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Huang L, Long Q, Su Q, Zhu X, Long X. Aflatoxin B1-DNA adducts modify the effects of post-operative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization improving hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:780-792. [PMID: 37711588 PMCID: PMC10497403 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim DNA damage involves in the carcinogenesis of some cancer and may act as a target for therapeutic intervention of cancers. However, it is unclear whether aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-DNA adducts (ADAs), an important kind of DNA damage caused by AFB1, affect the efficiency of post-operative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (po-TACE) treatment improving hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) survival. Methods A hospital-based retrospective study, including 318 patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC)-C stage HCC from high AFB1 exposure areas, to investigate the potential effects of ADAs in the tissues with HCC on po-TACE treatment. The amount of ADAs in the cancerous tissues was tested by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). Results Among these patients with HCC, the average amount of ADAs was 3.00 µmol/mol ± 1.51 µmol/mol DNA in their tissues with cancer. For these patients, increasing amount of ADAs was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and tumor reoccurrence-free survival (RFS), with corresponding death risk (DR) of 3.69 (2.78-4.91) and tumor recurrence risk (TRR) of 2.95 (2.24-3.88). The po-TACE therapy can efficiently improve their prognosis [DR = 0.59 (0.46-0.76), TRR = 0.63 (0.49-0.82)]. Interestingly, this improving role was more noticeable among these patients with high ADAs [DR = 0.36 (0.24-0.53), TRR = 0.40 (0.28-0.59)], but not among those with low ADAs (P > 0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that increasing ADAs in the cancerous tissues may be beneficial for po-TACE in ameliorating the survival of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Huang
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis & Research Centre, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Departement of Pathology, Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qinqin Long
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis & Research Centre, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qunying Su
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis & Research Centre, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis & Research Centre, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xidai Long
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis & Research Centre, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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2
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Hartmann P, Schnabl B. Fungal infections and the fungal microbiome in hepatobiliary disorders. J Hepatol 2023; 78:836-851. [PMID: 36565724 PMCID: PMC10033447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Liver and biliary diseases affect more than a billion people worldwide, with high associated morbidity and mortality. The impact of the intestinal bacterial microbiome on liver diseases has been well established. However, the fungal microbiome, or mycobiome, has been overlooked for a long time. Recently, several studies have shed light on the role of the mycobiome in the development and progression of hepatobiliary diseases. In particular, the fungal genus Candida has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple hepatobiliary conditions. Herein, we compare colonisation and infection, describe mycobiome findings in the healthy state and across the various hepatobiliary conditions, and point toward communalities. We detail how quantitation of immune responses to fungal antigens can be employed to predict disease severity, e.g. using antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae or specific anti-Candida albicans antibodies. We also show how fungal products (e.g. beta-glucans, candidalysin) activate the host's immune system to exacerbate liver and biliary diseases. Finally, we describe how the gut mycobiome can be modulated to ameliorate hepatobiliary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipp Hartmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Zhang X, Jiang M, Zhang X, Zhang J, Guo H, Wu C. An extracellular matrix-based signature associated with immune microenvironment predicts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022; 46:101877. [PMID: 35257959 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased data showed that genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) are important to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In contrast, no research was carried out that proposed that ECM-related genes should be reliable prognostic signature. METHODS This study used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas along with The International Cancer Genome Consortium to gather ECM-related gene expression as well as clinical information related to the extracellular matrix. The least absolute shrinkage, Cox analysis, along with selection operator Cox regression and random forest have been utilized for establishing an ECM-related prognostic models. RESULTS A series of investigations led us to identify 13 ECMs which we utilized to construct a prognostic signature with a larger area under the curve of 0.808. HCC patients have been categorized into 2 main groups based on the risk score formula: low risk along with high risk. The findings of the Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that there had been a statistically significant difference between these two groups. Our ECM-related signature can be utilized as independent predictor of survival in HCC. Low-risk patients stratified by the final model presented higher sensitivity to 8 targeted drugs (especially sorafenib) and 2 common chemo-drugs. Our gene set enrichment analysis outcomes recommended that high-risk group have been enriched in ECM, tumorigenesis, as well as immune-related pathways. Immune cell analysis showed that high-risk group had lower cell fraction of CD8+ T cells, Macrophages M1, B naïve cells, memory resting CD4+ T cells, Monocytes, resting Dendritic cells and activated Mast cells, along with higher PD-1 and CTLA4 expression levels as compared to low-risk group. CONCLUSION Our identified ECM-related signature can also give new insight into underlying mechanisms along with therapeutic strategies in order to treat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases
| | - Xihao Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer
| | - Jinliang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer
| | - Hongxing Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, China.
| | - Chenxuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.
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Lin YM, Taiji R, Calandri M, Odisio BC. Tumor Biomarkers and Interventional Oncology: Impact on Local Outcomes for Liver and Lung Malignancy. Curr Oncol Rep 2021; 23:67. [PMID: 33855606 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-021-01056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Interventional oncology (IO) loco-regional treatments are widely utilized in clinical practice. However, local tumor control rates are still widely variable. There is a need to identify and develop novel biomarkers prognosticators following IO therapies. Here, we review the current literature on molecular tumor biomarkers in IO, mainly focusing on patients with liver and lung cancers. RECENT FINDINGS RAS mutation is a prognosticator for patients with colorectal liver metastases. Several promising serum metabolites, gene signatures, circulating tumor nucleotides, and peptides are being evaluated for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Ki-67 and RAS mutation are independent risk factors for local tumor progression in the ablation of lung cancer. The relevant interplay between specific tumor biomarkers and IO loco-regional therapies outcomes has brought a new vision in the management of cancer. Further evolution of personalized interventional oncology accordingly to tumor biomarkers should improve oncologic outcomes for patients receiving IO therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Mao Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St. FCT 14.5084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ryosuke Taiji
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St. FCT 14.5084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Marco Calandri
- Radiology Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Bruno C Odisio
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St. FCT 14.5084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Zhang TQ, Su QQ, Huang XY, Yao JG, Wang C, Xia Q, Long XD, Ma Y. Micro RNA-4651 Serves as a Potential Biomarker for Prognosis When Selecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients for Postoperative Adjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization Therapy. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:1259-1273. [PMID: 30288479 PMCID: PMC6167067 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous reports have shown that microRNA-4651 is a potential early diagnostic and prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to investigate whether microRNA-4651 modified postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (pa-TACE) to improve the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. A hospital-based retrospective study, including 302 patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma who received tumor resection or tumor resection plus pa-TACE as an initial therapy, was conducted to assess the effects of microRNA-4651 on pa-TACE treatment. MicroRNA-4651 expression in tumor tissues was tested using the TaqMan-PCR technique. The sensitivity of tumor cells to doxorubicin (an anticancer drug used in pa-TACE procedure) was analyzed by the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Upregulated microRNA-4651 expression in tumor tissues can improve the therapeutic response of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma on pa-TACE (hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals] = 0.32 [0.22-0.46] for death risk and 0.39 [0.28-0.56] for tumor-recurrence risk, respectively), but downregulated expression cannot. Functional analyses-displayed microRNA-4651 mimics decreased while its inhibitor increased the IC50 of tumor cells to doxorubicin (0.65 [0.61-0.69] versus 2.17 [1.98-2.37] µM). Cytochrome P450 2W1 was shown as a possible target of microRNA-4651. Additionally, dysregulation of microRNA-4651 also affected the clinical pathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma and was an independent prognostic factor for this cancer. Conclusion: These results indicate that increasing microRNA-4651 expression may be beneficial for pa-TACE in improving hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pathology the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China
| | - Qun-Qing Su
- Department of Pathology the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China
| | - Jin-Guang Yao
- Department of Pathology the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China.,Department of Medicine Guangxi Science and Technology University Liuzhou China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Xi-Dai Long
- Department of Pathology the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China.,Department of Liver Surgery Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Pathology the Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
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Prognostic significance of XRCC4 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87955-87970. [PMID: 29152133 PMCID: PMC5675685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous investigations have shown that the variants of X-ray repair complementing 4 (XRCC4) may be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatocarcinoma) tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the possible prognostic significance of XRCC4 expression for hepatocarcinoma patients and possible value for the selection of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. Materials and Methods We conducted a hospital-based retrospective analysis (including 421 hepatocarcinoma cases) to analyze the effects of XRCC4 on hepatocarcinoma prognosis and TACE. The levels of XRCC4 expression were tested using immunohistochemistry. The sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-cancer drug doxorubicin was evaluated using the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Results XRCC4 expression was significantly correlated with pathological features including tumor stage, liver cirrhosis, and micro-vessel density. XRCC4 expression was an independent prognostic factor of hepatocarcinoma, and TACE treatments had no effects on prognosis of hepatocarcinoma patients with high XRCC4 expression. More intriguingly, TACE improved the prognosis of hepatocarcinoma patients with low XRCC4 expression. Functionally, XRCC4 overexpression increased while XRCC4 knockdown reduced the IC50 of cancer cells to doxorubicin. Conclusions These results suggest that XRCC4 may be an independent prognostic factor for hepatocarcinoma patients, and that decreasing XRCC4 expression may be beneficial for post-operative adjuvant TACE treatment in hepatocarcinoma.
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Fako V, Wang XW. The status of transarterial chemoembolization treatment in the era of precision oncology. Hepat Oncol 2017; 4:55-63. [PMID: 28989699 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2017-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the gold standard of therapy for patients with unresectable intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and is also commonly used as postresection adjuvant therapy in Asia. The delivery of TACE is highly variable from center to center, and clinical decision making for patients is based primarily on tumor staging guidelines, with very little focus on individualized tumor features. This review will discuss recent efforts for improving patient outcomes with TACE treatment through personalized medicine advances, including ongoing clinical trials investigating the combination of targeted therapy with TACE and the discovery of prognostic biomarkers for predicting TACE response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Fako
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Diagnostic Value of the Methylation of Multiple Gene Promoters in Serum in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:2929381. [PMID: 28951629 PMCID: PMC5603249 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2929381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the diagnostic value of the methylation of multiple gene promoters in serum in hepatitis B virus- (HBV-) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 343 participants were enrolled, including 98 patients with HCC, 75 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), 90 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and 80 healthy individuals. RASSF1A, APC, BVES, TIMP3, GSTP1, and HOXA9 were selected as the candidate genes. The MethyLight method was used to assay promoter methylation statuses. The diagnostic performances of markers were assessed by constructing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The prevalences of methylation for RASSF1A, APC, BVES, HOXA9, GSTP1, and TIMP3 were 52.04%, 36.73%, 29.59%, 20.41%, 17.35%, and 11.22%, respectively. APC methylation completely overlapped with RASSF1A methylation. The area under the curve (AUC) for RASSF1A methylation (0.718) was better than the corresponding AUC for AFP (0.609) in distinguishing HCC from CHB. When RASSF1A, BVES, HOXA9, and AFP were combined, the AUC was 0.852 (95% CI = 0.796–0.908, P = 0.028), and the sensitivity and specificity were 83.7% and 78.9%, respectively. In conclusion, an assay that combines methylation of the RASSF1A, BVES, and HOXA9 gene promoters in serum and AFP could significantly improve HBV-related HCC diagnoses.
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Lu YL, Yao JG, Huang XY, Wang C, Wu XM, Xia Q, Long XD. Prognostic significance of miR-1268a expression and its beneficial effects for post-operative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36104. [PMID: 27796321 PMCID: PMC5086876 DOI: 10.1038/srep36104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent investigation has shown that the variables of microRNA-1268a may involve in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. Here, we attempted to identify the prognostic significance of microRNA-1268a expression in tumor tissues by a retrospective analysis in 411 patients with HCC, and analyze its effects on post-operative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) improving HCC prognosis. All cases received tumor resection or tumor resection plus post-operative adjuvant TACE as an initial treatment. Logistical regression analysis exhibited that microRNA-1268a expression was significantly correlated with tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor size, and microvessel density. Cox regression analysis showed that microRNA-1268a expression was an independent prognostic factor for HCC, and TACE treatment had no effects on prognosis of HCC patients with high microRNA-1268a expression. More intriguingly, TACE improved the prognosis of HCC patients with low microRNA-1268a expression. Functionally, overexpression of microRNA-1268a inhibited while its inhibitor enhanced doxorubicin-induced the death of cancer cells. These results suggest that microRNA-1268a may be an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients, and that decreasing microRNA-1268a expression may be beneficial for post-operative adjuvant TACE treatment in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Lu
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R.China
| | - Jin-Guang Yao
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R.China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R.China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R.China
| | - Xue-Min Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R.China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R.China
| | - Xi-Dai Long
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, P.R.China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R.China
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