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Fu Y, Liu R, Zhao Y, Xie Y, Ren H, Wu Y, Zhang B, Chen X, Guo Y, Yao Y, Jiang W, Han R. Veliparib exerts protective effects in intracerebral hemorrhage mice by inhibiting the inflammatory response and accelerating hematoma resolution. Brain Res 2024; 1838:148988. [PMID: 38729332 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have potent anti-inflammatory effects, including the suppression of brain microglial activation. Veliparib, a well-known PARP1/2 inhibitor, exhibits particularly high brain penetration, but its effects on stroke outcome is unknown. Here, the effects of veliparib on the short-term outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the most lethal type of stroke, were investigated. Collagenase-induced mice ICH model was applied, and the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate lesion volume. Motor function and hematoma volume were also measured. We further performed immunofluorescence, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and blood-brain barrier assessment to explore the potential mechanisms. Our results demonstrated veliparib reduced the ICH lesion volume dose-dependently and at a dosage of 5 mg/kg, veliparib significantly improved mouse motor function and promoted hematoma resolution at days 3 and 7 post-ICH. Veliparib inhibited glial activation and downregulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Veliparib significantly decreased microglia counts and inhibited peripheral immune cell infiltration into the brain on day 3 after ICH. Veliparib improved blood-brain barrier integrity at day 3 after ICH. These findings demonstrate that veliparib improves ICH outcome by inhibiting inflammatory responses and may represent a promising novel therapy for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuexin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhan Xie
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Neurology, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Honglei Ren
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bohao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuju Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ranran Han
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Kimura T, Okada K, Morohashi Y, Kato Y, Mori M, Kato H, Matsumoto T, Shimoyama S. Quantification of Unencapsulated Drug in Target Tissues Demonstrates Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Effects of Liposomal Topotecan (FF-10850). Pharm Res 2024; 41:795-806. [PMID: 38536615 PMCID: PMC11024016 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantifying unencapsulated drug concentrations in tissues is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying the efficacy and safety of liposomal drugs; however, the methodology for this has not been fully established. Herein, we aimed to investigate the enhanced therapeutic potential of a pegylated liposomal formulation of topotecan (FF-10850) by analyzing the concentrations of the unencapsulated drug in target tissues, to guide the improvement of its dosing regimen. METHODS We developed a method for measuring unencapsulated topotecan concentrations in tumor and bone marrow interstitial fluid (BM-ISF) and applied this method to pharmacokinetic assessments. The ratios of the area under the concentration-time curves (AUCs) between tumor and BM-ISF were calculated for total and unencapsulated topotecan. DNA damage and antitumor effects of FF-10850 or non-liposomal topotecan (TPT) were evaluated in an ES-2 mice xenograft model. RESULTS FF-10850 exhibited a much larger AUC ratio between tumor and BM-ISF for unencapsulated topotecan (2.96), but not for total topotecan (0.752), than TPT (0.833). FF-10850 promoted milder DNA damage in the bone marrow than TPT; however, FF-10850 and TPT elicited comparable DNA damage in the tumor. These findings highlight the greater tumor exposure to unencapsulated topotecan and lower bone marrow exposure to FF-10850 than TPT. The dosing regimen was successfully improved based on the kinetics of unencapsulated topotecan and DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS Tissue pharmacokinetics of unencapsulated topotecan elucidated the favorable pharmacological properties of FF-10850. Evaluation of tissue exposure to an unencapsulated drug with appropriate pharmacodynamic markers can be valuable in optimizing liposomal drugs and dosing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Kimura
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-Gun, Kanagawa, 258-8577, Japan.
| | - Ken Okada
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-Gun, Kanagawa, 258-8577, Japan
| | - Yasushi Morohashi
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-Gun, Kanagawa, 258-8577, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mikinaga Mori
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-Gun, Kanagawa, 258-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kato
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-Gun, Kanagawa, 258-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumoto
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-Gun, Kanagawa, 258-8577, Japan
| | - Susumu Shimoyama
- FUJIFILM Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc, One Broadway, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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Shimoyama S, Okada K, Kimura T, Morohashi Y, Nakayama S, Kemmochi S, Makita-Suzuki K, Matulonis UA, Mori M. FF-10850, a Novel Liposomal Topotecan Achieves Superior Antitumor Activity via Macrophage- and Ammonia-Mediated Payload Release in the Tumor Microenvironment. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1454-1464. [PMID: 37683276 PMCID: PMC10690090 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Topotecan, an approved treatment for refractory or recurrent ovarian cancer, has clinical limitations such as rapid clearance and hematologic toxicity. To overcome these limitations and maximize clinical benefit, we designed FF-10850, a dihydrosphingomyelin-based liposomal topotecan. FF-10850 demonstrated superior antitumor activity to topotecan in ovarian cancer cell line-based xenograft models, as well as in a clinically relevant DF181 platinum-refractory ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft model. The safety profile was also improved with mitigation of hematologic toxicity. The improved antitumor activity and safety profile are achieved via its preferential accumulation and payload release triggered in the tumor microenvironment. Our data indicate that tumor-associated macrophages internalize FF-10850, resulting in complete payload release. The release mechanism also appears to be mediated by high ammonia concentration resulting from glutaminolysis, which is activated by tumor metabolic reprogramming. In ammonia-rich conditions, FF-10850 released payload more rapidly and to a greater extent than liposomal doxorubicin, a currently approved treatment for ovarian cancer. FF-10850 significantly enhanced antitumor activity in combination with carboplatin or PARP inhibitor without detrimental effects on body weight in murine xenograft models, and demonstrated synergistic antitumor activity combined with anti-PD-1 antibody with the development of tumor antigen-specific immunity. These results support phase I investigation of FF-10850 for the treatment of solid tumors including ovarian cancer (NCT04047251), and further evaluation in combination settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ken Okada
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kimura
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Morohashi
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakayama
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kemmochi
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Makita-Suzuki
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ursula A. Matulonis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mikinaga Mori
- Bio Science & Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
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4
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Abel ML, Takahashi N, Peer C, Redon CE, Nichols S, Vilimas R, Lee MJ, Lee S, Shelat M, Kattappuram R, Sciuto L, Pinkiert D, Graham C, Butcher D, Karim B, Kumar Sharma A, Malin J, Kumar R, Schultz CW, Goyal S, del Rivero J, Krishnamurthy M, Upadhyay D, Schroeder B, Sissung T, Tyagi M, Kim J, Pommier Y, Aladjem M, Raffeld M, Figg WD, Trepel J, Xi L, Desai P, Thomas A. Targeting Replication Stress and Chemotherapy Resistance with a Combination of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Berzosertib: A Phase I Clinical Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3603-3611. [PMID: 37227187 PMCID: PMC10524218 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite promising preclinical studies, toxicities have precluded combinations of chemotherapy and DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitors. We hypothesized that tumor-targeted chemotherapy delivery might enable clinical translation of such combinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase I trial, we combined sacituzumab govitecan, antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that delivers topoisomerase-1 inhibitor SN-38 to tumors expressing Trop-2, with ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibitor berzosertib. Twelve patients were enrolled across three dose levels. RESULTS Treatment was well tolerated, with improved safety over conventional chemotherapy-based combinations, allowing escalation to the highest dose. No dose-limiting toxicities or clinically relevant ≥grade 4 adverse events occurred. Tumor regressions were observed in 2 patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer, and a patient with small cell lung cancer transformed from EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS ADC-based delivery of cytotoxic payloads represents a new paradigm to increase efficacy of DDR inhibitors. See related commentary by Berg and Choudhury, p. 3557.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Abel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Cody Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Christophe E. Redon
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samantha Nichols
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rasa Vilimas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Meenakshi Shelat
- Pharmacy Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robbie Kattappuram
- Pharmacy Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Linda Sciuto
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Danielle Pinkiert
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chante Graham
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Baktiar Karim
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ajit Kumar Sharma
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin Malin
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher W. Schultz
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shubhank Goyal
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jaydira del Rivero
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Manan Krishnamurthy
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Deep Upadhyay
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brett Schroeder
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tristan Sissung
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Manoj Tyagi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mirit Aladjem
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jane Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Parth Desai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Yu X, Zhu L, Wang T, Li L, Liu J, Che G, Zhou Q. Enhancing the anti-tumor response by combining DNA damage repair inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188910. [PMID: 37172653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The anti-cancer efficacy of anti-malignancy therapies is related to DNA damage. However, DNA damage-response mechanisms can repair DNA damage, failing anti-tumor therapy. The resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy remains a clinical challenge. Thus, new strategies to overcome these therapeutic resistance mechanisms are needed. DNA damage repair inhibitors (DDRis) continue to be investigated, with polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase inhibitors being the most studied inhibitors. Evidence of their clinical benefits and therapeutic potential in preclinical studies is growing. In addition to their potential as a monotherapy, DDRis may play an important synergistic role with other anti-cancer therapies or in reversing acquired treatment resistance. Here we review the impact of DDRis on solid tumors and the potential value of combinations of different treatment modalities with DDRis for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10 Qinyun Nan Street, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guowei Che
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Lung Cancer Institute/Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Shastry M, Gupta A, Chandarlapaty S, Young M, Powles T, Hamilton E. Rise of Antibody-Drug Conjugates: The Present and Future. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43:e390094. [PMID: 37229614 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_390094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) embody a simple, but elegant, vision for cancer therapy-the delivery of a potent cytotoxic agent to tumor cells with minimal damage to normal cells-so-called smart chemo. Although there were significant challenges in achieving this milestone culminating in the first Food and Drug Administration approval in 2000, subsequent advancements in technology have led to rapid drug development with regulatory approvals for ADCs targeting a variety of tumor types. The most successful application for solid tumors has been in breast cancer, with ADCs becoming the standard of care across traditional human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+, hormone receptor+ (HR+) and triple-negative disease subtypes. Moreover, the improved features and gains in potency with the development of ADCs have expanded the treatment-eligible population to those with low/heterogeneous expression of the target antigen on the tumor with trastuzumab deruxtecan or in the case of sacituzumab govitecan, agnostic to target expression. Despite their antibody-directed homing, these novel agents come with their share of toxicities obligating appropriate patient selection and vigilant monitoring while on treatment. As more ADCs are included in the treatment armamentarium, mechanisms of resistance need to be studied and understood for optimal sequencing. Modifying the payload to use immune-stimulating agents or combination therapies with immunotherapy and other effective targeted therapies may further extend the utility of these agents in the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avantika Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, MSKCC, New York, NY
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, MSKCC, New York, NY
| | - Matthew Young
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Hamilton
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN
- Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN
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Cheng Y, Yuan X, Tian Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Pu Y, Long H, Xu M, Ji Y, Xie J, Tan Y, Zhao X, Song H. Preclinical profiles of SKB264, a novel anti-TROP2 antibody conjugated to topoisomerase inhibitor, demonstrated promising antitumor efficacy compared to IMMU-132. Front Oncol 2022; 12:951589. [PMID: 36620535 PMCID: PMC9817100 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.951589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to improve the intratumoral accumulation of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and minimize its off-target toxicity, SKB264, a novel anti-trophoblast antigen 2 (TROP2) ADC that was developed using 2-methylsulfonyl pyrimidine as the linker to conjugate its payload (KL610023), a belotecan-derivative topoisomerase I inhibitor. The preclinical pharmacologic profiles of SKB264 were assessed in this study. Methods The in vitro and in vivo pharmacologic profiles of SKB264, including efficacy, pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD), safety, and tissue distribution, were investigated using TROP2-positive cell lines, cell-derived xenograft (CDX), patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, and cynomolgus monkeys. Moreover, some profiles were compared with IMMU-132. Results In vitro, SKB264 and SKB264 monoclonal antibody (mAb) had similar internalization abilities and binding affinities to TROP2. After cellular internalization, KL610023 was released and inhibited tumor cell survival. In vivo, SKB264 significantly inhibited tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner in both CDX and PDX models. After SKB264 administration, the serum or plasma concentration/exposure of SKB264 (conjugated ADC, number of payload units ≥1), total antibody (Tab, unconjugated and conjugated mAb regardless of the number of the payload units), and KL610023 in cynomolgus monkeys increased proportionally with increasing dosage from 1 to 10 mg/kg. The linker stability of SKB264 was significantly enhanced as shown by prolonged payload half-life in vivo (SKB264 vs. IMMU-132, 56.3 h vs. 15.5 h). At the same dose, SKB264's exposure in tumor tissue was 4.6-fold higher than that of IMMU-132. Conclusions Compared with IMMU-132, the longer half-life of SKB264 had a stronger targeting effect and better antitumor activity, suggesting the better therapeutic potential of SKB264 for treating TROP2-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xi Zhao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Song
- Center of Translational Medicine, Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
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Wang H, Xie H, Wang S, Zhao J, Gao Y, Chen J, Zhao Y, Guo G. PARP-1 genetic polymorphism associated with radiation sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610751. [PMID: 36590386 PMCID: PMC9795517 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
About 70% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients require radiotherapy. However, due to the difference in radiation sensitivity, the treatment outcome may differ for the same pathology and choice of treatment. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is a key gene responsible for DNA repair and is involved in base excision repair as well as repair of single strand break induced by ionizing radiation and oxidative damage. In order to investigate the relationship between PARP-1 gene polymorphism and radiation sensitivity in NSCLC, we collected 141 primary NSCLC patients undergoing three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. For each case, the gross tumor volumes (GTV) before radiation and that after 40 Gy radiation were measured to calculate the tumor regression rate. TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to genotype the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genotype frequencies for PARP-1 genotypes were 14.2% for C/C, 44.7% for C/G and 41.1% for G/G. The average tumor regression rate after 40 Gy radiation therapy was 35.1% ± 0.192. Tumor regression rate of mid-term RT of C/C genotype was 44.6% ± 0.170, which was higher than that of genotype C/G and G/G (32.4% ± 0.196 and 34.8% ± 0.188, respectively) with statistical significance (F = 3.169 p = 0.045). The higher tumor regression rate in patients with C/C genotype suggested that G allele was a protective factor against radiation therapy. Using the median tumor regression rate of 34%, we divided the entire cohort into two groups, and found that the frequency distribution of PARP-1 gene rs3219073 had significant difference between these two groups (p < 0.05). These results showed that PARP-1 gene polymorphism may affect patient radiation sensitivity and predict the efficacy of radiotherapy. It therefore presents an opportunity for developing new therapeutic targets to improve radiotherapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Tenth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haitao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Jiaying Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qingdao United Family Healthcare, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Oncology, Kailuan Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Tenth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Genyan Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Genyan Guo,
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9
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Martelli A, Omrani M, Zarghooni M, Citi V, Brogi S, Calderone V, Sureda A, Lorzadeh S, da Silva Rosa SC, Grabarek BO, Staszkiewicz R, Los MJ, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Mehrbod P, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5839. [PMID: 36497321 PMCID: PMC9738256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) has been a highly conserved process throughout evolution and allows cells to degrade aggregated/misfolded proteins, dysfunctional or superfluous organelles and damaged macromolecules, in order to recycle them for biosynthetic and/or energetic purposes to preserve cellular homeostasis and health. Changes in autophagy are indeed correlated with several pathological disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Conversely, autophagy controls both apoptosis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cells. Therefore, any changes in the autophagy pathway will affect both the UPR and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that several natural products can modulate (induce or inhibit) the autophagy pathway. Natural products may target different regulatory components of the autophagy pathway, including specific kinases or phosphatases. In this review, we evaluated ~100 natural compounds and plant species and their impact on different types of cancers via the autophagy pathway. We also discuss the impact of these compounds on the UPR and apoptosis via the autophagy pathway. A multitude of preclinical findings have shown the function of botanicals in regulating cell autophagy and its potential impact on cancer therapy; however, the number of related clinical trials to date remains low. In this regard, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to better clarify the utility of natural compounds and their modulatory effects on autophagy, as fine-tuning of autophagy could be translated into therapeutic applications for several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzieh Omrani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumna, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition, Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Simone C. da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Beniamin Oscar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- GynCentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851 Katowice, Poland
| | - Rafał Staszkiewicz
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Krakow, 30-901 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek J. Los
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Nutringredientes Research Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFCE), Baturite 62760-000, Brazil
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Advanced Medical Pharma (AMP-Biotec), Biopharmaceutical Innovation Centre, Via Cortenocera, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, Italy
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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10
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PARP inhibitors in small cell lung cancer: The underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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11
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Onji H, Murai J. Reconsidering the mechanisms of action of PARP inhibitors based on clinical outcomes. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2943-2951. [PMID: 35766436 PMCID: PMC9459283 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPis) were initially developed as DNA repair inhibitors that inhibit the catalytic activity of PARP1 and PARP2 and are expected to induce synthetic lethality in BRCA‐ or homologous recombination (HR)‐deficient tumors. However, the clinical indications for PARPis are not necessarily limited to BRCA mutations or HR deficiency; BRCA wild‐type and HR‐proficient cancers can also derive some benefit from PARPis. These facts are interpretable by an additional primary antitumor mechanism of PARPis named PARP trapping, resulting from the stabilization of PARP‐DNA complexes. Favorable response to platinum derivatives (cisplatin and carboplatin) in preceding treatment is used as a clinical biomarker for some PARPis, implying that sensitivity factors for platinum derivatives and PARPis are mainly common. Such common sensitivity factors include not only HR defects (HRD) but also additional factors. One of them is Schlafen 11 (SLFN11), a putative DNA/RNA helicase, that sensitizes cancer cells to a broad type of DNA‐damaging agents, including platinum and topoisomerase inhibitors. Mechanistically, SLFN11 induces a lethal replication block in response to replication stress (ie, DNA damage). As SLFN11 acts upon replication stress, trapping PARPis can activate SLFN11. Preclinical models show the importance of SLFN11 in PARPi sensitivity. However, the relevance of SLFN11 in PARPi response is less evident in clinical data compared with the significance of SLFN11 for platinum sensitivity. In this review, we consider the reasons for variable indications of PARPis resulting from clinical outcomes and review the mechanisms of action for PARPis as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Onji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Junko Murai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
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12
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Govindan R, Lind M, Insa A, Khan SA, Uskov D, Tafreshi A, Guclu S, Bar J, Kato T, Lee KH, Nakagawa K, Hansen O, Biesma B, Kundu MG, Dunbar M, He L, Ansell P, Sehgal V, Huang X, Glasgow J, Bach BA. Veliparib Plus Carboplatin and Paclitaxel Versus Investigator's Choice of Standard Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:214-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Zhang L, Zhuang Y, Tu G, Li D, Fan Y, Ye S, Xu J, Zheng M, Wu Y, Wu L. Positive Feedback Regulation of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 and the DNA-PK Catalytic Subunit Affects the Sensitivity of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma to Etoposide. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:2571-2582. [PMID: 35097256 PMCID: PMC8793086 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Etoposide (VP-16) is used for the treatment of various cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, cancers develop resistance to this agent by promoting DNA repair. The DNA-PK (DNA-PKcs) catalytic subunit and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) mediate acquired resistance and poor survival in NPC cells exposed to DNA damaging agents. DNA repair can alter the sensitivity of NPC cells to DNA damaging agents, and these two enzymes function concomitantly in response to DNA damage in vivo. Therefore, we explored the relationship between DNA-PKcs and PARP1, which may affect NPC cell survival by regulating DNA repair after VP-16 treatment. We performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunoassays and found that DNA-PKcs knockdown downregulated the PARP1 and PAR expression. Conversely, PARP1 knockdown reduced DNA-PKcs activity, indicating the mutual regulation between DNA-PKcs and PARP1 in VP-16-induced DNA repair. Moreover, a combination treatment with olaparib (a PARP1 inhibitor) and NU7441 (a DNA-PKcs inhibitor) sensitized NPC cells to VP-16 in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the combined treatment of olaparib, NU7441, and a DNA-damaging agent may be a successful treatment regimen in patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhang
- Fujian
Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian
Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian
Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian
Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R.
China
- Fujian
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Yingting Zhuang
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian
Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R.
China
| | - Guihui Tu
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian
Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R.
China
| | - Ding Li
- Department
of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, P. R. China
| | - Yingjuan Fan
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian
Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R.
China
| | - Shengnan Ye
- The First
Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian
Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R.
China
- Fujian
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
- Institute
of Materia Medical, Fujian Medical University
(FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Fujian
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology in Fujian Province, School
of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P. R. China
| | - Lixian Wu
- Department
of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian
Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R.
China
- Fujian
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
- Institute
of Materia Medical, Fujian Medical University
(FMU), Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
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14
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Okajima D, Yasuda S, Maejima T, Karibe T, Sakurai K, Aida T, Toki T, Yamaguchi J, Kitamura M, Kamei R, Fujitani T, Honda T, Shibutani T, Muramatsu S, Nakada T, Goto R, Takahashi S, Yamaguchi M, Hamada H, Noguchi Y, Murakami M, Abe Y, Agatsuma T. Datopotamab Deruxtecan, a Novel TROP2-directed Antibody-drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Potent Antitumor Activity by Efficient Drug Delivery to Tumor Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2329-2340. [PMID: 34413126 PMCID: PMC9398094 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is highly expressed on various epithelial tumors and correlates with poor prognosis. We developed the novel TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd, DS-1062a), with a potent DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor (DXd), and evaluated its antitumor activity and safety profiles in preclinical models.The pharmacologic activity and mechanism of action of Dato-DXd were investigated in several human cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse models including patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Safety profiles were also assessed in rats and cynomolgus monkeys.Dato-DXd bound specifically to TROP2 and was internalized into tumor cells followed by intracellular trafficking to lysosome and DXd release, which induced DNA damage and apoptosis in TROP2-expressing tumor cells in vitro. Dato-DXd exhibited in vivo antitumor activity with DNA damage induced by the accumulated DXd in TROP2-expressing xenograft tumors, but neither isotype control IgG-ADC nor anti-TROP2 antibody had this effect. Dato-DXd also showed potent antitumor activity with tumor regression in several TROP2-expressing xenograft tumors including NSCLC PDX models. Safety profiles of Dato-DXd in rats and cynomolgus monkeys were acceptable.Dato-DXd demonstrated potent antitumor activity against TROP2-expressing tumors by efficient payload delivery into tumors and acceptable safety profiles in preclinical models. These results suggest Dato-DXd could be a valuable treatment option for patients with TROP2-expressing tumors in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Riki Goto
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Takahashi
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miki Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hamada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuki Abe
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Ramalingam SS, Novello S, Guclu SZ, Bentsion D, Zvirbule Z, Szilasi M, Bernabe R, Syrigos K, Byers LA, Clingan P, Bar J, Vokes EE, Govindan R, Dunbar M, Ansell P, He L, Huang X, Sehgal V, Glasgow J, Bach BA, Mazieres J. Veliparib in Combination With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Squamous Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Multicenter Phase III Study. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:3633-3644. [PMID: 34436928 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.03318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) is genetically complex with evidence of DNA damage. This phase III study investigated the efficacy and safety of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor veliparib in combination with conventional chemotherapy for advanced sqNSCLC (NCT02106546). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients age ≥ 18 years with untreated, advanced sqNSCLC were randomly assigned 1:1 to carboplatin and paclitaxel with veliparib 120 mg twice daily (twice a day) or placebo twice a day for up to six cycles. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) in the veliparib arm versus the control arm in current smokers, based on phase II findings. Archival tumor samples were provided for biomarker analysis using a 52-gene expression histology classifier (LP52). RESULTS Overall, 970 patients were randomly assigned to carboplatin and paclitaxel plus either veliparib (n = 486) or placebo (n = 484); 57% were current smokers. There was no significant OS benefit with veliparib in current smokers, with median OS 11.9 versus 11.1 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.905; 95% CI, 0.744 to 1.101; P = .266). In the overall population, OS favored veliparib; median OS was 12.2 versus 11.2 months (HR, 0.853; 95% CI, 0.747 to 0.974), with no difference in progression-free survival (median 5.6 months per arm). In patients with biomarker-evaluable tumor samples (n = 360), OS favored veliparib in the LP52-positive population (median 14.0 v 9.6 months; HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.89), but favored placebo in the LP52-negative population (median 11.0 v 14.4 months; HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.86). No new safety signals were observed in the experimental arm. CONCLUSION In current smokers with advanced sqNSCLC, there was no therapeutic benefit of adding veliparib to first-line chemotherapy. The LP52 signature may identify a subgroup of patients likely to derive benefit from veliparib with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Salih Zeki Guclu
- Chest Diseases Clinic, Izmir Chest Diseases Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.,Current affiliation: Ozel Gazi Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Zanete Zvirbule
- Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Latvian Oncology Center, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maria Szilasi
- Department for Pulmonology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Reyes Bernabe
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Syrigos
- 3rd Department of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Philip Clingan
- Southern Medical Day Care Centre, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jair Bar
- Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei He
- AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | | | - Julien Mazieres
- Toulouse University Hospital, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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16
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Tang L, Wu W, Zhang C, Shi Z, Chen D, Zhai X, Jiang Y. Discovery of the PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) inhibitor 2-(1-(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-4-carboxamide for the treatment of cancer. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105026. [PMID: 34186467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, two series of cyclic amine-containing benzimidazole carboxamide derivatives were designed and synthesized as potent anticancer agents. PARP1/2 inhibitory activity assays indicated that most of the compounds showed significant activity. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of these compounds was investigated against four human cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and CAPAN-1), and several compounds exhibited strong cytotoxicity to tumor cells. Among them, 2-(1-(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-4-carboxamide (17d) was found to be effective PARP1/2 inhibitors (IC50 = 4.30 and 1.58 nM, respectively). In addition, 17d possessed obvious selective antineoplastic activity and noteworthy microsomal metabolic stability. What's more, further studies revealed that 17d was endowed with an excellent ADME profile. These combined results indicated that 17d could be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Shenzhen 518057, PR China
| | - Weibin Wu
- Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Shenzhen 518057, PR China; National & Local United Engineering Lab for Personalized Anti-tumor Drugs, The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Cunlong Zhang
- Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Shenzhen 518057, PR China; National & Local United Engineering Lab for Personalized Anti-tumor Drugs, The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zhichao Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Shenzhen 518057, PR China
| | - Xin Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; Joint Key State Laboratory of Tumor Chemogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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17
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The evolving role of PARP inhibitors in advanced ovarian cancer. FORUM OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/fco-2021-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The field of ovarian cancer has been revolutionized with the use of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which present greater inhibition effect in epithelial subtype due to high rates of homologous recombination deficiency. PARP inhibition exploits this cancer pitfall by disrupting DNA repair, leading to genomic instability and apoptosis. Three PARP inhibitors (olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib) are now approved for use in women with epithelial ovarian cancer, while others are under development. Among women with BRCA1/2 mutations, maintenance PARP therapy has led to a nearly fourfold prolongation of PFS, while those without BRCA1/2 mutations experience an approximately twofold increase in PFS. Differences in trial design, patient selection and primary analysis population affect the conclusions on PARP inhibitors. Limited OS data have been published and there is also limited experience regarding long-term safety. With regard to toxicity profile, there are no differences in serious adverse events between the experimental and control groups. However, combining adverse event data from maintenance phases, a trend towards more events in the experimental group, compared with controls, has been shown. The mechanisms of PARP-inhibitor resistance include restoration of HR through reversion mutations in HR genes, leading to resumed HR function. Other mechanisms that sustain sufficient DNA repair are discussed as well. PARP inhibitors play a pivotal role in the management of ovarian cancer, affecting the future treatment choices. Defining exactly which patients will benefit from them is a challenge and the need for HRD testing to define ‘BRCA-ness’ will add additional costs to treatment.
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18
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Stodtmann S, Nuthalapati S, Eckert D, Kasichayanula S, Joshi R, Bach BA, Mensing S, Menon R, Xiong H. A Population Pharmacokinetic Meta-Analysis of Veliparib, a PARP Inhibitor, Across Phase 1/2/3 Trials in Cancer Patients. J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 61:1195-1205. [PMID: 33894017 PMCID: PMC8453554 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Veliparib (ABT-888) is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor in development for the treatment of high-grade ovarian cancer or BRCA-mutated breast cancer in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The population pharmacokinetics of veliparib were characterized using combined data from 1470 adult subjects with ovarian cancer, breast cancer, or other solid tumors enrolled in 6 phase 1 studies, 1 phase 2 study, and 2 phase 3 studies of veliparib oral doses of 10 to 400 mg twice daily as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. A 1-compartment model with linear clearance and first-order absorption best characterized veliparib pharmacokinetics. The predicted apparent oral clearance (CL/F) and volume of distribution (Vc /F) were 479 L/day and 152 L, respectively. The significant covariates in the final model included albumin, creatinine clearance, strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6, and sex on CL/F and albumin, body weight, and sex on Vc /F. Mild and moderate renal impairment increased veliparib median (95%CI) steady-state AUC (AUCss ) by 27.3% (23.7%-30.9%) and 65.4% (56.0%-75.5%), respectively, compared with normal renal function. Male subjects had 16.5% (7.53%-23.9%) lower AUCss compared with female subjects and coadministration with strong CYP2D6 inhibitors increased AUCss by 13.0% (6.11%-20.8%). Race, age, region, cancer type, or enzyme (CYP3A4, CYP2C19) or transporter (P-glycoprotein, multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1/2, organic cation transporter 2) inhibiting/inducing comedications were not found to significantly impact veliparib pharmacokinetics. Other than baseline creatinine clearance and hence renal impairment effect on veliparib clearance, no other covariates had a clinically meaningful effect on veliparib exposure warranting dose adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Stodtmann
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Silpa Nuthalapati
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Doerthe Eckert
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | | | - Rujuta Joshi
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce A Bach
- Oncology Development, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sven Mensing
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Rajeev Menon
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hao Xiong
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
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19
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Gayle S, Aiello R, Leelatian N, Beckta JM, Bechtold J, Bourassa P, Csengery J, Maguire RJ, Marshall D, Sundaram RK, Van Doorn J, Jones K, Moore H, Lopresti-Morrow L, Paradis T, Tylaska L, Zhang Q, Visca H, Reshetnyak YK, Andreev OA, Engelman DM, Glazer PM, Bindra RS, Paralkar VM. Tumor-selective, antigen-independent delivery of a pH sensitive peptide-topoisomerase inhibitor conjugate suppresses tumor growth without systemic toxicity. NAR Cancer 2021; 3:zcab021. [PMID: 34316708 PMCID: PMC8210154 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Topoisomerase inhibitors are potent DNA damaging agents which are widely used in oncology, and they demonstrate robust synergistic tumor cell killing in combination with DNA repair inhibitors, including poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. However, their use has been severely limited by the inability to achieve a favorable therapeutic index due to severe systemic toxicities. Antibody-drug conjugates address this issue via antigen-dependent targeting and delivery of their payloads, but this approach requires specific antigens and yet still suffers from off-target toxicities. There is a high unmet need for a more universal tumor targeting technology to broaden the application of cytotoxic payloads. Acidification of the extracellular milieu arises from metabolic adaptions associated with the Warburg effect in cancer. Here we report the development of a pH-sensitive peptide-drug conjugate to deliver the topoisomerase inhibitor, exatecan, selectively to tumors in an antigen-independent manner. Using this approach, we demonstrate potent in vivo cytotoxicity, complete suppression of tumor growth across multiple human tumor models, and synergistic interactions with a PARP inhibitor. These data highlight the identification of a peptide-topoisomerase inhibitor conjugate for cancer therapy that provides a high therapeutic index, and is applicable to all types of human solid tumors in an antigen-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nalin Leelatian
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jason M Beckta
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ranjini K Sundaram
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jinny Van Doorn
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kelli Jones
- Cybrexa Therapeutics, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Qing Zhang
- Cybrexa Therapeutics, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Hannah Visca
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Yana K Reshetnyak
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Donald M Engelman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Peter M Glazer
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ranjit S Bindra
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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20
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Simovic M, Bolkestein M, Moustafa M, Wong JKL, Körber V, Benedetto S, Khalid U, Schreiber HS, Jugold M, Korshunov A, Hübschmann D, Mack N, Brons S, Wei PC, Breckwoldt MO, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Jürgen D, Höfer T, Zapatka M, Kool M, Pfister SM, Abdollahi A, Ernst A. Carbon ion radiotherapy eradicates medulloblastomas with chromothripsis in an orthotopic Li-Fraumeni patient-derived mouse model. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:2028-2041. [PMID: 34049392 PMCID: PMC8643436 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medulloblastomas with chromothripsis developing in children with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (germline TP53 mutations) are highly aggressive brain tumors with dismal prognosis. Conventional photon radiotherapy and DNA-damaging chemotherapy are not successful for these patients and raise the risk of secondary malignancies. We hypothesized that the pronounced homologous recombination deficiency in these tumors might offer vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically utilized in combination with high linear energy transfer carbon ion radiotherapy. Methods We tested high-precision particle therapy with carbon ions and protons as well as topotecan with or without PARP inhibitor in orthotopic primary and matched relapsed patient-derived xenograft models. Tumor and normal tissue underwent longitudinal morphological MRI, cellular (markers of neurogenesis and DNA damage-repair), and molecular characterization (whole-genome sequencing). Results In the primary medulloblastoma model, carbon ions led to complete response in 79% of animals irrespective of PARP inhibitor within a follow-up period of 300 days postirradiation, as detected by MRI and histology. No sign of neurologic symptoms, impairment of neurogenesis or in-field carcinogenesis was detected in repair-deficient host mice. PARP inhibitors further enhanced the effect of proton irradiation. In the postradiotherapy relapsed tumor model, median survival was significantly increased after carbon ions (96 days) versus control (43 days, P < .0001). No major change in the clonal composition was detected in the relapsed model. Conclusion The high efficacy and favorable toxicity profile of carbon ions warrants further investigation in primary medulloblastomas with chromothripsis. Postradiotherapy relapsed medulloblastomas exhibit relative resistance compared to treatment-naïve tumors, calling for exploration of multimodal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Simovic
- Group Genome Instability in Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ).,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University
| | - Michiel Bolkestein
- Group Genome Instability in Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Division of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology,Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT).,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO).,National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO).,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT).,Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and DKFZ.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia-Egypt
| | - John K L Wong
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Division of Molecular Genetics, DKFZ
| | | | | | - Umar Khalid
- Group Genome Instability in Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ).,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University
| | - Hannah Sophia Schreiber
- Group Genome Instability in Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ).,Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University
| | | | - Andrey Korshunov
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKFZ, Department of Neuropathology, UKHD
| | - Daniel Hübschmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Computational Oncology Group, Molecular Diagnostics Program at the NCT and DKFZ.,Heidelberg Institute for Stem cell Technology and Experimental Medicine.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, UKHD
| | - Norman Mack
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Division of Molecular Genetics, DKFZ.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, UKHD.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center, NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ).,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, DKFZ
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Debus Jürgen
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO).,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Department of Radiation Oncology, UKHD.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, DKFZ
| | | | - Marc Zapatka
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Division of Molecular Genetics, DKFZ
| | - Marcel Kool
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center, NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ).,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, DKFZ.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, UKHD.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center, NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ).,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, DKFZ
| | - Amir Abdollahi
- Division of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology,Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT).,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO).,National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO).,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT).,Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and DKFZ.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, DKFZ
| | - Aurélie Ernst
- Group Genome Instability in Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
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21
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Byers LA, Bentsion D, Gans S, Penkov K, Son C, Sibille A, Owonikoko TK, Groen HJM, Gay CM, Fujimoto J, de Groot P, Dunbar M, Kang K, He L, Sehgal V, Glasgow J, Bach BA, Ellis PM. Veliparib in Combination with Carboplatin and Etoposide in Patients with Treatment-Naïve Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase 2 Randomized Study. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3884-3895. [PMID: 33947690 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the efficacy and safety of oral PARP inhibitor veliparib, plus carboplatin and etoposide in patients with treatment-naïve, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to veliparib [240 mg twice daily (BID) for 14 days] plus chemotherapy followed by veliparib maintenance (400 mg BID; veliparib throughout), veliparib plus chemotherapy followed by placebo (veliparib combination only), or placebo plus chemotherapy followed by placebo (control). Patients received 4-6 cycles of combination therapy, then maintenance until unacceptable toxicity/progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) with veliparib throughout versus control. RESULTS Overall (N = 181), PFS was improved with veliparib throughout versus control [hazard ratio (HR), 0.67; 80% confidence interval (CI), 0.50-0.88; P = 0.059]; median PFS was 5.8 and 5.6 months, respectively. There was a trend toward improved PFS with veliparib throughout versus control in SLFN11-positive patients (HR, 0.6; 80% CI, 0.36-0.97). Median overall survival (OS) was 10.1 versus 12.4 months in the veliparib throughout and control arms, respectively (HR, 1.43; 80% CI, 1.09-1.88). Grade 3/4 adverse events were experienced by 82%, 88%, and 68% of patients in the veliparib throughout, veliparib combination-only and control arms, most commonly hematologic. CONCLUSIONS Veliparib plus platinum chemotherapy followed by veliparib maintenance demonstrated improved PFS as first-line treatment for ED-SCLC with an acceptable safety profile, but there was no corresponding benefit in OS. Further investigation is warranted to define the role of biomarkers in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry Bentsion
- Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Steven Gans
- Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Saint Jansdal, Harderwijk, the Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Penkov
- Private Medical Institution Euromedservice, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - ChoonHee Son
- Department of Pulmonology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl M Gay
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Lei He
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Peter M Ellis
- Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Wang L, Zhu X, Li L, Li L, Fu L, Li Y, Fu H, Chen X, Lou L. TSL-1502, a glucuronide prodrug of a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, exhibits potent anti-tumor activity in preclinical models. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1632-1645. [PMID: 33948378 PMCID: PMC8085876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes play an important role in the cellular response to DNA damage and the inhibition of PARP causes synthetic lethality in homologous recombination (HR)-deficient cancer. Multiple PARP inhibitors have been developed and have shown remarkable clinical benefits. However, treatment-related toxicities, especially the hematologic toxicities, are common and restrict the clinical applications of PARP inhibitors. In this study, we designed the first glucuronide prodrug of PARP inhibitor, TSL-1502, based on a novel and highly potent PARP inhibitor TSL-1502M. TSL-1502M exhibited promising inhibitory activity on PARP1/2, significantly induced DNA double strand breaks, G2/M arrest and apoptosis in HR-deficient cells, selectively inhibited the proliferation of HR-deficient cancer cells and sensitized both HR-deficient and HR-proficient cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy. Notably, TSL-1502M was superior to olaparib, the first-in-class PARP inhibitor, in all these processes. TSL-1502 had no inhibitory effects on PARP1/2 itself, but could selectively liberate the active drug TSL-1502M in tumor after administration in nude mice. Moreover, TSL-1502 elicited significant more potent inhibitory effects than olaparib in HR-deficient tumors, and sensitized chemotherapy in both HR-deficient and HR-proficient tumors. No severe toxicities were caused by TSL-1502 in this study. Based on the encouraging preclinical antitumor activity and the selective decomposition characteristic of TSL-1502, a clinical phase I study was initiated in China, and an Investigational New Drug (IND) was granted by the US FDA. TSL-1502 could represent a new potential therapeutic choice of PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lili Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haoyu Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liguang Lou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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23
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Fidrus E, Hegedűs C, Janka EA, Paragh G, Emri G, Remenyik É. Inhibitors of Nucleotide Excision Repair Decrease UVB-Induced Mutagenesis-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041638. [PMID: 33562002 PMCID: PMC7915687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of skin cancers in the Caucasian population is primarily due to the accumulation of DNA damage in epidermal cells induced by chronic ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. UVB-induced DNA photolesions, including cyclobutane–pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), promote mutations in skin cancer driver genes. In humans, CPDs are repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER). Several commonly used and investigational medications negatively influence NER in experimental systems. Despite these molecules’ ability to decrease NER activity in vitro, the role of these drugs in enhancing skin cancer risk is unclear. In this study, we investigated four molecules (veliparib, resveratrol, spironolactone, and arsenic trioxide) with well-known NER-inhibitory potential in vitro, using UVB-irradiated CHO epithelial and HaCaT immortalized keratinocyte cell lines. Relative CPD levels, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene mutation frequency, cell viability, cell cycle progression, and protein expression were assessed. All four molecules significantly elevated CPD levels in the genome 24 h after UVB irradiation. However, veliparib, spironolactone, and arsenic trioxide reduced the mutagenic potential of UVB, while resveratrol did not alter UVB-induced mutation formation. UVB-induced apoptosis was enhanced by spironolactone and arsenic-trioxide treatment, while veliparib caused significantly prolonged cell cycle arrest and increased autophagy. Spironolactone also enhanced the phosphorylation level of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), while arsenic trioxide modified UVB-driven mitochondrial fission. Resveratrol induced only mild changes in the cellular UVB response. Our results show that chemically inhibited NER does not result in increased mutagenic effects. Furthermore, the UVB-induced mutagenic potential can be paradoxically mitigated by NER-inhibitor molecules. We identified molecular changes in the cellular UVB response after NER-inhibitor treatment, which may compensate for the mitigated DNA repair. Our findings show that metabolic cellular response pathways are essential to consider in evaluating the skin cancer risk–modifying effects of pharmacological compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Fidrus
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.F.); (C.H.); (E.A.J.); (G.E.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.F.); (C.H.); (E.A.J.); (G.E.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Anna Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.F.); (C.H.); (E.A.J.); (G.E.)
| | - György Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm St, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm St, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.F.); (C.H.); (E.A.J.); (G.E.)
| | - Éva Remenyik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.F.); (C.H.); (E.A.J.); (G.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-412-345
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24
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Chowdhuri SP, Das BB. Top1-PARP1 association and beyond: from DNA topology to break repair. NAR Cancer 2021; 3:zcab003. [PMID: 33981998 PMCID: PMC8095074 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective trapping of human topoisomerase 1 (Top1) on the DNA (Top1 cleavage complexes; Top1cc) by specific Top1-poisons triggers DNA breaks and cell death. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an early nick sensor for trapped Top1cc. New mechanistic insights have been developed in recent years to rationalize the importance of PARP1 beyond the repair of Top1-induced DNA breaks. This review summarizes the progress in the molecular mechanisms of trapped Top1cc-induced DNA damage, PARP1 activation at DNA damage sites, PAR-dependent regulation of Top1 nuclear dynamics, and PARP1-associated molecular network for Top1cc repair. Finally, we have discussed the rationale behind the synergy between the combination of Top1 poison and PARP inhibitors in cancer chemotherapies, which is independent of the ‘PARP trapping’ phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Paul Chowdhuri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Benu Brata Das
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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25
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Boussios S, Moschetta M, Karihtala P, Samartzis EP, Sheriff M, Pappas-Gogos G, Ozturk MA, Uccello M, Karathanasi A, Tringos M, Rassy E, Pavlidis N. Development of new poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in ovarian cancer: Quo Vadis? ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1706. [PMID: 33490218 PMCID: PMC7812175 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality among women, potentially due to ineffectiveness of screening tests for early detection. Patients typically present with advanced disease at diagnosis, whereas, up to 80% relapse and the estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) is approximately 12–18 months. Increased knowledge on the molecular biology of EOC resulted in the development of several targeted therapies, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. These agents have changed the therapeutic approach of the EOC and exploit homologous recombination (HR) deficiency through synthetic lethality, especially in breast cancer genes 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) mutation carriers. Furthermore, BRCA wild-type patients with other defects in the HR repair pathway, or those with platinum-resistant tumors may obtain benefit from this treatment. While PARP inhibitors as a class display many similarities, several differences in structure can translate into differences in tolerability and antitumor activity. Currently, olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib have been approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and/or European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of EOC, while veliparib is in the late stage of clinical development. Finally, since October 2018 talazoparib is FDA and EMA approved for BRCA carriers with metastatic breast cancers. In this article, we explore the mechanisms of DNA repair, synthetic lethality, efficiency of PARP inhibition, and provide an overview of early and ongoing clinical investigations of the novel PARP inhibitors veliparib and talazoparib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK.,AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eleftherios P Samartzis
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Cancer Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matin Sheriff
- Department of Urology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK
| | | | - Mehmet Akif Ozturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mario Uccello
- Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust, Cliftonville, Northampton, UK
| | - Afroditi Karathanasi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK
| | - Michail Tringos
- School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elie Rassy
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Institut, Villejuif, France.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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26
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Yusoh NA, Ahmad H, Gill MR. Combining PARP Inhibition with Platinum, Ruthenium or Gold Complexes for Cancer Therapy. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2121-2135. [PMID: 32812709 PMCID: PMC7754470 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Platinum drugs are heavily used first-line chemotherapeutic agents for many solid tumours and have stimulated substantial interest in the biological activity of DNA-binding metal complexes. These complexes generate DNA lesions which trigger the activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that are essential to maintain genomic integrity. Cancer cells exploit this intrinsic DNA repair network to counteract many types of chemotherapies. Now, advances in the molecular biology of cancer has paved the way for the combination of DDR inhibitors such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) and agents that induce high levels of DNA replication stress or single-strand break damage for synergistic cancer cell killing. In this review, we summarise early-stage, preclinical and clinical findings exploring platinum and emerging ruthenium anti-cancer complexes alongside PARPi in combination therapy for cancer and also describe emerging work on the ability of ruthenium and gold complexes to directly inhibit PARP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aininie Yusoh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdang, SelangorMalaysia
| | - Haslina Ahmad
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdang, SelangorMalaysia
- Integrated Chemical BiophysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdang, SelangorMalaysia
| | - Martin R. Gill
- Department of ChemistrySwansea UniversitySwanseaWales (UK
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27
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The Effects of Doxorubicin, Ethanol Extract and Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Euphorbia Splendida Mobayen on the PARP Level, and APC Gene Expression in HT-29 Human Colon Cancer Cell Line. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.79679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural products derived from various sources are being used to develop chemotherapeutic drugs. Euphorbiaceae is widely used to treat different types of cancers. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second and third cause of cancer in women and men, respectively. CRC is strongly associated with the deregulation of the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene and Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PPAR) protein. Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the effect of doxorubicin, ethanol extract, and the flavonoid-rich fraction of Euphorbia Splendida Mobayen on colon cancer HT-29 cell line death, APC gene expression, and PPAR concentration. Methods: Following treatment of cells by Euphorbia ethanol extract, Euphorbia flavonoid-rich fraction, and doxorubicin, cell viability assay was used to investigate the viability status of the HT-29 cell line. Total RNA was isolated from the cell line and converted into cDNA. The expression level of the APC gene was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PPAR) protein was detected by the ELIZA method. Results: We found that Euphorbia ethanol extract, Euphorbia flavonoid-rich fraction, and doxorubicin can stimulate dose-dependent cell death in the HT-29 cell line, increase ACP gene expression (P = 0.001, P = 0.041, P = 0.019), and decrease PARP level (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: The findings indicated that doxorubicin, ethanol extract, and the flavonoid-rich fraction of Euphorbia Splendida Mobayen had cytotoxic effects on human colon cancer HT-29 cell line by possibly stimulating apoptosis.
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Rajarajan S, C E A, Jose B, Correa M, Sengupta S, Prabhu JS. Identification of colorectal cancers with defective DNA damage repair by immunohistochemical profiling of mismatch repair proteins, CDX2 and BRCA1. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:57. [PMID: 32953111 PMCID: PMC7484731 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease as shown by consensus classification. The present study attempted to identify subtypes with known prognostic markers for better clinical management. A total of 72 CRC tumors were examined for the expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, along with caudal-type homeobox protein 2 (CDX2) and BRCA1, by immunohistochemistry. Tumors were assigned based on the presence or loss of MMR proteins as proficient or deficient. Correlations were examined with CDX2 and BRCA1 along with clinico-pathological features. Expressional pattern of microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs), such as miR-183-96-182, known to be associated with defective DNA damage repair were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. A total of 22% of the CRC tumors were assigned as deficient in mismatch repair. 71% of the tumors expressed CDX2 while only 21% had nuclear expression of BRCA1. Loss of CDX2 protein was higher in the deficient subtype compared with the proficient subtype. A total of 14% of the tumors had dual loss of MMR and BRCA1 proteins and showed aggressive clinical features in addition to elevated expression of DNA damage repair microRNAs. The present study shows the presence of a small proportion of colorectal tumors with dual loss of key proteins involved in DNA damage repair which may be amenable to specific therapy. The implication of the present observations warrants investigation in a larger patient cohort with prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savitha Rajarajan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - Anupama C E
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - Betsy Jose
- Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - Marjorie Correa
- Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
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Shao X, Pak S, Velagapudi UK, Gobbooru S, Kommaraju SS, Low WK, Subramaniam G, Pathak SK, Talele TT. Synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine-5-carboxamide and 3-oxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]oxazine-8-carboxamide derivatives as PARP1 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104075. [PMID: 32777641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), a widely explored anticancer drug target, plays an important role in single-strand DNA break repair processes. High-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) of a Maybridge small molecule library using the PARP1-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide co-crystal structure and pharmacophore model led to the identification of eleven compounds. These compounds were evaluated using recombinant PARP1 enzyme assay that resulted in the acquisition of three PARP1 inhibitors: 3 (IC50 = 12 μM), 4 (IC50 = 5.8 μM), and 10 (IC50 = 0.88 μM). Compound 4 (2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carboxamide) was selected as a lead and was subjected to further chemical modifications, involving analogue synthesis and scaffold hopping. These efforts led to the identification of (Z)-2-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine-8-carboxamide (49, IC50 = 0.082 μM) as the most potent inhibitor of PARP1 from the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwei Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Steven Pak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Uday Kiran Velagapudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Shruthi Gobbooru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Sai Shilpa Kommaraju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Woon-Kai Low
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Gopal Subramaniam
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Sanjai Kumar Pathak
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA; Chemistry Doctoral Program, Biochemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Tanaji T Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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Loizzi V, Ranieri G, Laforgia M, Gadaleta CD, Gargano G, Kardhashi A, De Liso M, Naglieri E, Del Vecchio V, Cicinelli E, Cormio G. PARP inhibitors and epithelial ovarian cancer: Molecular mechanisms, clinical development and future prospective. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:90. [PMID: 32831909 PMCID: PMC7439101 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a poor prognosis. Since the introduction of paclitaxel as antineoplastic agent >20 years ago, only a few phase III randomized trials have shown challenging data regarding different therapeutic options for facing its aggressive clinical course and granting active therapies to patients. Different studies have shown the utility of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in women with EOC with or without BRCA mutations, both germline and somatic. Three PARP inhibitors, olaparib, rucaparib and niraparib, have been recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in EOC patients, though with different clinical indications and profiles of toxicity, while two other molecules, veliparib and talazoparib, are still under clinical investigation. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the current status of PARP inhibitors in terms of molecular activity, pharmacodynamic properties and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Loizzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Interventional and Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariarita Laforgia
- Pharmacy Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Interventional and Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulio Gargano
- Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anila Kardhashi
- Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria De Liso
- Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Naglieri
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'Giovanni Paolo II', I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Del Vecchio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Ettore Cicinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy
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Dutta P, Paico K, Gomez G, Wu Y, Vadgama JV. Transcriptional Regulation of CCL2 by PARP1 Is a Driver for Invasiveness in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1317. [PMID: 32455851 PMCID: PMC7281677 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PolyADP ribosylation (PARylation) by PARP1 is a significant post-translational modification affecting protein function in various cancers. However, PARP1 mediated cellular processes in the context of breast cancer are not fully understood. METHOD To identify potential targets of PARP1, we carried out whole transcriptome sequencing with shRNA mediated PARP1 knockdown in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line and inhibited PARP1 with a known PARP1 inhibitor, PJ34. RESULTS Analysis of the transcriptomics data revealed that PARP1 is involved in regulating multiple chemokines under basal conditions, including the chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). PARP1 knockdown and PJ34 mediated inhibition showed reduced CCL2 transcript levels in breast cancer cells, corroborating the findings from the sequencing data. We further showed that PARP1 interacts with the NFκB P65 subunit to regulate transcription of CCL2. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we confirm that both PARP1 and P65 localize to the promoter of CCL2, suggesting direct regulation of CCL2 promoter activity. CCL2, in turn, can positively affect the PARP1 pathway, as global PARylation levels increased upon CCL2 treatment. CONCLUSION Our results indicate crosstalk between PARP1 and CCL2, which is critical for maintaining CCL2 levels in breast cancer cells and subsequently drives cellular invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranabananda Dutta
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; (P.D.); (K.P.); (G.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Kimberly Paico
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; (P.D.); (K.P.); (G.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Gabriela Gomez
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; (P.D.); (K.P.); (G.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; (P.D.); (K.P.); (G.G.); (Y.W.)
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Jaydutt V. Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; (P.D.); (K.P.); (G.G.); (Y.W.)
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
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Ning J, Wakimoto H. Therapeutic Application of PARP Inhibitors in Neuro-Oncology. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:147-159. [PMID: 32061304 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In response to a variety of cellular stresses, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has vital roles in orchestrating DNA damage repair and preserving genomic integrity. Clinical activity of PARP inhibitors (PARPis) in BRCA1/2 mutant cancers validated the concept of synthetic lethality between PARP inhibition and deleterious BRCA1/2 mutations, leading to clinical approval of several PARPis. Preclinical and clinical studies aiming to broaden the therapeutic application of PARPis identified sensitivity biomarkers and rationale combination strategies that can target BRCA wild-type and homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair-proficient cancers, including central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. In this review, we summarize recent progress in PARPi therapy in brain tumors, and discuss current opportunities for, and challenges to, the use of PARPis in neuro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Gmeiner WH. Entrapment of DNA topoisomerase-DNA complexes by nucleotide/nucleoside analogs. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:994-1001. [PMID: 31930190 PMCID: PMC6953902 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Topoisomerases are well-validated targets for cancer chemotherapy and DNA topoisomerase 1 (Top1) is the sole target of the camptothecin (CPT) class of anticancer drugs. Over the last 20 years, multiple studies have shown Top1 activity is modulated by non-native DNA structures and this can lead to trapping of Top1 cleavage complexes (Top1cc) and conversion to DNA double strand breaks. Among the perturbations to DNA structure that generate Top1cc are nucleoside analogs that are incorporated into genomic DNA during replication including cytarabine, gemcitabine, and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU). We review the literature summarizing the role of Top1cc in mediating the DNA damaging and cytotoxic activities of nucleoside analogs. We also summarize studies demonstrating distinct differences between Top1cc induced by nucleoside analogs and CPTs, particularly with regard to DNA repair. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that, while Top1 is a common target for both Top1 poisons such as CPT and nucleoside analogs such as FdU, these agents are not redundant. In recent years, studies have shown that Top1 poisons and nucleoside analogs together with other anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin cause replication stress and the DNA repair pathways that modulate the cytotoxic activities of these compounds are being elucidated. We present an overview of this evolving literature, which has implications for how targeting of Top1 with nucleoside analogs can be used more effectively for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Gmeiner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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34
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Veliparib in ovarian cancer: a new synthetically lethal therapeutic approach. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:181-193. [PMID: 31650446 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for nearly 90% of all ovarian malignancies. The standard therapeutic strategy includes cytoreductive surgery and neo (adjuvant) platinum-based chemotherapy. Relapse of advanced high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is related to the development of drug resistance. A defective DNA damage response is a defining hallmark of HGSOC. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors exploit this deficiency through synthetic lethality and have emerged as promising anticancer therapies, especially in breast cancer gene (BRCA1 or BRCA2) mutation carriers. Apart from inducing synthetic lethality, PARP inhibitors have also been shown to trap PARP1 and PARP2 on DNA, leading to PARP-DNA complexes. This "PARP trapping" potentiates synergism between PARP inhibition and both alkylating agents and platinum-based chemotherapy. However, there are remarkable differences in the ability of PARP inhibitors to trap PARP, based on the size and structure of each separate molecule. Since monotherapy with PARP inhibitors is unlikely to induce cancer cell death in BRCA-proficient tumors, the efficacy of PARP inhibitors could be potentially optimized when combined with DNA-damaging agents, or with molecular targeted agents that also impair mechanisms of DNA repair. Olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib have all obtained US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and/or European Medicines Agency (EMA) approval in ovarian cancer in different settings. Veliparib does not yet have an approved label; nevertheless, there are currently promising results available in preclinical and early clinical settings. This comprehensive review summarizes the mechanism of action of veliparib and provides an overview of its early and ongoing clinical investigations.
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Choosing wisely: Selecting PARP inhibitor combinations to promote anti-tumor immune responses beyond BRCA mutations. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 156:488-497. [PMID: 31630846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors have transformed the management of advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Despite the overwhelming success of PARP inhibition, particularly in BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer, several limitations and unanswered questions remain. With PARP inhibitors now being used in earlier treatment settings, the issue of both de novo and acquired resistance mechanisms and appropriate post-PARP management are pressing concerns. In addition, the population appropriate to target with PARP inhibitors and their use in patients without BRCA mutations is controversial and evolving. In this review we will discuss exciting PARP combinations and biologic rationale for the development and selection of PARP inhibitor combinations.
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Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are enzymes that catalyze changes in the torsional and flexural strain of DNA molecules. Earlier studies implicated these enzymes in a variety of processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome segregation. Studies performed over the past 3 years have provided new insight into the roles of various topoisomerases in maintaining eukaryotic chromosome structure and facilitating the decatenation of daughter chromosomes at cell division. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that the incorporation of ribonucleotides into DNA results in trapping of topoisomerase I (TOP1)–DNA covalent complexes during aborted ribonucleotide removal. Importantly, such trapped TOP1–DNA covalent complexes, formed either during ribonucleotide removal or as a consequence of drug action, activate several repair processes, including processes involving the recently described nuclear proteases SPARTAN and GCNA-1. A variety of new TOP1 inhibitors and formulations, including antibody–drug conjugates and PEGylated complexes, exert their anticancer effects by also trapping these TOP1–DNA covalent complexes. Here we review recent developments and identify further questions raised by these new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ann Bjornsti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0019, USA
| | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Departments of Oncology and Molecular Pharmacolgy & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Thomas A, Pommier Y. Targeting Topoisomerase I in the Era of Precision Medicine. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6581-6589. [PMID: 31227499 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Irinotecan and topotecan have been widely used as anticancer drugs for the past 20 years. Because of their selectivity as topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors that trap TOP1 cleavage complexes, camptothecins are also widely used to elucidate the DNA repair pathways associated with DNA-protein cross-links and replication stress. This review summarizes the basic molecular mechanisms of action of TOP1 inhibitors, their current use, and limitations as anticancer agents. We introduce new therapeutic strategies based on novel TOP1 inhibitor chemical scaffolds including the indenoisoquinolines LMP400 (indotecan), LMP776 (indimitecan), and LMP744, and on tumor-targeted delivery TOP1 inhibitors using liposome, PEGylation, and antibody-drug conjugates. We also address how tumor-specific determinants such as homologous recombination defects (HRD and BRCAness) and Schlafen 11 (SLFN11) expression can be used to guide clinical application of TOP1 inhibitors in combination with DNA damage response inhibitors including PARP, ATR, CHEK1, and ATM inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Ghisoni E, Giannone G, Tuninetti V, Genta S, Scotto G, Aglietta M, Sangiolo D, Mittica G, Valabrega G. Veliparib: a new therapeutic option in ovarian cancer? Future Oncol 2019; 15:1975-1987. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors in ovarian cancer is rapidly evolving. Three different poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (olaparib, niraparib and rucaparib) have been already approved as maintenance after response to platinum-based chemotherapy; two of them (olaparib and rucaparib) also as single agents. Veliparib, a novel PARPI, showed promising results in preclinical and early clinical settings. The aim of this review is to discuss veliparib’s mechanisms of action, to provide a clinical update on its safety and activity in ovarian cancer, and to highlight future perspectives for its optimal use. Veliparib favorable toxicity profile encourages its use either as monotherapy or in combination. Its peculiar neuroprotective and radio-sensitizing effect warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Ghisoni
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gaia Giannone
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Tuninetti
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sofia Genta
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Scotto
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gloria Mittica
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valabrega
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS, Strada provinciale 142 km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Li D, Luo Y, Chen X, Zhang L, Wang T, Zhuang Y, Fan Y, Xu J, Chen Y, Wu L. NF-κB and Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 Form a Positive Feedback Loop that Regulates DNA Repair in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:761-772. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Use of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors has greatly increased over the past 5 years. With several new Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals, three PARP inhibitors have entered into standard of care treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer (including ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer). Olaparib and rucaparib currently have indications for treatment of recurrent BRCA mutant ovarian cancer. Olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib all have indications for maintenance therapy in recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer after response to platinum-based therapy. In our practice, we use both olaparib and rucaparib in the recurrent setting, and all three PARP inhibitors in the maintenance setting. Choice of which PARP inhibitor to use in either setting is largely based upon baseline laboratory values, number of prior therapies, and presence of a BRCA mutation and/or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). As (HRD) and other biomarker assessments continue to improve, we anticipate being able to better identify which patients might most benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy in the future. The clinically available PARP inhibitors are currently undergoing extensive investigations in clinical trials. Other newer agents such as talazoparib, veliparib, 2X-121, and CEP-9722 are in earlier stages of development. As more FDA-approved indications for PARP inhibitor therapy in ovarian cancer become available, we anticipate the decision of which PARP inhibitor to use will become increasingly complex.
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Atrafi F, Groen HJ, Byers LA, Garralda E, Lolkema MP, Sangha RS, Viteri S, Chae YK, Camidge DR, Gabrail NY, Hu B, Tian T, Nuthalapati S, Hoening E, He L, Komarnitsky P, Calles A. A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Veliparib Combined with Carboplatin and Etoposide in Patients with Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:496-505. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Balko RA, Hendrickson AW, Grudem ME, Klampe CM, Jatoi A. Can Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors Palliate Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Cancer? Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2018; 36:72-75. [DOI: 10.1177/1049909118786958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Paclitaxel-treated patients can suffer from years of peripheral neuropathy with pain, numbness, and tingling. Promising preclinical data with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors led us to explore this class of agents to palliate this neuropathy. Methods: We relied on a completed trial that tested the antineoplastic effects of veliparib (NCT01012817). Data from patients who had been enrolled on NCT01012817, who previously received paclitaxel, and who had completed a validated pain assessment instrument were evaluated for improvement in their pain scores. Results: All 34 eligible patients were women, and all had a metastatic gynecological malignancy. On a 10-point scale (higher numbers indicative of worse pain), the average baseline score was 3.6 (range: 0-7). Seven patients (21%; 95% confidence interval: 9%-38%) manifested a drop in pain score (1 score lower than baseline followed by at least one consecutive value also below baseline). Of note, no patients initiated other therapy for neuropathy while on NCT01012817. Conclusion: The PARP inhibitors merit further study for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. For patients suffering from peripheral neuropathy, these putative palliative effects might prompt earlier consideration of a PARP inhibitor as part of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Balko
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aminah Jatoi
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Doles JD, Hogan KA, O'Connor J, Wahner Hendrickson AE, Huston O, Jatoi A. Does the Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor Veliparib Merit Further Study for Cancer-Associated Weight Loss? Observations and Conclusions from Sixty Prospectively Treated Patients. J Palliat Med 2018; 21:1334-1338. [PMID: 29792535 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 80% of patients with advanced cancer develop weight loss. Because preclinical data suggest poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors can treat this weight loss, this study was undertaken to explore the PARP inhibitor veliparib for this indication. OBJECTIVE The current study was undertaken to analyze prospectively gathered data on weight in cancer patients on PARP inhibitors. DESIGN/SETTING The current study relied on a previously published, prospectively conducted phase 1 single institution trial that combined veliparib and topotecan (NCT01012817) as antineoplastic therapy for advanced cancer patients. Serial weight data and, when available and clinically relevant, computerized tomography scans were also examined. MEASUREMENTS The primary endpoint was 10% or greater weight gain from trial enrollment. RESULTS Nearly all 60 patients lost weight over time. Only one patient manifested a 10% or greater gain in weight. However, review of computerized tomography L3 images showed this weight gain was a manifestation of ascites. Four other patients gained 5% of their baseline weight. However, findings in two patients with available radiographs showed no evidence of muscle augmentation. CONCLUSIONS The addition of the PARP inhibitor veliparib to chemotherapy does not appear to result in notable weight gain or in weight maintenance in patients with advanced cancer. Interventions other than PARP inhibitors should be considered for the palliation/treatment of cancer-associated weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Doles
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kelly A Hogan
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Olivia Huston
- 2 Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aminah Jatoi
- 2 Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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