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Wang W, Kojima H, Gao M, Yin X, Uchida T, Ni J. Optimization of O/W Emulsion Solvent Evaporation Method for Itraconazole Sustained Release Microspheres. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:520-527. [PMID: 37394601 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Itraconazole, a commonly used antifungal drug in the clinic approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has been gradually found to have anti-tumor, angiogenesis inhibition and other pharmacological activities. However, its poor water solubility and potential toxicity limited its clinical application. In order to improve the water solubility and reduce the side effects caused by the high concentration of itraconazole, a novel preparation method of itraconazole sustained release microspheres was established in this study. Firstly, five kinds of polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres loaded with itraconazole were prepared by oil/water (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation and then characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Then the particle size and morphology of the microspheres were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). After that, the particle size distribution, drug loading rate, entrapment efficiency, and drug release experiments were evaluated. Our results showed the microspheres prepared in this study had uniform particle size distribution and good integrity. Further study found that the average drug loading of the five kinds of microspheres prepared with PLGA 7505, PLGA 7510, PLGA 7520, PLGA 5020 and PLGA 0020 were 16.88, 17.72, 16.72, 16.57, and 16.64%, respectively, and the encapsulation rate all reached about 100%. More surprisingly, the release experimental results showed that the microspheres prepared with PLGA 7520 did not show sudden release, showing good sustained release performance and high drug release rate. To sum up, this study optimized the preparation method of sustained-release microspheres without sudden release, which provides a new solution for the delivery of itraconazole in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Honami Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Ming Gao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Takahiro Uchida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
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2
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Liu J, Li T, Li R, Wang J, Li P, Niu M, Zhang L, Li C, Wang T, Xiao X, Wang JB, Wang Y. Hepatic Organoid-Based High-Content Imaging Boosts Evaluation of Stereoisomerism-Dependent Hepatotoxicity of Stilbenes in Herbal Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:862830. [PMID: 35656304 PMCID: PMC9152290 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.862830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of chemical components of herbal medicines often causes great barriers to toxicity research. In our previous study, we have found the critical divergent hepatotoxic potential of a pair of stilbene isomers in a famous traditional Chinese herb, Polygonum multiflorum (Heshouwu in Chinese). However, the high-throughput in vitro evaluation for such stereoisomerism-dependent hepatotoxicity is a critical challenge. In this study, we used a hepatic organoids–based in vitro hepatotoxic evaluation system in conjunction with using high content imaging to differentiate in vivo organ hepatotoxicity of the 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside (trans-SG) and its cis-isomer (cis-SG). By using such an organoid platform, we successfully differentiated the two stereoisomers’ hepatotoxic potentials, which were in accordance with their differences in rodents and humans. The lesion mechanism of the toxic isomer (cis-SG) was further found as the mitochondrial injury by high-content imaging, and its hepatotoxicity could be dose-dependently inhibited by the mitochondrial protective agent. These results demonstrated the utility of the organoids-based high-content imaging approach in evaluating and predicting organ toxicity of natural products in a low-cost and high-throughput way. It also suggested the rationale to use long-term cultured organoids as an alternative toxicology platform to identify early and cautiously the hepatotoxic new drug candidates in the preclinical phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihong Li
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyan Li
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Nephrology Combined with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Lima TS, Souza LO, Iglesias-Gato D, Elversang J, Jørgensen FS, Kallunki T, Røder MA, Brasso K, Moreira JM. Itraconazole Reverts ABCB1-Mediated Docetaxel Resistance in Prostate Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869461. [PMID: 35721223 PMCID: PMC9203833 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) was the first chemotherapeutic agent to demonstrate significant efficacy in the treatment of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, response to DTX is generally short-lived, and relapse eventually occurs due to emergence of drug-resistance. We previously established two DTX-resistant prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaPR and C4-2BR, derived from the androgen‐dependent LNCaP cell line, and from the LNCaP lineage-derived androgen-independent C4-2B sub-line, respectively. Using an unbiased drug screen, we identify itraconazole (ITZ), an oral antifungal drug, as a compound that can efficiently re-sensitize drug-resistant LNCaPR and C4-2BR prostate cancer cells to DTX treatment. ITZ can re-sensitize multiple DTX-resistant cell models, not only in prostate cancer derived cells, such as PC-3 and DU145, but also in docetaxel-resistant breast cancer cells. This effect is dependent on expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter protein ABCB1, also known as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Molecular modeling of ITZ bound to ABCB1, indicates that ITZ binds tightly to the inward-facing form of ABCB1 thereby inhibiting the transport of DTX. Our results suggest that ITZ may provide a feasible approach to re-sensitization of DTX resistant cells, which would add to the life-prolonging effects of DTX in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago S. Lima
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luciano O. Souza
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Diego Iglesias-Gato
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johanna Elversang
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Steen Jørgensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tuula Kallunki
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cancer Invasion and Resistance, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin A. Røder
- Department of Urology, Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Center for Cancer and Organ Disease—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Department of Urology, Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Center for Cancer and Organ Disease—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - José M.A. Moreira
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: José M.A. Moreira,
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4
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El-Sheridy NA, El-Moslemany RM, Ramadan AA, Helmy MW, El-Khordagui LK. Enhancing the in vitro and in vivo activity of itraconazole against breast cancer using miltefosine-modified lipid nanocapsules. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:906-919. [PMID: 33960245 PMCID: PMC8131005 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1917728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Itraconazole (ITC), a well-tolerated antifungal drug, exerts multiple anticancer effects which justified its preclinical and clinical investigation as potential anti-cancer agent with reduced side effects. Enhancement of ITC anti-cancer efficacy would bring valuable benefits to patients. We propose herein lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) modified with a subtherapeutic dose of miltefosine (MFS) as a membrane bioactive amphiphilic additive (M-ITC-LNC) for the development of an ITC nanoformulation with enhanced anticancer activity compared with ITC solution (ITC-sol) and unmodified ITC-LNC. Both LNC formulations showed a relatively small size (43-46 nm) and high entrapment efficiency (>97%), though ITC release was more sustained by M-ITC-LNC. Cytotoxicity studies revealed significantly greater anticancer activity and selectivity of M-ITC-LNC for MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared with ITC-sol and ITC-LNC. This trend was substantiated by in vivo findings following a 14 day-treatment of murine mammary pad Ehrlich tumors. M-ITC-LNC showed the greatest enhancement of the ITC-induced tumor growth inhibition, proliferation, and necrosis. At the molecular level, the tumor content of Gli 1, caspase-3, and vascular endothelial growth factor verified superiority of M-ITC-LNC in enhancing the ITC antiangiogenic, apoptotic, and Hedgehog pathway inhibitory effects. Finally, histopathological and biochemical analysis indicated greater reduction of ITC systemic toxicity by M-ITC-LNC. Superior performance of M-ITC-LNC was attributed to the effect of MFS on the structural and release properties of LNC coupled with its distinct bioactivities. In conclusion, MFS-modified LNC provides a simple nanoplatform integrating the potentials of LNC and MFS for enhancing the chemotherapeutic efficacy of ITC and possibly other oncology drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila A El-Sheridy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,European Egyptian Pharmaceutical Industries, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Riham M El-Moslemany
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alyaa A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maged W Helmy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Labiba K El-Khordagui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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5
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Li Y, Pasunooti KK, Peng H, Li RJ, Shi WQ, Liu W, Cheng Z, Head SA, Liu JO. Design and Synthesis of Tetrazole- and Pyridine-Containing Itraconazole Analogs as Potent Angiogenesis Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1111-1117. [PMID: 32550989 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Itraconazole, a widely used antifungal drug, was found to possess antiangiogenic activity and is currently undergoing multiple clinical trials for the treatment of different types of cancer. However, it suffers from extremely low solubility and strong interactions with many drugs through inhibition of CYP3A4, limiting its potential as a new antiangiogenic and anticancer drug. To address these issues, a series of analogs in which the phenyl group is replaced with pyridine or fluorine-substituted benzene was synthesized. Among them the pyridine- and tetrazole-containing compound 24 has significantly improved solubility and reduced CYP3A4 inhibition compared to itraconazole. Similar to itraconazole, compound 24 inhibited the AMPK/mTOR signaling axis and the glycosylation of VEGFR2. It also induced cholesterol accumulation in the endolysosome and demonstrated binding to the sterol-sensing domain of NPC1 in a simulation study. These results suggested that compound 24 may serve as an attractive candidate for the development of a new generation of antiangiogenic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Kalyan Kumar Pasunooti
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Hanjing Peng
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Ruo-Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Wei Q Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Wukun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Sarah A Head
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Ban L, Mei T, Su Q, Li W, Huang Z, Liu L, Wu Y, Lv S, Wang A, Li S. Anti-fungal drug itraconazole exerts anti-cancer effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma via suppressing Hedgehog pathway. Life Sci 2020; 254:117695. [PMID: 32407849 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the therapeutic potential of itraconazole in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro anti-cancer effects of itraconazole was determined by CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to examine cell invasion and migration. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of itraconazole was assessed by OSCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Western blot was performed to explore the anti-cancer mechanism. KEY FINDINGS Itraconazole inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation of OSCC cells in a time and concentration dependent manner; induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, as well as inhibited cell invasion and migration. In the OSCC PDX model, itraconazole impeded tumor growth, reduced Ki-67 expression and induced apoptosis. Itraconazole downregulated the protein expression of Hedgehog pathway to inhibit proliferation and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, which can be revised by recombinant human sonic hedgehog protein (rSHH). SIGNIFICANCE Itraconazole showed anti-cancer effects on OSCC via inhibiting the Hedgehog pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxian Ban
- Department of Clinical Trial, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Ting Mei
- Department of Clinical Trial, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Qiao Su
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Wuguo Li
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Zhexun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Shaowen Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China
| | - Anxun Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China.
| | - Su Li
- Department of Clinical Trial, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China.
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7
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Chittasupho C, Kengtrong K, Chalermnithiwong S, Sarisuta N. Anti-angiogenesis by dual action of R5K peptide conjugated itraconazole nanoparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:74. [PMID: 31965399 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of central vision loss and irreversible blindness. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in neovascularization under the retina and macula by promoting endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Although anti-VEGF drugs have shown their efficacy in visual improvement, long-term use of these drugs leads to ocular and systemic complications due to the non-selectivity of the drug. In this study, the dual-mode anti-angiogenic drug delivery system, which potentially inhibited VEGF in two different ways, was developed. The itraconazole encapsulated nanoparticles, conjugated with R5K peptide, were fabricated to allow multivalent binding interactions with VEGF. The R5K peptide blocked VEGF binding to its receptor, while itraconazole altered the signaling pathway of VEGF stimulation. The dual action of this novel drug delivery system aimed to enhance the anti-angiogenic effects of individual drugs. R5K-ITZ-NPs demonstrated potent, cell-type specific, and dose-dependent inhibition of vascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in response to VEGF stimulation. The physical stability study showed that R5K-ITZ-NPs were stable when stored at 4 °C. However, the drug remaining in R5K-ITZ-NPs when stored at 4 °C for 28 days were only 17.2%. The chemical stability test revealed that the degradation of R5K-ITZ-NPs followed second-order kinetics. The release profile showed the burst release of ITZ followed by sustained release of the drug This novel drug delivery system may be an option for neovascular AMD patients who are resistant to ITZ and may represent a novel therapy for AMD.
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Lyu J, Yang EJ, Shim JS. Cholesterol Trafficking: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Angiogenesis and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050389. [PMID: 31035320 PMCID: PMC6562524 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential structural component of cellular membranes. In addition to the structural role, it also serves as a precursor to a variety of steroid hormones and has diverse functions in intracellular signal transduction. As one of its functions in cell signaling, recent evidence suggests that cholesterol plays a key role in regulating angiogenesis. This review discusses the role of cholesterol in angiogenesis, with a particular emphasis on cholesterol trafficking in endothelial cell signaling. Small molecule inhibitors of cholesterol trafficking and their preclinical and clinical development targeting angiogenesis and cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Lyu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Eun Ju Yang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Joong Sup Shim
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
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Li Y, Pasunooti KK, Li RJ, Liu W, Head SA, Shi WQ, Liu JO. Novel Tetrazole-Containing Analogues of Itraconazole as Potent Antiangiogenic Agents with Reduced Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inhibition. J Med Chem 2018; 61:11158-11168. [PMID: 30481027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Itraconazole has been found to possess potent antiangiogenic activity, exhibiting promising antitumor activity in several human clinical studies. The wider use of itraconazole in the treatment of cancer, however, has been limited by its potent inhibition of the drug metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). In an effort to eliminate the CYP3A4 inhibition while retaining its antiangiogenic activity, we designed and synthesized a series of derivatives in which the 1,2,4-triazole ring is replaced with various azoles and nonazoles. Among these analogues, 15n with tetrazole in place of 1,2,4-triazole exhibited optimal inhibition of human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation with an IC50 of 73 nM without a significant effect on CYP3A4 (EC50 > 20 μM). Similar to itraconazole, 15n induced Niemann-Pick C phenotype (NPC phenotype) and blocked AMPK/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling. These results suggest that 15n is a promising angiogenesis inhibitor that can be used in combination with most other known anticancer drugs.
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Lyu J, Yang EJ, Head SA, Ai N, Zhang B, Wu C, Li RJ, Liu Y, Chakravarty H, Zhang S, Tam KY, Dang Y, Kwon HJ, Ge W, Liu JO, Shim JS. Astemizole Inhibits mTOR Signaling and Angiogenesis by Blocking Cholesterol Trafficking. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1175-1185. [PMID: 30123067 PMCID: PMC6097475 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol plays a key role in membrane protein function and signaling in endothelial cells. Thus, disturbing cholesterol trafficking is an effective approach for inhibiting angiogenesis. We recently identified astemizole (AST), an antihistamine drug, as a cholesterol trafficking inhibitor from a phenotypic screen. In this study, we found that AST induced cholesterol accumulation in the lysosome by binding to the sterol-sensing domain of Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1), a lysosomal surface protein responsible for cholesterol transport. Inhibition of cholesterol trafficking by AST led to the depletion of membrane cholesterol, causing SREBP1 nuclear localization. The depletion of membrane cholesterol resulted in dissociation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) from the lysosomal surface and inactivation of mTOR signaling. These effects were effectively rescued by addition of exogenous cholesterol. AST inhibited endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation in a cholesterol-dependent manner. Furthermore, AST inhibited zebrafish angiogenesis in a cholesterol-dependent manner. Together, our data suggest that AST is a new class of NPC1 antagonist that inhibits cholesterol trafficking in endothelial cells and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Lyu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Eun Ju Yang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Sarah A Head
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The SJ Yan and HJ Mao Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nana Ai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Baoyuan Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Changjie Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ruo-Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The SJ Yan and HJ Mao Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yifan Liu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | | | - Shaolin Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yongjun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ho Jeong Kwon
- Chemical Genomics Global Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Ge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The SJ Yan and HJ Mao Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joong Sup Shim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
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11
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Bauer L, Ferla S, Head SA, Bhat S, Pasunooti KK, Shi WQ, Albulescu L, Liu JO, Brancale A, van Kuppeveld FJM, Strating JRPM. Structure-activity relationship study of itraconazole, a broad-range inhibitor of picornavirus replication that targets oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP). Antiviral Res 2018; 156:55-63. [PMID: 29807040 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Itraconazole (ITZ) is a well-known, FDA-approved antifungal drug that is also in clinical trials for its anticancer activity. ITZ exerts its anticancer activity through several disparate targets and pathways. ITZ inhibits angiogenesis by hampering the functioning of the vascular endothelial growth receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and by indirectly inhibiting mTOR signaling. Furthermore, ITZ directly inhibits the growth of several types of tumor cells by antagonizing Hedgehog signaling. Recently, we reported that ITZ also has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against enteroviruses, cardioviruses and hepatitis C virus, independent of established ITZ-activities but instead via a novel target, oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP), a cellular lipid shuttling protein. In this study, we analyzed which structural features of ITZ are important for the OSBP-mediated antiviral activity. The backbone structure, consisting of five rings, and the sec-butyl chain are important for antiviral activity, whereas the triazole moiety, which is critical for antifungal activity, is not. The features required for OSBP-mediated antiviral activity of ITZ overlap mostly with published features required for inhibition of VEGFR2 trafficking, but not Hh signaling. Furthermore, we use in silico studies to explore how ITZ could bind to OSBP. Our data show that several pharmacological activities of ITZ can be uncoupled, which is a critical step in the development of ITZ-based antiviral compounds with greater specificity and reduced off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bauer
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Ferla
- Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Sarah A Head
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shridhar Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kalyan K Pasunooti
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Wei Q Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lucian Albulescu
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrea Brancale
- Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Frank J M van Kuppeveld
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen R P M Strating
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Zhang L, Liu Z, Yang K, Kong C, Liu C, Chen H, Huang J, Qian F. Tumor Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Controlled by Albumin and Micellar Nanoparticles of Itraconazole, a Multitarget Angiogenesis Inhibitor. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4705-4713. [PMID: 29068216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Itraconazole (ITA), an old and widely prescribed antifungal drug with excellent safety profile, has more recently been demonstrated to be a multitarget antiangiogenesis agent affecting multiple angiogenic stimulatory signals and pathways, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) glycosylation, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In this study, we developed two nanoparticle formulations, i.e., polymer micelles (IP2K) and albumin nanoparticles (IBSA), to solubilize the extremely hydrophobic and insoluble ITA to allow intravenous administration and pharmacokinetics (PK)/pharmacodynamics (PD) comparisons. Although none of the formulations showed strong antiproliferation potency against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vitro, when administrated at the equivalent ITA dose to a NSCLC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, IBSA retarded while IP2K accelerated the tumor growth. We attributed the cause of this paradox to formulation-dependent PK and vascular manipulation: IBSA demonstrated a more sustained PK with a Cmax of 60-70% and an AUC ∼2 times of those of IP2K, and alleviated the tumor hypoxia presumably through vascular normalization. In contrast, the high Cmax of IP2K elevated tumor hypoxia through a strong angiogenesis inhibition, which could have aggravated cancer aggressiveness and accelerated tumor growth. Furthermore, IBSA induced minimal hepatic and hematologic toxicities compared to IP2K and significantly enhanced the in vivo tumor inhibition activity of paclitaxel albumin nanoparticles when used in combination. These findings suggest that formulation and pharmacokinetics are critical aspects to be considered when designing the ITA angiogenesis therapy, and IBSA could potentially be assessed as a novel and safe multitarget angiogenesis therapy to be used in combination with other anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhengsheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chao Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medicine College , Beijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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