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Li Q, Liu H, Wang H, Xiong W, Dai L, Zhang X, Wang P, Ye H, Shi J, Fang Z, Wang K. Anti-BIRC5 autoantibody serves as a valuable biomarker for diagnosing AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17494. [PMID: 38832035 PMCID: PMC11146321 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Autoantibodies targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAAbs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for early cancer detection. This research aimed to assess the diagnostic capacity of anti-BIRC5 autoantibody in detecting AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (ANHCC). Methods This research was carried out in three stages (discovery phase, validation phase, and evaluation phase) and included a total of 744 participants. Firstly, the anti-BIRC5 autoantibody was discovered using protein microarray, exhibiting a higher positive rate in ANHCC samples (ANHCCs) compared to normal control samples (NCs). Secondly, the anti-BIRC5 autoantibody was validated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 85 ANHCCs and 85 NCs from two clinical centers (Zhengzhou and Nanchang). Lastly, the diagnostic usefulness of the anti-BIRC5 autoantibody for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was evaluated by ELISA in a cohort consisting of an additional 149 AFP-positive hepatocellular carcinoma samples (APHCCs), 95 ANHCCs and 244 NCs. The association of elevated autoantibody to high expression of BIRC5 in HCC was further explored by the database from prognosis, immune infiltration, DNA methylation, and gene mutation level. Results In the validation phase, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of anti-BIRC5 autoantibody to distinguish ANHCCs from NCs in Zhengzhou and Nanchang centers was 0.733 and 0.745, respectively. In the evaluation phase, the AUCs of anti-BIRC5 autoantibody for identifying ANHCCs and HCCs from NCs were 0.738 and 0.726, respectively. Furthermore, when combined with AFP, the AUC for identifying HCCs from NCs increased to 0.914 with a sensitivity of 77.5% and specificity of 91.8%. High expression of BIRC5 gene is not only correlated with poor prognosis of HCCs, but also significantly associated with infiltration of immune cells, DNA methylation, and gene mutation. Conclusion The findings suggest that the anti-BIRC5 autoantibody could serve as a potential biomarker for ANHCC, in addition to its supplementary role alongside AFP in the diagnosis of HCC. Next, we can carry out specific verification and explore the function of anti-BIRC5 autoantibody in the occurrence and development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenzhuo Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Fang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou, China
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Barros O, D'Agostino VG, Lara Santos L, Vitorino R, Ferreira R. Shaping the future of oral cancer diagnosis: advances in salivary proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:149-168. [PMID: 38626289 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2343585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Saliva has gained increasing attention in the quest for disease biomarkers. Because it is a biological fluid that can be collected is an easy, painless, and safe way, it has been increasingly studied for the identification of oral cancer biomarkers. This is particularly important because oral cancer is often diagnosed at late stages with a poor prognosis. AREAS COVERED The review addresses the evolution of the experimental approaches used in salivary proteomics studies of oral cancer over the years and outlines advantages and pitfalls related to each one. In addition, examines the current landscape of oral cancer biomarker discovery and translation focusing on salivary proteomic studies. This discussion is based on an extensive literature search (PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar). EXPERT OPINION The introduction of mass spectrometry has revolutionized the study of salivary proteomics. In the future, the focus will be on refining existing methods and introducing powerful experimental techniques such as mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring, which, despite their effectiveness, are still underutilized due to their high cost. In addition, conducting studies with larger cohorts and establishing standardized protocols for salivary proteomics are key challenges that need to be addressed in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Barros
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network) and Surgical Department of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Vito G D'Agostino
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Lucio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network) and Surgical Department of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network) and Surgical Department of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- UnIC, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Marglous S, Brown CE, Padler-Karavani V, Cummings RD, Gildersleeve JC. Serum antibody screening using glycan arrays. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2603-2642. [PMID: 38305761 PMCID: PMC7616341 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00693j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Humans and other animals produce a diverse collection of antibodies, many of which bind to carbohydrate chains, referred to as glycans. These anti-glycan antibodies are a critical part of our immune systems' defenses. Whether induced by vaccination or natural exposure to a pathogen, anti-glycan antibodies can provide protection against infections and cancers. Alternatively, when an immune response goes awry, antibodies that recognize self-glycans can mediate autoimmune diseases. In any case, serum anti-glycan antibodies provide a rich source of information about a patient's overall health, vaccination history, and disease status. Glycan microarrays provide a high-throughput platform to rapidly interrogate serum anti-glycan antibodies and identify new biomarkers for a variety of conditions. In addition, glycan microarrays enable detailed analysis of the immune system's response to vaccines and other treatments. Herein we review applications of glycan microarray technology for serum anti-glycan antibody profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Marglous
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Claire E Brown
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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Chu LJ, Chang YT, Chien CY, Chung HC, Wu SF, Chen CJ, Liu YC, Liao WC, Chen CH, Chiang WF, Chang KP, Wang JS, Yu JS. Clinical validation of a saliva-based matrix metalloproteinase-1 rapid strip test for detection of oral cavity cancer. Biomed J 2024; 47:100594. [PMID: 37044249 PMCID: PMC10821597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously identified matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) as one of the most promising salivary biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and developed a sensitive ELISA for MMP-1 with good performance in detection of OSCC using a cohort of 1160 saliva samples. METHODS A time-saving rapid strip test (RST) for MMP-1 was developed in this study and its diagnostic performance compared with ELISA using saliva samples from a new cohort of 603 subjects (171 healthy controls, 236 patients with oral potentially malignant disorders, and 196 OSCC patients). RESULTS Salivary MMP-1 levels measured using RST and ELISA were highly comparable and both assays could effectively distinguish between OSCC and non-cancerous groups. Similar to ELISA, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the MMP-1 RST was effective in identifying patients with OSCC at different oral cavity sites and stages. CONCLUSIONS Salivary MMP-1 can be sensitively detected using both RST and ELISA methods. Our newly developed point-of-care MMP-1 RST is a promising in vitro diagnostic device (IVD) that may serve as a novel auxiliary tool in the routine clinical detection and monitoring of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichieh Julie Chu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yen-Chun Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Liao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Sheng Wang
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Zhubei City, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Radaic A, Kamarajan P, Cho A, Wang S, Hung GC, Najarzadegan F, Wong DT, Ton-That H, Wang CY, Kapila YL. Biological biomarkers of oral cancer. Periodontol 2000 2023:10.1111/prd.12542. [PMID: 38073011 PMCID: PMC11163022 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) 5 year survival rate of 41% has marginally improved in the last few years, with less than a 1% improvement per year from 2005 to 2017, with higher survival rates when detected at early stages. Based on histopathological grading of oral dysplasia, it is estimated that severe dysplasia has a malignant transformation rate of 7%-50%. Despite these numbers, oral dysplasia grading does not reliably predict its clinical behavior. Thus, more accurate markers predicting oral dysplasia progression to cancer would enable better targeting of these lesions for closer follow-up, especially in the early stages of the disease. In this context, molecular biomarkers derived from genetics, proteins, and metabolites play key roles in clinical oncology. These molecular signatures can help predict the likelihood of OSCC development and/or progression and have the potential to detect the disease at an early stage and, support treatment decision-making and predict treatment responsiveness. Also, identifying reliable biomarkers for OSCC detection that can be obtained non-invasively would enhance management of OSCC. This review will discuss biomarkers for OSCC that have emerged from different biological areas, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, immunomics, and microbiomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Radaic
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alex Cho
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sandy Wang
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Guo-Chin Hung
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fereshteh Najarzadegan
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David T Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hung Ton-That
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chu HW, Chang KP, Yen WC, Liu HP, Chan XY, Liu CR, Hung CM, Wu CC. Identification of salivary autoantibodies as biomarkers of oral cancer with immunoglobulin A enrichment combined with affinity mass spectrometry. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200321. [PMID: 36625099 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Globally, oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common fatal illnesses. Its high mortality is ascribed to the fact that the disease is often diagnosed at a late stage, which indicates an urgent need for approaches for the early detection of OSCC. The use of salivary autoantibodies (autoAbs) as OSCC biomarkers has numerous advantages such as easy access to saliva samples and efficient detection of autoAbs using well-established secondary reagents. To improve OSCC screening, we identified OSCC-associated autoAbs with the enrichment of salivary autoAbs combined with affinity mass spectrometry (MS). The salivary IgA of healthy individuals and OSCC patients was purified with peptide M-conjugated beads and then applied to immunoprecipitated antigens (Ags) in OSCC cells. Using tandem MS analysis and spectral counting-based quantitation, the level of 10 Ags increased in the OSCC group compared with the control group. Moreover, salivary levels of autoAbs to the 10 Ags were determined by a multiplexed bead-based immunoassay. Among them, seven were significantly higher in early-stage OSCC patients than in healthy individuals. A marker panel consisting of autoAbs to LMAN2, PTGR1, RAB13, and UQCRC2 was further developed to improve the early diagnosis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wei Chu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Yen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiu-Ya Chan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Rou Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Mi Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Tseng YJ, Wang YC, Hsueh PC, Wu CC. Development and validation of machine learning-based risk prediction models of oral squamous cell carcinoma using salivary autoantibody biomarkers. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:534. [PMID: 36424594 PMCID: PMC9685866 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to rise. OSCC is associated with a low average survival rate, and most patients have a poor disease prognosis because of delayed diagnosis. We used machine learning techniques to predict high-risk cases of OSCC by using salivary autoantibody levels and demographic and behavioral data. METHODS We collected the salivary samples of patients recruited from a teaching hospital between September 2008 and December 2012. Ten salivary autoantibodies, sex, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel nut chewing were used to build prediction models for identifying patients with a high risk of OSCC. The machine learning algorithms applied in the study were logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine with the radial basis function kernel, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and a stacking model. We evaluated the performance of the models by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), with simulations conducted 100 times. RESULTS A total of 337 participants were enrolled in this study. The best predictive model was constructed using a stacking algorithm with original forms of age and logarithmic levels of autoantibodies (AUC = 0.795 ± 0.055). Adding autoantibody levels as a data source significantly improved the prediction capability (from 0.698 ± 0.06 to 0.795 ± 0.055, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We successfully established a prediction model for high-risk cases of OSCC. This model can be applied clinically through an online calculator to provide additional personalized information for OSCC diagnosis, thereby reducing the disease morbidity and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Tseng
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan ,grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Yi-Cheng Wang
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Information Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1St Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33302 Taiwan ,grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Hsueh PC, Chang KP, Liu HP, Chiang WF, Chan XY, Hung CM, Chu LJ, Wu CC. Development of a salivary autoantibody biomarker panel for diagnosis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:968570. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.968570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a destructive disease with increasing incidence. OSCC is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, which leads to poor outcomes of OSCC patients. Currently, there is a lack of biomarkers with sufficient effectiveness in early diagnosis of OSCC. To ameliorate OSCC screening, we evaluated the performances of salivary autoantibodies (auto-Abs) to nine proteins (ANXA2, CA2, ISG15, KNG1, MMP1, MMP3, PRDX2, SPARC, and HSPA5) as OSCC biomarkers. A multiplexed immunoassay using a fluorescence bead-based suspension array system was established for simultaneous assessment of the salivary levels of the above nine auto-Abs and a known OSCC-associated auto-Ab, anti-p53. Compared to healthy individuals (n = 140), the salivary levels of nine auto-Abs were significantly elevated in OSCC patients (n = 160). Notably, the salivary levels of the 10 auto-Abs in the early-stage OSCC patients (n = 102) were higher than that in the healthy group. Most importantly, utilizing a marker panel consisting of anti-MMP3, anti-PRDX2, anti-SPARC, and anti-HSPA5 for detection of early-stage OSCC achieved a sensitivity of 63.8% with a specificity of 90%. Collectively, herein we established a multiplex auto-Ab platform for OSCC screening, and demonstrated a four-auto-Ab panel which shows clinical applicability for early diagnosis of OSCC.
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Pin E, Petricoin EF, Cortes N, Bowman TG, Andersson E, Uhlén M, Nilsson P, Caswell SV. Immunoglobulin A Autoreactivity toward Brain Enriched and Apoptosis-Regulating Proteins in Saliva of Athletes after Acute Concussion and Subconcussive Impacts. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:2373-2383. [PMID: 33858214 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and management of concussion is hindered by its diverse clinical presentation and assessment tools reliant on subjectively experienced symptoms. The biomechanical threshold of concussion is also not well understood, and asymptomatic concussion or "subconcussive impacts" of variable magnitudes are common in contact sports. Concerns have risen because athletes returning to activity too soon have an increased risk of prolonged recovery or long-term adverse health consequences. To date, little is understood on a molecular level regarding concussion and subconcussive impacts. Recent research suggests that neuroinflammatory mechanisms may serve an important role subsequent to concussion and possibly to subconcussive impacts. These studies suggest that autoantibodies may be a valuable tool for detection of acute concussion and monitoring for changes caused by cumulative exposure to subconcussive impacts. Hence, we aimed to profile the immunoglobulin (Ig)A autoantibody repertoire in saliva by screening a unique sport-related head trauma biobank. Saliva samples (n = 167) were donated by male and female participants enrolled in either the concussion (24-48 h post-injury) or subconcussion (non-concussed participants having moderate or high cumulative subconcussive impact exposure) cohorts. Study design included discovery and verification phases. Discovery aimed to identify new candidate autoimmune targets of IgA. Verification tested whether concussion and subconcussion cohorts increased IgA reactivity and whether cohorts showed similarities. The results show a significant increase in the prevalence of IgA toward protein fragments representing 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (HTR1A), serine/arginine repetitive matrix 4 (SRRM4) and FAS (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6) after concussion and subconcussion. These results may suggest that concussion and subconcussion induce similar physiological effects, especially in terms of immune response. Our study demonstrates that saliva is a potential biofluid for autoantibody detection in concussion and subconcussion. After rigorous confirmation in much larger independent study sets, a validated salivary autoantibody assay could provide a non-subjective quantitative means of assessing concussive and subconcussive events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pin
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA.,Institute for BioHealth Innovation, and School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
| | - Nelson Cortes
- Institute for BioHealth Innovation, and School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA.,Sports Medicine Assessment Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas G Bowman
- Department of Athletic Training, University of Lynchburg, Lynchburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Eni Andersson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Division of Systems Biology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shane V Caswell
- Institute for BioHealth Innovation, and School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA.,Sports Medicine Assessment Research and Testing Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
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10
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Adeniyi O, Sicwetsha S, Adesina A, Mashazi P. Immunoassay detection of tumor-associated autoantibodies using protein G bioconjugated to nanomagnet-silica decorated with Au@Pd nanoparticles. Talanta 2021; 226:122127. [PMID: 33676681 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A colorimetric immunosensor was developed for the detection of tumor-associated anti-p53 autoantibodies (anti-p53aAbs). The immunosensor platform was prepared by immobilizing human-protein (p53Ag) onto a high binding 96-well plate. The immunoassay was based on the immunometric sandwich protocol, and protein G functionalized nanomagnet-silica nanoparticles decorated with Au@Pd (Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-Au@Pd0.30NPs-protG) was used as the detection nanobioprobe. The Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-Au@Pd0.30NPs-protG exhibited a high binding affinity for the captured anti-p53aAbs and high catalytic performance towards the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The oxidation of TMB resulted in significant color change and a UV-vis absorption signal. The detection was achieved by measuring the changes in UV-Vis absorption as the concentrations of anti-p53aAbs changed. The apparent binding affinity (KD) between the p53aAbs and Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-Au@Pd0.30NPs-protG was 35.2 ng mL-1. The plot of change in the absorption intensity against the logarithm of anti-p53aAbs was linear within 1.0-500.0 ng mL-1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.98. The detection limit (LoD) using 3σ was calculated to be 15 pg mL-1, which is lower than the conventional HRP-label based colorimetric immunoassay. The real sample detection was investigated using the serum recovery method. The recovery of the anti-p53aAbs ranges from 98.5% to 105.7%, demonstrating its potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo Adeniyi
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa
| | | | - Abiola Adesina
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa
| | - Philani Mashazi
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa; Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa.
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11
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Yang SH, Liu CT, Hong CQ, Huang ZY, Wang HZ, Wei LF, Lin YW, Guo HP, Peng YH, Xu YW. Autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 as Potential Biomarkers for Detection of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:5592693. [PMID: 34336006 PMCID: PMC8289574 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5592693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two predominant histological types of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), lacking effective early diagnostic markers. In this study, we assessed the diagnostic value of autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 in skin SCC and BCC. ELISA was performed to detect levels of autoantibodies in sera from 101 NMSC patients and 102 normal controls, who were recruited from the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. A receiver operator characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value. The serum levels of autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 were higher in NMSCs than those in the normal controls (all P < 0.01). The AUC of the three-autoantibody panel was 0.841 (95% CI: 0.788-0.894) with the sensitivity and specificity of 60.40% and 91.20% when differentiating NMSCs from normal controls. Furthermore, measurement of this panel could differentiate early-stage skin cancer patients from normal controls (AUC: 0.851; 95% CI: 0.793-0.908). Data from Oncomine showed that the level of p53 mRNA was elevated in BCC (P < 0.05), and the Hsp70 mRNA was upregulated in SCC (P < 0.001). This serum three-autoantibody panel might function in assisting the early diagnosis of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Han Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Can-Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Department of Oncological Laboratory Research, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Huan-Zhu Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Lai-Feng Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hai-Peng Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
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12
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Chang YT, Chu LJ, Liu YC, Chen CJ, Wu SF, Chen CH, Chang IYF, Wang JS, Wu TY, Dash S, Chiang WF, Chiu SF, Gou SB, Chien CY, Chang KP, Yu JS. Verification of Saliva Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 as a Strong Diagnostic Marker of Oral Cavity Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082273. [PMID: 32823758 PMCID: PMC7463746 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for >90% of cases of oral cancer, including cancer at the lip and oral cavity and cancer at the oropharynx. Most OSCCs develop from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which consist of heterogeneous lesions with different malignant transformation potentials that make early detection of OSCC a challenge. Using a targeted mass spectrometry-based assay to compare multiple candidate proteins, we previously identified matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) as one of the most promising salivary OSCC biomarkers. To explore the clinical utility of MMP-1 in OSCC detection, we developed an in-house, sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring MMP-1 content, and tested it on saliva samples from 1160 subjects (313 healthy controls, and 578 OPMD and 269 OSCC patients) collected at two medical centers. Salivary MMP-1 levels measured by our in-house ELISA significantly discriminated OSCC patients from non-cancerous groups. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that MMP-1 was effective in separating non-cancer groups from patients with OSCCs at the oral cavity. Additionally, salivary MMP-1 levels in oral cavity cancer patients were highly correlated with tumor progression (tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and overall stage). Collectively, our results indicate that salivary MMP-1 is an effective biomarker for OSCC that can be sensitively detected using our newly developed ELISA. The newly developed MMP-1 ELISA may be used as a new adjunctive tool to aid in detecting and monitoring OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Lichieh Julie Chu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Chih-Jou Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Chien-Hua Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Ian Yi-Feng Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
| | - Jun-Sheng Wang
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Zhubei City, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Yuan Wu
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Srinivas Dash
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 73657, Taiwan; (W.-F.C.); (S.-F.C.); (S.-B.G.)
- School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fu Chiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 73657, Taiwan; (W.-F.C.); (S.-F.C.); (S.-B.G.)
| | - Shin-Bin Gou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 73657, Taiwan; (W.-F.C.); (S.-F.C.); (S.-B.G.)
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (L.J.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (I.Y.-F.C.); (K.-P.C.)
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-2118800 (ext. 5171); Fax: +886-3-2118891
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13
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Anti-p53 Autoantibody Detection in Automatic Glass Capillary Immunoassay Platform for Screening of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20040971. [PMID: 32054134 PMCID: PMC7070657 DOI: 10.3390/s20040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is one of the most common cancers worldwide, has been increasing. Serum anti-p53 autoantibody is one of the most sensitive biomarkers for OSCC. Currently, the most commonly used method on clinical screening platforms is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, owing to its high specificity and repeatability. However, conducting immunoassays on 96-well plates is typically time consuming, thereby limiting its clinical applications for fast diagnosis and immediate prognosis of rapidly progressive diseases. The present study performed immunoassays in glass capillaries of 1-mm internal diameter, which increases the surface to volume ratio of the reaction, to shorten the time needed for immunoassay. The immunoassay was automated while using linear motorized stages and a syringe pump. The results indicated that, when compared with the 96-well plate immunoassay, the glass capillary immunoassay decreased the reaction time from typical 120 min to 45 min, reduced the amount of reagent from typical 50 µL to 15 µL, and required only simple equipment setup. Moreover, the limit of detection for glass capillary anti-p53 autoantibody immunoassay was 0.46 ng mL−1, which is close to the 0.19 ng mL−1 value of the conventional 96-well plate assay, and the glass capillary method had a broader detection range. The apparatus was used to detect the serum anti-p53 autoantibody concentration in clinical patients and compare its results with the conventional 96-well plate method results, which suggested that both of the methods detect the same trend in the relative concentration of serum anti-p53 autoantibody in healthy individuals or patients with OSCC.
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14
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Lin YH, Wu CC, Peng YS, Wu CW, Chang YT, Chang KP. Detection of anti-p53 autoantibodies in saliva using microfluidic chips for the rapid screening of oral cancer. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15513-15521. [PMID: 35539469 PMCID: PMC9080182 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13734f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies have high specificity and stability and are easy to detect. Anti-p53 autoantibodies can be used as biomarkers for the early detection of oral cancer. However, most studies detected anti-p53 in sera samples. In this study, a microfluidic chip combined with magnetic immunoassay, which can automatically detect the concentration of anti-p53 in saliva, was developed. The use of a micromixer can shorten the immunoassay time: the mixing time of the antigen and antibody can be reduced from the original 60 min off-chip to 20 min, making the total immunoassay time around 60 min. A method of moving magnetic beads and the antibody instead of manipulating fluid was utilized to simplify fluid control and decrease contamination caused by non-specific protein adsorption to the surface of reaction wells. The detection limit of anti-p53 was 4 ng mL−1. In addition, a relative concentration of anti-p53 in the saliva of patients was detected in the chip. A microfluidic chip with multiple reaction wells is capable of automatically detecting anti-p53 autoantibody in saliva for oral cancer screening.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Heng Lin
- Department of Electronic Engineering
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science
| | - Yong-Sheng Peng
- Department of Electronic Engineering
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center
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15
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Cui D, Zhu J. Proteomic and N-glycoproteomic quantification reveal aberrant changes in the human saliva of oral ulcer patients. Proteomics 2017; 16:3173-3182. [PMID: 27763718 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human whole saliva is a vital body fluid for studying the physiology and pathology of the oral cavity. As a powerful technique for biomarker discovery, MS-based proteomic strategies have been introduced for saliva analysis and identified hundreds of proteins and N-glycosylation sites. However, there is still a lack of quantitative analysis, which is necessary for biomarker screening and biological research. In this study, we establish an integrated workflow by the combination of stable isotope dimethyl labeling, HILIC enrichment, and high resolution MS for both quantification of the global proteome and N-glycoproteome of human saliva from oral ulcer patients. With the help of advanced bioinformatics, we comprehensively studied oral ulcers at both protein and glycoprotein scales. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that starch digestion and protein degradation activities are inhibited while the immune response is promoted in oral ulcer saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Emergency, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Dan Cui
- Department of Emergency, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Jingjie PTM Biolab (Hangzhou) Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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16
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Hsiao YC, Chi LM, Chien KY, Chiang WF, Chen SF, Chuang YN, Lin SY, Wu CC, Chang YT, Chu LJ, Chen YT, Chia SL, Chien CY, Chang KP, Chang YS, Yu JS. Development of a Multiplexed Assay for Oral Cancer Candidate Biomarkers Using Peptide Immunoaffinity Enrichment and Targeted Mass Spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1829-1849. [PMID: 28821604 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and there are currently no biomarkers approved for aiding its management. Although many potential oral cancer biomarkers have been discovered, very few have been verified in body fluid specimens in parallel to evaluate their clinical utility. The lack of appropriate multiplexed assays for chosen targets represents one of the bottlenecks to achieving this goal. In the present study, we develop a peptide immunoaffinity enrichment-coupled multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (SISCAPA-MRM) assay for verifying multiple reported oral cancer biomarkers in saliva. We successfully produced 363 clones of mouse anti-peptide monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against 36 of 49 selected targets, and characterized useful mAbs against 24 targets in terms of their binding affinity for peptide antigens and immuno-capture ability. Comparative analyses revealed that an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD ) cut-off value < 2.82 × 10-9 m could identify most clones with an immuno-capture recovery rate >5%. Using these mAbs, we assembled a 24-plex SISCAPA-MRM assay and optimized assay conditions in a 25-μg saliva matrix background. This multiplexed assay showed reasonable precision (median coefficient of variation, 7.16 to 32.09%), with lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) of <10, 10-50, and >50 ng/ml for 14, 7 and 3 targets, respectively. When applied to a model saliva sample pooled from oral cancer patients, this assay could detect 19 targets at higher salivary levels than their LLOQs. Finally, we demonstrated the utility of this assay for quantification of multiple targets in individual saliva samples (20 healthy donors and 21 oral cancer patients), showing that levels of six targets were significantly altered in cancer compared with the control group. We propose that this assay could be used in future studies to compare the clinical utility of multiple oral cancer biomarker candidates in a large cohort of saliva samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chin Hsiao
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,§Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Lang-Ming Chi
- ¶Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Chien
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,¶Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- **Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan.,‡‡School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Fan Chen
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ning Chuang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lin
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Wu
- ‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lichieh Julie Chu
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,§Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,§§Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,¶¶Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Chia
- ‖‖Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; .,§Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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17
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Özçaka Ö, Epstein JB, Güneri P. Inflammation in the assessment of salivary cytokines in oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis. Oral Oncol 2017; 71:96-98. [PMID: 28688699 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Özgün Özçaka
- Department of Periodontology Ege University, School of Dentistry, Bornova 35100, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Joel B Epstein
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte CA, 8500 Whilshire Blvd, Suite 800, Beverly Hills, CA 90211, USA
| | - Pelin Güneri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ege University, School of Dentistry, Bornova 35100, İzmir, Turkey
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18
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Khan Z, Khan AA, Yadav H, Prasad GBKS, Bisen PS. Survivin, a molecular target for therapeutic interventions in squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:8. [PMID: 28536639 PMCID: PMC5415770 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer worldwide. The treatment of locally advanced disease generally requires various combinations of radiotherapy, surgery, and systemic therapy. Despite aggressive multimodal treatment, most of the patients relapse. Identification of molecules that sustain cancer cell growth and survival has made molecular targeting a feasible therapeutic strategy. Survivin is a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) family, which is overexpressed in most of the malignancies including SCC and totally absent in most of the normal tissues. This feature makes survivin an ideal target for cancer therapy. It orchestrates several important mechanisms to support cancer cell survival including inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of cell division. Overexpression of survivin in tumors is also associated with poor prognosis, aggressive tumor behavior, resistance to therapy, and high tumor recurrence. Various strategies have been developed to target survivin expression in cancer cells, and their effects on apoptosis induction and tumor growth attenuation have been demonstrated. In this review, we discuss recent advances in therapeutic potential of survivin in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Khan
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, 474001 MP India.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Abdul Arif Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hariom Yadav
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | | | - Prakash Singh Bisen
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, 474001 MP India
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19
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Wu CC, Chu HW, Hsu CW, Chang KP, Liu HP. Saliva proteome profiling reveals potential salivary biomarkers for detection of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Proteomics 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Chu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
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