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Feng Y, Liang L, Jia W, Wang J, Xu C, Zhu D, Xu B, Zhao W, Ling X, Zhou Y, Kong L, Ding W. Circ_0007386 Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through the miR-507/ CCNT2 Axis. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:1095-1112. [PMID: 38887684 PMCID: PMC11182359 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s459633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play a crucial role in the initiation and development of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism and function of circ_0007386 in HCC are still unknown. Methods Circ_0007386 expression level in HCC tissues, and HCC cell lines was further analyzed by qRT-PCR. Agarose gel electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing were used to figure out the structure of circ_0007386. The involvement of circ_0007386 in HCC development was evaluated by experimental investigations conducted in both laboratory settings (in vitro) and living organisms (in vivo). RNA immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, luciferase reporter assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were applied for finding out the interaction among circ_0007386, miR-507 and CCNT2. To assess the connection between circ_0007386 and lenvatinib resistance, lenvatinib-resistant HCC cell lines were employed. Results The expression of circ_0007386 was found to increase in HCC tissues, and it was observed to be associated with a worse prognosis. Overexpression of circ_0007386 stimulated HCC cells proliferation, invasion, migration and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) while silencing of circ_0007386 resulted in the opposite effect. Mechanistic investigations revealed that circ_0007386 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-507 to prevent CCNT2 downregulation. Downregulating miR-507 or overexpressing CCNT2 could reverse phenotypic alterations that originated from inhibiting of circ_0007386. Importantly, circ_0007386 determines the resistance of hepatoma cells to lenvatinib treatment. Conclusion Circ_0007386 advanced HCC progression and lenvatinib resistance through the miR-507/ CCNT2 axis. Meanwhile, circ_0007386 served as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Feng
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Litao Liang
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Jia
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Xu
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deming Zhu
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhu Zhao
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Ling
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongping Zhou
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, JUMC, Department of Hepatobiliary, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhou Ding
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Chuang YT, Yen CY, Chien TM, Chang FR, Tsai YH, Wu KC, Tang JY, Chang HW. Ferroptosis-Regulated Natural Products and miRNAs and Their Potential Targeting to Ferroptosis and Exosome Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6083. [PMID: 38892270 PMCID: PMC11173094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, which comprises iron-dependent cell death, is crucial in cancer and non-cancer treatments. Exosomes, the extracellular vesicles, may deliver biomolecules to regulate disease progression. The interplay between ferroptosis and exosomes may modulate cancer development but is rarely investigated in natural product treatments and their modulating miRNAs. This review focuses on the ferroptosis-modulating effects of natural products and miRNAs concerning their participation in ferroptosis and exosome biogenesis (secretion and assembly)-related targets in cancer and non-cancer cells. Natural products and miRNAs with ferroptosis-modulating effects were retrieved and organized. Next, a literature search established the connection of a panel of ferroptosis-modulating genes to these ferroptosis-associated natural products. Moreover, ferroptosis-associated miRNAs were inputted into the miRNA database (miRDB) to bioinformatically search the potential targets for the modulation of ferroptosis and exosome biogenesis. Finally, the literature search provided a connection between ferroptosis-modulating miRNAs and natural products. Consequently, the connections from ferroptosis-miRNA-exosome biogenesis to natural product-based anticancer treatments are well-organized. This review sheds light on the research directions for integrating miRNAs and exosome biogenesis into the ferroptosis-modulating therapeutic effects of natural products on cancer and non-cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Ming Chien
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Gangshan Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 820111, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907101, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Chuan Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Moubarak MM, Pagano Zottola AC, Larrieu CM, Cuvellier S, Daubon T, Martin OCB. Exploring the multifaceted role of NRF2 in brain physiology and cancer: A comprehensive review. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdad160. [PMID: 38221979 PMCID: PMC10785770 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of brain malignancies due to the high rate of brain oxygen utilization and concomitant production of reactive oxygen species. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant signaling, is a key factor in regulating brain physiology and the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also, NRF2 is known to exert a protective antioxidant effect against the onset of oxidative stress-induced diseases, including cancer, along with its pro-oncogenic activities through regulating various signaling pathways and downstream target genes. In glioblastoma (GB), grade 4 glioma, tumor resistance, and recurrence are caused by the glioblastoma stem cell population constituting a small bulk of the tumor core. The persistence and self-renewal capacity of these cell populations is enhanced by NRF2 expression in GB tissues. This review outlines NRF2's dual involvement in cancer and highlights its regulatory role in human brain physiology and diseases, in addition to the development of primary brain tumors and therapeutic potential, with a focus on GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M Moubarak
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Daubon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
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4
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Yoshikawa R, Inoue J, Iwasaki R, Terauchi M, Fujii Y, Ohta M, Hasegawa T, Mizuno R, Mori T, Inazawa J. Therapeutic applications of local injection of hsa-miR-634 into canine spontaneous malignant melanoma tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1524-1529. [PMID: 37553484 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the most common tumors in both dogs and humans. As canine MM (CMM) and human MM (HMM) have similar clinical characteristics, CMM appears to be a good clinical model for HMM. We previously demonstrated that the introduction of a synthetic double-strand-microRNA-634 (miR-634) mimic triggered apoptotic cell death by directly targeting the genes associated with cytoprotective processes in various human cancer cell lines, including those of HMM. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of the local administration of miR-634 on spontaneous CMMs to provide a basis for future applications of miR-634 formulations in HMM treatment. We found that miR-634 administration induced apoptosis in CMM cell lines in vitro via downregulation of Asct2, Nrf2, and survivin expression, similar to the mechanisms in HMM cell lines. Furthermore, intratumoral miR-634 administration induced antitumor effects in four of seven spontaneous CMM cases, with no adverse effects. Local administration of miR-634 to lung metastasis under ultrasound guidance induced tumor shrinkage. These results confirm the antitumor effect of the local administration of miR-634 in spontaneous CMM, a model for spontaneous HMM, thereby providing a novel treatment strategy for HMM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Iwasaki
- Animal Medical Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Fujii
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Maya Ohta
- Animal Medical Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Rui Mizuno
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mori
- Animal Medical Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Core Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Mukherjee AG, Gopalakrishnan AV. The mechanistic insights of the antioxidant Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in oncogenesis: a deadly scenario. Med Oncol 2023; 40:248. [PMID: 37480500 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein has garnered significant interest due to its crucial function in safeguarding cells and tissues. The Nrf2 protein is crucial in preserving tissue integrity by safeguarding cells against metabolic, xenobiotic and oxidative stress. Due to its various functions, Nrf2 is a potential pharmacological target for reducing the incidence of diseases such as cancer. However, mutations in Keap1-Nrf2 are not consistently favored in all types of cancer. Instead, they seem to interact with specific driver mutations of tumors and their respective tissue origins. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 pathway mutations are a powerful cancer adaptation that utilizes inherent cytoprotective pathways, encompassing nutrient metabolism and ROS regulation. The augmentation of Nrf2 activity elicits significant alterations in the characteristics of neoplastic cells, such as resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, safeguarding against apoptosis, heightened invasiveness, hindered senescence, impaired autophagy and increased angiogenesis. The altered activity of Nrf2 can arise from diverse genetic and epigenetic modifications that instantly impact Nrf2 regulation. The present study aims to showcase the correlation between the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and the progression of cancers, emphasizing genetic mutations, metabolic processes, immune regulation, and potential therapeutic strategies. This article delves into the intricacies of Nrf2 pathway anomalies in cancer, the potential ramifications of uncontrolled Nrf2 activity, and therapeutic interventions to modulate the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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6
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Khan AU, Khan A, Shal B, Khan S, Khan M, Ahmad R, Riaz M. The critical role of the phytosterols in modulating tumor microenvironment via multiple signaling: A comprehensive molecular approach. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1606-1623. [PMID: 36757068 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and its cases are rapidly increasing every year. Several factors contribute to the development of tumorigenesis. including radiation, dietary lifestyle, smoking, environmental, and genetic factors. The cell cycle is regulated by a variety of molecular signaling proteins. However, when the proteins involved in the cell cycle regulation are altered, cellular growth and proliferation are significantly affected. Natural products provide an important source of new drug development for a variety of ailments. including cancer. Phytosterols (PSs) are an important class of natural compounds reported for numerous pharmacological activities, including cancer. Various PSs, such as ergosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, withaferin A, etc., have been reported for their anti-cancer activities against a variety of cancer by modulating the tumor microenvironment via molecular signaling pathways discussed within the article. These signaling pathways are associated with the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, growth factors, chemokines, and pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes. These mediators and their upstream signaling are very active within the variety of tumors and by modulating these signalings, thus PS exhibits promising anti-cancer activities. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy as well the safety of the phytosterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shal
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, IQRA University, Islamabad Campus, (Chak Shahzad), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Majid Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products & Alternative Medicines College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Sheringal, Pakistan
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7
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Fang X, Pan A. MiR-507 inhibits the progression of gastric carcinoma via targeting CBX4-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin and HIF-1α pathways. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:2021-2028. [PMID: 35819589 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a common malignant disease with high morbidity and mortality. MiR-507 has been confirmed as a tumor inhibitor which can suppress the progression of multiple cancers while its role in GC remains unknown. METHODS In this study, the expression levels of miR-507 in the GC tissues and cells were observed by qRT-PCR, and CCK-8 assay, transwell asssay and TUNEL assay were used to observe the function of miR-507 on GC. The miRNA database and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to investigate the downstream target of miR-507. Moreover, the activities of Wnt/β-catenin and HIF-1α pathways were observed by western blot. RESULTS The results showed that miR-507 was significantly downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines, and miR-507 upregulation effectively inhibited the proliferation and invasion and induced the apoptosis of GC cells. CBX4 was a downstream target of miR-507, and CBX4 could reverse the effects of miR-507 on the GC cells. Moreover, it was determined that miR-507 could inhibit CBX4 expression to suppress the activation of Wnt/β-catenin and HIF-1α pathways. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it suggests that miR-507 could inhibit the progression of GC via regulating CBX4-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin and HIF-1α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, 34 Yanguan Lane, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anping Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, 34 Yanguan Lane, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Maimaitizunong R, Wang K, Li H. Ferroptosis and its emerging role in esophageal cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1027912. [PMID: 36237575 PMCID: PMC9551460 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1027912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of tumors involve a series of life activities of cells, among which cell death has always been a crucial part in the research of tumor mechanisms and treatment methods. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death, which is characterized by lipid peroxidation accumulation and further cell membrane rupture caused by excessive production of intracellular oxygen free radicals dependent on iron ions. Esophageal cancer is one of the common digestive tract tumors. Patients in the early stage are mainly treated with surgery, and the curative effect is awe-inspiring. However, surgery is far from enough for terminal patients, and it is the best choice to combine radiotherapy and chemotherapy before the operation or during the perioperative period. Although the treatment plan for patients with advanced esophageal cancer is constantly being optimized, we are disappointed at the still meager 5-year survival rate of patients and the poor quality of life. A series of complex problems, such as increased chemotherapy drug resistance and decreased radiotherapy sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells, are waiting for us to tackle. Perhaps ferroptosis can provide practical and feasible solutions and bring new hope to patients with advanced esophageal cancer. The occurrence of ferroptosis is related to the dysregulation of iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glutamate metabolism. Therefore, these dysregulated metabolic participant proteins and signaling pathways are essential entry points for using cellular ferroptosis to resist the occurrence and development of cancer cells. This review first introduced the main regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis. It then summarized the current research status of ferroptosis in esophageal cancer, expecting to provide ideas for the research related to ferroptosis in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezeye Maimaitizunong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medicine School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hui Li
- Central Laboratory of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li,
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9
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The KEAP1-NRF2 System and Esophageal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194702. [PMID: 36230622 PMCID: PMC9564177 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of many cytoprotective genes. NRF2 activation is mainly regulated by KEAP1 (kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) through ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. Esophageal cancer is classified histologically into two major types: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). ESCC harbors more genetic alterations in the KEAP-NRF2 system than EAC does, which results in NRF2 activation in these cancers. NRF2-addicted ESCC exhibits increased malignancy and acquisition of resistance to chemoradiotherapy. Therefore, it has been recognized that the development of drugs targeting the KEAP1-NRF2 system based on the molecular dissection of NRF2 function is important and urgent for the treatment of ESCC, along with efficient clinical screening for NRF2-addicted ESCC patients. Recently, the fate of NRF2-activated cells in esophageal tissues, which was under the influence of strong cell competition, and its relationship to the pathogenesis of ESCC, was clarified. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the KEAP1-NRF2 system and the treatment of ESCC. We propose three main strategies for the treatment of NRF2-addicted cancer: (1) NRF2 inhibitors, (2) synthetic lethal drugs for NRF2-addicted cancers, and (3) NRF2 inducers of the host defense system.
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10
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Qiao G, Zhang W, Dong K. Regulation of ferroptosis by noncoding RNAs: a novel promise treatment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2193-2202. [PMID: 35449482 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly prevalent tumor that requires extensive research. Ferroptosis is a unique cell death modality driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation manifested as an accumulation of lipid-reactive oxygen species. With further understanding of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), numerous studies have demonstrated an important regulatory role of ncRNAs in ESCC through ferroptosis, including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs. These ncRNAs influence the expression of the target gene to regulate ESCC progression by involving the ferroptosis signaling pathway. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs on ferroptosis in ESCC remains largely unknown. This review summarized the current knowledge on the relation between ferroptosis regulators, such as glutathione synthesis/metabolism, Keap1/Nfr2, and p53, by ncRNAs and ESCC. This review also proposed the possible therapeutic approaches for ncRNAs targeting ferroptosis in ESCC. This is the latest and most effective summary of recent research achievements of ncRNAs on ferroptosis in ESCC. These ncRNAs based on ferroptosis merit further investigation in preclinical research of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanen Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Handan City, 25 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, Hebei, China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Handan City, 25 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, Hebei, China
| | - Kui Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Handan City, 25 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, Hebei, China
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11
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Tran PX, Inoue J, Harada H, Inazawa J. Potential for reversing miR-634-mediated cytoprotective processes to improve efficacy of chemotherapy against oral squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:897-908. [PMID: 35571376 PMCID: PMC9073396 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
For advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy is a major challenge in improving treatment outcomes, and targeting cytoprotective processes that lead to the chemotherapy resistance of cancer cells may be therapeutically promising. Tumor-suppressive microRNAs (miRNAs) can target multiple cancer-promoting genes concurrently and are thus expected to be useful seeds for cancer therapeutics. We revealed that miR-634-mediated targeting of multiple cytoprotective process-related genes, including cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1), can effectively increase cisplatin (CDDP)-induced cytotoxicity and overcome CDDP resistance in OSCC cells. The combination of topical treatment with miR-634 ointment and administration of CDDP was synergistically effective against OSCC tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, the expression of miR-634 target genes is frequently upregulated in primary OSCC tumors. Our study suggests that reversing miR-634-mediated cytoprotective processes activated in cancer cells is a potentially useful strategy to improve CDDP efficacy against advanced OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Xuan Tran
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Weidle UH, Nopora A. MicroRNAs and Corresponding Targets in Esophageal Cancer as Shown In Vitro and In Vivo in Preclinical Models. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2022; 19:113-129. [PMID: 35181582 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is associated with a dismal prognosis. Therefore, identification of new targets and implementation of new treatment modalities are issues of paramount importance. Based on a survey of the literature, we identified microRNAs conferring antitumoral activity in preclinical in vivo experiments. In the category of miRs targeting secreted factors and transmembrane receptors, four miRs were up-regulated and 10 were down-regulated compared with five out of nine in the category transcription factors, and six miRs were down-regulated in the category enzymes, including metabolic enzymes. The down-regulated miRs have targets which can be inhibited by small molecules or antibody-related entities, or re-expressed by reconstitution therapy. Up-regulated miRs have targets which can be reconstituted with small molecules or inhibited with antagomirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Adam Nopora
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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13
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Gall Trošelj K, Tomljanović M, Jaganjac M, Matijević Glavan T, Čipak Gašparović A, Milković L, Borović Šunjić S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saha S, Saso L, Žarković N. Oxidative Stress and Cancer Heterogeneity Orchestrate NRF2 Roles Relevant for Therapy Response. Molecules 2022; 27:1468. [PMID: 35268568 PMCID: PMC8912061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and its end-products, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), initiate activation of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2)/Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1 (KEAP1) signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. However, an involvement of 4-HNE and NRF2 in processes associated with the initiation of cancer, its progression, and response to therapy includes numerous, highly complex events. They occur through interactions between cancer and stromal cells. These events are dependent on many cell-type specific features. They start with the extent of NRF2 binding to its cytoplasmic repressor, KEAP1, and extend to the permissiveness of chromatin for transcription of Antioxidant Response Element (ARE)-containing genes that are NRF2 targets. This review will explore epigenetic molecular mechanisms of NRF2 transcription through the specific molecular anatomy of its promoter. It will explain the role of NRF2 in cancer stem cells, with respect to cancer therapy resistance. Additionally, it also discusses NRF2 involvement at the cross-roads of communication between tumor associated inflammatory and stromal cells, which is also an important factor involved in the response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koraljka Gall Trošelj
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marko Tomljanović
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (A.Č.G.); (L.M.); (S.B.Š.); (N.Ž.)
| | - Tanja Matijević Glavan
- Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ana Čipak Gašparović
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (A.Č.G.); (L.M.); (S.B.Š.); (N.Ž.)
| | - Lidija Milković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (A.Č.G.); (L.M.); (S.B.Š.); (N.Ž.)
| | - Suzana Borović Šunjić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (A.Č.G.); (L.M.); (S.B.Š.); (N.Ž.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Neven Žarković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (A.Č.G.); (L.M.); (S.B.Š.); (N.Ž.)
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14
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Posttranscriptional regulation of Nrf2 through miRNAs and their role in Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106018. [PMID: 34863823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/Nrf2) is a pivotal facilitator of cytoprotective responses against the oxidative/electrophilic insults. Upon activation, Nrf2 induces transcription of a wide range of cytoprotective genes having antioxidant response element (ARE) in their promoter region. Dysfunction in Nrf2 signaling has been linked to the pathogenesis of AD and several studies have suggested that boosting Nrf2 expression/activity by genetic or pharmacological approaches is beneficial in AD. Among the diverse mechanisms that regulate the Nrf2 signaling, miRNAs-mediated regulation of Nrf2 has gained much attention in recent years. Several miRNAs have been reported to directly repress the post-transcriptional expression of Nrf2 and thereby negatively regulate the Nrf2-dependent cellular cytoprotective response in AD. Moreover, several Nrf2 targeting miRNAs are misregulated in AD brains. This review is focused on the role of misregulated miRNAs that directly target Nrf2, in AD pathophysiology. Here, alongside a general description of functional interactions between miRNAs and Nrf2, we have reviewed the evidence indicating the possible role of these miRNAs in AD pathogenesis.
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15
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The Antioxidant Transcription Factor Nrf2 in Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111939. [PMID: 34769371 PMCID: PMC8585042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that controls cellular defense responses against toxic and oxidative stress by modulating the expression of genes involved in antioxidant response and drug detoxification. In addition to maintaining redox homeostasis, Nrf2 is also involved in various cellular processes including metabolism and inflammation. Nrf2 activity is tightly regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels, which allows cells to quickly respond to pathological stress. In the present review, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of Nrf2. We also focus on the impact of Nrf2 in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury, a condition that stimulates the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Finally, we analyze the protective effect of several natural and synthetic compounds that induce Nrf2 activation and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the heart and other organs, and their potential clinical application.
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16
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Nrf2 and Heme Oxygenase-1 Involvement in Atherosclerosis Related Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091463. [PMID: 34573095 PMCID: PMC8466960 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis remains the underlying process responsible for cardiovascular diseases and the high mortality rates associated. This chronic inflammatory disease progresses with the formation of occlusive atherosclerotic plaques over the inner walls of vascular vessels, with oxidative stress being an important element of this pathology. Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) induces endothelial dysfunction, foam cell activation, and inflammatory response, resulting in the formation of fatty streaks in the atherosclerotic wall. With this in mind, different approaches aim to reduce oxidative damage as a strategy to tackle the progression of atherosclerosis. Special attention has been paid in recent years to the transcription factor Nrf2 and its downstream-regulated protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), both known to provide protection against atherosclerotic injury. In the current review, we summarize the involvement of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis, focusing on the role that these antioxidant molecules exert, as well as the potential therapeutic strategies applied to enhance their antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties.
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17
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Nutrition Strategy and Life Style in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072452. [PMID: 34371961 PMCID: PMC8308732 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we present an extensive narrative review of the broadly understood modifications to the lifestyles of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The PubMed database was analyzed, combining PCOS entries with causes, diseases, diet supplementation, lifestyle, physical activity, and use of herbs. The metabolic pathways leading to disturbances in lipid, carbohydrate, and hormonal metabolism in targeted patients are described. The article refers to sleep disorders, changes in mental health parameters, and causes of oxidative stress and inflammation. These conditions consistently lead to the occurrence of severe diseases in patients suffering from diabetes, the fatty degeneration of internal organs, infertility, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, dysbiosis, and cancer. The modification of lifestyles, diet patterns and proper selection of nutrients, pharmacological and natural supplementation in the form of herbs, and physical activity have been proposed. The progress and consequences of PCOS are largely modifiable and depend on the patient’s approach, although we have to take into account also the genetic determinants.
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18
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Nrf2 as a potential target for Parkinson's disease therapy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:917-931. [PMID: 33844027 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder featuring both motor and nonmotor symptoms associated with a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Conventionally, PD treatment options have focused on dopamine replacement and provide only symptomatic relief. However, disease-modifying therapies are still unavailable. Mechanistically, genetic and environmental factors can produce oxidative stress which has been implicated as a core contributor to the initiation and progression of PD through the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Importantly, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is essential for maintaining redox homeostasis by binding to the antioxidant response element which exists in the promoter regions of most genes coding for antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase have been implicated in the regulation of Nrf2 activity during PD. Here, we review the evidence supporting the regulation of Nrf2 through Keap1-dependent and Keap1-independent mechanisms. We also address that targeting Nrf2 may provide a therapeutic option to mitigate oxidative stress-associated PD. Finally, we discuss currently known classes of small molecule activators of Nrf2, including Nrf2-activating compounds in PD.
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19
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Zhi Y, Gao L, Wang B, Ren W, Liang KX, Zhi K. Ferroptosis Holds Novel Promise in Treatment of Cancer Mediated by Non-coding RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686906. [PMID: 34235152 PMCID: PMC8255676 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death that is associated with iron metabolism and oxidative stress. As a physiological mechanism, ferroptosis selectively removes cancer cells by regulating the expression of vital chemical molecules. Current findings on regulation of ferroptosis have largely focused on the function of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs), in mediating ferroptotic cell death, while the sponging effect of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has not been widely studied. In this review, we discuss the molecular regulation of ferroptosis and highlight the value of circRNAs in controlling ferroptosis and carcinogenesis. Herein, we deliberate future role of this emerging form of regulated cell death in cancer therapeutics and predict the progression and prognosis of oncogenesis in future clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Baisheng Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kristina Xiao Liang
- Neuro-SysMed, Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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20
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Inoue J, Inazawa J. Cancer-associated miRNAs and their therapeutic potential. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:937-945. [PMID: 34088973 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA; miR) is a functionally small non-coding RNA and can negatively regulate gene expression by directly binding to the target gene. Some miRNAs are closely involved in the development and progression of cancer and are abnormally expressed in many cancer types. Therefore, control of the expression of cancer-associated miRNAs is expected as a next-generation drug modality to treat advanced types of cancers with high unmet medical needs. Indeed, miRNA therapeutics, which are based on the functional inhibition of oncogenic miRNA (OncomiR) using antisense oligonucleotides (anti-miR) and the replacement via the introduction of a synthetic miRNA mimic for tumor suppressive miRNA (TS-miR), have been developed. In this review, we summarize cancer-associated miRNAs related to various cancer pathologies and their clinical application to miRNA therapeutics for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Inoue
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan. .,Bioresource Research Center, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Yoshida K, Yokoi A, Yamamoto Y, Kajiyama H. ChrXq27.3 miRNA cluster functions in cancer development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:112. [PMID: 33766100 PMCID: PMC7992321 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of their target genes post-transcriptionally; thus, they are deeply involved in fundamental biological processes. miRNA clusters contain two or more miRNA-encoding genes, and these miRNAs are usually coexpressed due to common expression mechanisms. Therefore, miRNA clusters are effective modulators of biological pathways by the members coordinately regulating their multiple target genes, and an miRNA cluster located on the X chromosome q27.3 region has received much attention in cancer research recently. In this review, we discuss the novel findings of the chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster in various types of cancer. The chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster contains 30 mature miRNAs synthesized from 22 miRNA-encoding genes in an ~ 1.3-Mb region. The expressions of these miRNAs are usually negligible in many normal tissues, with the male reproductive system being an exception. In cancer tissues, each miRNA is dysregulated, compared with in adjacent normal tissues. The miRNA-encoding genes are not uniformly distributed in the region, and they are further divided into two groups (the miR-506-514 and miR-888-892 groups) according to their location on the genome. Most of the miRNAs in the former group are tumor-suppressive miRNAs that are further downregulated in various cancers compared with normal tissues. miR-506-3p in particular is the most well-known miRNA in this cluster, and it has various tumor-suppressive functions associated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, proliferation, and drug resistance. Moreover, other miRNAs, such as miR-508-3p and miR-509-3p, have similar tumor-suppressive effects. Hence, the expression of these miRNAs is clinically favorable as prognostic factors in various cancers. However, the functions of the latter group are less understood. In the latter group, miR-888-5p displays oncogenic functions, whereas miR-892b is tumor suppressive. Therefore, the functions of the miR-888–892 group are considered to be cell type- or tissue-specific. In conclusion, the chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster is a critical regulator of cancer progression, and the miRNAs themselves, their regulatory mechanisms, and their target genes might be promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan. .,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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22
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Mirzaei S, Mohammadi AT, Gholami MH, Hashemi F, Zarrabi A, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Samec M, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Nabavi N, Aref AR, Ashrafizadeh M, Khan H, Najafi M. Nrf2 signaling pathway in cisplatin chemotherapy: Potential involvement in organ protection and chemoresistance. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105575. [PMID: 33771701 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a vital transcription factor and its induction is of significant importance for protecting against oxidative damage. Increased levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) stimulate Nrf2 signaling, enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. These enzymes are associated with retarding oxidative stress. On the other hand, Nrf2 activation in cancer cells is responsible for the development of chemoresistance due to disrupting oxidative mediated-cell death by reducing ROS levels. Cisplatin (CP), cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), is a potent anti-tumor agent extensively used in cancer therapy, but its frequent application leads to the development of chemoresistance as well. In the present study, association of Nrf2 signaling with chemoresistance to CP and protection against its deleterious effects is discussed. Anti-tumor compounds, mainly phytochemicals, retard chemoresistance by suppressing Nrf2 signaling. Upstream mediators such as microRNAs can regulate Nrf2 expression during CP chemotherapy regimens. Protection against side effects of CP is mediated via activating Nrf2 signaling and its downstream targets activating antioxidant defense system. Protective agents that activate Nrf2 signaling, can ameliorate CP-mediated ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Reducing ROS levels and preventing cell death are the most important factors involved in alleviating CP toxicity upon Nrf2 activation. As pre-clinical experiments advocate the role of Nrf2 in chemoprotection and CP resistance, translating these findings to the clinic can provide a significant progress in treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Tabatabaei Mohammadi
- Asu Vanda Gene Research Company, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Science Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pisa, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6 Canada
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanashah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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23
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Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Panieri E, Cevik D, Suzen S, Saso L. Therapeutic Targeting of the NRF2 Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:1417. [PMID: 33808001 PMCID: PMC7961421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases with an increasing incidence and mortality all over the world. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel therapies targeting major cancer-related pathways. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its major negative modulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) are main players of the cellular defense mechanisms against internal and external cell stressors. However, NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway is dysregulated in various cancers, thus promoting tumor cell survival and metastasis. In the present review, we discuss the mechanisms of normal and deregulated NRF2 signaling pathway focusing on its cancer-related functions. We further explore activators and inhibitors of this pathway as cancer targeting drug candidates in order to provide an extensive background on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Telkoparan-Akillilar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, 06520 Ankara, Turkey; (P.T.-A.); (D.C.)
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Dilek Cevik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, 06520 Ankara, Turkey; (P.T.-A.); (D.C.)
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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NRF2/ACSS2 axis mediates the metabolic effect of alcohol drinking on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem J 2021; 477:3075-3089. [PMID: 32776152 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol drinking is a leading risk factor for the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the molecular mechanisms of alcohol-associated ESCC remain poorly understood. One of the most commonly mutated genes in ESCC is nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2 or NRF2), which is a critical transcription factor regulating oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. When NRF2 is hyperactive in cancer cells, however, it leads to metabolic reprogramming, cell proliferation, chemoradioresistance, and poor prognosis. In this study, hyperactive NRF2 was found to up-regulate acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family members 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme that converts acetate to acetyl-CoA, in ESCC cells and mouse esophagus. We also showed that knockdown of NRF2 or ACSS2 led to decreased ACSS2 expression, which in turn reduced the levels of acetyl-CoA and ATP with or without ethanol exposure. In addition, ethanol exposure enhanced lipid synthesis in ESCC cells. Moreover, we observed a change in the metabolic profile of ESCC cells exposed to ethanol as a result of their NRF2 or ACSS2 status. We further showed that ACSS2 contributed to the invasive capability of NRF2high ESCC cells exposed to ethanol. In conclusion, the NRF2/ACSS2 axis mediates the metabolic effect of alcohol drinking on ESCC.
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D'Souza LC, Mishra S, Chakraborty A, Shekher A, Sharma A, Gupta SC. Oxidative Stress and Cancer Development: Are Noncoding RNAs the Missing Links? Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1209-1229. [PMID: 31891666 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: It is now clear that genetic changes underlie the basis of cancer, and alterations in functions of multiple genes are responsible for the process of tumorigenesis. Besides the classical genes that are usually implicated in cancer, the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as independent entitites has also been investigated. Recent Advances: The microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), two main classes of ncRNAs, are known to regulate many aspects of tumor development. ROS, generated during oxidative stress and pathological conditions, are known to regulate every step of tumor development. Conversely, oxidative stress and ROS producing agents can suppress tumor development. The malignant cells normally produce high levels of ROS compared with normal cells. The interaction between ROS and ncRNAs regulates the expression of multiple genes and pathways implicated in cancer, suggesting a unique mechanistic relationship among ncRNA-ROS-cancer. The mechanistic relationship has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, and malignancies of blood, breast, colorectum, esophagus, kidney, lung, mouth, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and stomach. The ncRNA-ROS regulate several cancer-related cell signaling pathways, namely, protein kinase B (AKT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p53, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β). Critical Issues: To date, most of the reports about ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis relationships are based on cell lines. The mechanistic basis for this relationship has not been completely elucidated. Future Directions: Attempts should be made to explore the association of lncRNAs with ROS. The significance of the ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis interplay should also be explored through studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Fabrizio FP, Sparaneo A, Muscarella LA. NRF2 Regulation by Noncoding RNAs in Cancers: The Present Knowledge and the Way Forward. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123621. [PMID: 33287295 PMCID: PMC7761714 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The NRF2 pathway represents one of the most intriguing pathways that promotes chemo- and radioresistance of neoplastic cells. Increasing findings suggest that the NRF2 signaling can be modulated by multiple epigenetic factors such as noncoding RNAs, which influence a large number of oncogenic mechanisms, both at transcriptional and at post-transcriptional levels. As a consequence, the identification and characterization of specific noncoding RNAs as biomarkers related to oxidative stress may help to clarify the relationship between them and NRF2 signaling in the tumor context, in terms of positive and negative modulation, also referring to their intersection with other NRF2 crosstalking pathways. In this review, we summarize the recent updates on NRF2 network regulation by noncoding RNAs in tumors, thus paving the way toward the potential translational role of these small RNAs as key tumor biomarkers of neoplastic processes. Abstract Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is the key transcription factor triggered by oxidative stress that moves in cells of the antioxidant response element (ARE)-antioxidant gene network against reactive oxygen species (ROS) cellular damage. In tumors, the NRF2 pathway represents one of the most intriguing pathways that promotes chemo- and radioresistance of neoplastic cells and its activity is regulated by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms; some of these being poorly investigated in cancer. The noncoding RNA (ncRNA) network is governed by microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and modulates a variety of cellular mechanisms linked to cancer onset and progression, both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In recent years, the scientific findings about the effects of ncRNA landscape variations on NRF2 machines are rapidly increasing and need to be continuously updated. Here, we review the latest knowledge about the link between NRF2 and ncRNA networks in cancer, thus focusing on their potential translational significance as key tumor biomarkers.
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Smolková K, Mikó E, Kovács T, Leguina-Ruzzi A, Sipos A, Bai P. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Regulating Cancer Metabolism. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:966-997. [PMID: 31989830 PMCID: PMC7533893 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (NFE2L2, or NRF2) is a transcription factor predominantly affecting the expression of antioxidant genes. NRF2 plays a significant role in the control of redox balance, which is crucial in cancer cells. NRF2 activation regulates numerous cancer hallmarks, including metabolism, cancer stem cell characteristics, tumor aggressiveness, invasion, and metastasis formation. We review the molecular characteristics of the NRF2 pathway and discuss its interactions with the cancer hallmarks previously listed. Recent Advances: The noncanonical activation of NRF2 was recently discovered, and members of this pathway are involved in carcinogenesis. Further, cancer-related changes (e.g., metabolic flexibility) that support cancer progression were found to be redox- and NRF2 dependent. Critical Issues: NRF2 undergoes Janus-faced behavior in cancers. The pro- or antineoplastic effects of NRF2 are context dependent and essentially based on the specific molecular characteristics of the cancer in question. Therefore, systematic investigation of NRF2 signaling is necessary to clarify its role in cancer etiology. The biggest challenge in the NRF2 field is to determine which cancers can be targeted for better clinical outcomes. Further, large-scale genomic and transcriptomic studies are missing to correlate the clinical outcome with the activity of the NRF2 system. Future Directions: To exploit NRF2 in a clinical setting in the future, the druggable members of the NRF2 pathway should be identified. In addition, it will be important to study how the modulation of the NRF2 system interferes with cytostatic drugs and their combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Smolková
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alberto Leguina-Ruzzi
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Improving the Efficacy of EGFR Inhibitors by Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma with miR-634 Ointment. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:294-307. [PMID: 33294587 PMCID: PMC7695908 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
For cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), topical treatment is an essential option for patients who are not candidates for, or who refuse, surgery. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a key role in the development of cSCC, but EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as gefitinib, have shown only partial clinical benefit in this disease. Thus, there is an unmet need to develop novel strategies for improving the efficacy of TKIs in cSCC. We previously demonstrated that the tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) miR-634 functions as a negative modulator of the cytoprotective cancer cell survival processes and is a useful anticancer therapeutic agent. In the present study, we found that topical application of an ointment containing miR-634 inhibited in vivo tumor growth without toxicity in a cSCC xenograft mouse model and a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced papilloma mouse model. Functional validation revealed that miR-634 overexpression reduced glutaminolysis by directly targeting ASCT2, a glutamine transporter. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-634 synergistically enhanced TKI-induced cytotoxicity by triggering severe energetic stress in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we propose that topical treatment with miR-634 ointment is a useful strategy for improving for EGFR TKI-based therapy for cSCC.
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Zhou L, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Nice E, Zou B, Huang C. Revisiting cancer hallmarks: insights from the interplay between oxidative stress and non-coding RNAs. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2020; 1:4. [PMID: 35006436 PMCID: PMC8603983 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-020-00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common disease worldwide, with complex changes and certain traits which have been described as “The Hallmarks of Cancer.” Despite increasing studies on in-depth investigation of these hallmarks, the molecular mechanisms associated with tumorigenesis have still not yet been fully defined. Recently, accumulating evidence supports the observation that microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), two main classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), regulate most cancer hallmarks through their binding with DNA, RNA or proteins, or encoding small peptides. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), the byproducts generated during metabolic processes, are known to regulate every step of tumorigenesis by acting as second messengers in cancer cells. The disturbance in ROS homeostasis leads to a specific pathological state termed “oxidative stress”, which plays essential roles in regulation of cancer progression. In addition, the interplay between oxidative stress and ncRNAs is found to regulate the expression of multiple genes and the activation of several signaling pathways involved in cancer hallmarks, revealing a potential mechanistic relationship involving ncRNAs, oxidative stress and cancer. In this review, we provide evidence that shows the essential role of ncRNAs and the interplay between oxidative stress and ncRNAs in regulating cancer hallmarks, which may expand our understanding of ncRNAs in the cancer development from the new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Edouard Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China. .,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China.
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Zhang X, Wang L, Li H, Zhang L, Zheng X, Cheng W. Crosstalk between noncoding RNAs and ferroptosis: new dawn for overcoming cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:580. [PMID: 32709863 PMCID: PMC7381619 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression including proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance has become a serious hindrance to cancer therapy. This phenomenon mainly derives from the innate insensitive or acquired resistance of cancer cells to apoptosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered mechanism of programmed cell death characterized by peroxidation of the lipid membrane induced by reactive oxygen species. Ferroptosis has been confirmed to eliminate cancer cells in an apoptosis-independent manner, however, the specific regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis is still unknown. The use of ferroptosis for overcoming cancer progression is limited. Noncoding RNAs have been found to play an important roles in cancer. They regulate gene expression to affect biological processes of cancer cells such as proliferation, cell cycle, and cell death. Thus far, the functions of ncRNAs in ferroptosis of cancer cells have been examined, and the specific mechanisms by which noncoding RNAs regulate ferroptosis have been partially discovered. However, there is no summary of ferroptosis associated noncoding RNAs and their functions in different cancer types. In this review, we discuss the roles of ferroptosis-associated noncoding RNAs in detail. Moreover, future work regarding the interaction between noncoding RNAs and ferroptosis is proposed, the possible obstacles are predicted and associated solutions are put forward. This review will deepen our understanding of the relationship between noncoding RNAs and ferroptosis, and provide new insights in targeting noncoding RNAs in ferroptosis associated therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiulan Zheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
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Zhang J, Cong R, Zhang Q, Zeng T, Song R, Meng X. Integrative analysis of ceRNA network and DNA methylation associated with gene expression in malignant pheochromocytomas: a study based on The Cancer Genome Atlas. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:344-354. [PMID: 32420140 PMCID: PMC7214974 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2020.01.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have revealed a new mechanism of interaction between RNAs. Epigenetic regulation in the gene expression dynamics has become increasingly important in malignant pheochromocytomas (PCCs). We performed an integrative analysis of ceRNA networks and DNA methylation to identify key biomarkers and contribute to the understanding of the molecular biological mechanisms of malignant PCCs. Methods Differentially expressed genes in malignant PCCs and controls were identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas database by using the Limma package in R (v3.4.4). An abnormal lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed for malignant PCCs, and function enrichment analysis was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. For DNA methylation datasets, the methylation analysis package was used in identifying differential methylation genes, and potential prognostic genes were identified by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results A total of 447 lncRNAs, 26 miRNAs, and 1,607 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in malignant PCCs as compared with those in normal samples. We then constructed an abnormal lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network for malignant PCCs. The network consisted of 12 lncRNAs, 6 miRNAs, and 220 mRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed mRNAs were particularly enriched in the biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. Furthermore, four differentially expressed mRNAs from ceRNAs were identified through the cross-analysis of gene expression and DNA methylation profiles. LncRNA C9orf147 and 6 out of 220 mRNAs were indicated as prognostic biomarkers for patients with malignant PCCs (P<0.05). Conclusions Our research increases the understanding of the pathogenesis of malignant PCCs and offers potential genes as underlying therapeutic targets or prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qijie Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tengyue Zeng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rijin Song
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xianghu Meng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Abstract
Cullin 3 (Cul3) family of ubiquitin ligases comprises three components, the RING finger protein RBX1, the Cul3 scaffold, and a Bric-a-brac/Tramtrack/Broad complex (BTB) protein. The BTB protein serves as a bridge to connect Cul3 to substrate and is functionally equivalent to the combination of substrate adaptor and linker in other Cullin complexes. Human genome encodes for ~180 BTB proteins, implying a broad spectrum of ubiquitination signals and substrate repertoire. Accordingly, Cul3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in diverse cellular processes, including cell division, differentiation, cytoskeleton remodeling, stress responses, and nerve cell functions. Emerging evidence has pointed to the prominent role of Cul3 ubiquitin ligases in cancer. This chapter will describe recent advances on the roles of Cul3 E3 ligase complexes in regulating various cancer hallmarks and therapeutic responses and the mutation/dysregulation of Cul3 substrate adaptors in cancer. In particular, we will focus on several extensively studied substrate adaptors, such as Keap1, SPOP, KLHL20, and LZTR1, and will also discuss other recently identified Cul3 adaptors with oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions. We conclude that Cul3 ubiquitin ligases represent master regulators of human malignancies and highlight the importance of developing modulating agents for oncogenic/tumor-suppressive Cul3 E3 ligase complexes to prevent or intervene tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Gokita K, Inoue J, Ishihara H, Kojima K, Inazawa J. Therapeutic Potential of LNP-Mediated Delivery of miR-634 for Cancer Therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 19:330-338. [PMID: 31877409 PMCID: PMC6938807 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by interfering with the translation or stability of target transcripts. Some tumor-suppressive miRNAs can concurrently target multiple cancer-promoting genes and may be useful as therapeutic anticancer agents. However, the development of drug delivery systems is critical for the implementation of miRNA-based therapeutics. We have previously demonstrated that the enforced expression of miR-634 effectively induces apoptosis by concurrently and directly targeting genes associated with mitochondrial homeostasis, antiapoptosis signaling, antioxidant ability, and autophagy in cancer cells. In the current study, we validated the therapeutic potential of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mediated delivery of miR-634 for cancer therapy. We confirmed the ability of enforced expression of miR-634 to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, including pancreatic cancer cells. Intravenous administration of LNPs harboring miR-634 significantly reduced the xenograft tumor growth of BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells in mice. These findings suggest that LNP-mediated delivery of miR-634 can potentially be used for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Gokita
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Minimally Invasive Treatment, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Ishihara
- Nanomedicine Research, hhc Data Creation Center, Eisai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kojima
- Department of Minimally Invasive Treatment, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Potential Applications of NRF2 Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8592348. [PMID: 31097977 PMCID: PMC6487091 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8592348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The NRF2/KEAP1 pathway represents one of the most important cell defense mechanisms against exogenous or endogenous stressors. Indeed, by increasing the expression of several cytoprotective genes, the transcription factor NRF2 can shelter cells and tissues from multiple sources of damage including xenobiotic, electrophilic, metabolic, and oxidative stress. Importantly, the aberrant activation or accumulation of NRF2, a common event in many tumors, confers a selective advantage to cancer cells and is associated to malignant progression, therapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Hence, in the last years, NRF2 has emerged as a promising target in cancer treatment and many efforts have been made to identify therapeutic strategies aimed at disrupting its prooncogenic role. By summarizing the results from past and recent studies, in this review, we provide an overview concerning the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway, its biological impact in solid and hematologic malignancies, and the molecular mechanisms causing NRF2 hyperactivation in cancer cells. Finally, we also describe some of the most promising therapeutic approaches that have been successfully employed to counteract NRF2 activity in tumors, with a particular emphasis on the development of natural compounds and the adoption of drug repurposing strategies.
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Cloer EW, Goldfarb D, Schrank TP, Weissman BE, Major MB. NRF2 Activation in Cancer: From DNA to Protein. Cancer Res 2019; 79:889-898. [PMID: 30760522 PMCID: PMC6397706 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas catalogued alterations in the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway in 6.3% of patient samples across 226 studies, with significant enrichment in lung and upper airway cancers. These alterations constitutively activate NRF2-dependent gene transcription to promote many of the cancer hallmarks, including cellular resistance to oxidative stress, xenobiotic efflux, proliferation, and metabolic reprogramming. Almost universally, NRF2 activity strongly associates with poor patient prognosis and chemo- and radioresistance. Yet to date, FDA-approved drugs targeting NRF2 activity in cancer have not been realized. Here, we review various mechanisms that contribute to NRF2 activation in cancer, organized around the central dogma of molecular biology (i) at the DNA level with genomic and epigenetic alterations, (ii) at the RNA level including differential mRNA splicing and stability, and (iii) at the protein level comprising altered posttranslational modifications and protein-protein interactions. Ultimately, defining and understanding the mechanisms responsible for NRF2 activation in cancer may lead to novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica W Cloer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dennis Goldfarb
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Travis P Schrank
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Bernard E Weissman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael B Major
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Zhang B, Ma Z, Tan B, Lin N. Targeting the cell signaling pathway Keap1-Nrf2 as a therapeutic strategy for adenocarcinomas of the lung. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 23:241-250. [PMID: 30556750 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1559824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) signaling plays a pivotal role in response to oxidative stress in lung cancer. Mutations in KEAP1/NFE2L2 genes always cause persistent Nrf2 activation in lung cancer cells that confer therapeutic resistance and aggressive tumorigenic activity, dictating either poor prognosis or short duration of response to chemotherapy in clinical observations. Areas covered: We provide a review of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of Keap1-Nrf2 at different stages, including genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications, translational/post-translational alterations, and protein-protein interactions. Based on the current knowledge, we discuss the possibilities of intervening Keap1-Nrf2 in lung adenocarcinoma as a therapeutic target. Expert opinion: It is prevalently conceived that Keap1-Nrf2 signaling plays different roles at diverse stages of cancer. Although various Nrf2 or Keap1 inhibitors have been reported during the last decades, none of these inhibitors are currently under clinical studies or in clinical applications, suggesting that sole inhibition of Nrf2 might not be sufficient to suppress tumor growth. On the basis of current studies, we suggest that the rational combination of Nrf2 suppression with chemical agents which cause enhanced oxidative imbalance or abnormal metabolism would be promising in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China.,b Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Biqin Tan
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Nengming Lin
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China.,b Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
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37
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Ma S, Paiboonrungruan C, Yan T, Williams KP, Major MB, Chen XL. Targeted therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: the NRF2 signaling pathway as target. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1434:164-172. [PMID: 29752726 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly disease that requires extensive research. Here, we review the current understanding of the functions of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway in the esophagus. Genomic data suggest that gene mutations and several other mechanisms result in NRF2 hyperactivation in human ESCC. As a consequence, NRF2high ESCC is more resistant to chemoradiotherapy and associated with poorer survival than NRF2low ESCC. Mechanistically, we believe NRF2, functioning as a transcription factor, causes an esophageal phenotype through regulation of gene transcription. We discuss metabolism, mitochondria, proteasomes, and several signaling pathways as downstream players that may contribute to an esophageal phenotype due to NRF2 hyperactivation. Finally, strategies are proposed to target the NRF2 signaling pathway for therapy of NRF2high ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chorlada Paiboonrungruan
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tiansheng Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kevin P Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - M Ben Major
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiaoxin Luke Chen
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina.,Center for Esophageal Disease and Swallowing, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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38
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Epigenetic versus Genetic Deregulation of the KEAP1/NRF2 Axis in Solid Tumors: Focus on Methylation and Noncoding RNAs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2492063. [PMID: 29643973 PMCID: PMC5872633 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2492063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative and electrophilic changes in cells are mainly coordinated by the KEAP1/NRF2 (Kelch-like erythroid-derived cap-n-collar homology- (ECH-) associated protein-1/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) axis. The physical interaction between these two proteins promotes the expression of several antioxidant defense genes in response to exogenous and endogenous insults. Recent studies demonstrated that KEAP1/NRF2 axis dysfunction is also strongly related to tumor progression and chemo- and radiotherapy resistance of cancer cells. In solid tumors, the KEAP1/NRF2 system is constitutively activated by the loss of KEAP1 or gain of NFE2L2 functions that leads to its nuclear accumulation and enhances the transcription of many cytoprotective genes. In addition to point mutations, epigenetic abnormalities, as aberrant promoter methylation, and microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) deregulation were reported as emerging mechanisms of KEAP1/NRF2 axis modulation. This review will summarize the current knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms that deregulate the KEAP1/NRF2 cascade in solid tumors and their potential usefulness as prognostic and predictive molecular markers.
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39
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Kitano Y, Baba Y, Nakagawa S, Miyake K, Iwatsuki M, Ishimoto T, Yamashita YI, Yoshida N, Watanabe M, Nakao M, Baba H. Nrf2 promotes oesophageal cancer cell proliferation via metabolic reprogramming and detoxification of reactive oxygen species. J Pathol 2018; 244:346-357. [PMID: 29243822 DOI: 10.1002/path.5021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells consume a large amount of energy and maintain high levels of anabolism to promote cell proliferation via metabolic reprogramming. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2; NFE2L2) is a master transcription regulator of stress responses and promotes metabolic reprogramming to support cell proliferation in various types of cancer. As oesophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal cancers, we aimed to clarify the effect of Nrf2 on metabolic reprogramming in oesophageal cancer. The relationship between Nrf2 expression and clinical outcome was evaluated using a database comprising 201 oesophageal cancers. Using in vitro assays and metabolome analysis, we examined the mechanism by which Nrf2 affects malignant phenotype. High-level immunohistochemical expression of Nrf2 was significantly associated with poor recurrence-free survival (HR = 2.67, p = 0.0004) and overall survival (HR = 2.90, p < 0.0001) in oesophageal cancer patients. In an in vitro assay with siRNA in TE-11 cells, which showed high Nrf2 expression, Nrf2 depletion significantly decreased cell growth and enhanced G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were not removed by detoxification via the Nrf2 pathway, with concomitant induction of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The metabolome analysis showed that Nrf2 strongly promoted metabolic reprogramming to glutathione metabolism, which synthesizes the essential fuels for cancer progression. Furthermore, metabolome analysis using oesophageal cancer specimens confirmed that samples displaying high Nrf2 expression promoted glutathione synthesis. Metabolic reprogramming to glutathione metabolism, and ROS detoxification by activation of Nrf2, enhanced cancer progression and led to a poor clinical outcome in oesophageal cancer patients. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kitano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shigeki Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Wang LH, Lin CY, Liu SC, Liu GT, Chen YL, Chen JJ, Chan CH, Lin TY, Chen CK, Xu GH, Chen SS, Tang CH, Wang SW. CCL5 promotes VEGF-C production and induces lymphangiogenesis by suppressing miR-507 in human chondrosarcoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:36896-36908. [PMID: 27166194 PMCID: PMC5095047 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequently occurring type of bone malignancy that is characterized by the distant metastasis propensity. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) is the major lymphangiogenic factor, and makes crucial contributions to tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Chemokine CCL5 has been reported to facilitate angiogenesis and metastasis in chondrosarcoma. However, the effect of chemokine CCL5 on VEGF-C regulation and lymphangiogenesis in chondrosarcoma has largely remained a mystery. In this study, we showed a clinical correlation between CCL5 and VEGF-C as well as tumor stage in human chondrosarcoma tissues. We further demonstrated that CCL5 promoted VEGF-C expression and secretion in human chondrosarcoma cells. The conditioned medium (CM) from CCL5-overexpressed cells significantly induced tube formation of human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Mechanistic investigations showed that CCL5 activated VEGF-C-dependent lymphangiogenesis by down-regulating miR-507. Moreover, inhibiting CCL5 dramatically reduced VEGF-C and lymphangiogenesis in the chondrosarcoma xenograft animal model. Collectively, we document for the first time that CCL5 induces tumor lymphangiogenesis by the induction of VEGF-C in human cancer cells. Our present study reveals miR-507/VEGF-C signaling as a novel mechanism in CCL5-mediated tumor lymphangiogenesis. Targeting both CCL5 and VEGF-C pathways might serve as the potential therapeutic strategy to block cancer progression and metastasis in chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongyang People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chia Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ting Liu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Han Chan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuan Chen
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Hong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongyang People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Shiou-Sheng Chen
- Department of Urology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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41
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Jung BJ, Yoo HS, Shin S, Park YJ, Jeon SM. Dysregulation of NRF2 in Cancer: from Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:57-68. [PMID: 29212307 PMCID: PMC5746038 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays an important role in redox metabolism and antioxidant defense. Under normal conditions, NRF2 proteins are maintained at very low levels because of their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation via binding to the kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. However, oxidative and/or electrophilic stresses disrupt the KEAP1-NRF2 interaction, which leads to the accumulation and transactivation of NRF2. During recent decades, a growing body of evidence suggests that NRF2 is frequently activated in many types of cancer by multiple mechanisms, including the genetic mutations in the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway. This suggested that NRF2 inhibition is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Recently, several NRF2 inhibitors have been reported with anti-tumor efficacy. Here, we review the mechanisms whereby NRF2 is dysregulated in cancer and its contribution to the tumor development and radiochemoresistance. In addition, among the NRF2 inhibitors reported so far, we summarize and discuss repurposed NRF2 inhibitors with their potential mechanisms and provide new insights to develop selective NRF2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Jin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Sic Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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42
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Jia L, Liu W, Cao B, Li H, Yin C. MiR-507 inhibits the migration and invasion of human breastcancer cells through Flt-1 suppression. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36743-36754. [PMID: 27167339 PMCID: PMC5095036 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/fms-related tyrosine kinase-1 (VEGFR-1/Flt-1) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that binds placental growth factor (PlGF). Flt-1 is also highly expressed in breast-cancer tissues and breast-cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanism by which Flt-1 promotes breast-cancer invasion and metastasis by binding to PlGF-1 is unclear. In this study, we discovered that PlGF-1 and Flt-1 played a key role in the migration and invasion of breast cancer. Flt-1 promoted the migration and chemotaxis of breast-cancer cells by binding to PlGF-1. In addition, Flt-1 was confirmed to be a direct target gene of miR-507. miR-507 up-regulation inhibited the invasion and metastasis of breast-cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Flt-1 overexpression rescued the invasion partially caused by the ectopic expression of miR-507. miR-507 expression in breast-cancer tissues and cell lines was lower than that in adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and normal cells. Clinical analysis indicated that miR-507 was negatively correlated with tumor differentiation, lymphatic metastasis, and the expression of Flt-1 in breast cancer. Furthermore, we showed that miR-507 down-regulation was due to the hypermethylation of its promotor region. Our results indicated that miR-507 represented potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer by modulating Flt-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Jia
- Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Medicine Research Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Chonggao Yin
- College of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
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43
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Yang W, Ma J, Zhou W, Zhou X, Cao B, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Fan D, Hong L. Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of miRNAs in drug resistance of esophageal cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:1151-1163. [PMID: 28838272 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1372189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of esophageal cancer, drug resistance is becoming a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy since chemotherapy is regarded as a curative approach to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Despite the great progress in anticancer treatment achieved during the last decades, the mechanisms of multidrug resistance have not been completely elucidated. Recently, accumulating studies and pre-clinical reports highlighted the role of miRNAs in the drug resistance of esophageal cancer. Areas covered: In this review, we mainly summarized the current advances of miRNAs in esophageal cancer and the mechanisms underlying drug resistance. We also reviewed the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers for predicting drug response and prognosis. Finally, we envisaged the future orientation and challenges in translating the existing knowledge of drug resistance related miRNAs into clinical applications. Expert commentary: Based on the current knowledge of certain miRNAs, we believe that miRNAs would be helpful to overcome the drug resistance and provide personalized treatment for patients with esophageal cancer. The aims of this study were to provide a comprehensive summary on the emerging role of miRNAs in the drug resistance of esophageal cancer and attract broad attention of more researchers on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xin Zhou
- b The First Brigade of Student , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Bo Cao
- b The First Brigade of Student , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- c Department of Digestive Surgery , Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- c Department of Digestive Surgery , Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Daiming Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Liu Hong
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
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44
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Akdemir B, Nakajima Y, Inazawa J, Inoue J. miR-432 Induces NRF2 Stabilization by Directly Targeting KEAP1. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:1570-1578. [PMID: 28760781 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcriptional regulator that integrates cellular stress responses and is negatively regulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) at the post-translational level. In human cancers, aberrantly stabilized NRF2, by the mutation of either NRF2 or KEAP1 or by the potential inhibition of autophagy, plays a vital role in tumor growth and chemoresistance through the activation of target genes. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression by interfering with translation and/or stability of target transcripts. However, miRNA-mediated regulation of the NRF2-KEAP1 pathway under physiological conditions is poorly understood. Here, miR-432-3p positively regulates NRF2 activity through the downregulation of KEAP1 by a direct-binding mechanism to the coding region of KEAP1. Overexpression of miR-432-3p resulted in a decreased sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells to chemotherapy drugs including cisplatin (CDDP). Conversely, the inhibition of miR-432-3p expression by the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in an increased sensitivity of ESCC cells to CDDP. Furthermore, miR-432-3p was overexpressed in primary ESCC tumors (55 of 84, 65.5%) and a negative correlation between the expression level of KEAP1 and miR-432-3p in primary ESCC tumors was observed.Implications: These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of NRF2 stabilization in human cancers. Mol Cancer Res; 15(11); 1570-8. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Akdemir
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nakajima
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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45
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Xing S, Zheng X, Wei LQ, Song SJ, Liu D, Xue N, Liu XM, Wu MT, Zhong Q, Huang CM, Zeng MS, Liu WL. Development and Validation of a Serum Biomarker Panel for the Detection of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through RNA Transcriptome Sequencing. J Cancer 2017; 8:2346-2355. [PMID: 28819439 PMCID: PMC5560154 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum tumor markers for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have low sensitivity. This study aims to identify new serum markers for ESCC diagnosis from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. RNA-seq was performed using six pairs of ESCC and matched normal tissues. The candidates for ESCC were screened from the differentially expressed genes. The candidates were analyzed by ELISA from the serum of a test group and a validation group. Real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of the candidates in tumor cell lines and tumor tissues. Ten genes were selected from the RNA-seq data. Serum levels of ADAM12, CHI3L1, MMP13 and SPP1 were significantly higher in the ESCC patients than in the healthy controls. A diagnostic model combining CHI3L1, MMP13, and SPP1 was established. The area under the curve (AUC) values for serum CHI3L1, MMP13, and SPP1 and the diagnostic model for discriminating ESCC patients from controls were 0.732, 0.881, 0.661 and 0.928, respectively. In the validation cohort, the AUC values were 0.753, 0.789, 0.696 and 0.843, respectively. Moreover, the AUC of the model for classifying patients with early ESCC was 0.918 in the test group and 0.857 in the validation group. Overexpression of CHI3L1, MMP13 and SPP1 was observed in the tumor cell lines and tissues. The diagnostic model composed of CHI3L1, MMP13 and SPP1 discriminates ESCC patients with high sensitivity. Our data highlight the potential of this diagnostic model for the noninvasive diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiang Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xian, China
| | - Shi-Jian Song
- Guangdong Experimental High School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chu-Mei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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46
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Jeddi F, Soozangar N, Sadeghi MR, Somi MH, Samadi N. Contradictory roles of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in cancer prevention/promotion and chemoresistance. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 54:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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47
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The Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway: An update on its regulation and possible role in cancer prevention and treatment. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:393-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Biersack B. Interactions between anticancer active platinum complexes and non-coding RNAs/microRNAs. Noncoding RNA Res 2017; 2:1-17. [PMID: 30159416 PMCID: PMC6096430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum(II) complexes such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are clinically approved for the therapy of various solid tumors. Challenging pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the response of cancers towards platinum-based drugs are strongly influenced by non-coding small RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs). Both increased platinum activity and formation of tumor resistance towards platinum drugs are controlled by miRNAs. This review gives an overview of the interactions between platinum-based drugs and miRNAs, and their influence on platinum activity in various cancer types is discussed.
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Key Words
- 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil
- Anticancer drugs
- CBDCA, cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate
- Carboplatin
- Cisplatin
- DACH, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane
- DDP, cisplatin
- EGCG, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- EOX, epirubicin/oxaliplatin/xeloda
- FOLFOX, folinate/5-FU/oxaliplatin
- GC, gemcitabine/cisplatin, gastric cancer
- LNA, locked nucleic acid
- MVAC, methotrexate/vinblastine/adriamycin/cisplatin
- MicroRNA
- Oxaliplatin
- Platinum complexes
- XELOX, xeloda/oxaliplatin
- dTTP, deoxythymidine triphosphate
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Akiyama S, Saeki H, Nakashima Y, Iimori M, Kitao H, Oki E, Oda Y, Nakabeppu Y, Kakeji Y, Maehara Y. Prognostic impact of MutT homolog-1 expression on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2016; 6:258-266. [PMID: 27917618 PMCID: PMC5269568 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MutT homolog‐1 (MTH1) is a pyrophosphatase that acts on oxidized nucleotides and hydrolyzes 8‐oxo‐2’‐deoxyguanosine triphosphate in deoxynucleoside triphosphate pool to prevent its incorporation into nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, result in reduce cytotoxicity in tumor cells. MTH1 is overexpressed in various cancers and is considered as a therapeutic target. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are critical risk factors for the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), suggesting that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of ESCC. We examined the expression of MTH1 and the accumulation of 8‐oxo‐2’‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxo‐dG) in 84 patients with ESCC who underwent curative resection without neoadjuvant therapy. MTH1 mRNA level was quantified by performing quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin‐embedded cancer tissues was performed to determine MTH1 protein expression and 8‐oxo‐dG accumulation. MTH1 mRNA expression was higher in cancerous tissues than in the corresponding normal epithelium (P < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that high MTH1 expression was significantly associated with deeper tumor invasion and venous invasion, advanced cancer stage, and poor overall survival (P = 0.0021) and disease‐specific survival (P = 0.0013) compared with low MTH1 expression. Furthermore, high MTH1 expression was an independent predictor of poor disease‐specific survival (P = 0.0121). In contrast, 8‐oxo‐dG accumulation was not associated with any clinicopathological factor and poor prognosis. These results suggest that MTH1 overexpression is a predictor of ESCC progression and poor prognosis and that MTH1 can serve as a therapeutic target for treating patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Akiyama
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Division of Gastrointestinal SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Makoto Iimori
- Department of Molecular OncologyGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitao
- Department of Molecular OncologyGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Innovative Anticancer Strategy for Therapeutics and Diagnosis GroupInnovation Center for Medical Redox NavigationKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic PathologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yusaku Nakabeppu
- Division of Neurofunctional GenomicsDepartment of Immunobiology and NeuroscienceMedical Institute of BioregulationKyushu University, FukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Innovative Anticancer Strategy for Therapeutics and Diagnosis GroupInnovation Center for Medical Redox NavigationKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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Wei Y, Sun Q, Zhao L, Wu J, Chen X, Wang Y, Zang W, Zhao G. LncRNA UCA1-miR-507-FOXM1 axis is involved in cell proliferation, invasion and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in melanoma. Med Oncol 2016; 33:88. [PMID: 27389544 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the incidence of melanoma has been on the rise. Patients with distant metastasis share poor prognosis. Increasing studies have been conducted to clarify the molecular mechanisms as well as to investigate potential effective therapeutic targets in the development of melanoma. This study focuses on the LncRNA UCA1 and its downstream regulated factors. In our experiments, UCA1 expression was discovered to be upregulated in melanoma tissues and cells, while the depletion of UCA1 led to the inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and cell cycle arrest. To further our understanding of the mechanisms of UCA1, a system of experiments was built. We found that miR-507 could directly bind to UCA1 at the miRNA recognition site, and that there was a negative correlation between miR-507 and UCA1. Additionally, FOXM1 is a target of miR-507 and can be downregulated by either miR-507 overexpression or UCA1 depletion. Downregulated FOXM1 was analogous to the depletion of UCA1 and the overexpression of miR-507. These results, taken together, provide evidence for a novel UCA1 interaction regulatory network in tumorigenesis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wei
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, 454000, Henan, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lindong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, 454000, Henan, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wenqiao Zang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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