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Ross R, Janssen I, Tremblay MS. Public health importance of light intensity physical activity. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:674-675. [PMID: 38307207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ross
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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Wei L, Ahmadi MN, Hamer M, Blodgett JM, Small S, Trost S, Stamatakis E. Comparing cadence-based and machine learning based estimates for physical activity intensity classification: The UK Biobank. J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00151-8. [PMID: 38852004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cadence thresholds have been widely used to categorize physical activity intensity in health-related research. We examined the convergent validity of two cadence-based intensity classification approaches against a machine-learning-based intensity schema in 84,315 participants (≥40 years) with wrist-worn accelerometers. DESIGN Validity study. METHODS Both cadence-based methods (one-level cadence, two-level cadence) calculated intensity-specific time based on cadence-thresholds while the two-level cadence identified stepping behaviors first. We used an overlapping plot, mean absolute error, and Spearman's correlation coefficient to examine agreements between the cadence-based and machine-learning methods. We also evaluated agreements between methods based on practically-important-difference (moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity: ±20 min/day, moderate-physical activity: ±15, vigorous-physical activity: ±2.5, light-physical activity: ±30). RESULTS The group-level (median) minutes of moderate-to-vigorous- and moderate-physical activity estimated by one-level cadence were within the range of practically-important-difference compared to the machine-learning method (bias of median: moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity, -3.5, interquartile range [-15.8, 12.2]; moderate-physical activity, -6.0 [-17.2, 4.1]). The group-level vigorous- and light-physical activity minutes derived by two-level cadence were within practically-important-difference range (vigorous-physical activity: -0.9 [-3.1, 0.5]; light-physical activity, -1.3 [-28.2, 28.9]). The individual-level differences between the cadence-based and machine learning methods were high across intensities (e.g., moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity: mean absolute error [one-level cadence: 24.2 min/day; two-level cadence: 26.2]), with the proportion of participants within the practically-important-difference ranging from 8.4 % to 61.6 %. CONCLUSIONS One-level cadence showed acceptable group-level estimates of moderate-to-vigorous and moderate-physical activity while two-level cadence showed acceptable group-level estimates of vigorous- and light-physical activity. The cadence-based methods might not be appropriate for individual-level intensity-specific time estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wei
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew N Ahmadi
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Hamer
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M Blodgett
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Small
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart Trost
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia; Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Centre for Children's Health Research, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.
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Hidde MC, Lyden K, Henry K, Leach HJ. Reallocating Time to Physical Activity and Sleep: Associations with Body Mass Index in Cancer Survivors. Int J Behav Med 2024; 31:109-115. [PMID: 36854870 PMCID: PMC9974052 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) above ≥ 25 kg/m2 is associated with increased risk for cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Achieving recommended amounts of physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and sleep can help cancer survivors (CS) attain a healthy BMI. This cross-sectional study examined the potential role of reallocating time between moderate and light PA, ST, and sleep on BMI in CS. METHOD A sample of CS (N = 73, Mage = 53.7 ± 12.9) wore an activPAL and Actiwatch accelerometer for 7 days, 24 h per day to measure PA intensity and sleep, respectively. Self-reported height and weight or scale/stadiometer were used to calculate BMI. Isotemporal substitution models were used to reallocate time, averaged over the 7-day period, from one activity of interest to another and examine the associations with BMI. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. RESULTS The following reallocations of 30 min were significantly associated with BMI: sleep to ST (+ 0.80 kg/m2, p = 0.02) and ST to light PA (- 0.53 kg/m2, p = 0.008). No significant associations with BMI were observed for reallocating time to or away from moderate-vigorous PA. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that sleep and light PA may have important implications for achieving a healthy BMI in CS. Therefore, future research should include interventions which target light PA and sleep to determine if they can improve BMI in CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C. Hidde
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Parkway, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Parkway, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
| | - Kate Lyden
- KAL Research and Consulting, LLC, Denver, CO USA
| | - Kim Henry
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - Heather J. Leach
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
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Derton A, Guevara M, Chen S, Moningi S, Kozono DE, Liu D, Miller TA, Savova GK, Mak RH, Bitterman DS. Natural Language Processing Methods to Empirically Explore Social Contexts and Needs in Cancer Patient Notes. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2023; 7:e2200196. [PMID: 37235847 DOI: 10.1200/cci.22.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is an unmet need to empirically explore and understand drivers of cancer disparities, particularly social determinants of health. We explored natural language processing methods to automatically and empirically extract clinical documentation of social contexts and needs that may underlie disparities. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 230,325 clinical notes from 5,285 patients treated with radiotherapy from 2007 to 2019. We compared linguistic features among White versus non-White, low-income insurance versus other insurance, and male versus female patients' notes. Log odds ratios with an informative Dirichlet prior were calculated to compare words over-represented in each group. A variational autoencoder topic model was applied, and topic probability was compared between groups. The presence of machine-learnable bias was explored by developing statistical and neural demographic group classifiers. RESULTS Terms associated with varied social contexts and needs were identified for all demographic group comparisons. For example, notes of non-White and low-income insurance patients were over-represented with terms associated with housing and transportation, whereas notes of White and other insurance patients were over-represented with terms related to physical activity. Topic models identified a social history topic, and topic probability varied significantly between the demographic group comparisons. Classification models performed poorly at classifying notes of non-White and low-income insurance patients (F1 of 0.30 and 0.23, respectively). CONCLUSION Exploration of linguistic differences in clinical notes between patients of different race/ethnicity, insurance status, and sex identified social contexts and needs in patients with cancer and revealed high-level differences in notes. Future work is needed to validate whether these findings may play a role in cancer disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Derton
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marco Guevara
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shan Chen
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shalini Moningi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David E Kozono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dianbo Liu
- Mila-Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Timothy A Miller
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Guergana K Savova
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Raymond H Mak
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Danielle S Bitterman
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Salerno EA, Saint-Maurice PF, Wan F, Peterson LL, Park Y, Cao Y, Duncan RP, Troiano RP, Matthews CE. Prospective associations between accelerometry-derived physical activity and sedentary behaviors and mortality among cancer survivors. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkad007. [PMID: 36786414 PMCID: PMC10038185 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival benefits of self-reported recreational physical activity (PA) during cancer survivorship are well-documented in common cancer types, yet there are limited data on the associations between accelerometer-derived PA of all domains, sedentary behavior, and mortality in large, diverse cohorts of cancer survivors. METHODS Participants included adults who reported a cancer diagnosis in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and wore an accelerometer for up to 7 days in 2003-2006. Participants were followed for subsequent mortality through 2015. We examined the association of light PA, moderate to vigorous PA, total PA, and sedentary behavior, with all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographics and health indicators. RESULTS A total of 480 participants (mean age of 68.8 years [SD = 12.4] at the time of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey assessment) reported a history of cancer. A total of 215 deaths occurred over the follow-up period. For every 1-h/d increase in light PA and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), cancer survivors had 49% (HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.76) and 37% (HR = 0.63 , 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.99) lower hazards of all-cause mortality, respectively. Total PA demonstrated similar associations with statistically significantly lower hazards of death for each additional hour per day (HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.85), as did every metabolic equivalents of task-hour per day increase in total PA estimations of energy expenditure (HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.82 to 0.95). Conversely, more sedentary time (1 h/d) was not associated with statistically significantly higher hazards (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.94 to 1.23). CONCLUSIONS These findings reinforce the current recommendations for cancer survivors to be physically active and underscore the continued need for widespread PA promotion for long-term survival in older cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Salerno
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pedro F Saint-Maurice
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Fei Wan
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lindsay L Peterson
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yikyung Park
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan P Duncan
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard P Troiano
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Charles E Matthews
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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Yang L, Friedenreich CM. From evidence to implementation of lifestyle behaviour in cancer prevention and control: A Preventive Medicine Golden Jubilee Commentary. Prev Med 2023; 166:107342. [PMID: 36368342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Preventive interventions targeting tobacco, alcohol, healthy diets and physical activity are key strategies to tackle the most pressing health challenges in modern society. A major gap remains in how to translate research evidence into population-level behaviour change to reduce the disease burden. We use the case for the role of physical activity-related behaviour and cancer to illustrate the iterative, multidirectional, and transdisciplinary nature of translational research. The issues we address in this context are generalizable and applicable to other behavioral risk factors and non-communicable diseases. There is now solid evidence that physical activity reduces cancer risk and improves outcomes after cancer diagnosis. Here we provide a framework for how to implement this knowledge into real-world settings. We provide the rationale for combining systems, causal and design thinking to develop interventions that can be implemented for this type of behaviour change. The proposed model is iterative, multidirectional and transdisciplinary. We identify major knowledge gaps in epidemiology and science of behaviour change on physical activity and cancer control and propose approaches to suggest priorities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Gordon BR, Caru M, Blair CK, Bluethmann SM, Conroy DE, Doerksen SE, Hakun JG, Sturgeon KM, Potiaumpai M, Sciamanna CN, Schmitz KH. Light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity among older adult breast cancer survivors with obesity: A narrative review. Cancer Med 2022; 11:4602-4611. [PMID: 35620805 PMCID: PMC9741972 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an aging population, rising incidence of breast cancer, improved survival rates, and obesity epidemic, there will be a growing population of older adult breast cancer survivors with obesity. This complex population, often with multimorbidity, is at risk for several poor health outcomes, including recurrence, cardiovascular disease, dementia, and diabetes, and a number of deleterious symptoms, including a worsened inflammatory profile, breast cancer- related lymphedema, mobility disability, cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. A wealth of meta-analytic and randomized controlled trial evidence show that adherence to World Health Organization and 2018 United States Physical Activity guidelines-based levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) reduces risk of all-cause mortality, and improves symptoms. However, few survivors engage in recommended levels of MVPA, and symptoms related to their multimorbidity may preclude engaging in sufficient levels of MVPA. Additional research of MVPA in this population is warranted; however, understudied light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) may be a more pragmatic target than MVPA among this complex population facing extensive challenges meeting MVPA recommendations. Large benefits are likely to occur from increasing these survivors' total activity, and LIPA prescriptions may be a more pragmatic approach than MVPA to aid this transition. METHODS We present a broad, narrative review of the evidence for MVPA and LIPA in this population on an array of health outcomes across the translational science spectrum (clinical, implementation, and public health), and identify a number of directions for future research focused on understanding the potential diverse health effects of LIPA. CONCLUSION Additional LIPA research is warranted, as LIPA prescriptions may be a pragmatic strategy to effectively promote physical activity to this complex population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R Gordon
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maxime Caru
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cindy K Blair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - David E Conroy
- The Pennsylvana State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.,Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jonathon G Hakun
- The Pennsylvana State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Foxx RK, Jake-Schoffman DE, Mathews AE, Cheong J, Yurasek AM. Relative reinforcement from physical activity in real-world environments: a novel application of behavioral economics. J Behav Med 2022; 45:914-924. [PMID: 36116081 PMCID: PMC9483365 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00363-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda K Foxx
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118210, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Danielle E Jake-Schoffman
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118210, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Anne E Mathews
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110370, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - JeeWon Cheong
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118210, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ali M Yurasek
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118210, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Guo Z, Li R, Lu S. Leisure-time physical activity and risk of depression: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29917. [PMID: 35905243 PMCID: PMC9333473 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has never been a dose-response meta-analysis of the relationship between physical activity and the risk of depression. Hence, we aimed to explore the dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and the risk of depression through a meta-analysis to provide a basis for the prevention of depression. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using a computer to collect prospective cohort studies on the relationship between LTPA and depression between January 1997 and July 2021. A dose-response meta-analysis was performed using the Stata 14 software to calculate the combined effect size relative risk (RR and 95% confidence interval CI). RESULTS Twelve cohort studies included 310,359 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. The categorical dose-response analysis results showed that the risk of incident depression was 27%, 17%, and 8% lower for the light, moderate, and highest dose LTPA participants, respectively (RR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.64-0.82; RR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.78-0.87; RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.99), compared with the lowest LTPA category. Continuous dose-response analysis showed a nonlinear relationship between LTPA and the risk of incident depression (P = .04). The risk of incident depression was reduced by 3% (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.98) for every 5 MET-h/week increase in LTPA < 25 MET-h/week; when LTPA was higher than 25 MET-h/week, a 4% increase in the risk of depression for every 5 MET-h/week increase was observed (RR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a nonlinear relationship between LTPA and the risk of incident depression. Moderate and low doses of LTPA were protective factors in preventing the risk of incident depression, while high doses of LTPA may increase the risk of incident depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiGuang Guo
- School of Sports Health, HuBei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Physical Education, Kashgar University, Kashi, China
| | - Songtao Lu
- School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- School of Sports, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Songtao Lu, MD, School of Sports, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.16, Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China (e-mail: )
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10
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Qiu S, Cai X, Yuan Y, Xie B, Sun Z, Wu T. Is imaging-based muscle quantity associated with risk of diabetes? A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 189:109939. [PMID: 35662615 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Greater muscle quantity (muscle mass and area) is associated with better glycemic control in adults, but its longitudinal association with risk of diabetes remains debatable. We therefore conducted this meta-analysis to address this issue. METHODS We performed a literature search and included cohort studies that measured muscle quantity objectively by imaging-based approaches and reported their association with risk of diabetes. Study-specific data were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS Thirty-three unique datasets, with 10 on total muscle quantity, and 23 on regional (8 on appendicular, 4 on leg, 6 on thigh, and 5 on abdominal) muscle quantity, were included. Muscle quantity was all measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry or computed tomography. Most datasets revealed nonsignificant outcomes. Meta-analysis showed collectively that the risk of diabetes was not related to total or regional muscle quantity in either normalized or unnormalized form, with the hazard ratios ranged from 0.92 to 1.09 per every 1 standard deviation higher of corresponding muscle quantity in general (all P > 0.10). Neither sex nor weight status affected the relationship. CONCLUSIONS Our study did not provide adequate evidence to support the concept that large muscle quantity was associated with low risk of diabetes in population-based cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhu Qiu
- Department of General Practice, Zhongda Hospital, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Research and Education Centre of General Practice, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China(1)
| | - Xue Cai
- Department of Nursing Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital; Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of General Practice, Zhongda Hospital, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Research and Education Centre of General Practice, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zilin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital; Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Tongzhi Wu
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence (CRE) in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Changes in Physical Fitness during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown among Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020351. [PMID: 35206965 PMCID: PMC8872448 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative impact of COVID-19 on physical activity has been improved, while the research on changes in physical fitness that may be caused by physical inactivity is still scarce. This study aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on physical fitness, and the impact of initial physical fitness indicators on their changes during the lockdown in adolescents. A longitudinal study including 265 adolescents aged 14.1 ± 0.4 years old was conducted in China. Physical fitness measurement at baseline and follow-up were respectively measured before (November 2019) and after the lockdown (July 2020). Several physical fitness indicators including aerobic fitness (i.e., 800-m or 1000-m run) and explosive force (i.e., 50-m sprint) deteriorated during the lockdown. Whereas the performances of vital capacity, flexibility (i.e., sit and reach), and muscular strength (i.e., pull-ups) were significantly improved during the lockdown. Furthermore, the reduction in physical fitness for adolescents with higher physical fitness before the lockdown was greater than that for others. These findings may contribute to the development of targeted intervention strategies for physical fitness promotion during the lockdown caused by the public health emergency.
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Lu S, Liu W, Li R, Zhang L. Leisure time physical activity and risk of pneumonia mortality: a dose-response meta-analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:547-553. [PMID: 34132511 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This meta-analysis of cohort studies aimed to examine the doseresponse relationships between LPTA (Leisure time physical activity) and pneumonia mortality to provide some suggestions for the prevention of respiratory disease mortality. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PubMed、WOS database was systematically searched for eligible studies until Nov.1, 2020. The prospective cohort study on the relationship between LPTA and pneumonia mortality was collected. The Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14 software to calculate the combined effect size (HR) of pneumonia mortality and its 95% CI in a categorical dose-response relationship. The restrictive cubic spline model was used to fit the continuous dose-response relationship. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Eight cohort studies included 370045 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. The categorical dose-relational analysis revealed that the highest dose compared to the lowest LTPA dose reduced the risk of pneumonia mortality by 32%(HR=0.68.95% CI:0.64-0.73). The continuous dose-response relationship results showed a negative nonlinear relationship between LTPA and the risk of pneumonia mortality (PNon-linearity<0.05). The risk of pneumonia death HR decreased by 16%(p<0.01, HR=0.84.95%CI:0.82-0.86) for each additional 5 MET-h/week when LTPA below 20 MET-h/week. When LTPA was higher than 20 MET-h/week, the risk of pneumonia death HR decreased by 6% for each additional 5 MET-h/week(p<0.01, HR=0.94,95%CI:0.93-0.94). CONCLUSIONS All doses of LTPA are protective factors of pneumonia mortality risk and the protective effect on pneumonia mortality is enhanced if LTPA increases. The degree of enhancement is weakened when LTPA is higher than 20 MET-h/week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Lu
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.,School of Sports, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China -
| | - Rui Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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Amadou A, Freisling H, Jenab M, Tsilidis KK, Trichopoulou A, Boffetta P, Van Guelpen B, Mokoroa O, Wilsgaard T, Kee F, Schöttker B, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Männistö S, Söderberg S, Vermeulen RCH, Quirós JR, Liao LM, Sinha R, Kuulasmaa K, Brenner H, Romieu I. Prevalent diabetes and risk of total, colorectal, prostate and breast cancers in an ageing population: meta-analysis of individual participant data from cohorts of the CHANCES consortium. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1882-1890. [PMID: 33772152 PMCID: PMC8144608 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated whether associations between prevalent diabetes and cancer risk are pertinent to older adults and whether associations differ across subgroups of age, body weight status or levels of physical activity. METHODS We harmonised data from seven prospective cohort studies of older individuals in Europe and the United States participating in the CHANCES consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the associations of prevalent diabetes with cancer risk (all cancers combined, and for colorectum, prostate and breast). We calculated summary risk estimates across cohorts using pooled analysis and random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 667,916 individuals were included with an overall median (P25-P75) age at recruitment of 62.3 (57-67) years. During a median follow-up time of 10.5 years, 114,404 total cancer cases were ascertained. Diabetes was not associated with the risk of all cancers combined (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-1.04; I2 = 63.3%). Diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk in men (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08-1.26; I2 = 0%) and a similar HR in women (1.13; 95% CI: 0.82-1.56; I2 = 46%), but with a confidence interval including the null. Diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.85; I2 = 0%), but not with postmenopausal breast cancer (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.89-1.03; I2 = 0%). In exploratory subgroup analyses, diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk only in men with overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS Prevalent diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk and inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in older Europeans and Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Amadou
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France.
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olatz Mokoroa
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Frank Kee
- Institute for Health Sciences Risk and Inequality, Centre for Public Health, Belfast, UK
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - José M Ordóñez-Mena
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Söderberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
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Hajna S, Brage S, Dalton A, Griffin SJ, Jones AP, Khaw KT, Luben R, Wareham NJ, Panter J. Cross-sectional and prospective associations between active living environments and accelerometer-assessed physical activity in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. Health Place 2020; 67:102490. [PMID: 33321456 PMCID: PMC7883217 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The environments in which young and middle-aged adults live may influence their physical activity (PA) behaviours. These associations are less clear among older adults. We estimated cross-sectional and prospective associations of population density, junction density, and land use mix and perceived active living environments with accelerometer-assessed PA in a cohort of older adults. Adults living in more dense and mixed neighbourhoods had less optimal activity profiles at baseline and less optimal changes in activity. Better perceptions were associated with more overall PA at baseline. Interventions for older adults may wish to target individuals living in more dense and mixed neighbourhoods. Older adults living in more dense/mixed areas are more sedentary and less active. More dense/mixed areas are associated with less optimal changes in activity. Adults who perceive living in more activity-friendly accumulate more total activity. There was no evidence of associations between perceptions and changes in activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hajna
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Soren Brage
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Dalton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Simon J Griffin
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andy P Jones
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna Panter
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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