1
|
Watling CZ, Wojt A, Florio AA, Butera G, Albanes D, Weinstein SJ, Huang WY, Parisi D, Zhang X, Graubard BI, Petrick JL, McGlynn KA. Fiber and whole grain intakes in relation to liver cancer risk: An analysis in 2 prospective cohorts and systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Hepatology 2024; 80:552-565. [PMID: 38441973 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The association between fiber or whole grain intakes and the risk of liver cancer remains unclear. We assessed the associations between fiber or whole grain intakes and liver cancer risk among 2 prospective studies, and systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed these results with published prospective studies. APPROACH AND RESULTS A total of 111,396 participants from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) and 26,085 men from the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study were included. Intakes of total fiber and whole grains were estimated from validated food frequency questionnaires. Study-specific HRs and 95% CI with liver cancer risk were estimated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. We systematically reviewed existing literature, and studies were combined in a dose-response meta-analysis. A total of 277 (median follow-up = 15.6 y) and 165 (median follow-up = 16.0 y) cases of liver cancer were observed in Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial and Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, respectively. Dietary fiber was inversely associated with liver cancer risk in Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (HR 10g/day : 0.69; 95% CI: 0.55-0.86). No significant associations were observed between whole grain intakes and liver cancer risk in either study. Our meta-analysis included 2383 incident liver cancer cases (7 prospective cohorts) for fiber intake and 1523 cases (5 prospective cohorts) for whole grain intake; combined HRs for liver cancer risk were 0.83 (0.76-0.91) per 10 g/day of fiber and 0.92 (0.85-0.99) per 16 g/day (1 serving) of whole grains. CONCLUSIONS Dietary fiber and whole grains were inversely associated with liver cancer risk. Further research exploring potential mechanisms and different fiber types is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody Z Watling
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aika Wojt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea A Florio
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gisela Butera
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dominick Parisi
- Information Management Services Inc., Calverton, Maryland, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica L Petrick
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues SG, van der Merwe S, Krag A, Wiest R. Gut-liver axis: Pathophysiological concepts and medical perspective in chronic liver diseases. Semin Immunol 2024; 71:101859. [PMID: 38219459 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana G Rodrigues
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Schalk van der Merwe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Centre for Liver Research, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Reiner Wiest
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Duan R, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt VH, Kakoschke SC, Schardey J, Wirth U, Albertsmeier M, Renz BW, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Hodin RA, Werner J, Ilmer M, Kühn F. Effect of Surgery on Postoperative Levels of the Gut Homeostasis-Regulating Enzyme Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase. J Am Coll Surg 2024; 238:70-80. [PMID: 37870235 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal homeostasis is a crucial factor for complication-free short- and long-term postoperative recovery. The brush border enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an important regulator of gut barrier function and intestinal homeostasis and prevents endotoxemia by detoxifying lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). As IAP is predominantly secreted by enterocytes in the duodenum, we hypothesized that pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) leads to a significantly stronger decrease in IAP than other major abdominal surgery. STUDY DESIGN Pre- and postoperative blood, stool, and intestinal samples were collected from patients undergoing PD, as well as other major surgical procedures without duodenectomy. The samples were analyzed using enzyme histochemistry, the para -nitrophenyl phosphate method for IAP, and the limulus amebocyte lysate assay for LPS. RESULTS Overall, 88 patients were prospectively enrolled in the study. Fecal IAP activity negatively correlated with serum LPS (r = -0.3603, p = 0.0006). PD led to a significant decline in IAP compared to preoperative baseline levels (p < 0.0001). The decline in IAP correlated with the length of proximal small intestinal resection (r = 0.4271, p = 0.0034). Compared to controls, PD was associated with a much more pronounced reduction in IAP-also after adjusting for surgical trauma (operative time, blood loss; r = 0.4598, p = 0.0086). Simultaneously, PD triggered a clearly more prominent increase in serum LPS compared to controls (p = 0.0001). Increased postoperative LPS was associated with an elongated hospitalization (r = 0.7534, p = 0.0062) and more prominent in pancreatic cancer (p = 0.0009). CONCLUSIONS Based upon the functional roles for IAP, supplementation with exogenous IAP might be a new treatment option to improve short- and long-term outcome after PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Duan
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Viktor H von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Sara C Kakoschke
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Josefine Schardey
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Markus Albertsmeier
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Richard A Hodin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Hodin)
| | - Jens Werner
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Florian Kühn
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Petrick JL, Florio AA, Zen J, Wang Y, Gewirtz AT, Pfeiffer RM, Loftus S, Inglefield J, Koshiol J, Yang B, Yu K, Hildesheim A, Chen CJ, Yang HI, Lee MH, McGlynn KA. Biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the REVEAL-HBV and REVEAL-HCV cohort studies. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:44-53. [PMID: 36878686 PMCID: PMC10548479 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Gut barrier dysfunction can result in the liver being exposed to an elevated level of gut-derived bacterial products via portal circulation. Growing evidence suggests that systemic exposure to these bacterial products promotes liver diseases including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, prospective studies have not examined the association between biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction and HCC risk in a population of hepatitis B or C viral (HBV/HCV) carriers. We investigated whether prediagnostic, circulating biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction were associated with HCC risk, using the Risk Evaluation of Viral Load Elevation and Associated Liver Disease/Cancer (REVEAL)-HBV and REVEAL-HCV cohorts from Taiwan. REVEAL-HBV included 185 cases and 161 matched controls, and REVEAL-HCV 96 cases and 96 matched controls. The biomarkers quantitated were immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagellin, soluble CD14 (an LPS coreceptor), and LPS-binding protein (LBP). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between biomarker levels and HCC were calculated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. A doubling of the circulating levels of antiflagellin IgA or LBP was associated with a 76% to 93% increased risk of HBV-related HCC (OR per one unit change in log2 antiflagellin IgA = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.06-2.93; OR for LBP = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.10-3.38). None of the other markers were associated with an increased risk of HBV-related or HCV-related HCC. Results were similar when cases diagnosed in the first 5 years of follow-up were excluded. Our findings contribute to understanding the interplay of gut barrier dysfunction and primary liver cancer etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea A. Florio
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jane Zen
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Applied Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Andrew T. Gewirtz
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ruth M. Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Loftus
- Applied Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jon Inglefield
- Applied Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baiyu Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelly Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Katherine A. McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Daniel N, Genua F, Jenab M, Mayén AL, Chrysovalantou Chatziioannou A, Keski-Rahkonen P, Hughes DJ. The role of the gut microbiome in the development of hepatobiliary cancers. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00390. [PMID: 37055022 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatobiliary cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cancers of the biliary tract, share high mortality and rising incidence rates. They may also share several risk factors related to unhealthy western-type dietary and lifestyle patterns as well as increasing body weights and rates of obesity. Recent data also suggest a role for the gut microbiome in the development of hepatobiliary cancer and other liver pathologies. The gut microbiome and the liver interact bidirectionally through the "gut-liver axis," which describes the interactive relationship between the gut, its microbiota, and the liver. Here, we review the gut-liver interactions within the context of hepatobiliary carcinogenesis by outlining the experimental and observational evidence for the roles of gut microbiome dysbiosis, reduced gut barrier function, and exposure to inflammatory compounds as well as metabolic dysfunction as contributors to hepatobiliary cancer development. We also outline the latest findings regarding the impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on liver pathologies as mediated by the gut microbiome. Finally, we highlight some emerging gut microbiome editing techniques currently being investigated in the context of hepatobiliary diseases. Although much work remains to be done in determining the relationships between the gut microbiome and hepatobiliary cancers, emerging mechanistic insights are informing treatments, such as potential microbiota manipulation strategies and guiding public health advice on dietary/lifestyle patterns for the prevention of these lethal tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Daniel
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, Conway Institute, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Flavia Genua
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, Conway Institute, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ana-Lucia Mayén
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David J Hughes
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, Conway Institute, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ram AK, Vairappan B, Srinivas BH. Nimbolide attenuates gut dysbiosis and prevents bacterial translocation by improving intestinal barrier integrity and ameliorating inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2143-2160. [PMID: 35229912 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota imbalance plays a key pathological role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression; however, the mechanism is poorly understood. We previously showed nimbolide impede tumor development by improving hepatic tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and attenuating inflammation in HCC mice. Here, we aimed to study the role of nimbolide in regulating gut microbiota imbalance and bacterial translocation (BT) through modulating intestinal TJ proteins in an experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. Nimbolide (6 mg/kg) was administered orally for 4 weeks following induction of HCC in mice at the 28th week. Nimbolide treatment attenuated the gut microbiota imbalance by decreasing 16 s rRNA levels of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Bacteroides and increasing Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in the intestinal tissue, which was otherwise altered in HCC mice. Furthermore, nimbolide improved intestinal barrier integrity in HCC mice by upregulating TJ proteins such as occludin and ZO-1 expression and subsequently prevented hepatic BT and decreased BT markers such as LBP, sCD14, and procalcitonin in the plasma of HCC mice. Moreover, nimbolide ameliorated intestinal and hepatic inflammation by downregulating TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB protein expression in HCC mice. Thus, nimbolide represents a novel therapeutic drug for HCC treatment by targeting the gut-liver axis, which plays an imperative role in HCC pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Ram
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Balasubramaniyan Vairappan
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bacterial Translocation in Gastrointestinal Cancers and Cancer Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020380. [PMID: 35203589 PMCID: PMC8962358 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that gut microbiota is associated with the onset and exacerbation of various diseases, such as gastrointestinal cancer. For instance, it is well known that local inflammation of the intestinal tract in colorectal cancer that is caused by the increased number of Fusobacterium, due to changes in the intestinal bacterial flora, is involved in carcinogenesis. In contrast, gut bacteria or their products, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, not only cause intestinal inflammation but also invade the bloodstream through dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction, thereby leading to systemic inflammation, namely bacterial translocation. The involvement of bacterial translocation in the carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal cancers and their prognosis is increasingly being recognized. The Toll-like receptor signaling pathways plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of such cancers. In addition, bacterial translocation influences the treatment of cancers such as surgery and chemotherapy. In this review, we outline the concept of bacterial translocation, summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between gut bacteria and gastrointestinal cancer, and provide future perspectives of this field.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu ZK, Xie RL, You R, Liu YP, Chen XY, Chen MY, Huang PY. The role of the bacterial microbiome in the treatment of cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:934. [PMID: 34412621 PMCID: PMC8375149 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome is defined as the microorganisms that reside in or on the human body, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and their genomes. The human microbiome participates in the modulation of human metabolism by influencing several intricate pathways. The association between specific bacteria or viruses and the efficacy of cancer treatments and the occurrence of treatment-related toxicity in cancer patients has been reported. However, the understanding of the interaction between the host microbiome and the cancer treatment response is limited, and the microbiome potentially plays a greater role in the treatment of cancer than reported to date. Here, we provide a thorough review of the potential role of the gut and locally resident bacterial microbiota in modulating responses to different cancer therapeutics to demonstrate the association between the gut or locally resident bacterial microbiota and cancer therapy. Probable mechanisms, such as metabolism, the immune response and the translocation of microbiome constituents, are discussed to promote future research into the association between the microbiome and other types of cancer. We conclude that the interaction between the host immune system and the microbiome may be the basis of the role of the microbiome in cancer therapies. Future research on the association between host immunity and the microbiome may improve the efficacy of several cancer treatments and provide insights into the cause of treatment-related side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Kun Yu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rui-Ling Xie
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rui You
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - You-Ping Liu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xu-Yin Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Pei-Yu Huang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang X, Lai M, Wu D, Luo P, Fu S. The Effect of 5A nursing intervention on living quality and self-care efficacy of patients undergoing chemotherapy after hepatocellular carcinoma surgery. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:6638-6645. [PMID: 34306407 PMCID: PMC8290751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper explored and analyzed the effect of 5A nursing intervention on living quality and self-care efficacy of patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy after hepatocellular carcinoma surgery. METHODS A total of 97 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma hospitalized from March 2017 to June 2019 were chosen as subjects and separated to the control group (n=47) and observation group (n=50) based on the admission time. The control-group received a conventional nursing care mode, and the observation-group was given the 5A nursing care mode in addition to the conventional care mode in the control group. Self-care efficacy, SF-36 quality of life, cancer-related fatigue degree and satisfaction with nursing work of patients pre- and post-intervention were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The self-care efficacy of the two groups post-intervention was critically higher than during pre-intervention (P<0.05), and the index of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The scores in each dimension of life quality in both groups after intervention were remarkably higher than those for pre-intervention (P<0.05), and the index in observation group was notably higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Cancer-related fatigue degree of the two groups of patients during post-intervention was critically higher than those in pre-intervention (P<0.05), while during post-intervention, the index in control group was notably higher than in observation group (P<0.05). The satisfaction degree of nursing skills, service attitude, health training and hospital condition in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The model of 5A nursing intervention can ameliorate the self-care efficacy and living quality of patients undergoing chemotherapy after hepatocellular carcinoma surgery. The intervention can also help alleviate cancer-related fatigue during treatment, and improve the satisfaction degree of patients with nursing care, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Zhang
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Sanya People’s HospitalSanya 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Min Lai
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Cancer HospitalHaikou 570312, Hainan, China
| | - Donghan Wu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Sanya People’s HospitalSanya 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Pidan Luo
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Sanya People’s HospitalSanya 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Shuixi Fu
- CT Room, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou HospitalHaikou 570208, Hainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mughal MJ, Kwok HF. Multidimensional role of bacteria in cancer: Mechanisms insight, diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic potential. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1026-1044. [PMID: 34119644 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The active role of bacteria in oncogenesis has long been a topic of debate. Although, it was speculated to be a transmissible cause of cancer as early as the 16th-century, yet the idea about the direct involvement of bacteria in cancer development has only been explored in recent decades. More recently, several studies have uncovered the mechanisms behind the carcinogenic potential of bacteria which are inflammation, immune evasion, pro-carcinogenic metabolite production, DNA damage and genomic instability. On the other side, the recent development on the understanding of tumor microenvironment and technological advancements has turned this enemy into an ally. Studies using bacteria for cancer treatment and detection have shown noticeable effects. Therapeutic abilities of bioengineered live bacteria such as high specificity, selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells, responsiveness to external signals and control after ingestion have helped to overcome the challenges faced by conventional cancer therapies and highlighted the bacterial based therapy as an ideal approach for cancer treatment. In this review, we have made an effort to compile substantial evidence to support the multidimensional role of bacteria in cancer. We have discussed the multifaceted role of bacteria in cancer by highlighting the wide impact of bacteria on different cancer types, their mechanisms of actions in inducing carcinogenicity, followed by the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of bacteria in cancers. Moreover, we have also highlighted the existing gaps in the knowledge of the association between bacteria and cancer as well as the limitation and advantage of bacteria-based therapies in cancer. A better understanding of these multidimensional roles of bacteria in cancer can open up the new doorways to develop early detection strategies, prevent cancer, and develop therapeutic tactics to cure this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mechanisms by Which Probiotic Bacteria Attenuate the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052606. [PMID: 33807605 PMCID: PMC7961993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chronic infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the major extrinsic risk factors of HCC development. Genetic background is pivotal in HCC pathogenesis, and both germline mutations and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) are intrinsic risk factors of HCC. These HCC risk factors predispose to hepatic injury and subsequent activation of fibrogenesis that progresses into cirrhosis and HCC. Probiotic bacteria can mitigate HCC risk by modulating host gut microbiota (GM) to promote growth of beneficial microbes and inhibit HCC-associated dysbiosis, thus preventing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)-mediated hepatic inflammation. Probiotics have antiviral activities against HBV and HCV infections, ameliorate obesity and risk of NAFLD/NASH, and their antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic effects can prevent the HCC pathogenesis. Probiotics also upregulate the expression of tumor suppressor genes and downregulate oncogene expression. Moreover, metabolites generated by probiotics through degradation of dietary phytochemicals may mitigate the risk of HCC development. These multiple anticancer mechanisms illustrate the potential of probiotics as an adjuvant strategy for HCC risk management and treatment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Sampsell K, Hao D, Reimer RA. The Gut Microbiota: A Potential Gateway to Improved Health Outcomes in Breast Cancer Treatment and Survivorship. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9239. [PMID: 33287442 PMCID: PMC7731103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. The disease and its treatments exert profound effects on an individual's physical and mental health. There are many factors that impact an individual's risk of developing breast cancer, their response to treatments, and their risk of recurrence. The community of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract, the gut microbiota, affects human health through metabolic, neural, and endocrine signaling, and immune activity. It is through these mechanisms that the gut microbiota appears to influence breast cancer risk, response to treatment, and recurrence. A disrupted gut microbiota or state of 'dysbiosis' can contribute to a biological environment associated with higher risk for cancer development as well as contribute to negative treatment side-effects. Many cancer treatments have been shown to shift the gut microbiota toward dysbiosis; however, the microbiota can also be positively manipulated through diet, prebiotic and probiotic supplementation, and exercise. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the current understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiota and breast cancer and to highlight potential strategies for modulation of the gut microbiota that could lead to improved clinical outcomes and overall health in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara Sampsell
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Desirée Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre and Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
| | - Raylene A. Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu L, Feng J, Li J, Yu Q, Ji J, Wu J, Dai W, Guo C. The gut microbiome-bile acid axis in hepatocarcinogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111036. [PMID: 33378947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with few effective therapeutic options. Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and can be modulated by farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G-protein coupled BA receptor 1 (GPBAR1/TGR5). Alterations in BAs can affect hepatic metabolic homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of liver cancer. Increasing evidence points to the key role of bacterial microbiota in the promotion and development of liver cancer. They are also involved in the regulation of BA synthesis and metabolism. The purpose of this review is to integrate related articles involving gut microbiota, BAs and HCC, and review how the gut microbiota-BA signaling axis can possibly influence the development of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China.
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang HZ, Liu L, Xu Y, Zhang GY, Wang YY. LncRNA UCA1 Affects the Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Apoptosis of Hepatic Carcinoma Cells by Targeting MicroRNA-193a-3p. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10897-10907. [PMID: 33154669 PMCID: PMC7608488 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth lethal cancer in the world, but its relationship with lncRNA urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1)/microRNA-193a-3p axis remains unclear, so this study would explore the relationship. METHODS A real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was carried out to quantify lncRNA UCA1 and microRNA-193a-3p in HCC tissues and cells, and relevant overexpression or inhibition vectors were constructed to analyze the influences of lncRNA UCA1 and microRNA-193a-3p on HCC cells. A Transwell assay was used to measure invasion and migration of HCC cells, and a Western blot assay to quantify protein biomarkers of apoptosis, invasion, and migration, a MTT assay to determine cell viability, a flow cytometry to detect cell cycle, and a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay to analyze the correlation between lncRNA UCA1 and microRNA-193a-3p. RESULTS LncRNA UCA1 was increased in HCC, while microRNA-193a-3p was decreased. Down-regulated lncRNA UCA1 could up-regulate microRNA-193a-3p, and down-regulated lncRNA UCA1 or up-regulated microRNA-193a-3p would strengthen cell apoptosis and weaken cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Furthermore, lncRNA UCA1 could negatively regulate microRNA-193a-3p by binding to it. CONCLUSION LncRNA UCA1 promotes malignant hyperproliferation of HCC cells by repressing microRNA-193a-3p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province276800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of ENT, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province276800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Oncology, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province276800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Ye Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province276800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Wang
- Department of ENT, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province276800, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barros SP, Fahimipour F, Tarran R, Kim S, Scarel-Caminaga RM, Justice A, North K. Epigenetic reprogramming in periodontal disease: Dynamic crosstalk with potential impact in oncogenesis. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82:157-172. [PMID: 31850624 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with microbial dysbiosis and characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontal tissues. Such chronic infectious inflammatory disease is recognized as a major public health problem worldwide with measurable impact in systemic health. It has become evident that the periodontal disease phenotypes are not only determined by the microbiome effect, but the extent of the tissue response is also driven by the host genome and epigenome patterns responding to various environmental exposures. More recently there is mounting evidence indicating that epigenetic reprogramming in response to combined intrinsic and environmental exposures, might be particularly relevant due its plasticity and potential application towards precision health. The complex epigenetic crosstalk is reflected in the prognosis and progress of periodontal diseases and may also lead to a favorable landscape for cancer development. This review discusses epigenomics modifications focusing on the role of DNA methylation and pathways linking microbial infection and inflammatory pathways, which are also associated with carcinogenesis. There is a more clear vision whereas 'omics' technologies applied to unveil relevant epigenetic factors could play a significant role in the treatment of periodontal disease in a personalized mode, evidencing that public health approach should coexist with precision individualized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana P Barros
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Farahnaz Fahimipour
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Marsico Lung Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven Kim
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Anne Justice
- Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health Weis Center for Research, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guan R, Guo W, Hong W, Lin Y, Zou X, Shi N, Yang D, Zhou Y, Jian Z, Jin H, Lin W, Yu M. Identification of Aberrantly Methylated Differentially CpG Sites in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Association With Patient Survival. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1031. [PMID: 32793465 PMCID: PMC7390903 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify aberrantly methylated differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) and investigate their prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 2,404 DMCs were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and validated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The TCGA cohort was divided into a training cohort and a validating cohort. First, the prognostic model based on six DMCs, including cg08351331, cg02910574, cg09947274, cg17589341, cg24652919, and cg26545968, was constructed based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression Cox analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of the DMC-based model was 0.765 in the training cohort and 0.734 in the validating cohort. The accuracy of a model combining the DMC signature and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, with an AUC of 0.795, was better than that of the DMCs or AJCC stage alone. Second, further analysis revealed that the methylation rate of cg08351331 was negatively associated with the expression of its relative gene, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Besides, the gene expression of LBP was significantly associated with poor overall survival in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Finally, these findings were confirmed by GSE57956 data and our own cohort. In conclusion, we established an accurate DMC-based prognostic model that could be combined with AJCC stage to improve the accuracy of prognostic prediction in HCC. Moreover, our preliminary data indicate that LBP may be a new key factor in HBV-induced HCC initiation through the regulation of its methylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renguo Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongfeng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haosheng Jin
| | - Weidong Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
- Weidong Lin
| | - Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Min Yu
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In prior decades, liver cancer was viewed as a neoplasm that almost exclusively arose among high-risk populations in low- and middle-income countries. Incidence rates in some high-risk populations, however, have been declining, while rates in low-risk populations have been increasing, reflecting changes in underlying etiology. In this review, we highlight the evolving epidemiology of liver cancer, focusing on recent research and advances. RECENT FINDINGS Efforts to reduce or eliminate the risk associated with major risk factors such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) have met with some success. As opposed to these favorable trends, the joint epidemics of obesity and diabetes have begun to affect liver cancer rates around the world. SUMMARY While there has been progress in combating the effects of some risk factors, the increasing prevalence of others poses a major threat to attempts to tackle the rising incidence of liver cancer globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Petrick
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Katherine A. McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|