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Sun Y, Chen D, Sun S, Ren M, Zhou L, Chen C, Zhao J, Wei H, Zhao Q, Qi Y, Zhang J, Zhang G, Liu H, Yang Q, Liu Q, Wang Y, Zhang W. RBMS1 Coordinates with the m 6A Reader YTHDF1 to Promote NSCLC Metastasis through Stimulating S100P Translation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307122. [PMID: 38342601 PMCID: PMC11022699 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause for the high mortality of lung cancer, however, effective anti-metastatic drugs are still limited. Here it is reported that the RNA-binding protein RBMS1 is positively associated with increased lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Depletion of RBMS1 suppresses cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and inhibits cancer cell metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, RBMS1 interacts with YTHDF1 to promote the translation of S100P, thereby accelerating NSCLC cell metastasis. The RRM2 motif of RBMS1 and the YTH domain of YTHDF1 are required for the binding of RBMS1 and YTHDF1. RBMS1 ablation inhibits the translation of S100P and suppresses tumor metastasis. Targeting RBMS1 with NTP, a small molecular chemical inhibitor of RBMS1, attenuates tumor metastasis in a mouse lung metastasis model. Correlation studies in lung cancer patients further validate the clinical relevance of the findings. Collectively, the study provides insight into the molecular mechanism by which RBMS1 promotes NSCLC metastasis and offers a therapeutic strategy for metastatic NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University & Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Pathologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalian116011China
| | - Siwen Sun
- Department of Oncology & Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicinethe Second Affiliated HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Menglin Ren
- Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University & Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University & Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Chaoqun Chen
- Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University & Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Jinyao Zhao
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Huanhuan Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational BiologyBio‐Med Big Data CenterShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
| | - Qingzhi Zhao
- Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University & Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Yangfan Qi
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Jinrui Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of ImmunologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Han Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Qingkai Yang
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Yang Wang
- Sino‐US Research Center for Cancer Translational Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University & Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116023China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
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Yang H, Du Y, Fei X, Huang S, Yimiti M, Yang X, Ma J, Li S, Tuoheniyazi H, Zhao Y, Gu Z, Xu D. SUMOylation of the ubiquitin ligase component KEAP1 at K39 upregulates NRF2 and its target function in lung cancer cell proliferation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105215. [PMID: 37660919 PMCID: PMC10556770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) is important for the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress. The levels of NRF2 are controlled by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-dependent degradation. Although oxidative stress is known to suppress KEAP1 activity to stabilize the levels of NRF2, the mechanism for this control is unclear. Here, we identify that KEAP1 is modified by SUMO1 at the lysine residue position 39 (K39). Arginine replacement of this lysine (K39R) in KEAP1 did not affect its stability, subcellular localization, or dimerization but promoted the formation of the Cullin 3 ubiquitin ligase and increased NRF2 ubiquitination. This was accompanied by decreased NRF2 expression. Gene reporter assays showed that the transcription of antioxidant response elements was heightened in KEAP1-WT cells compared to cells expressing the KEAP1-K39R SUMO1 substrate mutant. Consistent with this, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed higher NRF2 binding to the promoter regions of antioxidant genes in cells expressing the KEAP1-WT compared to the KEAP1-K39R mutant protein in H1299 lung cancer cell. The significance of this suppression of KEAP1 activity by its SUMOylation was tested in a subcutaneous tumor model of H1299 lung cancer cell lines that differentially expressed the WT and K39R KEAP1 constructs. This model showed that mutating the SUMOylation site on KEAP1 altered the production of reactive oxygen species and suppressed tumor growth. Taken together, our study recognizes that NRF2-dependent redox control is regulated by the SUMOylation of KEAP1. These findings identify a potential new therapeutic option to counteract oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhang Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Fei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maimaitiaili Yimiti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junrui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huxidanmu Tuoheniyazi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhidong Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Hainan, China.
| | - Dakang Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Shu J, Jiang J, Zhao G. Identification of novel gene signature for lung adenocarcinoma by machine learning to predict immunotherapy and prognosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1177847. [PMID: 37583701 PMCID: PMC10424935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1177847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) as a frequent type of lung cancer has a 5-year overall survival rate of lower than 20% among patients with advanced lung cancer. This study aims to construct a risk model to guide immunotherapy in LUAD patients effectively. Materials and methods LUAD Bulk RNA-seq data for the construction of a model, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data (GSE203360) for cell cluster analysis, and microarray data (GSE31210) for validation were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We used the Seurat R package to filter and process scRNA-seq data. Sample clustering was performed in the ConsensusClusterPlus R package. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two groups were mined by the Limma R package. MCP-counter, CIBERSORT, ssGSEA, and ESTIMATE were employed to evaluate immune characteristics. Stepwise multivariate analysis, Univariate Cox analysis, and Lasso regression analysis were conducted to identify key prognostic genes and were used to construct the risk model. Key prognostic gene expressions were explored by RT-qPCR and Western blot assay. Results A total of 27 immune cell marker genes associated with prognosis were identified for subtyping LUAD samples into clusters C3, C2, and C1. C1 had the longest overall survival and highest immune infiltration among them, followed by C2 and C3. Oncogenic pathways such as VEGF, EFGR, and MAPK were more activated in C3 compared to the other two clusters. Based on the DEGs among clusters, we confirmed seven key prognostic genes including CPA3, S100P, PTTG1, LOXL2, MELTF, PKP2, and TMPRSS11E. Two risk groups defined by the seven-gene risk model presented distinct responses to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, immune infiltration, and prognosis. The mRNA and protein level of CPA3 was decreased, while the remaining six gene levels were increased in clinical tumor tissues. Conclusion Immune cell markers are effective in clustering LUAD samples into different subtypes, and they play important roles in regulating the immune microenvironment and cancer development. In addition, the seven-gene risk model may serve as a guide for assisting in personalized treatment in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Shu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinni Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Guofang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Rezaei M, Shams Z, Rasouli BS, Amirfard KD, Sadrabadi MS, Gheysarzadeh A, Haghani K, Bakhtiyari S. New Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Diabetes Rev 2023; 19:e180122200320. [PMID: 35040413 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220118095952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a global issue that has affected the lives of many people all over the world. This disorder, which is also called the mother of all diseases, possesses high pathogenicity and results in the emergence of many disorders. One of the known correlated diseases is pancreatic cancer which can be accompanied by diabetes mellitus. Therefore, finding the association between these diseases and common genes is urgent. OBJECTIVE In this study, in order to survey the relationship between diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer, the common genes of these disorders were analyzed by bioinformatics tools. METHODS For this purpose, we screened 17 shared genes from microarray data downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In addition, the relationship between identified genes was constructed by STRING and DAVID tools. RESULTS In total, 112 genes were identified to be differentially expressed. Among these, 17 genes were found to be common, including two genes that were down-regulated and others that were upregulated. Other analyses showed that most of the genes were enriched in Vibrio cholera infection and the mTOR signaling pathway. The biological processes of such genes included oxygen and gas transport, phagosome acidification, and GTPase activity. CONCLUSION In this study, 17 common genes that had not previously been considered in diabetes and pancreatic cancer were screened, which can be further considered for clinical approaches and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Rezaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zinat Shams
- Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sadat Rasouli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Gheysarzadeh
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Karimeh Haghani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Salar Bakhtiyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Li Q, Xie D, Yao L, Qiu H, You P, Deng J, Li C, Zhan W, Weng M, Wu S, Li F, Zhou Y, Zeng F, Zheng Y, Zhou H. Combining autophagy and immune characterizations to predict prognosis and therapeutic response in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:944378. [PMID: 36177001 PMCID: PMC9513242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.944378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy, a key regulator of programmed cell death, is critical for maintaining the stability of the intracellular environment. Increasing evidence has revealed the clinical importance of interactions between autophagy and immune status in lung adenocarcinoma. The present study evaluated the potential of autophagy-immune-derived biomarkers to predict prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Patients from the GSE72094 dataset were randomized 7:3 to a training set and an internal validation set. Three independent cohorts, TCGA, GSE31210, and GSE37745, were used for external verification. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering based on autophagy- and immune-associated genes was used to identify autophagy- and immune-associated molecular patterns, respectively. Significantly prognostic autophagy-immune genes were identified by LASSO analysis and by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Differences in tumor immune microenvironments, functional pathways, and potential therapeutic responses were investigated to differentiate high-risk and low-risk groups. Results High autophagy status and high immune status were associated with improved overall survival. Autophagy and immune subtypes were merged into a two-dimensional index to characterize the combined prognostic classifier, with 535 genes defined as autophagy-immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Four genes (C4BPA, CD300LG, CD96, and S100P) were identified to construct an autophagy-immune-related prognostic risk model. Survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that this model was significantly prognostic of survival. Patterns of autophagy and immune genes differed in low- and high-risk patients. Enrichment of most immune infiltrating cells was greater, and the expression of crucial immune checkpoint molecules was higher, in the low-risk group. TIDE and immunotherapy clinical cohort analysis predicted that the low-risk group had more potential responders to immunotherapy. GO, KEGG, and GSEA function analysis identified immune- and autophagy-related pathways. Autophagy inducers were observed in patients in the low-risk group, whereas the high-risk group was sensitive to autophagy inhibitors. The expression of the four genes was assessed in clinical specimens and cell lines. Conclusions The autophagy-immune-based gene signature represents a promising tool for risk stratification in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, guiding individualized targeted therapy or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaxuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Daipeng Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lintong Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hongrui Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peimeng You
- Department of Thoracic radiology, Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Jialong Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congsen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weijie Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maotao Weng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Fasheng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanjun Zeng
- Department of General Practice, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Jiangxi Lung Cancer Institute, Nanchang, China
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Zhang S, Duan S, Xie Z, Bao W, Xu B, Yang W, Zhou L. Epigenetic Therapeutics Targeting NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Cancer Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924817. [PMID: 35754474 PMCID: PMC9218606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) regulate various genes involved in redox homeostasis, which protects cells from stress conditions such as reactive oxygen species and therefore exerts beneficial effects on suppression of carcinogenesis. In addition to their pivotal role in cellular physiology, accumulating innovative studies indicated that NRF2/KEAP1-governed pathways may conversely be oncogenic and cause therapy resistance, which was profoundly modulated by epigenetic mechanism. Therefore, targeting epigenetic regulation in NRF2/KEAP1 signaling is a potential strategy for cancer treatment. In this paper, the current knowledge on the role of NRF2/KEAP1 signaling in cancer oxidative stress is presented, with a focus on how epigenetic modifications might influence cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, the prospect that epigenetic changes may be used as therapeutic targets for tumor treatment is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sining Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanlin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medical Affairs, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yazaki K, Matsuno Y, Yoshida K, Sherpa M, Nakajima M, Matsuyama M, Kiwamoto T, Morishima Y, Ishii Y, Hizawa N. ROS-Nrf2 pathway mediates the development of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the activation of Notch signaling. Eur J Cell Biol 2021; 100:151181. [PMID: 34763128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2021.151181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process by which epithelial cells transform to acquire mesenchymal phenotypes. Accumulating evidence indicate the involvement of EMT in the progression of malignant diseases. Notch signaling mediates TGF-β1-induced EMT through direct transcriptional activation of Snai1. The molecular mechanism how TGF-β1 activates Notch signaling, however, remains unknown. In this study, we show a pivotal role for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-Nrf2 pathway in TGF-β1-induced Notch signaling activation and EMT development. TGF-β1 induces Nrf2 activation through ROS production. Inhibiting Nrf2 activation either by reducing ROS levels by N-acetylcysteine or by knocking down of Nrf2 by small interfering RNA attenuated both Notch signaling activation and EMT development. TGF-β1 induced the transcription of Notch4 via Nrf2-dependent promoter activation. In conclusion, our study indicates the ROS-Nrf2 pathway mediates the development of TGF-β1-induced EMT through the activation of Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Kazufumi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Mingma Sherpa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakajima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masashi Matsuyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takumi Kiwamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuko Morishima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukio Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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8
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Gao H, Tang P, Ni K, Zhu L, Chen S, Zheng Y, Wan Y. Inhibition of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein 1 promotes the progression and drug resistance of lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11908. [PMID: 34466284 PMCID: PMC8380428 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a common malignant carcinoma of respiratory system with high morbidity and mortality. Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein 1 (Keap1), a member of the BTB-Kelch protein family, has been reported as an important molecule in several cancers. However, its potential role in tumor is still controversial. Here we aim to clarify the effect of Keap1 on the biological characteristics and chemotherapy resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods Immunohistochemistry was conducted to compare Keap1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and matched non-cancerous tissues, and the correlation between Keap1 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Subsequently, the stable A549 and H1299 cell lines with Keap1 knockdown or overexpression were constructed using lentivirus. The roles of Keap1 on the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and drug resistance were investigated by colony formation assay, cell proliferation assay, wound scratch test, transwell invasion assay and drug sensitivity assay, respectively. Results Keap1 was lowly expressed in tumor tissues compared to matched non-cancerous tissues, and its expression was correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Early stage (I) tumors without lymph node metastasis had higher levels of Keap1 expression compared with late-stage tumors (II, III) with the presence of lymphatic metastasis. Colony formation assays showed that Keap1 knockdown promoted the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells, and the cell growth curves further confirmed this feature. In contrast, wound scratch and transwell invasion experiments showed that Keap1 overexpression inhibited cell migration and invasive malignancy. The IC50 for cisplatin and paclitaxel were significantly increased by Keap1 knockdown in A549 and H1299 cell lines. Conclusion Keap1 knockdown promotes tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance in LUAD. It may be a potential tumor marker to guide the staging and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peipei Tang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kejie Ni
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufeng Wan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
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Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Panieri E, Cevik D, Suzen S, Saso L. Therapeutic Targeting of the NRF2 Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:1417. [PMID: 33808001 PMCID: PMC7961421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases with an increasing incidence and mortality all over the world. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel therapies targeting major cancer-related pathways. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its major negative modulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) are main players of the cellular defense mechanisms against internal and external cell stressors. However, NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway is dysregulated in various cancers, thus promoting tumor cell survival and metastasis. In the present review, we discuss the mechanisms of normal and deregulated NRF2 signaling pathway focusing on its cancer-related functions. We further explore activators and inhibitors of this pathway as cancer targeting drug candidates in order to provide an extensive background on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Telkoparan-Akillilar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, 06520 Ankara, Turkey; (P.T.-A.); (D.C.)
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Dilek Cevik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, 06520 Ankara, Turkey; (P.T.-A.); (D.C.)
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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10
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Nrf2 regulates cell motility through RhoA-ROCK1 signalling in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1247. [PMID: 33441941 PMCID: PMC7806835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcriptional regulator of several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory enzymes. It binds to its endogenous inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the cytoplasm under normal conditions. Various endogenous or environmental oxidative stresses can disrupt the Nrf2/Keap1 complex, allowing Nrf2 to translocate into the nucleus, where it induces the transcription of various cytoprotective enzymes by binding to antioxidant responsive elements. These enzymes have been reported to play a role in regulating tumour growth, angiogenesis, and chemoprevention. Invasion and migration are the most harmful aspects of cancer; they directly impacts the patients’ survival. Although the roles of Keap1/Nrf2 and their downstream genes in various cancers have been widely documented, their role in regulating cell motility still remains unclear, particularly in cancer cells. We observed that Nrf2 suppression following treatment with brusatol in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with either exogenously introduced Keap1 or siNrf2 resulted in the inhibition of cell migration and invasion, with shrinking cell morphology due to decreased focal adhesions via inhibition of the RhoA–ROCK1 pathway. Nrf2 overexpression showed opposite results. Thus, the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway may affect cell motility by dysregulating the RhoA–ROCK1 signalling pathway in NSCLC.
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11
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Zhao J, Lin X, Meng D, Zeng L, Zhuang R, Huang S, Lv W, Hu J. Nrf2 Mediates Metabolic Reprogramming in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:578315. [PMID: 33324555 PMCID: PMC7726415 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.578315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2–related factor-2 (NFE2L2/Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant genes. Both Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) mutations and Nrf2 mutations contribute to the activation of Nrf2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nrf2 activity is associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC. Metabolic reprogramming represents a cancer hallmark. Increasing studies reveal that Nrf2 activation promotes metabolic reprogramming in cancer. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of Nrf2-mediated metabolic reprogramming and elucidate its role in NSCLC. Inhibition of Nrf2 can alter metabolic processes, thus suppress tumor growth, prevent metastasis, and increase sensitivity to chemotherapy in NSCLC. In conclusion, Nrf2 may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runzhou Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Wang Q, Xu L, Wang G, Chen L, Li C, Jiang X, Gao H, Yang B, Tian W. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of NRF2 expression in non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241241. [PMID: 33186371 PMCID: PMC7665804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) functions as a transcription factor and regulates a wide array of antioxidant and stress-responsive genes. NRF2 has been widely implicated in different types of cancers, but only limited studies concerning the relationship between NRF2 expression and tumour invasion or prognosis in lung cancer. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the prognostic value of NRF2 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The relationship between NRF2 expression in NSCLC patients and clinicopathological features was also investigated. Overall survival (OS) and treatment response rate were evaluated using STATA software. Twenty eligible articles with 2530 lung cancer patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that high expression level of NRF2 was associated with pathologic distant metastasis (odds ratio (OR) = 2.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.62-4.31; P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.53-3.00; P < 0.001), and tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.52-2.49, P < 0.001). High NRF2 expression was associated with low treatment response rate in platinum-based chemotherapy (HR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02-0.51; P = 0.005). High expression level of NRF2 is predictive for poor overall survival rate (HR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.44-2.41, P < 0.001) and poor progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.26-4.09, P = 0.006). Compared to patients with a low level of NRF2 expression, patients with high NRF2 expression levels were associated with worse OS and PFS when given the chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI. Together, our meta-analysis results suggest that NRF2 can act as a potential indicator of NSCLC tumour aggressiveness and help the prognosis and design of a better treatment strategy for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Wang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Changping Li
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangli Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai Gao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiping Tian
- Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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13
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Wen YC, Lin YW, Chu CY, Yang YC, Yang SF, Liu YF, Hsiao M, Lee WJ, Chien MH. Melatonin-triggered post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications of ADAMTS1 coordinately retard tumorigenesis and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. J Pineal Res 2020; 69:e12668. [PMID: 32408377 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family are widely implicated in tissue remodeling events manifested in cancer development. ADAMTS1, the most fully characterized ADAMTS, plays conflicting roles in different cancer types; however, the role of ADAMTS1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. Herein, we found that ADAMTS1 is highly expressed in RCC tissues compared to normal renal tissues, and its expression was correlated with an advanced stage and a poor prognosis of RCC patients. In vitro, we observed higher expression of ADAMTS1 in metastatic (m)RCC cells compared to primary cells, and manipulation of ADAMTS1 expression affected cell invasion and clonogenicity. Results from protease array showed that ADAMTS1 is modulated by melatonin through mechanisms independent of the MT1 receptor in mRCC cells, and overexpression of ADAMTS1 relieved the invasion/clonogenicity and growth/metastasis inhibition imposed by melatonin treatment in vitro and in an orthotopic xenograft model. The human microRNA (miR) OneArray showed that miR-181d and miR-let-7f were induced by melatonin and, respectively, targeted the 3'-UTR and non-3'-UTR of ADAMTS1 to suppress its expression and mRCC invasive ability. Clinically, RCC patients with high levels of miR-181d or miR-let-7f and a low level of ADAMTS1 had the most favorable prognoses. In addition, ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation of ADAMTS1 can also be triggered by melatonin. Together, our study indicates that ADAMTS1 may be a useful biomarker for predicting RCC progression. The novel convergence between melatonin and ADAMTS1 post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation provides new insights into the role of melatonin-induced molecular regulation in suppressing RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine Sciences and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Lin YW, Wen YC, Chu CY, Tung MC, Yang YC, Hua KT, Pan KF, Hsiao M, Lee WJ, Chien MH. Stabilization of ADAM9 by N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein contributes to promoting progression of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:591. [PMID: 32719332 PMCID: PMC7385149 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
N-α-Acetyltransferase 10 protein (Naa10p) was reported to be an oncoprotein in androgen-dependent prostate cancer (PCa; ADPC) through binding and increasing transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor (AR). PCa usually progresses from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent stage, leading to an increase in the metastatic potential and an incurable malignancy. At present, the role of Naa10p in androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) remains unclear. In this study, in silico and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that Naa10 transcripts or the Naa10p protein were more highly expressed in primary and metastatic PCa cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues and non-metastatic cancer tissues, respectively. Knockdown and overexpression of Naa10p in AIPC cells (DU145 and PC-3M), respectively, led to decreased and increased cell clonogenic and invasive abilities in vitro as well as tumor growth and metastasis in AIPC xenografts. From the protease array screening, we identified a disintegrin and metalloprotease 9 (ADAM9) as a potential target of Naa10p, which was responsible for the Naa10p-induced invasion of AIPC cells. Naa10p can form a complex with ADAM9 to maintain ADAM9 protein stability and promote AIPC's invasive ability which were independent of its acetyltransferase activity. In contrast to the Naa10p-ADAM9 axis, ADAM9 exerted positive feedback regulation on Naa10p to modulate progression of AIPC in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, for the first time, our results reveal a novel cross-talk between Naa10p and ADAM9 in regulating the progression of AIPC. Disruption of Naa10p-ADAM9 interactions may be a potential intervention for AIPC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Master/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Che Tung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Fan Pan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Ng DM, Haleem M, Yi T, Hu S, Zhu H, Zhao G, Liao Q. Multi-omics Data Analyses Construct TME and Identify the Immune-Related Prognosis Signatures in Human LUAD. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:860-873. [PMID: 32805489 PMCID: PMC7452010 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has been the focus of attention for many researchers in recent years for the leading contribution to cancer-related death worldwide, in which lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological type. However, the potential mechanism behind LUAD initiation and progression remains unclear. Aiming to dissect the tumor microenvironment of LUAD and to discover more informative prognosis signatures, we investigated the immune-related differences in three types of genetic or epigenetic characteristics (expression status, somatic mutation, and DNA methylation) and considered the potential roles that these alterations have in the immune response and both the immune-related metabolic and neural systems by analyzing the multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal. Additionally, a four-step strategy based on lasso regression and Cox regression was used to construct the prognostic prediction model. For the prognostic predictions on the independent test set, the performance of the trained models (average concordance index [C-index] = 0.839) is satisfied, with average 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year areas under the curve (AUCs) equal to 0.796, 0.786, and 0.777. Finally, the overall model was constructed based on all samples, which comprised 27 variables and achieved a high degree of accuracy on the 1-year (AUC = 0.861), 3-year (AUC = 0.850), and 5-year (AUC = 0.916) survival predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Minglei Yang
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Derry Minyao Ng
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Maria Haleem
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianfei Yi
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiyun Hu
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huangkai Zhu
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guofang Zhao
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
| | - Qi Liao
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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16
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Yang YC, Pan KF, Lee WJ, Chang JH, Tan P, Gu CC, Chang WM, Yang SF, Hsiao M, Hua KT, Chien MH. Circulating Proteoglycan Endocan Mediates EGFR-Driven Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3292-3304. [PMID: 32561533 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although new generations of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) have been developed for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-mutant tumors, TKI resistance often returns as a result of additional EGFR mutations. In addition to seeking for next-generation EGFR-TKI, developing novel EGFR-targeting strategies may hold the key to overcome the vicious cycle of TKI resistance. Endocan is known as a receptor tyrosine kinase ligand enhancer in tumorigenesis, but the impact of endocan on EGFR-driven NSCLC progression remains unknown. In this study, higher endocan levels were found in lung tumors compared with cancer-free tissues and correlated with poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC harboring mutant EGFR; circulating endocan levels were also significantly higher in patients with mutant EGFR. Endocan facilitated EGFR signaling via direct binding and enhancing of the EGF-EGFR interaction and supported the growth of tumors driven by mutated EGFR. Activated EGFR in turn upregulated expression of endocan via JAK/STAT3 and ERK/ELK cascades, thus forming a positive regulatory loop of endocan-EGFR signaling. On the basis of the binding region between endocan and EGFR, we designed therapeutic peptides and demonstrated promising therapeutic effects in xenografts harboring EGFR mutations including TKI-resistant T790M. Together, our findings highlight the novel interaction between endocan and EGFR and new opportunities to effectively target endocan-EGFR regulatory axis in patients with TKI-resistant NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: Endocan is a novel and critical regulator of EGF/EGFR signaling and serves as an alternative target of EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Fan Pan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng Tan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Gu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Chang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Bhalerao A, Mikelis CM, Cucullo L, German NA. Assessing the Current State of Lung Cancer Chemoprevention: A Comprehensive Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1265. [PMID: 32429547 PMCID: PMC7281533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention of lung cancer is thought to significantly reduce the risk of acquiring these conditions in the subpopulation of patients with underlying health issues, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder and smoking-associated lung problems. Many strategies have been tested in the previous decades, with very few translating to successful clinical trials in specific subpopulations of patients. In this review, we analyze these strategies, as well as new approaches that have emerged throughout the last few years, including synthetic lethality concept and microbiome-induced regulation of lung carcinogenesis. Overall, the continuous effort in the area of lung chemoprevention is required to develop practical therapeutical approaches. Given the inconsistency of results obtained in clinical trials targeting lung cancer chemoprevention in various subgroups of patients that differ in the underlying health condition, race, and gender, we believe that individualized approaches will have more promise than generalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraf-Uz-Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; (M.A.-U.-Z.); (A.B.); (C.M.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Aditya Bhalerao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; (M.A.-U.-Z.); (A.B.); (C.M.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; (M.A.-U.-Z.); (A.B.); (C.M.M.); (L.C.)
- Center for Blood-Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; (M.A.-U.-Z.); (A.B.); (C.M.M.); (L.C.)
- Center for Blood-Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Nadezhda A. German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; (M.A.-U.-Z.); (A.B.); (C.M.M.); (L.C.)
- Center for Blood-Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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18
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Costanzo M, Romeo A, Cisterna B, Calderan L, Bernardi P, Covi V, Tabaracci G, Malatesta M. Ozone at low concentrations does not affect motility and proliferation of cancer cells in vitro. Eur J Histochem 2020; 64. [PMID: 32241095 PMCID: PMC7137928 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2020.3119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to low ozone concentrations is used in medicine as an adjuvant/complementary treatment for a variety of diseases. The therapeutic potential of low ozone concentrations relies on their capability to increase the nuclear translocation of the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thus inducing the transcription of Antioxidant Response Elements (ARE)-driven genes and, through a cascade of events, a general cytoprotective response. However, based on the controversial role of Nrf2 in cancer initiation, progression and resistance to therapies, possible negative effects of ozone therapy may be hypothesised in oncological patients. With the aim to elucidate the possible changes in morphology, migration capability and proliferation of cancer cells following mild ozone exposure, we performed wound healing experiments in vitro on HeLa cells treated with low ozone concentrations currently used in the clinical practice. By combining a multimodal microscopy approach (light and fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy) with morphometric analyses, we demonstrated that, under our experimental conditions, exposure to low ozone concentrations does not alter cytomorphology, motility and proliferation features, thus supporting the notion that ozone therapy should not positively affect tumour cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Costanzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona.
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19
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El‐Naggar AM, Somasekharan SP, Wang Y, Cheng H, Negri GL, Pan M, Wang XQ, Delaidelli A, Rafn B, Cran J, Zhang F, Zhang H, Colborne S, Gleave M, Mandinova A, Kedersha N, Hughes CS, Surdez D, Delattre O, Wang Y, Huntsman DG, Morin GB, Sorensen PH. Class I HDAC inhibitors enhance YB-1 acetylation and oxidative stress to block sarcoma metastasis. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e48375. [PMID: 31668005 PMCID: PMC6893361 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcomes for metastatic Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma are dismal and have not changed for decades. Oxidative stress attenuates melanoma metastasis, and melanoma cells must reduce oxidative stress to metastasize. We explored this in sarcomas by screening for oxidative stress sensitizers, which identified the class I HDAC inhibitor MS-275 as enhancing vulnerability to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sarcoma cells. Mechanistically, MS-275 inhibits YB-1 deacetylation, decreasing its binding to 5'-UTRs of NFE2L2 encoding the antioxidant factor NRF2, thereby reducing NFE2L2 translation and synthesis of NRF2 to increase cellular ROS. By global acetylomics, MS-275 promotes rapid acetylation of the YB-1 RNA-binding protein at lysine-81, blocking binding and translational activation of NFE2L2, as well as known YB-1 mRNA targets, HIF1A, and the stress granule nucleator, G3BP1. MS-275 dramatically reduces sarcoma metastasis in vivo, but an MS-275-resistant YB-1K81-to-alanine mutant restores metastatic capacity and NRF2, HIF1α, and G3BP1 synthesis in MS-275-treated mice. These studies describe a novel function for MS-275 through enhanced YB-1 acetylation, thus inhibiting YB-1 translational control of key cytoprotective factors and its pro-metastatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M El‐Naggar
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
- Department of PathologyFaculty of MedicineMenoufia UniversityShibin El KomEgypt
| | | | - Yemin Wang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | | | | | - Melvin Pan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | - Xue Qi Wang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | - Alberto Delaidelli
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | - Bo Rafn
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | - Jordan Cran
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vancouver Prostate CentreVancouverBCCanada
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | | | | | - Anna Mandinova
- Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Nancy Kedersha
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Christopher S Hughes
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | | | | | | | - David G Huntsman
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
| | - Gregg B Morin
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences CentreVancouverBCCanada
| | - Poul H Sorensen
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancerpart of the Provincial Health Services AuthorityVancouverBCCanada
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20
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Sprooten J, Garg AD. Type I interferons and endoplasmic reticulum stress in health and disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 350:63-118. [PMID: 32138904 PMCID: PMC7104985 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) comprise of pro-inflammatory cytokines created, as well as sensed, by all nucleated cells with the main objective of blocking pathogens-driven infections. Owing to this broad range of influence, type I IFNs also exhibit critical functions in many sterile inflammatory diseases and immunopathologies, especially those associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-driven signaling pathways. Indeed, over the years accumulating evidence has indicated that the presence of ER stress can influence the production, or sensing of, type I IFNs induced by perturbations like pattern recognition receptor (PRR) agonists, infections (bacterial, viral or parasitic) or autoimmunity. In this article we discuss the link between type I IFNs and ER stress in various diseased contexts. We describe how ER stress regulates type I IFNs production or sensing, or how type I IFNs may induce ER stress, in various circumstances like microbial infections, autoimmunity, diabetes, cancer and other ER stress-related contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Sprooten
- Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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21
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Identification of novel Nrf2 target genes as prognostic biomarkers in colitis-associated colorectal cancer in Nrf2-deficient mice. Life Sci 2019; 238:116968. [PMID: 31628914 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of many cytoprotective genes, plays a protective role in carcinogenesis. Recent studies have identified a specific gene-expression signature regulated by the Nrf2 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma and head-and-neck squamous cell cancer. However, the roles of Nrf2 in the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CACC) have not been well characterized. Nrf2 target genes as prognostic biomarkers in CACC remain to be explored. Thus, this work aimed to identify the molecular changes that occur during mouse CACC progression to facilitate the development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. MAIN METHODS The CACC model was established using azoxymethane (AOM) with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) in BALB/c mice for 3 weeks to induce colitis-associated adenoma (CAA, early stage) and for 9 weeks to induce colitis-associated carcinoma (CAC, late stage). Using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses we examined the mRNA expression profiles of 6 groups: wild-type control (WT-C), WT-CAA, WT-CAC, Nrf2 knockout control (Nrf2KO-C), Nrf2KO-CAA, and Nrf2KO-CAC. KEY FINDINGS In the AOM/DSS model of colitis-associated tumorigenesis, Nrf2-/- mice showed a phenotype similar to WT mice, but with significantly more tumors and a much higher percentage of adenocarcinomas. We identified 47 novel Nrf2 genes via gene expression profiling of tumor samples. Survival analysis showed that 23 of these genes were biomarkers of a poor prognosis in colon cancer patients. SIGNIFICANCE Nrf2 target genes deserve exploration as prognostic and therapeutic targets for CRC.
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22
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Chien MH, Lin YW, Wen YC, Yang YC, Hsiao M, Chang JL, Huang HC, Lee WJ. Targeting the SPOCK1-snail/slug axis-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by apigenin contributes to repression of prostate cancer metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:246. [PMID: 31182131 PMCID: PMC6558790 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered one of the most prevalent malignancy globally, and metastasis is a major cause of death. Apigenin (API) is a dietary flavonoid which exerts an antimetastatic effect in various cancer types. Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv, and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 1 (SPOCK1) is a crucial modulator of tumor growth and metastasis in cancers. However, the role and underlying regulatory mechanisms of SPOCK1 in the API-mediated antimetastatic effects of PCa remain unclear. Methods MTS, colony formation, wound-healing, and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of API on PCa cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive potentials. In vivo orthotopic bioluminescent xenograft model were employed to determine antitumor activity of API. PCa cells were transfected with either Snail-, Slug-, SPOCK1-overexpressing vector, or small hairpin (sh)SPOCK1 to determine the invasive abilities and expression levels of SPOCK1 and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers in response to API treatment. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were carried out to evaluate the expression level of SPOCK1 in PCa xenografts and a PCa tissue array. Associations of SPOCK1 expression with clinicopathological features and prognoses of patients with PCa were analyzed by GEO or TCGA RNA-sequencing data. Results API significantly suppressed in vitro PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited in vivo PCa tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, survival times of animals were also prolonged after API treatment. Mechanistic studies revealed that API treatment resulted in downregulation of SPOCK1, which was accompanied by reduced expressions of mesenchymal markers and subsequent attenuation of invasive abilities of PCa cells. Overexpression of SPOCK1 in PCa xenografts resulted in significant promotion of tumor progression and relieved the anticancer activities induced by API, whereas knockdown of SPOCK1 had opposite effects. In clinical, SPOCK1 levels were higher in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues, which was also significantly correlated with shorter disease-free survival in PCa patients. Conclusions Levels of SPOCK1 increase with the progression of human PCa which suggests that SPOCK1 may act as a prognostic marker or therapeutic target for patients with PCa. Suppression of SPOCK1-mediated EMT signaling contributes to the antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities of API in vitro and in vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1247-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital,
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Junn-Liang Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Gao L, Yuan F, Che G, Xiao X, Nie X, Wang Y, Jia J, Kong AN, Zhang L. Epigenetic modifications but not genetic polymorphisms regulate KEAP1 expression in colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12311-12320. [PMID: 30825237 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), as a negative regulator of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 ( NRF2), plays a pivotal role in NRF2 signaling pathway and involves in tumorigenesis. Polymorphisms and methylation in gene promoter region may influence its expression and be related to cancer susceptibility. In this study, we examined the effect of the KEAP1-NRF2 interaction on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The polymorphisms of NRF2 and KEAP1 were genotyped using the improved multiplex ligase detection reaction assay. KEAP1 promoter methylation and histone modification were analyzed using bisulfite genome sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, respectively. The KEAP1 rs1048290 CC genotype and C allele were associated with increased risks of CRC (CC vs GG: odds ratio [OR] = 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.78; CC vs GG/GC: OR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.58; C vs G: OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04-1.34). The rs1048290-rs11545829 GT haplotype was associated with a reduced risk of CRC. KEAP1-NRF2 interaction analysis revealed that the rs6721961, rs35652124, rs1048290, and rs11545829 conferred the susceptibility to CRC. The hypermethylation of KEAP1 promoter resulted in lower levels of KEAP1 messenger RNA (mRNA). After treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine/trichostatin A, KEAP1 promoter methylation was decreased and KEAP1 mRNA levels were increased. ChIP-quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed an enhanced enrichment of H3K4Me3 and H3K27Ac to the promoter of KEAP1. In vitro methylation analysis showed that the methylated plasmid decreased the transcriptional activity by 70%-84%. These findings suggest that the KEAP1- NRF2 pathway could potentially impact CRC risk and the downregulation of KEAP1 could be explained in part by epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Fang Yuan
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglu Che
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Nie
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Lin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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24
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Chang JH, Cheng CW, Yang YC, Chen WS, Hung WY, Chow JM, Chen PS, Hsiao M, Lee WJ, Chien MH. Downregulating CD26/DPPIV by apigenin modulates the interplay between Akt and Snail/Slug signaling to restrain metastasis of lung cancer with multiple EGFR statuses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:199. [PMID: 30134935 PMCID: PMC6104010 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis rather than the primary cancer determines the survival of cancer patients. Activation of Akt plays a critical role in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the initial step in lung cancer metastasis. Apigenin (API), a flavonoid with a potent Akt-inhibitory effect, shows oncostatic activities in various cancers. However, the effects of API on metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. METHODS NSCLC cell lines with different epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) statuses and in vivo orthotopic bioluminescent xenograft model were employed to determine antitumor activity of API. Western blot and genetic knockdown by shRNA or genetic overexpression by DNA plasmids were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to investigate the prognosis of API-targeted genes. RESULTS API was demonstrated to inhibit the migration/invasion of NSCLC cells harboring different EGFR statuses via suppressing the Snail/Slug-mediated EMT. Mechanistic investigations showed that CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) was downregulated by API following suppressive interplay of Akt and Snail/Slug signaling to modulate the EMT and the invasive ability of NSCLC cells. CD26 expression was positively correlated with the invasive abilities of NSCLC cells and a worse prognosis of lung cancer patients. Furthermore, we observed that patients with CD26high/Akthigh tumors had the shortest recurrence-free survival times. In vivo, API drastically reduced the growth and metastasis of A549 xenografts through targeting CD26. CONCLUSIONS CD26 may be a useful biomarker for predicting NSCLC progression. API effectively suppressed lung cancer progression by targeting the CD26-Akt-Snail/Slug signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Hwa Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shen Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yueh Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Chow
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111 Hsing Long Road, Section 3, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111 Hsing Long Road, Section 3, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Prestigiacomo V, Suter-Dick L. Nrf2 protects stellate cells from Smad-dependent cell activation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201044. [PMID: 30028880 PMCID: PMC6054401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) orchestrate the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and are the primary effector of liver fibrosis. Several factors, including TGF-β1, PDGF and oxidative stress, have been shown to trigger HSC activation. However, the involvement of cellular defence mechanisms, such as the activation of antioxidant response by Nrf2/Keap1 in the modulation of HSC activation is not known. The aim of this work was to elucidate the role of Nrf2 pathway in HSC trans-differentiation involved in the development of fibrosis. To this end, we repressed Nrf2 and Keap1 expression in HSC with specific siRNAs. We then assessed activation markers, as well as proliferation and migration, in both primary and immortalised human HSCs exposed to Smad inhibitors (SB-431542 hydrate and SB-525334), TGF-β1 and/or PDGF. Our results indicate that knocking down Nrf2 induces HSC activation, as shown by an increase in αSMA-positive cells and by gene expression induction of ECM components (collagens and fibronectin). HSC with reduced Nrf2-levels also showed an increase in migration and a decrease in proliferation. We could also demonstrate that the activation of Nrf2-deficient HSC involves the TGF-β1/Smad pathway, as the activation was successfully inhibited with the two tested Smad inhibitors. Moreover, TGF-β1 elicited a stronger induction of HSC activation markers in Nrf2 deficient cells than in wild type cells. Thus, our data suggest that Nrf2 limits HSCs activation, through the inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Prestigiacomo
- University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Muttenz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Muttenz, Switzerland
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26
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Adams O, Janser FA, Dislich B, Berezowska S, Humbert M, Seiler CA, Kroell D, Slotta-Huspenina J, Feith M, Ott K, Tschan MP, Langer R. A specific expression profile of LC3B and p62 is associated with nonresponse to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal adenocarcinomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197610. [PMID: 29897944 PMCID: PMC5999293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a powerful chemotherapeutic drug, used for the treatment of many cancer types, including esophageal adenocarcinomas (EAC). Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation process maintaining cellular homeostasis. Defective autophagy has been implicated in cancer biology and therapy resistance. We aimed to assess the impact of autophagy on chemotherapy response in EAC, with a special focus on paclitaxel. Responsiveness of EAC cell lines, OE19, FLO-1, OE33 and SK-GT-4, to paclitaxel was assessed using Alamar Blue assays. Autophagic flux upon paclitaxel treatment in vitro was assessed by immunoblotting of LC3B-II and quantitative assessment of WIP1 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry for the autophagy markers LC3B and p62 was applied on tumor tissue from 149 EAC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, including pre- and post-therapeutic samples (62 matched pairs). Tumor response was assessed by histology. For comparison, previously published data on 114 primary resected EAC cases were used. EAC cell lines displayed differing responsiveness to paclitaxel treatment; however this was not associated with differential autophagy regulation. High p62 cytoplasmic expression on its own (p ≤ 0.001), or in combination with low LC3B (p = 0.034), was associated with nonresponse to chemotherapy, regardless of whether or not the regiments contained paclitaxel, but there was no independent prognostic value of LC3B or p62 expression patterns for EAC after neoadjuvant treatment. p62 and related pathways, most likely other than autophagy, play a role in chemotherapeutic response in EAC in a clinical setting. Therefore p62 could be a novel therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance in EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Adams
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Félice A. Janser
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bastian Dislich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Magali Humbert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian A. Seiler
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital University Hospital Bern and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dino Kroell
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital University Hospital Bern and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcus Feith
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Katja Ott
- Department of Surgery, RoMED Klinikum, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Mario P. Tschan
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rupert Langer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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27
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Cheng YM, Lin PL, Wu DW, Wang L, Huang CC, Lee H. PSMD4 is a novel therapeutic target in chemoresistant colorectal cancer activated by cytoplasmic localization of Nrf2. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26342-26352. [PMID: 29899863 PMCID: PMC5995171 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Nrf2 (nNrf2) binding to the antioxidant response element may promote chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. However, the shuttling of Nrf2 between cytoplasm and nucleus in colon cancer cells has revealed the possibility that cytoplasmic location of Nrf2 (cNrf2) may play a specific role in chemoresistance. Transfection of a nuclear location sequence (NLS)-wild-type or NLS-mutated Nrf2 expression vector into a stable shNrf2 HCT116 clone using the MTT assay to examine whether chemoresistance induced by cNrf2 may be greater than nNrf2. Different specific inhibitors and small hairpin (sh)RNAs of targeting genes were used to verify the mechanistic action of cNrf2 in chemoresistance and further confirmed by an animal model. The association of cNrf2 with chemotherapeutic response in patients with colorectal cancer was statistically analyzed. The MTT assay indicated that cNrf2 may play a more important role than nNrf2 in conferring 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin resistance in HCT116 cells. Mechanistically, cNrf2-induced PSMD4 expression was responsible for chemoresistance in the NLS-mutated Nrf2-tranfected shNrf2HCT116 clone via the NF-κB/AKT/β-catenin/ZEB1 cascades. The tumor burden induced by the NLS-mutated Nrf2-transfected shNrf2HCT116 clone was completely suppressed by treatment with 5-FU in combination with carfilzomib. A higher prevalence of unfavorable chemotherapeutic response in colorectal cancer patients with cNrf2, PSMD4-positive, p-p65-positive, and nuclear β-catenin tumors was observed when compared to their counterparts. cNrf2 may play a more important role than nNrf2 in the chemoresistance of colorectal cancer. Activation of the NF-κB/AKT/β-catenin/ZEB1 cascade by PSMD4 may be responsible for cNrf2-mediated chemoresistance. CONDENSED ABSTRACT CNrf2 may play a more important role than nNrf2 in conferring 5-FU and oxaliplatin resistance. This observation in patients seemed to support the findings of the cell and animal models and suggested that PSMD4 may be responsible cNrf2-mediated chemoresistance via the NF-κB/AKT/β-catenin /ZEB1 cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Min Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee Wang
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chou Huang
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Epigenetic versus Genetic Deregulation of the KEAP1/NRF2 Axis in Solid Tumors: Focus on Methylation and Noncoding RNAs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2492063. [PMID: 29643973 PMCID: PMC5872633 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2492063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative and electrophilic changes in cells are mainly coordinated by the KEAP1/NRF2 (Kelch-like erythroid-derived cap-n-collar homology- (ECH-) associated protein-1/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) axis. The physical interaction between these two proteins promotes the expression of several antioxidant defense genes in response to exogenous and endogenous insults. Recent studies demonstrated that KEAP1/NRF2 axis dysfunction is also strongly related to tumor progression and chemo- and radiotherapy resistance of cancer cells. In solid tumors, the KEAP1/NRF2 system is constitutively activated by the loss of KEAP1 or gain of NFE2L2 functions that leads to its nuclear accumulation and enhances the transcription of many cytoprotective genes. In addition to point mutations, epigenetic abnormalities, as aberrant promoter methylation, and microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) deregulation were reported as emerging mechanisms of KEAP1/NRF2 axis modulation. This review will summarize the current knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms that deregulate the KEAP1/NRF2 cascade in solid tumors and their potential usefulness as prognostic and predictive molecular markers.
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29
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A review of S100 protein family in lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 476:54-59. [PMID: 29146477 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
S100 protein family, representing 25 relatively small calcium binding proteins, has been reported to be involved in multiple stages of tumorigenesis and progression. These proteins are considered having potential value to be adopted as novel biomarkers in the detection and accurate prediction of many kinds of tumors, including lung cancer. As the one having the highest morbidity and mortality among all cancers, lung carcinoma is still occult for detection, especially at early stage. S100 proteins take participation in the lung neoplasia through playing intracellular and/or extracellular functions, therefore getting involved in a variety of biological processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and migration. A few members have also been testified to modulate TGF-β/Smad-3 mediated transcriptional activity of target genes involved in tumor promotion. In addition to that, a number of proteins in this family have already been reported to experience an abnormal trend in lung cancer at cell, serum and tissue levels. Thus, S100 proteins may serve as effective biomarkers for suspected or already diagnosed lung cancer patients. In future, S100 protein family might be applied as therapeutic targets in clinical treatment of lung cancer. In this review, we firstly summed up the biological and clinical evidence connecting S100 proteins and lung cancer, which has not been summarized before.
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Pandey P, Singh AK, Singh M, Tewari M, Shukla HS, Gambhir IS. The see-saw of Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 116:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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31
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Wang Y, Yu RY, Zhang J, Zhang WX, Huang ZH, Hu HF, Li YL, Li B, He QY. Inhibition of Nrf2 enhances the anticancer effect of 6-O-angeloylenolin in lung adenocarcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 129:43-53. [PMID: 28104435 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
6-O-Angeloylenolin (6-OA), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Centipeda minima (L.) A. Br. (Compositae), has been used to treat respiratory diseases for centuries. However, whether and how 6-OA exerts anticancer effects against lung cancer remains to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that 6-OA markedly suppressed the cell viability and colony formation of lung cancer cells H1299 and A549, with no significant toxic effect on non-cancer cells HBE. Annexin V/7-AAD assay revealed that 6-OA induced cell apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manners, which was further confirmed by the increased expression of cleaved caspase-3. To uncover the molecular mechanism how 6-OA exerts its anticancer effects, SILAC quantitative proteomics was performed to identify 6-OA-regulated proteins in lung cancer cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that these 6-OA-regulated proteins were mainly involved in Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response, which was confirmed by the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 upon 6-OA treatment. Moreover, we found that 6-OA stimulated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas inhibition of ROS generation with N-acetyl l-cysteine could block the 6-OA-induced anticancer effects. Furthermore, blockade of cellular anti-oxidative system by Nrf2 knockdown significantly augmented the 6-OA-induced apoptosis. Taken together, we demonstrated that 6-OA exerts its anticancer effects by generating ROS, and inhibition of Nrf2 anti-oxidative system potentiated these effects. These results suggest that 6-OA may be used to treat lung cancer, with better outcome by combining with Nrf2 inhibitor to block Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ru-Yuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui-Fang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yao-Lan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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32
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Liu Y, Liu L, Yu T, Lin HC, Chu D, Deng W, Yan MX, Li J, Yao M. Systematic analysis of mRNA expression profiles in NSCLC cell lines to screen metastasis-related genes. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5093-5103. [PMID: 27840927 PMCID: PMC5355670 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer in humans and has the lowest survival outcomes due to its high metastatic potential. The aim of the present study was to screen for metastasis-related genes (MRGs) by investigating the differential expression genes (DEGs) identified by the mRNA expression profiles in SPC-A-1sci (highly metastatic) and SPC-A-1 (parental) cells. DEGs were screened using Genespring software. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses of these DEGs were performed. Interaction networks between the proteins encoded by the DEGs were identified using the database BioGRID and were visualized by Cytoscape. Modular analysis of the protein-protein interaction network was performed in CFinder. Among these DEGs, the expression levels of 18 genes were examined in SPC-A-1sci and SPC-A-1 cell lines with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and 10 of the 18 genes were assessed by western blotting to validate the results of the microarray. Furthermore, the role of metallothionein 1X (MT1X) in non-small cell lung cancer was explored in functional assays and 72 pairs of clinical samples in vitro. Finally, 4,838 DEGs were screened, including 798 upregulated and 4,040 downregulated genes. The significantly enriched functions included gene expression, cytosol and poly-(A) RNA binding, and the most enriched pathway was biosynthesis of antibiotics. Furthermore, MT1X was revealed to promote the migration and invasion ability in SPC-A-1sci and PC-9 lung cancer cell lines. Therefore, MT1X was identified as a candidate MRG through systematic analysis in the present microarray, which was demonstrated to offer potential reference value in screening MRGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - He-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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33
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Chen J, Yu Y, Ji T, Ma R, Chen M, Li G, Li F, Ding Q, Kang Q, Huang D, Liang X, Lin H, Cai X. Clinical implication of Keap1 and phosphorylated Nrf2 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2678-2687. [PMID: 27650414 PMCID: PMC5083719 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, variation tendency of phosphorylated Nrf2, as the activated form of native Nrf2, was studied in 107 primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens treated by curative hepatectomy. Moreover, the coexpression of oxidative stress markers Keap1 and pNrf2, and their association with pathological features were also evaluated based on those specimens. The results showed that preserved cytoplasmic Keap1 expression of cancer cells was observed in 59 HCCs, while reduced Keap1 expression was determined in remaining 48 ones. With regarding to nuclear pNrf2 expression, 75 HCCs were defined as high and the other 32 ones as low. There was a significant association between Keap1 and pNrf2 expression in HCCs. Higher pNrf2 expression was observed, at a more substantial proportion, in those specimens with reduced Keap1 expression, compared to those with preserved Keap1 expression. The subset with higher pNrf2 and reduced Keap1 expression was defined as pNrf2+ Keap1−. According to the analysis of prognosis, this subset was significantly associated with poor 5‐year overall survival and worse disease‐free survival in HCCs, indicating that pNrf2 and Keap1 were two‐functional biomolecules, not only the oxidative stress markers but also biomarkers for prognosis of HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaojun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Surgery, Zhejiang University Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaofeng Li
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feibo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Putuo hospital, zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Putuo hospital, zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingsong Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Putuo hospital, zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Diyu Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Gęgotek A, Nikliński J, Žarković N, Žarković K, Waeg G, Łuczaj W, Charkiewicz R, Skrzydlewska E. Lipid mediators involved in the oxidative stress and antioxidant defence of human lung cancer cells. Redox Biol 2016; 9:210-219. [PMID: 27567474 PMCID: PMC5007445 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The oxidative modifications of bioactive macromolecules have important roles in carcinogenesis. Of particular interest are lipid peroxidation products, which are involved in the activation of Nrf2 and endocannabinoids that affect cancer progression. Methods In lung cancer tissues (squamous cell lung carcinoma - SCC and adenocarcinoma - AC), the glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity and glutathione level, together with the expression of Nrf2 and its activators/inhibitors were estimated. The oxidative modifications of DNA (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and N7-methylguanine), endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2- arachidonylglyceriol), their receptors (CB1/2, TRV1, GPR55), phospholipid fatty acids (arachidonic, linoleic and docosahexaenoic), and reactive aldehydes (4-hydroxynonenal, 4-oxononenal and malondialdehyde) were determined. Results Tumour tissues showed lower antioxidant capacity than healthy tissues, which was accompanied by lower levels of fatty acids and higher levels of reactive aldehydes. Disturbances in antioxidant capacity and enhanced DNA oxidative modifications were observed in 88% of AC patients and 81% of SCC patients. The 4-hydroxynonenal-Histidine adducts were detected in the necrotic and stromal cells in all tumours. These findings were associated with the enhanced Nrf2 activity, especially in AC. The strong difference between the cancer subtypes was evident in the levels of endocannabinoids, with an increase in 89% of SCC and a decrease in 85% of AC patients being observed. Additionally, the increase in the expression of CB1/2 receptors was observed only in 82% of AC, while the expression of VR1 and GPR55 was enhanced in 79% of SCC and 82% of AC patients. Conclusions This study shows significant differences in the redox status, Nrf2 pathway and endocannabinoid system between SCC and AC tissues. Understanding the relation between the various lipid mediators and antioxidants in different lung cancer subtypes may be beginning for further research on the effective anticancer therapy. AC tissues show lower antioxidant capacity than SCC. Nrf2/ARE pathway is activated stronger in AC than in SCC. AC exhibits more lipid oxidative modifications than SCC. HNE-protein adducts are detected in the necrotic and stromal cells in SCC and AC. SCC exhibits increase in endocannabinoids level while in AC reverse effect is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Departments of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Nikliński
- Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Kamelija Žarković
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Division of Pathology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Georg Waeg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl Franzens University in Graz, Austria
| | - Wojciech Łuczaj
- Departments of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Departments of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
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Zhang Y, Fan H, Fang S, Wang L, Chen L, Jin Y, Jiang W, Lin Z, Shi Y, Zhan C, Wang Q. Mutations and expression of the NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 pathway in Chinese patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:1639-44. [PMID: 27499952 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.06.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported an abnormally high alteration rate in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2)/kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/cullin 3 (CUL3) pathway. But the status of this pathway in Chinese patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) has not been thoroughly studied, and there are many uncertainties regarding the expression of pathway intermediates. METHODS cDNA sequencing and TaqMan qRT-PCR were carried out in paired cancer and adjacent normal samples obtained from 100 Chinese patients with lung SqCC. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in 50 other paraffin-embedded specimens. RESULTS We detected 47 mutations in 36 patients (36%), and 143 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 59 patients (59%), of which 41 mutations and 31 SNPs resulted in amino acid (AA) and possibly functional changes. By combining qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining, we confirmed that the expression of NFE2L2 and KEAP1 were highly increased, while the expression of CUL3 was not significantly changed in lung SqCC samples from Chinese patients. CONCLUSIONS Considering the frequent mutations and abnormal expression, the NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 pathway may play an important role in the therapy of Chinese patients with lung SqCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yulin Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zongwu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Predicting Diagnostic Gene Biomarkers for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3952494. [PMID: 27579312 PMCID: PMC4989060 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3952494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the primary reason for death due to cancer worldwide, and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Most patients die from complications of NSCLC due to poor diagnosis. In this paper, we aimed to predict gene biomarkers that may be of use for diagnosis of NSCLC by integrating differential gene expression analysis with functional association network analysis. We first constructed an NSCLC-specific functional association network by combining gene expression correlation with functional association. Then, we applied a network partition algorithm to divide the network into gene modules and identify the most NSCLC-specific gene modules based on their differential expression pattern in between normal and NSCLC samples. Finally, from these modules, we identified genes that exhibited the most impact on the expression of their functionally associated genes in between normal and NSCLC samples and predicted them as NSCLC biomarkers. Literature review of the top predicted gene biomarkers suggested that most of them were already considered critical for development of NSCLC.
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37
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Lin CW, Yang WE, Lee WJ, Hua KT, Hsieh FK, Hsiao M, Chen CC, Chow JM, Chen MK, Yang SF, Chien MH. Lipocalin 2 prevents oral cancer metastasis through carbonic anhydrase IX inhibition and is associated with favourable prognosis. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:712-722. [PMID: 27207653 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a secreted glycoprotein, is up- or downregulated in different human cancers. At present, the functional role of LCN2 in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which accounts for most head and neck cancers, remains poorly understood, particularly with respect to its involvement in invasion and metastasis. In this study, we observed that LCN2 expression decreased in patients with OSCC and lymph node metastasis compared with that in patients without metastasis. A higher LCN2 expression correlated with the survival of patients with OSCC. Furthermore, LCN2 overexpression in OSCC cells reduced in vitro migration and invasion and in vivo metastasis, whereas its silencing induced an increase in cell motility. Mechanistically, LCN2 inhibited the cell motility of OSCC cells through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α-dependent transcriptional inhibition of the carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). CAIX overexpression relieved the migration inhibition imposed by LCN2 overexpression in OSCC cells. Moreover, a microRNA (miR) analysis revealed that LCN2 can suppress CAIX expression and cell migration through miR-4505 induction. Examination of tumour tissues from patients with OSCC and OSCC-transplanted mice revealed an inverse correlation between LCN2 and CAIX expression. Furthermore, patients with LCN2(strong)/CAIX(weak) revealed the lowest frequency of lymph node metastasis and the longest survival. Our findings suggest that LCN2 suppresses tumour metastasis by targeting the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of CAIX in OSCC cells. LCN2 overexpression may be a novel OSCC treatment strategy and a useful biomarker for predicting OSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Koo Hsieh
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Chen
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Shin-Kong Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Chow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan and
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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