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Liu N, Li Y, Luo G, Jiang M, Liu C, Zhang Y, Zhang L. SIRT6 suppresses colon cancer growth by inducing apoptosis and autophagy through transcriptionally down-regulating Survivin. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101932. [PMID: 38986922 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
SIRT6, an evolutionarily conserved histone deacetylase, has been identified as a novel direct downstream target of Akt/FoxO3a and a tumor suppressor in colon cancer in our previous research. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms through which SIRT6 hinders tumor development remain unclear. To ascertain whether SIRT6 directly impacts Survivin transcription, a ChIP assay was conducted using an anti-SIRT6 antibody to isolate DNA. YM155 was synthesized to explore Survivin's role in mitochondrial apoptosis, autophagy and tumor progression. Our investigation into the regulation of Survivin involved real-time fluorescence imaging in living cells, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and xenograft mouse assays. In this current study, we delved into the role of SIRT6 in colon cancer and established that activated SIRT6 triggers mitochondrial apoptosis by reducing Survivin expression. Subsequent examinations revealed that SIRT6 directly binds to the Survivin promoter, impeding its transcription. Notably, direct inhibition of Survivin significantly impeded colon cancer proliferation by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. More interestingly, Survivin inhibition reactivated the Akt/FoxO3a pathway and elevated SIRT6 levels, establishing a positive feedback loop. Our results identify Survivin as a novel downstream transcriptional target of SIRT6 that fosters tumor growth and holds promise as a prospective target for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Luo
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meimei Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Respirology & Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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2
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Natural and synthetic compounds for glioma treatment based on ROS-mediated strategy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175537. [PMID: 36871663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most frequent and most malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS),accounting for about 50% of all CNS tumor and approximately 80% of the malignant primary tumors in the CNS. Patients with glioma benefit from surgical resection, chemo- and radio-therapy. However these therapeutical strategies do not significantly improve the prognosis, nor increase survival rates owing to restricted drug contribution in the CNS and to the malignant characteristics of glioma. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important oxygen-containing molecules that regulate tumorigenesis and tumor progression. When ROS accumulates to cytotoxic levels, this can lead to anti-tumor effects. Multiple chemicals used as therapeutic strategies are based on this mechanism. They regulate intracellular ROS levels directly or indirectly, resulting in the inability of glioma cells to adapt to the damage induced by these substances. In the current review, we summarize the natural products, synthetic compounds and interdisciplinary techniques used for the treatment of glioma. Their possible molecular mechanisms are also presented. Some of them are also used as sensitizers: they modulate ROS levels to improve the outcomes of chemo- and radio-therapy. In addition, we summarize some new targets upstream or downstream of ROS to provide ideas for developing new anti-glioma therapies.
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Clinicopathological and Prognostic Value of Survivin Expression in Surgically Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143494. [PMID: 35884555 PMCID: PMC9322386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Survival after surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poor. Thus, novel therapeutic concepts focus on the development of targeted therapies. In this context, inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) survivin is regarded as a promising oncotherapeutic target. However, its expression and prognostic value in different tumour compartments of PDAC have not been studied. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis of survivin in different PDAC tumour compartments from 236 consecutive patients was correlated with clinicopathological variables and survival. Results: In comparison to healthy pancreatic tissue high nuclear (p < 0.001) and high cytoplasmic (p < 0.01) survivin expression became evident in the tumour centre, along the invasion front and in lymph node metastases. Cytoplasmic overexpression of survivin in tumour centres was related to the presence of distant metastasis (p = 0.016) and UICC III/IV stages (p = 0.009), while high cytoplasmic expression at the invasion front grouped with venous infiltration (p = 0.022). Increased nuclear survivin along the invasion front correlated with perineural invasion (p = 0.035). High nuclear survivin in tumour centres represented an independent prognostic factor for overall survival of pancreatic tail carcinomas (HR 13.5 95%CI (1.4−129.7)) and correlated with a limited disease-free survival in PDAC (HR 1.80 95%CI (1.04−3.12)). Conclusion: Survivin is associated with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis. Therefore, survivin will help to identify patients with aggressive tumour phenotypes that could benefit from the inclusion in clinical trials incorporating survivin inhibitors in PDAC.
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Chandrasekaran AP, Kaushal K, Park CH, Kim KS, Ramakrishna S. USP32 confers cancer cell resistance to YM155 via promoting ER-associated degradation of solute carrier protein SLC35F2. Theranostics 2021; 11:9752-9771. [PMID: 34815782 PMCID: PMC8581437 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The most commonly preferred chemotherapeutic agents to treat cancers are small-molecule drugs. However, the differential sensitivity of various cancer cells to small molecules and untargeted delivery narrow the range of potential therapeutic applications. The mechanisms responsible for drug resistance in a variety of cancer cells are also largely unknown. Several deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are the main determinants of drug resistance in cancer cells. Methods: We used CRISPR-Cas9 to perform genome-scale knockout of the entire set of genes encoding ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) and systematically screened for DUBs resistant to the clinically evaluated anticancer compound YM155. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to reveal the relationship between USP32 and SLC35F2 on YM155-mediated DNA damage in cancer cells. Results: CRISPR-based dual-screening method identified USP32 as a novel DUB that governs resistance for uptake of YM155 by destabilizing protein levels of SLC35F2, a solute-carrier protein essential for the uptake of YM155. The expression of USP32 and SLC35F2 was negatively correlated across a panel of tested cancer cell lines. YM155-resistant cancer cells in particular exhibited elevated expression of USP32 and low expression of SLC35F2. Conclusion: Collectively, our DUB-screening strategy revealed a resistance mechanism governed by USP32 associated with YM155 resistance in breast cancers, one that presents an attractive molecular target for anti-cancer therapies. Targeted genome knockout verified that USP32 is the main determinant of SLC35F2 protein stability in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a novel way to treat tumors resistant to small-molecule drugs.
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5
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Chandrasekaran AP, Poondla N, Ko NR, Oh SJ, Ramakrishna S. YM155 sensitizes HeLa cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via cFLIP and survivin downregulation. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:72. [PMID: 32863905 PMCID: PMC7436932 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis is a safe method for the treatment of various types of cancer. However, TRAIL therapy is less effective in certain types of cancer, including cervical cancer. To address this problem, a combinatorial approach was employed to sensitize cervical cancer at low dosages. YM155, a survivin inhibitor, was used at low dosages along with TRAIL to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells. The effects of the individual treatment with TRAIL and YM155 on apoptosis were assessed by propidium iodide assay. In addition, to validate the DNA damage exhibited by the combination treatment, the phosphorylation status of γH2A histone family member X was investigated by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. TRAIL or YM155 alone had no significant effect on DNA damage and apoptosis. However, the TRAIL/YM155 combination triggered a synergistic pro-apoptotic stimulus in HeLa cells. The mRNA and protein levels of CASP8- and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (cFLIP), death receptor 5 (DR5) and survivin were monitored using RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. This combinatorial approach downregulated both mRNA and protein expression levels of cFLIP and survivin. Further experimental results suggested that the combination treatment significantly reduced cell viability, invasion and migration of HeLa cells. Overall, the present findings indicated that the low dosage of YM155 sensitized HeLa cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via a mechanism involving downregulation of cFLIP and survivin. The results indicated the importance of combination drug treatment and reveal an effective therapeutic alternative for TRAIL therapy in human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Pandian Chandrasekaran
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Naresh Poondla
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Re Ko
- Biomedical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.,College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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YM155-Adapted Cancer Cell Lines Reveal Drug-Induced Heterogeneity and Enable the Identification of Biomarker Candidates for the Acquired Resistance Setting. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051080. [PMID: 32357518 PMCID: PMC7281096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is a drug target and its suppressant YM155 a drug candidate mainly investigated for high-risk neuroblastoma. Findings from one YM155-adapted subline of the neuroblastoma cell line UKF-NB-3 had suggested that increased ABCB1 (mediates YM155 efflux) levels, decreased SLC35F2 (mediates YM155 uptake) levels, decreased survivin levels, and TP53 mutations indicate YM155 resistance. Here, the investigation of 10 additional YM155-adapted UKF-NB-3 sublines only confirmed the roles of ABCB1 and SLC35F2. However, cellular ABCB1 and SLC35F2 levels did not indicate YM155 sensitivity in YM155-naïve cells, as indicated by drug response data derived from the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) databases. Moreover, the resistant sublines were characterized by a remarkable heterogeneity. Only seven sublines developed on-target resistance as indicated by resistance to RNAi-mediated survivin depletion. The sublines also varied in their response to other anti-cancer drugs. In conclusion, cancer cell populations of limited intrinsic heterogeneity can develop various resistance phenotypes in response to treatment. Therefore, individualized therapies will require monitoring of cancer cell evolution in response to treatment. Moreover, biomarkers can indicate resistance formation in the acquired resistance setting, even when they are not predictive in the intrinsic resistance setting.
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7
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Turner TH, Alzubi MA, Harrell JC. Identification of synergistic drug combinations using breast cancer patient-derived xenografts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1493. [PMID: 32001757 PMCID: PMC6992640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with other breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with relatively poor outcomes due to its metastatic propensity, frequent failure to respond to chemotherapy, and lack of alternative, targeted treatment options, despite decades of major research efforts. Our studies sought to identify promising targeted therapeutic candidates for TNBC through in vitro screening of 1,363 drugs in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Using this approach, we generated a dataset that can be used to assess and compare responses of various breast cancer PDXs to many different drugs. Through a series of further drug screening assays and two-drug combination testing, we identified that the combination of afatinib (epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor) and YM155 (inhibitor of baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5; survivin) expression) is synergistically cytotoxic across multiple models of basal-like TNBC and reduces PDX mammary tumor growth in vivo. We found that YM155 reduces EGFR expression in TNBC cells, shedding light on its potential mechanism of synergism with afatinib. Both EGFR and BIRC5 are highly expressed in basal-like PDXs, cell lines, and patients, and high expression of both genes reduces metastasis-free survival, suggesting that co-targeting of these proteins holds promise for potential clinical success in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia H Turner
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Mohammad A Alzubi
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - J Chuck Harrell
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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8
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Hennig R, Albawardi A, Almarzooqi S, Haneefa S, Imbaraj E, Zaaba NE, Nemmar A, Subramanya S, Maruta H, Adrian TE. 1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of ketorolac (15K), a potent PAK1 blocker, inhibits both growth and metastasis of orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice. Drug Discov Ther 2019; 13:248-255. [PMID: 31656252 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2019.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
More than 90% of human pancreatic cancers carry the oncogenic mutant of Ki-RAS and their growth depends on its downstream kinase PAK1, mainly because PAK1 blocks the apoptosis of cancer cells selectively. We developed a highly cell-permeable PAK1-blocker called 15K from an old pain-killer (ketorolac), that is shown here to inhibit the growth of three pancreatic cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging 41-88 nM in vitro. The anti-cancer effect of 15K was further investigated in an orthotopic xenograft model with gemcitabine (GEM)-resistant human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1 and BxPC-3) expressing luciferase in athymic mice. During 4 weeks, 15K blocks total burden (growth) of both AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 tumors (measured as radians/sec) with the IC50 below daily dose of 0.1 mg/kg, i.p. In a similar manner 15K reduced both their invasion and metastases as well, while it had no effect on either body weight or hematological parameters even at 5 mg/kg/day. To the best of our knowledge, 15K is so far the most potent among synthetic PAK1-blockers in vivo, and could be potentially useful for therapy of GEM-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Hennig
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Freudenstadt University Hospital, Freudenstadt, Germany
| | - Alia Albawardi
- Department of Pathology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Saeeda Almarzooqi
- Department of Pathology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Shoja Haneefa
- Department of Physiology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Edward Imbaraj
- Department of Physiology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | | | | | - Thomas E Adrian
- Department of Physiology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.,Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
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9
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Zhao X, Wen F, Wang W, Lu Z, Guo Q. Actinidia arguta (Hardy Kiwi) Root Extract Exerts Anti-cancer Effects via Mcl-1-Mediated Apoptosis in Cholangiocarcinoma. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:246-256. [PMID: 30633583 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1557218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive and chemoresistant liver malignancy. Thus, identification of strategies to overcome insensitivity to apoptosis and growth inhibition is a growing focus of research in this malignancy. This study evaluated the potential anti-cancer effects of an ethanol extract from the Actinidia arguta (Hardy Kiwi) root (RAE) on CCA. Our data demonstrated that RAE decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis by activation of Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in two CCA cell lines. RAE induced a decrease in Mcl-1 in cultured CCA cells and in xenograft CCA tumors. Administration of RAE every other day led to significant growth inhibition in tumor burden xenograft CCA mice. Western blotting analysis of paired human CCA and normal adjacent tissues from the same patient revealed that CCA tissues exhibited significantly higher Mcl-1 expression than normal tissues. Taken together, our findings demonstrated the anti-cancer effects of RAE on CCA both in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that RAE may be a promising anti-CCA agent and could be beneficial in the treatment of CCA through the targeting of Mcl-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxuan Zhao
- a Department of Radiology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Feng Wen
- a Department of Radiology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Wei Wang
- a Department of Radiology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- a Department of Radiology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Qiyong Guo
- a Department of Radiology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
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10
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Mazzio EA, Lewis CA, Elhag R, Soliman KF. Effects of Sepantronium Bromide (YM-155) on the Whole Transcriptome of MDA-MB-231 Cells: Highlight on Impaired ATR/ATM Fanconi Anemia DNA Damage Response. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:249-264. [PMID: 29976630 PMCID: PMC6070710 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepantronium bromide (YM-155) is believed to elicit apoptosis and mitotic arrest in tumor cells by reducing (BIRC5, survivin) mRNA. In this study, we monitored changes in survivin mRNA and protein after treating MDA-MB-231 cells with YM-155 concurrent with evaluation of whole transcriptomic (WT) mRNA and long intergenic non-coding RNA at 2 time points: 8 h sub-lethal (83 ng/mL) and 20 h at the LC50 (14.6 ng/mL). The data show a tight association between cell death and the precipitating loss of survivin protein and mRNA (-2.67 fold-change (FC), p<0.001) at 20 h, questioning if the decline in survivin is attributed to cell death or drug impact. The meager loss of survivin mRNA was overshadowed by enormous differential change to the WT in both magnitude and significance for over 2000 differentially up/down-regulated transcripts: (+22 FC to -12 FC, p<0.001). The data show YM-155 to up-regulate transcripts in control of circadian rhythm (NOCT, PER, BHLHe40, NFIL3), tumor suppression (SIK1, FOSB), histone methylation (KDM6B) and negative feedback of NF-kappa B signaling (TNFAIP3). Down-regulated transcripts by YM-155 include glucuronidase (GUSBP3), numerous micro-RNAs, DNA damage repair elements (CENPI, POLQ, RAD54B) and the most affected system was the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/Fanconi anemia E3 monoubiquitin ligase core complexes (FANC transcripts - A/B/E/F/G/M), FANC2, FANCI, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, PALB2 gene and ATR (ATM- and Rad3-Related) pathway. In conclusion, these findings suggest that a primary target of YM-155 is the loss of replicative DNA repair systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Charles A Lewis
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Rashid Elhag
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F Soliman
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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11
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Gholizadeh S, Dolman EM, Wieriks R, Sparidans RW, Hennink WE, Kok RJ. Anti-GD2 Immunoliposomes for Targeted Delivery of the Survivin Inhibitor Sepantronium Bromide (YM155) to Neuroblastoma Tumor Cells. Pharm Res 2018. [PMID: 29516187 PMCID: PMC5842274 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Sepantronium bromide (YM155) is a hydrophilic quaternary compound that cannot be administered orally due to its low oral bioavailability; it is furthermore rapidly eliminated via the kidneys. The current study aims at improving the pharmacokinetic profile of YM155 by its formulation in immunoliposomes that can achieve its enhanced delivery into tumor tissue and facilitate uptake in neuroblastoma cancer cells. Methods PEGylated YM155 loaded liposomes composed of DPPC, cholesterol and DSPE-PEG2000 were prepared via passive film-hydration and extrusion method. Targeted (i.e. immuno-)liposomes were prepared by surface functionalization with SATA modified monoclonal anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) antibodies. Liposomes were characterized based on their size, charge, antibody coupling and YM155 encapsulation efficiency, and stability. Flow cytometry analysis and confocal microscopy were performed on IMR32 and KCNR neuroblastoma cell lines. The efficacy of developed formulations were assessed by in-vitro toxicity assays. A pilot pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to assess plasma circulation and tumor accumulation profiles of the developed liposomal formulations. Results YM155 loaded immunoliposomes had a size of 170 nm and zeta potential of −10 mV, with an antibody coupling efficiency of 60% andYM155 encapsulation efficiency of14%. Targeted and control liposomal formulations were found to have similar YM155 release rates in a release medium containing 50% serum. An in-vitro toxicity study on KCNR cells showed less toxicity for immunoliposomes as compared to free YM155. In-vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation of YM155 liposomes showed prolonged blood circulation and significantly increased half-lives of liposomal YM155 in tumor tissue, as compared to a bolus injection of free YM155. Conclusions YM155 loaded immunoliposomes were successfully formulated and characterized, and initial in-vivo results show their potential for improving the circulation time and tumor accumulation of YM155. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11095-018-2373-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Gholizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Emmy M Dolman
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Wieriks
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert J Kok
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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12
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Dioxonaphthoimidazoliums AB1 and YM155 disrupt phosphorylation of p50 in the NF-κB pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11625-36. [PMID: 26872379 PMCID: PMC4905498 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and contributes to the poor prognosis and high mortality characterizing this malignancy. Silencing the p50 and p65 NF-κB subunits in the NSCLC H1299 cell line led to profound loss in cell viability and downregulated anti-apoptotic proteins survivin and Mcl1. We also showed that a survivin suppressant, the dioxonaphthoimidazolium YM155, and its structural analog AB1 arrested the growth of H1299 cells at nanomolar concentrations. Both compounds were apoptogenic and suppressed survivin and other anti-apoptotic proteins (Mcl1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl) in a dose- and/or time-dependent manner. YM155 and AB1 did not affect the expression of key proteins (IκBα, p65, p50) involved in NF-κB signaling. Stable IκBα levels suggest that the NF-κB/IκB complex and proteins upstream of IκBα, were not targeted. Neither did the compounds intercept the nuclear translocation of the p50 and p65 subunits. On the other hand, YM155 and AB1 suppressed the phosphorylation of the p50 subunit at Ser337 which is critical in promoting the binding of NF-κB dimers to DNA. Both compounds duly impeded the binding of NF-κB dimers to DNA and attenuated transcriptional activity of luciferase-transfected HEK293 cells controlled by NF-κB response elements. We propose that the “silencing” the NF-κB pathway effected by these compounds contributed to their potent apoptogenic effects on H1299. Notwithstanding, the mechanism(s) involved in their ability to abolish phosphorylation of p50 remains to be elucidated. Taken together, these results disclose a novel facet of functionalized dioxonaphthoimidazoliums that could account for their potent cell killing property.
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Cho SY, Han JY, Na D, Kang W, Lee A, Kim J, Lee J, Min S, Kang J, Chae J, Kim JI, Park H, Lee WS, Lee C. A Novel Combination Treatment Targeting BCL-X L and MCL1 for KRAS/BRAF-mutated and BCL2L1-amplified Colorectal Cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2178-2190. [PMID: 28611106 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, and exhibits heterogeneous characteristics in terms of genomic alterations, expression signature, and drug responsiveness. Although there have been considerable efforts to classify this disease based on high-throughput sequencing techniques, targeted treatments for specific subgroups have been limited. KRAS and BRAF mutations are prevalent genetic alterations in colorectal cancers, and patients with mutations in either of these genes have a worse prognosis and are resistant to anti-EGFR treatments. In this study, we have found that a subgroup of colorectal cancers, defined by having either KRAS or BRAF (KRAS/BRAF) mutations and BCL2L1 (encoding BCL-XL) amplification, can be effectively targeted by simultaneous inhibition of BCL-XL (with ABT-263) and MCL1 (with YM-155). This combination treatment of ABT-263 and YM-155 was shown to have a synergistic effect in vitro as well as in in vivo patient-derived xenograft models. Our data suggest that combined inhibition of BCL-XL and MCL1 provides a promising treatment strategy for this genomically defined colorectal cancer subgroup. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(10); 2178-90. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yup Cho
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Yun Han
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deukchae Na
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonyoung Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahra Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jooyoung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoyeon Min
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeesoo Chae
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea.
| | - Won-Suk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Charles Lee
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.,The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
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14
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Zhao X, Sun W, Puszyk WM, Wallet S, Hochwald S, Robertson K, Liu C. Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor PF573228 and death receptor 5 agonist lexatumumab synergistically induce apoptosis in pancreatic carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317699120. [PMID: 28459212 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317699120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has one of the lowest survival rates of all cancers. The mechanism underlying chemo-resistance of pancreatic cancer is not well understood. Our previous article reported that small molecule YM155 induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells via activation of death receptor 5. In this study, we aim to continuously address death receptor 5-mediated apoptosis in chemo-resistant pancreatic carcinoma. We found that in comparison to paired pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues, five of the six cancer tissues had downregulated death receptor 5 and upregulated Bcl-xL. Mono treatment with lexatumumab was not sufficient to induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells, whereas focal adhesion kinase inhibitor PF573228 significantly sensitized lexatumumab-induced apoptosis. Western blotting analysis revealed that lexatumumab and PF573228 combination treatment increased death receptor 5 but decreased Bcl-xL expression. Interestingly, pre-treatment with Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT263 reversed the insensitivity of panc-1 cells to lexatumumab or PF573228-induced apoptosis. Specific small interfering RNA-mediated gene silencing of Bcl-xL effectively sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to lexatumumab or PF573228-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, lexatumumab and PF573228 combination was shown to exhibit significant xenograft pancreatic tumor growth inhibition in SCID mice. Our data provide fundamental evidence to support the notion that lexatumumab and PF573228 co-treatment could be a potentially effective regime for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxuan Zhao
- 1 Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- 2 Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- 1 Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - William M Puszyk
- 2 Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon Wallet
- 3 Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Steve Hochwald
- 4 Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Keith Robertson
- 5 Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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15
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Dihydromyricetin Induces Apoptosis and Reverses Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cells by p53-mediated Downregulation of Survivin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46060. [PMID: 28436480 PMCID: PMC5402300 DOI: 10.1038/srep46060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in gynecological malignancies, and the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents remains a major challenge to successful ovarian cancer chemotherapy. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a natural flavonoid derived from Ampeopsis Grossdentata, has been widely applied in food industry and medicine for a long time. However, little is known about the effects of DHM on ovarian cancer and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrated that DHM could effectively inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and induce cell apoptosis. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis (IAPs) family member, exhibited a decreased expression level after DHM treatment, which may be attributed to the activation of p53. Moreover, DHM markedly sensitized paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) resistant ovarian cancer cells to PTX and DOX by inhibiting survivin expression. Collectively, our findings highlight a previously undiscovered effect of DHM, which induces apoptosis and reverses multi-drug resistance against ovarian cancer cells through downregulation of survivin.
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16
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Nyquist MD, Prasad B, Mostaghel EA. Harnessing Solute Carrier Transporters for Precision Oncology. Molecules 2017; 22:E539. [PMID: 28350329 PMCID: PMC5570559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters are a large superfamily of transmembrane carriers involved in the regulated transport of metabolites, nutrients, ions and drugs across cellular membranes. A subset of these solute carriers play a significant role in the cellular uptake of many cancer therapeutics, ranging from chemotherapeutics such as antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, platinum-based drugs and taxanes to targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. SLC transporters are co-expressed in groups and patterns across normal tissues, suggesting they may comprise a coordinated regulatory circuit serving to mediate normal tissue functions. In cancer however, there are dramatic changes in expression patterns of SLC transporters. This frequently serves to feed the increased metabolic demands of the tumor cell for amino acids, nucleotides and other metabolites, but also presents a therapeutic opportunity, as increased transporter expression may serve to increase intracellular concentrations of substrate drugs. In this review, we examine the regulation of drug transporters in cancer and how this impacts therapy response, and discuss novel approaches to targeting therapies to specific cancers via tumor-specific aberrations in transporter expression. We propose that among the oncogenic changes in SLC transporter expression there exist emergent vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically, extending the application of precision medicine from tumor-specific drug targets to tumor-specific determinants of drug uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Nyquist
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Elahe A Mostaghel
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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17
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Gnanamony M, Gondi CS. Chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer: Emerging concepts. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2507-2513. [PMID: 28454427 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer in the world. The incidence of pancreatic cancer increases each year with no significant decrease in mortality. Pancreatic cancer is a complex disease, and this complexity is partly attributed to late diagnosis, an aggressive phenotype, environmental factors and lack of effective treatment options. Surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for early stage cancer, whereas gemcitabine is the standard first line therapy for patients with advanced stage disease. Treatment regimens comprising folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin and nab-paclitaxel have demonstrated modest effects in improving median survival rates. A number of other chemotherapeutics are currently undergoing clinical trials as components of combination therapies with gemcitabine. An increasing number of novel molecular targets and cellular pathways are being identified, which highlights the complexity of this disease. The development of chemoresistance to gemcitabine is multifactorial and there exists an interplay between pancreatic cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells. These components appear to be governed by a complex network of non-coding RNAs such as micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs. In the present study, studies describing previous research on the understanding of the factors associated with the development of chemoresistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer are reviewed. A comprehensive understanding of the multiple pathways of chemoresistance is key to develop next generation therapeutics to pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Gnanamony
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | - Christopher S Gondi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
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