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Xiong D, Yang J, Li D, Wang J. Exploration of Key Immune-Related Transcriptomes Associated with Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Breast Cancer. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023; 23:329-348. [PMID: 37684436 PMCID: PMC10514147 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on a few studies, heart failure patients with breast cancer were assessed to find potential biomarkers for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. However, key immune-related transcriptional markers linked to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients have not been thoroughly investigated. We used GSE40447, GSE76314, and TCGA BRCA cohorts to perform this study. Then, we performed various bioinformatics approaches to identify the key immune-related transcriptional markers and their association with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer. We found 255 upregulated genes and 286 downregulated genes in patients with doxorubicin-induced heart failure in breast cancer. We discovered that in patients with breast cancer comorbidity doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, the 58 immunological genes are elevated (such as CPA3, VSIG4, GATA2, RFX2, IL3RA, and LRP1), and the 60 genes are significantly suppressed (such as MS4A1, FCRL1, CD200, FCRLA, FCRL2, and CD79A). Furthermore, we revealed that the immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are substantially associated with the enrichment of KEGG pathways, including B-cell receptor signaling pathway, primary immunodeficiency, chemokine signaling pathway, hematopoietic cell lineage, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, focal adhesion, dilated cardiomyopathy, cell adhesion molecule, etc. Moreover, we discovered that the doxorubicin-induced immune-related genes are crucially involved in the protein-protein interaction and gene clusters. The immune-related genes, including IFIT5, XCL1, SPIB, BTLA, MS4A1, CD19, TCL1A, CD83, CD200, FCRLA, CD79A, BIRC3, and IGF2R are significantly associated with a poor survival prognosis of breast cancer patients and showed diagnostic efficacy in patients with breast cancer and heart failure. Molecular docking revealed that the survival-associated genes interact with the doxorubicin with appreciable binding affinity. Finally, we validated the expression level of immune-related genes in breast cancer patients-derived cardiomyocytes with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and found that the level of RAD9A, HSPA1B, GATA2, IGF2R, CD200, ERCC8, and BCL11A genes are consistently dysregulated. Our findings offered a basis for understanding the mechanism and pathogenesis of the cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin in breast cancer patients and predicted the interaction of immune-related potential biomarkers with doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiqin Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Dongfeng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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2
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Rezaee M, Mohammadi F, Keshavarzmotamed A, Yahyazadeh S, Vakili O, Milasi YE, Veisi V, Dehmordi RM, Asadi S, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Rostami M, Alimohammadi M, Azadi A, Moussavi N, Asemi Z, Aminianfar A, Mirzaei H, Mafi A. The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1152672. [PMID: 37153758 PMCID: PMC10154547 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1152672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Like many other cancers, BC therapy is challenging and sometimes frustrating. In spite of the various therapeutic modalities applied to treat the cancer, drug resistance, also known as, chemoresistance, is very common in almost all BCs. Undesirably, a breast tumor might be resistant to different curative approaches (e.g., chemo- and immunotherapy) at the same period of time. Exosomes, as double membrane-bound extracellular vesicles 1) secreted from different cell species, can considerably transfer cell products and components through the bloodstream. In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are a chief group of exosomal constituents with amazing abilities to regulate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of BC, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, migration, and particularly drug resistance. Thereby, exosomal ncRNAs can be considered potential mediators of BC progression and drug resistance. Moreover, as the corresponding exosomal ncRNAs circulate in the bloodstream and are found in different body fluids, they can serve as foremost prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers. The current study aims to comprehensively review the most recent findings on BC-related molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways affected by exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, with a focus on drug resistance. Also, the potential of the same exosomal ncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of BC will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sheida Yahyazadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yaser Eshaghi Milasi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vida Veisi
- School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Asadi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Ghorbanhosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rostami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mina Alimohammadi, ; Abbas Azadi, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ; Alireza Mafi,
| | - Abbas Azadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mina Alimohammadi, ; Abbas Azadi, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ; Alireza Mafi,
| | - Nushin Moussavi
- Department of Surgery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aminianfar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mina Alimohammadi, ; Abbas Azadi, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ; Alireza Mafi,
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mina Alimohammadi, ; Abbas Azadi, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ; Alireza Mafi,
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3
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Wei Y, Xiang H, Zhang W. Review of various NAMPT inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970553. [PMID: 36160449 PMCID: PMC9490061 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway of mammalian cells and is overexpressed in numerous types of cancers. These include breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, and b-cell lymphoma. NAMPT is also known to impact the NAD and NADPH pool. Research has demonstrated that NAMPT can be inhibited. NAMPT inhibitors are diverse anticancer medicines with significant anti-tumor efficacy in ex vivo tumor models. A few notable NAMPT specific inhibitors which have been produced include FK866, CHS828, and OT-82. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence of the potential utility of NAMPT inhibitors in cancer models, early clinical trials have yielded only modest results, necessitating the adaptation of additional tactics to boost efficacy. This paper examines a number of cancer treatment methods which target NAMPT, including the usage of individual inhibitors, pharmacological combinations, dual inhibitors, and ADCs, all of which have demonstrated promising experimental or clinical results. We intend to contribute further ideas regarding the usage and development of NAMPT inhibitors in clinical therapy to advance the field of research on this intriguing target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wei
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haotian Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenqiu Zhang,
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NAD/NAMPT and mTOR Pathways in Melanoma: Drivers of Drug Resistance and Prospective Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179985. [PMID: 36077374 PMCID: PMC9456568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma represents the most fatal skin cancer due to its aggressive behavior and high metastatic potential. The introduction of BRAF/MEK inhibitors and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the clinic has dramatically improved patient survival over the last decade. However, many patients either display primary (i.e., innate) or develop secondary (i.e., acquired) resistance to systemic treatments. Therapeutic resistance relies on the rewiring of multiple processes, including cancer metabolism, epigenetics, gene expression, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment that are only partially understood. Therefore, reliable biomarkers of resistance or response, capable of facilitating the choice of the best treatment option for each patient, are currently missing. Recently, activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism and, in particular, of its rate-limiting enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) have been identified as key drivers of targeted therapy resistance and melanoma progression. Another major player in this context is the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which plays key roles in the regulation of melanoma cell anabolic functions and energy metabolism at the switch between sensitivity and resistance to targeted therapy. In this review, we summarize known resistance mechanisms to ICIs and targeted therapy, focusing on metabolic adaptation as one main mechanism of drug resistance. In particular, we highlight the roles of NAD/NAMPT and mTOR signaling axes in this context and overview data in support of their inhibition as a promising strategy to overcome treatment resistance.
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Ogunleye AZ, Piyawajanusorn C, Gonçalves A, Ghislat G, Ballester PJ. Interpretable Machine Learning Models to Predict the Resistance of Breast Cancer Patients to Doxorubicin from Their microRNA Profiles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201501. [PMID: 35785523 PMCID: PMC9403644 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a common treatment for breast cancer. However, not all patients respond to this drug, which sometimes causes life-threatening side effects. Accurately anticipating doxorubicin-resistant patients would therefore permit to spare them this risk while considering alternative treatments without delay. Stratifying patients based on molecular markers in their pretreatment tumors is a promising approach to advance toward this ambitious goal, but single-gene gene markers such as HER2 expression have not shown to be sufficiently predictive. The recent availability of matched doxorubicin-response and diverse molecular profiles across breast cancer patients permits now analysis at a much larger scale. 16 machine learning algorithms and 8 molecular profiles are systematically evaluated on the same cohort of patients. Only 2 of the 128 resulting models are substantially predictive, showing that they can be easily missed by a standard-scale analysis. The best model is classification and regression tree (CART) nonlinearly combining 4 selected miRNA isoforms to predict doxorubicin response (median Matthew correlation coefficient (MCC) and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.56 and 0.80, respectively). By contrast, HER2 expression is significantly less predictive (median MCC and AUC of 0.14 and 0.57, respectively). As the predictive accuracy of this CART model increases with larger training sets, its update with future data should result in even better accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeolu Z. Ogunleye
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)INSERM U1068MarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Institut Paoli‐CalmettesMarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Aix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleF‐13284France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)CNRS UMR7258MarseilleF‐13009France
| | - Chayanit Piyawajanusorn
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)INSERM U1068MarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Institut Paoli‐CalmettesMarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Aix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleF‐13284France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)CNRS UMR7258MarseilleF‐13009France
| | - Anthony Gonçalves
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)INSERM U1068MarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Institut Paoli‐CalmettesMarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Aix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleF‐13284France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)CNRS UMR7258MarseilleF‐13009France
| | - Ghita Ghislat
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)INSERM U1068MarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Institut Paoli‐CalmettesMarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Aix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleF‐13284France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)CNRS UMR7258MarseilleF‐13009France
| | - Pedro J. Ballester
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)INSERM U1068MarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Institut Paoli‐CalmettesMarseilleF‐13009France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)Aix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleF‐13284France
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM)CNRS UMR7258MarseilleF‐13009France
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
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6
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Wong CJK, Tai YK, Yap JLY, Fong CHH, Loo LSW, Kukumberg M, Fröhlich J, Zhang S, Li JZ, Wang JW, Rufaihah AJ, Franco-Obregón A. Brief exposure to directionally-specific pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulates extracellular vesicle release and is antagonized by streptomycin: A potential regenerative medicine and food industry paradigm. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121658. [PMID: 35841726 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been shown to promote in vitro and in vivo myogeneses via mitohormetic survival adaptations of which secretome activation is a key component. A single 10-min exposure of donor myoblast cultures to 1.5 mT amplitude PEMFs produced a conditioned media (pCM) capable of enhancing the myogenesis of recipient cultures to a similar degree as direct magnetic exposure. Downwardly-directed magnetic fields produced greater secretome responses than upwardly-directed fields in adherent and fluid-suspended myoblasts. The suspension paradigm allowed for the rapid concentrating of secreted factors, particularly of extracellular vesicles. The brief conditioning of basal media from magnetically-stimulated myoblasts was capable of conferring myoblast survival to a greater degree than basal media supplemented with fetal bovine serum (5%). Downward-directed magnetic fields, applied directly to cells or in the form of pCM, upregulated the protein expression of TRPC channels, markers for cell cycle progression and myogenesis. Direct magnetic exposure produced mild oxidative stress, whereas pCM provision did not, providing a survival advantage on recipient cells. Streptomycin, a TRP channel antagonist, precluded the production of a myogenic pCM. We present a methodology employing a brief and non-invasive PEMF-exposure paradigm to effectively stimulate secretome production and release for commercial or clinical exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Jun Kit Wong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Yee Kit Tai
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Jasmine Lye Yee Yap
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Charlene Hui Hua Fong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Larry Sai Weng Loo
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, A*STAR, The Nanos, #06-01, 31 Biopolis Way, 138669, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Marek Kukumberg
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Jürg Fröhlich
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Fields at Work GmbH, Zurich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Sitong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Ze Li
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117593, Singapore; Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Abdul Jalil Rufaihah
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; School of Applied Sciences, Temasek Polytechnic, 529757, Singapore
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117593, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore; Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
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7
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Law AMK, Chen J, Colino‐Sanguino Y, de la Fuente LR, Fang G, Grimes SM, Lu H, Huang RJ, Boyle ST, Venhuizen J, Castillo L, Tavakoli J, Skhinas JN, Millar EKA, Beretov J, Rossello FJ, Tipper JL, Ormandy CJ, Samuel MS, Cox TR, Martelotto L, Jin D, Valdes‐Mora F, Ji HP, Gallego‐Ortega D. ALTEN: A High-Fidelity Primary Tissue-Engineering Platform to Assess Cellular Responses Ex Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103332. [PMID: 35611998 PMCID: PMC9313544 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To fully investigate cellular responses to stimuli and perturbations within tissues, it is essential to replicate the complex molecular interactions within the local microenvironment of cellular niches. Here, the authors introduce Alginate-based tissue engineering (ALTEN), a biomimetic tissue platform that allows ex vivo analysis of explanted tissue biopsies. This method preserves the original characteristics of the source tissue's cellular milieu, allowing multiple and diverse cell types to be maintained over an extended period of time. As a result, ALTEN enables rapid and faithful characterization of perturbations across specific cell types within a tissue. Importantly, using single-cell genomics, this approach provides integrated cellular responses at the resolution of individual cells. ALTEN is a powerful tool for the analysis of cellular responses upon exposure to cytotoxic agents and immunomodulators. Additionally, ALTEN's scalability using automated microfluidic devices for tissue encapsulation and subsequent transport, to enable centralized high-throughput analysis of samples gathered by large-scale multicenter studies, is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. K. Law
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Division of OncologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - Yolanda Colino‐Sanguino
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics LaboratoryChildren's Cancer InstituteRandwickNSW2052Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Laura Rodriguez de la Fuente
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics LaboratoryChildren's Cancer InstituteRandwickNSW2052Australia
| | - Guocheng Fang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Susan M. Grimes
- Division of OncologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Robert J. Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - Sarah T. Boyle
- Centre for Cancer BiologySA Pathology and University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5000Australia
| | - Jeron Venhuizen
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Lesley Castillo
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Javad Tavakoli
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia
| | - Joanna N. Skhinas
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Ewan K. A. Millar
- Department of Anatomical PathologyNSW Health PathologySt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyNSW2217Australia
| | - Julia Beretov
- Department of Anatomical PathologyNSW Health PathologySt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyNSW2217Australia
| | | | - Joanne L. Tipper
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia
- School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Department of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLuleå University of TechnologyLuleå97187Sweden
| | - Christopher J. Ormandy
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2010Australia
| | - Michael S. Samuel
- Centre for Cancer BiologySA Pathology and University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5000Australia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide5000Australia
| | - Thomas R. Cox
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2010Australia
| | - Luciano Martelotto
- Single Cell CoreSystems BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolHarvard UniversityMassachusetts02115USA
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Fatima Valdes‐Mora
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics LaboratoryChildren's Cancer InstituteRandwickNSW2052Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Hanlee P. Ji
- Division of OncologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - David Gallego‐Ortega
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2010Australia
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8
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Interplay between HTRA1 and classical signalling pathways in organogenesis and diseases. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1919-1927. [PMID: 35531175 PMCID: PMC9072889 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The high temperature requirement factor A1 (HTRA1) is a serine protease which modulates an array of signalling pathways driving basal biological processes. HTRA1 plays a significant role in cell proliferation, migration and fate determination, in addition to controlling protein aggregates through refolding, translocation or degradation. The mutation of HTRA1 has been implicated in a plethora of disorders and this has also led to its growing interest as drug therapy target. This review details the involvement of HTRA1 in certain signalling pathways, namely the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), canonical Wingless/Integrated (WNT) and NOTCH signalling pathways during organogenesis and various disease pathogenesis such as preeclampsia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), small vessel disease and cancer. We have also explored possible avenues of exploiting the serine proteases for therapeutic management of these disorders.
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Gasparrini M, Audrito V. NAMPT: A critical driver and therapeutic target for cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 145:106189. [PMID: 35219878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) possesses a vital role in mammalian cells due to its activity as a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinamide. NAD is an essential redox cofactor, but it also functions as a substrate for NAD-consuming enzymes, regulating multiple cellular processes such as DNA repair and gene expression, fundamental to sustain tumor growth and survival and energetic needs. A common strategy that several tumor types adopt to sustain NAD synthesis is to over-express NAMPT. However, beside its intracellular functions, this enzyme has a second life outside of cells exerting cytokine-like functions and mediating pro-inflammatory conditions activating signaling pathways. While the effects of NAMPT/NAD axis on energetic metabolism in tumors has been well-established, increasing evidence demonstrated the impact of NAMPT over-expression (intra-/extra-cellular) on several tumor cellular processes, including DNA repair, gene expression, signaling pathways, proliferation, invasion, stemness, phenotype plasticity, metastatization, angiogenesis, immune regulation, and drug resistance. For all these reasons, NAMPT targeting has emerged as promising anti-cancer strategy to deplete NAD and impair cellular metabolism, but also to counteract the other NAMPT-related functions. In this review, we summarize the key role of NAMPT in multiple biological processes implicated in cancer biology and the impact of NAMPT inhibition as therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Audrito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences & Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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10
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Thromboinflammatory Processes at the Nexus of Metabolic Dysfunction and Prostate Cancer: The Emerging Role of Periprostatic Adipose Tissue. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071679. [PMID: 35406450 PMCID: PMC8996963 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As overweight and obesity increase among the population worldwide, a parallel increase in the number of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer was observed. There appears to be a relationship between both diseases where the increase in the mass of fat tissue can lead to inflammation. Such a state of inflammation could produce many factors that increase the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, especially if this inflammation occurred in the fat stores adjacent to the prostate. Another important observation that links obesity, fat tissue inflammation, and prostate cancer is the increased production of blood clotting factors. In this article, we attempt to explain the role of these latter factors in the effect of increased body weight on the progression of prostate cancer and propose new ways of treatment that act by affecting how these clotting factors work. Abstract The increased global prevalence of metabolic disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and diabetes is mirrored by an increased incidence of prostate cancer (PCa). Ample evidence suggests that these metabolic disorders, being characterized by adipose tissue (AT) expansion and inflammation, not only present as risk factors for the development of PCa, but also drive its increased aggressiveness, enhanced progression, and metastasis. Despite the emerging molecular mechanisms linking AT dysfunction to the various hallmarks of PCa, thromboinflammatory processes implicated in the crosstalk between these diseases have not been thoroughly investigated. This is of particular importance as both diseases present states of hypercoagulability. Accumulating evidence implicates tissue factor, thrombin, and active factor X as well as other players of the coagulation cascade in the pathophysiological processes driving cancer development and progression. In this regard, it becomes pivotal to elucidate the thromboinflammatory processes occurring in the periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), a fundamental microenvironmental niche of the prostate. Here, we highlight key findings linking thromboinflammation and the pleiotropic effects of coagulation factors and their inhibitors in metabolic diseases, PCa, and their crosstalk. We also propose several novel therapeutic targets and therapeutic interventions possibly modulating the interaction between these pathological states.
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11
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Al Abdulsalam EA, Al Harithy RN. Visfatin and global histone H3K9me levels in colon cancer. Ann Med 2021; 53:647-652. [PMID: 34008459 PMCID: PMC8143622 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1925737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visfatin is considered to be a biomarker in various types of cancers, including colon cancer. Moreover, evidence for epigenetic mechanism must be reported for an association between visfatin level and colon cancer. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the status of visfatin expression and the global histone three modifications in colon cancerous tissue. METHODS Colon cancerous tissue and paired adjacent non-cancerous tissue from 30 patients were used to determine the global histone three modifications using Western blot. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to assess visfatin's expression level in tissues. RESULTS The visfatin and the global H3K9me expression levels were significantly higher in colon cancerous tissue than in the paired adjacent non-cancerous tissue. CONCLUSION The present study makes a crucial noteworthy contribution to visfatin effect on colon cancer development via H3K9me.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. Al Abdulsalam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowyda N. Al Harithy
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Chen M, Yang S, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Zhai X, Dong D. High temperature requirement A1 in cancer: biomarker and therapeutic target. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:513. [PMID: 34563186 PMCID: PMC8466973 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the life expectancy of the population increases worldwide, cancer is becoming a substantial public health problem. Considering its recurrence and mortality rates, most cancer cases are difficult to cure. In recent decades, a large number of studies have been carried out on different cancer types; unfortunately, tumor incidence and mortality have not been effectively improved. At present, early diagnostic biomarkers and accurate therapeutic strategies for cancer are lacking. High temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) is a trypsin-fold serine protease that is also a chymotrypsin-like protease family member originally discovered in bacteria and later discovered in mammalian systems. HtrA1 gene expression is decreased in diverse cancers, and it may play a role as a tumor suppressor for promoting the death of tumor cells. This work aimed to examine the role of HtrA1 as a cell type-specific diagnostic biomarker or as an internal and external regulatory factor of diverse cancers. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of HtrA1 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zirui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.
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13
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Zangouei AS, Alimardani M, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of Doxorubicin resistance in breast tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:213. [PMID: 33858435 PMCID: PMC8170947 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatment options for breast cancer (BC) patients. However, about half of the BC patients are chemotherapeutic resistant. Doxorubicin (DOX) is considered as one of the first line drugs in the treatment of BC patients whose function is negatively affected by multi drug resistance. Due to the severe side effects of DOX, it is very important to diagnose the DOX resistant BC patients. Therefore, assessment of molecular mechanisms involved in DOX resistance can improve the clinical outcomes in BC patients by introducing the novel therapeutic and diagnostic molecular markers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as members of the non-coding RNAs family have pivotal roles in various cellular processes including cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, aberrant miRNAs functions and expressions can be associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Moreover, due to miRNAs stability in body fluids, they can be considered as non-invasive diagnostic markers for the DOX response in BC patients. MAIN BODY In the present review, we have summarized all of the miRNAs that have been reported to be associated with DOX resistance in BC for the first time in the world. CONCLUSIONS Since, DOX has severe side effects; it is required to distinguish the non DOX-responders from responders to improve the clinical outcomes of BC patients. This review highlights the miRNAs as pivotal regulators of DOX resistance in breast tumor cells. Moreover, the present review paves the way of introducing a non-invasive panel of prediction markers for DOX response among BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Alimardani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Carrara GFA, Evangelista AF, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Abrahão-Machado LF, Morini MA, Kerr LM, Folgueira MAAK, da Costa Vieira RA. Analysis of RPL37A, MTSS1, and HTRA1 expression as potential markers for pathologic complete response and survival. Breast Cancer 2021; 28:307-320. [PMID: 32951185 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-metastatic locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC) treatment involves neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). We evaluated the association of clinical-pathological data and immunoexpression of hormone receptors, HER2 and Ki67, and new biomarkers, RPL37A, MTSS1 and HTRA1, with pathological complete response (PCR) or tumour resistance (stable disease or disease progression), disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). METHODS This is a retrospective study of 333 patients with LABC who underwent NCT. Expression of MTSS1, RPL37A and HTRA1/PRSS11 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in TMA slides. Cutoff values were established for low and high tumour expression. ROC plotter evaluated response to NCT. Chi-square test for factors related to PCR, and Kaplan-Meier test and Cox model for factors related to DFS and CSS were prformed. RESULTS The mean follow-up was 70.0 months and PCR rate was 15.6%. At 120 months, DFS rate was 32.5% and CSS rate was 67.1%. In multivariate analysis, there was an association between: (1) necrosis presence, intense inflammatory infiltrate, ER absence, HER2 molecular subtype and high RPL3A expression with increased odds of PCR; (2) lymph node involvement (LNI), high Ki67, low RPL37A and high HTRA1 expression with increased risk for NCT non-response; (3) LNI, high proliferation, necrosis absence, low RPL37A and high HTRA1 expression with increased recurrence risk; (4) advanced LNI, ER negative tumours, high HTRA1, low RPL37A expression and desmoplasia presence with higher risk of cancer death. CONCLUSION RPL37A is a potential biomarker for response to NCT and for prognosis. Additional studies evaluating HTRA1 and MTSS1 prognostic value are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Freire Angotti Carrara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Bairro Dr Paulo Prata, Barretos, São Paulo, 14.784-400, Brasil
| | - Adriane Feijo Evangelista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Bairro Dr Paulo Prata, Barretos, São Paulo, 14.784-400, Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa Molecular em Oncologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, Brasil
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Bairro Dr Paulo Prata, Barretos, São Paulo, 14.784-400, Brasil
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, Brasil
| | | | | | - Ligia Maria Kerr
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, Brasil
| | - Maria Aparecida Azevedo Koike Folgueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina, FMUSP Universidade de São Paulo, FMUSP, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - René Aloisio da Costa Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Bairro Dr Paulo Prata, Barretos, São Paulo, 14.784-400, Brasil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetricia e Mastologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil.
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15
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Iliopoulos A, Beis G, Apostolou P, Papasotiriou I. Complex Networks, Gene Expression and Cancer Complexity: A Brief Review of Methodology and Applications. Curr Bioinform 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893614666191017093504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this brief survey, various aspects of cancer complexity and how this complexity can
be confronted using modern complex networks’ theory and gene expression datasets, are described.
In particular, the causes and the basic features of cancer complexity, as well as the challenges
it brought are underlined, while the importance of gene expression data in cancer research
and in reverse engineering of gene co-expression networks is highlighted. In addition, an introduction
to the corresponding theoretical and mathematical framework of graph theory and complex
networks is provided. The basics of network reconstruction along with the limitations of gene
network inference, the enrichment and survival analysis, evolution, robustness-resilience and cascades
in complex networks, are described. Finally, an indicative and suggestive example of a cancer
gene co-expression network inference and analysis is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.C. Iliopoulos
- Research and Development Department, Research Genetic Cancer Centre S.A., Florina, Greece
| | - G. Beis
- Research and Development Department, Research Genetic Cancer Centre S.A., Florina, Greece
| | - P. Apostolou
- Research and Development Department, Research Genetic Cancer Centre S.A., Florina, Greece
| | - I. Papasotiriou
- Research Genetic Cancer Centre International GmbH, Zug, Switzerland
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Boosted photocatalytic activity induced NAMPT-Regulating therapy based on elemental bismuth-humic acids heterojunction for inhibiting tumor proliferation/migration/inflammation. Biomaterials 2020; 254:120140. [PMID: 32473481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the highly complex biological formation procedure, tumor is still difficult to be treated efficiently and always associated with proliferation, migration and inflammation during treatment. Herein, a novel strategy of boosted photocatalytic activity induced NAMPT-regulating therapy is used for tumors inhibition based on FK866 loaded bismuth-humic acids heterojunction (Bi-HA/FK866). With the reduction function of HA, Bi (Ⅲ) can be reduced to elemental Bi, which can be excited by NIR laser to form electron-hole pair due to the narrow bandgap. Moreover, the coated HA and Bi could form a heterojunction structure, which could decrease the electron-hole recombination, and further boost the photocatalytic activity, leading to highly efficient ROS generation and GSH depletion. The resulted ROS could induce DNA damage of the tumor cells, thus enhancing the sensitivity to the inhibitor of NAMPT (FK866) to downregulate NAD/ERK/NF-κB signal pathways, and eventually simultaneously prevent cancer progression. Moreover, the decreased NAD could downregulate NADPH and further suppress the innate antioxidant defense system by inhibiting reduction of GSSG. The boosted photocatalytic activity induced NAMPT-regulating therapy offers a promising way to address the important issue of penetration depth limitation induced cancer relapse and migration, providing more possibilities toward successful clinical application.
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17
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Pathak GA, Zhou Z, Silzer TK, Barber RC, Phillips NR. Two-stage Bayesian GWAS of 9576 individuals identifies SNP regions that are targeted by miRNAs inversely expressed in Alzheimer's and cancer. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:162-177. [PMID: 31914222 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We compared genetic variants between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and two age-related cancers-breast and prostate -to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with inverse comorbidity of AD and cancer. METHODS Bayesian multinomial regression was used to compare sex-stratified cases (AD and cancer) against controls in a two-stage study. A ±500 KB region around each replicated hit was imputed and analyzed after merging individuals from the two stages. The microRNAs (miRNAs) that target the genes involving these SNPs were analyzed for miRNA family enrichment. RESULTS We identified 137 variants with inverse odds ratios for AD and cancer located on chromosomes 19, 4, and 5. The mapped miRNAs within the network were enriched for miR-17 and miR-515 families. DISCUSSION The identified SNPs were rs4298154 (intergenic), within TOMM40/APOE/APOC1, MARK4, CLPTM1, and near the VDAC1/FSTL4 locus. The miRNAs identified in our network have been previously reported to have inverse expression in AD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita A Pathak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Talisa K Silzer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole R Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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Dufresne J, Bowden P, Thavarajah T, Florentinus-Mefailoski A, Chen ZZ, Tucholska M, Norzin T, Ho MT, Phan M, Mohamed N, Ravandi A, Stanton E, Slutsky AS, Dos Santos CC, Romaschin A, Marshall JC, Addison C, Malone S, Heyland D, Scheltens P, Killestein J, Teunissen C, Diamandis EP, Siu KWM, Marshall JG. The plasma peptides of breast versus ovarian cancer. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:43. [PMID: 31889940 PMCID: PMC6927194 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a need to demonstrate a proof of principle that proteomics has the capacity to analyze plasma from breast cancer versus other diseases and controls in a multisite clinical trial design. The peptides or proteins that show a high observation frequency, and/or precursor intensity, specific to breast cancer plasma might be discovered by comparison to other diseases and matched controls. The endogenous tryptic peptides of breast cancer plasma were compared to ovarian cancer, female normal, sepsis, heart attack, Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis along with the institution-matched normal and control samples collected directly onto ice. Methods Endogenous tryptic peptides were extracted from individual breast cancer and control EDTA plasma samples in a step gradient of acetonitrile, and collected over preparative C18 for LC-ESI-MS/MS with a set of LTQ XL linear quadrupole ion traps working together in parallel to randomly and independently sample clinical populations. The MS/MS spectra were fit to fully tryptic peptides or phosphopeptides within proteins using the X!TANDEM algorithm. The protein observation frequency was counted using the SEQUEST algorithm after selecting the single best charge state and peptide sequence for each MS/MS spectra. The observation frequency was subsequently tested by Chi Square analysis. The log10 precursor intensity was compared by ANOVA in the R statistical system. Results Peptides and/or phosphopeptides of common plasma proteins such as APOE, C4A, C4B, C3, APOA1, APOC2, APOC4, ITIH3 and ITIH4 showed increased observation frequency and/or precursor intensity in breast cancer. Many cellular proteins also showed large changes in frequency by Chi Square (χ2 > 100, p < 0.0001) in the breast cancer samples such as CPEB1, LTBP4, HIF-1A, IGHE, RAB44, NEFM, C19orf82, SLC35B1, 1D12A, C8orf34, HIF1A, OCLN, EYA1, HLA-DRB1, LARS, PTPDC1, WWC1, ZNF562, PTMA, MGAT1, NDUFA1, NOGOC, OR1E1, OR1E2, CFI, HSA12, GCSH, ELTD1, TBX15, NR2C2, FLJ00045, PDLIM1, GALNT9, ASH2L, PPFIBP1, LRRC4B, SLCO3A1, BHMT2, CS, FAM188B2, LGALS7, SAT2, SFRS8, SLC22A12, WNT9B, SLC2A4, ZNF101, WT1, CCDC47, ERLIN1, SPFH1, EID2, THOC1, DDX47, MREG, PTPRE, EMILIN1, DKFZp779G1236 and MAP3K8 among others. The protein gene symbols with large Chi Square values were significantly enriched in proteins that showed a complex set of previously established functional and structural relationships by STRING analysis. An increase in mean precursor intensity of peptides was observed for QSER1 as well as SLC35B1, IQCJ-SCHIP1, MREG, BHMT2, LGALS7, THOC1, ANXA4, DHDDS, SAT2, PTMA and FYCO1 among others. In contrast, the QSER1 peptide QPKVKAEPPPK was apparently specific to ovarian cancer. Conclusion There was striking agreement between the breast cancer plasma peptides and proteins discovered by LC-ESI-MS/MS with previous biomarkers from tumors, cells lines or body fluids by genetic or biochemical methods. The results indicate that variation in plasma peptides from breast cancer versus ovarian cancer may be directly discovered by LC-ESI-MS/MS that will be a powerful tool for clinical research. It may be possible to use a battery of sensitive and robust linear quadrupole ion traps for random and independent sampling of plasma from a multisite clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie Dufresne
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Pete Bowden
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Thanusi Thavarajah
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Angelique Florentinus-Mefailoski
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Zhuo Zhen Chen
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Monika Tucholska
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Tenzin Norzin
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Margaret Truc Ho
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Morla Phan
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Nargiz Mohamed
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- 2Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Center, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Eric Stanton
- 3Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Arthur S Slutsky
- 4St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Chair in Medicine, Professor of Medicine, Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- 5St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander Romaschin
- 5St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Toronto, Canada
| | - John C Marshall
- 5St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christina Addison
- 6Program for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shawn Malone
- 6Program for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Daren Heyland
- 7Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Canada
| | - Philip Scheltens
- 8Alzheimer Center, Dept of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joep Killestein
- 9MS Center, Dept of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- 10Neurochemistry Lab and Biobank, Dept of Clinical Chemsitry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - K W M Siu
- 12University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | - John G Marshall
- 1Ryerson Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON Canada.,13International Biobank of Luxembourg (IBBL), Luxembourg Institute of Health (formerly CRP Sante Luxembourg), Strassen, Luxembourg
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Stromal Cell Signature Associated with Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121566. [PMID: 31817155 PMCID: PMC6953077 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stromal compartment, may influence responsiveness to chemotherapy. Our aim was to detect a stromal cell signature (using a direct approach of microdissected stromal cells) associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCT) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). The tumor samples were collected from 44 patients with LABC (29 estrogen receptor (ER) positive and 15 ER negative) before the start of any treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisted of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel. Response was defined as downstaging to maximum ypT1a-b/ypN0. The stromal cells, mainly composed of fibroblast and immune cells, were microdissected from fresh frozen tumor samples and gene expression profile was determined using Agilent SurePrint G3 Human Gene Expression microarrays. Expression levels were compared using MeV (MultiExperiment Viewer) software, applying SAM (significance analysis of microarrays). To classify samples according to tumor response, the order of median based on confidence statements (MedOr) was used, and to identify gene sets correlated with the phenotype downstaging, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Nine patients presented disease downstaging. Eleven sequences (FDR 17) were differentially expressed, all of which (except H2AFJ) more expressed in responsive tumors, including PTCHD1 and genes involved in abnormal cytotoxic T cell physiology, TOX, LY75, and SH2D1A. The following four pairs of markers could correctly classify all tumor samples according to response: PTCHD1/PDXDC2P, LOC100506731/NEURL4, SH2D1A/ENST00000478672, and TOX/H2AFJ. Gene sets correlated with tumor downstaging (FDR < 0.01) were mainly involved in immune response or lymphocyte activation, including CD47, LCK, NCK1, CD24, CD3E, ZAP70, FOXP3, and CD74, among others. In locally advanced breast cancer, stromal cells may present specific features of immune response that may be associated with chemotherapy response.
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Bolandghamat Pour Z, Nourbakhsh M, Mousavizadeh K, Madjd Z, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Abdolvahabi Z, Hesari Z, Ezzati Mobasser S. Suppression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase expression by miR-154 reduces the viability of breast cancer cells and increases their susceptibility to doxorubicin. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1027. [PMID: 31675930 PMCID: PMC6824125 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) enzyme acts as the major enzyme in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis salvage pathway. Deregulation of NAD could be associated with progression of several cancers such as breast cancer. Here, the consequence of NAMPT inhibition by miR-154 was investigated on breast cancer cells. Methods MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines were transfected with the mimic and inhibitors of miR-154-5p and their corresponding negative controls. Consequently, levels of NAMPT and NAD were assayed employing qRT-PCR, Western blotting and enzymatic method, respectively. Subsequently, flow cytometry and colorimetric methods were performed to evaluate apoptosis and cell viability. Bioinformatics analyses as well as luciferase assay were done to investigate whether the 3′-UTR of NAMPT is directly targeted by miR-154. Results According to the obtained results, NAMPT was recognized as a target for binding of miR-154 and the levels of this miRNA was inversely associated with both mRNA and protein levels of NAMPT in breast cancer cell lines. Functionally, miR-154 inhibited the NAD salvage pathway leading to a remarkable decrease in cell viability and increased rate of cell death. When breast cancer cells were simultaneously treated with doxorubicin and miR-154 mimic, cell viability was considerably reduced compared to treatment with doxorubicin alone in both cell lines. Conclusions It was concluded that the inhibition of NAD production by miR-154 might be introduced as an appropriate therapeutic approach in order to improve breast cancer outcome either alone or in combination with other conventional chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bolandghamat Pour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway 1449614535, Tehran, Iran. .,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.,Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zohreh Abdolvahabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Hesari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samira Ezzati Mobasser
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Lucena-Cacace A, Umeda M, Navas LE, Carnero A. NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD + as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance. Front Oncol 2019; 9:292. [PMID: 31119097 PMCID: PMC6507617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133+ cells with self-renewal properties and capable of initiating new tumors contributing to Glioma progression, maintenance, hierarchy, and complexity. GSCs are highly resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. These cells are believed to be responsible for tumor relapses and patients' fatal outcome after developing a recurrent Glioblastoma (GBM) or High Grade Glioma (HGG). GSCs are cells under replicative stress with high demands on NAD+ supply to repair DNA, maintain self-renewal capacity and to induce tumor plasticity. NAD+ feeds Poly-ADP polymerases (PARP) and NAD+-dependent deacetylases (SIRTUINS) contributing to GSC phenotype. This energetic core axis is mainly controlled by the rate-limiting enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), an important oncogene contributing to tumor dedifferentiation. Targeting GSCs depicts a new frontier in Glioma therapy; hence NAMPT could represent a key regulator for GSCs maintenance. Its inhibition may attenuate GSCs properties by decreasing NAD+ supply, consequently contributing to a better outcome together with current therapies for Glioma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Umeda
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lola E Navas
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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22
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Zhang S, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Guo J, Li J, Zhao K, Qin Y, Qiu C. LncRNA FOXC2-AS1 protects cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through activation of WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:653-658. [PMID: 30558506 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1553606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is an anthracycline antibiotic that has been used to treat different cancers. Dox-induced cardiotoxicity is common in clinical practice, while its mechanism is unknown. It has been proved that lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 may promote doxorubicin resistance and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1) blocks doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte death. Our study aimed to investigate the involvement of lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 and WISP1 in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and to explore their interactions. In our study we observed that FOXC2-AS1 and WISP1 mRNA were downregulated in heart tissues of mice with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. FOXC2-AS1 and WISP1 mRNA expression were positively correlated in mice with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity but not in healthy mice. Overexpression of FOXC2-AS1 promoted to viability of mice cardiomyocytes under Dox treatment and also increased the expression level of WISP1. In contrast, WISP1 overexpression showed no significant effect on FOXC2-AS1. We therefore conclude that lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 may upregulate WISP1 to protect cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenwei Zhang
- a Department of cardiology , the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- b Department of cardiology , The seventh people'S hospital of Zhengzhou , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- c Department of cardiology , The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force , Beijing City , PR. China
| | - Jing Guo
- b Department of cardiology , The seventh people'S hospital of Zhengzhou , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
| | - Jing Li
- b Department of cardiology , The seventh people'S hospital of Zhengzhou , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
| | - Kui Zhao
- b Department of cardiology , The seventh people'S hospital of Zhengzhou , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
| | - Yanping Qin
- b Department of cardiology , The seventh people'S hospital of Zhengzhou , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
| | - Chunguang Qiu
- a Department of cardiology , the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university , Zhengzhou City , Henan Province , PR. China
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23
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Yaku K, Okabe K, Hikosaka K, Nakagawa T. NAD Metabolism in Cancer Therapeutics. Front Oncol 2018; 8:622. [PMID: 30631755 PMCID: PMC6315198 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have a unique energy metabolism for sustaining rapid proliferation. The preference for anaerobic glycolysis under normal oxygen conditions is a unique trait of cancer metabolism and is designated as the Warburg effect. Enhanced glycolysis also supports the generation of nucleotides, amino acids, lipids, and folic acid as the building blocks for cancer cell division. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a co-enzyme that mediates redox reactions in a number of metabolic pathways, including glycolysis. Increased NAD levels enhance glycolysis and fuel cancer cells. In fact, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), a rate-limiting enzyme for NAD synthesis in mammalian cells, is frequently amplified in several cancer cells. In addition, Nampt-specific inhibitors significantly deplete NAD levels and subsequently suppress cancer cell proliferation through inhibition of energy production pathways, such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. NAD also serves as a substrate for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), sirtuin, and NAD gylycohydrolase (CD38 and CD157); thus, NAD regulates DNA repair, gene expression, and stress response through these enzymes. Thus, NAD metabolism is implicated in cancer pathogenesis beyond energy metabolism and considered a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this review, we present recent findings with respect to NAD metabolism and cancer pathogenesis. We also discuss the current and future perspectives regarding the therapeutics that target NAD metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yaku
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okabe
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hikosaka
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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24
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Nagorski J, Allen GI. Genomic region detection via Spatial Convex Clustering. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203007. [PMID: 30204756 PMCID: PMC6133280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Several modern genomic technologies, such as DNA-Methylation arrays, measure spatially registered probes that number in the hundreds of thousands across multiple chromosomes. The measured probes are by themselves less interesting scientifically; instead scientists seek to discover biologically interpretable genomic regions comprised of contiguous groups of probes which may act as biomarkers of disease or serve as a dimension-reducing pre-processing step for downstream analyses. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised feature learning technique which maps technological units (probes) to biological units (genomic regions) that are common across all subjects. We use ideas from fusion penalties and convex clustering to introduce a method for Spatial Convex Clustering, or SpaCC. Our method is specifically tailored to detecting multi-subject regions of methylation, but we also test our approach on the well-studied problem of detecting segments of copy number variation. We formulate our method as a convex optimization problem, develop a massively parallelizable algorithm to find its solution, and introduce automated approaches for handling missing values and determining tuning parameters. Through simulation studies based on real methylation and copy number variation data, we show that SpaCC exhibits significant performance gains relative to existing methods. Finally, we illustrate SpaCC's advantages as a pre-processing technique that reduces large-scale genomics data into a smaller number of genomic regions through several cancer epigenetics case studies on subtype discovery, network estimation, and epigenetic-wide association.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nagorski
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Genevera I. Allen
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics-Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
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25
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Dalamaga M, Christodoulatos GS, Mantzoros CS. The role of extracellular and intracellular Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives and challenges. Metabolism 2018; 82:72-87. [PMID: 29330025 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase (Nampt) or pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor or visfatin represents a pleiotropic molecule acting as an enzyme, a cytokine and a growth factor. Intracellular Nampt plays an important role in cellular bioenergetics and metabolism, particularly NAD biosynthesis. NAD biosynthesis is critical in DNA repair, oncogenic signal transduction, transcription, genomic integrity and apoptosis. Although its insulin-mimetic function remains a controversial issue, extracellular Nampt presents proliferative, anti-apoptotic, pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and metastatic properties. Nampt is upregulated in many malignancies, including obesity-associated cancers, and is associated with worse prognosis. Serum Nampt may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cancer. Pharmacologic agents that neutralize Nampt or medications that decrease Nampt levels or downregulate signaling pathways downstream of Nampt may prove to be useful anti-cancer treatments. In particular, Nampt inhibitors as monotherapy or in combination therapy have displayed anti-cancer activity in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this review is to explore the role of Nampt in cancer pathophysiology as well as to synopsize the mechanisms underlying the association between extracellular and intracellular Nampt, and malignancy. Exploring the interplay of cellular bioenergetics, inflammation and adiposopathy is expected to be of importance in the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; Department of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, Nikis 2, Kifisia, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Zhou SJ, Bi TQ, Qin CX, Yang XQ, Pang K. Expression of NAMPT is associated with breast invasive ductal carcinoma development and prognosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6648-6654. [PMID: 29725408 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) possesses various functions in human cells, and altered NAMPT expression is associated with human carcinogenesis. The present study detected the expression of NAMPT in normal and cancerous breast tissues from 83 patients using immunohistochemistry, and analyzed its association with the clinicopathological and survival data of the patients. NAMPT was significantly overexpressed in the breast invasive ductal carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal mammary gland tissues. Upregulated NAMPT expression was associated with a larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical tumor-node-metastasis stages, and estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression. Furthermore, NAMPT expression was associated with poor overall and disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer. In conclusion, NAMPT increased protein expression in tumor cells may contribute to the development and progression of breast invasive ductal carcinoma. Thus, detection of NAMPT expression might be useful as a biomarker for the early detection and prognosis prediction of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Tie-Qiang Bi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Xin Qin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Kai Pang
- Department of Statistics, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
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27
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Moi SH, Lee YC, Chuang LY, Yuan SSF, Ou-Yang F, Hou MF, Yang CH, Chang HW. Cumulative receiver operating characteristics for analyzing interaction between tissue visfatin and clinicopathologic factors in breast cancer progression. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:19. [PMID: 29449787 PMCID: PMC5807850 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Visfatin has been reported to be associated with breast cancer progression, but the interaction between the visfatin and clinicopathologic factors in breast cancer progression status requires further investigation. To address this problem, it is better to simultaneously consider multiple factors in sensitivity and specificity assays. Methods In this study, a dataset for 105 breast cancer patients (84 disease-free and 21 progressing) were chosen. Individual and cumulative receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were used to analyze the impact of each factor along with interaction effects. Results In individual ROC analysis, only 3 of 13 factors showed better performance for area under curve (AUC), i.e., AUC > 7 for hormone therapy (HT), tissue visfatin, and lymph node (LN) metastasis. Under our proposed scoring system, the cumulative ROC analysis provides higher AUC performance (0.746–0.886) than individual ROC analysis in predicting breast cancer progression. Considering the interaction between these factors, a minimum of six factors, including HT, tissue visfatin, LN metastasis, tumor stage, age, and tumor size, were identified as being highly interactive and associated with breast cancer progression, providing potential and optimal discriminators for predicting breast cancer progression. Conclusion Taken together, the cumulative ROC analysis provides better prediction for breast cancer progression than individual ROC analysis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0517-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Hua Moi
- 1Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,3Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yeh Chuang
- 4Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu Ou-Yang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,6Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,7Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,8Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hong Yang
- 1Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,9Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,10Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,11Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,12Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
Obesity is a well-known factor that leads to many diseases including endometrial cancer. The adipose tissue is a heterogeneous organ of internal secretion. Visfatin is a newly discovered protein produced by fat tissues. The purpose of this work was to evaluate serum level concentrations of visfatin in patients with endometrial cancer based on clinical progression and histopathological tumor differentiation. The diagnostic capabilities of visfatin protein in high differentiation (FIGO III and IV) from a lower (FIGO I and II) clinical stage and prognostic degree of cell differentiation (G1 versus G2, G2 versus G3) on the basis of the analysis of the area under the ROC curve are as follows: 0.87, 0.81, and 0.86. Significantly higher concentrations of visfatin have been observed in patients with invasion of the blood vessels (p = 0.02) and lymph node metastases (p = 0.01) in reference to the depth of infiltration of the endometrium (p = 0.004), as well as the size of the tumor (p = 0.003). Visfatin serum concentrations did not differ due to the invasion of the lymphatic vessels only. Visfatin seems to be a good marker of endometrial cancer progress. High visfatin serum level predicts poor prognosis in endometrial cancer patients.
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29
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Yang J, Zhang K, Song H, Wu M, Li J, Yong Z, Jiang S, Kuang X, Zhang T. Visfatin is involved in promotion of colorectal carcinoma malignancy through an inducing EMT mechanism. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32306-17. [PMID: 27058759 PMCID: PMC5078014 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidences suggested visfatin, a newly discovered obesity-induced adipocytokine, is involved in promotion of cancer malignancy and correlated with worse clinical prognosis. While its effects and mechanisms on progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Our clinical data show that visfatin protein is over expressed, positive associated with lymph node metastasis, high-grade tumor, and poor prognosis in 87 CRC patients. The levels of plasma visfatin are significantly upregulated in Stage IV colon cancer. Visfatin can significantly promote the in vitro migration and invasion of CRC cells via induction epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). It can increase the expression and nuclear translocation of Snail, a key transcription factor in regulating EMT. While silencing of Snail attenuates visfatin induced EMT. Further studies reveal visfatin can inhibit the association of Snail with GSK-3β and subsequently suppress ubiquitylation of Snail. In addition, visfatin can increase the expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, elevate its binding with Snail promoter, and then increase the transcription of Snail. While inhibitor of PI3K/Akt, LY294002, abolishes visfatin induced up regulation of Snail, Vimentin (Vim), β-catenin, and phosphorylated GSK-3β. In summary, our data suggest that increased expression of visfatin are associated with a more aggressive phenotype of CRC patients. It can trigger the EMT of CRC cells via Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixing Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingbo Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Yong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Kuang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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30
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Kesherwani M, Raghavan S, Gunasekaran K, Velmurugan D. Identification of novel Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitors using computational approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1306-1328. [PMID: 28514875 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1322004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of NAD. Cancer cells have elevated poly [ADP-Ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP) activity as well as the immense necessity of ATP: thereby consuming NAD at a higher rate than normal tissues. The perturbation of these intracellular processes is more sensitive and highly dependent on NAMPT to maintain the required NAD levels. Functional inhibition of NAMPT is, therefore, a promising drug target in therapeutic oncology. In this study, the importance of intermolecular contacts was realized based on contact occupancy and favorable energetic from molecular dynamic simulation to discern non-critical contacts of four different classes of potential NAMPT inhibitor bound complexes. Further, pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, a quantum mechanical properties and MD simulation, as well as active site residual network communication were employed to identify potential leads. Present studies identified two leads, 2 and 3 which have better binding free energy compared to known inhibitors and showed stable hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic contacts with β barrel cavity lining residues in the active site of the dimer interface (A'B). Lead 2 containing fluorene as central core and lead 3 having phenyl-benzamide as a core showed stable moiety which was observed from electronic property analysis. Active site residual communication in identified leads bound complex also showed similarity to known inhibitor complexes. Compounds containing these moieties were not reported until now against NAMPT inhibition and can be considered as novel cores for future development of drugs to inhibit NAMPT function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kesherwani
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , India
| | - Sriram Raghavan
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , India
| | - Krishnasamy Gunasekaran
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , India.,b Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , India
| | - Devadasan Velmurugan
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , India
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Mobuchon L, Battistella A, Bardel C, Scelo G, Renoud A, Houy A, Cassoux N, Milder M, Cancel-Tassin G, Cussenot O, Delattre O, Besse C, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Cox DG, Stern MH. A GWAS in uveal melanoma identifies risk polymorphisms in the CLPTM1L locus. NPJ Genom Med 2017; 2:5. [PMID: 28781888 PMCID: PMC5542017 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-017-0008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma, a rare malignant tumor of the eye, is predominantly observed in populations of European ancestry. A genome-wide association study of 259 uveal melanoma patients compared to 401 controls all of European ancestry revealed a candidate locus at chromosome 5p15.33 (region rs421284: OR = 1.7, CI 1.43-2.05). This locus was replicated in an independent set of 276 cases and 184 controls. In addition, risk variants from this region were positively associated with higher expression of CLPTM1L. In conclusion, the CLPTM1L region contains risk alleles for uveal melanoma susceptibility, suggesting that CLPTM1L could play a role in uveal melanoma oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenha Mobuchon
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Aude Battistella
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Claire Bardel
- UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service de Biostatistique-bioinformatique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Alexia Renoud
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Houy
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Cassoux
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Maud Milder
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Cussenot
- UPMC University Paris 06 GRC n°5, CeRePP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Céline Besse
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut de Génomique, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut de Génomique, CEA, Evry, France
| | | | - David G. Cox
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marc-Henri Stern
- Inserm U830 and Ensemble Hospitalier, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Sithara S, Crowley TM, Walder K, Aston-Mourney K. Gene expression signature: a powerful approach for drug discovery in diabetes. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:R131-R139. [PMID: 27927696 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing in prevalence at an alarming rate around the world. Much effort has gone into the discovery and design of antidiabetic drugs; however, those already available are unable to combat the underlying causes of the disease and instead only moderate the symptoms. The reason for this is that T2D is a complex disease, and attempts to target one biological pathway are insufficient to combat the full extent of the disease. Additionally, the underlying pathophysiology of this disease is yet to be fully elucidated making it difficult to design drugs that target the mechanisms involved. Therefore, the approach of designing new drugs aimed at a specific molecular target is not optimal and a more expansive, unbiased approach is required. In this review, we will look at the current state of diabetes treatments and how these target the disease symptoms but are unable to combat the underlying causes. We will also review how the technique of gene expression signatures (GESs) has been used successfully for other complex diseases and how this may be applied as a powerful tool for the discovery of new drugs for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smithamol Sithara
- Metabolic Research UnitSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Tamsyn M Crowley
- School of MedicineMMR, Bioinformatics Core Research Facility, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Metabolic Research UnitSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Liu HY, Li QR, Cheng XF, Wang GJ, Hao HP. NAMPT inhibition synergizes with NQO1-targeting agents in inducing apoptotic cell death in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:582-9. [PMID: 27608947 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) catalyzes the first rate-limiting step in converting nicotinamide to NAD(+), essential for a number of enzymes and regulatory proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes, including deacetylation enzyme SIRT1 which modulates several tumor suppressors such as p53 and FOXO. Herein we report that NQO1 substrates Tanshione IIA (TSA) and β-lapachone (β-lap) induced a rapid depletion of NAD(+) pool but adaptively a significant upregulation of NAMPT. NAMPT inhibition by FK866 at a nontoxic dose significantly enhanced NQO1-targeting agent-induced apoptotic cell death. Compared with TSA or β-lap treatment alone, co-treatment with FK866 induced a more dramatic depletion of NAD(+), repression of SIRT1 activity, and thereby the increased accumulation of acetylated FOXO1 and the activation of apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, the results from the present study support that NAMPT inhibition can synergize with NQO1 activation to induce apoptotic cell death, thereby providing a new rationale for the development of combinative therapeutic drugs in combating non-small lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing-Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue-Fang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guang-Ji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hai-Ping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Role of Nampt and Visceral Adiposity in Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:3970605. [PMID: 28168205 PMCID: PMC5266808 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3970605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nampt including eNampt and iNampt may contribute to mediating obesity-associated cancers. This study investigated the role of Nampt in esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGA), a cancer strongly correlated with obesity. Visceral adiposity was defined by waist circumference or VFA. eNampt in sera were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. iNampt expression in EGA was determined by PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Sera eNampt were significantly elevated in these overweight and obese patients, especially for viscerally obese patients, and positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, VFA, and also primary tumor, regional lymph nodes, and TNM stage (P < 0.05). iNampt expression in both the mRNA and protein levels was upregulated in EGAs (P < 0.05). iNampt staining was found primarily in the cytoplasm and nuclei and significantly associated with tumor, lymph nodes, and TNM stage and also correlated positively with serum eNampt, BMI, total fat area, VFA, superficial fat area, and waist circumference (P < 0.05). iNampt, eNampt, tumor, lymph nodes, and TNM stage correlated to the survival of EGAs, and iNampt expression and TNM stage affected the prognosis independently (P < 0.05). This study highlighted the association of eNampt/iNampt with visceral obesity and a potential impact on the biology of EGA.
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Elias EV, de Castro NP, Pineda PHB, Abuázar CS, de Toledo Osorio CAB, Pinilla MG, da Silva SD, Camargo AA, Silva WA, e Ferreira EN, Brentani HP, Carraro DM. Epithelial cells captured from ductal carcinoma in situ reveal a gene expression signature associated with progression to invasive breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:75672-75684. [PMID: 27708222 PMCID: PMC5342769 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer biomarkers that can precisely predict the risk of progression of non-invasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions to invasive disease are lacking. The identification of molecular alterations that occur during the invasion process is crucial for the discovery of drivers of transition to invasive disease and, consequently, biomarkers with clinical utility. In this study, we explored differences in gene expression in mammary epithelial cells before and after the morphological manifestation of invasion, i.e., early and late stages, respectively. In the early stage, epithelial cells were captured from both pre-invasive lesions with distinct malignant potential [pure DCIS as well as the in situ component that co-exists with invasive breast carcinoma lesions (DCIS-IBC)]; in the late stage, epithelial cells were captured from the two distinct morphological components of the same sample (in situ and invasive components). Candidate genes were identified using cDNA microarray and rapid subtractive hybridization (RaSH) cDNA libraries and validated by RT-qPCR assay using new samples from each group. These analyses revealed 26 genes, including 20 from the early and 6 from the late stage. The expression profile based on the 20 genes, marked by a preferential decrease in expression level towards invasive phenotype, discriminated the majority of DCIS samples. Thus, this study revealed a gene expression signature with the potential to predict DCIS progression and, consequently, provides opportunities to tailor treatments for DCIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Vanina Elias
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nadia Pereira de Castro
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Baldan Pineda
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Sens Abuázar
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mabel Gigliola Pinilla
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Daniela da Silva
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anamaria Aranha Camargo
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Molecular Oncology Center, Sirio-Libanese Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araujo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisa Napolitano e Ferreira
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Paula Brentani
- Institute of Psychiatry-Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE-International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics (INCITO), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Rabajdova M, Urban P, Spakova I, Saksun L, Dudic R, Ostro A, Caprnda M, Kruzliak P, Adamek M, Marekova M. The crucial role of emilin 1 gene expression during progression of tumor growth. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2397-402. [PMID: 27581738 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study describes the effect of rapid tumor growth of patients suffering from various grades of malignant ductal breast carcinoma associated with the gene expression of ECM protein emilin 1, in correlation with the number of gene copies of emilin 1 and degradation of tumor tissue proteins. METHODS A total of 40 examined patients participated in the experiment (controls, n = 10, grades GI-GIII, each n = 10). After isolation of total mRNA, transcription of mRNA into the cDNA was performed. Quantification of gene expression changes was detected by the real-time PCR method. Analysis at the protein level was performed via Western blot method. RESULTS During the detection of changes at the mRNA level, a significantly decreased level of emilin 1 in tumor tissues with grade II (about 54 ± 8 % lower than control) was identified. Protein-level analysis indicated an increased level of emilin 1 in tumors with grade I in comparison with control samples (about 10 ± 3 %). CONCLUSION Obtained results demonstrated that the suppressive role of emilin 1 is related to the grade of growing breast tumors, and associated with increased hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment followed by elevated unfolding and degradation of tissue proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Rabajdova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Urban
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Spakova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia
| | | | - Rastislav Dudic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Alexander Ostro
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic. .,2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Mariusz Adamek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Maria Marekova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Kosice, Slovakia.
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Zhou L, Li J, Shao QQ, Guo JC, Liang ZY, Zhou WX, Zhang TP, You L, Zhao YP. Expression and Significances of MTSS1 in Pancreatic Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2016. [PMID: 26198729 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Thus far, expression of metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), its clinicopathologic and prognostic significances in pancreatic cancer (PC) remain unknown. Expression of MTSS1 was detected by Western blotting in PC cell lines, and by tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical staining in paired tumor and non-tumor samples from 242 patients with PC. Furthermore, the correlations between MTSS1 expression and clinicopathologic variables as well as overall survival were evaluated. In PC cell lines, MTSS1 was differentially expressed. In addition, MTSS1 expression was significantly lower in tumor than in non-tumor tissues (P < 0.001 in both McNemar and Mann-Whitney U tests). High tumoral expression of MTSS1 was closely associated with absence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023). Univariate analysis found that high MTSS1 expression in tumor tissues was a strong predictor of favorable overall survival in the whole cohort (P < 0.001). Besides, its impacts on prognosis were also observed in nine out of fourteen subgroups. Finally, MTSS1 expression was identified as an independent prognostic marker in the whole cohort (P = 0.031) as well as in six subgroups (P < 0.05), as shown by multivariate Cox regression test. Down-regulation of MTSS1 expression is evident in PC, and is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qian-Qian Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jun-Chao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei-Xun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tai-Ping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yu-Pei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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ZHU YANYAN, GUO MEIYAN, ZHANG LINGYUN, XU TAO, WANG LI, XU GUOXIONG. Biomarker triplet NAMPT/VEGF/HER2 as a de novo detection panel for the diagnosis and prognosis of human breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:454-62. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Complex role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in the regulation of programmed cell death pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 101:13-26. [PMID: 26343585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, a growing body of experimental observations has led to the identification of novel and alternative programs of regulated cell death. Recently, autophagic cell death and controlled forms of necrosis have emerged as major alternatives to apoptosis, the best characterized form of regulated cell demise. These recently identified, caspase-independent, forms of cell death appear to play a role in the response to several forms of stress, and their importance in different pathological conditions such as ischemia, infection and inflammation has been recognized. The functional link between cell metabolism and survival has also been the matter of recent studies. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) has gained particular interest due to its role in cell energetics, and as a substrate for several families of enzymes, comprising poly ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) and sirtuins, involved in numerous biological functions including cell survival and death. The recently uncovered diversity of cell death programs has led us to reevaluate the role of this important metabolite as a universal pro-survival factor, and to discuss the potential benefits and limitations of pharmacological approaches targeting NAD(+) metabolism.
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ALTOBELLI EMMA, MARZIONI DANIELA, LATTANZI AMEDEO, ANGELETTI PAOLOMATTEO. HtrA1: Its future potential as a novel biomarker for cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:555-66. [PMID: 26035313 PMCID: PMC4487665 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HtrA1 appears to be involved in several physiological processes as well as in the pathogenesis of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and osteoarthritis. It has also been hypothesized to play a role as a tumor suppressor. This manuscript reviews the current cancer-related HtrA1 research from the methodological and clinical standpoints including studies regarding its potential role as a tumor marker and/or prognostic factor. PRISMA method was used for study selection. The articles thus collected were examined and selected by two independent reviewers; any disagreement was resolved by a methodologist. A laboratory researcher reviewed the methods and laboratory techniques. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria and concerned the following cancer sites: the nervous system, bladder, breast, esophagus, stomach, liver, endometrium, thyroid, ovaries, pleura, lung and skin. Most articles described in vivo studies using a morphological approach and immunohistochemistry, whereas protein expression was quantified as staining intensity scored by two raters. Often the results were not comparable due to the different rating scales and study design. Current research on HtrA1 does not conclusively support its role as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- EMMA ALTOBELLI
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, AUSL Teramo, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - DANIELA MARZIONI
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - AMEDEO LATTANZI
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - PAOLO MATTEO ANGELETTI
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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Lv X, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Said HM, Shi J, Xu G. Regulative Effect of Nampt on Tumor Progression and Cell Viability in Human Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2015; 6:849-58. [PMID: 26284136 PMCID: PMC4532982 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer disease. Here we examined Nampt expression in patients with CRC and the effect of Nampt on cell viability in CRC cells. Nampt protein was overexpressed in colorectal adenoma as well as colorectal carcinoma. The immunoreactive staining of Nampt was negative in the adjacent normal colorectal tissue, weak in colorectal adenoma, and strong in colorectal carcinoma, which may represent tumor progression. Further evaluation of clinical data showed that Nampt expression was not correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of CRC. Additionally, our in vitro studies demonstrated that Nampt promotes CRC cell viability, whereas the Nampt inhibitor FK866 suppressed CRC cell viability, which was in concordance with the previous studies in other cancer cells. Treatment with Nampt-siRNA reduced the Nampt protein expression resulting in the inhibition of the cell viability of HCT116 and Caco2. Thus, the involvement of Nampt in cell growth indicates that Nampt may play an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis. As a consequence, our results suggest that Nampt may be considered as a progression marker of colorectal tumor and a potentially therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Lv
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- 2. Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; ; 3. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- 4. Department of General Surgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Harun M Said
- 5. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jimin Shi
- 2. Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- 2. Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; ; 3. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Sampath D, Zabka TS, Misner DL, O’Brien T, Dragovich PS. Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) as a therapeutic strategy in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 151:16-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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43
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Cheng G, Liu C, Sun X, Zhang L, Liu L, Ouyang J, Li B. Visfatin promotes osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:987-94. [PMID: 26062797 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Visfatin is considered to be a biomarker in various types of cancers. However, no evidence has been reported for the direct effect of visfatin on osteosarcoma cell metastasis. The aims of the present study were to investigate the influence of visfatin on the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and clarify the underlying mechanism. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, as well as the transcriptional factor Snail-1, were first detected at both the protein and mRNA levels in U2OS osteosarcoma cells after stimulation of visfatin. Then the expression of NF-κB (p65) was detected by western blot analysis, and siRNA of Snail-1 and inhibitor of NF-κB were used to investigate the effect of visfatin. Finally, migration and invasion of the cells were detected respectively by scratch wound healing and transwell assays. Visfatin downregulated E-cadherin and upregulated N-cadherin in concentration- and time-dependent manners at the protein and mRNA levels. The expression of Snail-1 was also upregulated. Moreover, visfatin also promoted the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB pathway. Administration of siRNA of Snail-1 and the inhibitor BAY11-7082 validated the roles of Snail-1 and NF-κB in the visfatin-induced regulation of EMT markers. Migration and invasion of U2OS osteosarcoma cells were promoted following the application of visfatin. These results demonstrated that visfatin enhances the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells via the NF-κB/Snail-1/EMT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Changying Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiujiang Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, P.R. China
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44
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Di Paolo A, Polillo M, Lastella M, Bocci G, Del Re M, Danesi R. Methods: for studying pharmacogenetic profiles of combination chemotherapeutic drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1253-67. [PMID: 26037261 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1053460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular and genetic analysis of tumors and individuals has led to patient-centered therapies, through the discovery and identification of genetic markers predictive of drug efficacy and tolerability. Present therapies often include a combination of synergic drugs, each of them directed against different targets. Therefore, the pharmacogenetic profiling of tumor masses and patients is becoming a challenge, and several questions may arise when planning a translational study. AREAS COVERED The review presents the different techniques used to stratify oncology patients and to tailor antineoplastic treatments according to individual pharmacogenetic profiling. The advantages of these methodologies are discussed as well as current limits. EXPERT OPINION Facing the rapid technological evolution for genetic analyses, the most pressing issues are the choice of appropriate strategies (i.e., from gene candidate up to next-generation sequencing) and the possibility to replicate study results for their final validation. It is likely that the latter will be the major obstacle in the future. However, the present landscape is opening up new possibilities, overcoming those hurdles that have limited result translation into clinical settings for years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Di Paolo
- University of Pisa, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa , Italy +39 050 2218755 ; +39 050 2218758 ;
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Zhang K, Zhou B, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Chen P, Pu Y, Song Y, Zhang L. Prognostic value of serum nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in patients with bladder cancer. Croat Med J 2015; 55:507-13. [PMID: 25358883 PMCID: PMC4228298 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2014.55.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To analyze the serum nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) level and its prognostic value in bladder cancer (BC). Methods The study included 131 patients with transitional cell BC and 109 healthy controls from the West China Hospital of Sichuan University in the period between 2007 and 2013. Nampt concentration in serum was measured by commercial ELISA kits for human Nampt. Results The serum Nampt protein level in patients with BC (mean ± standard deviation, 16.02 ± 7.95 ng/mL) was significantly higher than in the control group (6.46 ± 2.08 ng/mL) (P < 0.001). Serum Nampt level was an independent prognostic marker of non-muscle-invasive BC, with a higher serum Nampt level (>14.74 ng/mL) indicating shorter recurrence-free survival rate (hazard ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval, 1.01-8.06; P = 0.048). Conclusion Our results suggest that serum Nampt level may serve as a biomarker of BC and an independent prognostic marker of non-muscle-invasive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Zhang
- Lin Zhang, Department of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China,
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46
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Uziel O, Yosef N, Sharan R, Ruppin E, Kupiec M, Kushnir M, Beery E, Cohen-Diker T, Nordenberg J, Lahav M. The effects of telomere shortening on cancer cells: a network model of proteomic and microRNA analysis. Genomics 2014; 105:5-16. [PMID: 25451739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that shortening of telomeres by telomerase inhibition sensitized cancer cells to cisplatinum, slowed their migration, increased DNA damage and impaired DNA repair. The mechanism behind these effects is not fully characterized. Its clarification could facilitate novel therapeutics development and may obviate the time consuming process of telomere shortening achieved by telomerase inhibition. Here we aimed to decipher the microRNA and proteomic profiling of cancer cells with shortened telomeres and identify the key mediators in telomere shortening-induced damage to those cells. Of 870 identified proteins, 98 were differentially expressed in shortened-telomere cells. 47 microRNAs were differentially expressed in these cells; some are implicated in growth arrest or act as oncogene repressors. The obtained data was used for a network construction, which provided us with nodal candidates that may mediate the shortened-telomere dependent features. These proteins' expression was experimentally validated, supporting their potential central role in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Uziel
- FMRC, RMC, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - N Yosef
- School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - R Sharan
- School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - E Ruppin
- School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - M Kupiec
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - E Beery
- FMRC, RMC, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - T Cohen-Diker
- FMRC, RMC, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - J Nordenberg
- FMRC, RMC, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - M Lahav
- FMRC, RMC, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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Santidrian AF, LeBoeuf SE, Wold ED, Ritland M, Forsyth JS, Felding BH. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase can affect metastatic activity and cell adhesive functions by regulating integrins in breast cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2014; 23:79-87. [PMID: 25263164 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NAD(+) metabolism is an essential regulator of cellular redox reactions, energy pathways, and a substrate provider for NAD(+) consuming enzymes. We recently demonstrated that enhancement of NAD(+)/NADH levels in breast cancer cells with impaired mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase activity, through augmentation of complex I or by supplementing tumor cell nutrients with NAD(+) precursors, inhibits tumorigenicity and metastasis. To more fully understand how aberrantly low NAD(+) levels promote tumor cell dissemination, we here asked whether inhibition of NAD(+) salvage pathway activity by reduction in nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) expression can impact metastasis and tumor cell adhesive functions. We show that knockdown of NAMPT, the enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step of the NAD(+) salvage pathway, enhances metastatic aggressiveness in human breast cancer cells and involves modulation of integrin expression and function. Reduction in NAMPT expression is associated with upregulation of select adhesion receptors, particularly αvβ3 and β1 integrins, and results in increased breast cancer cell attachment to extracellular matrix proteins, a key function in tumor cell dissemination. Interestingly, NAMPT downregulation prompts expression of integrin αvβ3 in a high affinity conformation, known to promote tumor cell adhesive interactions during hematogenous metastasis. NAMPT has been selected as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy based on the essential functions of this enzyme in NAD(+) metabolism, cellular redox, DNA repair and energy pathways. Notably, our results indicate that incomplete inhibition of NAMPT, which impedes NAD(+) metabolism but does not kill a tumor cell can alter its phenotype to be more aggressive and metastatic. This phenomenon could promote cancer recurrence, even if NAMPT inhibition initially reduces tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio F Santidrian
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Sarah E LeBoeuf
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Erik D Wold
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Melissa Ritland
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Jane S Forsyth
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Brunhilde H Felding
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Bułdak RJ, Skonieczna M, Bułdak Ł, Matysiak N, Mielańczyk Ł, Wyrobiec G, Kukla M, Michalski M, Żwirska-Korczala K. Changes in subcellular localization of visfatin in human colorectal HCT-116 carcinoma cell line after cytochalasin B treatment. Eur J Histochem 2014; 58:2408. [PMID: 25308845 PMCID: PMC4194393 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2014.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the expression and subcellular localization of visfatin in HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cells after cytokinesis failure using Cytochalasin B (CytB) and the mechanism of apoptosis of cells after CytB. We observed translocation of visfatin’s antigen in cytB treated colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells from cytosol to nucleus. Statistical and morphometric analysis revealed significantly higher area-related numerical density visfatin-bound nano-golds in the nuclei of cytB-treated HCT-116 cells compared to cytosol. Reverse relation to visfatin subcellular localization was observed in un-treated HCT-116 cells. The total amount of visfatin protein and visfatin mRNA level in HCT-116 cells was also decreased after CytB treatment. Additionally, CytB significantly decreased cell survival, increased levels of G2/M fractions, induced bi-nuclei formation as well as increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HCT-116 cells. CytB treatment showed cytotoxic effect that stem from oxidative stress and is connected with the changes in the cytoplasmic/nuclear amount of visfatin in HCT-116 cells.
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Newhook TE, Blais EM, Lindberg JM, Adair SJ, Xin W, Lee JK, Papin JA, Parsons JT, Bauer TW. A thirteen-gene expression signature predicts survival of patients with pancreatic cancer and identifies new genes of interest. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105631. [PMID: 25180633 PMCID: PMC4152146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, prognostication for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is based upon a coarse clinical staging system. Thus, more accurate prognostic tests are needed for PDAC patients to aid treatment decisions. METHODS AND FINDINGS Affymetrix gene expression profiling was carried out on 15 human PDAC tumors and from the data we identified a 13-gene expression signature (risk score) that correlated with patient survival. The gene expression risk score was then independently validated using published gene expression data and survival data for an additional 101 patients with pancreatic cancer. Patients with high-risk scores had significantly higher risk of death compared to patients with low-risk scores (HR 2.27, p = 0.002). When the 13-gene score was combined with lymph node status the risk-score further discriminated the length of patient survival time (p<0.001). Patients with a high-risk score had poor survival independent of nodal status; however, nodal status increased predictability for survival in patients with a low-risk gene signature score (low-risk N1 vs. low-risk N0: HR = 2.0, p = 0.002). While AJCC stage correlated with patient survival (p = 0.03), the 13-gene score was superior at predicting survival. Of the 13 genes comprising the predictive model, four have been shown to be important in PDAC, six are unreported in PDAC but important in other cancers, and three are unreported in any cancer. CONCLUSIONS We identified a 13-gene expression signature that predicts survival of PDAC patients and could prove useful for making treatment decisions. This risk score should be evaluated prospectively in clinical trials for prognostication and for predicting response to chemotherapy. Investigation of new genes identified in our model may lead to novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. Newhook
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Edik M. Blais
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - James M. Lindberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sara J. Adair
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Wenjun Xin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jae K. Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jason A. Papin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - J. Thomas Parsons
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Todd W. Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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Del Valle PR, Milani C, Brentani MM, Katayama MLH, de Lyra EC, Carraro DM, Brentani H, Puga R, Lima LA, Rozenchan PB, Nunes BDS, Góes JCGS, Azevedo Koike Folgueira MA. Transcriptional profile of fibroblasts obtained from the primary site, lymph node and bone marrow of breast cancer patients. Genet Mol Biol 2014; 37:480-9. [PMID: 25249769 PMCID: PMC4171766 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) influence tumor development at primary as well as in metastatic sites, but there have been no direct comparisons of the transcriptional profiles of stromal cells from different tumor sites. In this study, we used customized cDNA microarrays to compare the gene expression profile of stromal cells from primary tumor (CAF, n = 4), lymph node metastasis (N+, n = 3) and bone marrow (BM, n = 4) obtained from breast cancer patients. Biological validation was done in another 16 samples by RT-qPCR. Differences between CAF vs N+, CAF vs BM and N+ vs BM were represented by 20, 235 and 245 genes, respectively (SAM test, FDR < 0.01). Functional analysis revealed that genes related to development and morphogenesis were overrepresented. In a biological validation set, NOTCH2 was confirmed to be more expressed in N+ (vs CAF) and ADCY2, HECTD1, HNMT, LOX, MACF1, SLC1A3 and USP16 more expressed in BM (vs CAF). Only small differences were observed in the transcriptional profiles of fibroblasts from the primary tumor and lymph node of breast cancer patients, whereas greater differences were observed between bone marrow stromal cells and the other two sites. These differences may reflect the activities of distinct differentiation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto Del Valle
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Cintia Milani
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Maria Mitzi Brentani
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Hirata Katayama
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | | | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa e Ensino , Hospital A.C. Camargo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- Departamento de Psiquiatria , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Renato Puga
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa e Ensino , Hospital A.C. Camargo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Leandro A Lima
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa e Ensino , Hospital A.C. Camargo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Patricia Bortman Rozenchan
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Bárbara Dos Santos Nunes
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia , Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
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