1
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Pereira PA, Serra MES, Serra AC, Coelho JFJ. Application of vinyl polymer-based materials as nucleic acids carriers in cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1820. [PMID: 35637638 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies have changed the paradigm of cancer treatment, where conventional treatment modalities still have several limitations in terms of efficacy and severe side effects. However, these biomolecules have a short half-life in vivo, requiring multiple administrations, resulting in severe suffering, discomfort, and poor patient compliance. In the early days of (nano)biotechnology, these problems caused concern in the medical community, but recently it has been recognized that these challenges can be overcome by developing innovative formulations. This review focuses on the use of vinyl polymer-based materials for the protection and delivery of nucleic acids in cancer. First, an overview of the properties of nucleic acids and their versatility as drugs is provided. Then, key information on the achievements to date, the most effective delivery methods, and the evaluation of functionalization approaches (stimulatory strategies) are critically discussed to highlight the importance of vinyl polymers in the new cancer treatment approaches. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Alexandra Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, Coimbra, Portugal
- IPN, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Associação para a Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Ciência e Tecnologia, Rua Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Arménio C Serra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge F J Coelho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, Coimbra, Portugal
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2
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Spanedda MV, Bourel-Bonnet L. Cyclic Anhydrides as Powerful Tools for Bioconjugation and Smart Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:482-496. [PMID: 33662203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic anhydrides are potent tools for bioconjugation; therefore, they are broadly used in the functionalization of biomolecules and carriers. The pH-dependent stability and reactivity, as well as the physical properties, can be tuned by the structure of the cyclic anhydride used; thus, their application in smart delivery systems has become very important. This review intends to cover the last updates in the use of cyclic anhydrides as pH-sensitive linkers, their differences in reactivity, and the latest applications found in bioconjugation chemistry or chemical biology, and when possible, in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Spanedda
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, 3Bio team, ITI InnoVec, UMR 7199 - CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Line Bourel-Bonnet
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, 3Bio team, ITI InnoVec, UMR 7199 - CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
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3
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PNIPAM-b-PDMAEA double stimuli responsive copolymers: Effects of composition, end groups and chemical modification on solution self-assembly. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Effects of Chemical Modifications on the Thermoresponsive Behavior of a PDMAEA-b-PNIPAM-b-POEGA Triblock Terpolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061382. [PMID: 32575556 PMCID: PMC7361810 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis, selective chemical modifications, and self-assembly behavior in aqueous media of a novel poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate)20-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)11-b-poly(oligo ethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate)18 (PDMAEA20-b-PNIPAM11-b-POEGA18) dual-responsive (pH and temperature) and triply hydrophilic amino-based triblock terpolymer are reported. The amine functional triblock terpolymer was synthesized by sequential reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) polymerization and molecularly characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and 1H-NMR spectroscopy that evidenced the success of the three-step polymerization scheme. The tertiary amine pendant groups of the PDMAEA block were chemically modified in order to produce the Q1PDMAEA20-b-PNIPAM11-b-POEGA18 as well as the Q6PDMAEA20-b-PNIPAM11-b-POEGA18 quaternized triblock terpolymers (Q1 and Q6 prefixes show the number of carbon atoms (C1 and C6) attached on the PDMAEA groups) using methyl iodide (CH3I) and 1-iodohexane (C6H13I) as the quaternizing agents and the SPDMAEA20-b-PNIPAM11-b-POEGA18 sulfobetainized triblock terpolymer using 1,3 propanesultone (C3H6O3S) as the sulfobetainization agent. The self-assembly properties of the triblock terpolymers in aqueous solutions upon varying temperature and solution pH were studied by light scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy experiments. The novel triblock terpolymers self-assemble into nanosized aggregates upon solution temperature rise above the nominal lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the temperature-responsive PNIPAM block. The remarkable stimuli-responsive self-assembly behavior of the novel triblock terpolymers in aqueous media make them interesting candidates for biomedical applications in the fields of drug and gene delivery.
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5
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Tyurina TG, Zarechnaya OM, Zaitseva VV, Zaitsev SY. The Interaction of Maleic Anhydride, N-Vinylpyrrolidone, and Their Mixture with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220050023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Bisso S, Mura S, Castagner B, Couvreur P, Leroux JC. Dual delivery of nucleic acids and PEGylated-bisphosphonates via calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:142-152. [PMID: 31220571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite many years of research and a few success stories with gene therapeutics, efficient and safe DNA delivery remains a major bottleneck for the clinical translation of gene-based therapies. Gene transfection with calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles brings the advantages of low toxicity, high DNA entrapment efficiency and good endosomal escape properties. The macroscale aggregation of CaP nanoparticles can be easily prevented through surface coating with bisphosphonate conjugates. Bisphosphonates, such as alendronate, recently showed promising anticancer effects. However, their poor cellular permeability and preferential bone accumulation hamper their full application in chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the dual delivery of plasmid DNA and alendronate using CaP nanoparticles, with the goal to facilitate cellular internalization of both compounds and potentially achieve a combined pharmacological effect on the same or different cell lines. A pH-sensitive poly(ethylene glycol)-alendronate conjugate was synthetized and used to formulate stable plasmid DNA-loaded CaP nanoparticles. These particles displayed good transfection efficiency in cancer cells and a strong cytotoxic effect on macrophages. The in vivo transfection efficiency, however, remained low, calling for an improvement of the system, possibly with respect to the extent of particle uptake and their physical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Bisso
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Mura
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Bastien Castagner
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Bao W, Liu X, Lv Y, Lu GH, Li F, Zhang F, Liu B, Li D, Wei W, Li Y. Nanolongan with Multiple On-Demand Conversions for Ferroptosis-Apoptosis Combined Anticancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2019; 13:260-273. [PMID: 30616348 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a type of programmed cell death, ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis. The combination of the two thus provides a promising modality with which to significantly improve anticancer treatment efficacy. To fully utilize this combination, we herein designed a nanolongan delivery system, which possessed a typical structure of one core (up-conversion nanoparticles, UCNP) in one gel particle (Fe3+ cross-linked oxidized starch) with multiple on-demand conversions. The charge conversion of the nanolongan surface in a slightly acidic microenvironment enhanced circulation time for utilizing the enhanced permeability and retention effect, enabled efficient uptake by tumor cells, and induced subsequently lysosomal escape. As the core component, the UCNP with light conversion from near-infrared light to ultraviolet light circumvented the impediment of limited penetration depth and enabled the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+. Accordingly, gel networks of nanolongan could be deconstructed due to this valence conversion, leading to the rapid release of Fe2+ and doxorubicin (Dox). In this case, the Fenton reaction between Fe2+ and intracellular H2O2 generated potent reactive oxygen species for ferroptosis, while the co-released Dox penetrated into nucleus and induced apoptosis in a synergistic way. As a result, superior anticancer therapeutic effects were achieved with little systemic toxicity, indicating that our nanolongan could serve as a safe and high-performance platform for ferroptosis-apoptosis combined anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weier Bao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing , China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
- College of Life Science and Technology , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 100029 Beijing , China
| | - Xianwu Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing , China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
- College of Life Science and Technology , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 100029 Beijing , China
| | - Yanlin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
| | - Gui-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
| | - Bin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing , China
| | - Dan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing , China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190 Beijing , China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing , China
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8
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Lim C, Won WR, Moon J, Sim T, Shin Y, Kim JC, Lee ES, Youn YS, Oh KT. Co-delivery of d-(KLAKLAK)2 peptide and doxorubicin using a pH-sensitive nanocarrier for synergistic anticancer treatment. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00741e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Currently, one of the most important challenges in the development of nanotechnology-based anticancer treatments is the failure of nanoparticles to escape from the endo-lysosomal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaemin Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
| | - Woong Roeck Won
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
| | - Junseong Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
| | - Taehoon Sim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
| | - Yuseon Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
| | - Jae Chang Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Division of Biotechnology
- The Catholic University of Korea
- Bucheon 14662
- South Korea
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- South Korea
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- South Korea
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9
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Wu H, LeValley PJ, Luo T, Kloxin AM, Kiick KL. Manipulation of Glutathione-Mediated Degradation of Thiol–Maleimide Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3595-3605. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
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10
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Rao NV, Ko H, Lee J, Park JH. Recent Progress and Advances in Stimuli-Responsive Polymers for Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:110. [PMID: 30159310 PMCID: PMC6104418 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The conventional chemotherapeutic agents, used for cancer chemotherapy, have major limitations including non-specificity, ubiquitous biodistribution, low concentration in tumor tissue, and systemic toxicity. In recent years, owing to their unique features, polymeric nanoparticles have been widely used for the target-specific delivery of drugs in the body. Although polymeric nanoparticles have addressed a number of important issues, the bioavailability of drugs at the disease site, and especially upon cellular internalization, remains a challenge. A polymer nanocarrier system with a stimuli-responsive property (e.g., pH, temperature, or redox potential), for example, would be amenable to address the intracellular delivery barriers by taking advantage of pH, temperature, or redox potentials. With a greater understanding of the difference between normal and pathological tissues, there is a highly promising role of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery in the future. In this review, we highlighted the recent advances in different types of stimuli-responsive polymers for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Vijayakameswara Rao
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Ko
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jeongjin Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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11
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Deen GR, Loh XJ. Stimuli-Responsive Cationic Hydrogels in Drug Delivery Applications. Gels 2018; 4:E13. [PMID: 30674789 PMCID: PMC6318685 DOI: 10.3390/gels4010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive, smart, intelligent, or environmentally sensitive polymers respond to changes in external stimuli such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, surfactants, pressure, light, biomolecules, and magnetic field. These materials are developed in various network architectures such as block copolymers, crosslinked hydrogels, nanogels, inter-penetrating networks, and dendrimers. Stimuli-responsive cationic polymers and hydrogels are an interesting class of "smart" materials that respond reversibly to changes in external pH. These materials have the ability to swell extensively in solutions of acidic pH and de-swell or shrink in solutions of alkaline pH. This reversible swelling-shrinking property brought about by changes in external pH conditions makes these materials useful in a wide range of applications such as drug delivery systems and chemical sensors. This article focuses mainly on the properties of these interesting materials and their applications in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Roshan Deen
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Natural Sciences and Science Education AG, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1-Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore.
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 2-Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
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12
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Bazban-Shotorbani S, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Karkhaneh A, Serpooshan V, Jacob KI, Moshaverinia A, Mahmoudi M. Revisiting structure-property relationship of pH-responsive polymers for drug delivery applications. J Control Release 2017; 253:46-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Role of pH-responsiveness in the design of chitosan-based cancer nanotherapeutics: A review. Biointerphases 2016; 11:04B201. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4944661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Palamà IE, D'Amone S, Arcadio V, Biasiucci M, Mezzi A, Cortese B. Cell mechanotactic and cytotoxic response to zinc oxide nanorods depends on substrate stiffness. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:1699-1710. [PMID: 30090469 PMCID: PMC6061493 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00274a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-nanomaterials offer promise in the field of tissue engineering. Specifically, environmental cues such as the material chemistry, topography and rigidity of the surface to which cells adhere to, can alter and dictate cell shape, proliferation, migration, and gene expression. How deeply each factor (topographical, chemical and mechanical) drives cell response remains incompletely understood. To illustrate cell sensitivities to different factors, we herein present ZnO nanorods (ZnO-Nrds) coated on glass and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates and analyzed cell viability and proliferation. The work presented here shows a clear response of various cell lines (mouse embryonic fibroblasts 3T3, human cervix carcinoma HeLa and human osteoblast-like cells MG63) to the rigidity of the underlying surface. The chemical counterpart, given by the presence of ZnO-Nrds, strongly reduced the cell viability of all cell lines. However, the substrate underlying the ZnO coating impacted cell spreading and viability. The substrates exhibited a better ability to neglect cell attachment and proliferation with the ZnO coating and pro-apoptoticity specifically with the PDMS as the underlying substrate which exhibited a "softer" environment with respect to a glass substrate. The results also revealed that the few cells that adhered to the ZnO-Nrds on PDMS and glass showed a rounded morphology. On the basis of these observations, we can correlate common features of phenomenological cell response to chemotactic and durotactic cues. The work presented herein reinforces the response of cells to changes in substrate rigidity. These observations provide a foundation for a potentially promising approach to decrease cell adhesion and thus as an optimal substrate for different applications such as prosthesis design, tissue engineering, anti-bio fouling materials and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- I E Palamà
- Nanotechnology Institute , CNR-NANOTEC , via Arnesano , Lecce , 73100 , Italy
| | - S D'Amone
- Nanotechnology Institute , CNR-NANOTEC , via Arnesano , Lecce , 73100 , Italy
| | - V Arcadio
- Nanotechnology Institute , CNR-NANOTEC , University La Sapienza , P.zle Aldo Moro 2 , 00185 , Roma , Italy .
| | - M Biasiucci
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Regina Elena 291 , 00185 , Roma , Italy
| | - A Mezzi
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials , ISMN-CNR , 00016 Monterotondo Stazione , Roma , Italy
| | - B Cortese
- Nanotechnology Institute , CNR-NANOTEC , University La Sapienza , P.zle Aldo Moro 2 , 00185 , Roma , Italy .
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15
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Ulbrich K, Holá K, Šubr V, Bakandritsos A, Tuček J, Zbořil R. Targeted Drug Delivery with Polymers and Magnetic Nanoparticles: Covalent and Noncovalent Approaches, Release Control, and Clinical Studies. Chem Rev 2016; 116:5338-431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1120] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Ulbrich
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Šubr
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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16
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Karimi M, Ghasemi A, Sahandi Zangabad P, Rahighi R, Moosavi Basri SM, Mirshekari H, Amiri M, Shafaei Pishabad Z, Aslani A, Bozorgomid M, Ghosh D, Beyzavi A, Vaseghi A, Aref AR, Haghani L, Bahrami S, Hamblin MR. Smart micro/nanoparticles in stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery systems. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1457-501. [PMID: 26776487 PMCID: PMC4775468 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00798d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 876] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New achievements in the realm of nanoscience and innovative techniques of nanomedicine have moved micro/nanoparticles (MNPs) to the point of becoming actually useful for practical applications in the near future. Various differences between the extracellular and intracellular environments of cancerous and normal cells and the particular characteristics of tumors such as physicochemical properties, neovasculature, elasticity, surface electrical charge, and pH have motivated the design and fabrication of inventive "smart" MNPs for stimulus-responsive controlled drug release. These novel MNPs can be tailored to be responsive to pH variations, redox potential, enzymatic activation, thermal gradients, magnetic fields, light, and ultrasound (US), or can even be responsive to dual or multi-combinations of different stimuli. This unparalleled capability has increased their importance as site-specific controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) and has encouraged their rapid development in recent years. An in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these DDS approaches is expected to further contribute to this groundbreaking field of nanomedicine. Smart nanocarriers in the form of MNPs that can be triggered by internal or external stimulus are summarized and discussed in the present review, including pH-sensitive peptides and polymers, redox-responsive micelles and nanogels, thermo- or magnetic-responsive nanoparticles (NPs), mechanical- or electrical-responsive MNPs, light or ultrasound-sensitive particles, and multi-responsive MNPs including dual stimuli-sensitive nanosheets of graphene. This review highlights the recent advances of smart MNPs categorized according to their activation stimulus (physical, chemical, or biological) and looks forward to future pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Karimi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11365-9466, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Sahandi Zangabad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11365-9466, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rahighi
- Department of Research and Development, Sharif Ultrahigh Nanotechnologists (SUN) Company, P.O. Box: 13488-96394, Tehran, Iran and Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), West Entrance Blvd., Olympic Village, P.O. Box: 14857-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Masoud Moosavi Basri
- Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran and Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Mirshekari
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, India
| | - M Amiri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11365-9466, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Shafaei Pishabad
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Aslani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11365-9466, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Bozorgomid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Central Branch of Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - D Ghosh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Beyzavi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Vaseghi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technologies of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - A R Aref
- Department of Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - L Haghani
- School of Medicine, International Campus of Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Bahrami
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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17
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Lim EK, Chung BH. Preparation of pyrenyl-based multifunctional nanocomposites for biomedical applications. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:236-51. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Cortese B, D'Amone S, Gigli G, Palamà IE. Sustained anti-BCR-ABL activity with pH responsive imatinib mesylate loaded PCL nanoparticles in CML cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00348a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
IM–chitosan complex encapsulated poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanoparticles are proposed for their potential in enabling more intelligent controlled release and enhancing chemotherapeutic efficiency of IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cortese
- Institute Nanoscience CNR (NNL, CNR-NANO)
- Lecce
- Italy
- Department of Physics
- University Sapienza
| | | | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute Nanoscience CNR (NNL, CNR-NANO)
- Lecce
- Italy
- Dept. Matematica e Fisica ‘Ennio De Giorgi’
- University of Salento
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19
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Zhao Y, Ji T, Wang H, Li S, Zhao Y, Nie G. Self-assembled peptide nanoparticles as tumor microenvironment activatable probes for tumor targeting and imaging. J Control Release 2014; 177:11-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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20
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Liu J, Huang Y, Kumar A, Tan A, Jin S, Mozhi A, Liang XJ. pH-sensitive nano-systems for drug delivery in cancer therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:693-710. [PMID: 24309541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 695] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been widely used in the development of new strategies for drug delivery and cancer therapy. Compared to traditional drug delivery systems, nano-based drug delivery system have greater potential in a variety of areas, such as multiple targeting functionalization, in vivo imaging, combined drug delivery, extended circulation time, and systemic control release. Nano-systems incorporating stimulus-responsive materials have remarkable properties which allow them to bypass biological barriers and achieve targeted intracellular drug delivery. As a result of the active metabolism of tumor cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly acidic compared to normal tissues. pH-Sensitive nano-systems have now been developed in which drug release is specifically triggered by the acidic tumor environment. Studies have demonstrated that novel pH-sensitive drug delivery systems are capable of improving the efficiency of cancer treatment. A number of these have been translated from bench to clinical application and have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of various cancerous diseases. Herein, this review mainly focuses on pH-sensitive nano-systems, including advances in drug delivery, mechanisms of drug release, and possible improvements in drug absorption, with the emphasis on recent research in this field. With deeper understanding of the difference between normal and tumor tissues, it might be possible to design ever more promising pH-responsive nano-systems for drug delivery and cancer therapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuran Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Anil Kumar
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aaron Tan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Shubin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Anbu Mozhi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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21
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Kwak SY, Yang JK, Kim JH, Lee YS. Chemical modulation of bioactive compounds via oligopeptide or amino acid conjugation. Biopolymers 2013; 100:584-91. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Yeong Kwak
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-744 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hanyang University; Ansan 426-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Yang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-744 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hanyang University; Ansan 426-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sik Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-744 Republic of Korea
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22
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Lim EK, Sajomsang W, Choi Y, Jang E, Lee H, Kang B, Kim E, Haam S, Suh JS, Chung SJ, Huh YM. Chitosan-based intelligent theragnosis nanocomposites enable pH-sensitive drug release with MR-guided imaging for cancer therapy. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:467. [PMID: 24206754 PMCID: PMC4226245 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Smart drug delivery systems that are triggered by environmental conditions have been developed to enhance cancer therapeutic efficacy while limiting unwanted effects. Because cancer exhibits abnormally high local acidities compared to normal tissues (pH 7.4) due to Warburg effects, pH-sensitive systems have been researched for effective cancer therapy. Chitosan-based intelligent theragnosis nanocomposites, N-naphthyl-O-dimethymaleoyl chitosan-based drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles (NChitosan-DMNPs), were developed in this study. NChitosan-DMNPs are capable of pH-sensitive drug release with MR-guided images because doxorubicin (DOX) and magnetic nanocrystals (MNCs) are encapsulated into the designed N-naphthyl-O-dimethymaleoyl chitosan (N-nap-O-MalCS). This system exhibits rapid DOX release as acidity increases, high stability under high pH conditions, and sufficient capacity for diagnosing and monitoring therapeutic responses. These results demonstrate that NChitosan-DMNPs have potential as theragnosis nanocomposites for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Lim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Warayuth Sajomsang
- Nanodelivery System Laboratory (NDS), National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- BioNanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Choi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Eunji Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Hwunjae Lee
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Byunghoon Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Jin-Suck Suh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Sang Jeon Chung
- BioNanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, South Korea
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
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23
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Alexander-Bryant AA, Vanden Berg-Foels WS, Wen X. Bioengineering strategies for designing targeted cancer therapies. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 118:1-59. [PMID: 23768509 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407173-5.00002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The goals of bioengineering strategies for targeted cancer therapies are (1) to deliver a high dose of an anticancer drug directly to a cancer tumor, (2) to enhance drug uptake by malignant cells, and (3) to minimize drug uptake by nonmalignant cells. Effective cancer-targeting therapies will require both passive- and active-targeting strategies and a thorough understanding of physiologic barriers to targeted drug delivery. Designing a targeted therapy includes the selection and optimization of a nanoparticle delivery vehicle for passive accumulation in tumors, a targeting moiety for active receptor-mediated uptake, and stimuli-responsive polymers for control of drug release. The future direction of cancer targeting is a combinatorial approach, in which targeting therapies are designed to use multiple-targeting strategies. The combinatorial approach will enable combination therapy for delivery of multiple drugs and dual ligand targeting to improve targeting specificity. Targeted cancer treatments in development and the new combinatorial approaches show promise for improving targeted anticancer drug delivery and improving treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Alexander-Bryant
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Craniofacial Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Wendy S Vanden Berg-Foels
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Craniofacial Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Xuejun Wen
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Craniofacial Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nanotechnology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Li X, Li H, Yi W, Chen J, Liang B. Acid-triggered core cross-linked nanomicelles for targeted drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging in liver cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:3019-31. [PMID: 23976852 PMCID: PMC3746790 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s45767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To research the acid-triggered core cross-linked folate-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly[N-(N′,N′-diisopropylaminoethyl) glutamine] (folated-PEG-P[GA-DIP]) amphiphilic block copolymer for targeted drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in liver cancer cells. Methods As an appropriate receptor of protons, the N,N-diisopropyl tertiary amine group (DIP) was chosen to conjugate with the side carboxyl groups of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly (L-glutamic acid) to obtain PEG-P(GA-DIP) amphiphilic block copolymers. By ultrasonic emulsification, PEG-P(GA-DIP) could be self-assembled to form nanosized micelles loading doxorubicin (DOX) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in aqueous solution. When PEG-P(GA-DIP) nanomicelles were combined with folic acid, the targeted effect of folated-PEG-P(GA-DIP) nanomicelles was evident in the fluorescence and MRI results. Results To further increase the loading efficiency and the cell-uptake of encapsulated drugs (DOX and SPIONs), DIP (pKa≈6.3) groups were linked with ~50% of the side carboxyl groups of poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA), to generate the core cross-linking under neutral or weakly acidic conditions. Under the acidic condition (eg, endosome/lysosome), the carboxyl groups were neutralized to facilitate disassembly of the P(GA-DIP) blocks’ cross-linking, for duly accelerating the encapsulated drug release. Combined with the tumor-targeting effect of folic acid, specific drug delivery to the liver cancer cells and MRI diagnosis of these cells were greatly enhanced. Conclusion Acid-triggered and folate-decorated nanomicelles encapsulating SPIONs and DOX, facilitate the targeted MRI diagnosis and therapeutic effects in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- Radiology Department, The Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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25
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Nano-engineering of 5-fluorouracil-loaded magnetoliposomes for combined hyperthermia and chemotherapy against colon cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 85:329-38. [PMID: 23485475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to develop magnetoliposome nanoparticles loaded with 5-fluorouracil by following a reproducible thin film hydration technique. The physicochemical characterization (including electron microscopy analysis, dynamic light scattering, infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, electrophoresis, and surface thermodynamics) suggested that superparamagnetic magnetite nuclei were successfully embedded into a multilamellar lipid vesicle. Magnetic responsiveness of these nanocomposites was quantitatively analyzed by determining the hysteresis cycle and qualitatively confirmed by microscopic visualizations. A high frequency alternating electromagnetic field was further used to define their heating properties. The absence of cytotoxicity in human colon fibroblast CCD-18 and in human colon carcinoma T-84 cell lines and excellent hemocompatibility of these core/shell particles were demonstrated. Additionally, 5-fluorouracil incorporation was investigated by two procedures: (i) entrapment into the nanoparticulate matrix and (ii) surface deposition onto already formed magnetoliposome particles. The former method reported greater drug loading values and a sustained release profile. Interestingly, 5-fluorouracil release was also triggered by the heating properties of the nanoparticles (hyperthermia-triggered drug release). Hence, we put forward that magnetoliposome particles hold important properties, that is, magnetically targeted delivery, hyperthermia inducing capability, high 5-fluorouracil loading capability, and hyperthermia-triggered burst drug release, suggestive of their potential for a combined antitumor therapy against colon cancer.
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Honglawan A, Ni H, Weissman D, Yang S. Synthesis of random copolymer based pH-responsive nanoparticles as drug carriers for cancer therapeutics. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00390f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Panariti A, Miserocchi G, Rivolta I. The effect of nanoparticle uptake on cellular behavior: disrupting or enabling functions? Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2012; 5:87-100. [PMID: 24198499 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s25515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are materials with overall dimensions in the nanoscale range. They have unique physicochemical properties, and have emerged as important players in current research in modern medicine. In the last few decades, several types of NPs and microparticles have been synthesized and proposed for use as contrast agents for diagnostics and imaging and for drug delivery; for example, in cancer therapy. Yet specific targeting that will improve their delivery still represents an unsolved challenge. The mechanism by which NPs enter the cell has important implications not only for their fate but also for their impact on biological systems. Several papers in the literature discuss the potential risks related to NP exposure, and more recently the concept that even sublethal doses of NPs may elicit a cell response has been proposed. In this review, we intend to present an overall view of cell mechanisms that may be perturbed by cell-NP interaction. Published data, in fact, emphasize that NPs should no longer be viewed only as simple carriers for biomedical applications, but that they can also play an active role in mediating biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Panariti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Cabane E, Zhang X, Langowska K, Palivan CG, Meier W. Stimuli-responsive polymers and their applications in nanomedicine. Biointerphases 2012; 7:9. [PMID: 22589052 DOI: 10.1007/s13758-011-0009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on smart nano-materials built of stimuli-responsive (SR) polymers and will discuss their numerous applications in the biomedical field. The authors will first provide an overview of different stimuli and their corresponding, responsive polymers. By introducing myriad functionalities, SR polymers present a wide range of possibilities in the design of stimuli-responsive devices, making use of virtually all types of polymer constructs, from self-assembled structures (micelles, vesicles) to surfaces (polymer brushes, films) as described in the second section of the review. In the last section of this review the authors report on some of the most promising applications of stimuli-responsive polymers in nanomedicine. In particular, we will discuss applications pertaining to diagnosis, where SR polymers are used to construct sensors capable of selective recognition and quantification of analytes and physical variables, as well as imaging devices. We will also highlight some examples of responsive systems used for therapeutic applications, including smart drug delivery systems (micelles, vesicles, dendrimers...) and surfaces for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Cabane
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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29
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Orbán E, Manea M, Marquadt A, Bánóczi Z, Csík G, Fellinger E, Bosze S, Hudecz F. A new daunomycin-peptide conjugate: synthesis, characterization and the effect on the protein expression profile of HL-60 cells in vitro. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:2154-65. [PMID: 21950465 DOI: 10.1021/bc2004236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Daunomycin (Dau) is a DNA-binding antineoplastic agent in the treatment of various types of cancer, such as osteosarcomas and acute myeloid leukemia. One approach to improve its selectivity and to decrease the side effects is the conjugation of Dau with oligopeptide carriers, which might alter the drug uptake and intracellular fate. Here, we report on the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological properties of a novel conjugate in which Dau is attached, via an oxime bond, to one of the cancer specific small peptides (LTVSPWY) selected from a random phage peptide library. The in vitro cytostatic effect and cellular uptake of Dau═Aoa-LTVSPWY-NH(2) conjugate were studied on various human cancer cell lines expressing different levels of ErbB2 receptor which could be targeted by the peptide. We found that the new daunomycin-peptide conjugate is highly cytostatic and could be taken up efficiently by the human cancer cells studied. However, the conjugate was less effective than the free drug itself. RP-HPLC data indicate that the conjugate is stable at least for 24 h in the pH 2.5-7.0 range of buffers, as well as in cell culture medium. The conjugate in the presence of rat liver lysosomal homogenate, as indicated by LC-MS analysis, could be degraded. The smallest, Dau-containing metabolite (Dau═Aoa-Leu-OH) identified and prepared expresses DNA-binding ability. In order to get insight on the potential mechanism of action, we compared the protein expression profile of HL-60 human leukemia cells after treatment with the free and peptide conjugated daunomycin. Proteomic analysis suggests that the expression of several proteins has been altered. This includes three proteins, whose expression was lower (tubulin β chain) or markedly higher (proliferating cell nuclear antigen and protein kinase C inhibitor protein 1) after administration of cells with Dau-conjugate vs free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Orbán
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Expert opinion: Responsive polymer nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 80:241-6. [PMID: 21888972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles are emerging as an attractive treatment options for cancer due to their favorable size distribution, drug carrying capacity, and tunable properties. In particular, intelligent nanoparticles that respond to biological cues are of interest because of their ability to provide controlled release at a specific site. Tumor sites display abnormal pH profiles and pathophysiology that can be exploited to provide localized release. In this expert opinion, we discuss passive and active targeting of nanoparticles and several classes of pH-responsive nanoparticles.
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Gou M, Shi H, Guo G, Men K, Zhang J, Zheng L, Li Z, Luo F, Qian Z, Zhao X, Wei Y. Improving anticancer activity and reducing systemic toxicity of doxorubicin by self-assembled polymeric micelles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:095102. [PMID: 21270494 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/9/095102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to improve anticancer activity and reduce systemic toxicity of doxorubicin (Dox), we encapsulated Dox in monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) micelles by a novel self-assembly procedure without using surfactants, organic solvents or vigorous stirring. These Dox encapsulated MPEG-PCL (Dox/MPEG-PCL) micelles with drug loading of 4.2% were monodisperse and ∼ 20 nm in diameter. The Dox can be released from the Dox/MPEG-PCL micelles; the Dox-release at pH 5.5 was faster than that at pH 7.0. Encapsulation of Dox in MPEG-PCL micelles enhanced the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of Dox on the C-26 colon carcinoma cell in vitro, and slowed the extravasation of Dox in the transgenic zebrafish model. Compared to free Dox, Dox/MPEG-PCL micelles were more effective in inhibiting tumor growth in the subcutaneous C-26 colon carcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma models, and prolonging survival of mice bearing these tumors. Dox/MPEG-PCL micelles also induced lower systemic toxicity than free Dox. In conclusion, incorporation of Dox in MPEG-PCL micelles enhanced the anticancer activity and decreased the systemic toxicity of Dox; these Dox/MPEG-PCL micelles are an interesting formulation of Dox and may have potential clinical applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaLing Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Dadsetan M, Liu Z, Pumberger M, Giraldo CV, Ruesink T, Lu L, Yaszemski MJ. A stimuli-responsive hydrogel for doxorubicin delivery. Biomaterials 2010; 31:8051-62. [PMID: 20696470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to develop a polymeric carrier for delivery of anti-tumor drugs and sustained release of these agents in order to optimize anti-tumor activity while minimizing systemic effects. We used oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) hydrogels modified with small negatively charged molecules, sodium methacrylate (SMA), for delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). SMA at different concentrations was incorporated into the OPF hydrogel with a photo-crosslinking method. The resulting hydrogels exhibited sensitivity to the pH and ionic strength of the surrounding environment. Our results revealed that DOX was bound to the negatively charged hydrogel through electrostatic interaction and was released in a timely fashion with an ion-exchange mechanism. Release kinetics of DOX was directly correlated to the concentration of SMA in the hydrogel formulations. Anti-tumor activity of the released DOX was assessed using a human osteosarcoma cell line. Our data revealed that DOX released from the modified, charged hydrogels remained biologically active and had the capability to kill cancer cells. In contrast, control groups of unmodified OPF hydrogels with or without DOX did not exhibit any cytotoxicity. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using SMA-modified OPF hydrogels as a potential carrier for chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Dandekar P, Dhumal R, Jain R, Tiwari D, Vanage G, Patravale V. Toxicological evaluation of pH-sensitive nanoparticles of curcumin: Acute, sub-acute and genotoxicity studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:2073-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prakash J, Beljaars L, Harapanahalli AK, Zeinstra-Smith M, de Jager-Krikken A, Hessing M, Steen H, Poelstra K. Tumor-targeted intracellular delivery of anticancer drugs through the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:1966-1981. [PMID: 19795464 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-targeting of anticancer drugs is an interesting approach for the treatment of cancer since chemotherapies possess several adverse effects. In the present study, we propose a novel strategy to deliver anticancer drugs to the tumor cells through the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor receptor (M6P/IGF-IIR) which are abundantly expressed in several human tumors. We developed a drug carrier against M6P/IGF-II receptor by modifying human serum albumin (HSA) with M6P moieties. M6P-HSA specifically bound and internalized into M6P/IGF-IIR-expressing B16 melanoma cells as demonstrated with radioactive studies and anti-HSA immunostaining. In vivo, M6P-HSA rapidly accumulated in subcutaneous tumors in tumor and stromal components after an intravenous injection. To demonstrate the application of M6P-HSA as a drug carrier, we coupled doxorubicin to it. Dox-HSA-M6P conjugate could release doxorubicin at lysosomal pH and showed M6P-specific binding and uptake in tumor cells. In vitro, a short exposure with Dox-HSA-M6P induced killing of tumor cells, which could be blocked by excess M6P-HSA. In vivo, Dox-HSA-M6P distributed to tumors and some other organs while free doxorubicin distributed to all organs but slightly to tumors. In B16 tumor-bearing mice, Dox-HSA-M6P significantly inhibited the tumor growth whereas an equimolar dose of free doxorubicin did not show any anti-tumor effect. In addition, targeted doxorubicin did not show any side-effects on liver and kidney function tests, body weight and blood cell counts. In conclusion, M6P-HSA is a suitable carrier for delivery of anticancer drugs to tumors through M6P/IGF-IIR. Improved antitumor effects of the targeted doxorubicin by M6P-HSA suggest that this novel approach may be applied to improve the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Prakash
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,BiOrion Technologies BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Beljaars
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Akshay K Harapanahalli
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke Zeinstra-Smith
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,BiOrion Technologies BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alie de Jager-Krikken
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Herman Steen
- BiOrion Technologies BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Poelstra
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,BiOrion Technologies BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Miklán Z, Orbán E, Csík G, Schlosser G, Magyar A, Hudecz F. New daunomycin-oligoarginine conjugates: synthesis, characterization, and effect on human leukemia and human hepatoma cells. Biopolymers 2010; 92:489-501. [PMID: 19521976 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the synthesis, a novel chromatographic procedure and characteristics of a new class of daunomycin (Dau)-oligoarginine conjugates are described. In these compounds oligoarginine with 6 or 8 residues (Arg(n), n = 6, 8) is attached to Dau by different covalent bond: squaric amide (Dau- square-Arg(n)), oxime (Dau=N-O-CH2-CO-Arg(n)), or hydrazone (H-Glu(Arg(n))-NH-N=Dau). Conjugates were characterized by RP-HPLC and mass spectrometry. We report also on our findings concerning chemical and biological properties of Dau-conjugates as a function of covalent linkage, site of conjugation and length of the oligoarginine moiety. Stability, fluorescent properties as well as cytostatic effect and cellular uptake of these compounds were studied. Dau-conjugates with squaric amide or oxime linkage were stable, but continuous release of free Dau was observed from the hydrazone conjugate in solution. We found that some spectral characteristics (e.g., the amplitude of the emission spectrum) of conjugates could be sensitive for the site of coupling (amino vs. oxo function). Cytostasis and cellular uptake of conjugates were investigated both on human leukemia (HL-60) and human hepatoma (HepG2) cell lines by MTT assay and flow cytometry We found that cytostatic effect and uptake properties of Dau-conjugates were dependent on the acid stability of the linkage (hydrazone vs. oxime/amide) applied and more markedly on the cell line studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Miklán
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Zhao MD, Hu FQ, Du YZ, Yuan H, Chen FY, Lou YM, Yu HY. Coadministration of glycolipid-like micelles loading cytotoxic drug with different action site for efficient cancer chemotherapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:055102. [PMID: 19417333 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/5/055102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the side effects and drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy, we have examined the in vitro efficacy of the combination of paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) loaded in nanosized polymeric micelles with glycolipid-like structure, which formed by lipid grafted chitosan. The cytotoxicities of PTX and DOX, either as single agents or in combination, were examined using drug sensitive tumor cells and drug resistant cells. It was found that the 50% inhibition of cellular growth (IC(50)) of PTX and DOX in micelles against drug sensitive cells was lowered about 20-fold and 4-7-fold compared to that of Taxol and DOX solution, respectively. The IC(50) of PTX and DOX in micelles against drug resistant cells was lowered more significantly, and no clear difference was found between drug sensitive and drug resistant cells. The coadministration of PTX and DOX in micelles showed a more conspicuous effect than that of micelles loaded with a single drug. The micelles presented excellent internalization to cancer cells, which results in increased intracellular accumulation of PTX and DOX in its molecular-target site. The coadministration of glycolipid-like micelles loaded with different cytotoxic drugs indicated synergistic effects for drug sensitive cells and drug resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Dan Zhao
- Women Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Sao K, Murata M, Umezaki K, Fujisaki Y, Mori T, Niidome T, Katayama Y, Hashizume M. Molecular design of protein-based nanocapsules for stimulus-responsive characteristics. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:85-93. [PMID: 19041251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hsp16.5, a small heat-shock protein (sHSP) from hyperthermophilic archaeon, forms a homogeneous complex comprised of 24 subunits with a molecular mass of 400 kDa. This complex self-organizes under physiological conditions, and the structure of the complex is a nanoscale spherical capsule with small pores. Furthermore, this natural nanocapsule exhibits very high thermal stability. In this paper, we functionalized the nanocapsule to control the structure in response to external stimuli such as a protease signal and temperature. For this purpose, several mutations (Mut1-10) to create a cleavage site for a specific protease, Factor Xa, were introduced on the outer surface of the nanocapsule using a genetic engineering strategy. The resulting mutants were expressed to high levels in Escherichia coli. One of these mutants, Mut6, which has the most accessible cleavage site located at the triangular pore on the surface of the capsule, formed a spherical assembly similar to that observed for the wild-type protein. Mut6 showed the highest sensitivity to Factor Xa, and the structure of the protease digested Mut6 disassembled irreversibly after heating. In contrast, the nanocapsule comprising the wild-type Hsp16.5 was not influenced by the dual stimuli. These results suggest that Mut6 acts as a stimulus-responsive nanocapsule. Such a characteristic of the protein-based nanocapsule has attractive potential as a versatile intelligent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Sao
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Ganta S, Devalapally H, Shahiwala A, Amiji M. A review of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery. J Control Release 2008; 126:187-204. [PMID: 18261822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1533] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has shown tremendous promise in target-specific delivery of drugs and genes in the body. Although passive and active targeted-drug delivery has addressed a number of important issues, additional properties that can be included in nanocarrier systems to enhance the bioavailability of drugs at the disease site, and especially upon cellular internalization, are very important. A nanocarrier system incorporated with stimuli-responsive property (e.g., pH, temperature, or redox potential), for instance, would be amenable to address some of the systemic and intracellular delivery barriers. In this review, we discuss the role of stimuli-responsive nanocarrier systems for drug and gene delivery. The advancement in material science has led to design of a variety of materials, which are used for development of nanocarrier systems that can respond to biological stimuli. Temperature, pH, and hypoxia are examples of "triggers" at the diseased site that could be exploited with stimuli-responsive nanocarriers. With greater understanding of the difference between normal and pathological tissues and cells and parallel developments in material design, there is a highly promising role of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Ganta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, 110 Mugar Life Sciences Building, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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Lai PS, Lou PJ, Peng CL, Pai CL, Yen WN, Huang MY, Young TH, Shieh MJ. Doxorubicin delivery by polyamidoamine dendrimer conjugation and photochemical internalization for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2007; 122:39-46. [PMID: 17628166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coupling anticancer drugs to synthetic polymers is a promising approach to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects of these drugs. The pH-activated polymer has been demonstrated to be a successful drug delivery vehicle system, whereas the photochemical internalization (PCI) was invented for site-specific delivery of membrane impermeable macromolecules from endocytic vesicles into the cytosol. In this study, doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated to polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers via pH-sensitive and -insensitive linkers and was combined with different PCI strategies to evaluate the cytotoxic effects. Our results showed that both PCI strategies significantly improved the cytotoxicity of free DOX on Ca9-22 cells at higher concentrations. The 'light after' PCI treatment was efficient in releasing DOX from the PAMAM-hyd-DOX conjugates, resulted in more nuclear accumulation of DOX and more cell death through synergistic effects. On the other hand, antagonism was observed when 'light before' PCI combined with PAMAM-hyd-DOX conjugate. The distribution of PAMAM-amide-DOX was mainly cytosolic with or without PCI treatments. Both PCI strategies failed to improve the cytotoxicity of PAMAM-amide-DOX conjugates. Our results provide invaluable information in the future design of drug-polymer complexes for multi-modality cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Xu P, Van Kirk EA, Murdoch WJ, Zhan Y, Isaak DD, Radosz M, Shen Y. Anticancer efficacies of cisplatin-releasing pH-responsive nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2006; 7:829-35. [PMID: 16529420 PMCID: PMC2533846 DOI: 10.1021/bm050902y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of these investigations was to test the hypothesis that a rapid cytoplasmic release profile from nanoparticles would potentiate the anticancer activity of cisplatin. Cisplatin-loaded nanoparticles with pH-responsive poly[2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEA) cores were synthesized from PDEA-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PDEA-PEG) copolymer by using a solvent-displacement (acetone-water) method. Nanoparticles with pH-nonresponsive poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) cores made from PCL-block-PEG (PCL-PEG) were used for comparison. Nanoparticle sizes, zeta potentials, drug-loading capacities, and pH responsiveness were characterized. The cellular uptakes and localization in lysosomes were visualized by using confocal fluorescence microscopy. Cytostatic effects of free and encapsulated cis-diammineplatinum(II) dichloride (cisplatin) toward human SKOV-3 epithelial ovarian cancer cells were estimated by using the MTT assay. Intraperitoneal tumor responses to cisplatin and cisplatin/PDEA-PEG were evaluated in athymic mice at 4-6 weeks postinoculation of SKOV-3 cells. PDEA-PEG nanoparticles dissolved at pH < 6 and rapidly internalized and transferred to lysosomes; it therefore was predicted that the PDEA nanoparticles would rapidly release cisplatin into cytoplasm upon integration into acidic lysosomes and thereby overwhelm the chemoresistant properties of SKOV-3 cells. Indeed, relative proportions of viable cells were diminished to a greater extent by exposure in vitro to fast-releasing nanoparticles compared to slow-releasing nanoparticles or an equivalent dose of free cisplatin. Incidences of cellular pyknosis (a morphological indicator of apoptosis) were most evident within intestinal/mesentery tumors of mice treated with cisplatin/PDEA-PEG; tumor burdens were correspondingly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisheng Xu
- Soft Materials Laboratory and Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
| | | | - William J. Murdoch
- Department of Animal Science & Reproductive Biology Program and
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. (E-mail: or )
| | - Yihong Zhan
- Soft Materials Laboratory and Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
| | - Dale D. Isaak
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Maciej Radosz
- Soft Materials Laboratory and Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
| | - Youqing Shen
- Soft Materials Laboratory and Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. (E-mail: or )
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