
- Major of Aquaculture and Applied Life Sciences, Division of Fisheries Life Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seunghan Lee
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang 53717, Republic of Korea; (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Taesun Min
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Bio-Resources Computing Research Center, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul C. Bai
- Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (A.H.)
- FAO World Fisheries University Pilot Program, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea
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Velayudhan SM, Brügemann K, Alam S, Yin T, Devaraj C, Sejian V, Schlecht E, König S. Molecular, Physiological and Hematological Responses of Crossbred Dairy Cattle in a Tropical Savanna Climate. Biology (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36671719 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive study was conducted to assess the effects of seasonal transition and temperature humidity index (THI) on the adaptive responses in crossbred dairy cows reared in a tropical savanna region. A total of 40 lactating dairy cattle reared by small-scale dairy farmers in Bengaluru, India, were selected for this study. The research period comprised the transitioning season of summer to monsoon, wherein all traits were recorded at two points, one representing late summer (June) and the other early monsoon (July). A set of extensive variables representing physiological responses (pulse rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, skin surface temperature), hematological responses (hematological profile), production (test day milk yield, milk composition) and molecular patterns (PBMC mRNA relative expression of selective stress response genes) were assessed. A significant effect of seasonal transition was identified on respiration rate (RR), skin surface temperature, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDWc), test day milk yield and on milk composition variables (milk density, lactose, solids-not-fat (SNF) and salts). The THI had a significant effect on RR, skin surface temperature, platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT) and PDWc. Lastly, THI and/or seasonal transition significantly affected the relative PBMC mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), interferon beta (IFNβ), IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) genes. The results from this study reveal environmental sensitivity of novel physiological traits and gene expressions to climatic stressors, highlighting their potential as THI-independent heat stress biomarkers.
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Abdul-Jabbar AM, Hussian NN, Mohammed HA, Aljarbou A, Akhtar N, Khan RA. Combined Anti-Bacterial Actions of Lincomycin and Freshly Prepared Silver Nanoparticles: Overcoming the Resistance to Antibiotics and Enhancement of the Bioactivity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 36551448 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial drug resistance to antibiotics is growing globally at unprecedented levels, and strategies to overcome treatment deficiencies are continuously developing. In our approach, we utilized metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), known for their wide spread and significant anti-bacterial actions, and the high-dose regimen of lincosamide antibiotic, lincomycin, to demonstrate the efficacy of the combined delivery concept in combating the bacterial resistance. The anti-bacterial actions of the AgNPs and the lincomycin as single entities and as part of the combined mixture of the AgNPs-lincomycin showed improved anti-bacterial biological activity in the Bacillus cereus and Proteus mirabilis microorganisms in comparison to the AgNPs and lincomycin alone. The comparison of the anti-biofilm formation tendency, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) suggested additive effects of the AgNPs and lincomycin combination co-delivery. The AgNPs' MIC at 100 μg/mL and MBC at 100 μg/mL for both Bacillus cereus and Proteus mirabilis, respectively, together with the AgNPs-lincomycin mixture MIC at 100 + 12.5 μg/mL for Bacillus cereus and 50 + 12.5 μg/mL for Proteus mirabilis, confirmed the efficacy of the mixture. The growth curve test showed that the AgNPs required 90 min to kill both bacterial isolates. The freshly prepared and well-characterized AgNPs, important for the antioxidant activity levels of the AgNPs material, showed radical scavenging potential that increased with the increasing concentrations. The DPPH's best activity concentration, 100 μg/mL, which is also the best concentration exhibiting the highest anti-bacterial zone inhibition, was chosen for evaluating the combined effects of the antibiotic, lincomycin, and the AgNPs. Plausible genotoxic effects and the roles of AgNPs were observed through decreased Bla gene expressions in the Bacillus cereus and BlaCTX-M-15 gene expressions in the Proteus mirabilis.
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Mu D, Wu X, Feijó A, Wu W, Wen Z, Cheng J, Xia L, Yang Q, Shan W, Ge D. Transcriptome analysis of pika heart tissue reveals mechanisms underlying the adaptation of a keystone species on the roof of the world. Front Genet 2022; 13:1020789. [PMID: 36506315 PMCID: PMC9728954 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1020789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude environments impose intense stresses on living organisms and drive striking phenotypic and genetic adaptations, such as hypoxia resistance, cold tolerance, and increases in metabolic capacity and body mass. As one of the most successful and dominant mammals on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QHTP), the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) has adapted to the extreme environments of the highest altitudes of this region and exhibits tolerance to cold and hypoxia, in contrast to closely related species that inhabit the peripheral alpine bush or forests. To explore the potential genetic mechanisms underlying the adaptation of O. curzoniae to a high-altitude environment, we sequenced the heart tissue transcriptomes of adult plateau pikas (comparing specimens from sites at two different altitudes) and Gansu pikas (O. cansus). Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their primary functions. Key genes and pathways related to high-altitude adaptation were identified. In addition to the biological processes of signal transduction, energy metabolism and material transport, the identified plateau pika genes were mainly enriched in biological pathways such as the negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation, the apoptosis signalling pathway, the cellular response to DNA damage stimulus, and ossification involved in bone maturation and heart development. Our results showed that the plateau pika has adapted to the extreme environments of the QHTP via protection against cardiomyopathy, tissue structure alterations and improvements in the blood circulation system and energy metabolism. These adaptations shed light on how pikas thrive on the roof of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Mu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jilong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Shan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China,*Correspondence: Wenjuan Shan, ; Deyan Ge,
| | - Deyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Wenjuan Shan, ; Deyan Ge,
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Dantas ACS, Oliveira HBM, Gomes CP, Alves DL, Infante PDB, Caitité RJA, Fritsch HM, Cucco MS, Silva LSC, Oliveira CNT, Bittencourt RS, Amorim AT, Nascimento ALP, Marinho FAGC, de Medeiros DS, de Oliveira MGG, Mistro S, de Melo FF, Pereira TTS, Guimarães AMS, Timenetsky J, Moreira PMB, de Oliveira SHP, Alcantara LCJ, Giovanetti M, Santos LA, Fonseca V, Barreto FK, Campos GB, Marques LM. Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14. [PMID: 36366521 DOI: 10.3390/v14112424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for causing Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), a heterogeneous clinical condition that manifests varying symptom severity according to the demographic profile of the studied population. While many studies have focused on the spread of COVID-19 in large urban centers in Brazil, few have evaluated medium or small cities in the Northeast region. The aims of this study were: (i) to identify risk factors for mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection, (ii) to evaluate the gene expression patterns of key immune response pathways using nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients, and (iii) to identify the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the residents of a medium-sized city in Northeast Brazil. A total of 783 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 between May 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. Clinical-epidemiological data from patients who died and those who survived were compared. Patients were also retrospectively divided into three groups based on disease severity: asymptomatic, mild, and moderate/severe. Samples were added to a qPCR array for analyses of 84 genes involved with immune response pathways and sequenced using the Oxford Nanopore MinION technology. Having pre-existing comorbidity; being male; having cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values under 22 were identified as risk factors for mortality. Analysis of the expression profiles of inflammatory pathway genes showed that the greater the infection severity, the greater the activation of inflammatory pathways, triggering the cytokine storm and downregulating anti-inflammatory pathways. Viral genome analysis revealed the circulation of multiple lineages, such as B.1, B.1.1.28, Alpha, and Gamma, suggesting that multiple introduction events had occurred over time. This study's findings help identify the specific strains and increase our understanding of the true state of local health. In addition, our data demonstrate that epidemiological and genomic surveillance together can help formulate public health strategies to guide governmental actions.
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Rajasheker G, Nagaraju M, Varghese RP, Jalaja N, Somanaboina AK, Singam P, Ramakrishna C, Penna S, Sreenivasulu N, Kishor PBK. Identification and analysis of proline-rich proteins and hybrid proline-rich proteins super family genes from Sorghum bicolor and their expression patterns to abiotic stress and zinc stimuli. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:952732. [PMID: 36226297 PMCID: PMC9549341 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Systematic genome-wide analysis of Sorghum bicolor revealed the identification of a total of 48 homologous genes comprising 21 proline-rich proteins (PRPs) and 27 hybrid proline-rich proteins (HyPRPs). Comprehensive scrutiny of these gene homologs was conducted for gene structure, phylogenetic investigations, chromosome mapping, and subcellular localization of proteins. Promoter analysis uncovered the regions rich with phosphorous- (BIHD), ammonium-, sulfur-responsive (SURE), and iron starvation-responsive (IRO2) along with biotic, abiotic, and development-specific cis-elements. Further, PRPs exhibit more methylation and acetylation sites in comparison with HyPRPs. miRNAs have been predicted which might play a role in cleavage and translation inhibition. Several of the SbPRP genes were stimulated in a tissue-specific manner under drought, salt, heat, and cold stresses. Additionally, exposure of plants to abscisic acid (ABA) and zinc (Zn) also triggered PRP genes in a tissue-dependent way. Among them, SbPRP17 has been found upregulated markedly in all tissues irrespective of the stress imposed. The expressions of SbHyPRPs, especially SbHyPRP2, SbHyPRP6, and SbHyPRP17 were activated under all stresses in all three tissues. On the other hand, SbHyPRP8 (root only) and SbHyPRP12 (all three tissues) were highly responsive to cold stress and ABA while SbHyPRP26 was induced by drought and Zn in the stem. Taken together, this study indicates the critical roles that SbPRPs and SbHyPRPs play during diverse abiotic stress conditions and notably the plausible roles that these genes play upon exposure to zinc, the crucial micronutrient in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marka Nagaraju
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Naravula Jalaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Somanaboina
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
| | - Prashant Singam
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Suprasanna Penna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - P. B. Kavi Kishor
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
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Yang Q, Li B, Rizwan HM, Sun K, Zeng J, Shi M, Guo T, Chen F. Genome-wide identification and comprehensive analyses of NAC transcription factor gene family and expression analysis under Fusarium kyushuense and drought stress conditions in Passiflora edulis. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:972734. [PMID: 36092439 PMCID: PMC9453495 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.972734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The NAC gene family is one of the largest plant transcription factors (TFs) families and plays important roles in plant growth, development, metabolism, and biotic and abiotic stresses. However, NAC gene family has not been reported in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis). In this study, a total of 105 NAC genes were identified in the passion fruit genome and were unevenly distributed across all nine-passion fruit chromomere, with a maximum of 48 PeNAC genes on chromosome one. The physicochemical features of all 105 PeNAC genes varied including 120 to 3,052 amino acids, 3 to 8 conserved motifs, and 1 to 3 introns. The PeNAC genes were named (PeNAC001-PeNAC105) according to their chromosomal locations and phylogenetically grouped into 15 clades (NAC-a to NAC-o). Most PeNAC proteins were predicted to be localized in the nucleus. The cis-element analysis indicated the possible roles of PeNAC genes in plant growth, development, light, hormones, and stress responsiveness. Moreover, the PeNAC gene duplications including tandem (11 gene pairs) and segmental (12 gene pairs) were identified and subjected to purifying selection. All PeNAC proteins exhibited similar 3D structures, and a protein-protein interaction network analysis with known Arabidopsis proteins was predicted. Furthermore, 17 putative ped-miRNAs were identified to target 25 PeNAC genes. Potential TFs including ERF, BBR-BPC, Dof, and bZIP were identified in promoter region of all 105 PeNAC genes and visualized in a TF regulatory network. GO and KEGG annotation analysis exposed that PeNAC genes were related to different biological, molecular, and cellular terms. The qRT-PCR expression analysis discovered that most of the PeNAC genes including PeNAC001, PeNAC003, PeNAC008, PeNAC028, PeNAC033, PeNAC058, PeNAC063, and PeNAC077 were significantly upregulated under Fusarium kyushuense and drought stress conditions compared to controls. In conclusion, these findings lay the foundation for further functional studies of PeNAC genes to facilitate the genetic improvement of plants to stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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16
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Yuan W, Yang M, Zhu Y. Development and validation of a gene signature predicting the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:548-560. [PMID: 35920104 PMCID: PMC9396926 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.118.bjr-2021-0565.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to develop a gene signature that predicts the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) by studying its genetic mechanism. METHODS Five datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Unsupervised consensus cluster analysis was used to determine new PMOP subtypes. To determine the central genes and the core modules related to PMOP, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WCGNA) was applied. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was used to explore the biological processes underlying key genes. Logistic regression univariate analysis was used to screen for statistically significant variables. Two algorithms were used to select important PMOP-related genes. A logistic regression model was used to construct the PMOP-related gene profile. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve, Harrell's concordance index, a calibration chart, and decision curve analysis were used to characterize PMOP-related genes. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of the PMOP-related genes in the gene signature. RESULTS We identified three PMOP-related subtypes and four core modules. The muscle system process, muscle contraction, and actin filament-based movement were more active in the hub genes. We obtained five feature genes related to PMOP. Our analysis verified that the gene signature had good predictive power and applicability. The outcomes of the GSE56815 cohort were found to be consistent with the results of the earlier studies. qRT-PCR results showed that RAB2A and FYCO1 were amplified in clinical samples. CONCLUSION The PMOP-related gene signature we developed and verified can accurately predict the risk of PMOP in patients. These results can elucidate the molecular mechanism of RAB2A and FYCO1 underlying PMOP, and yield new and improved treatment strategies, ultimately helping PMOP monitoring.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(8):548-560.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Maowei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Li P, Xu Y, Wang K, Guo W, Gu Y, Lyu S, Huang J, Lin H, Huang C, Xu Z, Li Y. Genome-Wide Identification of TLP Gene Family and Their Roles in Carya cathayensis Sarg in Response to Botryosphaeria dothidea. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:849043. [PMID: 35432404 PMCID: PMC9010463 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hickory (Carya cathayensis) is a critical tree species of the genus Carya from the Juglandaceae family that contains nutrient-rich nuts. Due to large-scale soil degradation, the pests and diseases of hickory are becoming more and more serious. Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are vital proteins involved in the complex defense process of plant pathogens. In this study, 40 CcTLP genes were identified genome-widely and phylogenetically grouped into three subfamilies. The sequence of CcTLPs had a conservative pattern, such as eight stable disulfide bonds, REDDD, and G-X-[GF]-X-C-X-T-[GA]-D-C-X(1,2)-G-X-(2,3)-C structure. In total, 57 cis-elements related to stress-responsive, light-responsive, phytohormone-responsive, and plant-responsive were discovered. Under salicylate (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and ethephon (ETH) treatments, the expressions of CcTLP28, CcTLP29, CcTLP30, CcTLP31, CcTLP32, CcTLP33, CcTLP37, CcTLP38, and CcTLP39 had different patterns. This is an indication that most of the TLP genes were upregulated by SA and downregulated by MeJA. Notably, seven TLP genes were significantly upregulated under the Botryosphaeria dothidea inoculation, especially CcTLP31, with an over 20-fold change. Nine genes were shown by subcellular localization analysis to be located at the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. The knowledge of the disease-resistant function of the CcTLP family in hickory is promoted by these results. A foundation reference for the molecular breeding of this plant in the future is provided by our findings.
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He Y, Hung SW, Liang B, Zhang R, Gao Y, Chu CY, Zhang T, Xu H, Chung JPW, Wang CC. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Sunitinib as Novel Immunotherapy to Inhibit Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells for Treatment of Endometriosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641206. [PMID: 34367125 PMCID: PMC8340010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common, benign, and hormone-dependent gynaecological disorder that displays altered immunoinflammatory profiles. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) suppressed immunosurveillance in endometriosis in human and mouse model. Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sunitinib can induce MDSC apoptosis and suppress the progression of cancer. However, the effects of Sunitinib on MDSCs in endometriosis and the underlying mechanism are not clear. In this study, we employed an animal study of the endometriosis model in mice for treatment of Sunitinib. After syngeneic endometrium transplantation and treatment, endometriotic lesion volume, weight, and histology were compared. Peritoneal fluid, peripheral blood, and bone marrow MDSC subsets and their molecular signaling were monitored by flow cytometry. Peritoneal cytokines were assayed by ELISA. The gene expression profiles of isolated CD11b+Ly6G+Ly6Clo cells were studied by RNA sequencing. We found that Sunitinib significantly decreased the endometriotic lesion size and weight after 1 and 3 weeks, and decreased p-STAT3 activation in MDSCs after 1 week of treatment. In the first week, Sunitinib specifically increased the G-MDSC population in peritoneal fluid but the isolated CD11b+Ly6G+Ly6Clo MDSCs after Sunitinib treatment were presented as mature polynuclear MDSCs, while the control group had immature mononuclear MDSCs. Importantly, we found Sunitinib differentially suppressed gene expressions of immunosuppressive function and differentiation in peritoneal G-MDSCs. Apelin signaling pathway associated genes and inflammation related genes were upregulated, and amino acid metabolism regulator genes were downregulated in bone marrow G-MDSCs. For endometriotic lesions, the PPARG gene governing glucose metabolism and fatty acid storage, which is important for the development of endometriosis was upregulated. In conclusion, Sunitinib inhibited endometriotic lesions, by promoting peritoneal fluid MDSCs maturation and inhibiting the immunosuppressive function. These findings suggest that Sunitinib changed the immune microenvironment and inhibited the development of endometriosis, which has potential therapeutic effects as novel immunotherapy to promote MDSCs maturation, differentiation, and metabolism for the treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Sze Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Yating Gao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Ching Yan Chu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Lumsangkul C, Tapingkae W, Sringarm K, Jaturasitha S, Le Xuan C, Wannavijit S, Outama P, Van Doan H. Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Immune and Antioxidant-Related Gene Expressions of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) Cultured under Biofloc System. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2035. [PMID: 34359162 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Supplementation of agriculture by-product as functional feed additives in combination with biofloc technology (a sustainable and environmentally friendly technology) has recently gained much attention in aquaculture. In the present study, sugarcane bagasse powder can possibly be applied as a feed additive to improve growth performance, immune response, and immune and antioxidant-related gene expression. Abstract We investigated, herein, the effects of dietary inclusion of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) on Nile tilapia development, mucosal and serum immunities, and relative immune and antioxidant genes. Fish (15.12 ± 0.04 g) were provided a basal diet (SB0) or basal diet incorporated with SB at 10 (SB10), 20 (SB20), 40 (SB40), or 80 (SB80) g kg−1 for 8 weeks. Our results demonstrated that the dietary incorporation of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) at 20 and 40 g kg−1 significantly ameliorated FW, WG, and SGR as opposed to fish fed basal, SB10, and SB80 diets. However, no significant changes in FCR and survivability were observed between the SB supplemented diets and the control (basal diet). The mucosal immunity exhibited significantly higher SMLA and SMPA activities (p < 0.005) in fish treated with SB diets after eight weeks. The highest SMLA and SMPA levels were recorded in fish fed SB80 followed by SB20, SB40, and SB10, respectively. For serum immunity, fish fed SB incorporated diets significantly ameliorated SL and RB levels (p < 0.05) compared with the control. However, SP was not affected by the inclusion of SB in any diet throughout the experiment. The expression of IL1, IL8, LBP, GSTa, GPX, and GSR genes in the fish liver was significantly increased in fish fed the SB20 and SB10 diets relative to the basal diet fed fish (p < 0.05); whereas only the IL8, LBP, and GPX genes in the intestines were substantially augmented via the SB20 and SB80 diets (p < 0.05). IL1 and GSR were not influenced by the SB incorporated diets (p > 0.05). In summary, sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) may be applied as a feed additive to improve growth performance, immune response, and immune and antioxidant-related gene expression in Nile tilapia.
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Deng XL, Guo L, Ma HH, Hu XP, Zhou XM. Phenyl imidazolidin-2-ones antagonize a β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor in diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:3224-3232. [PMID: 33723881 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests on cruciferous vegetables. However, resistance has emerged to current chemical and biological insecticides used for P. xylostella control, indicating the necessity of screening new targets on P. xylostella, and finding new insecticides against P. xylostella. In particular, octopamine receptors are representative G protein-coupled receptors found only in invertebrates and are potential targets for identifying novel insecticides. RESULTS A β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor gene (PxOA2B1) was cloned, and its pharmacological characteristics in P. xylostella were studied. The results demonstrated that octopamine could activate the PxOA2B1 receptor, with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) of 49.5 nm. Amitraz, an insecticide and acaricide, and its metabolite (N-2,4-dimethylphenyl-N'-methylformamidine; DPMF) were also found to act as PxOAB1R agonists. We synthesized phenyl imidazolidin-2-one derivatives 3a-h using DPMF as the lead compound, and compounds 3a-h showed similar antagonist activities as phentolamine, mianserin and chlorpromazine. In particular, 3d, with an EC50 of 25.2 nm, showed very similar antagonist activity to mianserin. CONCLUSION This research found that PxOAB1R might be a potential target for P. xylostella control. Phenyl imidazolidin-2-ones could be novel potential antagonists targeted at octopamine receptors and would be useful tools for the design and development of novel insecticides. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-le Deng
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Hao Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ping Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mao Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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21
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Yi H, Zhang Q, Sun Y, Ma S. Assisted estimation of gene expression graphical models. Genet Epidemiol 2021; 45:372-385. [PMID: 33527531 PMCID: PMC8137544 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In the study of gene expression data, network analysis has played a uniquely important role. To accommodate the high dimensionality and low sample size and generate interpretable results, regularized estimation is usually conducted in the construction of gene expression Gaussian Graphical Models (GGM). Here we use GeO-GGM to represent gene-expression-only GGM. Gene expressions are regulated by regulators. gene-expression-regulator GGMs (GeR-GGMs), which accommodate gene expressions as well as their regulators, have been constructed accordingly. In practical data analysis, with a "lack of information" caused by the large number of model parameters, limited sample size, and weak signals, the construction of both GeO-GGMs and GeR-GGMs is often unsatisfactory. In this article, we recognize that with the regulation between gene expressions and regulators, the sparsity structures of a GeO-GGM and its GeR-GGM counterpart can satisfy a hierarchy. Accordingly, we propose a joint estimation which reinforces the hierarchical structure and use the construction of a GeO-GGM to assist that of its GeR-GGM counterpart and vice versa. Consistency properties are rigorously established, and an effective computational algorithm is developed. In simulation, the assisted construction outperforms the separation construction of GeO-GGM and GeR-GGM. Two The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets are analyzed, leading to findings different from the direct competitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangdi Yi
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University
| | - Qingzhao Zhang
- Department of Statistics, School of Economics; Key Laboratory of Econometrics, Ministry of Education; The Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics, Xiamen University
| | - Yifan Sun
- Center of Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University
- Department of Statistics, School of Economics; Key Laboratory of Econometrics, Ministry of Education; The Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics, Xiamen University
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22
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Abstract
The modified Cholesky decomposition (MCD) is a powerful tool for estimating a covariance matrix. The regularization can be conveniently imposed on the linear regressions to encourage the sparsity in the estimated covariance matrix to accommodate the high-dimensional data. In this paper, we propose a Cholesky-based sparse ensemble estimate for covariance matrix by averaging a set of Cholesky factor estimates obtained from multiple variable orderings used in the MCD. The sparse estimation is enabled by encouraging the sparsity in the Cholesky factor. The theoretical consistent property is established under some regular conditions. The merits of the proposed method are illustrated through simulation and a maize genes data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunshi Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, China
| | - Mo Yang
- School of Finance, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, China
| | - Mingqiu Wang
- School of Statistics, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Hong Kang
- The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoning Kang
- International Business College and Institute of Supply Chain Analytics, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, China
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23
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Liu M, Devlin JC, Hu J, Volkova A, Battaglia TW, Ho M, Asplin JR, Byrd A, Loke P, Li H, Ruggles KV, Tsirigos A, Blaser MJ, Nazzal L. Microbial genetic and transcriptional contributions to oxalate degradation by the gut microbiota in health and disease. eLife 2021; 10:e63642. [PMID: 33769280 PMCID: PMC8062136 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over-accumulation of oxalate in humans may lead to nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Humans lack endogenous oxalate degradation pathways (ODP), but intestinal microbes can degrade oxalate using multiple ODPs and protect against its absorption. The exact oxalate-degrading taxa in the human microbiota and their ODP have not been described. We leverage multi-omics data (>3000 samples from >1000 subjects) to show that the human microbiota primarily uses the type II ODP, rather than type I. Furthermore, among the diverse ODP-encoding microbes, an oxalate autotroph, Oxalobacter formigenes, dominates this function transcriptionally. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently suffer from disrupted oxalate homeostasis and calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. We show that the enteric oxalate level is elevated in IBD patients, with highest levels in Crohn's disease (CD) patients with both ileal and colonic involvement consistent with known nephrolithiasis risk. We show that the microbiota ODP expression is reduced in IBD patients, which may contribute to the disrupted oxalate homeostasis. The specific changes in ODP expression by several important taxa suggest that they play distinct roles in IBD-induced nephrolithiasis risk. Lastly, we colonize mice that are maintained in the gnotobiotic facility with O. formigenes, using either a laboratory isolate or an isolate we cultured from human stools, and observed a significant reduction in host fecal and urine oxalate levels, supporting our in silico prediction of the importance of the microbiome, particularly O. formigenes in host oxalate homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Liu
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Joseph C Devlin
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Angelina Volkova
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical SciencesNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Melody Ho
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - John R Asplin
- Litholink Corporation, Laboratory Corporation of America HoldingsChicagoUnited States
| | - Allyson Byrd
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech IncSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | - P'ng Loke
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Huilin Li
- NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | | | | | - Martin J Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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Nagaraju M, Kumar A, Jalaja N, Rao DM, Kishor PBK. Functional Exploration of Chaperonin (HSP60/10) Family Genes and their Abiotic Stress-induced Expression Patterns in Sorghum bicolor. Curr Genomics 2021; 22:137-152. [PMID: 34220300 PMCID: PMC8188580 DOI: 10.2174/1389202922666210324154336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorghum, the C4 dry-land cereal, important for food, fodder, feed and fuel, is a model crop for abiotic stress tolerance with smaller genome size, genetic diversity, and bio-energy traits. The heat shock proteins/chaperonin 60s (HSP60/Cpn60s) assist the plastid proteins, and participate in the folding and aggregation of proteins. However, the functions of HSP60s in abiotic stress tolerance in Sorghum remain unclear. Methods Genome-wide screening and in silico characterization of SbHSP60s were carried out along with tissue and stress-specific expression analysis. Results A total of 36 HSP60 genes were identified in Sorghum bicolor. They were subdivided into 2 groups, the HSP60 and HSP10 co-chaperonins encoded by 30 and 6 genes, respectively. The genes are distributed on all the chromosomes, chromosome 1 being the hot spot with 9 genes. All the HSP60s were found hydrophilic and highly unstable. The HSP60 genes showed a large number of introns, the majority of them with more than 10. Among the 12 paralogs, only 1 was tandem and the remaining 11 segmental, indicating their role in the expansion of SbHSP60s. Majority of the SbHSP60 genes expressed uniformly in leaf while a moderate expression was observed in the root tissues, with the highest expression displayed by SbHSP60-1. From expression analysis, SbHSP60-3 for drought, SbHSP60-9 for salt, SbHSP60-9 and 24 for heat and SbHSP60-3, 9 and SbHSP10-2 have been found implicated for cold stress tolerance and appeared as the key regulatory genes. Conclusion This work paves the way for the utilization of chaperonin family genes for achieving abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nagaraju
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India.,Biochemistry Division, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Advance Center for Computational & Applied Biotechnology, Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Silk Park, Prem Nagar, Dehradun 248 007, India
| | - N Jalaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - D Manohar Rao
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - P B Kavi Kishor
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Turkez H, Cacciatore I, Marinelli L, Fornasari E, Aslan ME, Cadirci K, Kahraman CY, Caglar O, Tatar A, Di Biase G, Hacimuftuoglu A, Di Stefano A, Mardinoglu A. Glycyl-L-Prolyl-L-Glutamate Pseudotripeptides for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010126. [PMID: 33478054 PMCID: PMC7835747 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
So far, there is no effective disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in clinical practice. In this context, glycine-L-proline-L-glutamate (GPE) and its analogs may open the way for developing a novel molecule for treating neurodegenerative disorders, including AD. In turn, this study was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective potentials exerted by three novel GPE peptidomimetics (GPE1, GPE2, and GPE3) using an in vitro AD model. Anti-Alzheimer potentials were determined using a wide array of techniques, such as measurements of mitochondrial viability (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays, determination of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α-secretase and β-secretase activities, comparisons of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) levels, flow cytometric and microscopic detection of apoptotic and necrotic neuronal death, and investigating gene expression responses via PCR arrays involving 64 critical genes related to 10 different pathways. Our analysis showed that GPE peptidomimetics modulate oxidative stress, ACh depletion, α-secretase inactivation, apoptotic, and necrotic cell death. In vitro results suggested that treatments with novel GPE analogs might be promising therapeutic agents for treatment and/or or prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, Univerisity “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Chieti, Italy; (I.C.); (L.M.); (E.F.); (G.D.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Univerisity “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Chieti, Italy; (I.C.); (L.M.); (E.F.); (G.D.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, Univerisity “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Chieti, Italy; (I.C.); (L.M.); (E.F.); (G.D.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Mehmet Enes Aslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25200 Erzurum, Turkey; (M.E.A.); (O.C.)
| | - Kenan Cadirci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 25200 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Cigdem Yuce Kahraman
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (C.Y.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Ozge Caglar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25200 Erzurum, Turkey; (M.E.A.); (O.C.)
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (C.Y.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Di Biase
- Department of Pharmacy, Univerisity “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Chieti, Italy; (I.C.); (L.M.); (E.F.); (G.D.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, Univerisity “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Chieti, Italy; (I.C.); (L.M.); (E.F.); (G.D.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, 24075 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (A.M.)
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Tunim S, Phasuk Y, Aggrey SE, Duangjinda M. Increasing Fat Deposition Via Upregulates the Transcription of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Native Crossbred Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:E90. [PMID: 33466503 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Crossbreeding using exotic breeds is usually employed to improve the growth characteristics of indigenous chickens. This mating not only provides growth but adversely affects excess fat deposition as well. This deposition was regulated by a complicated cellular mechanism including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) function. Thus, we hypothesized that native chickens breed percentage might be related to PPARs gene expression. This study aimed to study the role of PPARs on fat deposition in chickens which was the different native genetic background. Our results indicated that increasing commercial breed percentage in the chicken leads to increased fat deposition via the increasing of PPARG gene expression. Therefore, the PPARG gene notable as a major gene of cellular fat deposition and might be applied in further study. Abstract This study aimed to study the role of PPARs on fat deposition in native crossbred chicken. We studied the growth, abdominal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular fat, and mRNA expression of PPARA and PPARG in adipose and muscle tissues of four chicken breeds (CH breed (100% Thai native chicken), KM1 (50% CH background), KM2 (25% CH background), and broiler (BR)). The result shows that the BR chickens had higher abdominal fat than other breeds (p < 0.05) and the KM2 had an abdominal fat percentage higher than KM1 and CH respectively (p < 0.05). The intramuscular fat of BR was greater than KM1 and CH (p < 0.05). In adipose tissue, PPARA expression was different among the chicken breeds. However, there were breed differences in PPARG expression. Study of abdominal fat PPARG expression showed the BR breed, KM1, and KM2 breed significantly greater (p < 0.05) than CH. In 8 to 12 weeks of age, the PPARG expression of the CH breed is less than (p < 0.05) KM2. Crossbreeding improved the growth of the Thai native breed, there was also a corresponding increase in carcass fatness. However, there appears to be a relationship between PPARG expression and fat deposition traits. therefore, PPARG activity hypothesized to plays a key role in lipid accumulation by up-regulation.
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Ju YL, Yue XF, Cao XY, Fang YL. Targeted Metabolomic and Transcript Level Analysis Reveals Quality Characteristic of Chinese Wild Grapes ( Vitis davidii Foex). Foods 2020; 9:foods9101387. [PMID: 33019551 PMCID: PMC7600675 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Native to China, spine grapes (Vitis davidii Foex) are an important wild grape species. Here, the quality characteristics of one white and three red spine grape clones were evaluated via targeted metabolomic and transcription level analysis. Xiangzhenzhu (XZZ) had the highest soluble sugar and organic acid content. Malvidin-3-acetyl-glucoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside were the characteristic anthocyanins in spine grapes, and significant differences in anthocyanin composition between different clones were detected. Anthocyanins were not detected in Baiyu (BY) grapes. The transcript levels of VdGST, VdF3′H, VdOMT, VdLDOX, and VdUFGT were significantly related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis and proportions. A total of 27 kinds of glycosidically bound volatiles (including alcohols, monoterpenes, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and phenolic acid) were identified in spine grapes, with Gaoshan #4 (G4) and BY grapes having the highest concentrations. The VdGT expression levels were closely related to glycosidically bound volatile concentrations. These results increase our understanding of the quality of wild spine grapes and further promote the development and use of wild grape resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-lun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
| | - Xiao-feng Yue
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
| | - Xue-ying Cao
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
| | - Yu-lin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-87091874; Fax: +86-29-87092233
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Besalú E, De Julián-Ortiz JV. Ranking Series of Cancer-Related Gene Expression Data by Means of the Superposing Significant Interaction Rules Method. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1293. [PMID: 32911598 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Superposing Significant Interaction Rules (SSIR) method is a combinatorial procedure that deals with symbolic descriptors of samples. It is able to rank the series of samples when those items are classified into two classes. The method selects preferential descriptors and, with them, generates rules that make up the rank by means of a simple voting procedure. Here, two application examples are provided. In both cases, binary or multilevel strings encoding gene expressions are considered as descriptors. It is shown how the SSIR procedure is useful for ranking the series of patient transcription data to diagnose two types of cancer (leukemia and prostate cancer) obtaining Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic (AU-ROC) values of 0.95 (leukemia prediction) and 0.80–0.90 (prostate). The preferential selected descriptors here are specific gene expressions, and this is potentially useful to point to possible key genes.
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Zangeneh FZ, Bagheri M, Shoushtari MS, Naghizadeh MM. Expression of ADR-α1, 2 and ADR-β2 in cumulus cell culture of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome and poor responder who are a candidate for IVF: the novel strategic role of clonidine in this expression. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:263-272. [PMID: 32878560 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1806320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alpha and beta-adrenoceptors (ADR-α1, 2, and β2) play a regulatory role in the folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in the ovarian follicles. This study aimed to measure these adrenoceptors mRNA and its protein levels in cumulus cells (CCs) culture of poor ovarian reserve (POR) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) infertile women (IVF candidate) and the effect of clonidine treatment at CCs culture. METHODS This case/control study was conducted in 2017 includes a control (donation oocytes) and two studies (PCO and POR) groups. The ovulation induction drugs were prescribed in all groups. After the oocyte puncture, the follicular fluid was collected and CCs were isolated were cultured. RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized and designed the primer for the ADR-α1, 2 and ADR-β2 gene expression. The protein levels were investigated by Western Blot. RESULTS The results showed a high level of three adrenergic expressions in PCO women compared to the control group (p-value <.001), which can be reduced by clonidine. POR group showed a significant decrease in the gene expression of ADR-α1 (p-value = .004) and ADR-α2 (p-value = .003) compared to the control group and clonidine treatment had no effect. CONCLUSION The significant increase of three adrenoceptors gene expression and protein levels in CCs culture indicate to the hyperactivity of the ovarian sympathetic nervous system at the receptor levels in women with PCOS, and clonidine confirmed it by reducing this expression. In POR women, the reduction of ADR-α1, 2 expressions maybe lead to the aging process in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Bagheri
- Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shaath H, Alajez NM. Computational and Transcriptome Analyses Revealed Preferential Induction of Chemotaxis and Lipid Synthesis by SARS-CoV-2. Biology (Basel) 2020; 9:E260. [PMID: 32882823 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The continuous and rapid emergence of new viral strains calls for a better understanding of the fundamental changes occurring within the host cell upon viral infection. In this study, we analyzed RNA-seq transcriptome data from Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to five other viruses namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-MERS), influenzavirus A (FLUA), influenzavirus B (FLUB), and rhinovirus (RHINO) compared to mock-infected cells and characterized their coding and noncoding RNA transcriptional portraits. The induction of interferon, inflammatory, and immune response was a hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Comprehensive bioinformatics revealed the activation of immune response and defense response to the virus as a common feature of viral infection. Interestingly however, the degree of functional categories and signaling pathways activation varied among different viruses. Ingenuity pathways analysis highlighted altered conical and casual pathways related to TNF, IL1A, and TLR7, which are seen more predominantly during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nonetheless, the activation of chemotaxis and lipid synthesis was prominent in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Despite the commonality among all viruses, our data revealed the hyperactivation of chemotaxis and immune cell trafficking as well as the enhanced fatty acid synthesis as plausible mechanisms that could explain the inflammatory cytokine storms associated with severe cases of COVID-19 and the rapid spread of the virus, respectively.
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Vishnubalaji R, Shaath H, Alajez NM. Protein Coding and Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Transcriptional Landscape in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Bronchial Epithelial Cells Highlight a Role for Interferon and Inflammatory Response. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E760. [PMID: 32646047 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The global spread of COVID-19, caused by pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) underscores the need for an imminent response from medical research communities to better understand this rapidly spreading infection. Employing multiple bioinformatics and computational pipelines on transcriptome data from primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) during SARS-CoV-2 infection revealed activation of several mechanistic networks, including those involved in immunoglobulin G (IgG) and interferon lambda (IFNL) in host cells. Induction of acute inflammatory response and activation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was prominent in SARS-CoV-2 infected NHBE cells. Additionally, disease and functional analysis employing ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) revealed activation of functional categories related to cell death, while those associated with viral infection and replication were suppressed. Several interferon (IFN) responsive gene targets (IRF9, IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, IFITM1, MX1, OAS2, OAS3, IFI44 and IFI44L) were highly upregulated in SARS-CoV-2 infected NBHE cell, implying activation of antiviral IFN innate response. Gene ontology and functional annotation of differently expressed genes in patient lung tissues with COVID-19 revealed activation of antiviral response as the hallmark. Mechanistic network analysis in IPA identified 14 common activated, and 9 common suppressed networks in patient tissue, as well as in the NHBE cell model, suggesting a plausible role for these upstream regulator networks in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Our data revealed expression of several viral proteins in vitro and in patient-derived tissue, while several host-derived long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified. Our data highlights activation of IFN response as the main hallmark associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in human, and identified several differentially expressed lncRNAs during the course of infection, which could serve as disease biomarkers, while their precise role in the host response to SARS-CoV-2 remains to be investigated.
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Saribudak A, Subick AA, Kim NH, Rutta JA, Uyar MU. Gene Expressions, Hippocampal Volume Loss, and MMSE Scores in Computation of Progression and Pharmacologic Therapy Effects for Alzheimer's Disease. IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform 2020; 17:608-622. [PMID: 31722481 PMCID: PMC7241288 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2018.2870363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We build personalized relevance parameterization method (prep-ad) based on artificial intelligence (ai) techniques to compute Alzheimer's disease (ad) progression for patients at the mild cognitive impairment (mci) stage. Expressions of ad related genes, mini mental state examination (mmse) scores, and hippocampal volume measurements of mci patients are obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (adni) database. In evaluation of cognitive changes under pharmacological therapies, patients are grouped based on available clinical measurements and the type of therapy administered, namely donepezil monotherapy and polytherapy of donepezil with memantine. Average leave one out cross validation (loocv) error rates are calculated for prep-ad results as less than 8 percent when mmse scores are used to compute disease progression for a 60 month period, and 3 percent with hippocampal volume measurements for 12 months. Statistical significance is calculated as p = 0.003 for using ad related genes in disease progression and as for the results computed by prep-ad. These relatively small average loocv errors and p-values suggest that our prep-ad methods employing gene expressions, mmse scores and hippocampal volume loss measurements can be useful in supporting pharmacologic therapy decisions during early stages of ad.
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Morak-Młodawska B, Pluta K, Latocha M, Jeleń M, Kuśmierz D, Suwińska K, Shkurenko A, Czuba Z, Jurzak M. 10 H-1,9-diazaphenothiazine and its 10-derivatives: synthesis, characterisation and biological evaluation as potential anticancer agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1298-1306. [PMID: 31307242 PMCID: PMC6691808 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1639695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
10H-1,9-diazaphenothiazine was obtained in the sulphurisation reaction of diphenylamine with elemental sulphur and transformed into new 10-substituted derivatives, containing alkyl and dialkylaminoalkyl groups at the thiazine nitrogen atom. The 1,9-diazaphenothiazine ring system was identified with advanced 1H and 13C NMR techniques (COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC) and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis of the methyl derivative. The compounds exhibited significant anticancer activities against the human glioblastoma SNB-19, melanoma C-32 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The most active 1,9-diazaphenothiazines were the derivatives with the propynyl and N, N-diethylaminoethyl groups being more potent than cisplatin. For those two compounds, the expression of H3, TP53, CDKN1A, BCL-2 and BAX genes was detected by the RT-QPCR method. The proteome profiling study showed the most probable compound action on SNB-19 cells through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. The 1,9-diazaphenotiazine system seems to be more potent than known isomeric ones (1,6-diaza-, 1,8-diaza-, 2,7-diaza- and 3,6-diazaphenothiazine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Morak-Młodawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krystian Pluta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Latocha
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jeleń
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kuśmierz
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Kinga Suwińska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warszawa, Poland
- A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksander Shkurenko
- Division of Physical Functional Materials Design, Discovery & Development Research Group (FMD3), Sciences and Engineering Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAU ST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zenon Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jurzak
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Calura E, Ciciani M, Sambugaro A, Paracchini L, Benvenuto G, Milite S, Martini P, Beltrame L, Zane F, Fruscio R, Delle Marchette M, Borella F, Tognon G, Ravaggi A, Katsaros D, Bignotti E, Odicino F, D’Incalci M, Marchini S, Romualdi C. Transcriptional Characterization of Stage I Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Multicentric Study. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121554. [PMID: 31805750 PMCID: PMC6952972 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents about 10% of all EOCs. It is characterized by a complex histopathological and molecular heterogeneity, and it is composed of five main histological subtypes (mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell and high, and low grade serous), which have peculiar genetic, molecular, and clinical characteristics. As it occurs less frequently than advanced-stage EOC, its molecular features have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, using in silico approaches and gene expression data, on a multicentric cohort composed of 208 snap-frozen tumor biopsies, we explored the subtype-specific molecular alterations that regulate tumor aggressiveness in stage I EOC. We found that single genes rather than pathways are responsible for histotype specificities and that a cAMP-PKA-CREB1 signaling axis seems to play a central role in histotype differentiation. Moreover, our results indicate that immune response seems to be, at least in part, involved in histotype differences, as a higher immune-reactive behavior of serous and mucinous samples was observed with respect to other histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Calura
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Matteo Ciciani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Povo Trento, Italy;
| | - Andrea Sambugaro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Lara Paracchini
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (L.P.); (L.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Benvenuto
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Salvatore Milite
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Paolo Martini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Luca Beltrame
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (L.P.); (L.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Flaminia Zane
- Unit of Biological Adaptation and Ageing UMR8256, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Robert Fruscio
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (R.F.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Martina Delle Marchette
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (R.F.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Fulvio Borella
- Department of Surgical Science and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Città della Salute, presidio S.Anna, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Germana Tognon
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.T.); (E.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Antonella Ravaggi
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Dionyssios Katsaros
- Department of Surgical Science and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Città della Salute, presidio S.Anna, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Eliana Bignotti
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.T.); (E.B.); (F.O.)
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Franco Odicino
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.T.); (E.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Maurizio D’Incalci
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (L.P.); (L.B.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergio Marchini
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (L.P.); (L.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Chiara Romualdi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (S.M.); (P.M.); (C.R.)
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Ryel Min B, McTear K, Wang HH, Joakin M, Gurung N, Abrahamsen F, Solaiman S, Sue Eun J, Hon Lee J, Dietz LA, Zeller WE. Influence of elevated protein and tannin-rich peanut skin supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass traits and immune-related gene expression of grazing meat goats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 104:88-100. [PMID: 31724236 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to define whether elevated rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) and tannin-rich peanut skin (PS) supplementation would affect animal growth performance, average daily gain (ADG), blood metabolites, carcass traits associated with lipogenic and immune-related gene expressions in meat goats grazing winter wheat (WW). Thirty-six Kiko-crossbreed male goats at approximately 6 months of age were blocked by body weight (BW; 25.6 ± 1.1 kg) and randomly assigned to one of the four treatments with two replicates based on a 2 × 2 factorial design. Diets contained PS replacing alfalfa meal (ALM), without or with RUP supplementation. Both PS and ALM were incorporated into grain mix portion of the diet and pelletized, with remaining diets fed ad libitum of WW forage for a period of 51 days. Lipogenic genes examined included SCD, ACLY, YWHAZ, PPIA and FABP4, while immune-related genes examined included ACTB (as a control gene), H3F3A, PPIA, IRF3, STAT2, HERC3 and IFIT3 antibody genes. The meat goats on PS-pellet-supplemented group with or without RUP supplementation grew 38.5% faster ADG (p < .001) when compared to control-supplemented group. When goats received PS diet, empty body weight, hot carcass, cold carcass, shoulder, hind shank, rack, loin and fat thickness were greater (p < .05) than control diet. Animals on PS-pellet had higher ACLY, YWHAZ, PPIA and FABP4 gene expression (p < .05) when compared to ALM-pellet control, with RUP by PS-pellet interactions (p < .01). Goats receiving additional RUP supplementation had increased (p < .05) STAT2 gene expression, whereas goats receiving PS-pellet supplementation showed increased STAT2 (p < .05) and a tendency to increase IRF3 (p = .07) gene expressions. In conclusion, the addition of PS-pellet or RUP supplementation has the potential to improve ADG and altered selected lipogenic and immune-related gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeng Ryel Min
- Conservation and Production Laboratory, USDA/ARS, Bushland, Texas.,Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Kristie McTear
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Hong Hae Wang
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Morris Joakin
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Nar Gurung
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Frank Abrahamsen
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Sandra Solaiman
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Jung Sue Eun
- Institute of Integrated Technology, CJ Cheil Jedang, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung Hon Lee
- College of Agriculture, Family Sciences and Technology, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, Georgia
| | - Lucas A Dietz
- U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA/ARS, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Wayne E Zeller
- U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA/ARS, Madison, Wisconsin
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Nghiem L, Potgieter C. Simulation-selection-extrapolation: Estimation in high-dimensional errors-in-variables models. Biometrics 2019; 75:1133-1144. [PMID: 31260084 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Errors-in-variables models in high-dimensional settings pose two challenges in application. First, the number of observed covariates is larger than the sample size, while only a small number of covariates are true predictors under an assumption of model sparsity. Second, the presence of measurement error can result in severely biased parameter estimates, and also affects the ability of penalized methods such as the lasso to recover the true sparsity pattern. A new estimation procedure called SIMulation-SELection-EXtrapolation (SIMSELEX) is proposed. This procedure makes double use of lasso methodology. First, the lasso is used to estimate sparse solutions in the simulation step, after which a group lasso is implemented to do variable selection. The SIMSELEX estimator is shown to perform well in variable selection, and has significantly lower estimation error than naive estimators that ignore measurement error. SIMSELEX can be applied in a variety of errors-in-variables settings, including linear models, generalized linear models, and Cox survival models. It is furthermore shown in the Supporting Information how SIMSELEX can be applied to spline-based regression models. A simulation study is conducted to compare the SIMSELEX estimators to existing methods in the linear and logistic model settings, and to evaluate performance compared to naive methods in the Cox and spline models. Finally, the method is used to analyze a microarray dataset that contains gene expression measurements of favorable histology Wilms tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Nghiem
- Research School of Finance, Actuarial Studies and Statistics, College of Business and Economics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Cornelis Potgieter
- Department of Mathematics, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas.,Department of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Wang ZC, Yu HM, Xie JJ, Cui H, Nie H, Zhang T, Gao XH. Effect of dietary zinc pectin oligosaccharides chelate on growth performance, enzyme activities, Zn accumulation, metallothionein concentration, and gene expression of Zn transporters in broiler chickens1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:2114-2124. [PMID: 30753602 PMCID: PMC6488314 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate the effect of zinc pectin oligosaccharides chelate (Zn-POS) on growth performance, serum enzyme activities, tissue zinc accumulation, metallothionein (MT) concentrations, and gene expression of zinc transporters (ZnT) in broilers. Five hundred forty 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 5 dietary groups with 6 replicates of 18 birds per replicate. The diets were formulated with the same supplemental Zn level (80 mg/kg diet) but different amount of the Zn-POS: 0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg Zn-POS/kg diet. ZnSO4 was used to adjust to the desired amount of the Zn (80 mg/kg) in the Zn-POS diets. Broilers were fed with the experimental diets for 42 d including the starter (days 1 to 21) and grower (days 22 to 42) phases. Our results showed that dietary supplementation of Zn-POS linearly and quadratically increased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio during 22 to 42 d and 1 to 42 d as well as body weight on day 42, whereas reduced (P < 0.05) the sum of mortality and lag abnormalities in broilers on day 42. Besides, serum alkaline phosphatase and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activities increased (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically in response to dietary Zn-POS supplemental level on day 42. Dietary Zn-POS supplementation increased Zn accumulation in serum (linear, P < 0.05), liver (linear, P < 0.05), and pancreas (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). In addition, Zn-POS supplementation linearly and quadratically increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively) MT concentrations in liver and pancreas of broilers. Pancreatic mRNA levels of MT, ZnT-1, and ZnT-2 increased (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically, and the mRNA expression of metal response element-binding transcription factor-1 increased linearly (P < 0.05), in response to dietary Zn-POS supplementation. In conclusion, supplementation of Zn-POS in the diet increases Zn enrichment in the metabolic organs such as liver and pancreas and promotes productive performance in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Cheng Wang
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Min Yu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Jing Xie
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hu Cui
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Nie
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tietao Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiu Hua Gao
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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Giuliani C. The Flavonoid Quercetin Induces AP-1 Activation in FRTL-5 Thyroid Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E112. [PMID: 31035637 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that quercetin inhibits thyroid function both in vitro and in vivo. An attempt to evaluate the effect of quercetin at the promoter level of the thyroid-specific genes led to the observation that this compound induces the basal activity of the reporter vector. Therefore, the action of quercetin has been evaluated on the basal activity of several reporter vectors: The PGL3 basic, promoter and control vectors from Promega, and a pSV-based chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter vector. In the Fisher Rat Thyroid cell Line FRTL-5 thyroid cells transiently transfected, quercetin 10 μM increased the basal activity of all the reporter vectors evaluated, although the degree of the effect was significantly different among them. The analysis of the difference among the regulatory regions of these vectors identified the activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding site as one of the potential sites involved in the quercetin effect. Electromobility shift assay experiments showed that the treatment with quercetin induced the binding of a protein complex to an oligonucleotide containing the AP-1 consensus binding site. This is the first study showing an effect of quercetin on AP-1 activity in thyroid cells. Further studies are in progress to understand the role of AP-1 activation in the effects of quercetin on thyroid function.
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Alhusaini A, Hasan IH, Aldowsari N, Alsaadan N. Prophylactic Administration of Nanocurcumin Abates the Incidence of Liver Toxicity Induced by an Overdose of Copper Sulfate: Role of CYP4502E1, NF-κB and Bax Expressions. Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818816284. [PMID: 30622449 PMCID: PMC6302274 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818816284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The consequences of excess copper in human tissue are the alterations in the oxidative stress markers and peroxidative damage of membrane lipids. Unselective copper binding may be the clue to damaging impact to protein construction and hence modifying their biological functions. The aim of this study is to match the hepatoprotective efficacy of curcumin (CM) or nanocurcumin (NCM) with that of desferrioxamine (DSF; standard heavy metal chelator) against toxic doses of copper sulphate (CuSO4). Method All treatments were given simultaneously with CuSO4 for 7 days. Result CuSO4 administration elevated serum alanine transaminase, and hepatic nitric oxide (NO), lipid peroxide, and caspase-3 as well as protein expression of cytochrome P4502E1, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Bax gene expressions. On the other hand, hepatic levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and interleukin-10 were decreased, whereas DNA degradation was increased as well compared with the control group. The administration of the aforementioned antioxidants ameliorated all the previous altered measured parameters. Interestingly, NCM achieved the most pronounced hepatoprotective effect nearly equivalent to that of DSF. Conclusion It was concluded that NCM is considered a promising candidate against CuSO4 toxicity, and cytochrome P450, NF-κB, and Bax are involved in its toxicity and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Alhusaini
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman H Hasan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Aldowsari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Njood Alsaadan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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40
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Sarigöl-Kiliç Z, Ündeğer-Bucurgat Ü. The Apoptotic and Anti-apoptotic Effects of Pendimethalin and Trifluralin on A549 Cells In Vitro. Turk J Pharm Sci 2018; 15:364-369. [PMID: 32454683 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.94695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Pendimethalin and trifluralin are commonly used in many countries to control broadleaf weeds and grassy weed species because of their inhibitor effects on growth and cell division. In this study, we examined the apoptotic and anti-apoptotic potentials of pendimethalin and trifluralin on A549 human non-small lung cancer cells with several concentrations in vitro. Materials and Methods The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes BCL-2, BAX, CAS3, CAS9, P53, BIRC, and PPIA were examined using quantitative RT-PCR after 24 h treatment of 1, 10, 50, 100 and 500 μM pendimethalin and trifluralin. Results The effects of pendimethalin were found more repressive than trifluralin on all studied concentrations. Twenty-four hours' exposure with 100 μM pendimethalin and trifluralin altered the gene expressions, suppressing apoptosis and allowing cancer cells to grow and proliferate. Conclusion Care should be taken not to exceed the permissible values and residue limits in food during pendimethalin and trifluralin use in order to reduce the possible carcinogenic effects on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Sarigöl-Kiliç
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Ündeğer-Bucurgat
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhou W, Ma Y, Zhang J, Hu J, Zhang M, Wang Y, Li Y, Wu L, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Li H, Lu L, Jin L, Wang J, Yuan Z, Liu J. Predictive model for inflammation grades of chronic hepatitis B: Large-scale analysis of clinical parameters and gene expressions. Liver Int 2017; 37:1632-1641. [PMID: 28328162 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver biopsy is the gold standard to assess pathological features (eg inflammation grades) for hepatitis B virus-infected patients although it is invasive and traumatic; meanwhile, several gene profiles of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) have been separately described in relatively small hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected samples. We aimed to analyse correlations among inflammation grades, gene expressions and clinical parameters (serum alanine amino transaminase, aspartate amino transaminase and HBV-DNA) in large-scale CHB samples and to predict inflammation grades by using clinical parameters and/or gene expressions. METHODS We analysed gene expressions with three clinical parameters in 122 CHB samples by an improved regression model. Principal component analysis and machine-learning methods including Random Forest, K-nearest neighbour and support vector machine were used for analysis and further diagnosis models. Six normal samples were conducted to validate the predictive model. RESULTS Significant genes related to clinical parameters were found enriching in the immune system, interferon-stimulated, regulation of cytokine production, anti-apoptosis, and etc. A panel of these genes with clinical parameters can effectively predict binary classifications of inflammation grade (area under the ROC curve [AUC]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77-0.93), validated by normal samples. A panel with only clinical parameters was also valuable (AUC: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65-0.86), indicating that liquid biopsy method for detecting the pathology of CHB is possible. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to systematically elucidate the relationships among gene expressions, clinical parameters and pathological inflammation grades in CHB, and to build models predicting inflammation grades by gene expressions and/or clinical parameters as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Zhou
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yida Pan
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitong Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanqing Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lungen Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghong Yuan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Department of Immunology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Department of Immunology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhou L, Yang G, Sun H, Tang J, Yang J, Wang Y, Garran TA, Guo L. Effects of different doses of cadmium on secondary metabolites and gene expression in Artemisia annua L. Front Med 2017; 11:137-146. [PMID: 27928651 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of artemisinin accumulation induced by Cd. The effects of different Cd concentrations (0, 20, 60, and 120 μmol/L) on the biosynthesis of Artemisia annua L. were examined. Intermediate and end products were quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The expression of key biosynthesis enzymes was also determined by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the application of treatment with 60 and 120 μmol/L Cd for 3 days significantly improved the biosynthesis of artemisinic acid, arteannuin B, and artemisinin. The concentrations of artemisinic acid, arteannuin B, and artemisinin in the 120 μmol/L Cd-treated group were 2.26, 102.08, and 33.63 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The concentrations of arteannuin B and artemisinin in 60 μmol/L Cd-treated leaves were 61.10 and 26.40 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The relative expression levels of HMGR, FPS, ADS, CYP71AV1, DBR2, ALDH1, and DXR were up-regulated in the 120 μmol/L Cd-treated group because of increased contents of artemisinic metabolites after 3 days of treatment. Hence, appropriate doses of Cd can increase the concentrations of artemisinic metabolites at a certain time point by up-regulating the relative expression levels of key enzyme genes involved in artemisinin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyun Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Guang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jinfu Tang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jian Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yizhan Wang
- Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100523, China
| | - Thomas Avery Garran
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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43
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Chiu CY, Chang TC, Liu SH, Chiang MT. The regulatory effects of fish oil and chitosan on hepatic lipogenic signals in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:919-30. [PMID: 28987369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the regulatory effects of fish oil and chitosan on the signals of hepatic lipid metabolism and the postulated mechanism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Diet supplementation of chitosan and fish oil efficiently suppressed the increased weights in body and livers of high-fat diet-fed rats. Supplementation of chitosan and fish oil significantly decreased the activities of hepatic lipid biosynthesis-related enzymes and efficiently regulated plasma lipoprotein homeostasis. Both chitosan and fish oil significantly ameliorated the alterations in the protein expressions of hepatic lipogenic transcription factors (LXRα and PPARα), and could also significantly regulate the downstream hepatic lipogenic genes (FAS, HMGCR, CYP7A1, FATP, FABP, AOX, and ABCA) expressions in high-fat diet-fed rats. These results suggest that both fish oil and chitosan exerts downregulative effects on hepatic lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats via the LXRα inhibition and PPARα activation, which further affect the expressions of hepatic lipogenesis-associated genes.
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Annavarapu CSR, Dara S, Banka H. Cancer microarray data feature selection using multi-objective binary particle swarm optimization algorithm. EXCLI J 2016; 15:460-473. [PMID: 27822174 PMCID: PMC5083964 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer investigations in microarray data play a major role in cancer analysis and the treatment. Cancer microarray data consists of complex gene expressed patterns of cancer. In this article, a Multi-Objective Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (MOBPSO) algorithm is proposed for analyzing cancer gene expression data. Due to its high dimensionality, a fast heuristic based pre-processing technique is employed to reduce some of the crude domain features from the initial feature set. Since these pre-processed and reduced features are still high dimensional, the proposed MOBPSO algorithm is used for finding further feature subsets. The objective functions are suitably modeled by optimizing two conflicting objectives i.e., cardinality of feature subsets and distinctive capability of those selected subsets. As these two objective functions are conflicting in nature, they are more suitable for multi-objective modeling. The experiments are carried out on benchmark gene expression datasets, i.e., Colon, Lymphoma and Leukaemia available in literature. The performance of the selected feature subsets with their classification accuracy and validated using 10 fold cross validation techniques. A detailed comparative study is also made to show the betterment or competitiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Dara
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Haider Banka
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand, India
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Morak-Młodawska B, Pluta K, Latocha M, Suwińska K, Jeleń M, Kuśmierz D. 3,6-Diazaphenothiazines as potential lead molecules - synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1512-9. [PMID: 26950280 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1151014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
3,6-Diazaphenothiazines were obtained in cyclization of 3-amino-3'-nitro-2,4'-dipyridinyl sulfide and the reaction of sodium 3-amino-2-pyridinethiolate with 4-chloro-3-nitropyridine followed by alkylation and heteroarylation. The thiazine ring formation ran via the Smiles rearrangement. The structure elucidation was based on 2D NMR and X-ray analysis of N-methylated product. 3,6-Diazaphenothiazines were investigated for antitumor activity using glioblastoma SNB-19, melanoma C-32 and breast cancer MCF-7 cells. 10H-3,6-diazaphenothiazine was 10 times more active (IC50 < 0.72 μg/mL) than cisplatin. Two diazaphenothiazines with the 2-pyrimidinyl and dimethylaminopropyl substituents were selectively active against MCF-7 and C-32 cells. The expressions of H3 (proliferation marker), TP53, CDKN1A (cell cycle regulators), BAX and BCL-2 (proapoptopic and antiapoptopic genes) were detected by RT-QPCR method. The expression analysis suggests the cell cycle arrest and the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway activation in MCF-7 and SNB-19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Morak-Młodawska
- a Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine , The Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - Krystian Pluta
- a Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine , The Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - Małgorzata Latocha
- b Department of Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine , The Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec , Poland , and
| | - Kinga Suwińska
- c Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University , Warszawa , Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jeleń
- a Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine , The Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - Dariusz Kuśmierz
- b Department of Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine , The Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec , Poland , and
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Bahmani R, Kim DG, Kim JA, Hwang S. The Density and Length of Root Hairs Are Enhanced in Response to Cadmium and Arsenic by Modulating Gene Expressions Involved in Fate Determination and Morphogenesis of Root Hairs in Arabidopsis. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1763. [PMID: 27933081 PMCID: PMC5120091 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are tubular outgrowths that originate from epidermal cells. Exposure of Arabidopsis to cadmium (Cd) and arsenic [arsenite, As(III)] increases root hair density and length. To examine the underlying mechanism, we measured the expression of genes involved in fate determination and morphogenesis of root hairs. Cd and As(III) downregulated TTG1 and GL2 (negative regulators of fate determination) and upregulated GEM (positive regulator), suggesting that root hair fate determination is stimulated by Cd and As(III). Cd and As(III) increased the transcript levels of genes involved in root hair initiation (RHD6 and AXR2) and root hair elongation (AUX1, AXR1, ETR1, and EIN2) except CTR1. DR5::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis showed a higher DR5 expression in the root tip, suggesting that Cd and As(III) increased the auxin content in the root tip. Knockdown of TTG1 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased root hair density and decreased root hair length compared with the control (Col-0) on 1/2 MS media. This phenotype may be attributed to the downregulation of GL2 and CTR1 and upregulation of RHD6. By contrast, gem mutant plants displayed a decrease in root hair density and length with reduced expression of RHD6, AXR2, AUX1, AXR1, ETR1, CTR1, and EIN2. Taken together, our results indicate that fate determination, initiation, and elongation of root hairs are stimulated in response to Cd and As(III) through the modulation of the expression of genes involved in these processes in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Bahmani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Dong G. Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Jin A. Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbin Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Seongbin Hwang,
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Dkhil MA, Bauomy AA, Diab MSM, Al-Quraishy S. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective role of gold nanoparticles against murine hepatic schistosomiasis. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7467-75. [PMID: 26719689 PMCID: PMC4687720 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s97622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have become the focus of much attention in biomedical research, especially in the context of nanomedicine, due to their distinctive physicochemical properties. The current study was planned to assess the effect of three dose levels of AuNPs on the gene expression, histology, and oxidative stress status of Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice liver. Inoculation of mice with 100 μL AuNPs at different doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg mice body weight) twice on day 46 and day 49 postinfection reduced the total worm burden, the egg load in the liver, and the granuloma size. AuNPs also appeared to decrease the activities of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide significantly, and increase the level of glutathione compared to the infected untreated group. Concomitantly, AuNPs ameliorated the inflammatory response by decreasing the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. These consistent molecular, histopathological, and biochemical data suggest that AuNPs could ameliorate infection-induced damage in the livers of mice. Our results indicated that AuNPs are effective anti-schistosomal and antioxidant agents. Further confirmation of the role of nanogold as an anti-schistosomal agent, as well as its mechanism of action, requires further studies to be undertaken in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Dkhil
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A Bauomy
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt ; Department of Laboratory Sciences, College of Science & Arts, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa S M Diab
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control & Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Muneer S, Jeong BR. Genotypic Variation under Fe Deficiency Results in Rapid Changes in Protein Expressions and Genes Involved in Fe Metabolism and Antioxidant Mechanisms in Tomato Seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28022-37. [PMID: 26602920 PMCID: PMC4691033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate Fe deficiency tolerance in tomato cultivars, quantification of proteins and genes involved in Fe metabolism and antioxidant mechanisms were performed in “Roggusanmaru” and “Super Doterang”. Fe deficiency (Moderate, low and –Fe) significantly decreased the biomass, total, and apoplastic Fe concentration of “Roggusanmaru”, while a slight variation was observed in “Super Doterang” cultivar. The quantity of important photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents significantly decreased in “Roggusanmaru” than “Super Doterang” cultivar. The total protein profile in leaves and roots determines that “Super Doterang” exhibited an optimal tolerance to Fe deficiency compared to “Roggusanmaru” cultivar. A reduction in expression of PSI (photosystem I), PSII (photosystem II) super-complexes and related thylakoid protein contents were detected in “Roggusanmaru” than “Super Doterang” cultivar. Moreover, the relative gene expression of SlPSI and SlPSII were well maintained in “Super Doterang” than “Roggusanmaru” cultivar. The relative expression of genes involved in Fe-transport (SlIRT1 and SlIRT2) and Fe(III) chelates reductase oxidase (SlFRO1) were relatively reduced in “Roggusanmaru”, while increased in “Super Doterang” cultivar under Fe deficient conditions. The H+-ATPase relative gene expression (SlAHA1) in roots were maintained in “Super Doterang” compared to “Roggusanmaru”. Furthermore, the gene expressions involved in antioxidant defense mechanisms (SlSOD, SlAPX and SlCAT) in leaves and roots showed that these genes were highly increased in “Super Doterang”, whereas decreased in “Roggusanmaru” cultivar under Fe deficiency. The present study suggested that “Super Doterang” is better tomato cultivar than “Roggusanmaru” for calcareous soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowbiya Muneer
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Byoung Ryong Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
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Tang HC, Chen WC, Chiang CW, Chen LY, Chang YC, Chen CH. Differentiation Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma Concentrations on Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Pigs Cultivated in Alginate Complex Hydrogel. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:18507-21. [PMID: 26262616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160818507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This article studied the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the potential of synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells (SF-MSCs) to differentiate. The PRP and SF-MSCs were obtained from the blood and knees of pigs, respectively. The identification of SF-MSCs and their ability to differentiate were studied by histological and surface epitopes, respectively. The SF-MSCs can undergo trilineage mesenchymal differentiation under osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipocyte induction. The effects of various PRP concentrations (0%, 20% and 50% PRP) on differentiation were evaluated using the SF-MSCs-alginate system, such as gene expression and DNA proliferation. A 50% PRP concentration yielded better differentiation than the 20% PRP concentration. PRP favored the chondrogenesis of SF-MSCs over their osteogenesis in a manner that depended on the ratios of type II collagen/type I collagen and aggrecan/osteopontin. Eventually, PRP promoted the proliferation of SF-MSCs and induced chondrogenic differentiation of SF-MSCs in vitro. Both PRP and SF-MSCs could be feasibly used in regenerative medicine and orthopedic surgeries.
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Chen YY, Chen JC, Lin YC, Yeh ST, Huang CL. White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei That Have Received Gracilaria tenuistipitata Extract Show Early Recovery of Immune Parameters after Ammonia Stressing. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:3606-24. [PMID: 26058012 PMCID: PMC4483647 DOI: 10.3390/md13063606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei immersed in seawater (35‰) containing Gracilaria tenuistipitata extract (GTE) at 0 (control), 400, and 600 mg/L for 3 h were exposed to 5 mg/L ammonia-N (ammonia as nitrogen), and immune parameters including hyaline cells (HCs), granular cells (GCs, including semi-granular cells), total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory bursts (RBs), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lysozyme activity, and hemolymph protein level were examined 24~120 h post-stress. The immune parameters of shrimp immersed in 600 mg/L GTE returned to original values earlier, at 96~120 h post-stress, whereas in control shrimp they did not. In another experiment, shrimp were immersed in seawater containing GTE at 0 and 600 mg/L for 3 h and examined for transcript levels of immune-related genes at 24 h post-stress. Transcript levels of lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PX), cytMnSOD, mtMnSOD, and HSP70 were up-regulated at 24 h post-stress in GTE receiving shrimp. We concluded that white shrimp immersed in seawater containing GTE exhibited a capability for maintaining homeostasis by regulating cellular and humoral immunity against ammonia stress as evidenced by up-regulated gene expression and earlier recovery of immune parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yuan Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Jiann-Chu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Yong-Chin Lin
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Tuen Yeh
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Lun Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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