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Azhagesan A, Rajendran D, Varghese RP, George Priya Doss C, Chandrasekaran N. Assessment of polystyrene nano plastics effect on human salivary α-amylase structural alteration: Insights from an in vitro and in silico study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128650. [PMID: 38065455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The study found that the enzyme activity of human salivary α-amylase (α-AHS) was competitively inhibited by nanoplastic polystyrene (PS-NPs), with a half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 92 μg/mL, while the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) remained unchanged at 909 μg/mL•min. An increase in the concentration of PS-NPs led to a quenching of α-AHS fluorescence with a slight red shift, indicating a static mechanism. The binding constant (Ka) and quenching constant (Kq) were calculated to be 2.92 × 1011 M-1 and 1.078 × 1019 M-1• S-1 respectively, with a hill coefficient (n) close to one and an apparent binding equilibrium constant (KA) of 1.54 × 1011 M-1. Molecular docking results suggested that the interaction between α-AHS and PS-NPs involved π-anion interactions between the active site Asp197, Asp300 residues, and van der Waals force interactions affecting the Tyr, Trp, and other residues. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) analyses revealed conformational changes in α-AHS, including a loss of secondary structure α-helix and β-sheet. The study concludes that the interaction between α-AHS and PS-NPs leads to structural and functional changes in α-AHS, potentially impacting human health. This research provides a foundation for further toxicological analysis of MPs/NPs in the human digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthaselvam Azhagesan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Durgalakshmi Rajendran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India.
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Kumar S U, Varghese RP, Preethi VA, Doss CGP, Zayed H. Identification of Potential Inhibitors Targeting GTPase-Kirsten RAt Sarcoma Virus (K-Ras) Driven Cancers via E-Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Drug Repurposing Approach. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:288. [PMID: 38062837 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2811288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the K-Ras gene are among the most frequent genetic alterations in various cancers, and inhibiting RAS signaling has shown promising results in treating solid tumors. However, finding effective drugs that can bind to the RAS protein remains challenging. This drove us to explore new compounds that could inhibit tumor growth, particularly in cancers that harbor K-Ras mutations. METHODS Our study used bioinformatic techniques such as E-pharmacophore virtual screening, molecular simulation, principal component analysis (PCA), extra precision (XP) docking, and ADMET analyses to identify potential inhibitors for K-Ras mutants G12C and G12D. RESULTS In our study, we discovered that inhibitors such as afatinib, osimertinib, and hydroxychloroquine strongly inhibit the G12C mutant. Similarly, hydroxyzine, zuclopenthixol, fluphenazine, and doxapram were potent inhibitors for the G12D mutant. Notably, all six of these molecules exhibit a high binding affinity for the H95 cryptic groove present in the mutant structure. These molecules exhibited a unique affinity mechanism at the molecular level, which was further enhanced by hydrophobic interactions. Molecular simulations and PCA revealed the formation of stable complexes within switch regions I and II. This was particularly evident in three complexes: G12C-osimertinib, G12D-fluphenazine, and G12D-zuclopenthixol. Despite the dynamic nature of switches I and II in K-Ras, the interaction of inhibitors remained stable. According to QikProp results, the properties and descriptors of the selected molecules fell within an acceptable range compared to sotorasib. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully identified potential inhibitors of the K-Ras protein, laying the groundwork for the development of targeted therapies for cancers driven by K-Ras mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhaya Kumar S
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, 632014 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, 632014 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Anu Preethi
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, 632014 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, 632014 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 QU Health, Doha, Qatar
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Michael JS, Venkatesan M, Ninan MM, Solaimalai D, Sumanth LJ, Varghese L, Kurien R, Varghese RP, C GPD. Whole genome analysis of Rhizopus species causing rhino-cerebral mucormycosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1251456. [PMID: 38029246 PMCID: PMC10644343 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1251456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mucormycosis is an acute invasive fungal disease (IFD) seen mainly in immunocompromised hosts and in patients with uncontrolled diabetes. The incidence of mucormycosis increased exponentially in India during the SARS-CoV-2 (henceforth COVID-19) pandemic. Since there was a lack of data on molecular epidemiology of Mucorales causing IFD during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, whole genome analysis of the Rhizopus spp. isolated during this period was studied along with the detection of mutations that are associated with antifungal drug resistance. Materials and methods A total of 50 isolates of Rhizopus spp. were included in this prospective study, which included 28 from patients with active COVID-19 disease, 9 from patients during the recovery phase, and 13 isolates from COVID-19-negative patients. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for the isolates, and the de novo assembly was done with the Spades assembler. Species identification was done by extracting the ITS gene sequence from each isolate followed by searching Nucleotide BLAST. The phylogenetic trees were made with extracted ITS gene sequences and 12 eukaryotic core marker gene sequences, respectively, to assess the genetic distance between our isolates. Mutations associated with intrinsic drug resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole were analyzed. Results All 50 patients presented to the hospital with acute fungal rhinosinusitis. These patients had a mean HbA1c of 11.2%, and a serum ferritin of 546.8 ng/mL. Twenty-five patients had received steroids. By WGS analysis, 62% of the Rhizopus species were identified as R. delemar. Bayesian analysis of population structure (BAPS) clustering categorized these isolates into five different groups, of which 28 belong to group 3, 9 to group 5, and 8 to group 1. Mutational analysis revealed that in the CYP51A gene, 50% of our isolates had frameshift mutations along with 7 synonymous mutations and 46% had only synonymous mutations, whereas in the CYP51B gene, 68% had only synonymous mutations and 26% did not have any mutations. Conclusion WGS analysis of Mucorales identified during and after the COVID-19 pandemic gives insight into the molecular epidemiology of these isolates in our community and establishes newer mechanisms for intrinsic azole resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Sarojini Michael
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manigandan Venkatesan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marilyn Mary Ninan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanalakshmi Solaimalai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lydia Jennifer Sumanth
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lalee Varghese
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, India
| | - Regi Kurien
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sekaran K, Varghese RP, Zayed H, El Allali A, George Priya Doss C. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals crucial oncogenic signatures and its associative cell types involved in gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:305. [PMID: 37740827 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
The intricate association of oncogenic markers negatively impacts accurate gastric cancer diagnosis and leads to the proliferation of mortality rate. Molecular heterogeneity is inevitable in determining gastric cancer's progression state with multiple cell types involved. Identification of pathogenic gene signatures is imperative to understand the disease's etiology. This study demonstrates a systematic approach to identifying oncogenic gastric cancer genes linked with different cell types. The raw counts of adjacent normal and gastric cancer samples are subjected to a quality control step. The dimensionality reduction and multidimensional clustering are performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) techniques. The adjacent normal and gastric cancer sample cell clusters are annotated with the Human Primary Cell Atlas database using the "SingleR." Cellular state transition between the distinct groups is characterized using trajectory analysis. The ligand-receptor interaction between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and cell clusters unveils crucial molecular pathways in gastric cancer progression. Chondrocytes, Smooth muscle cells, and fibroblast cell clusters contain genes contributing to poor survival rates based on hazard ratio during survival analysis. The GC-related oncogenic signatures are isolated by comparing the gene set with the DisGeNET database. Twelve gastric cancer biomarkers (SPARC, KLF5, HLA-DRB1, IGFBP3, TIMP3, LGALS1, IGFBP6, COL18A1, F3, COL4A1, PDGFRB, COL5A2) are linked with gastric cancer and further validated through gene set enrichment analysis. Drug-gene interaction found PDGFRB, interacting with various anti-cancer drugs, as a potential inhibitor for gastric cancer. Further investigations on these molecular signatures will assist the development of precision therapeutics, promising longevity among gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sekaran
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Achraf El Allali
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - C George Priya Doss
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Rajendran D, Varghese RP, C GPD, Shivashankar M, Chandrasekaran N. Interaction of antidiabetic formulation with nanoplastics and its binary influence on plasma protein. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 102:104249. [PMID: 37597672 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics exposure to humans becomes inevitable due to its prevalence and permanence. Adsorption of emerging pollutant metformin hydrochloride (Met-HCl) -antidiabetic drug, on polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) and influence on plasma protein binding was investigated. Fluorescence studies were carried out for human serum albumin (HSA) binding. Adsorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, intraparticle-diffusion, and Langmuir isotherm, undergoing both physisorption and chemisorption which was validated by FE-SEM, FTIR, and HRMS measurements. Complex, experiences static quenching mechanism by hydrogen bonding and VanderWaals force of attraction to HSA. FTIR confirms the secondary structural alteration of HSA. Since Met-HCl covers the NPs' surface, NPs' affinity for HSA is reduced and they might reach the target organs of Met-HCl, disrupt antidiabetic mechanisms and cause far-reaching implications. Results from molecular docking and simulation studies backed up these results as hydrophobic and hydrogen bonds dominate the binding process of the HSA-Met-HCl-PSNPs complex. This work will aid in understanding of the toxico-kinetics/dynamics of binary contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgalakshmi Rajendran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesh Shivashankar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Sekaran K, Varghese RP, Doss C. GP, Alsamman AM, Zayed H, El Allali A. Airway and Oral microbiome profiling of SARS-CoV-2 infected asthma and non-asthma cases revealing alterations-A pulmonary microbial investigation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289891. [PMID: 37590197 PMCID: PMC10434894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
New evidence strongly discloses the pathogenesis of host-associated microbiomes in respiratory diseases. The microbiome dysbiosis modulates the lung's behavior and deteriorates the respiratory system's effective functioning. Several exogenous and environmental factors influence the development of asthma and chronic lung disease. The relationship between asthma and microbes is reasonably understood and yet to be investigated for more substantiation. The comorbidities such as SARS-CoV-2 further exacerbate the health condition of the asthma-affected individuals. This study examines the raw 16S rRNA sequencing data collected from the saliva and nasopharyngeal regions of pre-existing asthma (23) and non-asthma patients (82) infected by SARS-CoV-2 acquired from the public database. The experiment is designed in a two-fold pattern, analyzing the associativity between the samples collected from the saliva and nasopharyngeal regions. Later, investigates the microbial pathogenesis, its role in exacerbations of respiratory disease, and deciphering the diagnostic biomarkers of the target condition. LEfSE analysis identified that Actinobacteriota and Pseudomonadota are enriched in the SARS-CoV-2-non-asthma group and SARS-CoV-2 asthma group of the salivary microbiome, respectively. Random forest algorithm is trained with amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) attained better classification accuracy, ROC scores on nasal (84% and 87%) and saliva datasets (93% and 97.5%). Rothia mucilaginosa is less abundant, and Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum showed higher abundance in the SARS-CoV-2 asthma group. The increase in Streptococcus at the genus level in the SARS-CoV-2-asthma group is evidence of discriminating the subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sekaran
- Vellore Institute of Technology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore, India
| | | | - George Priya Doss C.
- Vellore Institute of Technology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Alsamman M. Alsamman
- Department of Genome Mapping, Molecular Genetics and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Achraf El Allali
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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Sekaran K, Varghese RP, Karthik A, Sasikumar K, Shree Devi MS, Sathiyarajeswaran P, George Priya Doss C. In silico network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking validation of Swasa Kudori tablet for screening druggable phytoconstituents of asthma. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol 2023; 138:257-274. [PMID: 38220427 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Traditional medicines are impactful in treating a cluster of respiratory-related illnesses. This paper demonstrates screening active, druggable phytoconstituents from a classical Siddha-based poly-herbal formulation called Swasa Kudori Tablet to treat asthma. The phytoconstituents of Swasa Kudori are identified as Calotropis gigantea, Piper nigrum, and (Co-drug) Abies webbiana. Active chemical compounds are extracted with the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) database. The gene targets of each compound are identified based on the pharmacological activity using the DIGEP-Pred database. Thirty-two genes showing Pa> 0.7 is screened, and the target markers are selected after performing gene overlap evaluation with the asthma genes reported in GeneCards and DisGeNET database. Ten markers are identified, such as ADIPOQ, CASP8, CAT, CCL2, CD86, FKBP5, HMOX1, NFE2L2, TIMP1, VDR, in common, listed as molecular targets. Pharmacokinetic assessment (ADME) revealed five natural drug compounds 2-5-7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one, (+)-catechin-3'-methyl ether, futoenone, 5-hydroxy-4',7-dimethoxyflavanone, and pinocembrin showing better druggability. Further screening delineates the target (HMOX1) and drug (pinocembrin) for molecular docking evaluation. When docked with HO-1, Pinocembrin showed a binding affinity of -8.0 kcal/mol. MD simulation studies substantiate the docking studies as HO-1 in complex with pinocembrin remains stable in the simulated trajectory. The current findings exhibit the significance of traditional medicines as potential drug candidates against asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sekaran
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | | | - Ashwini Karthik
- Department of Biology, Mount Carmel College Autonomous, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Sasikumar
- School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - M S Shree Devi
- Siddha Central Research Institute (CCRS), Chennai, India
| | | | - C George Priya Doss
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
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Sekaran K, Karthik A, Varghese RP, Sathiyarajeswaran P, Shree Devi MS, Siva R, George Priya Doss C. In silico network pharmacology study on Glycyrrhiza glabra: Analyzing the immune-boosting phytochemical properties of Siddha medicinal plant against COVID-19. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol 2023; 138:233-255. [PMID: 38220426 PMCID: PMC10275734 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Immunosenescence is a pertinent factor in the mortality rate caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The changes in the immune system are strongly associated with age and provoke the deterioration of the individual's health. Traditional medical practices in ancient India effectively deal with COVID-19 by boosting natural immunity through medicinal plants. The anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties of Glycyrrhiza glabra are potent in fighting against COVID-19 and promote immunity boost against the severity of the infection. Athimadhura Chooranam, a polyherbal formulation containing Glycyrrhiza glabra as the main ingredient, is recommended as an antiviral Siddha herb by the Ministry of AYUSH. This paper is intended to identify the phytoconstituents of Glycyrrhiza glabra that are actively involved in preventing individuals from COVID-19 transmission. The modulated pathways, enrichment study, and drug-likeness are calculated from the target proteins of the phytoconstituents at the pharmacological activity (Pa) of more than 0.7. Liquiritigenin and Isoliquiritin, the natural compounds in Glycyrrhiza glabra, belong to the flavonoid class and exhibit ameliorative effects against COVID-19. The latter compound displays a higher protein interaction to a maximum of six, out of which HMOX1, PLAU, and PGR are top-hub genes. ADMET screening further confirms the significance of the abovementioned components containing better drug-likeness. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics method identified liquiritigenin as a possible lead molecule capable of inhibiting the activity of the major protease protein of SARS-CoV-2. The findings emphasize the importance of in silico network pharmacological assessments in delivering cost-effective, time-bound clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sekaran
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Ashwini Karthik
- Department of Biology, Mount Carmel College Autonomous, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | | | - R Siva
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
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Gopikrishnan M, Ramireddy S, Varghese RP, Bakathavatchalam YD, D TK, Manesh A, Walia K, Veeraraghavan B, C GPD. Determination of potential combination of non-β-lactam, β-lactam, and β-lactamase inhibitors/β-lactam enhancer against class D oxacillinases producing Acinetobacter baumannii: Evidence from in-vitro, molecular docking and dynamics simulation. J Cell Biochem 2023. [PMID: 37282600 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, a predominant nosocomial pathogen in hospitals of intensive care units, is associated with bacteremia and ventilator-associated pneumonia with a high-risk mortality rate. To increase the effectiveness of the β-lactam (BL) antibiotics, the use of β-lactamase inhibitors (BLI) acts as a booster when given in combination with BL antibiotics. To this aspect, we selected BL antibiotics of cefiderocol, cefepime, non-BL antibiotic eravacycline, BLI of durlobactam, avibactam, and a β-lactam enhancer (BLE) of zidebactam. To prove our hypothesis, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of various BL or non-BL/BLI or BLE combinations using broth microdilution method followed by in silico analysis of molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) identifies the potential combination. In MIC testing, eravacycline, cefepime/zidebactam, cefiderocol/zidebactam, and eravacycline in combination with zidebactam or durlobactam were found to be effective against oxacillinases (OXAs) (OXA-23/24/58 like) expressing A. baumannii isolates. The docking results of the selected ligands toward OXA-23, OXA-24, and OXA-58 had an excellent binding score ranging from -5.8 to -9.3 kcal/mol. Further, the docked complexes were subjected and evaluated using gromacs for molecular dynamics simulation of 50 ns toward selected class D OXAs. The binding energies obtained from MM-PBSA shed light on the binding efficiencies of each non-BL, BL, and BLI/BLE, thereby helping us to propose the drug combinations. Based on the MD trajectories scoring acquired, we propose using eravacycline, cefepime/zidebactam, cefiderocol/zidebactam, and eravacycline in combination with durlobactam or zidebactam would be promising for treating OXA-23, OXA-24, and OXA-58 like expressing A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Gopikrishnan
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sriroopreddy Ramireddy
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Thirumal Kumar D
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abi Manesh
- Department of Infectious Disease, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kamini Walia
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Balaji Veeraraghavan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sekaran K, Varghese RP, Gopikrishnan M, Alsamman AM, El Allali A, Zayed H, Doss C GP. Unraveling the Dysbiosis of Vaginal Microbiome to Understand Cervical Cancer Disease Etiology-An Explainable AI Approach. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040936. [PMID: 37107694 PMCID: PMC10137380 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial Dysbiosis is associated with the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases. The studies on the vaginal microbiome in cervical cancer are essential to discern the cause and effect of the condition. The present study characterizes the microbial pathogenesis involved in developing cervical cancer. Relative species abundance assessment identified Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria dominating the phylum level. A significant increase in Lactobacillus iners and Prevotella timonensis at the species level revealed its pathogenic influence on cervical cancer progression. The diversity, richness, and dominance analysis divulges a substantial decline in cervical cancer compared to control samples. The β diversity index proves the homogeneity in the subgroups' microbial composition. The association between enriched Lactobacillus iners at the species level, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus genera with cervical cancer is identified by Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) prediction. The functional enrichment corroborates the microbial disease association with pathogenic infections such as aerobic vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and chlamydia. The dataset is trained and validated with repeated k-fold cross-validation technique using a random forest algorithm to determine the discriminative pattern from the samples. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), a game theoretic approach, is employed to analyze the results predicted by the model. Interestingly, SHAP identified that the increase in Ralstonia has a higher probability of predicting the sample as cervical cancer. New evidential microbiomes identified in the experiment confirm the presence of pathogenic microbiomes in cervical cancer vaginal samples and their mutuality with microbial imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sekaran
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | | | - Mohanraj Gopikrishnan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Alsamman M Alsamman
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Cairo 12619, Egypt
| | - Achraf El Allali
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - George Priya Doss C
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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11
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Sekaran K, Polachirakkal Varghese R, Gnanasambandan R, Karthik G, Ramya I, George Priya Doss C. Molecular modeling of C1-inhibitor as SARS-CoV-2 target identified from the immune signatures of multiple tissues: An integrated bioinformatics study. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:112-127. [PMID: 36517964 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The expeditious transmission of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a strain of COVID-19, crumbled the global economic strength and caused a veritable collapse in health infrastructure. The molecular modeling of the novel coronavirus research sounds promising and equips more evidence about the pragmatic therapeutic options. This article proposes a machine-learning framework for identifying potential COVID-19 transcriptomic signatures. The transcriptomics data contains immune-related genes collected from multiple tissues (blood, nasal, and buccal) with accession number: GSE183071. Extensive bioinformatics work was carried out to identify the potential candidate markers, including differential expression analysis, protein interactions, gene ontology, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment studies. The overlapping investigation found SERPING1, the gene that encodes a glycosylated plasma protein C1-INH, in all three datasets. Furthermore, the immuno-informatics study was conducted on the C1-INH protein. 5DU3, the protein identifier of C1-INH, was fetched to identify the antigenicity, major histocompatibility (MHC) Class I and II binding epitopes, allergenicity, toxicity, and immunogenicity. The screening of peptides satisfying the vaccine-design criteria based on the metrics mentioned above is performed. The drug-gene interaction study reported that Rhucin is strongly associated with SERPING1. HSIC-Lasso (Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion-least absolute shrinkage and selection operator), a model-free biomarker selection technique, was employed to identify the genes having a nonlinear relationship with the target class. The gene subset is trained with supervised machine learning models by a leave-one-out cross-validation method. Explainable artificial intelligence techniques perform the model interpretation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sekaran
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | | | - R Gnanasambandan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - G Karthik
- Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - I Ramya
- Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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12
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Sethi G, Varghese RP, Krishna R. Identification and design of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis: An immunoinformatics approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:13859-13871. [PMID: 34726118 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1997819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections around the globe that leads to a high rate of mortality and morbidity in both immunocompromised patients and preterm infants. Despite the alarming increase in multi-drug resistance, no promising vaccines are readily available against this pathogen. Thus, the present study is focused on designing a multi-epitope subunit vaccine using five antigenic proteins of S. epidermidis through an immunoinformatics approach. The final vaccine comprised B-cell, HTL, and CTL binding epitopes followed by Lipoprotein LprA adjuvant added at N-terminal to augment the immunogenicity. Physicochemical assessment of the vaccine reveals the antigenic and non-allergic nature. The vaccine structure was designed, refined, validated, and disulfide engineered to obtain the best model. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation of the proposed vaccine with toll-like receptors (TLR-2 and TLR-4) showed strong and stable interactions. MM-PBSA analysis was implemented as an efficient tool to determine the intermolecular binding free energies of the system. The vaccine was subjected to immune simulation to predict its immunogenic profile. In silico cloning suggested that the proposed vaccine can be expressed efficiently in E.coli. Furthermore, in vivo animal experiment is needed to determine the effectiveness of the in silico designed vaccine.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guneswar Sethi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Ramadas Krishna
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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13
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Rajasheker G, Nagaraju M, Varghese RP, Jalaja N, Somanaboina AK, Singam P, Ramakrishna C, Penna S, Sreenivasulu N, Kishor PBK. Identification and analysis of proline-rich proteins and hybrid proline-rich proteins super family genes from Sorghum bicolor and their expression patterns to abiotic stress and zinc stimuli. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:952732. [PMID: 36226297 PMCID: PMC9549341 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Systematic genome-wide analysis of Sorghum bicolor revealed the identification of a total of 48 homologous genes comprising 21 proline-rich proteins (PRPs) and 27 hybrid proline-rich proteins (HyPRPs). Comprehensive scrutiny of these gene homologs was conducted for gene structure, phylogenetic investigations, chromosome mapping, and subcellular localization of proteins. Promoter analysis uncovered the regions rich with phosphorous- (BIHD), ammonium-, sulfur-responsive (SURE), and iron starvation-responsive (IRO2) along with biotic, abiotic, and development-specific cis-elements. Further, PRPs exhibit more methylation and acetylation sites in comparison with HyPRPs. miRNAs have been predicted which might play a role in cleavage and translation inhibition. Several of the SbPRP genes were stimulated in a tissue-specific manner under drought, salt, heat, and cold stresses. Additionally, exposure of plants to abscisic acid (ABA) and zinc (Zn) also triggered PRP genes in a tissue-dependent way. Among them, SbPRP17 has been found upregulated markedly in all tissues irrespective of the stress imposed. The expressions of SbHyPRPs, especially SbHyPRP2, SbHyPRP6, and SbHyPRP17 were activated under all stresses in all three tissues. On the other hand, SbHyPRP8 (root only) and SbHyPRP12 (all three tissues) were highly responsive to cold stress and ABA while SbHyPRP26 was induced by drought and Zn in the stem. Taken together, this study indicates the critical roles that SbPRPs and SbHyPRPs play during diverse abiotic stress conditions and notably the plausible roles that these genes play upon exposure to zinc, the crucial micronutrient in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marka Nagaraju
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Naravula Jalaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Somanaboina
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
| | - Prashant Singam
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Suprasanna Penna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - P. B. Kavi Kishor
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, India
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Kumar S U, Balasundaram A, Cathryn R H, Varghese RP, R S, R G, Younes S, Zayed H, Doss C GP. Whole-exome sequencing analysis of NSCLC reveals the pathogenic missense variants from cancer-associated genes. Comput Biol Med 2022; 148:105701. [PMID: 35753820 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. NSCLC accounts for 84% of all lung cancer cases. In recent years, advances in pathway understanding, methods for discovering novel genetic biomarkers, and new drugs designed to inhibit the signaling cascades have enabled clinicians to personalize therapy for NSCLC. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study is to identify the genes associated with NSCLC that harbor pathogenic variants that could be causative for NSCLC. The second aim is to investigate their roles in different pathways that lead to NSCLC. METHODS We examined exome-sequencing datasets from 54 NSCLC patients to characterize the variants associated with NSCLC. RESULTS Our findings revealed that 17 variants in 14 genes were considered highly pathogenic, including CDKN2A, ERBB2, FOXP1, IDH1, JAK3, KMT2D, K-Ras, MSH3, MSH6, POLE, RNF43, TCF7L2, TP53, and TSC1. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity, protein binding, ATP binding, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, and Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Pathway analysis of these genes yielded different cancer-related pathways, including colorectal, prostate, endometrial, pancreatic, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, and signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells. Module 1 from protein-protein interactions (PPIs) identified genes that harbor pathogenic SNPs. Three of the most deleterious SNPs are ERBB2 (rs1196929947), K-Ras (rs121913529), and POLE (rs751425952). Interestingly, one patient has a pathogenic K-Ras variant (rs121913529) co-occurred with the missense variant (rs752054698) inTSC1 gene. CONCLUSION This study maps highly pathogenic variants associated with NSCLC and investigates their contributions to the pathogenesis of NSCLC. This study sheds light on the potential applications of precision medicine in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhaya Kumar S
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ambritha Balasundaram
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Hephzibah Cathryn R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Siva R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Gnanasambandan R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Salma Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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15
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Udhaya Kumar S, Kamaraj B, Varghese RP, Preethi VA, Bithia R, George Priya Doss C. Mutations in G6PC2 gene with increased risk for development of type 2 diabetes: Understanding via computational approach. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol 2022; 130:351-373. [PMID: 35534112 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the fast blood glucose (FBG) levels has been linked to an increased risk of developing a chronic condition, type 2 diabetes (T2D). The mutation in the G6PC2 gene was identified to have a lead role in the modulation of FBG levels. The abnormal regulation of this enzyme influences glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), which controls the insulin levels corresponding to the system's glucose level. This study focuses on the mutations at the G6PC2 gene, which cause the variation from normal expression levels and increase the risk of T2D. We examined the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) present in the G6PC2 and subjected them to pathogenicity, stability, residue conservation, and membrane simulation. The individual representation of surrounding amino acids in the mutant (I63T) model showed the loss of hydrophobic interactions compared to the native G6PC2. In addition, the trajectory results from the membrane simulation exhibited reduced stability, and the least compactness was identified for the I63T mutant model. Our study shed light on the structural and conformational changes at the transmembrane region due to the I63T mutation in G6PC2. Additionally, the Gibbs free energy landscape analysis against the two principal components showed structural differences and decreased the conformational stability of the I63T mutant model compared to the native. Like those presented in this study, dynamical simulations may indeed be crucial to comprehending the structural insights of G6PC2 mutations in cardiovascular-associated mortality and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Udhaya Kumar
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Anu Preethi
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Bithia
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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16
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Ranganadhareddy A, Varghese RP. Bioplastic Production from Microalgae and Applications: A Review. J Biochem Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/iwuftfnvel] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Lahoutte T, Vanhove C, Caveliers V, Defrise M, Everaert H, Bossuyt A, Franken PR, Schäfers KP, Kriens M, Barnard C, Schober O, Schäfers M, Kopka K, Wagner S, Law MP, Riemann B, Pike VW, Herrero P, Dence CS, Kisrieva-Ware Z, Eisenbeis P, Welch MJ, Gropler RJ, Bucerius J, Joe AY, Schmaliohann J, Gündisch D, Reinhardt MJ, Biersack HJ, Wüllner U, Ranney DF, Peshock RM, McDonald GG, Slomka PJ, deKemp RA, Beanlands RSB, Nishina H, Abidov A, Berman DS, Germano G, Riou LM, Goode AR, Hatada K, Ruiz M, Lima R, Harris TD, Beller GA, Glover DK, Kim H, Miceli MH, Delbeke D, Bhargava P, Jackson LBJ, Walker RC, Anaissie E, Alavi A, Hanrahan SM, Janabi M, Taylor SE, Rychak JJ, Klibanov AL, Leppanen A, Cummings RD, Ley K, Rychak JJ, Klibanov AL, Hossack J, Dence CS, Herrero P, Gropler RJ, Welch MJ, Veress AI, Feng B, Yang Y, Weiss JA, Huesman RH, Gullberg GT, Sharp TL, Herrero P, Englebach JA, Fettig NM, Gropler RJ, Welch MJ, Dobrucki LW, Hua J, Bourke BN, Sadeghi MM, Cavaliere P, Mendizabal M, VanRoyen N, Buschmann IR, Sinusas AJ, Sadeghi MM, Zhang J, Fassaei HR, Krassilnikova S, Esmailzadeh L, Gharaei AA, Kooshkabadi A, Edwards DS, Harris TD, Yalamanchili P, Sinusas AJ, Zaret BL, Bender JR, Epstein FH, Gilson WD, Sureau FC, Yang Z, French BA, Lewis S, Lu XE, Tom EM, Felix MM, Gretton JE, Varghese RP, Wagner WR, Villanueva FS. Abstracts of Original Contributions Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Symposium May 3–4, 2004 Bethesda, Maryland. J Nucl Cardiol 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02972758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Varghese RP, Piraino B, Unruh M. Acute renal failure secondary to hemoglobinuria in a patient with a left ventricular assist device. Clin Nephrol 2004; 61:78-9. [PMID: 14964463 DOI: 10.5414/cnp61078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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