1
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Logan A, Howard CB, Huda P, Kimpton K, Ma Z, Thurecht KJ, McCarroll JA, Moles E, Kavallaris M. Targeted delivery of polo-like kinase 1 siRNA nanoparticles using an EGFR-PEG bispecific antibody inhibits proliferation of high-risk neuroblastoma. J Control Release 2024; 367:806-820. [PMID: 38341177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma has poor survival due to treatment failure and off-target side effects of therapy. Small molecule inhibitors have shown therapeutic efficacy at targeting oncogenic cell cycle dysregulators, such as polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). However, their clinical success is limited by a lack of efficacy and specificity, causing off-target toxicity. Herein, we investigate a new treatment strategy whereby a bispecific antibody (BsAb) with dual recognition of methoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a neuroblastoma cell-surface receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is combined with a PEGylated small interfering RNA (siRNA) lipid nanoparticle, forming BsAb-nanoparticle RNA-interference complexes for targeted PLK1 inhibition against high-risk neuroblastoma. Therapeutic efficacy of this strategy was explored in neuroblastoma cell lines and a tumor xenograft model. Using ionizable lipid-based nanoparticles as a low-toxicity and clinically safe approach for siRNA delivery, we identified that their complexing with EGFR-PEG BsAb resulted in increases in cell targeting (1.2 to >4.5-fold) and PLK1 gene silencing (>2-fold) against EGFR+ high-risk neuroblastoma cells, and enhancements correlated with EGFR expression on the cells (r > 0.94). Through formulating nanoparticles with PEG-lipids ranging in diffusivity, we further identified a highly diffusible PEG-lipid which provided the most pronounced neuroblastoma cell binding, PLK1 silencing, and significantly reduced cancer growth in vitro in high-risk neuroblastoma cell cultures and in vivo in a tumor-xenograft mouse model of the disease. Together, this work provides an insight on the role of PEG-lipid diffusivity and EGFR targeting as potentially relevant variables influencing the therapeutic efficacy of siRNA nanoparticles in high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Logan
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLsD, 4072, Australia
| | - Pie Huda
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLsD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kathleen Kimpton
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zerong Ma
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLsD, 4072, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Joshua A McCarroll
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ernest Moles
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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2
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Lin YC, Chen BM, Tran TTM, Chang TC, Al-Qaisi TS, Roffler SR. Accelerated clearance by antibodies against methoxy PEG depends on pegylation architecture. J Control Release 2023; 354:354-367. [PMID: 36641121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) is attached to many proteins, peptides, nucleic acids and nanomedicines to improve their biocompatibility. Antibodies that bind PEG are present in many individuals and can be generated upon administration of pegylated therapeutics. Anti-PEG antibodies that bind to the PEG "backbone" can accelerate drug clearance and detrimentally affect drug activity and safety, but no studies have examined how anti-methoxy PEG (mPEG) antibodies, which selectively bind the terminus of mPEG, affect pegylated drugs. Here, we investigated how defined IgG and IgM monoclonal antibodies specific to the PEG backbone (anti-PEG) or terminal methoxy group (anti-mPEG) affect pegylated liposomes or proteins with a single PEG chain, a single branched PEG chain, or multiple PEG chains. Large immune complexes can be formed between all pegylated compounds and anti-PEG antibodies but only pegylated liposomes formed large immune complexes with anti-mPEG antibodies. Both anti-PEG IgG and IgM antibodies accelerated the clearance of all pegylated compounds but anti-mPEG antibodies did not accelerate clearance of proteins with a single or branched PEG molecule. Pegylated liposomes were primarily taken up by Kupffer cells in the liver, but both anti-PEG and anti-mPEG antibodies directed uptake of a heavily pegylated protein to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Our results demonstrate that in contrast to anti-PEG antibodies, immune complex formation and drug clearance induced by anti-mPEG antibodies depends on pegylation architecture; compounds with a single or branched PEG molecule are unaffected by anti-mPEG antibodies but are increasingly affected as the number of PEG chain in a structure increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Mae Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Trieu Thi My Tran
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Talal Salem Al-Qaisi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Steve R Roffler
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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3
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Nguyen MTT, Shih YC, Lin MH, Roffler SR, Hsiao CY, Cheng TL, Lin WW, Lin EC, Jong YJ, Chang CY, Su YC. Structural determination of an antibody that specifically recognizes polyethylene glycol with a terminal methoxy group. Commun Chem 2022; 5:88. [PMID: 35936993 PMCID: PMC9340711 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent attachment of methoxy poly(ethylene) glycol (mPEG) to therapeutic molecules is widely employed to improve their systemic circulation time and therapeutic efficacy. mPEG, however, can induce anti-PEG antibodies that negatively impact drug therapeutic effects. However, the underlying mechanism for specific binding of antibodies to mPEG remains unclear. Here, we determined the first co-crystal structure of the humanized 15-2b anti-mPEG antibody in complex with mPEG, which possesses a deep pocket in the antigen-binding site to accommodate the mPEG polymer. Structural and mutational analyses revealed that mPEG binds to h15-2b via Van der Waals and hydrogen bond interactions, whereas the methoxy group of mPEG is stabilized in a hydrophobic environment between the VH:VL interface. Replacement of the heavy chain hydrophobic V37 residue with a neutral polar serine or threonine residue offers additional hydrogen bond interactions with methoxyl and hydroxyl groups, resulting in cross-reactivity to mPEG and OH-PEG. Our findings provide insights into understanding mPEG-binding specificity and antigenicity of anti-mPEG antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Tram T. Nguyen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Shih
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Steve R. Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - En-Chi Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, and Translational Research Center of Neuromuscular Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS²B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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4
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Wu SY, Wu FG, Chen X. Antibody-Incorporated Nanomedicines for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109210. [PMID: 35142395 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-based cancer therapy, one of the most significant therapeutic strategies, has achieved considerable success and progress over the past decades. Nevertheless, obstacles including limited tumor penetration, short circulation half-lives, undesired immunogenicity, and off-target side effects remain to be overcome for the antibody-based cancer treatment. Owing to the rapid development of nanotechnology, antibody-containing nanomedicines that have been extensively explored to overcome these obstacles have already demonstrated enhanced anticancer efficacy and clinical translation potential. This review intends to offer an overview of the advancements of antibody-incorporated nanoparticulate systems in cancer treatment, together with the nontrivial challenges faced by these next-generation nanomedicines. Diverse strategies of antibody immobilization, formats of antibodies, types of cancer-associated antigens, and anticancer mechanisms of antibody-containing nanomedicines are provided and discussed in this review, with an emphasis on the latest applications. The current limitations and future research directions on antibody-containing nanomedicines are also discussed from different perspectives to provide new insights into the construction of anticancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Yu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
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5
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Wang J, Yang J, Kopeček J. Nanomedicines in B cell-targeting therapies. Acta Biomater 2022; 137:1-19. [PMID: 34687954 PMCID: PMC8678319 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
B cells play multiple roles in immune responses related to autoimmune diseases as well as different types of cancers. As such, strategies focused on B cell targeting attracted wide interest and developed intensively. There are several common mechanisms various B cell targeting therapies have relied on, including direct B cell depletion, modulation of B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling, targeting B cell survival factors, targeting the B cell and T cell costimulation, and immune checkpoint blockade. Nanocarriers, used as drug delivery vehicles, possess numerous advantages to low molecular weight drugs, reducing drug toxicity, enhancing blood circulation time, as well as augmenting targeting efficacy and improving therapeutic effect. Herein, we review the commonly used targets involved in B cell targeting approaches and the utilization of various nanocarriers as B cell-targeted delivery vehicles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As B cells are engaged significantly in the development of many kinds of diseases, utilization of nanomedicines in B cell depletion therapies have been rapidly developed. Although numerous studies focused on B cell targeting have already been done, there are still various potential receptors awaiting further investigation. This review summarizes the most relevant studies that utilized nanotechnologies associated with different B cell depletion approaches, providing a useful tool for selection of receptors, agents and/or nanocarriers matching specific diseases. Along with uncovering new targets in the function map of B cells, there will be a growing number of candidates that can benefit from nanoscale drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
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6
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Chen BM, Cheng TL, Roffler SR. Polyethylene Glycol Immunogenicity: Theoretical, Clinical, and Practical Aspects of Anti-Polyethylene Glycol Antibodies. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14022-14048. [PMID: 34469112 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a flexible, hydrophilic simple polymer that is physically attached to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, liposomes, and nanoparticles to reduce renal clearance, block antibody and protein binding sites, and enhance the half-life and efficacy of therapeutic molecules. Some naïve individuals have pre-existing antibodies that can bind to PEG, and some PEG-modified compounds induce additional antibodies against PEG, which can adversely impact drug efficacy and safety. Here we provide a framework to better understand PEG immunogenicity and how antibodies against PEG affect pegylated drug and nanoparticles. Analysis of published studies reveals rules for predicting accelerated blood clearance of pegylated medicine and therapeutic liposomes. Experimental studies of anti-PEG antibody binding to different forms, sizes, and immobilization states of PEG are also provided. The widespread use of SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccines that incorporate PEG in lipid nanoparticles make understanding possible effects of anti-PEG antibodies on pegylated medicines even more critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Mae Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Steve R Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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7
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Synthetic chemical ligands and cognate antibodies for biorthogonal drug targeting and cell engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 170:281-293. [PMID: 33486005 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A vast range of biomedical applications relies on the specificity of interactions between an antigen and its cognate receptor or antibody. This specificity can be highest when said antigen is a non-natural (synthetic) molecule introduced into a biological setting as a bio-orthogonal ligand. This review aims to present the development of this methodology from the early discovery of haptens a century ago to the recent clinical trials. We discuss such methodologies as antibody recruitment, artificial internalizing receptors and chemically induced dimerization, present the use of chimeric receptors and/or bispecific antibodies to achieve drug targeting and transcytosis, and illustrate how these platforms most impressively found use in the engineering of therapeutic cells such as the chimeric antigen receptor cells. This review aims to be of interest to a broad scientific audience and to spur the development of synthetic artificial ligands for biomedical applications.
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8
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Cao Y, Yang J, Eichin D, Zhao F, Qi D, Kahari L, Jia C, Peurla M, Rosenholm JM, Zhao Z, Jalkanen S, Li J. Self‐Synthesizing Nanorods from Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries against Drug Resistant Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
- Research and Development Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Dominik Eichin
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Fangzhe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
- Research and Development Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Dawei Qi
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Laura Kahari
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Chunman Jia
- Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem Key laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Markus Peurla
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Research Laboratories University of Turku Kiinamyllynkatu 10 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Jessica M. Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Faculty of Science and Engineering Åbo Akademi University Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Zhao Zhao
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
| | - Jianwei Li
- MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku Tykistökatu 6 20520 Turku Finland
- Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem Key laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
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9
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Surowka M, Schaefer W, Klein C. Ten years in the making: application of CrossMab technology for the development of therapeutic bispecific antibodies and antibody fusion proteins. MAbs 2021; 13:1967714. [PMID: 34491877 PMCID: PMC8425689 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1967714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies have recently attracted intense interest. CrossMab technology was described in 2011 as novel approach enabling correct antibody light-chain association with their respective heavy chain in bispecific antibodies, together with methods enabling correct heavy-chain association using existing pairs of antibodies. Since the original description, CrossMab technology has evolved in the past decade into one of the most mature, versatile, and broadly applied technologies in the field, and nearly 20 bispecific antibodies based on CrossMab technology developed by Roche and others have entered clinical trials. The most advanced of these are the Ang-2/VEGF bispecific antibody faricimab, currently undergoing regulatory review, and the CD20/CD3 T cell bispecific antibody glofitamab, currently in pivotal Phase 3 trials. In this review, we introduce the principles of CrossMab technology, including its application for the generation of bi-/multispecific antibodies with different geometries and mechanisms of action, and provide an overview of CrossMab-based therapeutics in clinical trials.
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10
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Cao Y, Yang J, Eichin D, Zhao F, Qi D, Kahari L, Jia C, Peurla M, Rosenholm JM, Zhao Z, Jalkanen S, Li J. Self-Synthesizing Nanorods from Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries against Drug Resistant Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3062-3070. [PMID: 33112477 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly has been widely used to develop nanocarriers for drug delivery. However, most of them have unsatisfactory drug loading capacity (DLC) and the dilemma between stimuli-responsiveness and stability, stagnating their translational process. Herein, we overcame these drawbacks using dynamic combinatorial chemistry. A carrier molecule was spontaneously and quantitatively synthesized, aided by co-self-assembly with a template molecule and an anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) from a dynamic combinatorial library that was operated by disulfide exchange under thermodynamic control. The highly selective synthesis guaranteed a stable yet pH- and redox- responsive nanocarrier with a maximized DLC of 40.1 % and an enhanced drug potency to fight DOX resistance in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggested that harnessing the interplay between synthesis and self-assembly in complex chemical systems could yield functional nanomaterials for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Research and Development Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Dominik Eichin
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Fangzhe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Research and Development Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Qi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Kahari
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Chunman Jia
- Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Key laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Markus Peurla
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Zhao Zhao
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jianwei Li
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Key laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
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11
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Huckaby JT, Jacobs TM, Li Z, Perna RJ, Wang A, Nicely NI, Lai SK. Structure of an anti-PEG antibody reveals an open ring that captures highly flexible PEG polymers. Commun Chem 2020; 3:124. [PMID: 36703348 PMCID: PMC9814744 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polymer routinely used to modify biologics and nanoparticles to prolong blood circulation and reduce immunogenicity of the underlying therapeutic. However, several PEGylated therapeutics induce the development of anti-PEG antibodies (APA), leading to reduced efficacy and increased adverse events. Given the highly flexible structure of PEG, how APA specifically bind PEG remains poorly understood. Here, we report a crystal structure illustrating the structural properties and conformation of the APA 6-3 Fab bound to the backbone of PEG. The structure reveals an open ring-like sub-structure in the Fab paratope, whereby PEG backbone is captured and then stabilized via Van der Waals interactions along the interior and exterior of the ring paratope surface. Our finding illustrates a strategy by which antibodies can bind highly flexible repeated structures that lack fixed conformations, such as polymers. This also substantially advances our understanding of the humoral immune response generated against PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Huckaby
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tim M Jacobs
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zhongbo Li
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Robert J Perna
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Anting Wang
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nathan I Nicely
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Samuel K Lai
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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12
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Chen E, Chen BM, Su YC, Chang YC, Cheng TL, Barenholz Y, Roffler SR. Premature Drug Release from Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Coated Liposomal Doxorubicin via Formation of the Membrane Attack Complex. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7808-7822. [PMID: 32142248 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies are present in many healthy individuals as well as in patients receiving polyethylene glycol-functionalized drugs. Antibodies against PEG-coated nanocarriers can accelerate their clearance, but their impact on nanodrug properties including nanocarrier integrity is unclear. Here, we show that anti-PEG IgG and IgM antibodies bind to PEG molecules on the surface of PEG-coated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil, Doxisome, LC-101, and Lipo-Dox), resulting in complement activation, formation of the membrane attack complex (C5b-9) in the liposomal membrane, and rapid release of encapsulated doxorubicin from the liposomes. Drug release depended on both classical and alternative pathways of complement activation. Doxorubicin release of up to 40% was also observed in rats treated with anti-PEG IgG and PEG-coated liposomal doxorubicin. Our results demonstrate that anti-PEG antibodies can disrupt the membrane integrity of PEG-coated liposomal doxorubicin through activation of complement, which may alter therapeutic efficacy and safety in patients with high levels of pre-existing antibodies against PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Even Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Mae Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 1001, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Chang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yechezekel Barenholz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Steve R Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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13
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Chen IJ, Cheng YA, Ho KW, Lin WW, Cheng KW, Lu YC, Hsieh YC, Huang CC, Chuang CH, Chen FM, Su YC, Roffler SR, Cheng TL. Bispecific antibody (HER2 × mPEG) enhances anti-cancer effects by precise targeting and accumulation of mPEGylated liposomes. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:386-397. [PMID: 32417267 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeted antibodies and methoxy-PEGylated nanocarriers have gradually become a mainstream of cancer therapy. To increase the anti-cancer effects of targeted antibodies combined with mPEGylated liposomes (mPEG-liposomes), we describe a bispecific antibody in which an anti-methoxy-polyethylene glycol scFv (αmPEG scFv) was fused to the C-terminus of an anti-HER2 (αHER2) antibody to generate a HER2 × mPEG BsAb that retained the original efficacy of a targeted antibody while actively attracting mPEG-liposomes to accumulate at tumor sites. HER2 ×mPEG BsAb can simultaneously bind to HER2-high expressing MCF7/HER2 tumor cells and mPEG molecules on mPEG-liposomal doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox). Pre-incubation of HER2 × mPEG BsAb with cells increased the endocytosis of Lipo-DiD and enhanced the cytotoxicity of Lipo-Dox to MCF7/HER2 tumor cells. Furthermore, pre-treatment of HER2 × mPEG BsAb enhanced the tumor accumulation and retention of Lipo-DiR 2.2-fold in HER2-high expressing MCF7/HER2 tumors as compared to HER2-low expressing MCF7/neo1 tumors. Importantly, HER2 × mPEG BsAb plus Lipo-Dox significantly suppressed tumor growth as compared to control BsAb plus Lipo-Dox in MCF7/HER2 tumor-bearing mice. These results indicate that HER2 × mPEG BsAb can enhance tumor accumulation of mPEG-liposomes to improve the therapeutic efficacy of combination treatment. Anti-mPEG scFv can be fused to any kind of targeted antibody to generate BsAbs to actively attract mPEG-drugs and improve anti-cancer efficacy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Antibody targeted therapy and PEGylated drugs have gradually become the mainstream of cancer therapy. To enhance the anti-cancer effects of targeted antibodies combined with PEGylated drugs is very important. To this aim, we fused an anti-PEG scFv to the C-terminal of HER2 targeted antibodies to generate a HER2×mPEG bispecific antibody (BsAb) to retain the original efficacy of targeted antibody whilst actively attract mPEG-liposomal drugs to accumulate at tumor sites. The present study demonstrates pre-treatment of HER2×mPEG BsAb can enhance tumor accumulation of mPEG-liposomal drugs to improve the therapeutic efficacy of combination treatment. Anti-mPEG scFv can be fused to any kind of targeted antibody to generate BsAbs to actively attract mPEG-drugs and improve anti-cancer efficacy.
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14
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Physical Properties of Nanoparticles That Result in Improved Cancer Targeting. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:5194780. [PMID: 32765604 PMCID: PMC7374236 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5194780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of drugs is dependent upon the ability of a drug to reach its target, and drug penetration into tumors is limited by abnormal vasculature and high interstitial pressure. Chemotherapy is the most common systemic treatment for cancer but can cause undesirable adverse effects, including toxicity to the bone marrow and gastrointestinal system. Therefore, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been developed to reduce the adverse effects of traditional chemotherapy by enhancing the penetration and selective drug retention in tumor tissues. A thorough knowledge of the physical properties (e.g., size, surface charge, shape, and mechanical strength) and chemical attributes of nanoparticles is crucial to facilitate the application of nanotechnology to biomedical applications. This review provides a summary of how the attributes of nanoparticles can be exploited to improve therapeutic efficacy. An ideal nanoparticle is proposed at the end of this review in order to guide future development of nanoparticles for improved drug targeting in vivo.
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15
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Lee CC, Su YC, Ko TP, Lin LL, Yang CY, Chang SSC, Roffler SR, Wang AHJ. Structural basis of polyethylene glycol recognition by antibody. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:12. [PMID: 31907057 PMCID: PMC6945545 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used in industry and medicine. Anti-PEG antibodies have been developed for characterizing PEGylated drugs and other applications. However, the underlying mechanism for specific PEG binding has not been elucidated. Methods The Fab of two cognate anti-PEG antibodies 3.3 and 2B5 were each crystallized in complex with PEG, and their structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The PEG-Fab interactions in these two crystals were analyzed and compared with those in a PEG-containing crystal of an unrelated anti-hemagglutinin 32D6-Fab. The PEG-binding stoichiometry was examined by using analytical ultracentrifuge (AUC). Results A common PEG-binding mode to 3.3 and 2B5 is seen with an S-shaped core PEG fragment bound to two dyad-related Fab molecules. A nearby satellite binding site may accommodate parts of a longer PEG molecule. The core PEG fragment mainly interacts with the heavy-chain residues D31, W33, L102, Y103 and Y104, making extensive contacts with the aromatic side chains. At the center of each half-circle of the S-shaped PEG, a water molecule makes alternating hydrogen bonds to the ether oxygen atoms, in a similar configuration to that of a crown ether-bound lysine. Each satellite fragment is clamped between two arginine residues, R52 from the heavy chain and R29 from the light chain, and also interacts with several aromatic side chains. In contrast, the non-specifically bound PEG fragments in the 32D6-Fab crystal are located in the elbow region or at lattice contacts. The AUC data suggest that 3.3-Fab exists as a monomer in PEG-free solution but forms a dimer in the presence of PEG-550-MME, which is about the size of the S-shaped core PEG fragment. Conclusions The differing amino acids in 3.3 and 2B5 are not involved in PEG binding but engaged in dimer formation. In particular, the light-chain residue K53 of 2B5-Fab makes significant contacts with the other Fab in a dimer, whereas the corresponding N53 of 3.3-Fab does not. This difference in the protein-protein interaction between two Fab molecules in a dimer may explain the temperature dependence of 2B5 in PEG binding, as well as its inhibition by crown ether.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chung Lee
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ya Yang
- Medigen Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Stanley Shi-Chung Chang
- Medigen Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steve R Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Andrew H-J Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Parker CL, McSweeney MD, Lucas AT, Jacobs TM, Wadsworth D, Zamboni WC, Lai SK. Pretargeted delivery of PEG-coated drug carriers to breast tumors using multivalent, bispecific antibody against polyethylene glycol and HER2. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2019; 21:102076. [PMID: 31394261 PMCID: PMC7224238 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pretargeting is an increasingly explored strategy to improve nanoparticle targeting, in which pretargeting molecules that bind both selected epitopes on target cells and nanocarriers are first administered, followed by the drug-loaded nanocarriers. Bispecific antibodies (bsAb) represent a promising class of pretargeting molecules, but how different bsAb formats may impact the efficiency of pretargeting remains poorly understood, in particular Fab valency and Fc receptor (FcR)-binding of bsAb. We found the tetravalent bsAb markedly enhanced PEGylated nanoparticle binding to target HER2+ cells relative to the bivalent bsAb in vitro. Pretargeting with tetravalent bsAb with abrogated FcR binding increased tumor accumulation of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) 3-fold compared to passively targeted PLD alone, and 5-fold vs pretargeting with tetravalent bsAb with normal FcR binding in vivo. Our work demonstrates that multivalency and elimination of FcRn recycling are both important features of pretargeting molecules, and further supports pretargeting as a promising nanoparticle delivery strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bispecific/chemistry
- Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Carriers/chemistry
- Drug Carriers/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry
- Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- omega-Chloroacetophenone
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Parker
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Morgan D McSweeney
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Andrew T Lucas
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Carolina Center for Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Timothy M Jacobs
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Daniel Wadsworth
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - William C Zamboni
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Carolina Center for Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States.
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17
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Cui J, Ju Y, Houston ZH, Glass JJ, Fletcher NL, Alcantara S, Dai Q, Howard CB, Mahler SM, Wheatley AK, De Rose R, Brannon PT, Paterson BM, Donnelly PS, Thurecht KJ, Caruso F, Kent SJ. Modulating Targeting of Poly(ethylene glycol) Particles to Tumor Cells Using Bispecific Antibodies. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801607. [PMID: 30868751 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Low-fouling or "stealth" particles composed of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) display a striking ability to evade phagocytic cell uptake. However, functionalizing them for specific targeting is challenging. To address this challenge, stealth PEG particles prepared by a mesoporous silica templating method are functionalized with bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) to obtain PEG-BsAb particles via a one-step binding strategy for cell and tumor targeting. The dual specificity of the BsAbs-one arm binds to the PEG particles while the other targets a cell antigen (epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)-is exploited to modulate the number of targeting ligands per particle. Increasing the BsAb incubation concentration increases the amount of BsAb tethered to the PEG particles and enhances targeting and internalization into breast cancer cells overexpressing EGFR. The degree of BsAb functionalization does not significantly reduce the stealth properties of the PEG particles ex vivo, as assessed by their interactions with primary human blood granulocytes and monocytes. Although increasing the BsAb amount on PEG particles does not lead to the expected improvement in tumor accumulation in vivo, BsAb functionalization facilitates tumor cell uptake of PEG particles. This work highlights strategies to balance evading nonspecific clearance pathways, while improving tumor targeting and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Cui
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250100 China
| | - Yi Ju
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Centre for Advanced Imaging The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Joshua J. Glass
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Centre for Advanced Imaging The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Sheilajen Alcantara
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Qiong Dai
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250100 China
| | - Christopher B. Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Centre for Advanced Imaging The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Stephen M. Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Robert De Rose
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University 381 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Paul T. Brannon
- Materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Brett M. Paterson
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Centre for Advanced Imaging The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
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18
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Optimizing Advances in Nanoparticle Delivery for Cancer Immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:3-15. [PMID: 31330165 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is one of the fastest growing and most promising fields in clinical oncology. T-cell checkpoint inhibitors are revolutionizing the management of advanced cancers including non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. Unfortunately, many common cancers are not responsive to these drugs and resistance remains problematic. A growing number of novel cancer immunotherapies have been discovered but their clinical translation has been limited by shortcomings of conventional drug delivery. Immune signaling is tightly-regulated and often requires simultaneous or near-simultaneous activation of multiple signals in specific subpopulations of immune cells. Nucleic acid therapies, which require intact intracellular delivery, are among the most promising approaches to modulate the tumor microenvironment to a pro-immunogenic phenotype. Advanced nanomedicines can be precisely engineered to overcome many of these limitations and appear well-poised to enable the clinical translation of promising cancer immunotherapies.
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19
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Carter KA, Luo D, Geng J, Stern ST, Lovell JF. Blood Interactions, Pharmacokinetics, and Depth-Dependent Ablation of Rat Mammary Tumors with Photoactivatable, Liposomal Doxorubicin. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 18:592-601. [PMID: 30587558 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitizers can be integrated with drug delivery vehicles to develop chemophototherapy agents with antitumor synergy between chemo- and photocomponents. Long-circulating doxorubicin (Dox) in porphyrin-phospholipid (PoP) liposomes (LC-Dox-PoP) incorporates a phospholipid-like photosensitizer (2 mole %) in the bilayer of Dox-loaded stealth liposomes. Hematological effects of endotoxin-minimized LC-Dox-PoP were characterized via standardized assays. In vitro interaction with erythrocytes, platelets, and plasma coagulation cascade were generally unremarkable, whereas complement activation was found to be similar to that of commercial Doxil. Blood partitioning suggested that both the Dox and PoP components of LC-Dox-PoP were stably entrapped or incorporated in liposomes. This was further confirmed with pharmacokinetic studies in Fischer rats, which showed the PoP and Dox components of the liposomes both had nearly identical, long circulation half-lives (25-26 hours). In a large orthotopic mammary tumor model in Fischer rats, following intravenous dosing (2 mg/kg Dox), the depth of enhanced Dox delivery in response to 665 nm laser irradiation was over 1 cm. LC-Dox-PoP with laser treatment cured or potently suppressed tumor growth, with greater efficacy observed in tumors 0.8 to 1.2 cm, compared with larger ones. The skin at the treatment site healed within approximately 30 days. Taken together, these data provide insight into nanocharacterization and photo-ablation parameters for a chemophototherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Carter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Dandan Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Jumin Geng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Stephan T Stern
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York.
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20
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Klein C, Schaefer W, Regula JT, Dumontet C, Brinkmann U, Bacac M, Umaña P. Engineering therapeutic bispecific antibodies using CrossMab technology. Methods 2018; 154:21-31. [PMID: 30453028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies have recently gained major interest as they allow novel mechanisms-of-action and/or therapeutic applications that cannot be achieved using conventional IgG-based antibodies. A major issue in engineering IgG-based bispecific antibodies has been to enable the correct association of heavy and light chains resulting in correct assembly of the desired bispecific antibody in sufficient yield. Various approaches have been described during recent years to tackle this challenge. We have developed the so-called CrossMab technology that enforces correct light chain association based on the domain crossover of immunoglobulin domains in the Fab region of the bispecific antibody. This versatile technology allows the generation of different bispecific antibody formats including asymmetric heterodimeric monovalent 1 + 1 bispecific antibodies and asymmetric heterodimeric bispecific antibodies with 2 + 1 valency in combination with approaches enabling Fc-hetermodimerization like knob-into-hole technology as well as the generation of tetravalent symmetric bispecific antibodies with 2 + 2 valency, also known as Tandem-Fab based IgG antibodies, using processes suitable for the large scale production of therapeutic bispecific antibodies. Notably, as of now, at least eight different bispecific antibodies using CrossMab technology entered clinical development, and additional CrossMabs are in late preclinical development. This review provides a summary of the status and progress with the engineering and generation of CrossMab technology based bispecific antibodies as well as their therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Klein
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Wolfgang Schaefer
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, 82393 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Joerg T Regula
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, 82393 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), INSERM, 1052/CNRS, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, 82393 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Marina Bacac
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Umaña
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
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21
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Kakkar A, Traverso G, Farokhzad OC, Weissleder R, Langer R. Evolution of macromolecular complexity in drug delivery systems. Nat Rev Chem 2017; 1:63. [PMID: 31286060 PMCID: PMC6613785 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-017-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Designing therapeutics is a process with many challenges. Even if the first hurdle - designing a drug that modulates the action of a particular biological target in vitro - is overcome, selective delivery to that target in vivo presents a major barrier. Side-effects can, in many cases, result from the need to use higher doses without targeted delivery. However, the established use of macromolecules to encapsulate or conjugate drugs can provide improved delivery, and stands to enable better therapeutic outcomes. In this Review, we discuss how drug delivery approaches have evolved alongside our ability to prepare increasingly complex macromolecular architectures. We examine how this increased complexity has overcome the challenges of drug delivery and discuss its potential for fulfilling unmet needs in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kakkar
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Omid C Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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22
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Conditional internalization of PEGylated nanomedicines by PEG engagers for triple negative breast cancer therapy. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15507. [PMID: 28593948 PMCID: PMC5472176 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks effective treatment options due to the absence of traditional therapeutic targets. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has emerged as a promising target for TNBC therapy because it is overexpressed in about 50% of TNBC patients. Here we describe a PEG engager that simultaneously binds polyethylene glycol and EGFR to deliver PEGylated nanomedicines to EGFR+ TNBC. The PEG engager displays conditional internalization by remaining on the surface of TNBC cells until contact with PEGylated nanocarriers triggers rapid engulfment of nanocargos. PEG engager enhances the anti-proliferative activity of PEG-liposomal doxorubicin to EGFR+ TNBC cells by up to 100-fold with potency dependent on EGFR expression levels. The PEG engager significantly increases retention of fluorescent PEG probes and enhances the antitumour activity of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin in human TNBC xenografts. PEG engagers with specificity for EGFR are promising for improved treatment of EGFR+ TNBC patients. The majority of treatment options for cancers are ineffective due to limited therapeutic targeting. Here, the authors develop bispecific antibodies that effectively target nanomaterials to triple-negative breast cancer cell receptors and deliver therapeutics leading to inhibition of tumour growth.
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23
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Dengl S, Sustmann C, Brinkmann U. Engineered hapten-binding antibody derivatives for modulation of pharmacokinetic properties of small molecules and targeted payload delivery. Immunol Rev 2016; 270:165-77. [PMID: 26864111 PMCID: PMC4755198 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hapten‐binding antibodies have for more than 50 years played a pivotal role in immunology, paving the way to antibody generation (as haptens are very important and robust immunogens), to antibody characterization (as the first structures generated more than 40 years ago were those of hapten binders), and enabled and expanded antibody engineering technologies. The latter field of engineered antibodies evolved over many years and many steps resulting in recombinant humanized or human‐derived antibody derivatives in multiple formats. Today, hapten‐binding antibodies are applied not only as reagents and tools (where they still play an important part) but evolved also to engineered targeting and pretargeting vehicles for disease diagnosis and therapy. Here we describe recent applications of hapten‐binding antibodies and of engineered mono‐ and bispecific hapten‐binding antibody derivatives. We have designed and applied these molecules for the modulation of the pharmacokinetic properties of small compounds or peptides. They are also integrated as additional binding entities into bispecific antibody formats. Here they serve as non‐covalent or covalent coupling modules to haptenylated compounds, to enable targeted payload delivery to disease tissues or cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dengl
- 1Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Claudio Sustmann
- 1Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- 1Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
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Chen BM, Su YC, Chang CJ, Burnouf PA, Chuang KH, Chen CH, Cheng TL, Chen YT, Wu JY, Roffler SR. Measurement of Pre-Existing IgG and IgM Antibodies against Polyethylene Glycol in Healthy Individuals. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10661-10666. [PMID: 27726379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a biocompatible polymer that is often attached to therapeutic molecules to improve bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Although antibodies with specificity for PEG may compromise the safety and effectiveness of PEGylated medicines, the prevalence of pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies in healthy individuals is unclear. Chimeric human anti-PEG antibody standards were created to accurately measure anti-PEG IgM and IgG antibodies by direct ELISA with confirmation by a competition assay in the plasma of 1504 healthy Han Chinese donors residing in Taiwan. Anti-PEG antibodies were detected in 44.3% of healthy donors with a high prevalence of both anti-PEG IgM (27.1%) and anti-PEG IgG (25.7%). Anti-PEG IgM and IgG antibodies were significantly more common in females as compared to males (32.0% vs 22.2% for IgM, p < 0.0001 and 28.3% vs 23.0% for IgG, p = 0.018). The prevalence of anti-PEG IgG antibodies was higher in younger (up to 60% for 20 year olds) as opposed to older (20% for >50 years) male and female donors. Anti-PEG IgG concentrations were negatively associated with donor age in both females (p = 0.0073) and males (p = 0.026). Both anti-PEG IgM and IgG strongly bound PEGylated medicines. The described assay can assist in the elucidation of the impact of anti-PEG antibodies on the safety and therapeutic efficacy of PEGylated medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Mae Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuo-Hsiang Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Steve R Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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25
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Howard CB, Fletcher N, Houston ZH, Fuchs AV, Boase NRB, Simpson JD, Raftery LJ, Ruder T, Jones ML, de Bakker CJ, Mahler SM, Thurecht KJ. Overcoming Instability of Antibody-Nanomaterial Conjugates: Next Generation Targeted Nanomedicines Using Bispecific Antibodies. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2055-68. [PMID: 27283923 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Targeted nanomaterials promise improved therapeutic efficacy, however their application in nanomedicine is limited due to complexities associated with protein conjugations to synthetic nanocarriers. A facile method to generate actively targeted nanomaterials is developed and exemplified using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functional nanostructures coupled to a bispecific antibody (BsAb) with dual specificity for methoxy PEG (mPEG) epitopes and cancer targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The EGFR-mPEG BsAb binds with high affinity to recombinant EGFR (KD : 1 × 10(-9) m) and hyperbranched polymer (HBP) consisting of mPEG (KD : 10 × 10(-9) m) and demonstrates higher avidity for HBP compared to linear mPEG. The binding of BsAb-HBP bioconjugate to EGFR on MDA-MB-468 cancer cells is investigated in vitro using a fluorescently labeled polymer, and in in vivo xenograft models by small animal optical imaging. The antibody-targeted nanostructures show improved accumulation in tumor cells compared to non-targeted nanomaterials. This demonstrates a facile approach for tuning targeting ligand density on nanomaterials, by modulating surface functionality. Antibody fragments are tethered to the nanomaterial through simple mixing prior to administration to animals, overcoming the extensive procedures encountered for developing targeted nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nicholas Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adrian V. Fuchs
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nathan R. B. Boase
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Joshua D. Simpson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Lyndon J. Raftery
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Tim Ruder
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Martina L. Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Christopher J. de Bakker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Stephen M. Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
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Zhang P, Sun F, Liu S, Jiang S. Anti-PEG antibodies in the clinic: Current issues and beyond PEGylation. J Control Release 2016; 244:184-193. [PMID: 27369864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The technique of attaching the polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG), or PEGylation, has brought more than ten protein drugs into market. The surface conjugation of PEG on proteins prolongs their blood circulation time and reduces immunogenicity by increasing their hydrodynamic size and masking surface epitopes. Despite this success, an emerging body of literature highlights the presence of antibodies produced by the immune system that specifically recognize and bind to PEG (anti-PEG Abs), including both pre-existing and treatment-induced Abs. More importantly, the existence of anti-PEG Abs has been correlated with loss of therapeutic efficacy and increase in adverse effects in several clinical reports examining different PEGylated therapeutics. To better understand the nature of anti-PEG immunity, we summarize a number of clinical reports and some critical animal studies regarding pre-existing and treatment-induced anti-PEG Abs. Various anti-PEG detection methods used in different studies were provided. Several protein modification technologies beyond PEGylation were also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Sijun Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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Klein C, Schaefer W, Regula JT. The use of CrossMAb technology for the generation of bi- and multispecific antibodies. MAbs 2016; 8:1010-20. [PMID: 27285945 PMCID: PMC4968094 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1197457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The major challenge in the generation of bispecific IgG antibodies is enforcement of the correct heavy and light chain association. The correct association of generic light chains can be enabled using immunoglobulin domain crossover, known as CrossMAb technology, which can be combined with approaches enabling correct heavy chain association such as knobs-into-holes (KiH) technology or electrostatic steering. Since its development, this technology has proven to be very versatile, allowing the generation of various bispecific antibody formats, not only heterodimeric/asymmetric bivalent 1+1 CrossMAbs, but also tri- (2+1), tetravalent (2+2) bispecific and multispecific antibodies. Numerous CrossMAbs have been evaluated in preclinical studies, and, so far, 4 different tailor-made bispecific antibodies based on the CrossMAb technology have entered clinical studies. Here, we review the properties and activities of bispecific CrossMAbs and give an overview of the variety of CrossMAb-enabled antibody formats that differ from heterodimeric 1+1 bispecific IgG antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Klein
- a Roche Innovation Center Zurich , Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Wagistrasse , Schlieren , Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Schaefer
- b Roche Innovation Center Munich , Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Nonnenwald , Penzberg , Germany
| | - Jörg T Regula
- b Roche Innovation Center Munich , Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Nonnenwald , Penzberg , Germany
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Szebeni J, Storm G. Complement activation as a bioequivalence issue relevant to the development of generic liposomes and other nanoparticulate drugs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:490-7. [PMID: 26182876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are known to activate the complement (C) system, which can lead in vivo to a hypersensitivity syndrome called C activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). CARPA has been getting increasing attention as a safety risk of i.v. therapy with liposomes, whose testing is now recommended in bioequivalence evaluations of generic liposomal drug candidates. This review highlights the adverse consequences of C activation, the unique symptoms of CARPA triggered by essentially all i.v. administered liposomal drugs, and the various features of vesicles influencing this adverse immune effect. For the case of Doxil, we also address the mechanism of C activation and the opsonization vs. long circulation (stealth) paradox. In reviewing the methods of assessing C activation and CARPA, we delineate the most sensitive porcine model and an algorithm for stepwise evaluation of the CARPA risk of i.v. liposomes, which are proposed for standardization for preclinical toxicology evaluation of liposomal and other nanoparticulate drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest & SeroScience Ltd, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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