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Kawabata-Iwakawa R, Iwasa N, Satoh K, Colinge J, Shimada M, Takeuchi S, Fujiwara H, Eguchi H, Oishi T, Sugiyama T, Suzuki M, Hasegawa K, Fujiwara K, Nishiyama M. Prediction of response to promising first-line chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients with residual peritoneal tumors: practical biomarkers and robust multiplex models. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:1334-1346. [PMID: 38767719 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum/taxane (TC) chemotherapy with debulking surgery stays the mainstay of the treatment in ovarian cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis, and recently its novel modality, intraperitoneal carboplatin with dose-dense paclitaxel (ddTCip), was shown to have greater therapeutic impact. Nevertheless, the response varies among patients and consequent recurrence, or relapse often occurs. Discovery of therapeutic response predictor to ddTCip and/or TC therapy is eagerly awaited to improve the treatment outcome. METHODS Using datasets in 76 participants in our ddTCip study and published databases on patients received TC therapy, we first validated a total of 75 previously suggested markers, sought out more active biomarkers through the association analyses of genome-wide transcriptome and genotyping data with progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse events, and then developed multiplex statistical prediction models for PFS and toxicity by mainly using multiple regression analysis and the classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm. RESULTS The association analyses revealed that SPINK1 could be a possible biomarker of ddTCip efficacy, while ABCB1 rs1045642 and ERCC1 rs11615 would be a predictor of hematologic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy, respectively. Multiple regression analyses and CART algorithm finally provided a potent efficacy prediction model using 5 gene expression data and robust multiplex toxicity prediction models-CART models using a total of 4 genotype combinations and multiple regression models using 15 polymorphisms on 12 genes. CONCLUSION Biomarkers and multiplex models composed here could work well in the response prediction of ddTCip and/or TC therapy, which might contribute to realize optimal selection of the key therapy.
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Grants
- DOFMET-08 Development Organization for Frontier Medical Education and Therapeutics in Japan
- H21-3rd Comprehensive 10-year Strategy for Cancer Control-010 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
- University Reform Action Plan "Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR) Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (JP)
- University Reform Action Plan "Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR)" Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (JP)
- Promotion Plan for the Platform of Human Resource Development for Cancer Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (JP)
- the Fostering Health Professionals for Changing Needs of Cancer Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (JP)
- New Paradigms - Establishing Center for Fostering Medical Researchers of the Future Programs Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (JP)
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Affiliation(s)
- Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
- Research Unit and Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Translational Research, Division of Sohyaku Innovative Research, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norihiro Iwasa
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Kenichi Satoh
- Faculty of Data Science, Shiga University, Hikone, Shiga, 522-8522, Japan
| | - Jacques Colinge
- Cancer Bioinformatics and System Biology, Institute of Cancer Research of Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm, University of Montpellier, ICM, 34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Muneaki Shimada
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Gynecology, Kobe Tokushukai Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, 655-0017, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Eguchi
- Division of Translational Research, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
- Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Matsue City Hospital, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8509, Japan
| | - Toru Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8505, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
- Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
- Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
- Division of Translational Research, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan.
- Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan.
- Laboratory for Analytical Instruments, Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
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Mansour SM, Sabra O, El-Komy F, Ahmed K, El-Abhar H. Novel insights into gut health: Cilostazol strengthens gut integrity by adjusting TLR-2/NF-κB/IL-23 and CD44/AKT/GSK-3β/cyclin-D1 trajectories in methotrexate-induced mucositis model. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 975:176669. [PMID: 38795758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX)-induced gastrointestinal mucositis is a common adverse effect characterized by redox imbalance and overproduction of inflammatory mediators that perturb intestinal integrity. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for this condition and its prevention is still far beyond comprehension. Because of its pleiotropic pharmacological actions, we aimed to explore the potential mechanisms through which cilostazol (CILO) can protect against MTX-induced intestinal mucositis. Wistar rats were allocated into 4 groups, control, CILO (100 mg/kg, p.o for 14 days), MTX (7.5 mg/kg for 4 successive days), and CILO + MTX. The improving effect of CILO on the morphological structure was confirmed by an upturn in the histopathological and transition electron microscope examinations evidenced by the increased jejunal villus height/width and the crypt depth besides the maintenance of tight junctions. These findings were verified biochemically; on the molecular level, CILO reduced the MTX-induced lipid peroxidation, cleaved caspase-3, p53, and the inflammatory parameters (TLR-2, NF-κB, IL-23, TNF-α, IL-1β), while increasing the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 and the antioxidant enzyme SOD. Moreover, CILO decreased the injurious axis AKT/GSK-3β/cyclin-D1, and CD44+, but increased the immunoexpression of the cell proliferating marker PCNA. CILO also upheld the intestinal barrier by enhancing the tight junction molecules (ZO-1, claudin-4) and the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex while abating the mesenchymal marker vimentin. In conclusion, CILO protected gut integrity by reducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, the MTX-induced oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory mediators, and turning off the CD44/AKT/GSK-3β/cyclin D1 trajectory and intensifying the expression of PCNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt.
| | - Omar Sabra
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fatma El-Komy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kawkab Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Hanan El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt
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Kast RE. IC Regimen: Delaying Resistance to Lorlatinib in ALK Driven Cancers by Adding Repurposed Itraconazole and Cilostazol. Cells 2024; 13:1175. [PMID: 39056757 PMCID: PMC11274432 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lorlatinib is a pharmaceutical ALK kinase inhibitor used to treat ALK driven non-small cell lung cancers. This paper analyses the intersection of past published data on the physiological consequences of two unrelated drugs from general medical practice-itraconazole and cilostazol-with the pathophysiology of ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer. A conclusion from that data analysis is that adding itraconazole and cilostazol may make lorlatinib more effective. Itraconazole, although marketed worldwide as a generic antifungal drug, also inhibits Hedgehog signaling, Wnt signaling, hepatic CYP3A4, and the p-gp efflux pump. Cilostazol, marketed worldwide as a generic thrombosis preventative drug, acts by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 3, and, by so doing, lowers platelets' adhesion, thereby partially depriving malignant cells of the many tumor trophic growth factors supplied by platelets. Itraconazole may enhance lorlatinib effectiveness by (i) reducing or stopping a Hedgehog-ALK amplifying feedback loop, by (ii) increasing lorlatinib's brain levels by p-gp inhibition, and by (iii) inhibiting growth drive from Wnt signaling. Cilostazol, surprisingly, carries minimal bleeding risk, lower than that of aspirin. Risk/benefit assessment of the combination of metastatic ALK positive lung cancer being a low-survival disease with the predicted safety of itraconazole-cilostazol augmentation of lorlatinib favors a trial of this drug trio in ALK positive lung cancer.
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Liu Y, Li C, Deng Q, Ren X, Wang H. METTL3's role in cervical cancer development through m 6A modification. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23693. [PMID: 38809685 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
N6-methylated adenosine (m6A) is a crucial RNA modification in eukaryotes, particularly in cancer. However, its role in cervical cancer (CC) is unclear. We aimed to elucidate the part of m6A in CC by analyzing methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) expression, identifying downstream targets, and exploring the underlying mechanism. We assessed METTL3 expression in CC using western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and immunohistochemistry. In vitro and in vivo experiments examined METTL3's role in CC. We employed RNA sequencing, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, qPCR, and RNA immunoprecipitation qPCR to explore METTL3's mechanism in CC. METTL3 expression was upregulated in CC, promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. METTL3 knockdown inhibited human cervical cancer by inactivating AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. METTL3-mediated m6A modification was observed in CC cells, targeting phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A). METTL3 catalyzed m6A modification on PDE3A mRNA through YTH domain family protein 3 (YTHDF3). Our study indicated the mechanism of m6A modification in CC and suggested the METTL3/YTHDF3/PDE3A axis as a potential clinical target for CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Liu
- Gynecology Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Gynecology Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- JiNan Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Gynecological Disease, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Changzhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Lingcheng District's Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xingye Ren
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Ji'nan, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- Gynecology Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Gynecology Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- JiNan Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Gynecological Disease, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu J, Chen J, Wang J, Hua H, Jiang Y. cAMP-PKA/EPAC signaling and cancer: the interplay in tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:5. [PMID: 38233872 PMCID: PMC10792844 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease resulting from abnormal cell growth that is induced by a number of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which involves extracellular matrix, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), tumor-infiltrating immune cells and angiogenesis, plays a critical role in tumor progression. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger that has pleiotropic effects on the TME. The downstream effectors of cAMP include cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) and ion channels. While cAMP can activate PKA or EPAC and promote cancer cell growth, it can also inhibit cell proliferation and survival in context- and cancer type-dependent manner. Tumor-associated stromal cells, such as CAF and immune cells, can release cytokines and growth factors that either stimulate or inhibit cAMP production within the TME. Recent studies have shown that targeting cAMP signaling in the TME has therapeutic benefits in cancer. Small-molecule agents that inhibit adenylate cyclase and PKA have been shown to inhibit tumor growth. In addition, cAMP-elevating agents, such as forskolin, can not only induce cancer cell death, but also directly inhibit cell proliferation in some cancer types. In this review, we summarize current understanding of cAMP signaling in cancer biology and immunology and discuss the basis for its context-dependent dual role in oncogenesis. Understanding the precise mechanisms by which cAMP and the TME interact in cancer will be critical for the development of effective therapies. Future studies aimed at investigating the cAMP-cancer axis and its regulation in the TME may provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhang
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinzhu Chen
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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6
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Ni H, Tang S, Yuan X, Xu J, Zheng F, Chen K, Liu X, Zhang H, Hu J, Xia D, Wu Y. Prolonged exposure of environmental concentration benzo[a]pyrene promoted cancer stemness through AhR/PKA/SOX2 dependent pathway in small cell lung cancer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167824. [PMID: 37839474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is commonly found in the environment as a result of incomplete combustion of organic materials and cigarette smoke. Epidemiological studies have consistently suggested that elderly smokers are at higher risk for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), with risks and clinical stages increasing with the intensity and duration of smoking. However, the underlying mechanism remains insufficiently investigated. Here, we established a positive correlation between smoking and BaP metabolite 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3OH-BaP) in urine. The pooled standardized mean difference of urinary 3OH-BaP concentration for smokers versus nonsmokers was 5.18 (95 % CI 2.86-7.50). Clinical data suggested that smoking led to more lymph node metastasis, higher pathological N-stage, and worse overall survival in SCLC patients. We identified 75 genes that participate in BaP-associated cancer stemness of SCLC from Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and validated the expression of these candidate genes in SCLC patient samples. Protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha (PRKACA) was found to be most upregulated in SCLC patients and in vitro experiments indicated that long-term exposure of SCLC cells to BaP, at the concentration equivalent to those detected in blood, increased PKA protein level. Further investigation revealed that PKA could directly interact with SOX2 and protect SOX2 from COP1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. Upregulated SOX2 then contributed to the stemness and metastasis of SCLC cells while inhibition of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway abolished BaP induced PKA expression and downstream PKA/SOX2 axis. Our findings firstly pinpoint BaP exposure as a high-risk factor for SCLC and worse outcomes in patients, with the underlying mechanism being the activation of cancer stemness of SCLC via the AhR/PKA/SOX2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Ni
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Tang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yuan
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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7
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Ribeiro E, Vale N. Understanding the Clinical Use of Levosimendan and Perspectives on its Future in Oncology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1296. [PMID: 37759695 PMCID: PMC10526140 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing, also known as repositioning or reprofiling, has emerged as a promising strategy to accelerate drug discovery and development. This approach involves identifying new medical indications for existing approved drugs, harnessing the extensive knowledge of their bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy. Levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer initially approved for heart failure, has been repurposed for oncology due to its multifaceted pharmacodynamics, including phosphodiesterase 3 inhibition, nitric oxide production and reduction of reactive oxygen species. Studies have demonstrated that levosimendan inhibits cancer cell migration and sensitizes hypoxic cells to radiation. Moreover, it exerts organ-protective effects by activating mitochondrial potassium channels. Combining levosimendan with traditional anticancer agents such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has shown a synergistic effect in bladder cancer cells, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic approach. This drug repurposing strategy offers a cost-effective and time-efficient solution for developing new treatments, ultimately contributing to the advancement of cancer therapeutics and improved outcomes for patients. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to validate the effectiveness of levosimendan in oncology and explore its potential benefits in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Ribeiro
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Torres W, Pérez JL, Díaz MP, D’Marco L, Checa-Ros A, Carrasquero R, Angarita L, Gómez Y, Chacín M, Ramírez P, Villasmil N, Durán-Agüero S, Cano C, Bermúdez V. The Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Inflammation-Induced Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12623. [PMID: 37628804 PMCID: PMC10454572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a process involving cell mutation, increased proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Over the years, this condition has represented one of the most concerning health problems worldwide due to its significant morbidity and mortality. At present, the incidence of cancer continues to grow exponentially. Thus, it is imperative to open new avenues in cancer research to understand the molecular changes driving DNA transformation, cell-to-cell interaction derangements, and immune system surveillance decay. In this regard, evidence supports the relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer. In light of this, a group of bioactive lipids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have a position as novel anti-inflammatory molecules known as the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a group of pro-resolutive inflammation agents that could improve the anti-tumor immunity. These molecules have the potential role of chemopreventive and therapeutic agents for various cancer types, and their effects have been documented in the scientific literature. Thus, this review objective centers around understanding the effect of SPMs on carcinogenesis and their potential therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wheeler Torres
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - José Luis Pérez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Luis D’Marco
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Cardiorrenales y Metabólicas, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Checa-Ros
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Cardiorrenales y Metabólicas, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Lissé Angarita
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile
| | - Yosselin Gómez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
| | - Paola Ramírez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Nelson Villasmil
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Los Leones 8420524, Chile
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
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Guo X, Li Y, Wan B, Lv Y, Wang X, Liu G, Wang P. ETV1 inhibition depressed M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophage and cell process in gastrointestinal stromal tumor via down-regulating PDE3A. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:139-146. [PMID: 36936869 PMCID: PMC10017324 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
M2-type polarization of tumor associated-macrophage (TAM) is involved in the malignancy of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) progression. ETS variant 1 (ETV1) has been previously validated to regulate GIST pathogenesis. Our study intended to explore the role and mechanism of ETV1 in mediating the M2-polarization of TAM in GIST progression. First, we analyzed the correlation between ETV1 expression and M2-polarization in GIST tissues. IL-4 was used to treat THP-1-derived TAM cells and IL-4-stimulated TAM were co-cultured with GIST-T1 cells to mimic the GIST microenvironment. A loss-of-function assay was performed to explore the role of ETV1. Results showed that ETV1 elevation was positively correlated with M2-polarization. IL-4-induced TAM promoted ETV1 expression, silencing ETV1 inhibited proliferation, invasion and KIT activation in IL-4-treated GIST cells, while cell apoptosis was enhanced. Besides, co-culture of ETV1-silenced GIST cells significantly depressed M2-polarization in TAM, presented as decreased levels of CD206, Agr-1 and cytokines, as well as the proportion of CD206-positive TAM. PDE3A was positively correlated with ETV1 and M2-polarization. Overexpressing PDE3A reversed the inhibitory effects of ETV1 silencing. Generally, ETV1 inhibition depressed M2-polarization of TAM in GIST and its promotion on pathological aggravation via down-regulating PDE3A. This evidence may provide a new target for GIST regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Bingbing Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Yifei Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Guisheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710068, China
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Ervin EH, French R, Chang CH, Pauklin S. Inside the stemness engine: Mechanistic links between deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:48-83. [PMID: 36347438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity is largely determined by its transcriptional profile. In tumour, deregulation of transcription factor expression and/or activity enables cancer cell to acquire a stem-like state characterised by capacity to self-renew, differentiate and form tumours in vivo. These stem-like cancer cells are highly metastatic and therapy resistant, thus warranting a more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms downstream of the transcription factors that mediate the establishment of stemness state. Here, we review recent research findings that provide a mechanistic link between the commonly deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. In particular, we describe the role of master transcription factors (SOX, OCT4, NANOG, KLF, BRACHYURY, SALL, HOX, FOX and RUNX), signalling-regulated transcription factors (SMAD, β-catenin, YAP, TAZ, AP-1, NOTCH, STAT, GLI, ETS and NF-κB) and unclassified transcription factors (c-MYC, HIF, EMT transcription factors and P53) across diverse tumour types, thereby yielding a comprehensive overview identifying shared downstream targets, highlighting unique mechanisms and discussing complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle-Helene Ervin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Rhiannon French
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Chao-Hui Chang
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
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11
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Ayipo YO, Ajiboye AT, Osunniran WA, Jimoh AA, Mordi MN. Epigenetic oncogenesis, biomarkers and emerging chemotherapeutics for breast cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194873. [PMID: 36064110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally and the most prominent among females, yet with limited effective therapeutic options. Most of the current medications are challenged by various factors including low efficacy, incessant resistance, immune evasion and frequent recurrence of the disease. Further understanding of the prognosis and identification of plausible therapeutic channels thus requires multimodal approaches. In this review, epigenetics studies of several pathways to BC oncogenesis via the inducement of oncogenic changes on relevant markers have been overviewed. Similarly, the counter-epigenetic mechanisms to reverse such changes as effective therapeutic strategies were surveyed. The epigenetic oncogenesis occurs through several pathways, notably, DNMT-mediated hypermethylation of DNA, dysregulated expression for ERα, HER2/ERBB and PR, histone modification, overexpression of transcription factors including the CDK9-cyclin T1 complex and suppression of tumour suppressor genes. Scientifically, the regulatory reversal of the mechanisms constitutes effective epigenetic approaches for mitigating BC initiation, progression and metastasis. These were exhibited at various experimental levels by classical chemotherapeutic agents including some repurposable drugs, endocrine inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and miRNAs, natural products, metal complexes and nanoparticles. Dozens of the potential candidates are currently in clinical trials while others are still at preclinical experimental stages showing promising anti-BC efficacy. The review presents a model for a wider understanding of epigenetic oncogenic pathways to BC and reveals plausible channels for reversing the unpleasant changes through epigenetic modifications. It advances the science of therapeutic designs for ameliorating the global burden of BC upon further translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Kwara State University, P.M.B., Malete, 1530 Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Abdulfatai Temitope Ajiboye
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Kwara State University, P.M.B., Malete, 1530 Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Wahab Adesina Osunniran
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Kwara State University, P.M.B., Malete, 1530 Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Akeem Adebayo Jimoh
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Kwara State University, P.M.B., Malete, 1530 Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Nizam Mordi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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12
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Transcriptome Profiling of A549 Xenografts of Nonsmall-cell Lung Cancer Treated with Qing-Re-Huo-Xue Formula. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2882801. [PMID: 36159573 PMCID: PMC9507736 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2882801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all lung cancer cases. Chinese herbal formula Qing-Re-Huo-Xue (QRHXF) has shown antitumor effects in the NSCLC xenograft mouse model of Lewis cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of QRHXF remain unknown. In this study, an A549 xenograft mouse model was established, and the mice were then treated with QRHXF or vehicle through oral gavage. Tumor growth was monitored. Tumors were subsequently harvested, and RNA sequencing was performed. Compared with the control group, mice treated with QRHXF showed smaller tumor size and slower tumor growth. RNA sequencing results indicated 36 differentially expressed genes between QRHXF treated and control groups. 16 upregulated and 20 downregulated genes were identified. Enrichment analysis showed four differential expression genes (DEGs) related to tumor growth pathways RASAL2, SerpinB5, UTG1A4, and PDE3A. In conclusion, this study revealed that QRHXF could inhibit tumor growth in an A549 xenograft mouse model, and the target genes of QRHXF may include PDE3A, RASAL2, SERPIB5, and UTG1A4.
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13
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Hao N, Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang B, Liu X, Ren Y, He J, Zhou C, Tang X. Clinical Value and Potential Mechanisms of Oxysterol-Binding Protein Like 3 (OSBPL3) in Human Tumors. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:739978. [PMID: 34738015 PMCID: PMC8560696 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.739978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the top culprits causing disease-related deaths. A lack of effective multi-cancer therapeutic targets has limited the prolongation of cancer patients’ survival. Therefore, it is important to explore novel oncogenic genes or versatile targets and perform a comprehensive analysis to assess their roles in the process of tumorigenesis. OSBPL3 protein is an intracellular lipid receptor of the oxysterol-binding protein superfamily, which participates in some pathological and physiological processes in tumor progression. However, its clinical roles and potential mechanisms in cancers remain unknown. Thus, we aimed to systematic explore the potential oncogenic roles of OSBPL3 across thirty-three tumors using multiple web-based and publicly available tools, including the Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, Genotype-Tissue Expression, cBioPortal, and Human Protein Atlas database. OSBPL3 is highly expressed in major subtypes of cancers, distinctly associated with the prognosis of tumor patients. We observed X676_splice/V676G alteration in the oxysterol domain and frequent mutations of OSBPL3 involve cell survival in skin cutaneous melanoma. We also first presented that the expression of OSBPL3 was associated with tumor mutational burden (TMB) in nine cancer types. Additionally, OSBPL3 shows an enhanced phosphorylation level at S426, S251, and S273 loci within the pleckstrin homology domain in multiple tumors, such as breast cancer or lung adenocarcinoma. And OSBPL3 expression was associated with active immune cells (CD8+ T cells) and cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer, colon adenocarcinoma, and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and immune checkpoint genes in more than 30 tumors, but weakly associated with immune suppressive cells (myeloid-derived suppressor cells, T regulatory cells). Moreover, protein processing and mRNA metabolic signaling pathways were involved in the functional mechanisms of OSBPL3. Our study first demonstrated that a novel agent OSBPL3 plays an important role in tumorigenesis from the perspective of publicly available databases and clinical tumor samples in various cancers, which comprehensively provide insights into its biological functions and may be helpful for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Hao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yudong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun He
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Yue Y, Du Z, Tao J, Shi L. Inhibition of microRNA-297 alleviates THLE-2 cell injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via SIRT3. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 100:125-133. [PMID: 34559973 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been acknowledged that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) assume a critical role in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced hepatocyte injury. Therefore, cell experiments were performed in this study to investigate the mechanism of miR-297 in H/R-induced hepatocyte injury with the involvement of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and NLRP3. Initially, THLE-2 cells were utilized for H/R challenge. After miR-297 antagomir and NLRP3 adenovirus vector delivery, THLE-2 cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by MTT, EdU and TUNEL assays, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to evaluate the levels of apoptosis-related indicators (Bax and Bcl-2) and inflammation-related indicators (IL-6 and IL-10), western blot analysis to detect NLRP3 and Cleaved Caspase-1 expression. The binding relation between miR-297 and SIRT3 was examined using dual-luciferase assay. The results showed that miR-297 antagomir repressed the apoptosis and inflammation induced by H/R treatment in THLE-2 cells. Mechanistically, miR-297 antagomir diminished the extent of IκBα and NF-κB phosphorylation and NLRP3 activation in H/R-induced THLE-2 cells by targeting SIRT3. Furthermore, NLRP3 overexpression normalized the promoting effects of miR-297 antagomir on proliferation and its inhibitory effects on apoptosis and inflammation in H/R-induced THLE-2 cells. In summary, our results elucidated that miR-297 antagomir repressed H/R-induced THLE-2 cell injury via SIRT3 promotion and NLRP3 inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yue
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an, China;
| | - Zhilin Du
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China;
| | - Jie Tao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China;
| | - Lei Shi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China;
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15
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Bousali M, Papatheodoridis G, Paraskevis D, Karamitros T. Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration, Chronic Infections and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1787. [PMID: 34442866 PMCID: PMC8398950 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is an Old World virus with a high mutation rate, which puts its origins in Africa alongside the origins of Homo sapiens, and is a member of the Hepadnaviridae family that is characterized by a unique viral replication cycle. It targets human hepatocytes and can lead to chronic HBV infection either after acute infection via horizontal transmission usually during infancy or childhood or via maternal-fetal transmission. HBV has been found in ~85% of HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinomas (HCC), and it can integrate the whole or part of its genome into the host genomic DNA. The molecular mechanisms involved in the HBV DNA integration is not yet clear; thus, multiple models have been described with respect to either the relaxed-circular DNA (rcDNA) or the double-stranded linear DNA (dslDNA) of HBV. Various genes have been found to be affected by HBV DNA integration, including cell-proliferation-related genes, oncogenes and long non-coding RNA genes (lincRNAs). The present review summarizes the advances in the research of HBV DNA integration, focusing on the evolutionary and molecular side of the integration events along with the arising clinical aspects in the light of WHO's commitment to eliminate HBV and viral hepatitis by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bousali
- Bioinformatics and Applied Genomics Unit, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Papatheodoridis
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Laiko” General Hospital of Athens, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Paraskevis
- Department of Hygiene Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
| | - Timokratis Karamitros
- Bioinformatics and Applied Genomics Unit, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
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Shen W, Zhang X, Tang J, Zhang Z, Du R, Luo D, Liu X, Xia Y, Li Y, Wang S, Yan S, Yang W, Xiang R, Luo N, Luo Y, Li J. CCL16 maintains stem cell-like properties in breast cancer by activating CCR2/GSK3β/β-catenin/OCT4 axis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2297-2317. [PMID: 33500726 PMCID: PMC7797668 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Considerable evidence suggests that breast cancer metastasis and recurrence occur due to emergence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In our previous study, we designed a high-throughput siRNA screening platform that identifies inflammation genes involved in the regulation of cancer cell stemness. We reported that CCL16 protein decreases OCT4 expression and reduces the ALDH+ subpopulation. However, the mechanism by which CCL16 maintains stem cell-like properties remains unclear. Methods: Tissue microarrays were used to evaluate CCL16 expression. Cancer stemness assays were performed in CCL16 knockdown and overexpressing cells in vitro and in a xenograft model in vivo. Human phosphokinase array, immunofluorescence and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to explore the underlying mechanism. Results: We report that CCL16 was overexpressed in breast tumors and significantly correlated with clinical progression. We found that silencing CCL16 in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells diminished CSC properties including ALDH+ subpopulation, side population, chemo-resistance, and sphere formation. Furthermore, mice bearing CCL16-silenced MDA-MB-231 xenografts had lower tumorigenic frequency and developed smaller tumors. Exploration of the underlying mechanism found that CCL16 selects CCR2 to activate p-AKT/GSK3β signaling and facilitate β-catenin nuclear translocation. Further, CCL16 binds to the OCT4 promoter and promotes OCT4 expression. In addition, shRNAs targeting CCR2 and XAV939 targeting β-catenin abolished CCL16-mediated cancer stemness. Upstream, IL10 mediates STAT3 activation, which binds to the CCL16 promoter and enhances its expression. The STAT3-targeted inhibitor Stattic suppressed CCL16 expression in vitro and restrained tumor progression in vivo. Conclusions: We identified a potential CSC regulator and suggest a novel mechanism for how CCL16 governs cancer cell stemness. We propose that CCL16 could be an effective target for breast cancer therapy.
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Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics by Network Analysis of Transcriptome Data Stemness Indices in Breast Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8841622. [PMID: 33082784 PMCID: PMC7559503 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8841622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer (BC) affects women all over the world. This study aimed at screening out potential biomarkers through performing an in-depth analysis of data from the previous research and database. Design This study made full use of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from cancer genomic maps (TCGA) and screened key genes related to stemness by merging WGCNA with BC mRNAsi. Results The related mRNAsi data were downloaded, and the transcriptional levels of mRNAsi in cancers contrasted with normal samples. The results showed that there was a significantly higher mRNAsi expression in BC tissues (P=1.791e − 43). Seven modules were obtained following the investigation through cluster analysis. The turquoise module showed a relatively high positive correlation with mRNAsi at 0.79; this module was chosen as the most interesting and was used for subsequent analysis. By setting related cutoffs, 38 key genes were screened, and the coexpression of these genes was explored next. The results showed that the lowest correlation was between CDC20 and KIF11 (0.54), and the highest connection was between BUB1 and CKAP2L (0.86). Furthermore, ten hub genes with the most nodes were sorted using a histogram. Using other databases to explore the prognosis value of key genes, the results showed that lower expression of key genes was significantly connected with longer overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and relapse-free survival (RFS). The immune infiltration relationship between hub genes and six kinds of basic immune cells was investigated; it was revealed that partial ones were positively or negatively related. Conclusion This study is the first to show the important role of stemness-related genes in the prognosis of BC. However, future clinical trials are needed to confirm these results and promote the application of these key genes in prognosis evaluation.
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Yousefnia S, Seyed Forootan F, Seyed Forootan S, Nasr Esfahani MH, Gure AO, Ghaedi K. Activated coagulation time in monitoring heparinized dogs. Am J Vet Res 1981; 10:452. [PMID: 32426267 PMCID: PMC7212408 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are the minor population of breast cancer (BC) cells that exhibit several phenotypes such as migration, invasion, self-renewal, and chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy resistance. Recently, BCSCs have been more considerable due to their capacity for recurrence of tumors after treatment. Recognition of signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in stemness phenotypes of BCSCs could be effective for discovering novel treatment strategies to target BCSCs. This review introduces BCSC markers, their roles in stemness phenotypes, and the dysregulated signaling pathways involved in BCSCs such as mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, PI3K/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), TGF-β, hedgehog (Hh), Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hippo pathway. In addition, this review presents recently discovered molecular mechanisms implicated in chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis of BCSCs. Finally, we reviewed the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in BCSCs as well as several other therapeutic strategies such as herbal medicine, biological agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, nanoparticles, and microRNAs, which have been more considerable in the last decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghar Yousefnia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzad Seyed Forootan
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Farzad Seyed Forootan ;
| | - Shiva Seyed Forootan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Osmay Gure
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
- Ali Osmay Gure
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Kamran Ghaedi ; ;
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