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Chiappa M, Decio A, Guarrera L, Mengoli I, Karki A, Yemane D, Ghilardi C, Scanziani E, Canesi S, Barbera MC, Craparotta I, Bolis M, Fruscio R, Grasselli C, Ceruti T, Zucchetti M, Patterson JC, Lu RA, Yaffe MB, Ridinger M, Damia G, Guffanti F. Onvansertib treatment overcomes olaparib resistance in high-grade ovarian carcinomas. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:521. [PMID: 39039067 PMCID: PMC11263393 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Occurrence of resistance to olaparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi) approved in ovarian carcinoma, has already been shown in clinical settings. Identifying combination treatments to sensitize tumor cells and/or overcome resistance to olaparib is critical. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a master regulator of mitosis, is also involved in the DNA damage response promoting homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair and in the recovery from the G2/M checkpoint. We hypothesized that PLK1 inhibition could sensitize tumor cells to PARP inhibition. Onvansertib, a highly selective PLK1 inhibitor, and olaparib were tested in vitro and in vivo in BRCA1 mutated and wild-type (wt) ovarian cancer models, including patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) resistant to olaparib. The combination of onvansertib and olaparib was additive or synergic in different ovarian cancer cell lines, causing a G2/M block of the cell cycle, DNA damage, and apoptosis, much more pronounced in cells treated with the two drugs as compared to controls and single agents treated cells. The combined treatment was well tolerated in vivo and resulted in tumor growth inhibition and a statistically increased survival in olaparib-resistant-BRCA1 mutated models. The combination was also active, although to a lesser extent, in BRCA1 wt PDXs. Pharmacodynamic analyses showed an increase in mitotic, apoptotic, and DNA damage markers in tumor samples derived from mice treated with the combination versus vehicle. We could demonstrate that in vitro onvansertib inhibited both HR and non-homologous end-joining repair pathways and in vivo induced a decrease in the number of RAD51 foci-positive tumor cells, supporting its ability to induce HR deficiency and favoring the activity of olaparib. Considering that the combination was well tolerated, these data support and foster the clinical evaluation of onvansertib with PARPis in ovarian cancer, particularly in the PARPis-resistant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Chiappa
- Laboratory of Preclinical Gynecological Oncology, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Guarrera
- Computational Oncology Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mengoli
- Laboratory of Preclinical Gynecological Oncology, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Anju Karki
- R&D Department, Cardiff Oncology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Divora Yemane
- R&D Department, Cardiff Oncology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carmen Ghilardi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, Lodi Campus, Italy
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), UniMi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Canesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, Lodi Campus, Italy
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), UniMi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria C Barbera
- Computational Oncology Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Craparotta
- Computational Oncology Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bolis
- Computational Oncology Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert Fruscio
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Grasselli
- Immuno-Pharmacology Unit, Department of Oncology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ceruti
- Laboratory of Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Experimental Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Laboratory of Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Experimental Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Jesse C Patterson
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robin A Lu
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Micheal B Yaffe
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maya Ridinger
- R&D Department, Cardiff Oncology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Laboratory of Preclinical Gynecological Oncology, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Guffanti
- Laboratory of Preclinical Gynecological Oncology, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Yu L, Zhang Z, Li G. A miR-361-5p/ ORC6/ PLK1 axis regulates prostate cancer progression. Exp Cell Res 2024; 440:114130. [PMID: 38885805 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the genitourinary system, and metastatic disease has a significant impact on the prognosis of PCa patients. As a result, knowing the processes of PCa development can help patients achieve better outcomes. Here, we investigated the expression and function of ORC6 in PCa. Our findings indicated that ORC6 was elevated in advanced PCa tissues. Patients with PCa who exhibited high levels of ORC6 had a poor prognosis. Following that, we investigated the function of ORC6 in PCa progression using a variety of functional experiments both in vivo and in vitro, and discovered that ORC6 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation, growth, and migration. Furthermore, RNA-seq was employed to examine the molecular mechanism of PCa progression. The results revealed that ORC6 might promote the expression of PLK1, a serine/threonine kinase in PCa cells. We also discovered that ORC6 as a novel miR-361-5p substrate using database analysis, and miR-361-5p was found to lower ORC6 expression. Additionally, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter tests revealed that the transcription factor E2F1 could regulate ORC6 expression in PCa cells. PLK1 overexpression or miR-361-5p inhibitor treatment effectively removed the inhibitory effects caused by ORC6 silencing. Notably, our data showed that therapeutically targeting the miR-361-5p/ORC6/PLK1 axis may be a viable therapy option for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230000, China; Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China; Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Guangyuan Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230000, China.
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Valizadeh S, Taghiyar S, Vahidi S, Abazari O, Akhavan Tafti M, Zavar Reza J. Application of PLK1 and HOXA13 Gene Expression Levels in Urine in the Diagnosis of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10735-3. [PMID: 38713442 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common urinary tract neoplasm, affecting many people annually. Current diagnostic and surveillance methods for bladder cancer are frequently invasive and lack sensitivity and specificity. This study aimed to develop an accurate and non-invasive urine-based gene expression assay, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), homeobox A13 (HOXA13), and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), to diagnose non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) at stages Ta and T1. The samples were acquired from 62 patients with NMIBC, 31 control individuals, and 31 patients with non-cancerous genitourinary tract diseases. The expression levels of three relevant genes were determined using quantitative RT-PCR. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the data for these genes were computed. Our results showed that PLK1, HOXA13, and FGFR3 expressions of genes were significantly elevated in patients compared to the control groups (p = 0.0001; p = 0.039). The sensitivity and specificity for the FGFR3 gene were 55% and 76%, respectively (p = 0.39). These parameters for HOXA13 were 100% and 93% (p = 0.0001) and for PLK1 were 100% and 86% (p = 0.0001) for diagnosing and monitoring NMIBC. HOXA13 and PLK 1 exhibited adequate specificity and sensitivity for diagnosis. The results of this research showed that despite the higher expression of these genes in urine, only HOXA13 and PLK1 had sufficient and proper specificity and sensitivity, so the urinary expression of these two genes can be used in future studies for diagnosis and monitoring in cancer bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Valizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sana Taghiyar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Serajedin Vahidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Omid Abazari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Akhavan Tafti
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Javad Zavar Reza
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
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Yue W, Li X, Zhan X, Wang L, Ma J, Bi M, Wang Q, Gu X, Xie B, Liu T, Guo H, Zhu X, Song C, Qiao J, Li M. PARP inhibitors suppress tumours via centrosome error-induced senescence independent of DNA damage response. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105129. [PMID: 38640836 PMCID: PMC11052917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as promising chemotherapeutic drugs primarily against BRCA1/2-associated tumours, known as synthetic lethality. However, recent clinical trials reported patients' survival benefits from PARP inhibitor treatments, irrelevant to homologous recombination deficiency. Therefore, revealing the therapeutic mechanism of PARP inhibitors beyond DNA damage repair is urgently needed, which can facilitate precision medicine. METHODS A CRISPR-based knock-in technology was used to establish stable BRCA1 mutant cancer cells. The effects of PARP inhibitors on BRCA1 mutant cancer cells were evaluated by biochemical and cell biological experiments. Finally, we validated its in vivo effects in xenograft and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumour mice. FINDINGS In this study, we uncovered that the majority of clinical BRCA1 mutations in breast cancers were in and near the middle of the gene, rather than in essential regions for DNA damage repair. Representative mutations such as R1085I and E1222Q caused transient extra spindle poles during mitosis in cancer cells. PAR, which is synthesized by PARP2 but not PARP1 at mitotic centrosomes, clustered these transient extra poles, independent of DNA damage response. Common PARP inhibitors could effectively suppress PARP2-synthesized PAR and induce cell senescence by abrogating the correction of mitotic extra-pole error. INTERPRETATION Our findings uncover an alternative mechanism by which PARP inhibitors efficiently suppress tumours, thereby pointing to a potential new therapeutic strategy for centrosome error-related tumours. FUNDING Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (T2225006, 82272948, 82103106), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Key program Z220011), and the National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Program, P. R. China (2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Centre for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jihong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meiyu Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bingteng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biological Diagnosis and Treatment (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chen Song
- Centre for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Ribeiro CF, Rodrigues S, Bastos DC, Fanelli GN, Pakula H, Foiani M, Zadra G, Loda M. Blocking lipid synthesis induces DNA damage in prostate cancer and increases cell death caused by PARP inhibition. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadh1922. [PMID: 38593154 PMCID: PMC11161871 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adh1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the primary treatment for prostate cancer; however, resistance to ADT invariably develops, leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Prostate cancer progression is marked by increased de novo synthesis of fatty acids due to overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), making this enzyme a therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Inhibition of FASN results in increased intracellular amounts of ceramides and sphingomyelin, leading to DNA damage through the formation of DNA double-strand breaks and cell death. We found that combining a FASNi with the poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib, which induces cell death by blocking DNA damage repair, resulted in a more pronounced reduction in cell growth than that caused by either drug alone. Human CRPC organoids treated with a combination of PARP and FASNi were smaller, had decreased cell proliferation, and showed increased apoptosis and necrosis. Together, these data indicate that targeting FASN increases the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibitors by impairing DNA damage repair, suggesting that combination therapies should be explored for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hubert Pakula
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, US
| | | | - Giorgia Zadra
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Loda
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, US
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Maiorano BA, Conteduca V, Catalano M, Antonuzzo L, Maiello E, De Giorgi U, Roviello G. Personalized medicine for metastatic prostate cancer: The paradigm of PARP inhibitors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 192:104157. [PMID: 37863403 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in the last decade, metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) remains incurable. The approval of PARP inhibitors (PARPis) represents a milestone in this field, which definitively enters the era of precision medicine, as mPCa is often enriched for defects of homologous recombination repair genes. PARPis are now used as single agents for patients with metastatic castration-resistant PCa. Moreover, combinations of PARPis plus androgen-receptor targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and earlier applications of PARPis in the metastatic hormone-sensitive PCa are under evaluation, representing the possible upcoming applications of these agents. Mechanisms of sensitization and resistance have been only partially elucidated. In our review, we summarize the current clinical evidence regarding PARPis in mPCa and the future directions of these targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigida Anna Maiorano
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Martina Catalano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Clinical Oncology Unit, and Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, and Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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7
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Javed A, Özduman G, Altun S, Duran D, Yerli D, Özar T, Şimşek F, Sami Korkmaz K. Mitotic kinase inhibitors as Therapeutic Interventions for Prostate Cancer: Evidence from In vitro Studies. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:EMIDDT-EPUB-129979. [PMID: 36872354 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230303092243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the devastating diseases characterized by genetic changes leading to uncontrolled growth and metastasis of the cells of the prostate gland and affects men worldwide. Conventional hormonal and chemotherapeutic agents are effective in mitigating the disease if diagnosed at an early stage. All dividing eukaryotic cells require mitotic progression for the maintenance of genomic integrity in progeny populations. The protein kinases, upon activation and de-activation in an ordered fashion, lead to spatial and temporal regulation of the cell division process. The entry into mitosis along with the progression into sub-phases of mitosis is ensured due to the activity of mitotic kinases. These kinases include Polo-Like-Kinase 1 (PLK1), Aurora kinases, and Cyclin-Dependent-Kinase 1 (CDK1), among others. The mitotic kinases, among others, are usually overexpressed in many cancers and can be targeted using small molecule inhibitors to reduce the effects of these regulators on mechanisms, such as regulation of genomic integrity and mitotic fidelity. In this review, we attempted to discuss the appropriate functions of mitotic kinases revealed through cell culture studies and the impact of their respective inhibitors derived in pre-clinical studies. The review is designed to elucidate the growing field of small molecule inhibitors and their functional screening or mode of action at the cellular and molecular level in the context of Prostate Cancer. Therefore, studies performed specifically on cells of Prostatic-origin are narrated in this review, culminating in a comprehensive view of the specific field of mitotic kinases that can be targeted for therapy of Prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Javed
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gülseren Özduman
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevda Altun
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Doğan Duran
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilan Yerli
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tilbe Özar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Faruk Şimşek
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Sami Korkmaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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8
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Xia Y, An J, Li J, Gu W, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Zhao C, Xu Y, Li B, Zhong Z, Meng F. Transferrin-guided intelligent nanovesicles augment the targetability and potency of clinical PLK1 inhibitor to acute myeloid leukemia. Bioact Mater 2023; 21:499-510. [PMID: 36185744 PMCID: PMC9494038 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a most lethal hematological malignancy, partly because of its slow development of targeted therapies compared with other cancers. PLK1 inhibitor, volasertib (Vol), is among the few molecular targeted drugs granted breakthrough therapy status for AML; however, its fast clearance and dose-limiting toxicity greatly restrain its clinical benefits. Here, we report that transferrin-guided polymersomes (TPs) markedly augment the targetability, potency and safety of Vol to AML. Vol-loaded TPs (TPVol) with 4% transferrin exhibited best cellular uptake, effective down-regulation of p-PLK1, p-PTEN and p-AKT and superior apoptotic activity to free Vol in MV-4-11 leukemic cells. Intravenous injection of TPVol gave 6-fold higher AUC than free Vol and notable accumulation in AML-residing bone marrow. The efficacy studies in orthotopic MV-4-11 leukemic model demonstrated that TPVol significantly reduced leukemic cell proportions in periphery blood, bone marrow, liver and spleen, effectively enhanced mouse survival rate, and impeded bone loss. This transferrin-guided nano-delivery of molecular targeted drugs appears to be an interesting strategy towards the development of novel treatments for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Xia
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Jingnan An
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, PR China
| | - Wenxing Gu
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Songsong Zhao
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Cenzhu Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
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9
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PARP Inhibitors and Proteins Interacting with SLX4. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030997. [PMID: 36765954 PMCID: PMC9913592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors are small molecules currently used with success in the treatment of certain cancer patients. Their action was first shown to be specific to cells with DNA repair deficiencies, such as BRCA-mutant cancers. However, recent work has suggested clinical interest of these drugs beyond this group of patients. Preclinical data on relationships between the activity of PARP inhibitors and other proteins involved in DNA repair exist, and this review will only highlight findings on the SLX4 protein and its interacting protein partners. As suggested from these available data and depending on further validations, new treatment strategies could be developed in order to broaden the use for PARP inhibitors in cancer patients.
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10
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Liu B, Meng LB, Su JZ, Fan B, Zhao SB, Wang HY, Li T, Wang TY, Zhang AL, Ni XC. PLK1 as one novel target for the poor prognosis of bladder cancer: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30723. [PMID: 36181054 PMCID: PMC9524886 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common male malignant tumors and the most common urological tumor. However, the molecular mechanism and role of PLK1 on bladder cancer were unclear. Therefore, the study aims to explore the potential part of the overall survival of bladder cancer through bioinformatics analysis. GSE121711 and GSE130598, from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The GEO2R screened differently expressed genes, and DAVID and Metascape were used for functional annotation. The cytoHubba made hub genes identification and expression. A total of 50 BC participants were recruited. After surgery, 50 BC tumor samples from BC patients and 50 adjacent standard bladder tissue samples were obtained. The RT-qPCR assay was performed to verify the expression of hub genes. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter analyzed the effect of hub gene expression for overall survival of BC. The compulsory module of Molecular Complex Detection tool analysis was shown, which included CDK1, TTK, AURKB, MELK, PLK1, and BUB1. And the six hub genes were up-regulated in the BC compared with the normal tissues. The relative expression levels of CDK1, TTK, AURKB, MELK, PLK1, and BUB1 were significantly higher in BC samples compared with the regular kidney tissue groups. The result demonstrated that CDK1, TTK, AURKB, MELK, PLK1, and BUB1 might be considered biomarkers for BC. Overall survival analysis showed that BC patients with high expression level of PLK1 had poorer overall survival times than those with low expression level (P < .05). The expression levels of CDK1, TTK, AURKB, MELK, and BUB1 was not related to the overall survival of BC patients (P > .05). The PLK1 gene might provide new ideas and evidence for bladder cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bing Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Su
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Bin Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yi Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Li Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- *Correspondence: Ai-Li Zhang, Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, P. R. China (e-mail: )
| | - Xiao-Chen Ni
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
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11
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Chiappa M, Petrella S, Damia G, Broggini M, Guffanti F, Ricci F. Present and Future Perspective on PLK1 Inhibition in Cancer Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:903016. [PMID: 35719948 PMCID: PMC9201472 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.903016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is the principle member of the well conserved serine/threonine kinase family. PLK1 has a key role in the progression of mitosis and recent evidence suggest its important involvement in regulating the G2/M checkpoint, in DNA damage and replication stress response, and in cell death pathways. PLK1 expression is tightly spatially and temporally regulated to ensure its nuclear activation at the late S-phase, until the peak of expression at the G2/M-phase. Recently, new roles of PLK1 have been reported in literature on its implication in the regulation of inflammation and immunological responses. All these biological processes are altered in tumors and, considering that PLK1 is often found overexpressed in several tumor types, its targeting has emerged as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. In this review, we will summarize the evidence suggesting the role of PLK1 in response to DNA damage, including DNA repair, cell cycle progression, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell death pathways and cancer-related immunity. An update of PLK1 inhibitors currently investigated in preclinical and clinical studies, in monotherapy and in combination with existing chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted therapies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Chiappa
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Petrella
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Broggini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Guffanti
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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12
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Mao F, Kong Y, Liu J, Rao X, Li C, Donahue K, Zhang Y, Jones K, Zhang Q, Xu W, Liu X. Diptoindonesin G antagonizes AR signaling and enhances the efficacy of antiandrogen therapy in prostate cancer. Prostate 2022; 82:917-932. [PMID: 35322879 PMCID: PMC9035130 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway has been well demonstrated to play a crucial role in the development, progression, and drug resistance of prostate cancer. Although the current anti-androgen therapy could significantly benefit prostate cancer patients initially, the efficacy of the single drug usually lasts for a relatively short period, as drug resistance quickly emerges. METHODS We have performed an unbiased bioinformatics analysis using the RNA-seq results in 22Rv1 cells to identify the cell response toward Dip G treatment. The RNA-seq results were validated by qRT-PCR. Protein levels were detected by western blot or staining. Cell viability was measured by Aquabluer and colony formation assay. RESULTS Here, we identified that Diptoindonesin G (Dip G), a natural extracted compound, could promote the proteasome degradation of AR and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) through modulating the activation of CHIP E3 ligase. Administration of Dip G has shown a profound efficiency in the suppression of AR and PLK1, not only in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells but also in castration-resistant and enzalutamide-resistant cells in a CHIP-dependent manner. Through co-targeting the AR signaling, Dip G robustly improved the efficacy of HSP90 inhibitors and enzalutamide in both human prostate cancer cells and in vivo xenograft mouse model. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that Dip G-mediated AR degradation would be a promising and valuable therapeutic strategy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Mao
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Yifan Kong
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Jinghui Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Xiongjian Rao
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Chaohao Li
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Kristine Donahue
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yanquan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Katelyn Jones
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Qiongsi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA. Tel: (859) 562-2006;
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13
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Ganapathy K, Ngo C, Andl T, Coppola D, Park J, Chakrabarti R. Anti-cancer function of microRNA-30e is mediated by negative regulation of HELLPAR, a noncoding macroRNA, and genes involved in ubiquitination and cell cycle progression in prostate cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2936-2958. [PMID: 35612714 PMCID: PMC9394257 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) progression relies on androgen receptor (AR) function, making AR a top candidate for PCa therapy. However, development of drug resistance is common, which eventually leads to development of castration‐resistant PCa. This warrants a better understanding of the pathophysiology of PCa that facilitates the aberrant activation of key signaling pathways including AR. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as regulators of cancer progression as they modulate various cellular processes. Here, we demonstrate a multidimensional function of miR‐30e through the regulation of genes involved in various signaling pathways. We noted loss of miR‐30e expression in prostate tumors, which, when restored, led to cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, improved drug sensitivity of PCa cells and reduced tumor progression in xenograft models. We show that experimental upregulation of miR‐30e reduces expression of mRNAs including AR, FBXO45, SRSF7 and MYBL2 and a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HELLPAR, which are involved in cell cycle, apoptosis and ubiquitination, and the effects could be rescued by inhibition of miR‐30e expression. RNA immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed direct interactions between miR‐30e and its RNA targets. We noted a newly identified reciprocal relationship between miR‐30e and HELLPAR, as inhibition of HELLPAR improved stabilization of miR‐30e. Transcriptome profiling and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) validation of miR‐30e‐expressing PCa cells showed differential expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and ubiquitination, which supports our in vitro study. This study demonstrates an integrated function of miR‐30e on dysregulation of miRNA/lncRNA/mRNA axes that may have diagnostic and therapeutic significance in aggressive PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Ganapathy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Florida Digestive Health Specialists, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Jong Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ratna Chakrabarti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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14
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Lombard AP, Armstrong CM, D'Abronzo LS, Ning S, Leslie AR, Sharifi M, Lou W, Evans CP, Dall'Era M, Chen HW, Chen X, Gao AC. Olaparib-Induced Senescence Is Bypassed through G2-M Checkpoint Override in Olaparib-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:677-685. [PMID: 35086956 PMCID: PMC8983570 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PARP inhibition represents the dawn of precision medicine for treating prostate cancer. Despite this advance, questions remain regarding the use of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) for the treatment of this disease, including (i) how specifically do PARPi-sensitive tumor cells respond to treatment, and (ii) how does PARPi resistance develop? To address these questions, we characterized response to olaparib in sensitive LNCaP and C4-2B cells and developed two olaparib-resistant derivative cell line models from each, termed LN-OlapR and 2B-OlapR, respectively. OlapR cells possess distinct morphology from parental cells and display robust resistance to olaparib and other clinically relevant PARPis, including rucaparib, niraparib, and talazoparib. In LNCaP and C4-2B cells, we found that olaparib induces massive DNA damage, leading to activation of the G2-M checkpoint, activation of p53, and cell-cycle arrest. Furthermore, our data suggest that G2-M checkpoint activation leads to both cell death and senescence associated with p21 activity. In contrast, both LN-OlapR and 2B-OlapR cells do not arrest at G2-M and display a markedly blunted response to olaparib treatment. Interestingly, both OlapR cell lines harbor increased DNA damage relative to parental cells, suggesting that OlapR cells accumulate and manage persistent DNA damage during acquisition of resistance, likely through augmenting DNA repair capacity. Further impairing DNA repair through CDK1 inhibition enhances DNA damage, induces cell death, and sensitizes OlapR cells to olaparib treatment. Our data together further our understanding of PARPi treatment and provide a cellular platform system for the study of response and resistance to PARP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P Lombard
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Cameron M Armstrong
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Leandro S D'Abronzo
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Shu Ning
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Amy R Leslie
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Masuda Sharifi
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Wei Lou
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Christopher P Evans
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Marc Dall'Era
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Hong-Wu Chen
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, California
| | - Xinbin Chen
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Allen C Gao
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, California
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15
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Zhong S, Peng S, Chen Z, Chen Z, Luo JL. Choosing Kinase Inhibitors for Androgen Deprivation Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:498. [PMID: 35335873 PMCID: PMC8950316 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a systemic therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Although most patients initially respond to ADT, almost all cancers eventually develop castration resistance. Castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is associated with a very poor prognosis, and the treatment of which is a serious clinical challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that abnormal expression and activation of various kinases are associated with the emergence and maintenance of CRPC. Many efforts have been made to develop small molecule inhibitors to target the key kinases in CRPC. These inhibitors are designed to suppress the kinase activity or interrupt kinase-mediated signal pathways that are associated with PCa androgen-independent (AI) growth and CRPC development. In this review, we briefly summarize the roles of the kinases that are abnormally expressed and/or activated in CRPC and the recent advances in the development of small molecule inhibitors that target kinases for the treatment of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
| | - Zihua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
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16
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Su S, Chhabra G, Singh CK, Ndiaye MA, Ahmad N. PLK1 inhibition-based combination therapies for cancer management. Transl Oncol 2022; 16:101332. [PMID: 34973570 PMCID: PMC8728518 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase I (PLK1), a cell cycle regulating kinase, has been shown to have oncogenic function in several cancers. Although PLK1 inhibitors, such as BI2536, BI6727 (volasertib) and NMS-1286937 (onvansertib) are generally well-tolerated with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, clinical successes are limited due to partial responses in cancer patients, especially those in advanced stages. Recently, combination therapies targeting multiple pathways are being tested for cancer management. In this review, we first discuss structure and function of PLK1, role of PLK1 in cancers, PLK1 specific inhibitors, and advantages of using combination therapy versus monotherapy followed by a critical account on PLK1-based combination therapies in cancer treatments, especially highlighting recent advancements and challenges. PLK1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy drugs and targeted small molecules have shown superior effects against cancer both in vitro and in vivo. PLK1-based combination therapies have shown increased apoptosis, disrupted cell cycle, and potential to overcome resistance in cancer cells/tissues over monotherapies. Further, with successes in preclinical experiments, researchers are validating such approaches in clinical trials. Although PLK1-based combination therapies have achieved initial success in clinical studies, there are examples where they have failed to improve patient survival. Therefore, further research is needed to identify and validate novel biologically informed co-targets for PLK1-based combinatorial therapies. Employing a network-based analysis, we identified potential PLK1 co-targets that could be examined further. In addition, understanding the mechanisms of synergism between PLK1 inhibitors and other agents may lead to a better approach on which agents to pair with PLK1 inhibition for optimum cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Su
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Chandra K Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mary A Ndiaye
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7045, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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17
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Chen YX, Tan LM, Gong JP, Huang MS, Yin JY, Zhang W, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ. Response prediction biomarkers and drug combinations of PARP inhibitors in prostate cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1970-1980. [PMID: 33589795 PMCID: PMC8632930 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors are a group of inhibitors targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP1 or PARP2) involved in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, which may induce synthetic lethality in BRCAness tumors. Systematic analyzes of genomic sequencing in prostate cancer show that ~10%-19% of patients with primary prostate cancer have inactivated DNA repair genes, with a notably higher proportion of 23%-27% in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). These characteristic genomic alterations confer possible vulnerability to PARP inhibitors in patients with mCRPC who benefit only modestly from other therapies. However, only a small proportion of patients with mCRPC shows sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, and these sensitive patients cannot be fully identified by existing response prediction biomarkers. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential response prediction biomarkers and synergistic combinations studied in the preclinical and clinical stages, which may expand the population of patients with prostate cancer who may benefit from PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Li-Ming Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Huaihua City, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Jian-Ping Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Huaihua City, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Ma-Sha Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ji-Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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18
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Wang YC, Tian ZB, Tang XQ. Bioinformatics screening of biomarkers related to liver cancer. BMC Bioinformatics 2021; 22:521. [PMID: 34696748 PMCID: PMC8543826 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-04411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor in China, with high mortality. Its occurrence and development were thoroughly studied by high-throughput expression microarray, which produced abundant data on gene expression, mRNA quantification and the clinical data of liver cancer. However, the hub genes, which can be served as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of early liver cancer, are not well screened. Results Here we present a new method for getting 6 key genes, aiming to diagnose and treat the early liver cancer. We firstly analyzed the different expression microarrays based on TCGA database, and a total of 1564 differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 1400 were up-regulated and 164 were down-regulated. Furthermore, these differentially expressed genes were studied by using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, a PPI network was constructed based on the STRING database, and 15 hub genes were obtained. Finally, 15 hub genes were verified by applying the survival analysis method on Oncomine database, and 6 key genes were ultimately identified, including PLK1, CDC20, CCNB2, BUB1, MAD2L1 and CCNA2. The robustness analysis of four independent data sets verifies the accuracy of the key gene’s classification of the data set. Conclusions Although there are complicated differences between cancer and normal cells in gene functions, cancer cells could be differentiated in case that a group of special genes expresses abnormally. Here we presented a new method to identify the 6 key genes for diagnosis and treatment of early liver cancer, and these key genes can help us understand the pathogenesis of liver cancer more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Cheng Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Tian
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xu-Qing Tang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,Wuxi Engineering Research Center for Biocomputing, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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19
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Wang L, Pan S, Zhu B, Yu Z, Wang W. Comprehensive analysis of tumour mutational burden and its clinical significance in prostate cancer. BMC Urol 2021; 21:29. [PMID: 33632199 PMCID: PMC7905899 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumorigenesis of prostate cancer involves genetic mutations. Tumour mutational burden (TMB) is an emerging biomarker for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy. RESULTS Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were the most common variant type, and C>T transversion was the most commonly presented type of single-nucleotide variant. The high-TMB group had lower overall survival (OS) than the low-TMB group. TMB was associated with age, T stage and N stage. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that they are involved in pathways related to the terms spindle, chromosomal region, nuclear division, chromosome segregation, cell cycle, oocyte meiosis and other terms associated with DNA mutation and cell proliferation. Six hub genes, PLK1, KIF2C, MELK, EXO1, CEP55 and CDK1, were identified. All the genes were associated with disease-free survival, and CEP55 and CDK1 were associated with OS. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the significance of TMB and DEGs and infiltrating immune cells related to TMB, which provides helpful information for exploring the significance of TMB in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shucheng Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenliang Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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20
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Dufies M, Verbiest A, Cooley LS, Ndiaye PD, He X, Nottet N, Souleyreau W, Hagege A, Torrino S, Parola J, Giuliano S, Borchiellini D, Schiappa R, Mograbi B, Zucman-Rossi J, Bensalah K, Ravaud A, Auberger P, Bikfalvi A, Chamorey E, Rioux-Leclercq N, Mazure NM, Beuselinck B, Cao Y, Bernhard JC, Ambrosetti D, Pagès G. Plk1, upregulated by HIF-2, mediates metastasis and drug resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Commun Biol 2021; 4:166. [PMID: 33547392 PMCID: PMC7865059 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) expression is inversely correlated with survival advantages in many cancers. However, molecular mechanisms that underlie Plk1 expression are poorly understood. Here, we uncover a hypoxia-regulated mechanism of Plk1-mediated cancer metastasis and drug resistance. We demonstrated that a HIF-2-dependent regulatory pathway drives Plk1 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Mechanistically, HIF-2 transcriptionally targets the hypoxia response element of the Plk1 promoter. In ccRCC patients, high expression of Plk1 was correlated to poor disease-free survival and overall survival. Loss-of-function of Plk1 in vivo markedly attenuated ccRCC growth and metastasis. High Plk1 expression conferred a resistant phenotype of ccRCC to targeted therapeutics such as sunitinib, in vitro, in vivo, and in metastatic ccRCC patients. Importantly, high Plk1 expression was defined in a subpopulation of ccRCC patients that are refractory to current therapies. Hence, we propose a therapeutic paradigm for improving outcomes of ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeva Dufies
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Biomedical Department, 8 quai Antoine Premier, 98 000, Monaco, Monaco.
- LIA ROPSE, Laboratoire International Associé Université Côte d'Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Nice, France.
| | - Annelies Verbiest
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Papa Diogop Ndiaye
- LIA ROPSE, Laboratoire International Associé Université Côte d'Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Nice, France
- University Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284; INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Nottet
- University Côte d'Azur, C3M, Inserm U1065, 06204, Nice, France
| | | | - Anais Hagege
- LIA ROPSE, Laboratoire International Associé Université Côte d'Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Nice, France
- University Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284; INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France
| | - Stephanie Torrino
- University Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR7275, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Julien Parola
- LIA ROPSE, Laboratoire International Associé Université Côte d'Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Nice, France
- University Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284; INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- LIA ROPSE, Laboratoire International Associé Université Côte d'Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Nice, France
- University Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284; INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Baharia Mograbi
- University Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284; INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, UMR-1138, Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, IUH, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Karim Bensalah
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Pontchaillou Rennes, service d'urologie, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Ravaud
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, service d'oncologie médicale, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Benoit Beuselinck
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Damien Ambrosetti
- University Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Central laboratory of Pathology, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Biomedical Department, 8 quai Antoine Premier, 98 000, Monaco, Monaco.
- LIA ROPSE, Laboratoire International Associé Université Côte d'Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Nice, France.
- University Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284; INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189, Nice, France.
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21
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Immune-related biomarker risk score predicts prognosis in prostate cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22776-22793. [PMID: 33197890 PMCID: PMC7746334 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we constructed a model using a Cox proportional hazards model based on the expression of eight immune-related genes that were associated with prognosis in prostate cancer: EDNRB, ANGPTL2, TNFSF15, TNFRSF10D, EDN2, BMP2, NLRP14, and PLK1. We then identified associations between risk scores calculated with the model, tumor microenvironment characteristics, and immune cell infiltration. Prostate cancer patients in the high score group had poorer prognoses, and validation with the external GSE54460 dataset confirmed that the scoring model predicted biochemical recurrence with AUC values of 0.749 at 1 year, 0.804 at 3 years, and 0.774 at 5 years. Proportions of infiltrated M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells were increased in the high risk group, while CD8+ T cells were increased in the low risk group. Network analysis revealed that PLK1 may be a key regulator of the immune-suppressive microenvironment in prostate cancer. Double immunofluorescence labeling of a prostate cancer tissue microarray indicated that PLK1 expression correlated positively with numbers of infiltrating macrophages. These results indicate that an immune- related, gene-based risk score effectively reflects immune microenvironment characteristics and predicts prognosis in prostate cancer.
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22
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Lui GYL, Shaw R, Schaub FX, Stork IN, Gurley KE, Bridgwater C, Diaz RL, Rosati R, Swan HA, Ince TA, Harding TC, Gadi VK, Goff BA, Kemp CJ, Swisher EM, Grandori C. BET, SRC, and BCL2 family inhibitors are synergistic drug combinations with PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer. EBioMedicine 2020; 60:102988. [PMID: 32927276 PMCID: PMC7494677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homologous recombination deficiencies (HRD) are present in approximately half of epithelial ovarian cancers, for which PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are becoming a preferred treatment option. However, a considerable proportion of these carcinomas acquire resistance or harbour de novo resistance, posing a significant challenge to treatment. METHODS To identify new combinatorial therapeutics to overcome resistance to PARPi, we employed high-throughput conditional RNAi and drug screening of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells. To prioritise clinically relevant drug combinations, we integrated empirical validation with analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) datasets to nominate candidate targets and drugs, reaching three main findings. FINDINGS Firstly, we found that the PARPi rucaparib enhanced the effect of BET inhibitors (CPI-203 & CPI-0610) irrespective of clinical subtype or HRD status. Additional drug combination screens identified that dasatinib, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, augmented the effects of rucaparib and BET inhibitors, proposing a potential broadly applicable triple-drug combination for high-grade serous and clear cell ovarian carcinomas. Secondly, rucaparib synergised with the BCL2 family inhibitor navitoclax, with preferential activity in ovarian carcinomas that harbour alterations in BRCA1/2, BARD1, or MSH2/6. Thirdly, we identified potentially antagonistic drug combinations between the PARPi rucaparib and vinca alkaloids, anthracyclines, and antimetabolites, cautioning their use in the clinic. INTERPRETATION These findings propose therapeutic strategies to address PARP inhibitor resistance using agents that are already approved or are in clinical development, with the potential for rapid translation to benefit a broad population of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goldie Y L Lui
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Reid Shaw
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Cure First, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Franz X Schaub
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Cure First, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Isabella N Stork
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kay E Gurley
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Rachele Rosati
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Cure First, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Tan A Ince
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA & New York Presbyterian-Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Vijayakrishna K Gadi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara A Goff
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Swisher
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carla Grandori
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Cure First, Seattle, WA, USA.
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23
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Vydzhak O, Bender K, Klermund J, Busch A, Reimann S, Luke B. Checkpoint adaptation in recombination-deficient cells drives aneuploidy and resistance to genotoxic agents. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 95:102939. [PMID: 32777450 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human cancers frequently harbour mutations in DNA repair genes, rendering the use of DNA damaging agents as an effective therapeutic intervention. As therapy-resistant cells often arise, it is important to better understand the molecular pathways that drive resistance in order to facilitate the eventual targeting of such processes. We employ recombination-defective diploid yeast as a model to demonstrate that, in response to genotoxic challenges, nearly all cells eventually undergo checkpoint adaptation, resulting in the generation of aneuploid cells with whole chromosome losses that have acquired resistance to the initial genotoxic challenge. We demonstrate that adaptation inhibition, either pharmacologically, or genetically, drastically reduces the occurrence of resistant cells. Additionally, the aneuploid phenotypes of the resistant cells can be specifically targeted to induce cytotoxicity. We provide evidence that TORC1 inhibition with rapamycin, in combination with DNA damaging agents, can prevent both checkpoint adaptation and the continued growth of aneuploid resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vydzhak
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Bender
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Julia Klermund
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Anke Busch
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Stefanie Reimann
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Brian Luke
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
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24
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Liang X, Hu K, Li D, Wang Y, Liu M, Wang X, Zhu W, Wang X, Yang Z, Lu J. Identification of Core Genes and Potential Drugs for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:836-847. [PMID: 32101033 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- School of Management, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kebang Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wanying Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zixuan Yang
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Ji Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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25
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Zhu J, Cui K, Cui Y, Ma C, Zhang Z. PLK1 Knockdown Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Cell Apoptosis, and PLK1 Is Negatively Regulated by miR-4779 in Osteosarcoma Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:747-755. [PMID: 32182129 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine protein kinase. It is reported to be involved in the occurrence and progression of various human cancers. In the present study, we explored the role and molecular mechanism of PLK1 in the proliferation of osteosarcoma (OS) cells. We found that PLK1 expression was higher in MG63/Dox cells than in MG63 cells, while inhibiting or interfering with the level of PLK1 suppressed cell proliferation of MG63/Dox cells. TargetScan analysis predicted that miR-4779 would interact with the 3'-UTR of PLK1 mRNAs and also inhibit cell autophagy of MG63/Dox cells. The data demonstrated that miR-4779 negatively regulates the expression of PLK1, and both miR-4779 and PLK1 regulate cell proliferation and cell apoptosis of MG63/Dox cells, processes that are involved in the drug resistance of OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengbin Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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26
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Lombard AP, Gao AC. Resistance Mechanisms to Taxanes and PARP Inhibitors in Advanced Prostate Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 10:16-22. [PMID: 32258820 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The clinical landscape concerning advanced prostate cancer is rapidly changing and reaching beyond androgen deprivation therapy and androgen receptor targeted therapies. Taxane chemotherapy is a critical tool in the management of advanced prostate cancer. Additionally, novel drug classes such as PARP inhibitors are being investigated. Despite tremendous progress, resistance to therapy remains as a major impediment to further improvement. Resistance mechanisms appear diverse and are not fully known or understood. This review will highlight recent advances in research regarding mechanisms of resistance to both taxanes (such as increased drug efflux capacity) and PARP inhibitors (such as reversion mutations which restore DNA-repair proficiency). Understanding resistance to therapy promises to remove barriers blocking progress toward improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P Lombard
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allen C Gao
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System Sacramento, CA, USA
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27
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Ueda A, Oikawa K, Fujita K, Ishikawa A, Sato E, Ishikawa T, Kuroda M, Kanekura K. Therapeutic potential of PLK1 inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1275-1286. [PMID: 30996295 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is responsible for significant number of breast cancer-associated deaths because of lacking of successful molecular-targeted therapy. To explore a therapeutic target for TNBC, we performed a siRNA-mediated knockdown screening and identified Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC. Knockdown of PLK1 as well as a small compound inhibitor for PLK1, BI-2536, induced G2/M arrest and created polyploid cell population, shown by increased DNA content and nuclear size. Inhibition of PLK1 eventually triggered apoptosis in multiple TNBC cell lines. In addition, we confirmed that PLK1 was significantly overexpressed in the tissues from TNBC patients compared with the tissues of normal mammary glands and benign breast tumors. Our data indicated that PLK1 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mitosis of TNBC cells. Although future in vivo studies are warranted, targeting PLK1 by a selective inhibitor such as BI-2536 can be an attractive molecular-targeted therapy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Ueda
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Keiki Oikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Akio Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sato
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Kohsuke Kanekura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
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28
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Byrum AK, Vindigni A, Mosammaparast N. Defining and Modulating 'BRCAness'. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:740-751. [PMID: 31362850 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of 'BRCAness' defines the pathogenesis and vulnerability of multiple cancers. The canonical definition of BRCAness is a defect in homologous recombination repair, mimicking BRCA1 or BRCA2 loss. In turn, BRCA-deficient cells utilize error-prone DNA-repair pathways, causing increased genomic instability, which may be responsible for their sensitivity to DNA damaging agents and poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis). However, recent work has expanded the mechanistic basis of BRCAness, to include defects in replication fork protection (RFP). Here, we broaden the definition of BRCAness to include RFP and regulatory mechanisms that cause synthetic lethality with PARPis. We highlight these recent discoveries, which include mechanisms of RFP regulation, DNA damage checkpoint proteins, as well as kinases that regulate BRCA1/2 function. Importantly, many of these emerging mechanisms may be targeted for inhibition with small molecule inhibitors, thus inducing BRCAness in a much larger subset of BRCA-proficient tumors, with significant translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Byrum
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Nima Mosammaparast
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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29
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Carbajosa S, Pansa MF, Paviolo NS, Castellaro AM, Andino DL, Nigra AD, García IA, Racca AC, Rodriguez-Berdini L, Angiolini V, Guantay L, Villafañez F, Federico MB, Rodríguez-Baili MC, Caputto BL, Drewes G, Madauss KP, Gloger I, Fernandez E, Gil GA, Bocco JL, Gottifredi V, Soria G. Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibition as a Therapeutic Approach to Selectively Target BRCA1-Deficient Cancer Cells by Synthetic Lethality Induction. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4049-4062. [PMID: 30890549 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE BRCA1 and BRCA2 deficiencies are widespread drivers of human cancers that await the development of targeted therapies. We aimed to identify novel synthetic lethal relationships with therapeutic potential using BRCA-deficient isogenic backgrounds. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We developed a phenotypic screening technology to simultaneously search for synthetic lethal (SL) interactions in BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient contexts. For validation, we developed chimeric spheroids and a dual-tumor xenograft model that allowed the confirmation of SL induction with the concomitant evaluation of undesired cytotoxicity on BRCA-proficient cells. To extend our results using clinical data, we performed retrospective analysis on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer database. RESULTS The screening of a kinase inhibitors library revealed that Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibition triggers strong SL induction in BRCA1-deficient cells. Mechanistically, we found no connection between the SL induced by PLK1 inhibition and PARP inhibitors. Instead, we uncovered that BRCA1 downregulation and PLK1 inhibition lead to aberrant mitotic phenotypes with altered centrosomal duplication and cytokinesis, which severely reduced the clonogenic potential of these cells. The penetrance of PLK1/BRCA1 SL interaction was validated using several isogenic and nonisogenic cellular models, chimeric spheroids, and mice xenografts. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis revealed high-PLK1 expression in BRCA1-deficient tumors, a phenotype that was consistently recapitulated by inducing BRCA1 deficiency in multiple cell lines as well as in BRCA1-mutant cells. CONCLUSIONS We uncovered an unforeseen addiction of BRCA1-deficient cancer cells to PLK1 expression, which provides a new means to exploit the therapeutic potential of PLK1 inhibitors in clinical trials, by generating stratification schemes that consider this molecular trait in patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Carbajosa
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Pansa
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Andrés M Castellaro
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Diego L Andino
- CIDIE-CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ayelén D Nigra
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Iris Alejandra García
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana C Racca
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucía Rodriguez-Berdini
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia Angiolini
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Guantay
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Florencia Villafañez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - María Celeste Rodríguez-Baili
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Beatriz L Caputto
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Kevin P Madauss
- GlaxoSmithKline-Trust in Science, Global Health R&D, Upper Providence, Pennsylvania
| | - Israel Gloger
- GlaxoSmithKline-Trust in Science, Global Health R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Elmer Fernandez
- CIDIE-CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Germán A Gil
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José Luis Bocco
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Gastón Soria
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CIBICI-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Ergul M, Bakar-Ates F. RO3280: A Novel PLK1 Inhibitor, Suppressed the Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Through the Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest at G2/M Point. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1846-1854. [PMID: 31244432 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190618162828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a member of serine/threonine-protein kinase, Polo.like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays crucial roles during mitosis and also contributes to DNA damage response and repair. PLK1 is aberrantly expressed in many types of tumor cells and increased levels of PLK1 are closely related to tumorigenesis and poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, PLK1 is accepted as one of the potential targets for the discovery of novel anticancer agents. The objective of this study was to assess the cytotoxic effects of a novel PLK1 inhibitor, RO3280, against MCF-7, human breast cancer cells; HepG2, human hepatocellular carcinoma cells; and PC3, human prostate cancer cells, as well as non-cancerous L929 fibroblast cells. METHODS Antiproliferative activity of RO3280 was examined using the XTT assay. Flow cytometry assay was performed to evaluate cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, multicaspase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA damage response. Apoptosis with fluorescence imaging studies was also examined. RESULTS According to the results of XTT assay, although RO3280 displayed potent cytotoxicity in all treated cancer cells, the most sensitive cell line was identified as MCF-7 cells that were selected for further studies. The compound induced a cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells at G2/M phase and significantly induced apoptosis, multicaspase activity, DNA damage response, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION Overall, RO3280 induces anticancer effects promoted mainly by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Further studies are needed to assess its usability as an anticancer agent with specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ergul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Filiz Bakar-Ates
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Li R, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Chen X, Yu X, Ma J, Huang X. Cyclin B2 Overexpression in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma is Associated with Poor Prognosis. Arch Med Res 2019; 50:10-17. [PMID: 31101236 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) has been reported to be highly expressed in a few malignancies. However, the biological function of CCNB2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of CCNB2 in HCC. METHODS The expression of CCNB2 in HCC and normal liver tissues and connection of its expression with prognosis and clinical parameters were studied. The effect of knocking down CCNB2 on cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were estimated in BEL-7404 cells. RESULTS Compared to normal liver tissues, the level of CCNB2 was higher in HCC tissues from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). The 5 year overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients with high CCNB2 levels were shorter than that of those with low CCNB2 levels. Immunohistochemistry analysis also discovered the expression differences of CCNB2 in HCC and normal liver tissues and showed that CCNB2 expression was significantly associated with tumor number, tumor size, tumor thrombus, and alanine aminotransferase level. CCNB2 expression was higher in HCC cell lines (BEL-7404, Hep3B, BEL-7402, and SMMC-7721) than that in the normal hepatic cell line (HL-7702). Knockdown of CCNB2 inhibited cell proliferation and migration, promoted cell apoptosis, and caused S phase arrest in BEL-7404 cells. Finally, CCNB2 was associated with Polo Like Kinase 1 (PLK1) in the GEPIA database and BEL-7404 cells. CONCLUSIONS CCNB2 may serve as a prognostic factor and participated in the development and progression and promote cell proliferation and migration through CCNB2/PLK1 pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Xuemei Jiang
- Department of gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yingai Zhang
- Center Laboratory, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Shunlan Wang
- Center Laboratory, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Xijie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Xiangnan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamei Ma
- Department of gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China.
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Fenerty KE, Padget M, Wolfson B, Gameiro SR, Su Z, Lee JH, Rabizadeh S, Soon-Shiong P, Hodge JW. Immunotherapy utilizing the combination of natural killer- and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating agents with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition. J Immunother Cancer 2018; 6:133. [PMID: 30486888 PMCID: PMC6264611 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) prevent single-stranded DNA repair. Olaparib is a PARPi approved for the treatment of BRCA mutant ovarian and breast carcinoma. Emerging clinical data suggest a benefit of combining olaparib with immunotherapy in prostate cancer patients both with and without somatic BRCA mutations. Methods We examined if olaparib, when combined with IgG1 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cetuximab (anti-EGFR), or avelumab (anti-PD-L1), would increase tumor cell sensitivity to killing by natural killer (NK) cells independently of BRCA status or mAb target upregulation. BRCA mutant and BRCA wildtype (WT) prostate carcinoma cell lines were pretreated with olaparib and then exposed to NK cells in the presence or absence of cetuximab or avelumab. Results NK-mediated killing was significantly increased in both cell lines and was further increased using the ADCC-mediating mAbs. Pre-exposure of NK cells to recombinant IL-15/IL-15Rα further increased the lysis of olaparib treated tumor cells. In addition, olaparib treated tumor cells were killed to a significantly greater degree by engineered high-affinity NK cells (haNK). We show here for the first time that (a) olaparib significantly increased tumor cell sensitivity to NK killing and ADCC in both BRCA WT and BRCA mutant prostate carcinoma cells, independent of PD-L1 or EGFR modulation; (b) mechanistically, treatment with olaparib upregulated death receptor TRAIL-R2; and (c) olaparib significantly enhanced NK killing of additional tumor types, including breast, non-small cell lung carcinoma, and chordoma. Conclusions These studies support the combined use of NK- and ADCC-mediating agents with correctly timed PARP inhibition. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40425-018-0445-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Fenerty
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michelle Padget
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Wolfson
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sofia R Gameiro
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhen Su
- EMD Serono, Billerica, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - James W Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Relevance of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in prostate cancer. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2018; 12:339-343. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Lin X, Chen D, Zhang C, Zhang X, Li Z, Dong B, Gao J, Shen L. Augmented antitumor activity by olaparib plus AZD1775 in gastric cancer through disrupting DNA damage repair pathways and DNA damage checkpoint. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:129. [PMID: 29954437 PMCID: PMC6027790 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0790-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) has been recently identified as a promising option against gastric cancer (GC). However, PARP inhibitors alone achieve limited efficacy. Combination strategies, especially with homologous recombination (HR) impairment, are of great hope to optimize PARP inhibitor's efficacy and expand target populations but remains largely unknown. Herein, we investigated whether a WEE1/ Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) dual inhibitor AZD1775 reported to impair HR augmented anticancer activity of a PARP inhibitor olaparib and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS GC cell lines and in vivo xenografts were employed to determine antitumor activity of PARP inhibitor combined with WEE1/PLK1 dual inhibitor AZD1775. Western blot, genetic knockdown by siRNA, flow cytometry, Immunohistochemistry were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS AZD1775 dually targeting WEE1/PLK1 enhanced effects of olaparib on growth inhibition and apoptotic induction in GC cells. Mechanistic investigations elucidate that WEE1/PLK1 blockade downregulated several HR-related proteins and caused an accumulation in γH2AX. As confirmed in both GC cell lines and mice bearing GC xenografts, these effects were enhanced by AZD1775-olaparib combination compared to olaparib alone, suggesting that disrupting HR-mediated DNA damage repairs (DDR) by WEE1/PLK1 blockade might be responsible for improved GC cells' response to PARP inhibitors. Given the DNA damage checkpoint as a primary target of WEE1 inhibition, our data also demonstrate that AZD1775 abrogated olaparib-activated DNA damage checkpoint through CDC2 de-phosphorylation, followed by mitotic progression with unrepaired DNA damage (marked by increased pHH3-stained and γH2AX-stained cells, respectively). CONCLUSIONS PARP inhibitor olaparib combined with WEE1/PLK1 dual inhibitor AZD1775 elicited potentiated anticancer activity through disrupting DDR signaling and the DNA damage checkpoint. It sheds light on the combination strategy of WEE1/PLK1 dual inhibitors with PARP inhibitors in the treatment of GC, even in HR-proficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Dongshao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
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Li Z, Kong Y, Song L, Luo Q, Liu J, Shao C, Hou X, Liu X. Plk1-Mediated Phosphorylation of TSC1 Enhances the Efficacy of Rapamycin. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2864-2875. [PMID: 29559472 PMCID: PMC5984699 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The AKT/TSC/mTOR axis is an important pathway controlling cell growth, survival, and proliferation in response to extracellular cues. Recently, it was reported that AKT activity fluctuates across the cell cycle. However, it remains unclear whether downstream targets of AKT are also regulated by the cell cycle. Here, we report that mTORC1 activity inversely correlates with AKT activity during the cell cycle. Mechanistically, Plk1 phosphorylation of TSC1 at S467 and S578 interfered with TSC1/TSC2 binding, destabilized TSC1, promoted dissociation of the TSC complex from the lysosome, and eventually led to mTORC1 activation. Tumors derived from cancer cells expressing the TSC1-S467E/S578E mutant exhibited greater sensitivity to rapamycin than those expressing WT TSC1. Collectively, our data support a model in which Plk1, instead of AKT, regulates the TSC/mTORC1 pathway during mitosis, eventually regulating the efficacy of rapamycin.Significance: This seminal report shows that activation of mTORC1 can be independent of AKT during mitosis. Cancer Res; 78(11); 2864-75. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Yifan Kong
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Longzhen Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jinghui Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Xianzeng Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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MicroRNAs as potential therapeutics to enhance chemosensitivity in advanced prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7820. [PMID: 29777112 PMCID: PMC5959911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel and cabazitaxel are taxane chemotherapy treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, therapeutic resistance remains a major issue. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that can silence multiple genes, regulating several signalling pathways simultaneously. Therefore, synthetic microRNAs may have therapeutic potential in CRPC by regulating genes involved in taxane response and minimise compensatory mechanisms that cause taxane resistance. To identify microRNAs that can improve the efficacy of taxanes in CRPC, we performed a genome-wide screen of 1280 microRNAs in the CRPC cell lines PC3 and DU145 in combination with docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment. Mimics of miR-217 and miR-181b-5p enhanced apoptosis significantly in PC3 cells in the presence of these taxanes. These mimics downregulated at least a thousand different transcripts, which were enriched for genes with cell proliferation and focal adhesion functions. Individual knockdown of a selection of 46 genes representing these transcripts resulted in toxic or taxane sensitisation effects, indicating that these genes may be mediating the effects of the microRNA mimics. A range of these genes are expressed in CRPC metastases, suggesting that these microRNA mimics may be functional in CRPC. With further development, these microRNA mimics may have therapeutic potential to improve taxane response in CRPC patients.
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Vlachostergios PJ, Paddock M, Molina AM. Molecular Targeted Therapies of Prostate Cancer. MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY LIBRARY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64096-9_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Prognosis in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Who Received Cabazitaxel Chemotherapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7538647. [PMID: 28948170 PMCID: PMC5602619 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7538647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES An elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been suggested to be associated with a poor prognosis in several cancers. We evaluated the utility of an elevated NLR as a biomarker to predict the prognosis of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with cabazitaxel (CBZ). METHODS We analyzed 47 patients who received CBZ chemotherapy for mCRPC in our institutions. The NLR was calculated using the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts before CBZ chemotherapy. We determined the NLR cut-off value based on the sensitivity and specificity levels derived from area under the receiver operator characteristic curves for death. A multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the association between the NLR and the prognosis. RESULTS The median overall survival (OS) after CBZ was 10.0 months (range: 6.3-13.2). The median OS was shorter in patients with a high NLR (≥3.83) than in those with a low NLR (<3.83) (5.8 versus 13.2 months, p = 0.018). In the multivariate analysis, the NLR, patient age, and lymph node (LN) metastasis were independent predictors of the OS (hazard ratio 3.01, p = 0.030; hazard ratio 3.10, p = 0.029; hazard ratio 12.38, p = 0.001, resp.). CONCLUSIONS NLR might be a useful prognostic biomarker in mCRPC patients treated with CBZ.
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