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Islam MT, Jang NH, Lee HJ. Natural Products as Regulators against Matrix Metalloproteinases for the Treatment of Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:794. [PMID: 38672151 PMCID: PMC11048580 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers are currently the major cause of mortality in the world. According to previous studies, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have an impact on tumor cell proliferation, which could lead to the onset and progression of cancers. Therefore, regulating the expression and activity of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, could be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of cancers. Various studies have tried to investigate and understand the pathophysiology of cancers to suggest potent treatments. In this review, we summarize how natural products from marine organisms and plants, as regulators of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and enzymatic activity, can operate as potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Towhedul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Nak Han Jang
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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2
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Dubey N, Dubey N, Bhadoria U, Shah K, Chauhan NS. Targeting colorectal cancer using dietary flavonols. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e99. [PMID: 38948535 PMCID: PMC11212334 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the well-known forms of cancer and a prominent cause of cancer demises worldwide. In vitro experiments reinforced by animal studies, as well as epidemiological studies of human colorectal cancer propose that the growth of this disease can be moderated by eating aspects. Dietary intake including green vegetables and fruits may result in the reduction of colon cancer chances. The finding suggests that the combinations of dietary nutrients may deliver additive or synergistic effects and might be a powerful method to avoid or eradicate colon cancer beginning and/or development. Flavonols are one of the most widespread dietary nutrients of the polyphenols-flavonoids and major constituent of Allium and Brassicaceae vegetables. Flavonols present in vegetables of Allium and Brassicaceae family are kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and isorhamnetin. These flavonols are claimed to have antiproliferative activity in vivo and in vitro against colorectal cancer. The objective of this review is to summarize the role of flavonols obtained from dietary sources in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Dubey
- IPS Academy College of PharmacyIndoreMadhya PradeshIndia
| | - Nidhi Dubey
- School of PharmacyDevi Ahilya VishwavidyalayaIndoreMadhya PradeshIndia
| | | | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ResearchGLA UniversityMathuraUttar PradeshIndia
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3
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Rashid ZA, Bardaweel SK. Novel Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12133. [PMID: 37569509 PMCID: PMC10418771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of zinc-dependent proteolytic metalloenzymes. MMP-9, a member of the gelatinase B family, is characterized as one of the most intricate MMPs. The crucial involvement of MMP-9 in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling underscores its significant correlation with each stage of cancer pathogenesis and progression. The design and synthesis of MMP-9 inhibitors is a potentially attractive research area. Unfortunately, to date, there is no effective MMP-9 inhibitor that passes the clinical trials and is approved by the FDA. This review primarily focuses on exploring the diverse strategies employed in the design and advancement of MMP-9 inhibitors, along with their anticancer effects and selectivity. To illuminate the essential structural characteristics necessary for the future design of novel MMP-9 inhibitors, the current narrative review highlights several recently discovered MMP-9 inhibitors exhibiting notable selectivity and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanaa K. Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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4
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Mandil R, Prakash A, Rahal A, Koli S, Kumar R, Garg SK. Evaluation of oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of copper and flubendiamide: amelioration by antioxidants in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:232-252. [PMID: 37125329 PMCID: PMC10141782 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Present study was designed to evaluate toxic effects of copper (Cu) (@ 33 mg/kg b.wt.) and flubendimide (Flb) (@ 200 mg/kg b.wt.) alone and/or in combination on blood-biochemical indices, oxidative stress, and drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in vivo in male Wistar rats following oral exposure continuously for 90 days and their immunotoxic (cyto-genotoxic and apoptotic) potential in vitro on thymocytes. In in vivo study, ameliorative potential of α-tocopherol was assessed, whereas α-tocopherol, curcumin, resveratrol, and catechin were evaluated for protective effect in vitro. Significantly (P < 0.05) increased AST activity and increment in total bilirubin, uric acid, creatinine, and BUN levels; however, reduction in total protein, GSH content, reduced activities of SOD and GST, and increased lipid peroxidation and GPx activity with severe degenerative changes in histopathological examination of liver and kidney in group of Cu and Flb were observed. Treatment with α-tocopherol improved biochemical variables, redox status, and histoarchitecture of liver and kidney tissues. Reduced hepatic CYP450, CYPb5, APH, UGT, and GST activities observed in both Cu and α-tocopherol alone and their combination groups, whereas significant increment in Flb alone, while α-tocopherol in combination with xenobiotics improved the activities of hepatic DMEs. Primary cell culture of thymocytes (106 cells/ml) exposed to Cu and Flb each @ 40 μM increased TUNEL+ve cells, micronuclei induction, DNA shearing, and comet formation establishes their apoptotic and genotoxic potential, whereas treatment with antioxidants showed concentration-dependent significant reduction and their order of potency on equimolar concentration (10 μM) basis is: curcumin > resveratrol > catechin = α-tocopherol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Mandil
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut 250110, India
| | - Atul Prakash
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut 250110, India
| | - Anu Rahal
- Central Institute for Research on Goat (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura 281122, India
| | - Swati Koli
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut 250110, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishvidyalay Evam Go- Anushandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Near Civil Line, Mathura 281001, India
| | - Satish K Garg
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut 250110, India
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Choudhary R, Singh A, Upadhyay A, Singh R, Thangalakshmi S, Dar AH, Bajpai VK, Shukla S. Exotic god fruit, persimmon (
Diospyros kaki
): Pharmacological importance and human health aspects. EFOOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Choudhary
- TERI‐Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Division of Sustainable Agriculture The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari Haryana Gurugram India
| | - Anurag Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli Sonipat Haryana India
| | - Ashutosh Upadhyay
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli Sonipat Haryana India
| | - Rakhi Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli Sonipat Haryana India
| | - S. Thangalakshmi
- Department of Food Engineering National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli Sonipat Haryana India
| | - Aamir H. Dar
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Sciences and Technology Awantipora Kashmir India
| | - Vivek K. Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering Dongguk University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- TERI‐Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Division of Sustainable Agriculture The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari Haryana Gurugram India
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Jian M, Sun X, Cheng G, Zhang H, Li X, Song F, Liu Z, Wang Z. Discovery of Phenolic Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors by Peptide Microarray for Osteosarcoma Treatment. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2424-2432. [PMID: 36122348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of the abnormal upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities in tumors, MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) are validated anticancer drug candidates. We identified several MMPIs including mangiferin as an MMP-9 inhibitor with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 250 nM, isosilybin as an MMP-13 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 250 nM, and isoliquiritigenin as a broad-spectrum MMPI (with IC50 values of 16 nM for MMP-1, 10 nM for MMP-2, 81 nM for MMP-3, 8 nM for MMP-7, 10 nM for MMP-9, and 14 nM for MMP-13) through studying the interactions of 6 MMPs secreted by U-2OS cells with 51 phenolic natural products on the peptide microarray platform. In addition, the inhibitory mechanisms of as-discovered MMPIs were evaluated by a molecular docking simulation. The antitumor efficiencies of MMPIs were demonstrated by both a cell scratch test and growth suppression of mouse-born OS tumors. The results of the cell scratch test suggested that isoliquiritigenin significantly inhibited the migration of U-2OS cells. In addition, administration of isoliquiritigenin significantly reduced the tumor size (by about 80%) and prolonged the survival time (by more than 70 days). This study suggests that the discovery of MMPIs from phenolic natural products is a meaningful way to screen anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghong Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Cheng
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fengrui Song
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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7
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Cocrystals of flavonoids with 4,4′-ethylenebispyridine: Crystal structures analysis, dissolution behavior, and anti-tumor activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Hasan UH, Uttra AM, Qasim S, Ikram J, Saleem M, Niazi ZR. Phytochemicals targeting matrix metalloproteinases regulating tissue degradation in inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 66:153134. [PMID: 31812101 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Matrix metalloproteinases, zinc dependent proteolytic enzymes, have significant implications in extracellular matrix degradation associated with tissue damage in inflammation and Rheumatoid arthritis. Numerous orchestrated pathways affects instigation and blockade of metalloproteinases as well as various factors that increase the expression of MMPs including inflammatory cytokines, hormones and growth factors. Direct inhibition of these proteolytic enzymes or modulation of these pathways can provide protection against tissue destruction in inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. Inclination towards use of plant derived phytochemicals to prevent tissue damage has been increasing day by day. Diversity of phytochemicals have been known to directly inhibit metalloproteinases. Hence, thorough knowledge of phytochemicals is very important in novel drug discovery. METHODS Present communication evaluates various classes of phytochemicals, in effort to unveil the lead molecules as potential therapeutic agents, for prevention of MMPs mediated tissue damage in inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. Data have been analyzed through different search engines. RESULTS Numerous phytochemicals have been studied for their role as MMPs inhibitors which can be processed further to develop into useful drugs for the treatment of inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSION In search of new drugs, phytochemicals like flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, lignans & terpenes offer a wide canvas to develop into valuable forthcoming medicaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Habiba Hasan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Malik Uttra
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Qasim
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Javaria Ikram
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- University College of Pharmacy, University of Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Rasul Niazi
- Department of Basic medical science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, DI Khan, KPK, Pakistan
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9
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Maroufi NF, Vahedian V, Mazrakhondi SAM, Kooti W, Khiavy HA, Bazzaz R, Ramezani F, Pirouzpanah SM, Ghorbani M, Akbarzadeh M, Hajipour H, Ghanbarzadeh S, Sabzichi M. Sensitization of MDA-MBA231 breast cancer cell to docetaxel by myricetin loaded into biocompatible lipid nanoparticles via sub-G1 cell cycle arrest mechanism. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:1-11. [PMID: 31372697 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The harmful dose-dependent side effects of chemotherapy drugs have caused the discovery of novel perspective to evaluate chemotherapy protocols. In this study, the potential application of Compritol was investigated as a major scaffold into nanostructured lipid careers to highlight myricetin efficiency in treatment of breast cancer cells along with codelivery of docetaxel (DXT). Characterization of myricetin-loaded NLCs was carried out by measuring the particle size and zeta potential, using the scanning electron microscopy. MTT, DAPI staining, flow cytometric, and RT-PCR (real-time) assays were used to recognize novel formulation behavior on cell cytotoxicity as well as recognizing molecular mechanism of formulation concerning apoptosis phenomenon. Myricetin-loaded NLCs reduced the cell viability from 50 ± 2.3 to 40 ± 1.3% (p < 0.05). Percentage of apoptosis improved with combination treatment of myricetin-loaded NLCs and DXT in the MDA-MBA231 breast cancer cells. Expression of antiapoptotic genes (survivin, Cyclin B1, and Mcl1) indicated a significant reduction in factor along with increment in proapoptotic factor Bax and Bid mRNA rates. Overall, our results represented that the NLC delivery system could be a promising strategy to enhance the effect of anticancer agents such as DXT on breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Fathi Maroufi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Vahedian
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Sari, Iran
| | | | - Wesam Kooti
- Lung Diseases and Allergy Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hosein Ajami Khiavy
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Bazzaz
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hajipour
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghanbarzadeh
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Sabzichi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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10
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Zhu ZD, Ye JM, Fu XM, Wang XC, Ye JY, Wu XR, Hua P, Liao YQ, Xuan W, Duan JL, Li WY, Fu H, Xia ZH, Zhang X. DDAH2 alleviates myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy through activation of the DDAH/ADMA/NOS/NO pathway in rats. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:749-760. [PMID: 30569164 PMCID: PMC6317674 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a form of idiopathic heart disease, with signs including hypertrophy of myocardial cells, hypertension‑independent fibrosis and coronary artery disease. Considering the involvement of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2) in diabetes, it was hypothesized that DDAH2 may be beneficial to cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis during the progression of DCM with involvement of the DDAH/asymmetric NG, NGdimethyl‑L‑arginine (ADMA)/nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway. Following establishment of diabetic rat models, diabetes‑related blood biochemical indices and cardiac function were measured in diabetic rats treated with lentivirus expressing DDAH2, short hairpin RNA against DDAH2, or L‑NNA (inhibitor of NOS) to identify the roles of DDAH2 in DCM. The functional roles of DDAH2 in DCM were further determined through detection of the levels of collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2). The H9C2 myocardial cell line was selected for in vitro experiments. The effects of DDAH2 on the migration of myocardial cells under high glucose conditions were also examined. To further investigate the underlying regulatory mechanism of DDAH2 in DCM, the contents of ADMA and NO, and the activities of DDAH and NOS were observed. The DCM model rats treated with DDAH2 exhibited reduced left ventricular end‑diastolic pressure, and decreased blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, and fasting insulin levels, but exhibited increased left ventricular systolic pressure and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise/fall levels in myocardial tissues. Myocardial cells under high glucose conditions treated with DDAH2 showed reductions in collagen I, MMP2 and TIMP2, indicating that DDAH2 reduced cell migration. Decreased levels of ADMA and NO but increased levels of DDAH and NOS were observed following treatment with DDAH2, indicating that the DDAH/ADMA/NOS/NO pathway was activated. These results reveal that the overexpression of DDAH2 attenuates myocardial fibrosis and protects against DCM through activation of the DDAH/ADMA/NOS/NO pathway in DCM rats. These results indicate that DDAH2 is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Dong Zhu
- Yunnan Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Ming Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Fu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Chang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yun Ye
- Pathogenic Organisms Department of Experimental Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Ran Wu
- Center Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P.R. China
| | - Peng Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qiong Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Lan Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Yuan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Hui Fu
- Clinic Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Hua Xia
- Clinical Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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11
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Preciado LM, Comer J, Núñez V, Rey-Súarez P, Pereañez JA. Inhibition of a Snake Venom Metalloproteinase by the Flavonoid Myricetin. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102662. [PMID: 30332829 PMCID: PMC6222685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the snakebite envenomations in Central and South America are caused by species belonging to Bothrops genus. Their venom is composed mainly by zinc-dependent metalloproteinases, responsible of the hemorrhage characteristic of these envenomations. The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory ability of ten flavonoids on the in-vitro proteolytic activity of Bothrops atrox venom and on the hemorrhagic, edema-forming and myonecrotic activities of Batx-I, the most abundant metalloproteinase isolated from this venom. Myricetin was the most active compound, exhibiting an IC 50 value of 150 μ M and 1021 μ M for the inhibition of proteolytic and hemorrhagic activity, respectively. Independent injection experiments, with a concentration of 1600 μ M of myricetin administered locally, immediately after toxin injection, demonstrated a reduction of 28 ± 6 % in the hemorrhagic lesion. Additionally, myricetin at concentrations 800, 1200 and 1600 μ M promoted a reduction in plasma creatine kinase activity induced by Batx-I of 21 ± 2 % , 60 ± 5 % and 63 ± 2 % , respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations coupled with the adaptive biasing method suggest that myricetin can bind to the metalloproteinase active site via formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups 3', 4' and 5' of the benzyl moiety and amino acid Glu143 of the metalloproteinase. The hydroxyl substitution pattern of myricetin appears to be essential for its inhibitory activity. Based on this evidence, myricetin constitutes a candidate for the development of inhibitors to reduce local tissue damage in snakebite envenomations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina María Preciado
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Jeffrey Comer
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Vitelbina Núñez
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
- Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Paola Rey-Súarez
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Jaime Andrés Pereañez
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
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Agarwal S, Muniyandi P, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. Vesicular systems employing natural substances as promising drug candidates for MMP inhibition in glioblastoma: A nanotechnological approach. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:339-361. [PMID: 30236647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), one of the most lethal Brain tumors, characterized by its high invasive nature and increased mortality rates forms a major bottleneck in transport of therapeutics across the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are classified as enzymes, which are found to be up regulated in the Glioma tumor microenvironment and thus can be considered as a target for inhibition for curbing GBM. Many chemotherapeutics and techniques have been employed for inhibiting MMPs till now but all of them failed miserably and were withdrawn in clinical trials due to their inability in restricting the tumor growth or increasing the overall survival rates. Thus, the quest for finding the suitable MMP inhibitor is still on and there is a critical need for identification of novel compounds which can alter the BBB permeability, restrain tumor growth and prevent tumor recurrence. Currently, naturally derived substances are gaining widespread attention as tumor inhibitors and many studies have been reported by far highlighting their importance in restricting MMP expression thus serving as chemotherapeutics for cancer due to their minimal toxicity. These substances may serve as probable candidates for inhibiting MMP expression in GBM. However, targeting and delivering the inhibitor to its target site is an issue that needs to be overcome in order to attain maximum specificity and sustained release. The birth of nanotechnology served as a boon in delivering drugs to the most complicated areas thus paving way for Nano drug delivery. An efficient Nano carrier with ability to cross the BBB and competently kill the Glioma cells forms the prerequisite for GBM chemotherapy. Vesicular drug delivery systems are one such class of carriers, which have the capacity to release the drug at a predetermined rate at the target site thus minimizing any undesirable side effects. Exploiting vesicular systems as promising Nano drug carriers to formulate naturally derived substances, that can bypass the BBB and act as an inhibitor against MMPs in GBM is the main theme of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Agarwal
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
| | - Priyadharshni Muniyandi
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
| | - D Sakthi Kumar
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
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Park H, Park S, Bazer FW, Lim W, Song G. Myricetin treatment induces apoptosis in canine osteosarcoma cells by inducing DNA fragmentation, disrupting redox homeostasis, and mediating loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7457-7466. [PMID: 29663365 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma is an aggressive primary bone tumor that shows metastasis to distal regions and is associated with a high mortality rate. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of canine osteosarcoma are not well characterized. In addition, development of prognostic factors and novel therapeutic agents is necessary to efficiently treat osteosarcoma. Therefore, we studied the effects of myricetin, an antioxidant found in berries, nuts, teas, wine, and vegetables, on apoptosis and signal transduction in the canine osteosarcoma cell lines, D-17 and DSN. Results of the present study demonstrated that treatment with myricetin decreased cell proliferation and DNA replication, while it increased apoptotic DNA fragmentation in D-17 and DSN cells. In addition, it increased generation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and depolarization of MMP in both D-17 and DSN cells. Myricetin treatment activated phosphorylation of AKT, p70S6K, ERK1/2, JNK, and p90RSK in canine osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K and MAPK using LY294002, U0126, or SP600125, in addition to myricetin treatment, effectively suppressed cell proliferation compared to treatment with myricetin or each inhibitor alone. Therefore, we concluded that myricetin may be a potentially effective and less toxic therapeutic agent to prevent and control progression of canine osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Autumn Royal and Ribier Grape Juice Extracts Reduced Viability and Metastatic Potential of Colon Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2517080. [PMID: 29552079 PMCID: PMC5820573 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2517080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidants are known to be beneficial to health. This paper evaluates the potential chemopreventive and anticancer properties of phenolic compounds present in grape juice extracts (GJE) from Autumn Royal and Ribier varieties. The effects of these GJE on viability (SRB day assay) and metastatic potential (migration and invasion parameters) of colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and SW-480 were evaluated. The effects of GJE on two matrix metalloproteinase gene expressions (MMP2 and MMP9) were also evaluated via qRT-PCR. In the former, GJE reduced cell viability in both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. GJE treatment also reduced cell migration and invasion. Moreover, MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene expression diminished depending on extract and on cell type. Conclusions. These results provide novel information concerning anticancer properties of selected GJE by revealing selective cytotoxicity and the ability to reduce invasiveness of colon cancer cells.
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Ci Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Lu S, Cao J, Li H, Zhang J, Huang Z, Zhu X, Gao J, Han M. Myricetin suppresses breast cancer metastasis through down-regulating the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9. Phytother Res 2018. [PMID: 29532526 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tumour metastasis is the major cause of breast cancer mortality. Myricetin, a natural polyphenol, is found in teas, wines, and berries. The pharmacodynamic action and molecular mechanism of myricetin on breast cancer metastasis remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of myricetin on MDA-Mb-231Br cell viability, migration, invasion, and 4T1 mouse lung metastasis mouse models. MMP-2/9 protein expression and ST6GALNAC5 expression were analysed using western blot assays and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound-healing and Boyden transwell assays. The antimetastatic effect in vivo was evaluated by lung metastasis model. Myricetin significantly decreased the activities of MMP-2/9 and mRNA levels of ST6GALNAC5. In addition, the migration, invasion, and adhesion were effectively inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, mice treated with myricetin exhibited smaller tumour nodules compared with the vehicle mice, with only 17.78 ± 15.41% after treatment with 50 mg/kg myricetin. In conclusion, myricetin could significantly block invasion of MDA-Mb-231Br cells through suppressing the protein expression of MMP-2/9 and the expression of ST6GALNAC5, as well as lung metastasis in a mouse model, which suggests that myricetin should be developed as a potential therapeutic candidate for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Ci
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Liu
- College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Huajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Province Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Polyphenols in Colorectal Cancer: Current State of Knowledge including Clinical Trials and Molecular Mechanism of Action. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4154185. [PMID: 29568751 PMCID: PMC5820674 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4154185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been reported to have wide spectrum of biological activities including major impact on initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer by modulating different signalling pathways. Colorectal cancer is the second most major cause of mortality and morbidity among females and the third among males. The objective of this review is to describe the activity of a variety of polyphenols in colorectal cancer in clinical trials, preclinical studies, and primary research. The molecular mechanisms of major polyphenols related to their beneficial effects on colorectal cancer are also addressed. Synthetic modifications and other future directions towards exploiting of natural polyphenols against colorectal cancer are discussed in the last section.
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Patil VM, Masand N. Anticancer Potential of Flavonoids: Chemistry, Biological Activities, and Future Perspectives. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64179-3.00012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Wu MS, Chien CC, Cheng KT, Subbaraju GV, Chen YC. Hispolon Suppresses LPS- or LTA-Induced iNOS/NO Production and Apoptosis in BV-2 Microglial Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1649-1666. [PMID: 29121802 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hispolon (HIS) is an active polyphenol compound derived from Phellinus linteus (Berkeley & Curtis), and our previous study showed that HIS effectively inhibited inflammatory responses in macrophages [Yang, L.Y., S.C. Shen, K.T. Cheng, G.V. Subbaraju, C.C. Chien and Y.C. Chen. Hispolon inhibition of inflammatory apoptosis through reduction of iNOS/NO production via HO-1 induction in macrophages. J. Ethnopharmacol. 156: 61-72, 2014]; however, its effect on neuronal inflammation is still undefined. In this study, HIS concentration- and time-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS)/NO production with increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 proteins in BV-2 microglial cells. Accordingly, HIS protected BV-2 cells from LPS- or LTA-induced apoptosis, characterized by decreased DNA ladder formation, and caspase-3 and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein cleavage in BV-2 cells. Similarly, the NOS inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NAME), inhibited LPS- or LTA-induced apoptosis of BV-2 cells, but neither NAME nor HIS showed any inhibition of NO production or cell death induced by the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), indicating the involvement of NO in the inflammatory apoptosis of microglial cells. Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor (NF)-[Formula: see text]B contributed to LPS- or LTA-induced iNOS/NO production and apoptosis of BV-2 cells, and that was suppressed by HIS. Additionally, HIS possesses activity to induce HO-1 protein expression via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in BV-2 cells, and application of the HO inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin (SnPP), or knockdown of HO-1 protein by HO-1 small interfering (si)RNA significantly reversed HIS inhibition of NO production and cell death in BV-2 cells stimulated by LPS. Results of an analysis of the effects of HIS and two structurally related chemicals, i.e. dehydroxy-HIS (D-HIS) and HIS-methyl ester (HIS-ME), showed that HIS expressed the most potent inhibitory effects on iNOS/NO production, JNK activation, and apoptosis in BV-2 microglial cells activated by LPS with increased HO-1 protein expression. Overall these results suggested that HIS possesses inhibitory activity against LPS- or LTA-induced inflammatory responses including iNOS/NO production and apoptosis in BV-2 microglial cells and that the mechanisms involve upregulation of the HO-1 protein and downregulation of JNK/NF-[Formula: see text]B activation. A critical role of hydroxyl at position C3 in the anti-inflammatory actions of HIS against activated BV-2 microglial cells was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shun Wu
- * Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,† Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chien
- ¶ Department of Nephrology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,∥ Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- ‡ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yen-Chou Chen
- § Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,†† Cancer Research Center and Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ren T, Erbakan M, Shen Y, Barbieri E, Saboe P, Feroz H, Yan H, McCuskey S, Hall JF, Schantz AB, Bazan GC, Butler PJ, Grzelakowski M, Kumar M. Membrane Protein Insertion into and Compatibility with Biomimetic Membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 1:e1700053. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Mustafa Erbakan
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
- Department of Biosystem Engineering Bozok University Yozgat 66000 Turkey
| | - Yuexiao Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Eduardo Barbieri
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
- Departamento de Engenharia Química Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Centro de Tecnologia Bloco E Rio de Janeiro RJ CEP 21941‐909 Brazil
| | - Patrick Saboe
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Hasin Feroz
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Hengjing Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Samantha McCuskey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Joseph F. Hall
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - A. Benjamin Schantz
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Peter J. Butler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA 16802
| | | | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
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Martínez-Pérez C, Ward C, Turnbull AK, Mullen P, Cook G, Meehan J, Jarman EJ, Thomson PIT, Campbell CJ, McPhail D, Harrison DJ, Langdon SP. Antitumour activity of the novel flavonoid Oncamex in preclinical breast cancer models. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:905-16. [PMID: 27031849 PMCID: PMC4984802 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The natural polyphenol myricetin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in preclinical cancer models. We hypothesised that myricetin-derived flavonoids with enhanced redox properties, improved cell uptake and mitochondrial targeting might have increased potential as antitumour agents. Methods: We studied the effect of a second-generation flavonoid analogue Oncamex in a panel of seven breast cancer cell lines, applying western blotting, gene expression analysis, fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry of xenograft tissue to investigate its mechanism of action. Results: Proliferation assays showed that Oncamex treatment for 8 h reduced cell viability and induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis, concomitant with increased caspase activation. Microarray analysis showed that Oncamex was associated with changes in the expression of genes controlling cell cycle and apoptosis. Fluorescence microscopy showed the compound's mitochondrial targeting and reactive oxygen species-modulating properties, inducing superoxide production at concentrations associated with antiproliferative effects. A preliminary in vivo study in mice implanted with the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenograft showed that Oncamex inhibited tumour growth, reducing tissue viability and Ki-67 proliferation, with no signs of untoward effects on the animals. Conclusions: Oncamex is a novel flavonoid capable of specific mitochondrial delivery and redox modulation. It has shown antitumour activity in preclinical models of breast cancer, supporting the potential of this prototypic candidate for its continued development as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Pérez
- Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Carol Ward
- Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Arran K Turnbull
- Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Peter Mullen
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK
| | - Graeme Cook
- Antoxis Limited, IMS Building, Foresterhill Health and Research Complex, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - James Meehan
- Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Edward J Jarman
- Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Patrick I T Thomson
- EaSTCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Colin J Campbell
- EaSTCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Donald McPhail
- Antoxis Limited, IMS Building, Foresterhill Health and Research Complex, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - David J Harrison
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK
| | - Simon P Langdon
- Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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Okabe K, Kato K, Teranishi M, Okumura M, Fukui R, Mori T, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Induction of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-3 by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate stimulates cell migration of rat liver cells. Cancer Lett 2011; 309:236-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Jung SK, Lee KW, Kim HY, Oh MH, Byun S, Lim SH, Heo YS, Kang NJ, Bode AM, Dong Z, Lee HJ. Myricetin suppresses UVB-induced wrinkle formation and MMP-9 expression by inhibiting Raf. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79:1455-61. [PMID: 20093107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) light causes skin photoaging. Many studies have shown that naturally occurring phytochemicals have anti-photoaging effects, but their direct target molecule(s) and mechanism(s) remain unclear. We found that myricetin, a major flavonoid in berries and red wine, inhibited wrinkle formation in mouse skin induced by chronic UVB irradiation (0.18J/cm(2), 3 days/week for 15 weeks). Myricetin treatment reduced UVB-induced epidermal thickening of mouse skin and also suppressed UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein expression and enzyme activity. Myricetin appeared to exert its anti-aging effects by suppressing UVB-induced Raf kinase activity and subsequent attenuation of UVB-induced phosphorylation of MEK and ERK in mouse skin. In vitro and in vivo pull-down assays revealed that myricetin bound with Raf in an ATP-noncompetitive manner. Overall, these results indicate that myricetin exerts potent anti-photoaging activity by regulating MMP-9 expression through the suppression of Raf kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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La VD, Bergeron C, Gafner S, Grenier D. Grape seed extract suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion by macrophages and inhibits human MMP-1 and -9 activities. J Periodontol 2009; 80:1875-82. [PMID: 19905958 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) produced by resident and inflammatory cells in response to Gram-negative periodontopathogens play a major role in the tissue destruction observed during periodontitis, a disease that affects tooth-supporting structures. In this study, we investigated the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on MMP secretion by human monocyte-derived macrophages stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and on the activity of human recombinant MMP-1 and -9. METHODS Macrophages were treated with various concentrations of GSE prior to being stimulated with A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS. The secretion of MMPs and activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) p65 and activator protein-1 (AP-1) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect of GSE on the catalytic activity of human recombinant MMP-1 and -9 was tested using fluorogenic assays. RESULTS GSE inhibited the secretion of MMP-1, -3, -7, -8, -9, and -13 by LPS-stimulated macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. The suppression of MMP secretion was associated with inhibition of NF-kappaB p65 and AP-1 activation. Also, GSE dose-dependently inhibited the activity of MMP-1 and -9. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that GSE may be potentially used in the development of novel host-modulating strategies for the treatment of MMP-mediated disorders such as periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Dang La
- Research Group in Oral Ecology, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Shih YW, Wu PF, Lee YC, Shi MD, Chiang TA. Myricetin suppresses invasion and migration of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells: possible mediation by blocking the ERK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3490-9. [PMID: 19326946 DOI: 10.1021/jf900124r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis, involving multiple processes and various cytophysiological changes, is a primary cause of cancer death and may complicate clinical management, even leading to death. Myricetin (3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxyflavone), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has various anticancer activities. This is the first study to explore the antimetastatic effect of myricetin in human adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro. First, myricetin exerted a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on the adhesion, invasion, and migration of A549 cells in the absence of cytotoxicity. Gelatin or casein zymography assays showed that myricetin inhibited the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA) activities of A549 cells. Moreover, myricetin also exerted an inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and inhibition of activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), c-Fos, and c-Jun. Treatment with myricetin of A549 cells also led to a dose-dependent effect on the binding abilities of NF-kappaB and AP-1. Furthermore, the ERK inhibitor (U0126) could result in reduced activities of MMP-2 and u-PA concomitantly with a marked inhibition on cell invasion and migration. These results demonstrated that the inhibition of MMP-2 and u-PA expression by myricetin may be through a suppression on ERK1/2 phosphorylation and inhibit A549 cells invasion and migration. As shown by the above results, myricetin may be a powerful candidate in developing preventive agents for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Wei Shih
- Department of Biological Science and Technology and Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, No. 89 Wen-Hwa First Street, Jen-Te, Tainan 717, Taiwan, ROC
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Lin CW, Shen SC, Hou WC, Yang LY, Chen YC. Heme oxygenase-1 inhibits breast cancer invasion via suppressing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7:1195-206. [PMID: 18483307 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effects of the invasiveness and migration of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in human breast carcinoma cells. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) enzyme activity and gene expression at both protein and mRNA levels were examined in human breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), and the addition of the MMP-9 inhibitor, SB3CT, significantly suppressed TPA-induced invasion and migration according to the in vitro Transwell assay. Elevation of HO-1 gene expression by ferric protoporphyrin IX inhibited TPA-induced invasion of MCF-7 cells, which was blocked by adding the heme oxygenase inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin IX, or transfection of cells with HO-1 short hairpin RNA. MCF-7 cells overexpressing HO-1 (MCF-7/HO-1) were established in the present study, and TPA-induced MMP-9 gene expression, tumor invasion, and colony formation were significantly reduced in MCF-7/HO-1 cells, compared with those in Neo-transfected cells. Activation of protein kinase Calpha/extracellular signal-regulated kinases/AP-1 with stimulation of reactive oxygen species production was involved in TPA-induced invasion of MCF-7 cells, which was attenuated by HO-1 protein induced by ferric protoporphyrin IX or transfection of HO-1 expression vectors. Additionally, the addition of carbon monoxide, but not ferric ions, biliverdin, or bilirubin, inhibited TPA-induced invasion through suppressing MMP-9, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and AP-1 activation stimulated by TPA. The beneficial role of HO-1 in blocking tumor invasion was first identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lee KM, Kang NJ, Han JH, Lee KW, Lee HJ. Myricetin down-regulates phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse epidermal cells by blocking activation of nuclear factor kappa B. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:9678-9684. [PMID: 17944529 DOI: 10.1021/jf0717945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been implicated in the development of cancer. There are multiple lines of evidence that red wine exerts chemopreventive effects, and 3,5,4'-trihydroxy- trans-stilbene (resveratrol), which is a non-flavonoid polyphenol found in red wine, has been reported to be a natural chemopreventive agent. However, other phytochemicals might contribute to the cancer-preventive activities of red wine, and the flavonol content of red wines is about 30 times higher than that of resveratrol. Here we report that 3,3',4',5,5',7-hexahydroxyflavone (myricetin), one of the major flavonols in red wine, inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (phorbol ester)-induced COX-2 expression in JB6 P+ mouse epidermal (JB6 P+) cells by suppressing activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Myricetin at 10 and 20 microM inhibited phorbol ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 protein, while resveratrol at the same concentration did not exert significant effects. The phorbol ester-induced production of prostaglandin E 2 was also attenuated by myricetin treatment. Myricetin inhibited both COX-2 and NF-kappaB transactivation in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells, as determined using a luciferase assay. Myricetin blocked the phorbol ester-stimulated DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB, as determined using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Moreover, TPCK (N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone), a NF-kappaB inhibitor, significantly attenuated COX-2 expression and NF-kappaB promoter activity in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells. In addition, red wine extract inhibited phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression and NF-kappaB transactivation in JB6 P+ cells. Collectively, these data suggest that myricetin contributes to the chemopreventive effects of red wine through inhibition of COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of NF-kappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
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Huang GC, Chow JM, Shen SC, Yang LY, Lin CW, Chen YC. Wogonin but not Nor-wogonin inhibits lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid-induced iNOS gene expression and NO production in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:1054-63. [PMID: 17570322 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Wogonin (Wog; 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxy flavone) has been shown to effectively inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and nitric oxide production in our previous study. In the present study, we found that Nor-wogonin (N-Wog; 5,7,8-trihydroxyl flavone), a structural analogue of Wog with an OH substitution at C8, performed different effect on LPS- or lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced iNOS gene expression and nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophages. Wog, but not N-Wog, significantly inhibits LPS- or LTA-induced NO production through suppressing iNOS gene expression at both protein and mRNA without affecting NO donor sodium nitroprusside-induced NO production, NOS enzyme activity, and cells viability. Activation of JNKs (not ERKs) via phosphorylation induction, and an increase in c-Jun (not c-Fos) protein expression were involved in LPS- and LTA-treated RAW264.7 cells, and those events were blocked by Wog, but not N-Wog, addition. Furthermore, 5,7-diOH flavone, but not 5-OH flavone, 7-OH flavone, 5-OH-7-OCH(3) flavone, significantly inhibits LPS-induced iNOS protein expression and NO production, and 7,8-diOCH(3) flavone performs more effective inhibitory activity on LPS-induced NO production and iNOS protein expression than 7-OCH(3)-8-OH flavone. These data suggest that OHs at both C5 and C7 are essential for NO inhibition of flavonoids, and OCH(3) at C8 may contribute to this activity, and suppression of JNKs-c-Jun activation is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Cheng Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chen TJ, Jeng JY, Lin CW, Wu CY, Chen YC. Quercetin inhibition of ROS-dependent and -independent apoptosis in rat glioma C6 cells. Toxicology 2006; 223:113-26. [PMID: 16647178 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the protective mechanism of quercetin (QUE) and its glycosides, rutin (RUT) and quercitrin (QUI), on reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent (H(2)O(2)) and -independent (chemical anoxia) cell death in rat glioma C6 cells. Induction of HO-1 protein expression was detected in QUE- but not RUT- or QUI-treated C6 cells, and this was prevented by cycloheximide and actinomycin D. Incubation of C6 cells with QUE, but not RUT or QUI, protected C6 cells from H(2)O(2)- and chemical anoxia-induced cytotoxicity according to the MTT and LDH release assays. Apoptotic characteristics including chromatin condensation, DNA ladders, and hypodiploid cells appeared in H(2)O(2)-and chemical anoxia-treated C6 cells, and those events were significantly suppressed by adding QUE (but not RUT or QUI). Increases in caspase 3, 8, and 9 enzyme activities with decreases in pro-PARP and pro-caspase 3 protein levels and an increase in cleaved D4-GDI protein were identified in H(2)O(2)-and chemical anoxia-treated C6 cells, and these were blocked by the addition of QUE, but not by RUT or QUI. Intracellular peroxide levels increased with H(2)O(2) and decreased with chemical anoxia, and the addition of QUE reduced the intracellular peroxide levels induced by H(2)O(2). Results of an anti-DPPH radical assay showed that QUE, RUT, and QUI dose-dependently inhibited the production of DPPH radicals in vitro; however, QUE (but not RUT or QUI) prevention of DNA damage induced by OH radicals was identified with a plasmid digestion assay. Increases in phosphorylated ERK and p53 protein expressions were detected in H(2)O(2)- but not chemical anoxia-treated C6 cells, and the addition of QUE significantly blocked H(2)O(2)-induced phosphorylated ERK and p53 protein expressions. Adding the HO-1 inhibitors, SnPP, CoPP, and ZnPP, reversed the protective effect of QUE against H(2)O(2)- and chemical anoxia-induced cell death according to the MTT assay and morphological observations. Additionally, QUE exhibited inhibitory effects on LPS/TPA-induced transformation in accordance with a decrease in MMP-9 enzyme activity and iNOS protein expression in C6 cells. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that QUE exhibits an inhibitory effect on both ROS-dependent and -independent cell death, and induction of HO-1 protein expression is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Jong Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, No.95, Wen-Chung Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen YC, Chow JM, Lin CW, Wu CY, Shen SC. Baicalein inhibition of oxidative-stress-induced apoptosis via modulation of ERKs activation and induction of HO-1 gene expression in rat glioma cells C6. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2006; 216:263-73. [PMID: 16814338 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 05/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the protective mechanism of baicalein (BE) and its glycoside, baicalin (BI), on hydrogen-peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced cell death in rat glioma C6 cells. Results of the MTT assay, LDH release assay, and morphological observation showed that H(2)O(2) addition reduced the viability of C6 cells, and this was prevented by the addition of BE but not BI. Incubation of C6 cells with BE significantly decreased the intracellular peroxide level induced by H(2)O(2) according to flow cytometric analysis using DCHF-DA as a fluorescent substrate. Suppression of H(2)O(2)-induced apoptotic events including DNA ladders, hypodiploid cells, and activation of caspases 3, 8, and, 9 by BE but not BI was identified in C6 cells. The cytotoxicity and phosphorylation of ERK proteins induced by H(2)O(2) were blocked by the ERK inhibitor PD98059. Catalase addition prevented H(2)O(2)-induced ROS production, ERKs protein phosphorylation, and cell death, and BE dose-dependently inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced ERK protein phosphorylation in C6 cells. These data suggest that ROS-scavenging activity is involved in BE prevention of H(2)O(2)-induced cell death via blocking ERKs activation. Additionally, BE but not BI induced heat shock protein 32 (HSP32; HO-1) protein expression in both time- and dose-dependent manners, but not heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), or heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) protein expression. In the absence of H(2)O(2), BE induces ERKs protein phosphorylation, and HO-1 protein expression induced by BE was blocked by the addition of cycloheximide, actinomycin D, and the ERK inhibitor PD98059. The addition of the HO inhibitor ZnPP inhibited the protective effect of BE against H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity in C6 cells according to the MTT assay and apoptotic morphology under microscopic observation, accompanied by blocking the ROS-scavenging activity of BE in C6 cells. However, BE treatment was unable to protect C6 cells from C2-ceramide-induced cell death. These data indicate that BE possesses abilities to inhibit ROS-mediated cytotoxic effects through modulation of ERKs activation and induction of HO-1 protein expression. The role of HO-1 in ROS-scavenging activity of BE is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Shen SC, Lin CW, Lee HM, Chien LL, Chen YC. Lipopolysaccharide plus 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate induction of migration and invasion of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo: Differential inhibitory effects of flavonoids. Neuroscience 2006; 140:477-89. [PMID: 16580779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2005] [Revised: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 02/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In an earlier study, we reported that nitric oxide is involved in lipopolysaccharide plus 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced malignant transformation via increases in metalloproteinase 9 enzyme activity and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in rat glioma C6 cells, however the mechanism has remained undefined. Lipopolysaccharide plus 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, but not lipopolysaccharide or 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate alone, induced transformation in glioma C6 cells (but not in human glioblastoma cells GBM-8401 cells) without affecting their viability. An increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression, nitric oxide production, and metalloproteinase 9 enzyme activity is identified lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-treated C6 cells, however lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (but not lipopolysaccharide) addition shows the similar inductive pattern on metalloproteinase 9 enzyme activity without affecting inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression and nitric oxide production in GBM-8401 cells. Treatment of C6 cells with lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate increases the expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases and Jun N-terminal kinases, but not p38, proteins, and an addition of the extracellular regulated protein kinases inhibitor PD98059 or Jun N-terminal kinases inhibitors SP600125, but not the p38 inhibitor SB203580, significantly blocked lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression and metalloproteinase 9 enzyme activity accompanied by blocking morphological transformation in C6 cells. Among 19 structurally related flavonoids, kaempferol and wogonin exhibit significant inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced morphological transformation and colony formation, and attenuation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases protein expression, and metalloproteinase 9 enzyme activity was observed. 2'-OH flavone at a dose of 100 microM inhibition of lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced events via apoptosis induction is identified. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, but not lipopolysaccharide or 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, induces tumoral invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo, and those are blocked by kaempferol and wogonin addition. These data suggest that combination of lipopolysaccharide and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate promotes tumoral progression via activating metalloproteinase 9 enzyme activity and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression, which is located downstream of mitogen-activated protein kinases activation, in rat glioma cells C6. Kaempferol and wogonin exhibit effective inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide/12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced events, and thus possess the potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Shen
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, and Department of Dermatology, Taipei Municipal Wan-Fang Hospital-Affiliated to Taipei Medical University, 111 Xinglong Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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