1
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Pal P, Atilla-Gokcumen GE, Frasor J. Emerging Roles of Ceramides in Breast Cancer Biology and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911178. [PMID: 36232480 PMCID: PMC9569866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the classic hallmarks of cancer is the imbalance between elevated cell proliferation and reduced cell death. Ceramide, a bioactive sphingolipid that can regulate this balance, has long been implicated in cancer. While the effects of ceramide on cell death and therapeutic efficacy are well established, emerging evidence indicates that ceramide turnover to downstream sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin, hexosylceramides, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and ceramide-1-phosphate, is equally important in driving pro-tumorigenic phenotypes, such as proliferation, survival, migration, stemness, and therapy resistance. The complex and dynamic sphingolipid network has been extensively studied in several cancers, including breast cancer, to find key sphingolipidomic alterations that can be exploited to develop new therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. Here, we review how the current literature shapes our understanding of how ceramide synthesis and turnover are altered in breast cancer and how these changes offer potential strategies to improve breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purab Pal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - G. Ekin Atilla-Gokcumen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
- Correspondence: (G.E.A.-G.); (J.F.)
| | - Jonna Frasor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (G.E.A.-G.); (J.F.)
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2
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Gardeta SR, García-Cuesta EM, D’Agostino G, Soler Palacios B, Quijada-Freire A, Lucas P, Bernardino de la Serna J, Gonzalez-Riano C, Barbas C, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Mellado M. Sphingomyelin Depletion Inhibits CXCR4 Dynamics and CXCL12-Mediated Directed Cell Migration in Human T Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:925559. [PMID: 35903108 PMCID: PMC9315926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.925559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, ceramides and cholesterol are integral components of cellular membranes, and they also play important roles in signal transduction by regulating the dynamics of membrane receptors through their effects on membrane fluidity. Here, we combined biochemical and functional assays with single-particle tracking analysis of diffusion in the plasma membrane to demonstrate that the local lipid environment regulates CXCR4 organization and function and modulates chemokine-triggered directed cell migration. Prolonged treatment of T cells with bacterial sphingomyelinase promoted the complete and sustained breakdown of sphingomyelins and the accumulation of the corresponding ceramides, which altered both membrane fluidity and CXCR4 nanoclustering and dynamics. Under these conditions CXCR4 retained some CXCL12-mediated signaling activity but failed to promote efficient directed cell migration. Our data underscore a critical role for the local lipid composition at the cell membrane in regulating the lateral mobility of chemokine receptors, and their ability to dynamically increase receptor density at the leading edge to promote efficient cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía R. Gardeta
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M. García-Cuesta
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gianluca D’Agostino
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Soler Palacios
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Quijada-Freire
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Medical Research Council-Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Center, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Gonzalez-Riano
- Metabolomic and Bioanalysis Center (CEMBIO), Pharmacy Faculty, Centro de Estudios Universitarios Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Metabolomic and Bioanalysis Center (CEMBIO), Pharmacy Faculty, Centro de Estudios Universitarios Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Rodríguez-Frade
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Mellado
- Chemokine Signaling Group, Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mario Mellado,
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3
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Companioni O, Mir C, Garcia-Mayea Y, LLeonart ME. Targeting Sphingolipids for Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:745092. [PMID: 34737957 PMCID: PMC8560795 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are an extensive class of lipids with different functions in the cell, ranging from proliferation to cell death. Sphingolipids are modified in multiple cancers and are responsible for tumor proliferation, progression, and metastasis. Several inhibitors or activators of sphingolipid signaling, such as fenretinide, safingol, ABC294640, ceramide nanoliposomes (CNLs), SKI-II, α-galactosylceramide, fingolimod, and sonepcizumab, have been described. The objective of this review was to analyze the results from preclinical and clinical trials of these drugs for the treatment of cancer. Sphingolipid-targeting drugs have been tested alone or in combination with chemotherapy, exhibiting antitumor activity alone and in synergism with chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. As a consequence of treatments, the most frequent mechanism of cell death is apoptosis, followed by autophagy. Aslthough all these drugs have produced good results in preclinical studies of multiple cancers, the outcomes of clinical trials have not been similar. The most effective drugs are fenretinide and α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). In contrast, minor adverse effects restricted to a few subjects and hepatic toxicity have been observed in clinical trials of ABC294640 and safingol, respectively. In the case of CNLs, SKI-II, fingolimod and sonepcizumab there are some limitations and absence of enough clinical studies to demonstrate a benefit. The effectiveness or lack of a major therapeutic effect of sphingolipid modulation by some drugs as a cancer therapy and other aspects related to their mechanism of action are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmel Companioni
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Mir
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoelsis Garcia-Mayea
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilde E LLeonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Network Center in Oncology, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Budzinski J, Maschauer S, Kobayashi H, Couvineau P, Vogt H, Gmeiner P, Roggenhofer A, Prante O, Bouvier M, Weikert D. Bivalent ligands promote endosomal trafficking of the dopamine D3 receptor-neurotensin receptor 1 heterodimer. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1062. [PMID: 34508168 PMCID: PMC8433439 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalent ligands are composed of two pharmacophores connected by a spacer of variable size. These ligands are able to simultaneously recognize two binding sites, for example in a G protein-coupled receptor heterodimer, resulting in enhanced binding affinity. Taking advantage of previously described heterobivalent dopamine-neurotensin receptor ligands, we demonstrate specific interactions between dopamine D3 (D3R) and neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1), two receptors with expression in overlapping brain areas that are associated with neuropsychiatric diseases and addiction. Bivalent ligand binding to D3R-NTSR1 dimers results in picomolar binding affinity and high selectivity compared to the binding to monomeric receptors. Specificity of the ligands for the D3R-NTSR1 receptor pair over D2R-NTSR1 dimers can be achieved by a careful choice of the linker length. Bivalent ligands enhance and stabilize the receptor-receptor interaction leading to NTSR1-controlled internalization of D3R into endosomes via recruitment of β-arrestin, highlighting a potential mechanism for dimer-specific receptor trafficking and signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Budzinski
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Maschauer
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Pierre Couvineau
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Hannah Vogt
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Roggenhofer
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Prante
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michel Bouvier
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Dorothee Weikert
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Dong Z, Lei Q, Yang R, Zhu S, Ke XX, Yang L, Cui H, Yi L. Inhibition of neurotensin receptor 1 induces intrinsic apoptosis via let-7a-3p/Bcl-w axis in glioblastoma. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1572-1584. [PMID: 28494471 PMCID: PMC5518855 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud: Glioblastoma is a kind of highly malignant and aggressive tumours in the central nervous system. Previously, we found that neurotensin (NTS) and its high-affinity receptor 1 (NTSR1) had essential roles in cell proliferation and invasiveness of glioblastoma. Unexpectedly, cell death also appeared by inhibition of NTSR1 except for cell cycle arrest. However, the mechanisms were remained to be further explored. Methods: Cells treated with SR48692, a selective antagonist of NTSR1, or NTSR1 shRNA were stained with Annexin V-FITC/PI and the apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Cytochrome c release was detected by using immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm) loss was stained by JC-1 and detected by immunofluorescence or flow cytometry. Apoptosis antibody array and microRNA microarray were performed to seek the potential regulators of NTSR1 inhibition-induced apoptosis. Interaction between let-7a-3p and Bcl-w 3′UTR was evaluated by using luciferase assay. Results: SR48692 induced massive apoptosis, which was related to mitochondrial cytochrome c release and MMP loss. Knockdown of NTSR1 induced slight apoptosis and significant MMP loss. In addition, NTSR1 inhibition sensitised glioblastoma cells to actinomycin D or doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Consistently, NTSR1 inhibition-induced mitochondrial apoptosis was accompanied by downregulation of Bcl-w and Bcl-2. Restoration of Bcl-w partly rescued NTSR1 deficiency-induced apoptosis. In addition, NTSR1 deficiency promoted higher let-7a-3p expression and inhibition let-7a-3p partly rescued NTSR1 inhibition-induced apoptosis. In addition, let-7a-3p inhibition promoted 3′UTR activities of Bcl-w and the expression of c-Myc and LIN28, which were the upstream of let-7a-3p, decreased after NTSR1 inhibition. Conclusions: NTSR1 had an important role in protecting glioblastoma from intrinsic apoptosis via c-Myc/LIN28/let-7a-3p/Bcl-w axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qian Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shunqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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6
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Dijkman PM, Watts A. Lipid modulation of early G protein-coupled receptor signalling events. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2889-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Haakenson JK, Khokhlatchev AV, Choi YJ, Linton SS, Zhang P, Zaki PM, Fu C, Cooper TK, Manni A, Zhu J, Fox TE, Dong C, Kester M. Lysosomal degradation of CD44 mediates ceramide nanoliposome-induced anoikis and diminished extravasation in metastatic carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8632-43. [PMID: 25681441 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.609677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ceramide nanoliposome (CNL) has shown promise in being able to treat a variety of primary tumors. However, its potential for treating metastatic cancer remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that CNL increases anoikis while preventing cancer cell extravasation under both static and physiological fluid flow conditions. Mechanistically, CNL limits metastases by decreasing CD44 protein levels in human breast and pancreatic cancer cells via lysosomal degradation of CD44, independent of palmitoylation or proteasome targeting. siRNA down-regulation of CD44 mimics CNL-induced anoikis and diminished extravasation of cancer cells. Taken together, our data indicate that ceramide limits CD44-dependent cancer cell migration, suggesting that CNL could be used to prevent and treat solid tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrei V Khokhlatchev
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and
| | - Younhee J Choi
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and
| | | | - Pu Zhang
- the Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801
| | - Peter M Zaki
- the Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801
| | - Changliang Fu
- the Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801
| | | | | | - Junjia Zhu
- Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Todd E Fox
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and
| | - Cheng Dong
- the Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801
| | - Mark Kester
- From the Departments of Pharmacology, the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and
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8
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Castillo-Rodríguez RA, Arango-Rodríguez ML, Escobedo L, Hernandez-Baltazar D, Gompel A, Forgez P, Martínez-Fong D. Suicide HSVtk gene delivery by neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticles via the bloodstream and GCV Treatment specifically inhibit the growth of human MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer tumors xenografted in athymic mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97151. [PMID: 24824754 PMCID: PMC4019532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 has the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotype, which is an aggressive subtype with no specific treatment. MDA-MB-231 cells express neurotensin receptor type 1 (NTSR1), which makes these cells an attractive target of therapeutic genes that are delivered by the neurotensin (NTS)-polyplex nanocarrier via the bloodstream. We addressed the relevance of this strategy for TNBC treatment using NTS-polyplex nanoparticles harboring the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) suicide gene and its complementary prodrug ganciclovir (GCV). The reporter gene encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used as a control. NTS-polyplex successfully transfected both genes in cultured MDA-MB-231 cells. The transfection was demonstrated pharmacologically to be dependent on activation of NTSR1. The expression of HSVtk gene decreased cell viability by 49% (P<0.0001) and induced apoptosis in cultured MDA-MB-231 cells after complementary GCV treatment. In the MDA-MB-231 xenograft model, NTS-polyplex nanoparticles carrying either the HSVtk gene or GFP gene were injected into the tumors or via the bloodstream. Both routes of administration allowed the NTS-polyplex nanoparticles to reach and transfect tumorous cells. HSVtk expression and GCV led to apoptosis, as shown by the presence of cleaved caspase-3 and Apostain immunoreactivity, and significantly inhibited the tumor growth (55-60%) (P<0.001). At the end of the experiment, the weight of tumors transfected with the HSVtk gene was 55% less than that of control tumors (P<0.05). The intravenous transfection did not induce apoptosis in peripheral organs. Our results offer a promising gene therapy for TNBC using the NTS-polyplex nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa A. Castillo-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), México, D.F., México
| | - Martha L. Arango-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lourdes Escobedo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), México, D.F., México
| | - Daniel Hernandez-Baltazar
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), México, D.F., México
| | - Anne Gompel
- Unité de Gynécologie, Université Paris Descartes, AP-HP, Port Royal Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Forgez
- Department of Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Université Paris Descartes, INSERM UMR-S 1007, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Martínez-Fong
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), México, D.F., México
- Programa de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), México, D.F., México
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9
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Gui X, Liu S, Meng Z, Gao ZH. Neurotensin Receptor 1 (NTSR1) Overexpression in Breast Carcinomas Is Common and Independent of ER/PR/Her2 Expression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2013.47a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Oates J, Faust B, Attrill H, Harding P, Orwick M, Watts A. The role of cholesterol on the activity and stability of neurotensin receptor 1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2228-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Regulation of cell migration by sphingomyelin synthases: sphingomyelin in lipid rafts decreases responsiveness to signaling by the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:3242-52. [PMID: 22688512 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00121-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) catalyzes the formation of sphingomyelin, a major component of the plasma membrane and lipid rafts. To investigate the role of SMS in cell signaling and migration induced by binding of the chemokine CXCL12 to CXCR4, we used mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient in SMS1 and/or SMS2 and examined the effects of SMS deficiency on cell migration. SMS deficiency promoted cell migration through a CXCL12/CXCR4-dependent signaling pathway involving extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. In addition, SMS1/SMS2 double-knockout cells had heightened sensitivity to CXCL12, which was significantly suppressed upon transfection with the SMS1 or SMS2 gene or when they were treated with exogenous sphingomyelin but not when they were treated with the SMS substrate ceramide. Notably, SMS deficiency facilitated relocalization of CXCR4 to lipid rafts, which form platforms for the regulation and transduction of receptor-mediated signaling. Furthermore, we found that SMS deficiency potentiated CXCR4 dimerization, which is required for signal transduction. This dimerization was significantly repressed by sphingomyelin treatment. Collectively, our data indicate that SMS-derived sphingomyelin lowers responsiveness to CXCL12, thereby reducing migration induced by this chemokine. Our findings provide the first direct evidence for an involvement of SMS-generated sphingomyelin in the regulation of cell migration.
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12
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Heakal Y, Woll MP, Fox T, Seaton K, Levenson R, Kester M. Neurotensin receptor-1 inducible palmitoylation is required for efficient receptor-mediated mitogenic-signaling within structured membrane microdomains. Cancer Biol Ther 2011; 12:427-35. [PMID: 21725197 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.12.5.15984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotensin receptor-1 (NTSR-1) is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been recently identified as a mediator of cancer progression. NTSR-1 and its endogenous ligand, neurotensin (NTS), are co-expressed in several breast cancer cell lines and breast cancer tumor samples. Based on our previously published study demonstrating that intact structured membrane microdomains (SMDs) are required for NTSR-1 mitogenic signaling, we hypothesized that regulated receptor palmitoylation is responsible for NTSR-1 localization and signaling within SMDs upon NTS stimulation. Site-directed mutagenesis and pharmacological strategies were utilized to assess NTRS-1 post-translational modifications in an over-expression cell model (HEK293T) as well as a native breast cancer cell model (MDA-MB-231). NTSR-1 palmitoylation was confirmed by multiple chemical and fluororadiographic methodologies. NTSR-1 glycosylation was confirmed by pharmacological (tunicamycin) and chemical (PGNaseF and O-type glycosidase) approaches. Physiological correlates including cell viability (MTS assay), apoptosis (caspase 3/7 assay) and ERK phosphorylation were utilized to assess the consequences of NTRS-1 palmitoylation. The interaction between palmitoylated NTRS-1 and Gαq/11 within SMDS was confirmed with immunopreciptation analysis of detergent-free isolated fractions of caveolin-rich microdomains. We identified dual-palmitoylation at Cys381 and Cys383 of endogenously-expressed NTSR-1 in MDA-MB-231 breast adeno-carcinomas as well as exogenously-expressed NTSR-1 in HEK293T cells (which do not normally express NTSR-1). Pharmacological inhibition of NTSR-1 palmitoylation in MDA-MB-231 cells as well as NTSR-1-expressing HEK293T cells diminished NTS-mediated ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. Additionally, NTSR-1 mutated at Cys381 and Cys383 showed diminished ERK1/2 stimulation and reduced ability to protect HEK293T cells against apoptosis induced by serum starvation. Mechanistically, mutated C381,383S-NTSR-1 showed reduced ability to interact with Gαq/11 and diminished localization to structured membrane microdomains (SMDs), where Gαq/11 preferentially resides. We also demonstrated that only glycosylated isoforms of NTRS-1 localize within SMDs by palmitotylation. Collectively, our data establish palmitoylation as a novel pharmacological target to inhibit NTSR-1 mitogenic signaling in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Heakal
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
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13
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Arsenic trioxide inhibits HCCLM3 cells invasion through de novo ceramide synthesis and sphingomyelinase-induced ceramide production. Med Oncol 2011; 29:2251-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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14
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Dupouy S, Mourra N, Doan VK, Gompel A, Alifano M, Forgez P. The potential use of the neurotensin high affinity receptor 1 as a biomarker for cancer progression and as a component of personalized medicine in selective cancers. Biochimie 2011; 93:1369-78. [PMID: 21605619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A growing challenge in medicine today, is the need to improve the suitability of drug treatments for cancer patients. In this field, biomarkers have become the "flags" to provide additional information in tumor biology. They are a relay between the patient and practitioner and consequently, aid in the diagnosis, providing information for prognosis, or in some cases predicting the response to specific therapies. In addition to being markers, these tumor "flags" can also be major participants in the process of carcinogenesis. Neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) was recently identified as a prognosis marker in breast, lung, and head and neck squamous carcinomas. Neurotensin (NTS) was also shown to exert numerous oncogenic effects involved in tumor growth and metastatic spread. These effects were mostly mediated by NTSR1, making the NTS/NTSR1 complex an actor in cancer progression. In this review, we gather information on the oncogenic effects of the NTS/NTSR1 complex and its associated signaling pathways in order to illuminate its significant role in tumor progression and its potential as a biomarker and a therapeutic target in some tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dupouy
- INSERM-UPMC UMR_S938, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
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Dhankhar R, Vyas SP, Jain AK, Arora S, Rath G, Goyal AK. Advances in novel drug delivery strategies for breast cancer therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 38:230-49. [PMID: 20677900 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2010.494578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains one of the world's most devastating diseases. However, better understanding of tumor biology and improved diagnostic devices could lead to improved therapeutic outcomes. Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and therapy. Various nanocarriers have been introduced to improve the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs, including liposomes, polymeric micelles, quantum dots, nanoparticles, and dendrimers. Recently, targeted drug delivery systems for anti-tumor drugs have demonstrated great potential to lower cytotoxicity and increase therapeutic effects. Various ligands/approaches have been explored for targeting breast cancer. This paper provides an overview of breast cancer, conventional therapy, potential of nanotechnology in management of breast cancer, and rational approaches for targeting breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Dhankhar
- Nanomedicine Research Centre, Department of Pharmaceutics, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, Punjab, India
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Symolon H, Bushnev A, Peng Q, Ramaraju H, Mays SG, Allegood JC, Pruett ST, Sullards MC, Dillehay DL, Liotta DC, Merrill AH. Enigmol: a novel sphingolipid analogue with anticancer activity against cancer cell lines and in vivo models for intestinal and prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:648-57. [PMID: 21398423 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sphingoid bases are cytotoxic for many cancer cell lines and are thought to contribute to suppression of intestinal tumorigenesis in vivo by ingested sphingolipids. This study explored the behavior of a sphingoid base analogue, (2S,3S,5S)-2-amino-3,5-dihydroxyoctadecane (Enigmol), that cannot be phosphorylated by sphingosine kinases and is slowly N-acylated and therefore is more persistent than natural sphingoid bases. Enigmol had potential anticancer activity in a National Cancer Institute (NCI-60) cell line screen and was confirmed to be more cytotoxic and persistent than naturally occurring sphingoid bases using HT29 cells, a colon cancer cell line. Although the molecular targets of sphingoid bases are not well delineated, Enigmol shared one of the mechanisms that has been found for naturally occurring sphingoid bases: normalization of the aberrant accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus and cytoplasm of colon cancer cells due to defect(s) in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/β-catenin regulatory system. Enigmol also had antitumor efficacy when administered orally to Min mice, a mouse model with a truncated APC gene product (C57Bl/6J(Min/+) mice), decreasing the number of intestinal tumors by half at 0.025% of the diet (w/w), with no evidence of host toxicity until higher dosages. Enigmol was also tested against the prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and PC-3 in nude mouse xenografts and suppressed tumor growth in both. Thus, Enigmol represents a novel category of sphingoid base analogue that is orally bioavailable and has the potential to be effective against multiple types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Symolon
- School of Biology, 310 Ferst Drive, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Edelhauser HF, Rowe-Rendleman CL, Robinson MR, Dawson DG, Chader GJ, Grossniklaus HE, Rittenhouse KD, Wilson CG, Weber DA, Kuppermann BD, Csaky KG, Olsen TW, Kompella UB, Holers VM, Hageman GS, Gilger BC, Campochiaro PA, Whitcup SM, Wong WT. Ophthalmic drug delivery systems for the treatment of retinal diseases: basic research to clinical applications. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; 51:5403-20. [PMID: 20980702 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-5392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henry F Edelhauser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Erez-Roman R, Pienik R, Futerman AH. Increased ceramide synthase 2 and 6 mRNA levels in breast cancer tissues and correlation with sphingosine kinase expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 391:219-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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