1
|
Jiang H, Jiang J. Balancing act: the complex role of NK cells in immune regulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275028. [PMID: 38022497 PMCID: PMC10652757 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, as fundamental components of innate immunity, can quickly react to abnormalities within the body. In-depth research has revealed that NK cells possess regulatory functions not only in innate immunity but also in adaptive immunity under various conditions. Multiple aspects of the adaptive immune process are regulated through NK cells. In our review, we have integrated multiple studies to illuminate the regulatory function of NK cells in regulating B cell and T cell responses during adaptive immune processes, focusing on aspects including viral infections and the tumor microenvironment (TME). These insights provide us with many new understandings on how NK cells regulate different phases of the adaptive immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute for Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute for Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mylod E, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Natural killer cell therapy: A new frontier for obesity-associated cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 535:215620. [PMID: 35283210 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell infiltration of solid tumours is associated with better outcomes, placing augmentation of NK cell abundance in tumours as an attractive immunotherapeutic approach. The unique ability of NK cells to target cancer cells without antigen specificity increases their versatility and applicability as an immunotherapeutic tool. However, successful utilisation of NK cell-based therapies in solid tumours is still at an early stage. Obesity has become a global health epidemic, and the prevalence of obesity-associated cancers has significantly increased. Obesity-associated malignancies provide a unique challenge for the successful application of cell-based immunotherapies including NK cell-based therapies because significant numbers of NK and T cells are recruited to the visceral adipose tissue at the expense of successful tumour infiltration and eradication. As such, immunotherapy efficacy has been disappointing for obesity-associated malignancies such as oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. Therefore, immunotherapies for obesity-associated cancers warrant our further attention. Indeed, it is becoming ever more obvious that more innovative approaches are needed to re-invigorate anti-tumour immunity and overcome immune exclusion in such tumours. In this review, we briefly summarise the dysfunctionality of NK cells in obesity-associated cancer. We outline the NK cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches which hold promise as effective treatments in this disease space, including CAR-NK cells. Furthermore, we suggest future avenues which possess the potential to transform immunotherapy and specifically NK cell therapy efficacy for obesity-associated cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 8, Ireland; Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghilas S, Ambrosini M, Cancel JC, Brousse C, Massé M, Lelouard H, Dalod M, Crozat K. Natural killer cells and dendritic epidermal γδ T cells orchestrate type 1 conventional DC spatiotemporal repositioning toward CD8 + T cells. iScience 2021; 24:103059. [PMID: 34568787 PMCID: PMC8449251 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful immune responses rely on a regulated delivery of the right signals to the right cells at the right time. Here we show that natural killer (NK) and dendritic epidermal γδ T cells (DETCs) use similar mechanisms to spatiotemporally orchestrate conventional type 1 dendritic cell (cDC1) functions in the spleen, skin, and its draining lymph nodes (dLNs). Upon MCMV infection in the spleen, cDC1 clusterize with activated NK cells in marginal zones. This XCR1-dependent repositioning of cDC1 toward NK cells allows contact delivery of IL-12 and IL-15/IL-15Rα by cDC1, which is critical for NK cell responses. NK cells deliver granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to cDC1, guiding their CCR7-dependent relocalization into the T cell zone. In MCMV-infected skin, XCL1-secreting DETCs promote cDC1 migration from the skin to the dLNs. This XCR1-dependent licensing of cDC1 both in the spleen and skin accelerates antiviral CD8+ T cell responses, revealing an additional mechanism through which cDC1 bridge innate and adaptive immunity. Upon viral infection in the spleen, NK cells clusterize with cDC1 in the marginal zone This XCL1/XCR1-dependent interaction allows mutual delivery of activating signals NK cell GM-CSF directs cDC1 migration to T cell zone boosting CD8+ T cell priming In the skin, DETCs contact cDC1 via XCL1/XCR1 to promote antiviral CD8+ T cell priming
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ghilas
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Ambrosini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Charles Cancel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Carine Brousse
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Marion Massé
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Hugues Lelouard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Dalod
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Crozat
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Doherty DG. Immunity, tolerance and autoimmunity in the liver: A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun 2015; 66:60-75. [PMID: 26358406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hepatic immune system is constantly exposed to a massive load of harmless dietary and commensal antigens, to which it must remain tolerant. Immune tolerance in the liver is mediated by a number of specialized antigen-presenting cells, including dendritic cells, Kupffer cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells. These cells are capable of presenting antigens to T cells leading to T cell apoptosis, anergy, or differentiation into regulatory T cells. However, the hepatic immune system must also be able to respond to pathogens and tumours and therefore must be equipped with mechanisms to override immune tolerance. The liver is a site of accumulation of a number of innate lymphocyte populations, including natural killer cells, CD56(+) T cells, natural killer T cells, γδ T cells, and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. Innate lymphocytes recognize conserved metabolites derived from microorganisms and host cells and respond by killing target cells or promoting the differentiation and/or activation of other cells of the immune system. Innate lymphocytes can promote the maturation of antigen-presenting cells from their precursors and thereby contribute to the generation of immunogenic T cell responses. These cells may be responsible for overriding hepatic immune tolerance to autoantigens, resulting in the induction and maintenance of autoreactive T cells that mediate liver injury causing autoimmune liver disease. Some innate lymphocyte populations can also directly mediate liver injury by killing hepatocytes or bile duct cells in murine models of hepatitis, whilst other populations may protect against liver disease. It is likely that innate lymphocyte populations can promote or protect against autoimmune liver disease in humans and that these cells can be targeted therapeutically. Here I review the cellular mechanisms by which hepatic antigen-presenting cells and innate lymphocytes control the balance between immunity, tolerance and autoimmunity in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek G Doherty
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deauvieau F, Ollion V, Doffin AC, Achard C, Fonteneau JF, Verronese E, Durand I, Ghittoni R, Marvel J, Dezutter-Dambuyant C, Walzer T, Vie H, Perrot I, Goutagny N, Caux C, Valladeau-Guilemond J. Human natural killer cells promote cross-presentation of tumor cell-derived antigens by dendritic cells. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:1085-94. [PMID: 25046660 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) cross-present antigen (Ag) to initiate T-cell immunity against most infections and tumors. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate cytolytic lymphocytes that have emerged as key modulators of multiple DC functions. Here, we show that human NK cells promote cross-presentation of tumor cell-derived Ag by DC leading to Ag-specific CD8(+) T-cell activation. Surprisingly, cytotoxic function of NK cells was not required. Instead, we highlight a critical and nonredundant role for IFN-γ and TNF-α production by NK cells to enhance cross-presentation by DC using two different Ag models. Importantly, we observed that NK cells promote cell-associated Ag cross-presentation selectively by monocytes-derived DC (Mo-DC) and CD34-derived CD11b(neg) CD141(high) DC subsets but not by myeloid CD11b(+) DC. Moreover, we demonstrate that triggering NK cell activation by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)-coated tumor cells leads to efficient DC cross-presentation, supporting the concept that NK cells can contribute to therapeutic mAbs efficiency by inducing downstream adaptive immunity. Taken together, our findings point toward a novel role of human NK cells bridging innate and adaptive immunity through selective induction of cell-associated Ag cross-presentation by CD141(high) DC, a process that could be exploited to better harness Ag-specific cellular immunity in immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Deauvieau
- Inserm UMR-S1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; UNIV UMR1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ferlazzo G, Morandi B. Cross-Talks between Natural Killer Cells and Distinct Subsets of Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2014; 5:159. [PMID: 24782864 PMCID: PMC3989561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the essential role of bi-directional cross-talk between natural killer (NK) and dendritic cells (DC) during immune responses has been clearly elucidated. In particular, this cross-talk results in the development of an efficient innate response, through DC-mediated NK cell activation, and a potent adaptive immune response, through NK-mediate DC editing and maturation. Recently, some novel human DC subsets have been identified: migratory DCs in afferent lymph and draining lymph nodes; CLEC9A+/BDCA3+ (CD141) DCs in interstitial dermis, liver, lung; inflammatory DCs in several inflammatory fluids. At the same time, it has been shown that also human NK cells are present in these compartments. Here, we will review the most recent findings on NK/DC cross-talk and we will discuss the necessity of acquiring more complete knowledge about these interactions in view of the new information available on both DC and NK cell subsets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Ferlazzo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina , Messina , Italy ; Cellular Therapy Program, University Hospital Policlinico G. Martino , Messina , Italy
| | - Barbara Morandi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huhtala T, Kaikkonen MU, Lesch HP, Viitala S, Ylä-Herttuala S, Närvänen A. Biodistribution and antitumor effect of Cetuximab-targeted lentivirus. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 41:77-83. [PMID: 24267054 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Viral vectors are central tools for gene therapy. Targeting of the vector to desired tissues followed by expression of the therapeutic gene forms one of the most critical points in effective therapy. In this study we used streptavidin-displaying lentivirus conjugated to biotinylated anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody (Cetuximab) to target vector specifically to ovarian tumors. Biodistribution of the targeted virus was studied in nude mice with orthotropic SKOV-3m human ovarian carcinoma xenografts. Radiolabeled antibodies were conjugated to streptavidin-displaying lentiviruses and biodistribution of the virus after the intravenous delivery to tumor-bearing mice was monitored up to 6 days using combined SPECT/CT imaging modality. Organ samples were collected post mortem and specific organ activities were measured. The integration of lentivirus vectors in collected tissue samples was analyzed using qPCR and the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgene was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results showed that lentiviruses conjugated to Cetuximab (Cet-LV) or control human IgG (IgG-LV) accumulated mainly to the liver and spleen of the mice and to lower extent to lung, kidneys and tumors. Strikingly, in 50% of the mice injected with cetuximab-targeted lentivirus no tumor tissue was found, whereas the remaining half showed a significant decrease in tumor size. We hypothesize/present data that lentivirus-mediated INF-αβ production together with tumor targeting could function as an effective antitumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuulia Huhtala
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen institute, Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, P.O.B. 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Biocenter Kuopio, P.O.B. 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lion E, Smits ELJM, Berneman ZN, Van Tendeloo VFI. NK cells: key to success of DC-based cancer vaccines? Oncologist 2012; 17:1256-70. [PMID: 22907975 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic and regulatory antitumor functions of natural killer (NK) cells have become attractive targets for immunotherapy. Manipulation of specific NK cell functions and their reciprocal interactions with dendritic cells (DCs) might hold therapeutic promise. In this review, we focus on the engagement of NK cells in DC-based cancer vaccination strategies, providing a comprehensive overview of current in vivo experimental and clinical DC vaccination studies encompassing the monitoring of NK cells. From these studies, it is clear that NK cells play a key regulatory role in the generation of DC-induced antitumor immunity, favoring the concept that targeting both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms may synergistically promote clinical outcome. However, to date, DC vaccination trials are only infrequently accompanied by NK cell monitoring. Here, we discuss different strategies to improve DC vaccine preparations via exploitation of NK cells and provide a summary of relevant NK cell parameters for immune monitoring. We underscore that the design of DC-based cancer vaccines should include the evaluation of their NK cell stimulating potency both in the preclinical phase and in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lion
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, TIGR, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, B-2650 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Deformylases are metalloproteases in bacteria, plants, and humans that remove the N-formyl-methionine off peptides in vitro. The human homolog of peptide deformylase (HsPDF) resides in the mitochondria, along with its putative formylated substrates; however, the cellular function of HsPDF remains elusive. Here we report on the function of HsPDF in mitochondrial translation and oxidative phosphorylation complex biogenesis. Functional HsPDF appears to be necessary for the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA-encoded proteins and assembly of new respiratory complexes containing these proteins. Consequently, inhibition of HsPDF reduces respiratory function and cellular ATP levels, causing dependence on aerobic glycolysis for cell survival. A series of structurally different HsPDF inhibitors and control peptidase inhibitors confirmed that inhibition of HsPDF decreases mtDNA-encoded protein accumulation. Therefore, HsPDF appears to have a role in maintenance of mitochondrial respiratory function, and this function is analogous to that of chloroplast PDF.
Collapse
|
10
|
Marcenaro E, Chiesa MD, Pesce S, Agaugué S, Moretta A. THE NK/DC COMPLOT. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 633:7-16. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79311-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
11
|
Gustafsson K, Ingelsten M, Bergqvist L, Nyström J, Andersson B, Karlsson-Parra A. Recruitment and activation of natural killer cells in vitro by a human dendritic cell vaccine. Cancer Res 2008; 68:5965-71. [PMID: 18632652 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-6494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recruitment of circulating natural killer (NK) cells into inflamed lymph nodes is known to provide a potent, IFN-gamma-dependent boost for Th1-polarized immune responses in mouse models. Such NK cell recruitment into draining lymph nodes is induced by certain s.c. injected adjuvants, including mature vaccine dendritic cells (DC), and is mediated by a CXCR3-dependent pathway. Here, we show that monocyte-derived immature human DCs stimulated with polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid, IFN-alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and IFN-gamma, alpha-type 1-polarized DC (alpha DC1), secrete profuse amounts of the CXCR3 ligand CXCL9/MIG and substantial amounts of CXCL10/IP-10 and CXCL11/I-TAC after withdrawal of maturation stimuli. In sharp contrast, no measurable production of these chemokines was found in DCs after maturation with the current gold standard maturation cocktail for human DC-based cancer vaccines consisting of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and prostaglandin-E(2) (PGE(2)-DC). PGE(2)-DCs preferentially produced the Th2 and regulatory T-cell-attracting chemokines CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC, whereas only marginal levels of these chemokines were produced by alpha DC1s. Functional studies in vitro showed that supernatants from mature alpha DC1s actively recruited CD3(-)CD56(+) NK cells and that adding anti-CXCL9/MIG antibodies to the alpha DC1 supernatant substantially reduced this recruitment. Finally, alpha DC1s were able to induce IFN-gamma production when cocultured with resting autologous NK cells, but only if concurrent CD40 ligation was provided. These novel findings indicate that injected human alpha DC1-based vaccines have the potential to recruit and activate NK cells during their arrival to draining lymph nodes and that this feature may be of relevance for efficient priming of Th1 cells and CTLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Gustafsson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu C, Lou Y, Lizée G, Qin H, Liu S, Rabinovich B, Kim GJ, Wang YH, Ye Y, Sikora AG, Overwijk WW, Liu YJ, Wang G, Hwu P. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells induce NK cell-dependent, tumor antigen-specific T cell cross-priming and tumor regression in mice. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:1165-75. [PMID: 18259609 DOI: 10.1172/jci33583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A prerequisite for strong adaptive antiviral immunity is the robust initial activation of the innate immune system, which is frequently mediated by TLR-activated plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Natural antitumor immunity is often comparatively weak, potentially due to the lack of TLR-mediated activation signals within the tumor microenvironment. To assess whether pDCs are capable of directly facilitating effective antitumor immune responses, mice bearing established subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumors were administered TLR9-activated pDCs directly into the tumor. We found that TLR9-activated pDCs induced robust, spontaneous CTL cross-priming against multiple B16 tumor antigens, leading to the regression of both treated tumors and untreated tumors at distant contralateral sites. This T cell cross-priming was mediated by conventional DCs (cDCs) and was completely dependent upon the early recruitment and activation of NK cells at the tumor site. NK cell recruitment was mediated by CCR5 via chemokines secreted by pDCs, and optimal IFN-gamma production by NK cells was mediated by OX40L expressed by pDCs. Our data thus demonstrated that activated pDCs are capable of initiating effective and systemic antitumor immunity through the orchestration of an immune cascade involving the sequential activation of NK cells, cDCs, and CD8(+) T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Liu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lim DS, Kim JH, Lee DS, Yoon CH, Bae YS. DC immunotherapy is highly effective for the inhibition of tumor metastasis or recurrence, although it is not efficient for the eradication of established solid tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:1817-29. [PMID: 17443323 PMCID: PMC11029899 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has not been as effective as expected in most solid tumors even in the murine model, particularly in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Our investigation was initiated to identify what causes the limitations of DC-based immunotherapy in solid RCC. We have investigated immunosuppressive factors from tumors and their effects on DC migration, as well as cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and lymphocyte infiltration into the tumor mass upon vaccination with mouse renal adenocarcinoma (Renca) cell lysate-pulsed bone marrow (Bm)-derived DC in tumor-bearing mice. We also investigated pulmonary metastasis- and tumor recurrence-inhibitory effects of DC-vaccination in the solid tumor-bearing mice. In these experiments, we found that the limitations of DC-based immunotherapy to solid RCC likely result from tumor-mediated TGF-beta hindrance of immune attack rather than insufficient immune induction by DC therapy. In fact, the CTL response induced by DC therapy was quite sufficient and functional for the inhibition of tumor recurrence after surgery or of tumor metastasis induced by additional tumor-challenge to the tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, our present results obtained in mouse model suggest the potential of DC immunotherapy in tumor patients for hindering or blocking disease progression by inhibition of tumor metastasis and/or tumor recurrence after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Seog Lim
- Research Institute for DC immunotherapy, CreaGene Inc., 2F Jungang Induspia V, 138-6 Sangdaewon-dong, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 462-120 South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Kim
- Research Institute for DC immunotherapy, CreaGene Inc., 2F Jungang Induspia V, 138-6 Sangdaewon-dong, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 462-120 South Korea
| | - Dong-Seong Lee
- Research Institute for DC immunotherapy, CreaGene Inc., 2F Jungang Induspia V, 138-6 Sangdaewon-dong, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 462-120 South Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Yoon
- Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 440–746 South Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Research Institute for DC immunotherapy, CreaGene Inc., 2F Jungang Induspia V, 138-6 Sangdaewon-dong, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 462-120 South Korea
- Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 440–746 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|