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Xu Z, Miao R, Han T, Liu Y, Zhou J, Guo J, Xing Y, Bai Y, Wu J, Hu D. KIF2C as a potential therapeutic target: insights from lung adenocarcinoma subtype classification and functional experiments. Mol Omics 2024; 20:417-429. [PMID: 38940931 DOI: 10.1039/d4mo00044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: this study evaluates the prognostic relevance of gene subtypes and the role of kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) in lung cancer progression. Methods: high-expression genes linked to overall survival (OS) and progression-free interval (PFI) were selected from the TCGA-LUAD dataset. Consensus clustering analysis categorized lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients into two subtypes, C1 and C2, which were compared using clinical, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy analyses. A random forest algorithm pinpointed KIF2C as a prognostic hub gene, and its functional impact was assessed through various assays and in vivo experiments. Results: The study identified 163 key genes and distinguished two LUAD subtypes with differing OS, PFI, pathological stages, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy response. KIF2C, highly expressed in the C2 subtype, was associated with poor prognosis, promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), with knockdown reducing tumor growth in mice. Conclusion: The research delineates distinct LUAD subtypes with significant clinical implications and highlights KIF2C as a potential therapeutic target for personalized treatment in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Rui Miao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Tao Han
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Yingru Xing
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Zhongke Gengjiu Hospital, Hefei, 230041, P. R. China
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, P. R. China
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Zhao K, Li X, Feng Y, Wang J, Yao W. The role of kinesin family members in hepatobiliary carcinomas: from bench to bedside. Biomark Res 2024; 12:30. [PMID: 38433242 PMCID: PMC10910842 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As a major component of the digestive system malignancies, tumors originating from the hepatic and biliary ducts seriously endanger public health. The kinesins (KIFs) are molecular motors that enable the microtubule-dependent intracellular trafficking necessary for mitosis and meiosis. Normally, the stability of KIFs is essential to maintain cell proliferation and genetic homeostasis. However, aberrant KIFs activity may destroy this dynamic stability, leading to uncontrolled cell division and tumor initiation. In this work, we have made an integral summarization of the specific roles of KIFs in hepatocellular and biliary duct carcinogenesis, referring to aberrant signal transduction and the potential for prognostic evaluation. Additionally, current clinical applications of KIFs-targeted inhibitors have also been discussed, including their efficacy advantages, relationship with drug sensitivity or resistance, the feasibility of combination chemotherapy or other targeted agents, as well as the corresponding clinical trials. In conclusion, the abnormally activated KIFs participate in the regulation of tumor progression via a diverse range of mechanisms and are closely associated with tumor prognosis. Meanwhile, KIFs-aimed inhibitors also carry out a promising tumor-targeted therapeutic strategy that deserves to be further investigated in hepatobiliary carcinoma (HBC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunxiang Feng
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Affiliated Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, 430064, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Oncology Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Li RQ, Yang Y, Qiao L, Yang L, Shen DD, Zhao XJ. KIF2C: An important factor involved in signaling pathways, immune infiltration, and DNA damage repair in tumorigenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116173. [PMID: 38237349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Poorly regulated mitosis and chromosomal instability are common characteristics in malignant tumor cells. Kinesin family member 2 C (KIF2C), also known as mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK) is an essential component during mitotic regulation. In recent years, KIF2C was shown to be dysregulated in several tumors and was involved in many aspects of tumor self-regulation. Research on KIF2C may be a new direction and target for anti-tumor therapy. OBJECT The article aims at reviewing current literatures and summarizing the research status of KIF2C in malignant tumors as well as the oncogenic signaling pathways associated with KIF2C and its role in immune infiltration. RESULT In this review, we summarize the KIF2C mechanisms and signaling pathways in different malignant tumors, and briefly describe its involvement in pathways related to classical chemotherapeutic drug resistance, such as MEK/ERK, mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, P53 and TGF-β1/Smad pathways. KIF2C upregulation was shown to promote tumor cell migration, invasion, chemotherapy resistance and inhibit DNA damage repair. It was also highly correlated with microRNAs, and CD4 +T cell and CD8 +T cell tumor immune infiltration. CONCLUSION This review shows that KIF2C may function as a new anticancer drug target with great potential for malignant tumor treatment and the mitigation of chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lin Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Pu YS, Huang CY, Wu HL, Wu JH, Su YF, Yu CTR, Lu CY, Wu WJ, Huang SP, Huang YT, Hour TC. EGFR-mediated hyperacetylation of tubulin induced docetaxel resistance by downregulation of HDAC6 and upregulation of MCAK and PLK1 in prostate cancer cells. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:23-34. [PMID: 37916740 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel-based chemotherapy has generally been considered as one of the effective treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). However, clinical treatment with docetaxel often encounters a number of undesirable effects, including drug resistance. Tubulin isoforms have been previously examined for their resistance to docetaxel in many cancers, but their real mechanisms remained unclear. In this study, a series of docetaxel-resistant PC/DX cell sublines were established by chronically exposing PC3 to progressively increased concentrations of docetaxel. Western blotting results showed significantly higher expression of acetyl-tubulin, α-tubulin, β-tubulin, γ-tubulin, and βIII-tubulin in PC/DX25 than in parental PC3 cells. PC/DX25 with greater resistance to docetaxel had higher levels of acetyl-tubulin and mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK) than PC3 cells. This study found that docetaxel induced the expression of acetyl-tubulin and MCAK in PC3 cells at a dose- and time-dependent manner. Both mRNA and protein levels of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) were significantly decreased in PC/DX25 compared with PC3 cells. PC3 increased the resistance to docetaxel by HDAC6 knockdown and Tubastatin A (HDAC6 inhibitor). Conversely, PC/DX25 reversed the sensitivity to docetaxel by MCAK knockdown. Notably, flow cytometry analysis revealed that MCAK knockdown induced significantly sub G1 fraction in PC/DX cells. Overexpression of polo-like kinase-1 increased the cell survival rate and resistance to docetaxel in PC3 cells. Moreover, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation induced the upregulation of acetyl-tubulin in docetaxel-resistant PCa cells. These findings demonstrated that the EGFR-mediated upregulated expression of acetyl-tubulin played an important role in docetaxel-resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yuan Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Hong Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fang Su
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Tze Ricky Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pin Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Tang Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Cai L, Shi B, Zhu K, Zhong X, Lai D, Wang J, Tou J. Bioinformatical analysis of the key differentially expressed genes for screening potential biomarkers in Wilms tumor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15404. [PMID: 37717078 PMCID: PMC10505208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric renal malignant tumor in the world. Overall, the prognosis of Wilms tumor is very good. However, the prognosis of patients with anaplastic tumor histology or disease relapse is still poor, and their recurrence rate, metastasis rate and mortality are significantly increased compared with others. Currently, the combination of histopathological examination and molecular biology is essential to predict prognosis and guide the treatment. However, the molecular mechanism has not been well studied. Genetic profiling may be helpful in some way. Hence, we sought to identify novel promising biomarkers of WT by integrating bioinformatics analysis and to identify genes associated with the pathogenesis of WT. In the presented study, the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus was used to download two datasets of gene expression profiles related to WT patients for the purpose of detecting overlapped differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were then uploaded to DAVID database for enrichment analysis. In addition, the functional interactions between proteins were evaluated by simulating the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs. The impact of selected hub genes on survival in WT patients was analyzed by using the online tool R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. The correlation between gene expression and the degree of immune infiltration was assessed by the Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using the Expression (ESTIMATE) algorithm and the single sample GSEA. Top 12 genes were identified for further study after constructing a PPI network and screening hub gene modules. Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) was identified as the most significant gene predicting the overall survival of WT patients. The expression of KIF2C in WT was further verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we found that KIF2C was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration in WT. Our present study demonstrated that altered expression of KIF2C may be involved in WT and serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for WT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Cai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengming Lai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhu Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Nation Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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Smith JC, Husted S, Pilrose J, Ems-McClung SC, Stout JR, Carpenter RL, Walczak CE. MCAK Inhibitors Induce Aneuploidy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3309. [PMID: 37444419 PMCID: PMC10340532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard of care for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) involves the use of microtubule poisons such as paclitaxel, which are proposed to work by inducing lethal levels of aneuploidy in tumor cells. While these drugs are initially effective in treating cancer, dose-limiting peripheral neuropathies are common. Unfortunately, patients often relapse with drug-resistant tumors. Identifying agents against targets that limit aneuploidy may be a valuable approach for therapeutic development. One potential target is the microtubule depolymerizing kinesin, MCAK, which limits aneuploidy by regulating microtubule dynamics during mitosis. Using publicly available datasets, we found that MCAK is upregulated in triple-negative breast cancer and is associated with poorer prognoses. Knockdown of MCAK in tumor-derived cell lines caused a two- to five-fold reduction in the IC50 for paclitaxel, without affecting normal cells. Using FRET and image-based assays, we screened compounds from the ChemBridge 50 k library and discovered three putative MCAK inhibitors. These compounds reproduced the aneuploidy-inducing phenotype of MCAK loss, reduced clonogenic survival of TNBC cells regardless of taxane-resistance, and the most potent of the three, C4, sensitized TNBC cells to paclitaxel. Collectively, our work shows promise that MCAK may serve as both a biomarker of prognosis and as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Smith
- Medical Sciences, Indiana School of Medicine—Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.C.S.); (S.C.E.-M.); (J.R.S.); (R.L.C.)
| | - Stefan Husted
- LabCorp Drug Development Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46214, USA
| | - Jay Pilrose
- Catalent Pharma Solutions Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47403, USA
| | - Stephanie C. Ems-McClung
- Medical Sciences, Indiana School of Medicine—Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.C.S.); (S.C.E.-M.); (J.R.S.); (R.L.C.)
| | - Jane R. Stout
- Medical Sciences, Indiana School of Medicine—Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.C.S.); (S.C.E.-M.); (J.R.S.); (R.L.C.)
| | - Richard L. Carpenter
- Medical Sciences, Indiana School of Medicine—Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.C.S.); (S.C.E.-M.); (J.R.S.); (R.L.C.)
| | - Claire E. Walczak
- Medical Sciences, Indiana School of Medicine—Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.C.S.); (S.C.E.-M.); (J.R.S.); (R.L.C.)
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Smith JC, Husted S, Pilrose J, Ems-McClung SC, Stout JR, Carpenter RL, Walczak CE. MCAK Inhibitors Induce Aneuploidy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.31.543118. [PMID: 37397990 PMCID: PMC10312595 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.31.543118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Standard of care for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) involves the use of microtubule poisons like paclitaxel, which are proposed to work by inducing lethal levels of aneuploidy in tumor cells. While these drugs are initially effective in treating cancer, dose-limiting peripheral neuropathies are common. Unfortunately, patients often relapse with drug resistant tumors. Identifying agents against targets that limit aneuploidy may be a valuable approach for therapeutic development. One potential target is the microtubule depolymerizing kinesin, MCAK, which limits aneuploidy by regulating microtubule dynamics during mitosis. Using publicly available datasets, we found that MCAK is upregulated in triple negative breast cancer and is associated with poorer prognoses. Knockdown of MCAK in tumor-derived cell lines caused a two- to five-fold reduction in the IC 50 for paclitaxel, without affecting normal cells. Using FRET and image-based assays, we screened compounds from the ChemBridge 50k library and discovered three putative MCAK inhibitors. These compounds reproduced the aneuploidy-inducing phenotype of MCAK loss, reduced clonogenic survival of TNBC cells regardless of taxane-resistance, and the most potent of the three, C4, sensitized TNBC cells to paclitaxel. Collectively, our work shows promise that MCAK may serve as both a biomarker of prognosis and as a therapeutic target. Simple Summary Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal breast cancer subtype with few treatment options available. Standard of care for TNBC involves the use of taxanes, which are initially effective, but dose limiting toxicities are common, and patients often relapse with resistant tumors. Specific drugs that produce taxane-like effects may be able to improve patient quality of life and prognosis. In this study we identify three novel inhibitors of the Kinesin-13 MCAK. MCAK inhibition induces aneuploidy; similar to cells treated with taxanes. We demonstrate that MCAK is upregulated in TNBC and is associated with poorer prognoses. These MCAK inhibitors reduce the clonogenic survival of TNBC cells, and the most potent of the three inhibitors, C4, sensitizes TNBC cells to taxanes, similar to the effects of MCAK knockdown. This work will expand the field of precision medicine to include aneuploidy-inducing drugs that have the potential to improve patient outcomes.
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Lopes D, Seabra AL, Orr B, Maiato H. α-Tubulin detyrosination links the suppression of MCAK activity with taxol cytotoxicity. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213730. [PMID: 36459065 PMCID: PMC9723805 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202205092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
α/β-Tubulin posttranslational modifications (PTMs) generate microtubule diversity, but whether they account for cancer cell resistance to microtubule-targeting drugs remains unknown. Here, we performed a pilot dissection of the "cancer tubulin code" using the NCI-60 cancer cell panel. We found that acetylated, detyrosinated, and ∆2-α-tubulin that typically accumulate on stable microtubules were uncoupled in many cancer cells. Acetylated α-tubulin did not affect microtubule dynamics, whereas its levels correlated with, but were not required for, taxol-induced cytotoxicity. In contrast, experimental increase of α-tubulin detyrosination, and/or depletion of the detyrosination-sensitive microtubule-depolymerizing enzyme MCAK, enhanced taxol-induced cytotoxicity by promoting cell death in mitosis and the subsequent interphase, without causing a cumulative effect. Interestingly, only increased detyrosinated α-tubulin aggravated taxol-induced spindle multipolarity. Overall, we identified high α-tubulin acetylation as a potential biomarker for cancer cell response to taxol and uncovered a mechanistic link between α-tubulin detyrosination and the suppression of MCAK activity in taxol-induced cytotoxicity, likely by promoting chromosome missegregation, regardless of spindle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Lopes
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre L Seabra
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Orr
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder Maiato
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cell Division Group, Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Niu X, Wu T, Yin Q, Gu X, Li G, Zhou C, Ma M, Su L, Tang S, Tian Y, Yang M, Cui H. Combination of Paclitaxel and PXR Antagonist SPA70 Reverses Paclitaxel-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:3094. [PMID: 36231056 PMCID: PMC9563422 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most efficient drugs for late-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, most patients gradually develop resistance to PTX with long-term treatments. The identification of new strategies to reverse PTX resistance in NSCLC is crucially important for the treatment. PTX is an agonist for the pregnane X receptor (PXR) which regulates PTX metabolism. Antagonizing PXR, therefore, may render the NSCLC more sensitive to the PTX treatment. In this study, we investigated the PXR antagonist SPA70 and its role in PTX treatment of NSCLC. In vitro, SPA70 and PTX synergistically inhibited cell growth, migration and invasion in both paclitaxel-sensitive and paclitaxel-resistant A549 and H460 lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found PTX and SPA70 cotreatment disassociated PXR from ABCB1 (MDR1, P-gp) promoter, thus inhibiting P-gp expression. Furthermore, the combination regimen synergistically enhanced the interaction between PXR and Tip60, which abrogated Tip60-mediated α-tubulin acetylation, leading to mitosis defect, S-phase arrest and necroptosis/apoptosis. Combination of PXT and SPA70 dramatically inhibited tumor growth in a paclitaxel-resistant A549/TR xenograft tumor model. Taken together, we showed that SPA70 reduced the paclitaxel resistance of NSCLC. The combination regimen of PTX and SPA70 could be potential novel candidates for the treatment of taxane-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Niu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qishuang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinsheng Gu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Gege Li
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Changlong Zhou
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Su
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shu Tang
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongmei Cui
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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10
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Jiang W, Cai G, Hu P, Wang Y. Personalized medicine of non-gene-specific chemotherapies for non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3406-3416. [PMID: 34900526 PMCID: PMC8642451 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer is recognized as the deadliest cancer across the globe. In some areas, it is more common in women than even breast and cervical cancer. Its rise, vaulted by smoking habits and increasing air pollution, has garnered much attention and resource in the medical field. The first lung cancer treatments were developed more than half a century ago. Unfortunately, many of the earlier chemotherapies often did more harm than good, especially when they were used to treat genetically unsuitable patients. With the introduction of personalized medicine, physicians are increasingly aware of when, how, and in whom, to use certain anti-cancer agents. Drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies possess limited utility because they target specific oncogenic mutations, but other drugs that target mechanisms universal to all cancers do not. In this review, we discuss many of these non-oncogene-targeting anti-cancer agents including DNA replication inhibitors (i.e., alkylating agents and topoisomerase inhibitors) and cytoskeletal function inhibitors to highlight their application in the setting of personalized medicine as well as their limitations and resistance factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guiqing Cai
- Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675, USA
| | - Peter Hu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Jiang CF, Xie YX, Qian YC, Wang M, Liu LZ, Shu YQ, Bai XM, Jiang BH. TBX15/miR-152/KIF2C pathway regulates breast cancer doxorubicin resistance via promoting PKM2 ubiquitination. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:542. [PMID: 34663310 PMCID: PMC8522147 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance is a critical risk problem for breast cancer treatment. However, mechanisms by which chemoresistance arises remains to be elucidated. The expression of T-box transcription factor 15 (TBX-15) was found downregulated in some cancer tissues. However, role and mechanism of TBX15 in breast cancer chemoresistance is unknown. Here we aimed to identify the effects and mechanisms of TBX15 in doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer. Methods As measures of Drug sensitivity analysis, MTT and IC50 assays were used in DOX-resistant breast cancer cells. ECAR and OCR assays were used to analyze the glycolysis level, while Immunoblotting and Immunofluorescence assays were used to analyze the autophagy levels in vitro. By using online prediction software, luciferase reporter assays, co-Immunoprecipitation, Western blotting analysis and experimental animals models, we further elucidated the mechanisms. Results We found TBX15 expression levels were decreased in Doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant breast cancer cells. Overexpression of TBX15 reversed the DOX resistance by inducing microRNA-152 (miR-152) expression. We found that KIF2C levels were highly expressed in DOX-resistant breast cancer tissues and cells, and KIF2C was a potential target of miR-152. TBX15 and miR-152 overexpression suppressed autophagy and glycolysis in breast cancer cells, while KIF2C overexpression reversed the process. Overexpression of KIF2C increased DOX resistance in cancer cells. Furthermore, KIF2C directly binds with PKM2 for inducing the DOX resistance. KIF2C can prevent the ubiquitination of PKM2 and increase its protein stability. In addition, we further identified that Domain-2 of KIF2C played a major role in the binding with PKM2 and preventing PKM2 ubiquitination, which enhanced DOX resistance by promoting autophagy and glycolysis. Conclusions Our data identify a new mechanism by which TBX15 abolishes DOX chemoresistance in breast cancer, and suggest that TBX15/miR-152/KIF2C axis is a novel signaling pathway for mediating DOX resistance in breast cancer through regulating PKM2 ubiquitination and decreasing PKM2 stability. This finding suggests new therapeutic target and/or novel strategy development for cancer treatment to overcome drug resistance in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02235-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Fei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yun-Xia Xie
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Chen Qian
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Yong-Qian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Bai
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China. .,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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12
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Zuo X, Meng P, Bao Y, Tao C, Wang Y, Liu X, Bu Y, Zhu J. Cell cycle dysregulation with overexpression of KIF2C/MCAK is a critical event in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Genes Dis 2021; 10:212-227. [PMID: 37013060 PMCID: PMC10066047 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant carcinoma of the head and neck, and the biological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NPC remain not fully understood. In the present study, we systematically analyzed four independent NPC transcriptomic datasets and focused on identifying the critical molecular networks and novel key hub genes implicated in NPC. We found totally 170 common overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the four NPC datasets. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that cell cycle dysregulation is a critical event in NPC. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified a 15 hub-gene core network with overexpressed kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) as a central regulator. Loss-of-function study demonstrated that knockdown of KIF2C significantly inhibited cell growth and cell motility, and delayed cell cycle progression, accompanied with dramatic mitotic defects in spindle formation in NPC cells. RNA-seq analysis revealed that KIF2C knockdown led to deregulation of various downstream genes. KIF2C could also regulate the AKT/mTOR pathways, and enhance paclitaxel sensitivity in NPC cells. Taken together, our results suggest that cell cycle dysregulation is a critical event during NPC pathogenesis and KIF2C is a novel key mitotic hub gene with therapeutic potential in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peixin Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuxin Bao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chuntao Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Youquan Bu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, 1# Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, 1# Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
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13
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Zong H, Hazelbaker M, Moe C, Ems-McClung SC, Hu K, Walczak CE. Spatial regulation of MCAK promotes cell polarization and focal adhesion turnover to drive robust cell migration. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:590-604. [PMID: 33566676 PMCID: PMC8101467 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-05-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric distribution of microtubule (MT) dynamics in migrating cells is important for cell polarization, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain underexplored. Here, we addressed this question by studying the role of the MT depolymerase, MCAK (mitotic centromere-associated kinesin), in the highly persistent migration of RPE-1 cells. MCAK knockdown leads to slowed migration and poor directional movement. Fixed and live cell imaging revealed that MCAK knockdown results in excessive membrane ruffling as well as defects in cell polarization and the maintenance of a major protrusive front. Additionally, loss of MCAK increases the lifetime of focal adhesions by decreasing their disassembly rate. These functions correlate with a spatial distribution of MCAK activity, wherein activity is higher in the trailing edge of cells compared with the leading edge. Overexpression of Rac1 has a dominant effect over MCAK activity, placing it downstream of or in a parallel pathway to MCAK function in migration. Together, our data support a model in which the polarized distribution of MCAK activity and subsequent differential regulation of MT dynamics contribute to cell polarity, centrosome positioning, and focal adhesion dynamics, which all help facilitate robust directional migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Zong
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Mark Hazelbaker
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Christina Moe
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | | | - Ke Hu
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Claire E Walczak
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405
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14
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Mosca L, Ilari A, Fazi F, Assaraf YG, Colotti G. Taxanes in cancer treatment: Activity, chemoresistance and its overcoming. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 54:100742. [PMID: 33429249 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since 1984, when paclitaxel was approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma, taxanes have been widely used as microtubule-targeting antitumor agents. However, their historic classification as antimitotics does not describe all their functions. Indeed, taxanes act in a complex manner, altering multiple cellular oncogenic processes including mitosis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and ROS production. On the one hand, identification of the diverse effects of taxanes on oncogenic signaling pathways provides opportunities to apply these cytotoxic drugs in a more rational manner. On the other hand, this may facilitate the development of novel treatment modalities to surmount anticancer drug resistance. In the latter respect, chemoresistance remains a major impediment which limits the efficacy of antitumor chemotherapy. Taxanes have shown impact on key molecular mechanisms including disruption of mitotic spindle, mitosis slippage and inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, there is an emerging contribution of cellular processes including autophagy, oxidative stress, epigenetic alterations and microRNAs deregulation to the acquisition of taxane resistance. Hence, these two lines of findings are currently promoting a more rational and efficacious taxane application as well as development of novel molecular strategies to enhance the efficacy of taxane-based cancer treatment while overcoming drug resistance. This review provides a general and comprehensive picture on the use of taxanes in cancer treatment. In particular, we describe the history of application of taxanes in anticancer therapeutics, the synthesis of the different drugs belonging to this class of cytotoxic compounds, their features and the differences between them. We further dissect the molecular mechanisms of action of taxanes and the molecular basis underlying the onset of taxane resistance. We further delineate the possible modalities to overcome chemoresistance to taxanes, such as increasing drug solubility, delivery and pharmacokinetics, overcoming microtubule alterations or mitotic slippage, inhibiting drug efflux pumps or drug metabolism, targeting redox metabolism, immune response, and other cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Dept. Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Lab, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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15
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Ferreira LT, Orr B, Rajendraprasad G, Pereira AJ, Lemos C, Lima JT, Guasch Boldú C, Ferreira JG, Barisic M, Maiato H. α-Tubulin detyrosination impairs mitotic error correction by suppressing MCAK centromeric activity. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:133849. [PMID: 32328631 PMCID: PMC7147099 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201910064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorrect kinetochore–microtubule attachments during mitosis can lead to chromosomal instability, a hallmark of human cancers. Mitotic error correction relies on the kinesin-13 MCAK, a microtubule depolymerase whose activity in vitro is suppressed by α-tubulin detyrosination—a posttranslational modification enriched on long-lived microtubules. However, whether and how MCAK activity required for mitotic error correction is regulated by α-tubulin detyrosination remains unknown. Here we found that detyrosinated α-tubulin accumulates on correct, more stable, kinetochore–microtubule attachments. Experimental manipulation of tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL) or carboxypeptidase (Vasohibins-SVBP) activities to constitutively increase α-tubulin detyrosination near kinetochores compromised efficient error correction, without affecting overall kinetochore microtubule stability. Rescue experiments indicate that MCAK centromeric activity was required and sufficient to correct the mitotic errors caused by excessive α-tubulin detyrosination independently of its global impact on microtubule dynamics. Thus, microtubules are not just passive elements during mitotic error correction, and the extent of α-tubulin detyrosination allows centromeric MCAK to discriminate correct vs. incorrect kinetochore–microtubule attachments, thereby promoting mitotic fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa T Ferreira
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Orr
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Girish Rajendraprasad
- Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - António J Pereira
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Lemos
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UnIGENe, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana T Lima
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clàudia Guasch Boldú
- Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorge G Ferreira
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cell Division Group, Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marin Barisic
- Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helder Maiato
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Cell Division Group, Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Rodrigues-Ferreira S, Moindjie H, Haykal MM, Nahmias C. Predicting and Overcoming Taxane Chemoresistance. Trends Mol Med 2020; 27:138-151. [PMID: 33046406 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Taxanes are microtubule-targeting drugs used as cytotoxic chemotherapy to treat most solid tumors. The development of resistance to taxanes is a major cause of therapeutic failure and overcoming chemoresistance remains an important challenge to improve patient's outcome. Extensive efforts have been made recently to identify predictive biomarkers to select populations of patients who will benefit from taxane-based chemotherapy and avoid inefficient treatment of patients with innate resistance. This, together with the discovery of new mechanisms of resistance that include metabolic reprogramming and dialogue between tumor and its microenvironment, pave the way to a new era of personalized medicine. In this review, we recapitulate recent insights into taxane resistance and present promising emerging strategies to overcome chemoresistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Rodrigues-Ferreira
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques en oncologie, 94800, Villejuif, France; LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; Inovarion, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Hadia Moindjie
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques en oncologie, 94800, Villejuif, France; LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Maria M Haykal
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques en oncologie, 94800, Villejuif, France; LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Clara Nahmias
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm U981, Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques en oncologie, 94800, Villejuif, France; LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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17
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Li TF, Zeng HJ, Shan Z, Ye RY, Cheang TY, Zhang YJ, Lu SH, Zhang Q, Shao N, Lin Y. Overexpression of kinesin superfamily members as prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:123. [PMID: 32322170 PMCID: PMC7161125 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinesin superfamily (KIFs) has a long-reported significant influence on the initiation, development, and progress of breast cancer. However, the prognostic value of whole family members was poorly done. Our study intends to demonstrate the value of kinesin superfamily members as prognostic biomarkers as well as a therapeutic target of breast cancer. METHODS Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses were done using data from TCGA, GEO, METABRIC, and GTEx. LASSO regression was done to select tumor-related members. Nomogram was constructed to predict the overall survival (OS) of breast cancer patients. Expression profiles were testified by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Transcription factor, GO and KEGG enrichments were done to explore regulatory mechanism and functions. RESULTS A total of 20 differentially expressed KIFs were identified between breast cancer and normal tissue with 4 (KIF17, KIF26A, KIF7, KIFC3) downregulated and 16 (KIF10, KIF11, KIF14, KIF15, KIF18A, KIF18B, KIF20A, KIF20B, KIF22, KIF23, KIF24, KIF26B, KIF2C, KIF3B, KIF4A, KIFC1) overexpressed. Among which, 11 overexpressed KIFs (KIF10, KIF11, KIF14, KIF15, KIF18A, KIF18B, KIF20A, KIF23, KIF2C, KIF4A, KIFC1) significantly correlated with worse OS, relapse-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of breast cancer. A 6-KIFs-based risk score (KIF10, KIF15, KIF18A, KIF18B, KIF20A, KIF4A) was generated by LASSO regression with a nomogram validated an accurate predictive efficacy. Both mRNA and protein expression of KIFs are experimentally demonstrated upregulated in breast cancer patients. Msh Homeobox 1 (MSX1) was identified as transcription factors of KIFs in breast cancer. GO and KEGG enrichments revealed functions and pathways affected in breast cancer. CONCLUSION Overexpression of tumor-related KIFs correlate with worse outcomes of breast cancer patients and can work as potential prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Fu Li
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Hui-Juan Zeng
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Zhen Shan
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Run-Yi Ye
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Tuck-Yun Cheang
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yun-Jian Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Si-Hong Lu
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
- Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
- Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Nan Shao
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Ying Lin
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
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18
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Zhang G, Shen S, Yu Y, Yue X, Hu W, Li S. Kinesin family member 2C aggravates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and interacts with competing endogenous RNA. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4419-4430. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo‐Pei Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shun‐Li Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiao Yue
- Department of Liver Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Wen‐Jie Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shao‐Qiang Li
- Department of Liver Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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19
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Gan H, Lin L, Hu N, Yang Y, Gao Y, Pei Y, Chen K, Sun B. KIF2C exerts an oncogenic role in nonsmall cell lung cancer and is negatively regulated by miR‐325‐3p. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:424-431. [PMID: 31328811 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huizhu Gan
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Lin
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nanjun Hu
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Pei
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Butong Sun
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yang J, Zhang J, Liu Y, Shi Z, Han H, Li Q. Phenylboronic acid-modified polyamidoamine-mediated delivery of short GC rich DNA for hepatocarcinoma gene therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3348-3358. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00394k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenylboronic acid was introduced on the surface of polyamidoamine to construct a derivative PP, which was further used as a tumor-targeting carrier for realizing the delivery of short GC rich DNA (GCD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Zhiyuan Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Haobo Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Quanshun Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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21
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Liu X, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu XY, Peng A, Chen Y, Meng L, Chen H, Zhang Y, Miao X, Zheng L, Huang K. Inhibition of kinesin family member 20B sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cell to microtubule-targeting agents by blocking cytokinesis. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3450-3460. [PMID: 30191636 PMCID: PMC6215872 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 20B (KIF20B, also known as MPHOSPH1) is a kinesin protein that plays a critical role in cytokinesis. Previously, we and others have demonstrated the oncogenic role of KIF20B in several cancers; however, the exact mechanisms underlying its tumorigenic effects remain unclear. Herein, we showed overexpression of KIF20B in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and reported a negative correlation between KIF20B level and prognosis of patients. Mechanistically, reducing KIF20B blockades mitotic exit of HCC cells at telophase in a spindle assembly checkpoint independent way. Importantly, reducing KIF20B acts synergistically with three microtubule-associated agents (MTA) to p53- or p14ARF-dependently suppress p53-wt or p53-null HCC cells. In addition to taxol, reducing KIF20B also enhanced the toxicity of two chemotherapeutic drugs, hydroxycamptothecin and mitomycin C. In conclusion, we found a novel mechanism in that blocking cytokinesis by KIF20B inhibition increases the efficacy of MTA; our results thus suggested a dual-mitotic suppression approach against HCC by combining MTA with KIF20B inhibition, which simultaneously blocks mitosis at both metaphase and telophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Anlin Peng
- The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijing Meng
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Tongji School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Kinesin superfamily: roles in breast cancer, patient prognosis and therapeutics. Oncogene 2017; 37:833-838. [PMID: 29059174 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer pathobiology is known to be influenced by the differential expression of a group of proteins called the kinesin superfamily (KIFs), which is instrumental in the intracellular transport of chromosomes along microtubules during mitosis. During cellular division, kinesins are strictly regulated through temporal synthesis so that they are present only when needed. However, their misregulation may contribute to uncontrolled cell growth owing to premature sister chromatid separation, highlighting their importance in cancer. This review covers the functions of kinesins in normal and breast cancer cells, the use of kinesins for breast cancer patient prognosis, and the targeting of these molecules for therapeutics. A better understanding of KIF proteins may be pivotal to improved disease outcomes for breast cancer patients.
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23
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Agarwal S, Varma D. Targeting mitotic pathways for endocrine-related cancer therapeutics. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:T65-T82. [PMID: 28615236 PMCID: PMC5557717 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A colossal amount of basic research over the past few decades has provided unprecedented insights into the highly complex process of cell division. There is an ever-expanding catalog of proteins that orchestrate, participate and coordinate in the exquisite processes of spindle formation, chromosome dynamics and the formation and regulation of kinetochore microtubule attachments. Use of classical microtubule poisons has still been widely and often successfully used to combat a variety of cancers, but their non-selective interference in other crucial physiologic processes necessitate the identification of novel druggable components specific to the cell cycle/division pathway. Considering cell cycle deregulation, unscheduled proliferation, genomic instability and chromosomal instability as a hallmark of tumor cells, there lies an enormous untapped terrain that needs to be unearthed before a drug can pave its way from bench to bedside. This review attempts to systematically summarize the advances made in this context so far with an emphasis on endocrine-related cancers and the avenues for future progress to target mitotic mechanisms in an effort to combat these dreadful cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Agarwal
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dileep Varma
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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24
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Cirillo L, Gotta M, Meraldi P. The Elephant in the Room: The Role of Microtubules in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1002:93-124. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57127-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Mechanisms of resistance to systemic therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 57:16-27. [PMID: 28527407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCPRC) now have an unprecedented number of approved treatment options, including chemotherapies (docetaxel, cabazitaxel), androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies (enzalutamide, abiraterone), a radioisotope (radium-223) and a cancer vaccine (sipuleucel-T). However, the optimal treatment sequencing pathway is unknown, and this problem is exacerbated by the issues of primary and acquired resistance. This review focuses on mechanisms of resistance to AR-targeted therapies and taxane-based chemotherapy. Patients treated with abiraterone, enzalutamide, docetaxel or cabazitaxel may present with primary resistance, or eventually acquire resistance when on treatment. Multiple resistance mechanisms to AR-targeted agents have been proposed, including: intratumoral androgen production, amplification, mutation, or expression of AR splice variants, increased steroidogenesis, upregulation of signals downstream of the AR, and development of androgen-independent tumor cells. Known mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy are distinct, and include: tubulin alterations, increased expression of multidrug resistance genes, TMPRSS2-ERG fusion genes, kinesins, cytokines, and components of other signaling pathways, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Utilizing this information, biomarkers of resistance/response have the potential to direct treatment decisions. Expression of the AR splice variant AR-V7 may predict resistance to AR-targeted agents, but available biomarker assays are yet to be prospectively validated in the clinic. Ongoing prospective trials are evaluating the sequential use of different drugs, or combination regimens, and the results of these studies, combined with a deeper understanding of mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to treatment, have the potential to drive future treatment decisions in mCRPC.
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Septin cooperation with tubulin polyglutamylation contributes to cancer cell adaptation to taxanes. Oncotarget 2016; 6:36063-80. [PMID: 26460824 PMCID: PMC4742162 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of cancer cell adaptation to the anti-microtubule agents of the taxane family are multifaceted and still poorly understood. Here, in a model of breast cancer cells which display amplified microtubule dynamics to resist Taxol®, we provide evidence that septin filaments containing high levels of SEPT9_i1 bind to microtubules in a way that requires tubulin long chain polyglutamylation. Reciprocally, septin filaments provide a scaffold for elongating and trimming polyglutamylation enzymes to finely tune the glutamate side-chain length on microtubules to an optimal level. We also demonstrate that tubulin retyrosination and/or a high level of tyrosinated tubulin is crucial to allow the interplay between septins and polyglutamylation on microtubules and that together, these modifications result in an enhanced CLIP-170 and MCAK recruitment to microtubules. Finally, the inhibition of tubulin retyrosination, septins, tubulin long chain polyglutamylation or of both CLIP-170 and MCAK allows the restoration of cell sensitivity to taxanes, providing evidence for a new integrated mechanism of resistance.
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27
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28
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Kent IA, Lele TP. Microtubule-based force generation. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 9. [PMID: 27562344 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules are vital to many important cell processes, such as cell division, transport of cellular cargo, organelle positioning, and cell migration. Owing to their diverse functions, understanding microtubule function is an important part of cell biological research that can help in combating various diseases. For example, microtubules are an important target of chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel because of their pivotal role in cell division. Many functions of microtubules relate to the generation of mechanical forces. These forces are generally either a direct result of microtubule polymerization/depolymerization or generated by motor proteins that move processively along microtubules. In this review, we summarize recent efforts to quantify and model force generation by microtubules in the context of microtubule function. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1428. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1428 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Kent
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tanmay P Lele
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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29
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Pu Y, Yi Q, Zhao F, Wang H, Cai W, Cai S. MiR-20a-5p represses multi-drug resistance in osteosarcoma by targeting the KIF26B gene. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:64. [PMID: 27499703 PMCID: PMC4974744 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0340-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoresistance hinders curative cancer chemotherapy in osteosarcoma (OS), resulting in only an approximately 20 % survival rate in patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Identifying the mechanisms responsible for regulating chemotherapy resistance is crucial for improving OS treatment. METHODS This study was performed in two human OS cell lines (the multi-chemosensitive OS cell line G-292 and the multi-chemoresistant OS cell line SJSA-1). The levels of miR-20a-5p and KIF26B mRNA expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. KIF26B protein levels were determined by western blot analysis. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that miR-20a-5p was more highly expressed in G-292 cells than in SJSA-1 cells. Forced expression of miR-20a-5p counteracted OS cell chemoresistance in both cell culture and tumor xenografts in nude mice. One of miR-20a-5p's targets, kinesin family member 26B (KIF26B), was found to mediate the miR-20a-5p-induced reduction in OS chemoresistance by modulating the activities of the MAPK/ERK and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS In addition to providing mechanistic insights, our study revealed that miR-20a-5p and KIF26B contribute to OS chemoresistance and determined the roles of these genes in this process, which may be critical for characterizing drug responsiveness and overcoming chemoresistance in OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youguang Pu
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, West District of Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Qiyi Yi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, West District of Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Wenjing Cai
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Shanbao Cai
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, West District of Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anhui Cancer Hospital, West District of Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
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30
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Ritter A, Kreis NN, Louwen F, Wordeman L, Yuan J. Molecular insight into the regulation and function of MCAK. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 51:228-45. [DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2016.1178705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Paclitaxel Through the Ages of Anticancer Therapy: Exploring Its Role in Chemoresistance and Radiation Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2360-71. [PMID: 26633515 PMCID: PMC4695897 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Taxol®) is a member of the taxane class of anticancer drugs and one of the most common chemotherapeutic agents used against many forms of cancer. Paclitaxel is a microtubule-stabilizer that selectively arrests cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and found to induce cytotoxicity in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Paclitaxel has been embedded in novel drug formulations, including albumin and polymeric micelle nanoparticles, and applied to many anticancer treatment regimens due to its mechanism of action and radiation sensitizing effects. Though paclitaxel is a major anticancer drug which has been used for many years in clinical treatments, its therapeutic efficacy can be limited by common encumbrances faced by anticancer drugs. These encumbrances include toxicities, de novo refraction, and acquired multidrug resistance (MDR). This article will give a current and comprehensive review of paclitaxel, beginning with its unique history and pharmacology, explore its mechanisms of drug resistance and influence in combination with radiation therapy, while highlighting current treatment regimens, formulations, and new discoveries.
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32
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Bertalan Z, Budrikis Z, La Porta CAM, Zapperi S. Role of the Number of Microtubules in Chromosome Segregation during Cell Division. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141305. [PMID: 26506005 PMCID: PMC4624697 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Faithful segregation of genetic material during cell division requires alignment of chromosomes between two spindle poles and attachment of their kinetochores to each of the poles. Failure of these complex dynamical processes leads to chromosomal instability (CIN), a characteristic feature of several diseases including cancer. While a multitude of biological factors regulating chromosome congression and bi-orientation have been identified, it is still unclear how they are integrated so that coherent chromosome motion emerges from a large collection of random and deterministic processes. Here we address this issue by a three dimensional computational model of motor-driven chromosome congression and bi-orientation during mitosis. Our model reveals that successful cell division requires control of the total number of microtubules: if this number is too small bi-orientation fails, while if it is too large not all the chromosomes are able to congress. The optimal number of microtubules predicted by our model compares well with early observations in mammalian cell spindles. Our results shed new light on the origin of several pathological conditions related to chromosomal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Bertalan
- Institute for Scientific Interchange Foundation, Via Alassio 11/C, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Zoe Budrikis
- Institute for Scientific Interchange Foundation, Via Alassio 11/C, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Caterina A. M. La Porta
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
- * E-mail: (CAMLP); (SZ)
| | - Stefano Zapperi
- Institute for Scientific Interchange Foundation, Via Alassio 11/C, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l’Energetica e le Interfasi, Via R. Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 14100, FIN-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
- * E-mail: (CAMLP); (SZ)
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Xie S, Ogden A, Aneja R, Zhou J. Microtubule-Binding Proteins as Promising Biomarkers of Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Cancer Chemotherapy. Med Res Rev 2015; 36:300-12. [PMID: 26332739 DOI: 10.1002/med.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules, tirelessly animated and highly dynamic structures, are vital for most cellular processes and their intricacies are still being revealed even after a century since their discovery. The importance of microtubules as chemotherapeutic targets cannot be overstated, and their clinical role is unlikely to abate in the near future. Indeed, improved understanding of microtubule biology could herald a new epoch of anticancer drug design by permitting fine-tuning of microtubule-targeting agents, the clinical utility of which is presently often limited by primary or acquired resistance. Paclitaxel, one such agent belonging to the taxane family, has proven a resoundingly successful treatment for many cancer patients; however, for too many others with paclitaxel-refractory tumors, the drug has offered nothing but side effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that microtubule-binding proteins (MBPs) can regulate paclitaxel sensitivity in a wide range of cancer types. Improved understanding of how these proteins can be assayed to predict treatment responses or manipulated pharmacologically to improve clinical outcomes could transform modern chemotherapy and is urgently awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Angela Ogden
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Talapatra SK, Harker B, Welburn JPI. The C-terminal region of the motor protein MCAK controls its structure and activity through a conformational switch. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 25915621 PMCID: PMC4443670 DOI: 10.7554/elife.06421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise regulation of microtubule dynamics is essential during cell division. The
kinesin-13 motor protein MCAK is a potent microtubule depolymerase. The divergent
non-motor regions flanking the ATPase domain are critical in regulating its targeting
and activity. However, the molecular basis for the function of the non-motor regions
within the context of full-length MCAK is unknown. Here, we determine the structure
of MCAK motor domain bound to its regulatory C-terminus. Our analysis reveals that
the MCAK C-terminus binds to two motor domains in solution and is displaced
allosterically upon microtubule binding, which allows its robust accumulation at
microtubule ends. These results demonstrate that MCAK undergoes long-range
conformational changes involving its C-terminus during the soluble to
microtubule-bound transition and that the C-terminus-motor interaction represents a
structural intermediate in the MCAK catalytic cycle. Together, our work reveals
intrinsic molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of kinesin-13 activity. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06421.001 Within a cell, there is a scaffold-like structure called the cytoskeleton that
provides shape and structural support, and acts as a transport network for the
movement of molecules around the cell. This scaffold contains highly dynamic polymers
called microtubules that are made from a protein called tubulin. The constant growth
and shrinking of the ends of the microtubules is essential to rebuild and adapt the
cytoskeleton according to the needs of the cell. A protein called MCAK belongs to a family of motor proteins that can move along
microtubules. It generally binds to the ends of the microtubules to shorten them.
Previous studies have found that a single MCAK protein binds to another MCAK protein
to form a larger molecule known as a dimer. Part of the MCAK protein forms a
so-called motor domain, which enables this protein to bind to the microtubules. One
end of the protein, known as the C-terminus, controls the activity of this motor
domain. However, it is not clear how this works. Talapatra et al. have now revealed the three-dimensional structure of MCAK's
motor domain with the C-terminus using a technique called X-ray crystallography. The
experiments show that the C-terminus binds to the motor domain, which promotes the
formation of the dimers. A short stretch of amino acids—the building blocks of
proteins—in the C-terminus interacts with two motor molecules. This
‘motif’ is also found in other similar proteins from a variety of
animals. However, once MCAK binds to a microtubule, the microtubule triggers the
release of the C-terminus from the motor domain. This allows MCAK to bind more
strongly to the microtubule. The experiments also show that the binding of the C-terminus to the motor domain
alters the ability of MCAK to associate with microtubules, which encourages the
protein to reach the ends of the polymers. Future work is required to see whether
other motor proteins work in a similar way. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06421.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Talapatra
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany Harker
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Julie P I Welburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Martin SK, Kyprianou N. Exploitation of the Androgen Receptor to Overcome Taxane Resistance in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 127:123-58. [PMID: 26093899 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a tumor addicted to androgen receptor (AR) signaling, even in its castration resistant state, and recently developed antiandrogen therapies including Abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide effectively target the androgen signaling axis, but there is ultimately recurrence to lethal disease. Development of advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a biological consequence of lack of an apoptotic response of prostate tumor cells to androgen ablation. Taxanes represent the major clinically relevant chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with metastatic CRPC; unfortunately, they do not deliver a cure but an extension of overall survival. First-generation taxane chemotherapies, Docetaxel (Taxotere), effectively target the cytoskeleton by stabilizing the interaction of β-tubulin subunits of microtubules preventing depolymerization, inducing G2M arrest and apoptosis. Shifting the current paradigm is a growing evidence to indicate that Docetaxel can effectively target the AR signaling axis by blocking its nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity in androgen-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer cells, implicating a new mechanism of cross-resistance between microtubule-targeting chemotherapy and antiandrogen therapies. More recently, Cabazitaxel has emerged as a second-line taxane chemotherapy capable of conferring additional survival benefit to patients with CRPC previously treated with Docetaxel or in combination with antiandrogens. Similar to Docetaxel, Cabazitaxel induces apoptosis and G2M arrest; in contrast to Docetaxel, it sustains AR nuclear accumulation although it reduces the overall AR levels and FOXO1 expression. Cabazitaxel treatment also leads to downregulation of the microtubule-depolymerizing mitotic kinesins, MCAK, and HSET, preventing their ability to depolymerize microtubules and thus enhancing sensitivity to taxane treatment. The molecular mechanisms underlying taxane resistance involve mutational alterations in the tubulin subunits, microtubule dynamics, phenotyping programming of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition landscape, and the status of AR activity. This chapter discusses the mechanisms driving the therapeutic resistance of taxanes and antiandrogen therapies in CRPC, and the role of AR in potential interventions toward overcoming such resistance in patients with advanced metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Martin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Urology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Pathology and Toxicology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
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Zhao F, Siu MKY, Jiang L, Tam KF, Ngan HYS, Le XF, Wong OGW, Wong ESY, Gomes AR, Bella L, Khongkow P, Lam EWF, Cheung ANY. Overexpression of forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) in ovarian cancer correlates with poor patient survival and contributes to paclitaxel resistance. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113478. [PMID: 25411964 PMCID: PMC4239070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Deregulation of FOXM1 has been documented in various cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of FOXM1 in ovarian cancer tumorigenesis and paclitaxel resistance. Experimental Design Expression of FOXM1 was examined in 119 clinical samples by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Effects of FOXM1 knockdown on ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion and mitotic catastrophe were also studied. qPCR and ChIP-qPCR were used to establish KIF2C as a novel FOXM1 target gene implicated in chemoresistance. Results High nuclear FOXM1 expression in ovarian cancer patient samples was significantly associated with advanced stages (P = 0.035), shorter overall (P = 0.019) and disease-free (P = 0.014) survival. Multivariate analysis confirmed FOXM1 expression as an independent prognostic factor for ovarian cancer. FOXM1 knockdown significantly inhibited migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells and enhanced paclitaxel-mediated cell death and mitotic catastrophe in a p53-independent manner. Bioinformatics analysis suggested a number of potential transcription targets of FOXM1. One of the potential targets, KIF2C, exhibited similar expression pattern to FOXM1 in chemosensitive and chemoresistant cells in response to paclitaxel treatment. FOXM1 could be detected at the promoter of KIF2C and FOXM1 silencing significantly down-regulated KIF2C. Conclusion Our findings suggest that FOXM1 is associated with poor patient outcome and contributes to paclitaxel resistance by blocking mitotic catastrophe. KIF2C is identified as a novel FOXM1 transcriptional target that may be implicated in the acquisition of chemoresistance. FOXM1 should be further investigated as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fung Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China; Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle K Y Siu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - LiLi Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuang University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kar Fai Tam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Hextan Y S Ngan
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Xiao Feng Le
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, United States of America
| | - Oscar G W Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Esther S Y Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Ana R Gomes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Bella
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pasarat Khongkow
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annie N Y Cheung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China; Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong -Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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37
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Liu X, Peng A, Gong H, Huang L, Ji K, Petersen RB, Zheng L, Huang K. MPHOSPH1: a potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6623-34. [PMID: 25269478 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MPHOSPH1 is a critical kinesin protein that functions in cytokinesis. Here, we show that MPHOSPH1 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, where it is essential for proliferation. Attenuating MPHOSPH1 expression with a tumor-selective shRNA-expressing adenovirus (Ad-shMPP1) was sufficient to arrest HCC cell proliferation in a manner associated with an accumulation of multinucleated polyploid cells, induction of postmitotic apoptosis, and increased sensitivity to taxol cytotoxicity. Mechanistic investigations showed that attenuation of MPHOSPH1 stabilized p53, blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, and prolonged mitotic arrest. In a mouse subcutaneous xenograft model of HCC, tumoral injection of Ad-shMPP1 inhibited MPHOSPH1 expression and tumor growth in a manner correlated with induction of apoptosis. Combining Ad-shMPP1 injection with taxol administration enhanced antitumor efficacy relative to taxol alone. Furthermore, Ad-shMPP1 tail vein injection suppressed formation of orthotopic liver nodules and prevented hepatic dysfunction. Taken together, our results identify MPHOSPH1 as an oncogenic driver and candidate therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yafan Zhou
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Hao Gong
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lizi Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaige Ji
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Departments of Pathology, Neuroscience and Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ling Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, China.
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38
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Talje L, Ben El Kadhi K, Atchia K, Tremblay-Boudreault T, Carreno S, Kwok BH. DHTP is an allosteric inhibitor of the kinesin-13 family of microtubule depolymerases. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2315-20. [PMID: 24859087 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The kinesin-13 family of microtubule depolymerases is a major regulator of microtubule dynamics. RNA interference-induced knockdown studies have highlighted their importance in many cell division processes including spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. Since microtubule turnovers and most mitotic events are relatively rapid (in minutes or seconds), developing tools that offer faster control over protein functions is therefore essential to more effectively interrogate kinesin-13 activities in living cells. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a selective allosteric kinesin-13 inhibitor, DHTP. Using high resolution microscopy, we show that DHTP is cell permeable and can modulate microtubule dynamics in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Talje
- Chemical Biology of Cell Division Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Khaled Ben El Kadhi
- Cellular Mechanisms of Morphogenesis during Mitosis and Cell Motility Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Kaleem Atchia
- Chemical Biology of Cell Division Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Thierry Tremblay-Boudreault
- Chemical Biology of Cell Division Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sébastien Carreno
- Cellular Mechanisms of Morphogenesis during Mitosis and Cell Motility Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de Pathologie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Kwok
- Chemical Biology of Cell Division Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Nyamaa B, Kim HK, Jeong YJ, Song IS, Han J. Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibition in Translational Research. J Lipid Atheroscler 2014. [DOI: 10.12997/jla.2014.3.2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bayalagmaa Nyamaa
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Jeong
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - In-Sung Song
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
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40
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Yin S, Zeng C, Hari M, Cabral F. Paclitaxel resistance by random mutagenesis of α-tubulin. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2013; 70:849-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanghua Yin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology; University of Texas Medical School; Houston Texas
| | - Changqing Zeng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology; University of Texas Medical School; Houston Texas
| | - Malathi Hari
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology; University of Texas Medical School; Houston Texas
| | - Fernando Cabral
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology; University of Texas Medical School; Houston Texas
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41
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Liu X, Gong H, Huang K. Oncogenic role of kinesin proteins and targeting kinesin therapy. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:651-6. [PMID: 23438337 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinesin superfamily (KIF) is a group of proteins that share a highly conserved motor domain. Except for some members, many KIF proteins have adenosine triphosphatase activity and microtubule-dependent plus-end motion ability. Kinesins participate in several essential cellular functions, including mitosis, meiosis and the transport of macromolecules. Increasing evidence indicates kinesin proteins play critical roles in the genesis and development of human cancers. Some kinesin proteins are associated with maligancy as well as drug resistance of solid tumor. Thus, targeting KIF therapy seems to be a promising anticancer strategy. Inhibitors of KIF such as kinesin spindle protein (KSP/Eg5) have entered clinical trials for monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, and kinesins other than Eg5 with various potential anticancer target characteristics are also constantly being discovered and studied. Here, we summarize the oncogenic roles of kinesin proteins and potential cancer therapy strategies that target KIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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42
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Ganguly A, Yang H, Cabral F. Detection and Quantification of Microtubule Detachment from Centrosomes and Spindle Poles. Methods Cell Biol 2013; 115:49-62. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407757-7.00004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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43
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Gwon MR, Cho JH, Kim JR. Mitotic centromere-associated kinase (MCAK/Kif2C) regulates cellular senescence in human primary cells through a p53-dependent pathway. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:4148-56. [PMID: 23098759 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitotic centromere-associated kinase (MCAK/Kif2C) plays a critical role in chromosome movement and segregation with ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerase activity. However, its role in cellular senescence remains unclear. MCAK/Kif2C expression decreased in human primary cells under replicative and premature senescence. MCAK/Kif2C down-regulation in young cells induced premature senescence. MCAK/Kif2C overexpression in old cells partially reversed cell senescence. Senescence phenotypes by MCAK/Kif2C knockdown were observed in p16-knockdown cells, but not in p53-knockdown cells. These results suggest that MCAK/Kif2C plays an important role in the regulation of cellular senescence through a p53-dependent pathway and might contribute to tissue/organism aging and protection of cellular transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ri Gwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 705-717, Republic of Korea
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44
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Abstract
Kinesins are a family of molecular motors that travel unidirectionally along microtubule tracks to fulfil their many roles in intracellular transport or cell division. Over the past few years kinesins that are involved in mitosis have emerged as potential targets for cancer drug development. Several compounds that inhibit two mitotic kinesins (EG5 (also known as KIF11) and centromere-associated protein E (CENPE)) have entered Phase I and II clinical trials either as monotherapies or in combination with other drugs. Additional mitotic kinesins are currently being validated as drug targets, raising the possibility that the range of kinesin-based drug targets may expand in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Rath
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
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45
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Bie L, Zhao G, Wang YP, Zhang B. Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C/MCAK) is a novel marker for prognosis in human gliomas. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2012; 114:356-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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46
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Ganguly A, Bhattacharya R, Cabral F. Control of MCAK degradation and removal from centromeres. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2012; 69:303-11. [PMID: 22422706 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mitotic centromere associated kinesin (MCAK) is a kinesin related protein with the ability to stimulate microtubule depolymerization. It is found at spindle poles, where it may be involved in poleward microtubule flux, and at kinetochores and centromeres where it plays a role in correcting chromosome alignment errors. Its microtubule depolymerase activity and recruitment to centromeres is regulated by phosphorylation, but little is known about how MCAK is maintained at appropriate levels. We previously reported that MCAK accumulates during the cell cycle and is then degraded during mitosis. Using proteomic analysis, we have now identified a new phosphorylation site on MCAK that is responsible for its degradation. Mutation of the site to prevent phosphorylation prolonged the stability of the protein beyond the metaphase to anaphase transition and into the subsequent cell cycle whereas a phosphomimetic mutation accelerated degradation. Unexpectedly, the mutation that prevented phosphorylation also inhibited the removal of MCAK from centromeres causing it to remain attached throughout the cell cycle. Even low expression of phosphorylation-resistant MCAK delayed mitosis and interfered with cell division. Mitotic defects were also observed by overexpressing a green fluorescent protein-tagged version of wild-type MCAK that similarly escaped degradation and accumulated to toxic levels, but did not remain associated with kinetochores during interphase. The results demonstrate that degradation is an important mechanism for controlling the activity of MCAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anutosh Ganguly
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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47
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Mitosis phase enrichment with identification of mitotic centromere-associated kinesin as a therapeutic target in castration-resistant prostate cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31259. [PMID: 22363599 PMCID: PMC3281954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently described transcriptomic switch to a mitosis program in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) suggests that mitotic proteins may be rationally targeted at this lethal stage of the disease. In this study, we showed upregulation of the mitosis-phase at the protein level in our cohort of 51 clinical CRPC cases and found centrosomal aberrations to also occur preferentially in CRPC compared with untreated, high Gleason–grade hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (P<0.0001). Expression profiling of chemotherapy-resistant CRPC samples (n = 25) was performed, and the results were compared with data from primary chemotherapy-naïve CRPC (n = 10) and hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cases (n = 108). Our results showed enrichment of mitosis-phase genes and pathways, with progression to both castration-resistant and chemotherapy-resistant disease. The mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK) was identified as a novel mitosis-phase target in prostate cancer that was overexpressed in multiple CRPC gene-expression datasets. We found concordant gene expression of MCAK between our parent and murine CRPC xenograft pairs and increased MCAK protein expression with clinical progression of prostate cancer to a castration-resistant disease stage. Knockdown of MCAK arrested the growth of prostate cancer cells suggesting its utility as a potential therapeutic target.
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48
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Sanhaji M, Friel CT, Wordeman L, Louwen F, Yuan J. Mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK): a potential cancer drug target. Oncotarget 2011; 2:935-47. [PMID: 22249213 PMCID: PMC3282097 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to faithfully segregate chromosomes in mitosis results in chromosome instability, a hallmark of solid tumors. Disruption of microtubule dynamics contributes highly to mitotic chromosome instability. The kinesin-13 family is critical in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and the best characterized member of the family, the mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK), has recently been attracting enormous attention. MCAK regulates microtubule dynamics as a potent depolymerizer of microtubules by removing tubulin subunits from the polymer end. This depolymerizing activity plays pivotal roles in spindle formation, in correcting erroneous attachments of microtubule-kinetochore and in chromosome movement. Thus, the accurate regulation of MCAK is important for ensuring the faithful segregation of chromosomes in mitosis and for safeguarding chromosome stability. In this review we summarize recent data concerning the regulation of MCAK by mitotic kinases, Aurora A/B, Polo-like kinase 1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1. We propose a molecular model of the regulation of MCAK by these mitotic kinases and relevant phosphatases throughout mitosis. An ever-increasing quantity of data indicates that MCAK is aberrantly regulated in cancer cells. This deregulation is linked to increased malignance, invasiveness, metastasis and drug resistance, most probably due to increased chromosomal instability and remodeling of the microtubule cytoskeleton in cancer cells. Most interestingly, recent observations suggest that MCAK could be a novel molecular target for cancer therapy, as a new cancer antigen or as a mitotic regulator. This collection of new data indicates that MCAK could be a new star in the cancer research sky due to its critical roles in the control of genome stability and the cytoskeleton. Further investigations are required to dissect the fine details of the regulation of MCAK throughout mitosis and its involvements in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Sanhaji
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claire T. Friel
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Linda Wordeman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Friday Harbor, Laboratories, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Ganguly A, Yang H, Pedroza M, Bhattacharya R, Cabral F. Mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK) mediates paclitaxel resistance. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:36378-84. [PMID: 21903575 PMCID: PMC3196137 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.296483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel has powerful anticancer activity, but some tumors are inherently resistant to the drug, whereas others are initially sensitive but acquire resistance during treatment. To deal with this problem, it will be necessary to understand the mechanisms of drug action and resistance. Recent studies indicate that paclitaxel blocks cell division by inhibiting the detachment of microtubules from centrosomes. Here, we demonstrate that mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK), a kinesin-related protein that destabilizes microtubules, plays an important role in microtubule detachment. Depletion of MCAK altered mitotic spindle morphology, increased the frequency of lagging chromosomes, and inhibited the proliferation of WT CHO cells, confirming that it is an essential protein for cell division. In contrast, MCAK depletion rescued the proliferation of mutant paclitaxel-dependent cell lines that are unable to divide because of defective spindle function resulting from altered α-tubulin or class III β-tubulin overexpression. In concert with the correction of mitotic defects, loss of MCAK reversed an aberrantly high frequency of microtubule detachment in the mutant cells and increased their sensitivity to paclitaxel. The results indicate that MCAK affects cell sensitivity to mitotic inhibitors by modulating the frequency of microtubule detachment, and they demonstrate that changes in a microtubule-interacting protein can reverse the effects of mutant tubulin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anutosh Ganguly
- From the Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hailing Yang
- From the Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mesias Pedroza
- From the Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Rajat Bhattacharya
- From the Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Fernando Cabral
- From the Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
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50
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Ganguly A, Cabral F. New insights into mechanisms of resistance to microtubule inhibitors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1816:164-71. [PMID: 21741453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms to explain tumor cell resistance to drugs that target the microtubule cytoskeleton have relied on the assumption that the drugs act either to suppress microtubule dynamics or to perturb the balance between assembled and nonassembled tubulin. Recently, however, it was found that these drugs also alter the stability of microtubule attachment to centrosomes, and do so at the same concentrations that are needed to inhibit cell division. Based on this new information, a new model is presented that explains resistance resulting from a variety of molecular changes that have been reported in the literature. The improved understanding of drug action and resistance has important implications for chemotherapy with these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anutosh Ganguly
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, houston, TX 77030, USA
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