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Coleman D, Kuwada S. miRNA as a Biomarker for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:338. [PMID: 38540397 PMCID: PMC10969835 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA segments that can be detected in a variety of clinical samples, including serum, stool, and urine. While miRNAs were initially known for their effect on post-translational gene expression, the last decade of research has shown them to be promising biomarkers for the detection of many types of cancer. This paper explores the use of miRNA detection as a tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We discuss the current state of miRNA detection, compare it to the existing CRC screening tools, and highlight the advantages and drawbacks of this approach from a clinical and logistical perspective. Our research finds that miRNA-based tests for CRC show great potential, but that widespread clinical adoption will be conditional on future research overcoming key hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coleman
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Scott Kuwada
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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2
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Lawler T, Parlato L, Warren Andersen S. Racial disparities in colorectal cancer clinicopathological and molecular tumor characteristics: a systematic review. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:223-239. [PMID: 37688643 PMCID: PMC11090693 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE African Americans have the highest colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality of all racial groups in the USA, which may relate to differences in healthcare access or advanced stage at diagnosis. Recent evidence indicates that differences in tumor characteristics may also underlie disparities in mortality. To highlight recent findings and areas for investigation, we completed the first systematic review of racial disparities in CRC tumor prognostic markers, including clinicopathological markers, microsatellite instability (MSI), oncogene mutations, and novel markers, including cancer stem cells and immune markers. METHODS Relevant studies were identified via PubMed, limited to original research published within the last 10 years. Ninety-six articles were identified that compared the prevalence of mortality-related CRC tumor characteristics in African Americans (or other African ancestry populations) to White cases. RESULTS Tumors from African ancestry cases are approximately 10% more likely to contain mutations in KRAS, which confer elevated mortality and resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition. Conversely, African Americans have approximately 50% lower odds for BRAF-mutant tumors, which occur less frequently but have similar effects on mortality and therapeutic resistance. There is less consistent evidence supporting disparities in mutations for other oncogenes, including PIK3CA, TP53, APC, NRAS, HER2, and PTEN, although higher rates of PIK3CA mutations and lower prevalence of MSI status for African ancestry cases are supported by recent evidence. Although emerging evidence suggests that immune markers reflecting anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment may be lower for African American cases, there is insufficient evidence to evaluate disparities in other novel markers, cancer stem cells, microRNAs, and the consensus molecular subtypes. CONCLUSION Higher rates of KRAS-mutant tumors in in African Americans may contribute to disparities in CRC mortality. Additional work is required to understand whether emerging markers, including immune cells, underlie the elevated CRC mortality observed for African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lawler
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lisa Parlato
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shaneda Warren Andersen
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Suite 1007B, WARF, 610 Walnut Street, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
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Elhag DA, Al Khodor S. Exploring the potential of microRNA as a diagnostic tool for gestational diabetes. J Transl Med 2023; 21:392. [PMID: 37330548 PMCID: PMC10276491 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating host gene expression. Recent studies have indicated a role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a common pregnancy-related disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been observed in the placenta and/or maternal blood of GDM patients, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis. Additionally, several miRNAs have been shown to modulate key signaling pathways involved in glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation, providing insights into the pathophysiology of GDM. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the dynamics of miRNA in pregnancy, their role in GDM as well as their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa Ahmed Elhag
- Maternal and Child Health Division, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Souhaila Al Khodor
- Maternal and Child Health Division, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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Antonova E, Hambikova A, Shcherbakov D, Sukhov V, Vysochanskaya S, Fadeeva I, Gorshenin D, Sidorova E, Kashutina M, Zhdanova A, Mitrokhin O, Avvakumova N, Zhernov Y. Determination of Common microRNA Biomarker Candidates in Stage IV Melanoma Patients and a Human Melanoma Cell Line: A Potential Anti-Melanoma Agent Screening Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119160. [PMID: 37298110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNA expression is commonly observed in cancer, and it can contribute to malignant cell growth. Melanoma is the most fatal type of skin malignant neoplasia. Some microRNAs can be prospective biomarkers for melanoma in stage IV (advanced) at higher risk of relapses and require validation for diagnostic purposes. This work aimed to (1) determine the most significant microRNA biomarker candidates in melanoma using content analysis of the scientific literature, (2) to show microRNA biomarker candidates' diagnostic efficacy between melanoma patients and healthy control groups in a small-scale preliminary study by blood plasma PCR analysis, (3) to determine significant microRNA markers of the MelCher human melanoma cell line, which are also detected in patients with melanoma, that can be used as markers of drug anti-melanoma activity, and (4) test anti-melanoma activity of humic substances and chitosan by their ability to reduce level of marker microRNAs. The content analysis of the scientific literature showed that hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-193a-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p are promising microRNA biomarker candidates for diagnosing melanoma. Estimating microRNA in plasma samples showed that hsa-miR-150-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p may have a diagnostic value for melanoma in stage IV (advanced). When comparing ΔCt hsa-miR-150-5p and ΔCt hsa-miR-155-5p levels in melanoma patients and healthy donors, statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Rates ΔCt were significantly higher among melanoma patients (medians concerning the reference gene miR-320a were 1.63 (1.435; 2.975) and 6.345 (4.45; 6.98), respectively). Therefore, they persist only in plasma from the melanoma patients group but not in the healthy donors group. In human wild-type stage IV melanoma (MelCher) cell culture, the presence of hsa-miR-150-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p in supernatant was detected. The ability of humic substance fractions and chitosan to reduce levels of hsa-miR-150-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p was tested on MelCher cultures, which is associated with anti-melanoma activity. It was found that the hymatomelanic acid (HMA) fraction and its subfraction UPLC-HMA statistically significantly reduced the expression of miR-150-5p and miR-155-5p (p ≤ 0.05). For the humic acid (HA) fraction, this activity was determined only to reduce miR-155-5p (p ≤ 0.05). Ability to reduce miR-150-5p and miR-155-5p expression on MelCher cultures was not determined for chitosan fractions with a molecular weight of 10 kDa, 120 kDa, or 500 kDa. Anti-melanoma activity was also determined in the MTT test on MelCher cultures for explored substances. The median toxic concentration (TC50) was determined for HA, HMA and UPLC-HMA (39.3, 39.7 and 52.0 μg/mL, respectively). For 10 kDa, 120 kDa, or 500 kDa chitosan fractions TC50 was much higher compared to humic substances (508.9, 6615.9, 11352.3 μg/mL, respectively). Thus, our pilot study identified significant microRNAs for testing the in vitro anti-melanoma activity of promising drugs and melanoma diagnostics in patients. Using human melanoma cell cultures gives opportunities to test new drugs on a culture that has a microRNA profile similar to that of patients with melanoma, unlike, for example, murine melanoma cell cultures. It is necessary to conduct further studies with a large number of volunteers, which will make it possible to correlate the profile of individual microRNAs with specific patient data, including the correlation of the microRNA profile with the stage of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Antonova
- Research Center for Fundamental and Applied Problems of Bioecology and Biotechnology, I.N. Ulyanov Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, 432700 Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia Hambikova
- Research Center for Fundamental and Applied Problems of Bioecology and Biotechnology, I.N. Ulyanov Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, 432700 Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - Denis Shcherbakov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly Sukhov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sonya Vysochanskaya
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna Fadeeva
- Department of English Language, Institute of World Economy, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Gorshenin
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, National Research Center-Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Sidorova
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Kashutina
- Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Public Health Promotion, National Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy, Clinical Pharmacology and Emergency Medicine, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina Zhdanova
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Samara State Medical University, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Oleg Mitrokhin
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Avvakumova
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Samara State Medical University, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Yury Zhernov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Medical Anthropology, N.N. Miklukho-Maclay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
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Gobin C, Inkabi S, Lattimore CC, Gu T, Menefee JN, Rodriguez M, Kates H, Fields C, Bian T, Silver N, Xing C, Yates C, Renne R, Xie M, Fredenburg KM. Investigating miR-9 as a mediator in laryngeal cancer health disparities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1096882. [PMID: 37081981 PMCID: PMC10112398 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1096882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background For several decades, Black patients have carried a higher burden of laryngeal cancer among all races. Even when accounting for sociodemographics, a disparity remains. Differentially expressed microRNAs have been linked to racially disparate clinical outcomes in breast and prostate cancers, yet an association in laryngeal cancer has not been addressed. In this study, we present our computational analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in Black compared with White laryngeal cancer and further validate microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p) as a potential mediator of cancer phenotype and chemoresistance. Methods Bioinformatic analysis of 111 (92 Whites, 19 Black) laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) specimens from the TCGA revealed miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in Black compared with White LSCC. We focused on miR-9-5 p which had a significant 4-fold lower expression in Black compared with White LSCC (p<0.05). After transient transfection with either miR-9 mimic or inhibitor in cell lines derived from Black (UM-SCC-12) or White LSCC patients (UM-SCC-10A), cellular migration and cell proliferation was assessed. Alterations in cisplatin sensitivity was evaluated in transient transfected cells via IC50 analysis. qPCR was performed on transfected cells to evaluate miR-9 targets and chemoresistance predictors, ABCC1 and MAP1B. Results Northern blot analysis revealed mature miR-9-5p was inherently lower in cell line UM-SCC-12 compared with UM-SCC-10A. UM -SCC-12 had baseline increase in cellular migration (p < 0.01), proliferation (p < 0.0001) and chemosensitivity (p < 0.01) compared to UM-SCC-10A. Increasing miR-9 in UM-SCC-12 cells resulted in decreased cellular migration (p < 0.05), decreased proliferation (p < 0.0001) and increased sensitivity to cisplatin (p < 0.001). Reducing miR-9 in UM-SCC-10A cells resulted in increased cellular migration (p < 0.05), increased proliferation (p < 0.05) and decreased sensitivity to cisplatin (p < 0.01). A significant inverse relationship in ABCC1 and MAP1B gene expression was observed when miR-9 levels were transiently elevated or reduced in either UM-SCC-12 or UM-SCC-10A cell lines, respectively, suggesting modulation by miR-9. Conclusion Collectively, these studies introduce differential miRNA expression in LSCC cancer health disparities and propose a role for low miR-9-5p as a mediator in LSCC tumorigenesis and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gobin
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Samuel Inkabi
- College of Graduate Health Studies, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO, United States
| | - Chayil C. Lattimore
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Tongjun Gu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - James N. Menefee
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mayrangela Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Heather Kates
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christopher Fields
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Natalie Silver
- Head and Neck Institute/Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rolf Renne
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mingyi Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kristianna M. Fredenburg
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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6
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Mestry C, Ashavaid TF, Shah SA. Key methodological challenges in detecting circulating miRNAs in different biofluids. Ann Clin Biochem 2023; 60:14-26. [PMID: 36113172 DOI: 10.1177/00045632221129778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The technological advancement in diagnostic techniques has immensely improved the capability of predicting disease progression. Yet, there is a great interest in developing newer biomarkers that can enhance disease risk prediction thereby minimising the associated morbidity and mortality. Circulating miRNAs, a non-coding RNA molecule, are critical regulators in the pathophysiology of various complex multifactorial diseases. In recent years, circulating miRNAs have been enormously studied and are considered as an emerging biomarker due to their easy accessibility, stability, and detection by sequence-specific amplification methods. However, there is a distinct lack of consensus regarding the preanalytical factors such as preferred sample selection, methodological aspects, etc that may independently or together influence the detection of circulating miRNAs resulting in erroneous expression profiles. Therefore, the present review makes an attempt to highlight the various pre-analytical and analytical factors that can potentially influence the circulating miRNA levels. Literature on circulating miRNA's stability, processing and quantitation in different biofluids along with the effect of various controllable and uncontrollable factors influencing circulating miRNA expression have been summarised in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Mestry
- Research Laboratories, 29537P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Tester F Ashavaid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Swarup Av Shah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
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Guo X, Jiao H, Cao L, Meng F. Biological implications and clinical potential of invasion and migration related miRNAs in glioma. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:989029. [DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.989029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors and are highly aggressive. Invasion and migration are the main causes of poor prognosis and treatment resistance in gliomas. As migration and invasion occur, patient survival and prognosis decline dramatically. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding 21–23 nucleotides involved in regulating the malignant phenotype of gliomas, including migration and invasion. Numerous studies have demonstrated the mechanism and function of some miRNAs in glioma migration and invasion. However, the biological and clinical significance (including diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy) of glioma migration and invasion-related miRNAs have not been systematically discussed. This paper reviews the progress of miRNAs-mediated migration and invasion studies in glioma and discusses the clinical value of migration and invasion-related miRNAs as potential biomarkers or targeted therapies for glioma. In addition, these findings are expected to translate into future directions and challenges for clinical applications. Although many biomarkers and their biological roles in glioma invasion and migration have been identified, none have been specific so far, and further exploration of clinical treatment is still in progress; therefore, we aimed to further identify specific markers that may guide clinical treatment and improve the quality of patient survival.
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Kulkarni A, Gayathrinathan S, Nair S, Basu A, Al-Hilal TA, Roy S. Regulatory Roles of Noncoding RNAs in the Progression of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Health Disparities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152448. [PMID: 35954293 PMCID: PMC9367924 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Annually, more than a million individuals are diagnosed with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers worldwide. With the advancements in radio- and chemotherapy and surgery, the survival rates for GI cancer patients have improved in recent years. However, the prognosis for advanced-stage GI cancers remains poor. Site-specific GI cancers share a few common risk factors; however, they are largely distinct in their etiologies and descriptive epidemiologic profiles. A large number of mutations or copy number changes associated with carcinogenesis are commonly found in noncoding DNA regions, which transcribe several noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are implicated to regulate cancer initiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we summarize the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in GI cancer development, progression, chemoresistance, and health disparities. We also highlight the potential roles of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers, mainly focusing on their ethnicity-/race-specific prognostic value, and discuss the prospects of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate the contribution of ncRNAs in GI tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Kulkarni
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Sharan Gayathrinathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Soumya Nair
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Anamika Basu
- Copper Mountain College, Joshua Tree, CA 92252, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Taslim A. Al-Hilal
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Correspondence:
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Wang D, Agrawal R, Zou S, Haseeb MA, Gupta R. Anatomic location of colorectal cancer presents a new paradigm for its prognosis in African American patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271629. [PMID: 35905109 PMCID: PMC9337663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all racial groups in the U.S., African Americans (AA) have the highest incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). Although socioeconomic factors, as the major contributors to racial disparity of CRC, have been widely investigated, there is a dearth of information germane to understanding its biological basis. To better elucidate the clinicopathologic features we extracted demographic, clinical, pathologic and molecular features of 500 consecutive cases of CRC diagnosed at our institution which has an AA-predominant patient population (75% of all patients). We compared data from our AA patients with those of white patients both from our institution and from SEER and the published literature for meaningful comparison. AA patients were more likely to be at an advanced disease stage (25.9% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.041), have low grade tumors (89.2% vs. 77.5%, p<0.001) in cecum (18.7% vs. 16.2%, p<0.001) and <60-years-old than white patients (31.8% vs. 26.3%, p = 0.015). The frequency of KRAS mutation was higher in AA patients than in white patients (56.8% vs. 20.7%, p<0.001). Amongst subtypes of KRAS tested in CRC, codon 12 mutation is more common in AA than white patients (85.2% vs. 68.9%, p = 0.020). Compared with other racial groups, we found AA patients to have worse disease-free survival (HR = 3.682, p = 0.035). Also, AA patients with CRC in distal (sigmoid and rectum) or proximal (cecum) colon have worse overall survival than those with CRC in middle colon (HR = 2.926, p = 0.014), a finding not observed in white patients. In both racial groups, advanced stage, perforation, and hypertension were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (p<0.05). Similarly, low body-mass index at presentation, mucinous adenocarcinoma, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion and KRAS mutations were independent factors significantly associated with poor disease-free survival. Collectively, our data provide new insights into the roles of clinicopathologic features, especially anatomic distribution, in predicting outcomes of CRC in AA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Raag Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Shuli Zou
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - M. A. Haseeb
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Raavi Gupta
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Mackiewicz T, Jacenik D, Talar M, Fichna J. The GPR35 expression pattern is associated with overall survival in male patients with colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:709-717. [PMID: 35622222 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) is involved in the carcinogenesis; however, limited data exist on its relevance for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in patients with cancer. METHODS We have examined The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to check the relations between GPR35 expression pattern and OS or DSS of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). RESULTS The performed analysis showed a negative association between positive GPR35 expression Z score and OS in males, which remains statistically significant in advanced stages of colon (COAD) and rectal (READ) adenocarcinoma combined. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the prognostic value of early testing of GPR35 in male patients with an increased risk of CRC development and warrant further clinical confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Mackiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.,Roche Polska Sp. z o.o., Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Talar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
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11
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Selven H, Andersen S, Pedersen MI, Lombardi APG, Busund LTR, Kilvær TK. High expression of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p predicts favorable disease-specific survival in stage I-III colon cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7080. [PMID: 35490164 PMCID: PMC9056518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In many types of cancer, microRNAs (miRs) are aberrantly expressed. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic impact of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p in colon cancer. Tumor tissue from 452 stage I-III colon cancer patients was retrospectively collected and tissue microarrays constructed. miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p expression was evaluated by in situ hybridization and analyzed using digital pathology. Cell line experiments, using HT-29 and CACO-2, were performed to assess the effect of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p over expression on viability, invasion and migration. In multivariate analyses, high miR-17-5p expression in tumor (HR = 0.43, CI 0.26–0.71, p < 0.001) and high expression of miR-20a-5p in tumor (HR = 0.60, CI 0.37–0.97, p = 0.037) and stroma (HR = 0.63, CI 0.42–0.95, p = 0.027) remained independent predictors of improved disease-specific survival. In cell lines, over expression of both miRs resulted in mitigated migration without any significant effect on viability or invasion. In conclusion, in stage I-III colon cancer, high expression of both miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p are independent predictors of favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallgeir Selven
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038, Tromso, Norway. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
| | - Sigve Andersen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mona I Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | | | - Lill-Tove Rasmussen Busund
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Thomas Karsten Kilvær
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
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12
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Factors influencing circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for liver diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4999-5016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Karagur ER, Akgun S, Akca H. Computational and Bioinformatics Methods for MicroRNA Gene Prediction. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2257:349-373. [PMID: 34432287 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1170-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-24-nucleotide-long noncoding RNAs that bind to the untranslated region (3' UTR) of their target mRNAs. The importance of miRNAs in medicine has grown rapidly in the 20 years since the discovery of them. As the regulatory function of miRNAs on biological processes was discovered, they were advocated to play a role in the underlying mechanisms of human pathogenesis. Functional studies have confirmed that miRNAs are promising in preclinical development through deregulation of genes targeted by miRNAs in many cancer cases. In this chapter, we summarize the miRNAs identified for some specific types of cancer and their functions. Besides, miRNAs function as cancer biomarker and their benefits to diagnosis and treatment of cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ege Riza Karagur
- Department of Medical Genetic, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Sakir Akgun
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Hakan Akca
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
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14
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Masete M, Dias S, Malaza N, Adam S, Pheiffer C. A Big Role for microRNAs in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:892587. [PMID: 35957839 PMCID: PMC9357936 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.892587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diabetes is associated with pregnancy complications and poses a serious health risk to both mother and child. Growing evidence suggests that pregnancy complications are more frequent and severe in pregnant women with pregestational type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the different types of maternal diabetes may lead to targeted strategies to prevent or reduce pregnancy complications. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), one of the most common epigenetic mechanisms, have emerged as key players in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-related disorders including diabetes. This review aims to provide an update on the status of miRNA profiling in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes. Four databases, Pubmed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and Scopus were searched to identify studies that profiled miRNAs during maternal diabetes. A total of 1800 articles were identified, of which 53 are included in this review. All studies profiled miRNAs during GDM, with no studies on miRNA profiling during pregestational T1DM and T2DM identified. Studies on GDM were mainly focused on the potential of miRNAs to serve as predictive or diagnostic biomarkers. This review highlights the lack of miRNA profiling in pregnancies complicated by T1DM and T2DM and identifies the need for miRNA profiling in all types of maternal diabetes. Such studies could contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms that link maternal diabetes type with pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matladi Masete
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Dias
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nompumelelo Malaza
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sumaiya Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Center for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Carmen Pheiffer,
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15
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Calvo-López T, Paz-Cabezas M, Llovet P, Ibañez MD, Sastre J, Alonso-Orduña V, Viéitez JM, Yubero A, Vera R, Asensio-Martínez E, Garcia-Alfonso P, Aranda E, Diaz-Rubio E, Perez-Villamil B. Association of miR-21 and miR-335 to microsatellite instability and prognosis in stage III colorectal cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:201-210. [PMID: 34958006 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) are frequently altered in colorectal cancer (CRC) and can be used as prognostic factors. OBJECTIVE To confirm in stage III CRC patients a reported miR signature that was associated to the presence of metastatic disease. To correlate miR expression with microsatellite instability (MSI) and mutations in RAS and BRAF. METHODS miR-21, miR-135a, miR-206, miR-335 and miR-Let-7a expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR in 150 patients out of the 329 patients used to analyze MSI and RAS and BRAF mutations. Association with disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. Data was confirmed by a multivariate analysis. RESULTS MiR-21 high expression (p= 0.034) and miR-335 low expression (p= 0.0061) were significantly associated with MSI-H. A positive trend (p= 0.0624) between miR-135a high expression and RAS mutations was found. Lower miR-21 expression levels are associated with DFS (HR = 2.654, 95% CI: 1.066-6.605, p= 0.036) and a trend with OS (HR = 2.419, 95% CI: 0.749-7.815, p= 0.140). MiR-21 high expression significantly improves DFS of the poor prognosis group (T4 or N2) (p= 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Association of increased expression of miR-21 and better prognosis in the poor prognostic group may be of interest and could be explored in future prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Calvo-López
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mateo Paz-Cabezas
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Llovet
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Ibañez
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sastre
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Alonso-Orduña
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J Ma Viéitez
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alfonso Yubero
- Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ruth Vera
- Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Enrique Aranda
- IMIBIC, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Diaz-Rubio
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Perez-Villamil
- Genomics and Microarrays Lab, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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16
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MiR-379-5p targets microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) to regulate human glioma in cell proliferation, migration and invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 568:8-14. [PMID: 34171541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is one of the most malignant tumors worldwide. This study was aimed to study the effect of miR-379-5p/MGST1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in glioma. METHODS RT-qPCR detected the expression of miR-379-5p and MGST1 in RNA level in glioma cell lines. Bioinformatic analysis was made to explore the associations between miR-379-5p and MGST1 while survival analysis was made with regards to MGST1 expression in glioma patients. Western blot analysis was applied to measure the EMT changes. MTT examined the cell viability. Transwell was used to detect the cellular invasion and migration. The binding sites between miR-379-5p and MGST1 were validated by luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS miR-379-5p expression was lower in glioma cells. MiR-379-5p increase inhibited the viability, migration, invasion and EMT while inhibition of miR-379-5p showed a reverse effect. MGST1 inhibition curbed the cell functions. MiR-379-5p targeted and regulated MGST1 expression. Lower MGST1 is related to higher survival rate. CONCLUSION miR-379-5p could regulate glioma cell viability, migration, invasion and EMT through MGST1, suggesting that miR-379-5p/MGST1 axis might function in the regulation of glioma progression.
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17
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Pidíková P, Herichová I. miRNA Clusters with Up-Regulated Expression in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122979. [PMID: 34198662 PMCID: PMC8232258 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As miRNAs show the capacity to be used as CRC biomarkers, we analysed experimentally validated data about frequently up-regulated miRNA clusters in CRC tissue. We identified 15 clusters that showed increased expression in CRC: miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25, miR-17/92a-1, miR-181a-1/181b-1, miR-181a-2/181b-2, miR-181c/181d, miR-183/96/182, miR-191/425, miR-200c/141, miR-203a/203b, miR-222/221, mir-23a/27a/24-2, mir-29b-1/29a, mir-301b/130b and mir-452/224. Cluster positions in the genome are intronic or intergenic. Most clusters are regulated by several transcription factors, and by long non-coding RNAs. In some cases, co-expression of miRNA with other cluster members or host gene has been proven. miRNA expression patterns in cancer tissue, blood and faeces were compared. The members of the selected clusters target 181 genes. Their functions and corresponding pathways were revealed with the use of Panther analysis. Clusters miR-17/92a-1, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25 and miR-183/96/182 showed the strongest association with metastasis occurrence and poor patient survival, implicating them as the most promising targets of translational research. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in Europe and North America. Early diagnosis is a key feature of efficient CRC treatment. As miRNAs can be used as CRC biomarkers, the aim of the present study was to analyse experimentally validated data on frequently up-regulated miRNA clusters in CRC tissue and investigate their members with respect to clinicopathological characteristics of patients. Based on available data, 15 up-regulated clusters, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25, miR-17/92a-1, miR-181a-1/181b-1, miR-181a-2/181b-2, miR-181c/181d, miR-183/96/182, miR-191/425, miR-200c/141, miR-203a/203b, miR-222/221, mir-23a/27a/24-2, mir-29b-1/29a, mir-301b/130b and mir-452/224, were selected. The positions of such clusters in the genome can be intronic or intergenic. Most clusters are regulated by several transcription factors, and miRNAs are also sponged by specific long non-coding RNAs. In some cases, co-expression of miRNA with other cluster members or host gene has been proven. miRNA expression patterns in cancer tissue, blood and faeces were compared. Based on experimental evidence, 181 target genes of selected clusters were identified. Panther analysis was used to reveal the functions of the target genes and their corresponding pathways. Clusters miR-17/92a-1, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25 and miR-183/96/182 showed the strongest association with metastasis occurrence and poor patient survival, implicating them as the most promising targets of translational research.
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18
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Ramanto KN, Widianto KJ, Wibowo SSH, Agustriawan D. The regulation of microRNA in each of cancer stage from two different ethnicities as potential biomarker for breast cancer. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 93:107497. [PMID: 34029828 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
miRNA has recently emerged as a potential biomarker for breast cancer. Even though many studies have identified ethnic variation affecting miRNA regulation, the effect of cancer stage within specific ethnicities on miRNA epigenetic remains unclear. The present study is designed to investigate miRNA regulation from two distinct ethnicities in specific cancer stages (non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black) using the TCGA dataset. Differentially expressed miRNAs were calculated by using the edgeR package. miRNAs with the highest or lowest log fold Change from each cancer stage were selected as a potential biomarker. miRNA-gene interaction was analyzed by using spearman correlation analysis, CLUEGO, and DIANA-mirpath. The association of biomarker candidates with diagnostic and prognostic performance was assessed using ROC and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. miRNA-gene interaction analysis revealed the involvement of selected miRNAs in cancer progression. From eleven selected aberrant miRNAs, four of the miRNAs (hsa-mir-495, hsa-mir-592, hsa-mir-6501, and hsa-mir-937) are significantly detrimental to breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Hence, our result provides valuable information to explore miRNA's role in each cancer stage between non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Nathanael Ramanto
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kresnodityo Jatiputro Widianto
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Stefanus Satrio Hadi Wibowo
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - David Agustriawan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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19
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Saleh M, Chandrashekar DS, Shahin S, Agarwal S, Kim HG, Behring M, Shaikh AJ, Moloo Z, Eltoum IEA, Yates C, Varambally S, Manne U. Comparative analysis of triple-negative breast cancer transcriptomics of Kenyan, African American and Caucasian Women. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101086. [PMID: 33839593 PMCID: PMC8058567 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study determined the molecular fingerprints of TNBCs of women from kenya (KE) and compared them with those of African–American (AA) and Caucasian (CA) women. RNA sequencing analysis highlights the role of molecular alterations in TNBCs and the potential benefit of targeting pathways in this disease for the KE population as compared to AAs and CAs. The dysregulated genes and signaling pathways could contributes to the aggressive phenotypes of TNBCs of KE women.
Purpose : Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients of various ethnic groups often have discrete clinical presentations and outcomes. Women of African descent have a disproportionately higher chance of developing TNBCs. The aim of the current study was to establish the transcriptome of TNBCs from Kenyan (KE) women of Bantu origin and compare it to those TNBCs of African-Americans (AA) and Caucasians (CA) for identifying KE TNBC-specific molecular determinants of cancer progression and potential biomarkers of clinical outcomes. Patients and Methods : Pathology-confirmed TNBC tissues from Kenyan women of Bantu origin (n = 15) and age and stage range matched AA (n = 19) and CA (n = 23) TNBCs of patients from Alabama were included in this study. RNA was isolated from paraffin-embedded tissues, and expression was analyzed by RNA sequencing. Results : At clinical presentation, young KE TNBC patients have tumors of higher stages. Differential expression analysis identified 160 up-regulated and 178 down-regulated genes in KE TNBCs compared to AA and CA TNBCs. Validation analyses of the TCGA breast cancer data identified 45 KE TNBC-specific genes that are involved in the apoptosis (ACTC1, ERCC6 and CD14), cell proliferation (UHRF2, KDM4C, UHMK1, KCNH5, KRT18, CSF1R and S100A13), and Wnt signaling (BCL9L) pathways. Conclusions : In this study, we identified biomarkers that are specific for KE TNBC patients of Bantu origin. Further study with a larger sample size of matched tumors could confirm our findings. If biologically confirmed, these molecular determinants could have clinical and biological implications and serve as targets for development of personalized therapeutics for KE TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Saleh
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham 35233, AL, United States; Department of Hematology-Oncology, the Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham 35233, AL, United States
| | | | - Sayed Shahin
- Department of Pathology, the Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sumit Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hyung-Gyoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael Behring
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | | | - Zahir Moloo
- Department of Pathology, the Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Isam-Eldin A Eltoum
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; Department of Biology & Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham 35233, AL, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Upender Manne
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham 35233, AL, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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20
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Nassar FJ, Msheik ZS, Itani MM, Helou RE, Hadla R, Kreidieh F, Bejjany R, Mukherji D, Shamseddine A, Nasr RR, Temraz SN. Circulating miRNA as Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Liver Metastasis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020341. [PMID: 33669508 PMCID: PMC7921943 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Stage IV CRC patients have poor prognosis with a five-year survival rate of 14%. Liver metastasis is the main cause of mortality in CRC patients. Since current screening tests have several drawbacks, effective stable non-invasive biomarkers such as microRNA (miRNA) are needed. We aim to investigate the expression of miRNA (miR-21, miR-19a, miR-23a, miR-29a, miR-145, miR-203, miR-155, miR-210, miR-31, and miR-345) in the plasma of 62 Lebanese Stage IV CRC patients and 44 healthy subjects using RT-qPCR, as well as to evaluate their potential for diagnosis of advanced CRC and its liver metastasis using the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve. miR-21, miR-145, miR-203, miR-155, miR-210, miR-31, and miR-345 were significantly upregulated in the plasma of surgery naïve CRC patients when compared to healthy individuals. We identified two panels of miRNA that could be used for diagnosis of Stage IV CRC (miR-21 and miR-210) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.731 and diagnostic accuracy of 69% and liver metastasis (miR-210 and miR-203) with an AUC = 0.833 and diagnostic accuracy of 72%. Panels of specific circulating miRNA, which require further validation, could be potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for CRC and liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah J. Nassar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Zahraa S. Msheik
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.M.); (M.M.I.)
| | - Maha M. Itani
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.M.); (M.M.I.)
| | - Remie El Helou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ruba Hadla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Firas Kreidieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Rachelle Bejjany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ali Shamseddine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Rihab R. Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.M.); (M.M.I.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.N.); (S.N.T.)
| | - Sally N. Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.N.); (S.N.T.)
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21
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Freedman JA, Al Abo M, Allen TA, Piwarski SA, Wegermann K, Patierno SR. Biological Aspects of Cancer Health Disparities. Annu Rev Med 2021; 72:229-241. [PMID: 33502900 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-070119-120305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic disparities span the continuum of cancer care and are driven by a complex interplay among social, psychosocial, lifestyle, environmental, health system, and biological determinants of health. Research is needed to identify these determinants of cancer health disparities and to develop interventions to achieve cancer health equity. Herein, we focus on the overall burden of ancestry-related molecular alterations, the functional significance of the alterations in hallmarks of cancer, and the implications of the alterations for precision oncology and immuno-oncology. In conclusion, we reflect on the importance of estimating ancestry, improving diverse racial and ethnic participation in cancer clinical trials, and examining the intersection among determinants of cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Freedman
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Muthana Al Abo
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
| | - Tyler A Allen
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
| | - Sean A Piwarski
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Kara Wegermann
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Steven R Patierno
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA;
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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22
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Bader El Din NG, Farouk S, Abdel-Salam LO, Khairy A. The potential value of miRNA-223 as a diagnostic biomarker for Egyptian colorectal patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 33:25-31. [PMID: 33079781 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third lethal malignancy worldwide. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) mediates several growth factors signaling pathways and induces abnormal genes expression, which leads to colorectal carcinogenesis. We aimed to comprehensively assess the expression of miRNA-200c, miRNA-203a, miRNA-223 in Egyptian CRC tissue and their corresponding serum samples and to explore if they have any potential prognostic or diagnostic value for CRC patients. METHODS A total of 195 subjects (120 CRC patients and 75 healthy controls) participated in exploration and validation sets. The relative expression of miRNA-200c, miRNA-203a, and miRNA-223 was measured in both CRC tissue and serum samples, and the expressed miRNAs were compared in different CRC grades and types and the prognostic value was evaluated. RESULTS The expression levels of miRNA-200c and miRNA-203a were reduced in CRC tissue samples than adjacent noncancerous tissues. miRNA-223 level was significantly upregulated in both CRC tissue and serum samples with a positive association between them (r = 0.85, P = 0.001). The miRNA-223 can effectively discriminate CRC patients from controls and can significantly differentiate between colon and rectal cancer patients. The association between serum miRNA-223 expression and CRC development was validated in the second set and the ROC curve showed highly significant prognostic value with 90.1% sensitivity, 87% specificity, and area under the curve of 0.914 (95% confidence interval: 0.830-0.978, P = 0.0001). These results showed the association between miRNA-223 upregulation and the CRC carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION Circulating miRNA-223 can be a potential noninvasive prognostic biomarker for Egyptian CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sally Farouk
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Dokki
| | | | - Ahmed Khairy
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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23
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Huang X, Zhu X, Yu Y, Zhu W, Jin L, Zhang X, Li S, Zou P, Xie C, Cui R. Dissecting miRNA signature in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:66-82. [PMID: 33385486 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Despite recent advancements in surgical and molecular targeted therapies that improved the therapeutic efficacy in CRC, the 5 years survival rate of CRC patients still remains frustratingly poor. Accumulated evidences indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Dysregulated miRNAs are closely associated with cancerous phenotypes (e.g. enhanced proliferative and invasive ability, evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle aberration, and promotion of angiogenesis) by regulating their target genes. In this review, we provide an updated overview of tumor suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, circulatory miRNAs, and the possible causes of dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. In addition, we discuss the important functions of miRNAs in drug resistance of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjie Huang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wangyu Zhu
- Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Shaotang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Congying Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ri Cui
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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24
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Panoutsopoulou K, Avgeris M, Mavridis K, Dreyer T, Dorn J, Obermayr E, Reinthaller A, Michaelidou K, Mahner S, Vergote I, Vanderstichele A, Braicu I, Sehouli J, Zeillinger R, Magdolen V, Scorilas A. miR-203 is an independent molecular predictor of prognosis and treatment outcome in ovarian cancer: a multi-institutional study. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:442-451. [PMID: 31586203 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for the most gynecological cancer-related deaths in developed countries. Unfortunately, the lack of both evident early symptoms and effective asymptomatic population screening results in late diagnosis and inevitably poor prognosis. Hence, it is urgent to identify novel molecular markers to support personalized prognosis. In the present study, we have analyzed the clinical significance of miR-203 in OC using two institutionally independent cohorts. miR-203 levels were quantified in a screening (n = 125) and a validation cohort (n = 100, OVCAD multicenter study). Survival analysis was performed using progression and death as clinical endpoint events. Internal validation was conducted by bootstrap analysis, and decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the clinical benefit. Increased miR-203 levels in OC patients were correlated with unfavorable prognosis and higher risk for disease progression, independently of FIGO stage, tumor grade, residual tumor after surgery, chemotherapy response and age. The analysis of the institutionally independent validation cohort (OVCAD study) clearly confirmed the shorter survival outcome of the patients overexpressing miR-203. Additionally, integration of miR-203 levels with the established disease prognostic markers led to a superior stratification of OC patients that can ameliorate prognosis and benefit patient clinical management. In this regard, miR-203 expression constitutes a novel independent molecular marker to improve patients' prognosis in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Tobias Dreyer
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Dorn
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Obermayr
- Molecular Oncology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center-Gynecologic Cancer Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Reinthaller
- Molecular Oncology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center-Gynecologic Cancer Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kleita Michaelidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Europe
| | - Adriaan Vanderstichele
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Europe
| | - Ioana Braicu
- Department of Gynecology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Zeillinger
- Molecular Oncology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center-Gynecologic Cancer Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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25
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Peng Q, Shen Y, Zhao P, Cai S, Feng Z, Cheng M, Wu Y, Zhu Y. Biomarker exploration of microRNA-203 as a promising substrate for predicting poor survival outcome in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1003. [PMID: 33059609 PMCID: PMC7559172 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing studies indicated that microRNA-203 (miR-203) may play an important part in the prognosis of CRC. Nevertheless, the prognostic and influential mechanism of miR-203 expression in CRC remains to be inconclusive. Accordingly, we conducted the current study to investigate the biomarker performance of miR-203 in CRC. Methods In the present study, we conducted an evidence synthesis of the published literatures to identify the prognostic roles of miR-203 in patients with CRC. Moreover, several bioinformatics methods were applied for exploring the biomarker roles of miR-203. Results It was demonstrated that elevated miR-203 expression was clearly related to worse overall survival (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.07–2.24, P = 0.021) for CRC. The gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that miR-203 targets were primarily involved in a series of GO items closely associated with the molecular pathogenesis of CRC. The pathway analysis exhibited the potential signal pathways of miR-203 involved in CRC including pathways in cancer, wnt pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, FoxO pathway, focal adhesion and Ras pathway. By constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the targets of miR-203, ten crucial proteins and a significant network module were retrieved and found to serve important roles in the molecular pathogenesis of CRC. Conclusions Our results indicated that miR-203 may function as a promising biomarker to monitor CRC survival outcomes and progression. Notably, large-scale prospective cohort studies and biological experiments are required to confirm our conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peifeng Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyang Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongyou Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China. .,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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26
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Hull R, Francies FZ, Oyomno M, Dlamini Z. Colorectal Cancer Genetics, Incidence and Risk Factors: In Search for Targeted Therapies. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9869-9882. [PMID: 33116845 PMCID: PMC7553623 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s251223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, colorectal cancers (CRCs) affect over a quarter of a million people. The risk of developing CRC in industrialized nations is approximately 5%. When the disease is localised, treatment success rates range from 70-90%; however, advanced CRC has a high mortality rate, consistently ranking in the top three causes of cancer-related deaths. There is a large geographic difference in global distribution, and CRC is predominantly associated with developed countries and a Western lifestyle and diet. As such, the developed world accounts for more than 63% of all cases of CRC. Geographic variations also predict cancer outcomes, which differ between racial and ethnic groups. This variation is due to inequalities in wealth, differences in the exposure to risk factors and barriers to high-quality cancer prevention, early detection and treatment. The aim of this paper was to review CRC in low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa, India, Brazil and China, and compare them with high-income countries such as the United States of America and the United Kingdom. It is important to note that these economically less developed countries, with historically low CRC rates, are experiencing an increased frequency of CRC. The review also discusses biological markers and genetic pathways involved in the development of colorectal cancer. Genes known to be responsible for the most common forms of inherited CRCs have also been identified but more remain to be identified. This would provide more candidate genes to be added to known biomarkers. CRC burden can be controlled through the widespread application of existing knowledge, such as reduced smoking habits, vaccination, early detection and promoting physical activity, accompanied by a healthy diet. An increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms and events underlying colorectal carcinogenesis will enable the development of new targets and therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney Hull
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Flavia Zita Francies
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Meryl Oyomno
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and the University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.,Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, South Africa
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27
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MiR-155-5p and MiR-203a-3p Are Prognostic Factors in Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082254. [PMID: 32806571 PMCID: PMC7463991 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies with a five-year survival rate of approximately 50%. Reliable molecular markers for risk stratification and subsequent therapy management are still needed. Therefore, we analyzed the prognostic potential of miR-155-5p and miR-203a-3p expression in a cohort of 79 STS patients. MiR-155-5p and miR-203a-3p expression was measured from tumor total RNA by qPCR and correlated with the demographic, clinicopathological, and prognostic data of the patients. Elevated miR-155-5p expression was significantly associated with increased tumor stage and hypoxia-associated mRNA/protein expression. High miR-155-5p expression and low miR-203a-3p expression, as well as a combination of high miR-155-5p and low miR-203a-3p expression, were significantly associated with poor disease-specific survival in STS patients in the Kaplan–Meier survival analyses (p = 0.027, p = 0.001 and p = 0.0003, respectively) and in the univariate Cox regression analyses (RR = 1.96; p = 0.031; RR = 2.59; p = 0.002 and RR = 4.76; p = 0.001, respectively), but not in the multivariate Cox regression analyses. In conclusion, the oncomiR miR-155-5p and the tumor suppressor-miR miR-203a-3p exhibit an association with STS patient prognosis and are suggested as candidates for risk assessment.
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Alshamrani AA. Roles of microRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis: Two Decades Later, What Have We Learned? Front Oncol 2020; 10:1084. [PMID: 32850313 PMCID: PMC7396563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the top gynecological malignancies that cause deaths among females in the United States. At the molecular level, significant progress has been made in our understanding of ovarian cancer development and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules (19–25 nucleotides) that negatively regulate target genes post-transcriptionally. Over the last two decades, mounting evidence has demonstrated the aberrant expression of miRNAs in different human malignancies, including ovarian carcinomas. Deregulated miRNAs can have profound impacts on various cancer hallmarks by repressing tumor suppressor genes. This review will discuss up-to-date knowledge of how the aberrant expression of miRNAs and their targeted genes drives ovarian cancer initiation, proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapies. Understanding the mechanisms by which these miRNAs affect these hallmarks should allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat these lethal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Eshghifar N, Badrlou E, Pouresmaeili F. The roles of miRNAs' clinical efficiencies in the colorectal cancer pathobiology: A review article. Hum Antibodies 2020; 28:273-285. [PMID: 32623393 DOI: 10.3233/hab-200417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MiRNAs (microRNAs) are defined as micro directors and regulators of gene expression. Since altered miRNA expression is signified in the pathobiology of diverse cancers such as colorectal cancers (CRCs), these molecules are described as therapeutic targets, either. Manipulation of miRNAs could lead to further therapy for chemo and radio-resistant CRCs. The usage of microRNAs has indicated prominent promise in the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC, because of their unique expression pattern associated with cancer types and malignancies. Nowadays, many researchers are analyzing the correlation between miRNA polymorphisms and cancer risk. With continuous incompatibility in colorectal cancer (CRC) miRNAs expression data, it is critical to move toward the content of a "pre-laboratory" analysis to speed up efficient accuracy medicine and translational study. Pathway study for the highest expressed miRNAs- regulated target genes resulted in the identification of a considerable number of genes associated with CRC pathway including PI3K, TGFβ, and APC. In this review, we aimed to collect fruitful information about miRNAs and their potential roles in CRC, and provide a meta-analysis of the most frequently studied miRNAs in association with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal Eshghifar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Badrlou
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Peng Q, Shen Y, Zhao P, Cheng M, Zhu Y, Xu B. Biomarker roles identification of miR-106 family for predicting the risk and poor survival of colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:506. [PMID: 32493303 PMCID: PMC7268235 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06863-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have extensively investigated the roles of miR-106 in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the associations and molecular mechanism underlying the roles of miR-106 in CRC remain unclear. We aimed to thoroughly investigate the biomarker roles of miR-106 for predicting the risk and survival outcome in CRC. Methods We first conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the roles of miR-106 in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. Then, we qualitatively explored the biomarker roles of miR-106 in CRC through an integrative bioinformatics analysis. Results The results indicated that miR-106 yielded a combined AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76–0.83), with a pooled sensitivity of 0.50 (95% CI: 0.32–0.68) and a pooled specificity of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.79–0.98) for discriminating CRC cases from normal controls. Moreover, patients with higher expression of miR-106 were significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival (HR: 1.73; 95%CI: 1.23–2.44) and overall survival (HR: 1.39; 95%CI: 1.09–1.77). Finally, gene ontology and pathway analysis demonstrated that miR-106 family was highly involved in the initiation and progression of CRC and indicated the potential molecular mechanism for miR-106 in CRC. Conclusions Our results indicated that miR-106 showed promising potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CRC. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-106 family involved in CRC requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peifeng Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Dept. of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Dept. of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
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Indrieri A, Carrella S, Carotenuto P, Banfi S, Franco B. The Pervasive Role of the miR-181 Family in Development, Neurodegeneration, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062092. [PMID: 32197476 PMCID: PMC7139714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs playing a fundamental role in the regulation of gene expression. Evidence accumulating in the past decades indicate that they are capable of simultaneously modulating diverse signaling pathways involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the function of a highly conserved group of miRNAs, the miR-181 family, both in physiological as well as in pathological conditions. We summarize a large body of studies highlighting a role for this miRNA family in the regulation of key biological processes such as embryonic development, cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial function, and immune response. Importantly, members of this family have been involved in many pathological processes underlying the most common neurodegenerative disorders as well as different solid tumors and hematological malignancies. The relevance of this miRNA family in the pathogenesis of these disorders and their possible influence on the severity of their manifestations will be discussed. A better understanding of the miR-181 family in pathological conditions may open new therapeutic avenues for devasting disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (P.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), 20090 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (S.B.); (B.F.); Tel.: +39-081-19230655 (A.I.); +39-081-19230606 (S.B.); +39-081-19230615 (B.F.)
| | - Sabrina Carrella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (P.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Carotenuto
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (P.C.)
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Therapeutics Unit 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (P.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (S.B.); (B.F.); Tel.: +39-081-19230655 (A.I.); +39-081-19230606 (S.B.); +39-081-19230615 (B.F.)
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (P.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (S.B.); (B.F.); Tel.: +39-081-19230655 (A.I.); +39-081-19230606 (S.B.); +39-081-19230615 (B.F.)
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Circulatory miR-133b and miR-21 as Novel Biomarkers in Early Prediction and Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020164. [PMID: 32033332 PMCID: PMC7073535 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While coronary artery disease (CAD) has become a major threat worldwide, the timely biomarker-based early diagnosis of CAD remains a major unmet clinical challenge. We aimed towards assessing the level of circulatory microRNAs as candidates of novel biomarkers in patients with CAD. A total of 147 subjects were recruited which includes 78 subjects with angiographically proven CAD, 15 pre-atherosclerotic normal coronary artery (NCA) subjects and 54 healthy individuals. Quantitative real-time PCR assays were performed. MiR-133b was downregulated by 4.6 fold (p < 0.0001) whereas miR-21 was upregulated by ~2 fold (p < 0.0001) in plasma samples of CAD patients. Importantly, both the miRNAs showed association with disease severity as miR-133b was downregulated by 8.45 fold in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 3.38 fold in Stable angina (SA) and 2.08 fold in NCA. MiR-21 was upregulated by 2.46 fold in ACS, 1.90 fold in SA and 1.12 fold in NCA. Moreover, miR-133b could significantly differentiate subjects with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) from Non-STEMI. Area under the curve (AUC) for miR-133b was 0.80 with >75.6% sensitivity and specificity, AUC for miR-21 was 0.79 with >69.4% sensitivity and specificity. Our results suggest that miR-133b and miR-21 could be possible candidates of novel biomarkers in early prediction of CAD.
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Integrative systematic review meta-analysis and bioinformatics identifies MicroRNA-21 and its target genes as biomarkers for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Int J Surg 2020; 73:113-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Liu Z, Qin Y, Dong S, Chen X, Huo Z, Zhen Z. Overexpression of miR-106a enhances oxaliplatin sensitivity of colorectal cancer through regulation of FOXQ1. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:663-670. [PMID: 31897182 PMCID: PMC6924180 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance poses a major challenge for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer, therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine its underlying mechanisms. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to determine the microRNA (miRNA)/mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. A dual luciferase assay was conducted for verification of the interaction between miR-106a and 3′untranslated region (UTR) of Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1). Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. In the present study, it was demonstrated that miR-106a is involved in regulating oxaliplatin sensitivity of colorectal cancer. Transfection of miR-106a mimics slightly inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth and sensitized colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin exposure. In addition, miR-106a overexpression induced a decrease of FOXQ1 at mRNA and protein levels in colorectal cancer cells. The enhanced expression of miR-106a also increased the expression of Wnt target genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor-A and matrix metallopeptidase 2, which were reported to be regulated by FOXQ1. It was predicted and validated that miR-106a could repress FOXQ1 expression via direct binding to 3′UTR. Elevation of miR-106a and a decrease of FOXQ1 expression levels were detected in tumor tissues from patients with oxaliplatin-sensitive colorectal cancer, compared with patients with oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer. Furthermore, there was a significant association between miR-106a and FOXQ1 mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR-106a increased oxaliplatin sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells through direct repression of FOXQ1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Qin
- Surgical Department of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
| | - Shuxiao Dong
- Obstetrical Department, Xingtai Third Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Huo
- Surgical Department of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongguang Zhen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
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Tian YQ, Fan ZJ, Liu S, Wu YJ, Liu SY. Value of microRNAs in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1278-1284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i20.1278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Some new treatment methods have been explored to delay the recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC). Early diagnosis plays an important role in the improvement of curative effect. The conventional methods used to diagnose and monitor CRC are fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy. However, FOBT has an unsatisfactory sensitivity, while colonoscopy is expensive and invasive. As new biomarkers, microRNAs, which can be detected in CRC tissues, cells, and body fluid as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, can be used in early diagnosis, the monitoring of metastasis and treatment, as well prognostic evaluation of CRC. This article reviews the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qiong Tian
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Fan
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yu-Jing Wu
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Shu-Ye Liu
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
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Peng Q, Yao W, Yu C, Zou L, Shen Y, Zhu Y, Cheng M, Feng Z, Xu B. Identification of microRNA-181 as a promising biomarker for predicting the poor survival in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:5995-6009. [PMID: 31448575 PMCID: PMC6792490 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A series of studies have investigated the vital role of microRNA‐181 (miR‐181) in the initiation and development of colorectal cancer (CRC), and demonstrated that it might be associated with the prognosis of CRC. However, inconsistent findings have hindered its clinical application. Methods A comprehensive meta‐analysis and an integrative bioinformatics analysis were carried out for concluding current available evidence, clarifying the preliminary prognostic value and unfolding the underlying biological function of miR‐181 in CRC patients. Results The findings revealed that elevated expression levels of miR‐181 were associated with significantly poorer overall survival rates (HR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.26‐2.43, P < .05). Meanwhile, the target genes of miR‐181 were identified and enriched into several important gene ontology (GO) categories and signaling pathways including miRNAs in cancer, pathways in cancer, proteoglycans in cancer, colorectal cancer, FoxO signaling pathway, PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, HIF‐1 signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway, which were confirmed highly involved in the initiation and progression of CRC. In addition, the protein‐protein interaction (PPI) networks were set up by miR‐181 targets to screen hub nodes and significant modules, which were also considerably associated with the molecular pathogenesis of CRC. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that miR‐181 could be a promising biomarker with predictive value for prognosis for CRC patients. However, future studies comprising large cohorts from multicenter are warranted to further investigate the biomarker value of miR‐181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenxiao Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyang Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Moody L, Dvoretskiy S, An R, Mantha S, Pan YX. The Efficacy of miR-20a as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081111. [PMID: 31382594 PMCID: PMC6721456 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs have altered expression levels in various diseases and may play an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: We systemically reviewed and quantitatively synthesized the scientific evidence pertaining to microRNA-20a (miR-20a) as a CRC biomarker. A keyword and reference search in PubMed yielded 32 studies, in which miR-20a was measured in feces, serum, or tumor tissue. Data were extracted from a total of 5014 cancer cases and 2863 controls. Results: Twenty out of 21 relevant studies found that miR-20a was upregulated in CRC patients compared to controls. Meta-analysis revealed a pooled miR-20a fold change of 2.45 (95% CI: 2.24-2.66) in CRC patients versus controls. To estimate sensitivity and specificity of miR-20a as a diagnostic biomarker of CRC, a pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated (0.70, 95% CI: 0.63-0.78). The prognostic capacity of miR-20a was assessed using hazard ratios (HRs) for the overall survival (OS). The meta-analysis estimated the pooled HR for OS to be 2.02 (95% CI: 0.90-3.14) in CRC patients with high miR-20a expression. Conclusions: miR-20a may be a valid biomarker for CRC detection but may not be a strong predictor of poor prognosis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moody
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Svyatoslav Dvoretskiy
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ruopeng An
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Suparna Mantha
- Carle Physician Group, Carle Cancer Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, and Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Dehghan F, Boozarpour S, Torabizadeh Z, Alijanpour S. miR-21: a promising biomarker for the early detection of colon cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5601-5607. [PMID: 31371997 PMCID: PMC6628966 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s199508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the expression of miR-21 gene in stages II-IV of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue in patients with colon cancer and introduce miR-21 as a potential molecular marker for detection of colon cancer in the early stages. Introduction Currently, identification of key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of cancer is one of the areas under consideration. miRNAs, are small RNAs which have been identified in many cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-21 in three pathologic stages in patients with colon cancer in the north of Iran. Patients and methods A total of 40 FFPE samples were obtained from patients with stages II, III, and IV from hospitals in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. After extraction of RNA, treatment with DNase I and cDNA synthesis was performed and miR-21 expression was assessed by qPCR. Then, the data were analyzed using statistical software R (3.4.3). Results The expression of miR-21 in stage II was significantly different from stage IV. However, no significant difference was observed between the other stages. In stage II, the level of miR-21 expression was higher in men than women. Moreover, in the second pathological stage, miR-21 expression was reduced in patients with adjacent lymphoid tissue engagement. In addition, the expression of miR-21 in grade I was significantly higher than grade II. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that miR-21 can be a diagnostic marker for early stages of colon cancer, especially in men. It can also be considered as a good candidate for targeted treatment of colon cancer in the early stages of the disease. Furthermore, for the first time, we suggested that miR-21 can be a good molecular marker for classification of the stages of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Dehghan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Sohrab Boozarpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Zhila Torabizadeh
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sari University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Alijanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
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Wang F, Zhang L, Xu H, Li R, Xu L, Qin Z, Zhong B. The Significance Role of microRNA-200c as a Prognostic Factor in Various Human Solid Malignant Neoplasms: A Meta-Analysis. J Cancer 2019; 10:277-286. [PMID: 30662548 PMCID: PMC6329861 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of 49 relevant studies to evaluate the prognostic value of miRNA-200c in various human malignant neoplasms. Methods: All relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase and Web of Science until August 15st, 2018. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of miRNA-200c for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS)/disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated to investigate such associations. Results: Overall, 49 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed that high expression of miRNA-200c was significantly correlated with a poor OS in cancer (pooled HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06-1.65), but was not significantly correlated with PFS/RFS/DFS in cancer (pooled HR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.84-1.23). In our subgroup analysis, high miRNA-200c expression predicted a significantly worse OS (pooled HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12-2.01) only in Caucasians. Moreover, high miRNA-200c expression even showed significantly poor OS (pooled HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.39-2.54) in blood samples. In addition, a significantly unfavorable OS (pooled HR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.49-4.85) and (pooled HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.07-6.59) associated with up-regulated miRNA-200c expression were observed in breast cancer and endometrial cancer, respectively. Besides, high miRNA-200c expression also showed significantly poor PFS/RFS/DFS (pooled HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.03-2.67) in breast cancer. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that high miRNA-200c expression was a promising biomarker for patient survival and disease progression in malignant tumors, especially in breast cancer and endometrial cancer. Considering the insufficient evidence, further large-scale researches and clinical studies were needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China.,Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
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Cipro Š, Belhajová M, Eckschlager T, Zámečník J. MicroRNA expression in pediatric intracranial ependymomas and their potential value for tumor grading. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:1379-1383. [PMID: 30655909 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial ependymoma represents one of the most common pediatric central nervous system malignancies, and exhibits a wide range of clinical behavior from relatively indolent lesions to highly malignant anaplastic ependymomas. Due to the heterogeneous nature of this disease there is lack of prognostic markers, which would reliably predict the outcome of patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important molecules in cancer biology during past decade; however, very little is known about their role in ependymomas. The aim of the present study was to evaluate expression of miRNAs in archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of pediatric intracranial ependymomas. The expression of miRNAs were examined in 29 samples of ependymoma and we observed that miR-135a-3p, miR-137, miR-17-5p, miR-181d and let-7d-5p were upregulated. In addition, a significantly higher expression of miR-203a was detected in Grade III tumors suggesting its possible use as a prognostic or diagnostic marker. The present study also demonstrated that storage of (FFPE) ependymoma samples for >20 years did not result in a deterioration of miRNAs. The present findings broaden the presently available knowledge regarding miRNA expression in ependymomas and provide further evidence for the employment of miRNA analysis as a supplementary method for the morphological assessment of ependymoma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šimon Cipro
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Belhajová
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Eckschlager
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zámečník
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
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Yang S, Chen X, Yang M, Zhao X, Chen Y, Zhao H, Liu C, Shen C. The variant at TGFBRAP1 is significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and affects diabetes-related miRNA expression. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:83-92. [PMID: 30461200 PMCID: PMC6307842 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) regulates the growth and proliferation of pancreatic β-cells, its receptors trigger the activation of Smad network and subsequently induce the insulin resistance. A case-control was conducted to evaluate the associations of the polymorphisms of TGF-β1 receptor-associated protein 1 (TGFBRAP1) and TGF-β1 receptor 2 (TGFBR2) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its genetic effects on diabetes-related miRNA expression. miRNA microarray chip was used to screen T2DM-related miRNA and 15 differential expressed miRNAs were further validated in 75 T2DM and 75 normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The variation of rs2241797 (T/C) at TGFBRAP1 showed significant association with T2DM in case-control study, and the OR (95% CI) of dominant model for cumulative effects was 1.204 (1.060-1.370), Bonferroni corrected P < 0.05. Significant differences in the fast glucose and HOMA-β indices were observed amongst the genotypes of rs2241797. The expression of has-miR-30b-5p and has-miR-93-5p was linearly increased across TT, TC, and CC genotypes of rs2241797 in NGT, Ptrend values were 0.024 and 0.016, respectively. Our findings suggest that genetic polymorphisms of TGFBRAP1 may contribute to the genetic susceptibility of T2DM by mediating diabetes-related miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Department of CardiologyAffiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityPeople's Hospital of Yixing CityYixingChina
| | - Xiaotian Chen
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mengyao Yang
- Department of Clinical EpidemiologyGeriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu Province Geriatric InstituteNanjingChina
| | - Xianghai Zhao
- Department of CardiologyAffiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityPeople's Hospital of Yixing CityYixingChina
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of CardiologyAffiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityPeople's Hospital of Yixing CityYixingChina
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Division of Communicable Disease ControlHuai's Centre for Disease Control and PreventionHuaianChina
| | - Chunlan Liu
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Clinical EpidemiologyGeriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu Province Geriatric InstituteNanjingChina
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Long J, Yin Y, Guo H, Li S, Sun Y, Zeng C, Zhu W. The mechanisms and clinical significance of PDCD4 in colorectal cancer. Gene 2018; 680:59-64. [PMID: 30243936 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been on a global upward trend. There is an urgent need for effective tools to prevent and treat CRC and reduce morbidity and mortality of CRC patients. Recent evidence suggests that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a novel tumor suppressor gene, inhibits tumor progression at transcriptional and translational levels and regulates multiple signal transduction pathways. However, little is known about the precise mechanisms regulating PDCD4 expression in CRC. In addition, several studies have demonstrated that the expression of in CRC is down-regulated or even absent. PDCD4 is therefore considered to be an independent prognostic factor in CRC and may be a potential support diagnostic tool for distinguishing in normal colon tissue, benign adenoma and CRC. This review will focus on the expression of PDCD4 in CRC and the relevant molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Long
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuting Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haina Guo
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan 523013, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuling Li
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
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Pan X, Feng J, Zhu Z, Yao L, Ma S, Hao B, Zhang G. A positive feedback loop between miR-181b and STAT3 that affects Warburg effect in colon cancer via regulating PIAS3 expression. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5040-5049. [PMID: 30054984 PMCID: PMC6156246 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of microRNA (miR)‐181b, protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) and STAT3, and to examine the function of the miR‐181b/PIAS3/STAT3 axis on the Warburg effect and xenograft tumour growth of colon cancer. Moreover, a positive feedback loop between miR‐181b and STAT3 that regulated the Warburg effect in colon cancer was explored. A luciferase reporter assay was used to identify whether PIAS3 was a direct target of miR‐181b. The gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function experiments were performed on HCT 116 cells to investigate the effect of miR‐181b/PIAS3/STAT3 on the Warburg effect and xenograft tumour growth of colon cancer, as determined by commercial kits and xenograft experiments. The relationship between the expression of miR‐181b, PIAS3 and STAT3 in HCT 116 and HT‐29 cells was determined using RT‐qPCR and Western blot. We found miR‐181b was a direct regulator of PIAS3. miR‐181b promoted the Warburg effect and the growth of colon cancer xenografts; however, these effects could be reversed by PIAS3. miR‐181b expression interacted with STAT3 phosphorylation in a positive feedback loop in colon cancer cells via regulating PIAS3 expression. In conclusion, this study for the first time demonstrated that miR‐181b contributed to the Warburg effect and xenograft tumour growth of colon cancer by targeting PIAS3. Moreover, a positive feedback loop between miR‐181b and STAT3 that regulated the Warburg effect in colon cancer was also demonstrated. This study suggested miR‐181b/PIAS3/STAT3 axis as a novel target for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linhua Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou, China
| | - Shijie Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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To KKW, Tong CWS, Wu M, Cho WCS. MicroRNAs in the prognosis and therapy of colorectal cancer: From bench to bedside. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2949-2973. [PMID: 30038463 PMCID: PMC6054943 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i27.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that can post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Dysregulated expression of many miRNAs have been shown to mediate the signaling pathways critical in the multistep carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). MiRNAs are stable and protected from RNase-mediated degradation, thereby enabling its detection in biological fluids and archival tissues for biomarker studies. This review focuses on the role and application of miRNAs in the prognosis and therapy of CRC. While stage II CRC is potentially curable by surgical resection, a significant percentage of stage II CRC patients do develop recurrence. MiRNA biomarkers may be used to stratify such high-risk population for adjuvant chemotherapy to provide better prognoses. Growing evidence also suggests that miRNAs are involved in the metastatic process of CRC. Certain of these miRNAs may thus be used as prognostic biomarkers to identify patients more likely to have micro-metastasis, who could be monitored more closely after surgery and/or given more aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy. Intrinsic and acquired resistance to chemotherapy severely hinders successful chemotherapy in CRC treatment. Predictive miRNA biomarkers for response to chemotherapy may identify patients who will benefit the most from a particular regimen and also spare the patients from unnecessary side effects. Selection of patients to receive the new targeted therapy is becoming possible with the use of predictive miRNA biomarkers. Lastly, forced expression of tumor suppressor miRNA or silencing of oncogenic miRNA in tumors by gene therapy can also be adopted to treat CRC alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth KW To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christy WS Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingxia Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William CS Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Yu W, Zhu K, Wang Y, Yu H, Guo J. Overexpression of miR-21-5p promotes proliferation and invasion of colon adenocarcinoma cells through targeting CHL1. Mol Med 2018; 24:36. [PMID: 30134821 PMCID: PMC6048725 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the effect of miR-21-5p on process of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cells and its connection with neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (CHL1). Methods Different expressions of mRNAs and miRNAs were calculated with microarray analysis. QRT-PCR and western blot were performed to quantify miR-21-5p and CHL1 expression. Flow Cytometry, MTT assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay and ELISA were performed to evaluate propagation and invasiveness of COAD cells. Dual luciferase reporter assay was employed to scrutinize the relationship between miR-21-5P and CHL1. We performed in vivo experiment to detect the impact of miR-21-5p and CHL1 on COAD tumor growth. Results Expression level of miR-21-5p increased in both COAD tissues and cells. MTT and Cell cycle assay showed that overexpression of miR-21-5p accelerated proliferation of COAD cells. Transwell assay indicated that miR-21-5p promoted cell invasion. The result of dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-21-5p targeted CHL1 directly and inhibited its expression. The result of in vivo experiments showed that down-regulation of miR-21-5p decreased the volume and weight of tumor, while knockdown of CHLI stimulated tumor growth. Conclusions The overexpression of miR-21-5p can promote propagation and invasiveness of COAD cells through inhibiting the expression of CHL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Yu
- Department of gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, No.247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Kongxi Zhu
- Department of gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, No.247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Hualong Yu
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- Department of gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, No.247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China.
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Nikolouzakis TK, Vassilopoulou L, Fragkiadaki P, Sapsakos TM, Papadakis GZ, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Tsiaoussis J. Improving diagnosis, prognosis and prediction by using biomarkers in CRC patients (Review). Oncol Rep 2018; 39:2455-2472. [PMID: 29565457 PMCID: PMC5983921 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common cancers. In fact, it is placed in the third place among the most diagnosed cancer in men, after lung and prostate cancer, and in the second one for the most diagnosed cancer in women, following breast cancer. Moreover, its high mortality rates classifies it among the leading causes of cancer‑related death worldwide. Thus, in order to help clinicians to optimize their practice, it is crucial to introduce more effective tools that will improve not only early diagnosis, but also prediction of the most likely progression of the disease and response to chemotherapy. In that way, they will be able to decrease both morbidity and mortality of their patients. In accordance with that, colon cancer research has described numerous biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive purposes that either alone or as part of a panel would help improve patient's clinical management. This review aims to describe the most accepted biomarkers among those proposed for use in CRC divided based on the clinical specimen that is examined (tissue, faeces or blood) along with their restrictions. Lastly, new insight in CRC monitoring will be discussed presenting promising emerging biomarkers (telomerase activity, telomere length and micronuclei frequency).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loukia Vassilopoulou
- Laboratory of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Theodoros Mariolis Sapsakos
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Nursing School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Z. Papadakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Computer Sciences (ICS), Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristides M. Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - John Tsiaoussis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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47
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Gao S, Zhao ZY, Wu R, Zhang Y, Zhang ZY. Prognostic value of microRNAs in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:907-929. [PMID: 29750053 PMCID: PMC5935085 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s157493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have shown that miRNA levels are closely related to the survival time of patients with colon, rectal, or colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the outcomes of different investigations have been inconsistent. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was conducted to study associations among the three types of cancers. Materials and methods Studies published in English that estimated the expression levels of miRNAs with survival curves in CRC were identified until May 20, 2017 by online searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library by two independent authors. Pooled HRs with 95% CIs were used to estimate the correlation between miRNA expression and overall survival. Results A total of 63 relevant articles regarding 13 different miRNAs, with 10,254 patients were ultimately included. CRC patients with high expression of blood miR141 (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.68-3.77), tissue miR21 (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.53), miR181a (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26-1.83), or miR224 (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.04-4.34), or low expression of tissue miR126 (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.93) had significantly poor overall survival (P<0.05). Conclusion In general, blood miR141 and tissue miR21, miR181a, miR224, and miR126 had significant prognostic value. Among these, blood miR141 and tissue miR224 were strong biomarkers of prognosis for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang
| | - Rong Wu
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Yue Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Zhang
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
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Shi L, Li X, Wu Z, Li X, Nie J, Guo M, Mei Q, Han W. DNA methylation-mediated repression of miR-181a/135a/302c expression promotes the microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer development and 5-FU resistance via targeting PLAG1. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:205-214. [PMID: 29735329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) defines a subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC) with typical clinicopathologic characteristics. CRCs with MSI (MSI CRCs) frequently acquire accelerated carcinogenesis and 5-FU resistance, and the exact underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Our previous study has identified the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in MSI CRCs. In this study, three miRNAs (miR-181a, miR-135a and miR-302c) were validated by qRT-PCR to be dramatically decreased in 67 CRC samples. Proliferation and apoptosis assays demonstrated that miR-181a/135a/302c function as tumor suppressors via repressing PLAG1/IGF2 signaling. Moreover, we presented compelling evidence that restoration of miR-181a/135a/302c expression promoted sensitivity of MSI CRC cells to 5-FU treatment. miR-181a/135a/302c exerted their effect on chemoresistance through attenuating PLAG1 expression. Notably, the hypermethylation status of MSI CRC accounts for the decrements of miR-181a/135a/302c. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of chemoresistance in MSI CRCs, and provide a clue for digging the biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Qian Mei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China.
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Peng Q, Zhang X, Min M, Zou L, Shen P, Zhu Y. The clinical role of microRNA-21 as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44893-44909. [PMID: 28415652 PMCID: PMC5546529 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic analysis aimed to investigate the value of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in colorectal cancer for multiple purposes, including diagnosis and prognosis, as well as its predictive power in combination biomarkers. Fifty-seven eligible studies were included in our meta-analysis, including 25 studies for diagnostic meta-analysis and 32 for prognostic meta-analysis. For the diagnostic meta-analysis of miR-21 alone, the overall pooled results for sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53-0.74), 0.85 (0.79-0.90), and 0.85 (0.81-0.87), respectively. Circulating samples presented corresponding values of 0.72 (0.63-0.79), 0.84 (0.78-0.89), and 0.86 (0.83-0.89), respectively. For the diagnostic meta-analysis of miR-21-related combination biomarkers, the above three parameters were 0.79 (0.69-0.86), 0.79 (0.68-0.87), and 0.86 (0.83-0.89), respectively. Notably, subgroup analysis suggested that miRNA combination markers in circulation exhibited high predictive power, with sensitivity of 0.85 (0.70-0.93), specificity of 0.86 (0.77-0.92), and AUC of 0.92 (0.89-0.94). For the prognostic meta-analysis, patients with higher expression of miR-21 had significant shorter disease-free survival [DFS; pooled hazard ratio (HR): 1.60; 95% CI: 1.20-2.15] and overall survival (OS; 1.54; 1.27-1.86). The combined HR in tissues for DFS and OS were 1.76 (1.31-2.36) and 1.58 (1.30-1.93), respectively. Our comprehensive systematic review revealed that circulating miR-21 may be suitable as a diagnostic biomarker, while tissue miR-21 could be a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer. In addition, miRNA combination biomarkers may provide a new approach for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ming Min
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Peipei Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
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50
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Miao C, Zhang J, Zhao K, Liang C, Xu A, Zhu J, Wang Y, Hua Y, Tian Y, Liu S, Zhang C, Qin C, Wang Z. The significance of microRNA-148/152 family as a prognostic factor in multiple human malignancies: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43344-43355. [PMID: 28574848 PMCID: PMC5522150 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNA-148/152 family emerges as a attractive biomarker for predicting tumor prognosis and progression. However, outcomes of different studies are controversial. Eligible Literature were searched through online databases: PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. A total of 24 eligible studies were ultimately enrolled in this meta-analysis. Results indicated that overexpression of miR-148/152 family was significantly correlated with enhanced overall/cause-specific survival (OS/CSS) (HR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.54-0.74). Stratified analysis indicated that high miR-148a and miR-148b expression predicted favorable OS/CSS (HR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.69-0.90) and (HR=0.49; 95% CI: 0.39-0.61), while miR-152 developed no significant impact (HR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.12-1.29). MiR-148/152 family was distinctly associated with superior OS/CSS in Asian (HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.44-0.64), but not in Caucasian (HR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.82-1.13). Futhermore, miR-148/152 family expression also predicted longer disease/relapse/progression-free survival (DFS/RFS/PFS) (HR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.16-0.88). A significantly favorable DFS/RFS/PFS was observed in Asian (HR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.06-0.81) than that in Caucasian (HR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.31-1.87). miR-148/152 family overexpression also predicted longer DFS/RFS/PFS in tissues (HR=0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.98), but not in plasma/serum (HR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.38-1.18). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that overexpression of miR-148/152 predicted enhanced OS/CSS and DFS/RFS/PFS of cancer patients. MiR-148a/b family may serve as a potential prognostic factor in multiple human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenkui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yibo Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shouyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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