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Xiurong D, Xin Z, Neng Y, Li D, Yanzhou W, Kaijian L, Zhiqing L. Genetically engineered mouse model of HPV16 E6-E7 with vaginal-cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and decreased immunity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29881. [PMID: 38765051 PMCID: PMC11096975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To construct models of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with precancerous lesions or cervical cancer and explore the immune function. Methods Using CRISPR/Cas9, the expression vector HPV16-E6-E7-Rosa26 was microinjected into fertilized eggs of C57BL/6 N mice using homologous recombination, and the F0 generation was obtained for reproduction. Then, the formation of precancerous lesions was promoted via intramuscular injection of estradiol. Presence of precancerous cervical-vaginal intraepithelial lesions, Ki67 and p16 expression levels, and CD8+ T cell proportions in the spleen were evaluated. Results Two F0 generation mice exhibited correct the homologous recombination. Seven positive mice were identified in the F1 generation. After breeding and mating, 25 homozygous and 11 heterozygous HPV16-E6-E7-engineered mice were obtained from the F2 generation. After estradiol benzoate treatment, the cervical-vaginal epithelium appeared as precancerous lesions with positive Ki67 and p16 expression. The percentage of CD8+ T cells decreased. Conclusion HPV16-E6-E7-Rosa26 induced low immune function in mice, and provides a good model for the basic research of the mechanisms of action of HPV infection-associated precancerous lesions or cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Xiurong
- The Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhou Xin
- The Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Neng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Deng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wang Yanzhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ling Kaijian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liang Zhiqing
- The Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (The first Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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Reyes-Hernández OD, Figueroa-González G, Quintas-Granados LI, Gutiérrez-Ruíz SC, Hernández-Parra H, Romero-Montero A, Del Prado-Audelo ML, Bernal-Chavez SA, Cortés H, Peña-Corona SI, Kiyekbayeva L, Ateşşahin DA, Goloshvili T, Leyva-Gómez G, Sharifi-Rad J. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane and indole-3-carbinol: potential therapeutic molecules for cancer chemoprevention and treatment via regulating cellular signaling pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:180. [PMID: 37633886 PMCID: PMC10464192 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary compounds in cancer prevention have gained significant consideration as a viable method. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) are heterocyclic and bioactive chemicals found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and brussels sprouts. They are synthesized after glycolysis from the glucosinolate structure. Clinical and preclinical trials have evaluated the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic, effectiveness, antioxidant, cancer-preventing (cervical dysplasia, prostate cancer, breast cancer), and anti-tumor activities of I3C and DIM involved with polyphenolic derivatives created in the digestion showing promising results. However, the exact mechanism by which they exert anti-cancer and apoptosis-inducing properties has yet to be entirely understood. Via this study, we update the existing knowledge of the state of anti-cancer investigation concerning I3C and DIM chemicals. We have also summarized; (i) the recent advancements in the use of I3C/DIM as therapeutic molecules since they represent potentially appealing anti-cancer agents, (ii) the available literature on the I3C and DIM characterization, and the challenges related to pharmacologic properties such as low solubility, and poor bioavailability, (iii) the synthesis and semi-synthetic derivatives, (iv) the mechanism of anti-tumor action in vitro/in vivo, (v) the action in cellular signaling pathways related to the regulation of apoptosis and anoikis as well as the cell cycle progression and cell proliferation such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and PPARγ agonists; SR13668, Akt inhibitor, cyclins regulation, ER-dependent-independent pathways, and their current medical applications, to recognize research opportunities to potentially use these compounds instead chemotherapeutic synthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Daniel Reyes-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UMIEZ, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 09230, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Figueroa-González
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UMIEZ, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 09230, Mexico
| | | | | | - Hector Hernández-Parra
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Romero-Montero
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Del Prado-Audelo
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, C. Puente 222, Ciudad de México, 14380, Mexico
| | - Sergio Alberto Bernal-Chavez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Lashyn Kiyekbayeva
- Pharmaceutical School, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculties of Pharmacy, Public Health and Nursing, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dilek Arslan Ateşşahin
- Baskil Vocational School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Fırat University, Elazıg, 23100, Turkey
| | - Tamar Goloshvili
- Department of Plant Physiology and Genetic Resources, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
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Characterization of the Human Papillomavirus 16 Oncogenes in K14HPV16 Mice: Sublineage A1 Drives Multi-Organ Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012371. [PMID: 36293226 PMCID: PMC9604181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced carcinogenesis uses multiple in vivo mouse models, one of which relies on the cytokeratin 14 gene promoter to drive the expression of all HPV early oncogenes. This study aimed to determine the HPV16 variant and sublineage present in the K14HPV16 mouse model. This information can be considered of great importance to further enhance this K14HPV16 model as an essential research tool and optimize its use for basic and translational studies. Our study evaluated HPV DNA from 17 samples isolated from 4 animals, both wild-type (n = 2) and HPV16-transgenic mice (n = 2). Total DNA was extracted from tissues and the detection of HPV16 was performed using a qPCR multiplex. HPV16-positive samples were subsequently whole-genome sequenced by next-generation sequencing techniques. The phylogenetic positioning clearly shows K14HPV16 samples clustering together in the sub-lineage A1 (NC001526.4). A comparative genome analysis of K14HPV16 samples revealed three mutations to the human papillomaviruses type 16 sublineage A1 representative strain. Knowledge of the HPV 16 variant is fundamental, and these findings will allow the rational use of this animal model to explore the role of the A1 sublineage in HPV-driven cancer.
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Chemopreventive Agent 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Inhibits MDM2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134642. [PMID: 32629830 PMCID: PMC7370074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a naturally derived chemopreventive compound. It comes from glucobrassicin, an indole glucosinolate enriched in cruciferous vegetables, and is formed in the acidic environment of the stomach after ingestion. Mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) is an important, multi-functional oncogenic protein and it has been well recognized for its negative regulation of the tumor suppressor protein p53. We discovered a novel mechanism of action of DIM, that it directly inhibits MDM2 in multiple colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. Treatment with DIM decreased MDM2 at messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels, inhibited cancer cell proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. DIM-induced decrease of MDM2 is p53-independent and is partly mediated by proteasome degradation of MDM2, as blocking of the proteasome activity reversed MDM2 protein inhibition. Overexpression of MDM2 blocked DIM’s effects in growth suppression and apoptosis induction. When combined with imidazoline MDM2 inhibitors (Nutlin-3a and Idasanutlin/RG-7388), synergism was observed in cancer cell growth inhibition. In summary, our data support a new mechanism of action for DIM in direct inhibition of MDM2. The identification of MDM2 as a novel DIM target may help develop a new strategy in CRC prevention.
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Kiselev VI, Sukhikh GT, Pchelintseva OI, Udut VV, Kuznetsov IN, Drukh VM. An Experimental Study of the Effect of Diindolylmethane on Alveolocyte and Hepatocyte Adhesion Strength in Mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 168:45-47. [PMID: 31761981 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of diindolylmethane in a dose of 600 mg/kg on the change in adhesion strength of alveolocytes and hepatocytes in CBA mice. Diindolylmethane was administered intragastrically to experimental animals for 10 days, controls intragastrically received an equivalent volume of saline. At the end of the therapeutic period, mice treated with diindolylmethane showed a significant increase in the adhesion strength of alveolocytes by 16% (p=0.003) and hepatocytes by 61% (p=0.0001) in comparison with the control group, which indicates the antipromotor activity of diindolylmethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Kiselev
- V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - G T Sukhikh
- V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - V V Udut
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - I N Kuznetsov
- V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Zhu D, Shen H, Tan S, Hu Z, Wang L, Yu L, Tian X, Ding W, Ren C, Gao C, Cheng J, Deng M, Liu R, Hu J, Xi L, Wu P, Zhang Z, Ma D, Wang H. Nanoparticles Based on Poly (β-Amino Ester) and HPV16-Targeting CRISPR/shRNA as Potential Drugs for HPV16-Related Cervical Malignancy. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2443-2455. [PMID: 30241742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent high-risk HPV infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. The HPV oncogene E7 plays an important role in HPV carcinogenesis. Currently, HPV vaccines do not offer an effective treatment for women who already present with cervical disease, and recommended periodical cervical screenings are difficult to perform in countries and areas lacking medical resources. Our aim was to develop nanoparticles (NPs) based on poly (β-amino ester) (PBAE) and HPV16 E7-targeting CRISPR/short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to reduce the levels of HPV16 E7 as a preliminary form of a drug to treat HPV infection and its related cervical malignancy. Our NPs showed low toxicity in cells and mouse organs. By reducing the expression of HPV16 E7, our NPs could inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cells and xenograft tumors in nude mice, and they could reverse the malignant cervical epithelium phenotype in HPV16 transgenic mice. The performance of NPs containing shRNA is better than that of NPs containing CRISPR. HPV-targeting NPs consisting of PBAE and CRISPR/shRNA could potentially be developed as drugs to treat HPV infection and HPV-related cervical malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Songwei Tan
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Department of Gynecological Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xun Tian
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wencheng Ding
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ci Ren
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chun Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Junbo Hu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ling Xi
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Xie VK, Li Z, Yan Y, Jia Z, Zuo X, Ju Z, Wang J, Du J, Xie D, Xie K, Wei D. DNA-Methyltransferase 1 Induces Dedifferentiation of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Silencing of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Expression. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5585-5597. [PMID: 28659310 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The dismal prognosis of pancreatic cancer has been linked to poor tumor differentiation. However, molecular basis of pancreatic cancer differentiation and potential therapeutic value of the underlying molecules remain unknown. We investigated the mechanistic underexpression of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in pancreatic cancer and defined a novel epigenetic pathway of its activation for pancreatic cancer differentiation and treatment.Experimental Design: Expressions of KLF4 and DNMT1 in pancreatic cancer tissues were determined by IHC and the genetic and epigenetic alterations of KLF4 in and KLF4's impact on differentiation of pancreatic cancer were examined using molecular biology techniques. The function of dietary 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) on miR-152/DNMT1/KLF4 signaling in pancreatic cancer was evaluated using both cell culture and animal models.Results: Overexpression of DNMT1 and promoter hypermethylation contributed to decreased KLF4 expression in and associated with poor differentiation of pancreatic cancer. Manipulation of KLF4 expression significantly affected differentiation marker expressions in pancreatic cancer cells. DIM treatment significantly induced miR-152 expression, which blocked DNMT1 protein expression and its binding to KLF4 promoter region, and consequently reduced promoter DNA methylation and activated KLF4 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, DIM treatment caused significant inhibition of cell growth in vitro and tumorigenesis in animal models of pancreatic cancer.Conclusions: This is the first demonstration that dysregulated KLF4 expression associates with poor differentiation of pancreatic cancer. Epigenetic activation of miR-152/DNMT1/KLF4 signaling pathway by dietary DIM causes differentiation and significant growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells, highlighting its translational implications for pancreatic and other cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5585-97. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Department Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhiliang Jia
- Department Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiangsheng Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhenlin Ju
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jiawei Du
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongji University East Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dacheng Xie
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongji University East Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Keping Xie
- Department Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Herz C, Tran HTT, Landerer S, Gaus J, Schlotz N, Lehr L, Schäfer WR, Treeck O, Odongo GA, Skatchkov I, Lamy E. Normal human immune cells are sensitive to telomerase inhibition by Brassica-derived 3,3-diindolylmethane,partly mediated via ERα/β-AP1 signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28267258 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) from Brassica plants are regarded as promising anticancer phytochemicals. The enzyme telomerase is a very attractive target for cancer therapeutics; in normal cells such as lymphocytes, it plays a decisive role for cell maintenance. The effect of I3C and DIM on telomerase in normal human immune cells (PBMC) was studied compared to leukaemia cells (HL-60). Signalling of telomerase regulation via estrogen receptor (ER) was addressed. METHODS AND RESULTS Short-term treatment with I3C and DIM inhibited telomerase activity in leukaemia cells (>30 μM I3C; >3 μM DIM). In CD3/CD28 activated PBMC, inhibition was stronger, though (>3 μM I3C; >1 μM DIM). DIM long-term treatment resulted in DNA damage induction and proliferation inhibition in PBMC as determined by the comet assay and CFSE staining, respectively. A relevance of ERα/β-AP1 signaling for telomerase inhibition on enzyme activity, but not transcription level became evident indicating a nonclassical mode for ER regulation of telomerase by DIM. CONCLUSION Although desired in cancer cells, this study identified a potential adverse impact of I3C and DIM on telomerase action in normal human immune cells, partly mediated by an ER-dependent mechanism. These new findings should be considered for potential chronic high-dose chemoprevention strategies using these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hoai Thi Thu Tran
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Landerer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Gaus
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Schlotz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lia Lehr
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Schäfer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Treeck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Grace Akinyi Odongo
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Skatchkov
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Thomson CA, Ho E, Strom MB. Chemopreventive properties of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in breast cancer: evidence from experimental and human studies. Nutr Rev 2016; 74:432-43. [PMID: 27261275 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a modifiable factor associated with the risk of several cancers, with convincing evidence showing a link between diet and breast cancer. The role of bioactive compounds of food origin, including those found in cruciferous vegetables, is an active area of research in cancer chemoprevention. This review focuses on 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), the major bioactive indole in crucifers. Research of the cancer-preventive activity of DIM has yielded basic mechanistic, animal, and human trial data. Further, this body of evidence is largely supported by observational studies. Bioactive DIM has demonstrated chemopreventive activity in all stages of breast cancer carcinogenesis. This review describes current evidence related to the metabolism and mechanisms of DIM involved in the prevention of breast cancer. Importantly, this review also focuses on current evidence from human observational and intervention trials that have contributed to a greater understanding of exposure estimates that will inform recommendations for DIM intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Thomson
- Cynthia A. Thomson is with the Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, and the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Emily Ho is with the Moore Family Center for Whole Grain Foods, Nutrition and Preventive Health, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, and the Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. Meghan B. Strom is with the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
| | - Emily Ho
- Cynthia A. Thomson is with the Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, and the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Emily Ho is with the Moore Family Center for Whole Grain Foods, Nutrition and Preventive Health, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, and the Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. Meghan B. Strom is with the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Meghan B Strom
- Cynthia A. Thomson is with the Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, and the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Emily Ho is with the Moore Family Center for Whole Grain Foods, Nutrition and Preventive Health, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, and the Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. Meghan B. Strom is with the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial (phase IIa) on diindolylmethane's efficacy and safety in the treatment of CIN: implications for cervical cancer prevention. EPMA J 2015; 6:25. [PMID: 26693258 PMCID: PMC4685602 DOI: 10.1186/s13167-015-0048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The article presents the results of a clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of a novel pharmaceutical composition in the form of vaginal suppositories containing diindolylmethane in the course of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I–II conservative treatment. It offers an attractive drug therapy for more personalized prevention of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 78 women of reproductive age were included. This was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial with efficacy determined by histological evaluation of cervical biopsies. The efficacy of active drug treatment (100 and 200 mg/day) in both treatment groups was significantly higher in comparison with the placebo group, according to the primary efficacy end point (proportion of patients with complete CIN regression after 90–180 days of the study drug treatment). Results The efficacies were 100.0 % (confidence interval (CI) 95 %: 82.35–100.00 %), 90.5 % (CI 95 %: 69.62–98.83 %), and 61.1 % (CI 95 %: 35.75–82.70 %), for the high dose, low does, and placebo, respectively. Adverse events in the placebo group were reported in 22 % of patients (CI 95 %: 7.5–43.7 %); in the first treatment group (100 mg/day), adverse events were reported in 40.0 % of patients (CI 95 %: 21.1–61.3 %); in the second treatment group (200 mg/day), adverse events were reported in 42.0 % of patients (CI 95 %: 22.1–63.4 %). The differences in side effects between treatment groups treated with the active drug and placebo were statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the groups. Conclusions Thus, the use of diindolylmethane in the form of intravaginal suppositories can be effective in patients with CIN I–II and is not accompanied by clinically significant side effects. This approach could be a better option for young women with CIN I–II as it takes in attention their reproductive plans. Trial registration ID: ChiCTR-INR-15007497 (2 December 2015)
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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) in regulating gene expression of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 2015; 42:401-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10928-015-9421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Yu TY, Pang WJ, Yang GS. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane increases bone mass by suppressing osteoclastic bone resorption in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 127:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Hu Z, Ding W, Zhu D, Yu L, Jiang X, Wang X, Zhang C, Wang L, Ji T, Liu D, He D, Xia X, Zhu T, Wei J, Wu P, Wang C, Xi L, Gao Q, Chen G, Liu R, Li K, Li S, Wang S, Zhou J, Ma D, Wang H. TALEN-mediated targeting of HPV oncogenes ameliorates HPV-related cervical malignancy. J Clin Invest 2014; 125:425-36. [PMID: 25500889 DOI: 10.1172/jci78206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent HPV infection is recognized as the main etiologic factor for cervical cancer. HPV expresses the oncoproteins E6 and E7, both of which play key roles in maintaining viral infection and promoting carcinogenesis. While siRNA-mediated targeting of E6 and E7 transcripts temporarily induces apoptosis in HPV-positive cells, it does not eliminate viral DNA within the host genome, which can harbor escape mutants. Here, we demonstrated that specifically targeting E6 and E7 within host DNA with transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) induces apoptosis, inhibits growth, and reduces tumorigenicity in HPV-positive cell lines. TALEN treatment efficiently disrupted E6 and E7 oncogenes, leading to the restoration of host tumor suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma 1 (RB1), which are targeted by E6 and E7, respectively. In the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model of HPV-driven neoplasms, direct cervical application of HPV16-E7-targeted TALENs effectively mutated the E7 oncogene, reduced viral DNA load, and restored RB1 function and downstream targets transcription factor E2F1 and cycling-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), thereby reversing the malignant phenotype. Together, the results from our study suggest that TALENs have potential as a therapeutic strategy for HPV infection and related cervical malignancy.
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Zhang WW, Feng Z, Narod SA. Multiple therapeutic and preventive effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane on cancers including prostate cancer and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. J Biomed Res 2014; 28:339-48. [PMID: 25332705 PMCID: PMC4197384 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.28.20140008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables belong to the plant family that has flowers with four equal-sized petals in the pattern of a crucifer cross. These vegetables are an abundant source of dietary phytochemicals, including glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products such as indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM). By 2013, the total number of natural glucosinolates that have been documented is estimated to be 132. Recently, cruciferous vegetable intake has garnered great interest for its multiple health benefits such as anticancer, antiviral infections, human sex hormone regulation, and its therapeutic and preventive effects on prostate cancer and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). DIM is a hydrolysis product of glucosinolates and has been used in various trials. This review is to provide an insight into the latest developments of DIM in treating or preventing both prostate cancer and HGPIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Weiben Zhang
- Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Steven A Narod
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Women's College Hospital, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
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Paltsev M, Kiselev V, Muyzhnek E, Drukh V, Kuznetsov I, Pchelintseva O. Comparative preclinical pharmacokinetics study of 3,3'-diindolylmethane formulations: is personalized treatment and targeted chemoprevention in the horizon? EPMA J 2013; 4:25. [PMID: 24325835 PMCID: PMC4029298 DOI: 10.1186/1878-5085-4-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is known as an agent of natural origin that provides protection against different cancers due to the broad spectrum of its biological activities in vivo. However, this substance has a very poor biodistribution and absorption in animal tissues. This preclinical trial was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of various DIM formulations in animal model. Materials and methods The pharmacokinetic parameters of one crystalline DIM formulation and one liquid DIM formulation (oil solution) compared to non-formulated crystalline DIM (control) were tested in 200 rats. The formulations were orally administered to animals by gavage at doses of 200 mg/kg per DIM (crystalline DIM formulation and non-formulated crystalline DIM) and 0.1 mg/kg per DIM (DIM in oil solution). DIM plasma elimination was measured using HPLC method; after that, the area under the curve (AUC), relative bioavailability, and absolute bioavailability were estimated for two formulations in relation to non-formulated crystalline DIM. Results and conclusion The highest bioavailability was achieved by administering liquid DIM (oil solution), containing cod liver oil and polysorbate. The level of DIM in rat blood plasma was about fivefold higher, though the 2,000-fold lower dose was administered compared to crystalline DIM forms. The novel pharmacological DIM substance with high bioavailability may be considered as a promising targeted antitumor chemopreventive agent. It could be used to prevent breast and ovarian cancer development in patients with heterozygous inherited and sporadic BRCA1 gene mutations. Further preclinical and clinical trials are needed to prove this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vadim Drukh
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya St,, 6, Moscow 117198, Russia.
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Qian X, Song JM, Melkamu T, Upadhyaya P, Kassie F. Chemoprevention of lung tumorigenesis by intranasally administered diindolylmethane in A/J mice. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:841-9. [PMID: 23239747 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The main reasons for the failure of most chemopreventive agents during clinical trials are poor in vivo bioavailability and dose-limiting side effects. One potential approach to surmount these problems in lung cancer chemoprevention trials could be direct delivery of agents into the pulmonary tissue. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of intranasally delivered bio-response diindolylmethane (BRD) against 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung tumorigenesis in mice. Mice treated with NNK (two doses of 50mg/kg at an interval of a week, intraperitoneal) developed 16.3±2.9 lung tumors per mouse. Post-carcinogen administration of BRD, via intranasal instillation, for 24 weeks, twice a week, at a dose of 2mg per mouse (0.6mg pure diindolylmethane per mouse) reduced the lung tumor multiplicity to 4.6±2.2 tumors per mouse (72% reduction). Likewise, large tumors (>1mm) were almost completely abolished and multiplicities of tumors with a size of 0.5-1mm were reduced by 74%. Tumor volume was also reduced by 82%. Further studies using an in vitro model of lung tumorigenesis showed that BRD exhibited pronounced antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in premalignant and malignant bronchial cells but only minimal effects in parental immortalized cells through, at least in part, suppression of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. These results showed the potent lung tumor inhibitory activities of low doses of BRD given via intranasal instillation and, therefore, intranasal delivery of BRD holds a great promise for lung cancer chemoprevention in subjects at high risk to develop lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Qian
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Effect of diindolylmethane supplementation on low-grade cervical cytological abnormalities: double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Br J Cancer 2011; 106:45-52. [PMID: 22075942 PMCID: PMC3251847 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical screening identifies many women with low-grade abnormalities. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that diindolylmethane (DIM) could potentially halt (cervical) carcinogenesis. We report on a randomised controlled trial of the effect of DIM in women with low-grade cervical cytological abnormalities. Methods: We conducted a pragmatic double-blind, randomised controlled trial of 150 mg DIM (from BioResponse DIM) or placebo daily for 6 months in women with newly diagnosed, low-grade cytological abnormalities. Randomisation was in the ratio 2 (DIM) to 1 (placebo). All women were invited for colposcopy at 6 months with biopsy of any abnormality. Results: Of the 551 randomised women available for analysis, 9% on DIM and 12% on placebo had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia-2 (CIN2) or worse after 6-month supplementation (risk ratio (RR) 0.7 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4–1.2)), whereas 4.6% and 5.1%, respectively, had CIN3 or worse (RR 0.9 (95% CI: 0.4–2.0)). A total of 27.3% of women on DIM and 34.3% on placebo had no sign of disease (negative cytology, colposcopy and human papilloma virus (HPV) tests) at 6 months (RR 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6–1.0)). Of those HPV-positive at baseline, 69% (114 out of 166) of the DIM group were positive at 6 months compared with 61% (43 out of 71) of the placebo group: RR 1.1 (95% CI: 0.9–1.4). Diindolylmethane supplementation was well tolerated. Conclusion: The results suggest that short-term DIM supplementation (150 mg day−1) is well tolerated, but is unlikely to have an effect on cytology or HPV infection. Uncertainty remains regarding its effect on CIN2+.
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Banerjee S, Kong D, Wang Z, Bao B, Hillman GG, Sarkar FH. Attenuation of multi-targeted proliferation-linked signaling by 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM): from bench to clinic. Mutat Res 2011; 728:47-66. [PMID: 21703360 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence provide credible support in favor of the potential role of bioactive products derived from ingesting cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, brussel sprouts, cauliflower and cabbage. Among many compounds, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) is generated in the acidic environment of the stomach following dimerization of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) monomers present in these classes of vegetables. Both I3C and DIM have been investigated for their use in preventing, inhibiting, and reversing the progression of cancer - as a chemopreventive agent. In this review, we summarize an updated, wide-ranging pleiotropic anti-tumor and biological effects elicited by DIM against tumor cells. It is unfeasible to point one single target as basis of cellular target of action of DIM. We emphasize key cellular and molecular events that are effectively modulated in the direction of inducing apoptosis and suppressing cell proliferation. Collectively, DIM orchestrates signaling through Ah receptor, NF-κB/Wnt/Akt/mTOR pathways impinging on cell cycle arrest, modulation of key cytochrome P450 enzymes, altering angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and epigenetic behavior of cancer cells. The ability of DIM to selectively induce tumor cells to undergo apoptosis has been observed in preclinical models, and thus it has been speculated in improving the therapeutic efficacy of other anticancer agents that have diverse molecular targets. Consequently, DIM has moved through preclinical development into Phase I clinical trials, thereby suggesting that DIM could be a promising and novel agent either alone or as an adjunct to conventional therapeutics such as chemo-radio and targeted therapies. An important development has been the availability of DIM formulation with superior bioavailability for humans. Therefore, DIM appears to be a promising chemopreventive agent or chemo-radio-sensitizer for the prevention of tumor recurrence and/or for the treatment of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Banerjee
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Dejuan Kong
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Gilda G Hillman
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Sepkovic DW, Stein J, Carlisle AD, Ksieski HB, Auborn K, Raucci L, Nyirenda T, Bradlow HL. Results from a dose-response study using 3,3'-diindolylmethane in the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model: cervical histology. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 4:890-6. [PMID: 21383027 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The human papilloma virus is the major cause of cervical cancer. Viral infection initiates cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which progresses through several stages to cervical cancer. The objective of this study is to identify the minimum effective dose of diindolylmethane that prevents the progression from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma in situ. We document cervical histology in K14-HPV16 mice receiving different doses of diindolylmethane. Urinary diindolylmethane concentrations are reported. Diindolylmethane could enhance the efficacy of human papilloma virus vaccines, creating a new therapeutic use for these vaccines in women already infected with the virus. Five doses (0-2,500 ppm) of diindolylmethane were incorporated into each mouse diet. The reproductive tract was serially sectioned and urine was obtained for analysis of urinary diindolylmethane. The results indicate that 62% of mice receiving 1,000 ppm diindolylmethane remained dysplasia-free after 20 weeks compared with 16% of mice receiving no diindolylmethane and 18% receiving 500 ppm; 1,000 ppm of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in the diet completely suppressed the development of cervical cancer. Urinary diindolylmethane levels increased significantly as diindolylmethane in food increased. These findings imply usefulness for diindolylmethane in the search to prevent cervical cancer when used in combination with prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Sepkovic
- The David and Alice Institute for Research, Hackensack University Medical Center, New Jersey 07601, USA.
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Chung SH, Franceschi S, Lambert PF. Estrogen and ERalpha: culprits in cervical cancer? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010; 21:504-11. [PMID: 20456973 PMCID: PMC2914219 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen and its receptors are implicated in the promotion and prevention of various cancers. Although the uterine cervix is highly responsive to estrogen, the role of estrogen in cervical cancer, which is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, is poorly understood. Recent studies in HPV transgenic mouse models provide evidence that estrogen and its nuclear receptor promote cervical cancer in combination with HPV oncogenes. Although epidemiological studies further support this hypothesis, there is little experimental data assessing the hormonal responsiveness of human cervical cancers. If these cancers are dependent on estrogen, then drugs targeting estrogen and its receptors could be effective in treating and/or preventing cervical cancer, the second leading cause of death by cancer among women worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyuk Chung
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Corresponding author: Dr. Paul F. Lambert, Professor of Oncology, McArdle, Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, 1400 University, Ave, Madison WI 53706, USA,
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Correction: Diindolylmethane Inhibits Cervical Dysplasia, Alters Estrogen Metabolism, and Enhances Immune Response in the K14-HPV16 Transgenic Mouse Model. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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