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Hasani S, Pourfarzi F, Mazani M, Yazdanbod A, Fazaeli A. Association of ANRIL Gene Polymorphisms with Gastric Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024. [PMID: 39377150 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2024.0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer's (GC) cause is unknown, but its complexity indicates that, in addition to environmental factors, it may have genetic origins. Scientists are studying single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) gene, which encodes a long noncoding RNA molecule. They found a link between the ANRIL gene product and some polymorphisms and GC, suggesting genetic changes may lead to precancerous conditions. Methods: In a case-control research that included 250 patients with GC and 210 controls who were age- and gender-matched, four SNPs within the ANRIL gene were genotyped. These SNPs were rs1333049, rs496892, rs2383207, and rs2151280. Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-PCR was utilized to carry out the process of genotyping. Results: It was found that the chance of developing GC was connected with three SNPs rs2151280, rs1333049, and rs496892. Nevertheless, rs2383207 did not demonstrate any meaningful connection. In addition, whereas CCTC and TTCC haplotypes were shown to be less common, certain haplotypes that contained these SNPs (TTCG, TCTC, and TTTC) displayed a considerably higher prevalence in the cancer group in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: This study showed novel associations between specific ANRIL gene polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of GC. These findings shed light on the potential role of ANRIL SNPs in GC risk and highlight the need for additional research to clarify the underlying functional processes. Understanding these functional processes might lead to developing novel diagnostic or treatment approaches for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Hasani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Farhad Pourfarzi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mazani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Fazaeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Taghvimi S, Soltani Fard E, Khatami SH, Zafaranchi Z M S, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A, Ghasemi H. lncRNA HOTAIR and Cardiovascular diseases. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:165. [PMID: 39294422 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) a major contributor to global mortality rates, with a steadily rising prevalence observed across the world. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of CVDs represents a salient and advantageous avenue toward the development of precision and targeted therapeutics. A recent development in CVDs research is the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are now understood to have crucial roles in the onset and development of several pathophysiological processes. The distinct expression patterns exhibited by lncRNAs in various CVDs contexts, present a significant opportunity for their utilization as both biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention. Among the various identified lncRNAs, HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) functions as signaling molecules that are significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders in response to risk factors. HOTAIR has been observed to circulate within the bloodstream and possesses an integral epigenetic regulatory function in the transcriptional pathways of many diseases. Recent studies have suggested that HOTAIR offers promise as a biomarker for the detection and treatment of CVDs. The investigation on HOTAIR's role in CVDs, however, is still in its early phases. The goal of the current study is to give a thorough overview of recent developments in the field of analyzing the molecular mechanism of HOTAIR in controlling the pathophysiological processes of CVDs as well as its possible therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Taghvimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elahe Soltani Fard
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Zafaranchi Z M
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Hassan Ghasemi
- Research Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
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3
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Mahato RK, Bhattacharya S, Khullar N, Sidhu IS, Reddy PH, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Targeting long non-coding RNAs in cancer therapy using CRISPR-Cas9 technology: A novel paradigm for precision oncology. J Biotechnol 2024; 379:98-119. [PMID: 38065367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, despite recent advances in its identification and management. To improve cancer patient diagnosis and care, it is necessary to identify new biomarkers and molecular targets. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have surfaced as important contributors to various cellular activities, with growing proof indicating their substantial role in the genesis, development, and spread of cancer. Their unique expression profiles within specific tissues and their wide-ranging functionalities make lncRNAs excellent candidates for potential therapeutic intervention in cancer management. They are implicated in multiple hallmarks of cancer, such as uncontrolled proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. This review article explores the innovative application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in targeting lncRNAs as a cancer therapeutic strategy. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely applied in functional genomics, gene therapy, and cancer research, offering a versatile platform for lncRNA targeting. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated targeting of lncRNAs can be achieved through CRISPR interference, activation or the complete knockout of lncRNA loci. Combining CRISPR-Cas9 technology with high-throughput functional genomics makes it possible to identify lncRNAs critical for the survival of specific cancer subtypes, opening the door for tailored treatments and personalised cancer therapies. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated lncRNA targeting with other cutting-edge cancer therapies, such as immunotherapy and targeted molecular therapeutics can be used to overcome the drug resistance in cancer. The synergy of lncRNA research and CRISPR-Cas9 technology presents immense potential for individualized cancer treatment, offering renewed hope in the battle against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Mahato
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Srinjan Bhattacharya
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Inderpal Singh Sidhu
- Department of Zoology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Departments of Neurology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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Wang R, Yuan Q, Wen Y, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Wang S, Yuan C. ANRIL: A Long Noncoding RNA in Age-related Diseases. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1930-1939. [PMID: 38716553 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575295976240415045602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/16/2024]
Abstract
The intensification of the aging population is often accompanied by an increase in agerelated diseases, which impair the quality of life of the elderly. The characteristic feature of aging is progressive physiological decline, which is the largest cause of human pathology and death worldwide. However, natural aging interacts in exceptionally complex ways within and between organs, but its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of noncoding RNA that exceeds 200 nucleotides in length and does not possess protein-coding ability. It plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of diseases. ANRIL, also known as CDKN2B-AS1, is an antisense ncRNA located at the INK4 site. It can play a crucial role in agerelated disease progression by regulating single nucleotide polymorphism, histone modifications, or post-transcriptional modifications (such as RNA stability and microRNA), such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, tumor, arthritis, and osteoporosis. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA ANRIL in age-related diseases will help provide new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yuan Wen
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yaqi Hu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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Franco PIR, Neto JRDC, de Menezes LB, Machado JR, Miguel MP. Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer: A new look at long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154381. [PMID: 36857948 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. The increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its heterogeneity favors a better understanding of tumor biology and consequently the development of better diagnostic and treatment techniques. The advent of tumor genome sequencing techniques has highlighted more participants in the process, in addition to protein-coding genes. Thus, it is now known that long noncoding RNAs, previously described as transcriptional noise with no biological function, are intimately associated with tumor development. In breast cancer, they are abnormally expressed and closely associated with tumor progression, which makes them attractive diagnostic biomarkers and prognostic and specific therapeutic targets. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer is essential for the search for new treatment strategies. In this review, we summarize the major long noncoding RNAs and their association with the cancer characteristics of the ability to sustain proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, replicative immortality, activation of invasion and metastasis, induction of angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, reprogramming of energy metabolism, genomic instability and sustained mutations, promotion of tumor inflammation, and evasion of the immune system. In addition, we report and suggest how they can be used as prognostic biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Igor Ribeiro Franco
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Liliana Borges de Menezes
- Setor de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Marina Pacheco Miguel
- Setor de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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6
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Wang L, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Shao S, Ning Q, Zhao X, Luo M. Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognosis of chromobox Family Members in Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2023; 23:e206-e218. [PMID: 36890004 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromobox proteins are canonical components of the Polycomb group family and play pivotal roles in several cancers. However, little is known about the function, prognostic value and drug sensitivity of CBX family members in breast cancer. METHODS In this study we investigated the expression, prognosis value and drug sensitivity of CBX family in breast cancer using the ONCOMINE, GEPIA, Human Protein Atlas and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases, etc. and preliminary verified the expression of CBX family in breast cancer cell lines by RT-qPCR. RESULTS We found that the expression levels of CBX1/2/3/4/8 members were elevated in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal breast tissues, while the expression levels of CBX6/7 genes were reduced in breast cancer tissue. In vitro qRT-PCR validated the expression differences of CBX1/2/3/4/8 in breast cancer cell lines. Further analysis showed expression of CBX family members was remarkably correlated with cancer subgroups. As nodal metastasis status increased, the mRNA expression of CBX1/2/3/4/8 members tended to be higher, while CBX6/7 tended to be lower. The expression of CBX1/2/3 was higher in patients with TP53 mutation and CBX6/7 expression tended to be lower in patients with TP53 mutation groups. High transcription levels of CBX2/3 were significantly associated with shorter overall survival in breast cancer patients, while lower expression of CBX4/5/6/7 members was associated with unfavorable overall survival. Moreover, a high mutation rate of CBX gene members (43%) was observed in breast cancer patients, and genetic alterations in CBX genes was associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicated that CBX2/3/6/7/8 could be considered prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers of breast cancer and are worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Shan Shao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Qian Ning
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Xinhan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China.
| | - Minna Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China.
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Sun J, Li X, Yin J, Chen X, Zhu Z, Wu R, Yu E, Mao Z. Long non coding RNA COX10-DT promotes the progression of breast cancer via the COX10-DT/miR-206/BDNF axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 639:46-53. [PMID: 36463760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators in the biological development of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine the roles and mechanisms of the lncRNA COX10 divergent transcript (COX10-DT) in breast cancer progression. The relative expression level of COX10-DT was calculated in matched breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues using quantitative real-time PCR. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches further revealed the functions and mechanisms of COX10-DT in breast cancer cells. Clinically, we found that the lncRNA COX10-DT was commonly overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared to paired peritumoural tissues. Functionally, the lncRNA COX10-DT might promote the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, the lncRNA COX10-DT did not play a role by regulating the expression of its divergent gene COX10 but acted as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by directly sponging miR-206, which further regulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Taken together, our results proved that the lncRNA COX10-DT could function via the COX10-DT/miR-206/BDNF axis, thereby promoting the development of breast cancer. These findings indicated that the lncRNA COX10-DT might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Breast Surgery of Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215218, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of General Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Runda Wu
- Department of General Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - EnQiao Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Zhongqi Mao
- Department of General Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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8
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Mani N, Daiya A, Chowdhury R, Mukherjee S, Chowdhury S. Epigenetic adaptations in drug-tolerant tumor cells. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 158:293-335. [PMID: 36990535 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional chemotherapy against cancer is often severely hampered by acquired resistance to the drug. Epigenetic alterations and other mechanisms like drug efflux, drug metabolism, and engagement of survival pathways are crucial in evading drug pressure. Herein, growing evidence suggests that a subpopulation of tumor cells can often tolerate drug onslaught by entering a "persister" state with minimal proliferation. The molecular features of these persister cells are gradually unraveling. Notably, the "persisters" act as a cache of cells that can eventually re-populate the tumor post-withdrawal drug pressure and contribute to acquiring stable drug-resistant features. This underlines the clinical significance of the tolerant cells. Accumulating evidence highlights the importance of modulation of the epigenome as a critical adaptive strategy for evading drug pressure. Chromatin remodeling, altered DNA methylation, and de-regulation of non-coding RNA expression and function contribute significantly to this persister state. No wonder targeting adaptive epigenetic modifications is increasingly recognized as an appropriate therapeutic strategy to sensitize them and restore drug sensitivity. Furthermore, manipulating the tumor microenvironment and "drug holiday" is also explored to maneuver the epigenome. However, heterogeneity in adaptive strategies and lack of targeted therapies have significantly hindered the translation of epigenetic therapy to the clinics. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the epigenetic alterations adapted by the drug-tolerant cells, the therapeutic strategies employed to date, and their limitations and future prospects.
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Gareev I, Kudriashov V, Sufianov A, Begliarzade S, Ilyasova T, Liang Y, Beylerli O. The role of long non-coding RNA ANRIL in the development of atherosclerosis. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:212-216. [PMID: 36157350 PMCID: PMC9467859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis of coronary heart disease, and the antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) is located in the genetically susceptible segment with the strongest correlation with it - the short arm 2 region 1 of chromosome 9 (Chr9p21). ANRIL can produce linear, circular and other transcripts through different transcriptional splicing methods, which can regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of related cells and closely related to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Linear ANRIL can regulate proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in plaques by chromatin modification, as well as affecting on proliferation and the apoptosis of macrophages at the transcriptional level; circular ANRIL can affect on proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs by chromatin modification as well as interfering with rRNA maturation. In this review we describe the evolutionary characteristics of ANRIL, the formation and structure of transcripts, and the mechanism by which each transcript regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular cells and then participates in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | | | - Albert Sufianov
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Sema Begliarzade
- Republican Clinical Perinatal Center, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450106, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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10
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Najafi S, Khatami SH, Khorsand M, Jamali Z, Shabaninejad Z, Moazamfard M, Majidpoor J, Aghaei Zarch SM, Movahedpour A. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs); roles in tumorigenesis and potentials as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113294. [PMID: 35870535 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New research has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the pathogenesis of many complex human diseases, including cancer. The detailed regulation mechanisms of many lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression have yet to be discovered, even though a few of lncRNAs' functions in cancer have been characterized. In the present study, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer. We focused on the roles of newly-identified lncRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, as well as the potential pathways these molecules could play. The paper also discusses their potential uses as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Yao Y, Liang Y, Dong X, Liu S, Zhang S, Liu W, Li Y, Shi L, Yan Z, Yao Y. Association of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) ANRIL and MALAT1 Polymorphism with Cervical Cancer. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:359-375. [PMID: 35480403 PMCID: PMC9037735 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s358453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their polymorphisms play crucial roles in the development of different cancers. Methods Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ANRIL and MALAT1 (rs1333045, rs4977574, rs1333048, and rs10757278 in ANRIL and rs11227209, rs619586, rs664589, and rs3200401 in MALAT1) were enrolled and genotyped in a total of 1248 samples, including 587 patients with cervical cancer (CC) and 661 healthy individuals using in TaqMan assay. The association of these SNPs with CC was then evaluated. Results Our results showed that the allele and genotype frequencies of rs3200401 in MALAT1 were significantly different between the control and CC groups after Bonferroni correction (P = 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively), indicating that the C allele is a protective factor against CC (OR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.57–0.87). In addition, the allele and genotype frequencies of rs4977574 in ANRIL were significantly different between the control and CC groups after Bonferroni correction (P = 0.004 and P = 0.014, respectively), and the A allele might be a protective factor for CC (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.68–0.93). For subgroup analysis, the alleles of rs3200401 in MALAT1 showed significant differences between the control and adenocarcinoma (AC) and control and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) groups (P = 0.005 and P = 0.004, respectively). The rs3200401C allele could be a protective factor for AC and SCC development (OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.38–0.85; OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.58–0.90). Moreover, the rs3200401C allele could be a protective factor for cervical cancer stage I development (OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.53–0.86). Conclusion Our results indicate that rs3200401 in MALAT1 and rs4977574 in ANRIL could play key roles in the CC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Nursing Health Sciences, Yunnan Open University, Kunming, 650223, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Dong
- The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province & The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao Zhang
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The First People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, 650011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiling Yan
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhiling Yan, Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
- Yufeng Yao, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, People’s Republic of China, Email
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12
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Induction of senescence-associated secretory phenotype underlies the therapeutic efficacy of PRC2 inhibition in cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:155. [PMID: 35169119 PMCID: PMC8847585 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The methyltransferase Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), composed of EZH2, SUZ12, and EED subunits, is associated with transcriptional repression via tri-methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 residue (H3K27me3). PRC2 is a valid drug target, as the EZH2 gain-of-function mutations identified in patient samples drive tumorigenesis. PRC2 inhibitors have been discovered and demonstrated anti-cancer efficacy in clinic. However, their pharmacological mechanisms are poorly understood. MAK683 is a potent EED inhibitor in clinical development. Focusing on MAK683-sensitive tumors with SMARCB1 or ARID1A loss, we identified a group of PRC2 target genes with high H3K27me3 signal through epigenomic and transcriptomic analysis. Multiple senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) genes, such as GATA4, MMP2/10, ITGA2 and GBP1, are in this group besides previously identified CDKN2A/p16. Upon PRC2 inhibition, the de-repression of SASP genes is detected in multiple sensitive models and contributes to decreased Ki67+, extracellular matrix (ECM) reorganization, senescence associated inflammation and tumor regression even in CDKN2A/p16 knockout tumor. And the combination of PRC2 inhibitor and CDK4/6 inhibitor leads to better effect. The genes potential regulated by PRC2 in neuroblastoma samples exhibited significant enrichment of ECM and senescence associated inflammation, supporting the clinical relevance of our results. Altogether, our results unravel the pharmacological mechanism of PRC2 inhibitors and propose a combination strategy for MAK683 and other PRC2 drugs. ![]()
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13
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Chen S, Fang Y, Sun L, He R, He B, Zhang S. Long Non-Coding RNA: A Potential Strategy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:762752. [PMID: 34778084 PMCID: PMC8578871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.762752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), being one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, endangers human health. Because the pathological mechanism of CRC is not fully understood, there are many challenges in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently drawn great attention for their potential roles in the different stages of CRC formation, invasion, and progression, including regulation of molecular signaling pathways, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, tumor metabolism, immunological responses, cell cycle, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This review aims to discuss the potential mechanisms of several oncogenic lncRNAs, as well as several suppressor lncRNAs, in CRC occurrence and development to aid in the discovery of new methods for CRC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruonan He
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Hu J, Cao J, Topatana W, Juengpanich S, Li S, Zhang B, Shen J, Cai L, Cai X, Chen M. Targeting mutant p53 for cancer therapy: direct and indirect strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:157. [PMID: 34583722 PMCID: PMC8480024 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 is a critical tumor-suppressor gene that is mutated in more than half of all human cancers. Mutations in TP53 not only impair its antitumor activity, but also confer mutant p53 protein oncogenic properties. The p53-targeted therapy approach began with the identification of compounds capable of restoring/reactivating wild-type p53 functions or eliminating mutant p53. Treatments that directly target mutant p53 are extremely structure and drug-species-dependent. Due to the mutation of wild-type p53, multiple survival pathways that are normally maintained by wild-type p53 are disrupted, necessitating the activation of compensatory genes or pathways to promote cancer cell survival. Additionally, because the oncogenic functions of mutant p53 contribute to cancer proliferation and metastasis, targeting the signaling pathways altered by p53 mutation appears to be an attractive strategy. Synthetic lethality implies that while disruption of either gene alone is permissible among two genes with synthetic lethal interactions, complete disruption of both genes results in cell death. Thus, rather than directly targeting p53, exploiting mutant p53 synthetic lethal genes may provide additional therapeutic benefits. Additionally, research progress on the functions of noncoding RNAs has made it clear that disrupting noncoding RNA networks has a favorable antitumor effect, supporting the hypothesis that targeting noncoding RNAs may have potential synthetic lethal effects in cancers with p53 mutations. The purpose of this review is to discuss treatments for cancers with mutant p53 that focus on directly targeting mutant p53, restoring wild-type functions, and exploiting synthetic lethal interactions with mutant p53. Additionally, the possibility of noncoding RNAs acting as synthetic lethal targets for mutant p53 will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiasheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Win Topatana
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Shijie Li
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiliang Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Liuxin Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Cognitive Healthcare of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Cognitive Healthcare of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Krappinger JC, Bonstingl L, Pansy K, Sallinger K, Wreglesworth NI, Grinninger L, Deutsch A, El-Heliebi A, Kroneis T, Mcfarlane RJ, Sensen CW, Feichtinger J. Non-coding Natural Antisense Transcripts: Analysis and Application. J Biotechnol 2021; 340:75-101. [PMID: 34371054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding natural antisense transcripts (ncNATs) are regulatory RNA sequences that are transcribed in the opposite direction to protein-coding or non-coding transcripts. These transcripts are implicated in a broad variety of biological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis and oncogenic progression. With this complex field still in its infancy, annotations, expression profiling and functional characterisations of ncNATs are far less comprehensive than those for protein-coding genes, pointing out substantial gaps in the analysis and characterisation of these regulatory transcripts. In this review, we discuss ncNATs from an analysis perspective, in particular regarding the use of high-throughput sequencing strategies, such as RNA-sequencing, and summarize the unique challenges of investigating the antisense transcriptome. Finally, we elaborate on their potential as biomarkers and future targets for treatment, focusing on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Krappinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for innovative Pichia pastoris host and vector systems, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lilli Bonstingl
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Pansy
- Division of Haematology, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Katja Sallinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nick I Wreglesworth
- North West Cancer Research Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2UW Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Grinninger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Austrian Biotech University of Applied Sciences, Konrad Lorenz-Straße 10, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Alexander Deutsch
- Division of Haematology, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Amin El-Heliebi
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Kroneis
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ramsay J Mcfarlane
- North West Cancer Research Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2UW Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph W Sensen
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Computational Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14/V, 8010 Graz, Austria; HCEMM Kft., Római blvd. 21, 6723 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signalling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for innovative Pichia pastoris host and vector systems, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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16
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He M, Yue L, Wang H, Yu F, Yu M, Ni P, Zhang K, Chen S, Duan G, Zhang R. Evaluation of the prognostic value of CBXs in gastric cancer patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12375. [PMID: 34117289 PMCID: PMC8196000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91649-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromobox (CBX) proteins were suggested to exert epigenetic regulatory and transcriptionally repressing effects on target genes and might play key roles in the carcinogenesis of a variety of carcinomas. Nevertheless, the functions and prognostic significance of CBXs in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. The current study investigated the roles of CBXs in the prognosis of GC using the Oncomine, The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), UALCAN, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and cBioPortal databases. CBX1/2/3/4/5 were significantly upregulated in GC tissues compared with normal tissues, and CBX7 was downregulated. Multivariate analysis showed that high mRNA expression levels of CBX3/8 were independent prognostic factors for prolonged OS in GC patients. In addition, the genetic mutation rate of CBXs was 37% in GC patients, and genetic alterations in CBXs showed no association with OS or disease-free survival (DFS) in GC patients. These results indicated that CBX3/8 can be prognostic biomarkers for the survival of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya He
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Limin Yue
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Feiyan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingyang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peng Ni
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Longhua District, No.3 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 570216, China. .,Department of Experimentation Center, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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17
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To KKW, Fong W, Cho WCS. Immunotherapy in Treating EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: Current Challenges and New Strategies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:635007. [PMID: 34113560 PMCID: PMC8185359 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.635007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including monoclonal antibodies against programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have dramatically improved the survival and quality of life of a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Multiple predictive biomarkers have been proposed to select the patients who may benefit from the immune checkpoint inhibitors. EGFR-mutant NSCLC is the most prevalent molecular subtype in Asian lung cancer patients. However, patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC show poor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. While small-molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the preferred initial treatment for EGFR-mutant NSCLC, acquired drug resistance is severely limiting the long-term efficacy. However, there is currently no further effective treatment option for TKIs-refractory EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. The reasons mediating the poor response of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients to immunotherapy are not clear. Initial investigations revealed that EGFR-mutated NSCLC has lower PD-L1 expression and a low tumor mutational burden, thus leading to weak immunogenicity. Moreover, the use of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade prior to or concurrent with osimertinib has been reported to increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity. Furthermore, emerging evidence shows that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in NSCLC patients can lead to hyperprogressive disease associated with dismal prognosis. However, it is difficult to predict the treatment toxicity. New biomarkers are urgently needed to predict response and toxicity associated with the use of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Recently, promising data have emerged to suggest the potentiation of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy by anti-angiogenic agents and a few other novel therapeutic agents. This article reviews the current investigations about the poor response of EGFR-mutated NSCLC to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, and discusses the new strategies that may be adopted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie Fong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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18
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Kattan SW, Hobani YH, Shaheen S, Mokhtar SH, Hussein MH, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS, Abdalla HA. Association of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 gene expression and rs2383207 variant with breast cancer risk and survival. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:14. [PMID: 33849428 PMCID: PMC8045214 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The expression signature of deregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and related genetic variants is implicated in every stage of tumorigenesis, progression, and recurrence. This study aimed to explore the association of lncRNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) gene expression and the rs2383207A>G intronic variant with breast cancer (BC) risk and prognosis and to verify the molecular role and networks of this lncRNA in BC by bioinformatics gene analysis. Methods Serum CDKN2B-AS1 relative expression and rs2383207 genotypes were determined in 214 unrelated women (104 primary BC and 110 controls) using real-time PCR. Sixteen BC studies from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) including 8925 patients were also retrieved for validation of results. Results CDKN2B-AS1 serum levels were upregulated in the BC patients relative to controls. A/A genotype carriers were three times more likely to develop BC under homozygous (OR = 3.27, 95% CI 1.20–8.88, P = 0.044) and recessive (OR = 3.17, 95% CI 1.20–8.34, P = 0.013) models. G/G homozygous patients had a higher expression level [median and quartile values were 3.14 (1.52–4.25)] than A/G [1.42 (0.93–2.35)] and A/A [1.62 (1.33–2.51)] cohorts (P = 0.006). The Kaplan–Meier curve also revealed a higher mean survival duration of G/G cohorts (20.6 months) compared to their counterparts (A/A: 15.8 and A/G: 17.2 months) (P < 0.001). Consistently, BC data sets revealed better survival in cohorts with high expression levels (P = 0.003). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a deviation of patients who had shorter survival towards A/A and A/G genotypes, multiple lesions, advanced stage, lymphovascular invasion, and HER2+ receptor staining. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed key genes highly enriched in BC with CDKN2B-AS1. Conclusions The findings support the putative role of CDKN2B-AS1 as an epigenetic marker in BC and open a new avenue for its potential use as a therapeutic molecular target in this type of cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-021-00258-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad W Kattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya H Hobani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameerah Shaheen
- Anatomy Department and Stem Cell Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara H Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H Hussein
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. .,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hussein Abdelaziz Abdalla
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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19
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Heidari R, Akbariqomi M, Asgari Y, Ebrahimi D, Alinejad-Rokny H. A systematic review of long non-coding RNAs with a potential role in breast cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 787:108375. [PMID: 34083033 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human transcriptome contains many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play important roles in gene regulation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of ncRNAs with lengths between 200 and 200,000 bases. Unlike mRNA, lncRNA lacks protein-coding features, specifically, open-reading frames, and start and stop codons. LncRNAs have been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of many cancers, including breast cancer (BC), acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In this review, we systematically mined the literature to identify 65 BC-related lncRNAs. We then perform an integrative bioinformatics analysis to identify 14 lncRNAs with a potential regulatory role in BC. The biological function of these 14 lncRNAs, their regulatory mechanisms, and roles in the initiation and progression of BC are discussed in this review. Additionally, we elaborate on the current and future applications of lncRNAs as diagnostic and/or therapeutic biomarkers in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Heidari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Akbariqomi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yazdan Asgari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diako Ebrahimi
- Biomedical Informatics Lab, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, United States
| | - Hamid Alinejad-Rokny
- BioMedical Machine Learning Lab (BML), The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Core Member of UNSW Data Science Hub, The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Health Data Analytics Program Leader, AI-enabled Processes (AIP) Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, Australia.
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20
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Pan LJ, Chen JL, Wu ZX, Wu YM. Exportin-T: A Novel Prognostic Predictor and Potential Therapeutic Target for Neuroblastoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211039132. [PMID: 34469238 PMCID: PMC8414936 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211039132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exportins as the key mediators of nucleocytoplasmic transport have been identified as the controllers of the passage of numerous types of crucial cancer-related proteins. Targeting exportins in cancer cells might represent an emerging strategy in cancer intervention with the potential to affect clinical outcomes. Here, we focused on the prognostic and therapeutic values of Exportin-T (XPOT) in neuroblastoma. The correlation between the expression and prognostic values of XPOT in patients with neuroblastoma was investigated based on both published transcriptome data and our clinical data. Then, decision curve analysis (DCA) was implemented to identify a XPOT risk prediction model. In addition, RNA inference was performed to silence the expression of XPOT to further investigate the specific roles of XPOT in the progression of neuroblastoma in vitro. Overexpression of XPOT mRNA was associated with poor clinical characteristics, such as age at diagnosis more than 18 months, amplification of MYCN, and advanced International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage, and XPOT expression was identified as an independent poor prognosis factor for neuroblastoma using Cox proportional hazards model (P < .001). DCA suggested that neuroblastoma patients could benefit from XPOT risk prediction model-guided interventions (status of MYCN + INSS stage + XPOT). Experimentally, knockdown of XPOT by small interfering RNA inhibited the proliferation and migration in neuroblastoma cells. XPOT is identified as a novel prognostic predictor and potential therapeutic target for neuroblastoma patients. Further investigation should focus on the profound molecular mechanism underlying the tumor inhibition activity of XPOT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jia Pan
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Lei Chen
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow
University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wu
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow
University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye-Ming Wu
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow
University, Suzhou, China
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21
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Gao N, Li Y, Li J, Gao Z, Yang Z, Li Y, Liu H, Fan T. Long Non-Coding RNAs: The Regulatory Mechanisms, Research Strategies, and Future Directions in Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:598817. [PMID: 33392092 PMCID: PMC7775490 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.598817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and application of whole genome sequencing technology has greatly broadened our horizons on the capabilities of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs are more than 200 nucleotides in length and lack protein-coding potential. Increasing evidence indicates that lncRNAs exert an irreplaceable role in tumor initiation, progression, as well as metastasis, and are novel molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. Furthermore, lncRNAs and the pathways they influence might represent promising therapeutic targets for a number of tumors. Here, we discuss the recent advances in understanding of the specific regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs. We focused on the signal, decoy, guide, and scaffold functions of lncRNAs at the epigenetic, transcription, and post-transcription levels in cancer cells. Additionally, we summarize the research strategies used to investigate the roles of lncRNAs in tumors, including lncRNAs screening, lncRNAs characteristic analyses, functional studies, and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs. This review will provide a short but comprehensive description of the lncRNA functions in tumor development and progression, thus accelerating the clinical implementation of lncRNAs as tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yueheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengfan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Faculty of Medicine, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, St George Hospital, The University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianli Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Kumar S, Gonzalez EA, Rameshwar P, Etchegaray JP. Non-Coding RNAs as Mediators of Epigenetic Changes in Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3657. [PMID: 33291485 PMCID: PMC7762117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are untranslated RNA molecules that regulate gene expressions. NcRNAs include small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), circular RNAs (cRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). This review focuses on two types of ncRNAs: microRNAs (miRNAs) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We highlight the mechanisms by which miRNAs and lncRNAs impact the epigenome in the context of cancer. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs have the ability to interact with numerous epigenetic modifiers and transcription factors to influence gene expression. The aberrant expression of these ncRNAs is associated with the development and progression of tumors. The primary reason for their deregulated expression can be attributed to epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic alterations can cause the misregulation of ncRNAs. The experimental evidence indicated that most abnormally expressed ncRNAs impact cellular proliferation and apoptotic pathways, and such changes are cancer-dependent. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that, depending on the cancer type, either the upregulation or downregulation of ncRNAs can prevent the proliferation and progression of cancer. Therefore, a better understanding on how ncRNAs impact tumorigenesis could serve to develop new therapeutic treatments. Here, we review the involvement of ncRNAs in cancer epigenetics and highlight their use in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasree Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.K.); (E.A.G.)
| | - Edward A. Gonzalez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.K.); (E.A.G.)
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Etchegaray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.K.); (E.A.G.)
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23
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Anamag FT, Taheri M. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Controlling Cell Cycle Related Proteins in Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:608975. [PMID: 33330110 PMCID: PMC7734207 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.608975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle is regulated by a number of proteins namely cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their associated cyclins which bind with and activate CDKs in a phase specific manner. Additionally, several transcription factors (TFs) such as E2F and p53 and numerous signaling pathways regulate cell cycle progression. Recent studies have accentuated the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of cell cycle. Both lncRNAs and miRNAs interact with TFs participating in the regulation of cell cycle transition. Dysregulation of cell cycle regulatory miRNAs and lncRNAs results in human disorders particularly cancers. Understanding the role of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and TFs in the regulation of cell cycle would pave the way for design of anticancer therapies which intervene with the cell cycle progression. In the current review, we describe the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the regulation of cell cycle and their association with human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Li X, Gou J, Li H, Yang X. Bioinformatic analysis of the expression and prognostic value of chromobox family proteins in human breast cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17739. [PMID: 33082469 PMCID: PMC7576141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromobox (CBX) family proteins control chromatin structure and gene expression. However, the functions of CBXs in cancer progression, especially breast cancer, are inadequately studied. We assessed the significance of eight CBX proteins in breast cancer. We performed immunohistochemistry and bioinformatic analysis of data from Oncomine, GEPIA Dataset, bcGenExMiner, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, and cBioPortal. We compared mRNA and protein expression levels of eight CBX proteins between breast tumor and normal tissue. The expression difference of CBX7 was the greatest, and CBX7 was downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared with normal breast tissues. The expression of CBX2 was strongly associated with tumor stage. We further analyzed the association between the eight CBX proteins and the following clinicopathological features: menopause age, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER-2 receptor status, nodal status, P53 status, triple-negative status, and the Scarff–Bloom–Richardson grade (SBR) and Nottingham prognostic index (NPI). Survival analysis in the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database showed that the eight CBX proteins were significantly associated with prognosis. Moreover, CBX genes in breast cancer patients had a high net alteration frequency of 57%. There were significant co-expression correlations between the following CBX protein pairs: CBX4 positively with CBX8, CBX6 positively with CBX7, and CBX2 negatively with CBX7. We also analyzed the Gene Ontology enrichment of the CBX proteins, including biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. CBX 1/2/3/5/8 may be oncogenes for breast cancer, whereas CBX 6 and 7 may be tumor suppressors for breast cancer. All eight CBX proteins may be predictive for prognosis. Clinical trials are needed to confirm the significance of the eight CBX proteins in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhe Gou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjiang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Topoisomerase II alpha promotes gallbladder cancer proliferation and metastasis through activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:2321-2329. [PMID: 32925281 PMCID: PMC7546881 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) has been reported to play a crucial role in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types. However, the biological role of TOP2A in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unknown. The current study aimed to explore the function and potential mechanism of TOP2A in GBC. METHODS Based on Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis data, we found TOP2A was significantly up-regulated in GBC tissues and resulting in shorter overall survival. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were conducted to detect the expression of TOP2A in 45 pairs of GBC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. In vitro, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability were examined by cell counting kit-8 and transwell assay, respectively. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway-related markers were measured by Western blotting. Xenograft model assay was performed to evaluate the effect of TOP2A in vivo. RESULTS TOP2A was found up-regulated in GBC (tumor vs. normal, 12.62 vs. 0.34) and correlated with the late tumor node metastasis stage (P = 0.0032), present of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0273), and poor prognosis in GBC patients (log-rank P = 0.028). In vitro and in vivo assays showed that knockdown of TOP2A notably inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT process, and tumor growth in GBC. In addition, TOP2A down-regulation significantly decreased the protein levels of phosphor (p)-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that TOP2A was overexpressed in GBC and associated with poor prognosis in GBC patients. TOP2A promotes GBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT process, and tumor growth through activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GBC.
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26
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Toraih EA, El-Wazir A, Ageeli EA, Hussein MH, Eltoukhy MM, Killackey MT, Kandil E, Fawzy MS. Unleash multifunctional role of long noncoding RNAs biomarker panel in breast cancer: a predictor classification model. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1215-1237. [PMID: 32812439 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to explore the circulating expression profile of nine lncRNAs (MALAT1, HOTAIR, PVT1, H19, ROR, GAS5, ANRIL, BANCR, MIAT) in breast cancer (BC) patients relative to normal and risky individuals. Methods: Serum relative expressions of the specified long non-coding RNAs were quantified in 155 consecutive women, using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Random Forest (RF) and decision tree were also applied. Results: Significant MALAT1 upregulation and GAS5 downregulation could discriminate risky women from healthy controls. Overexpression of the other genes showed good diagnostic performances. Lower GAS5 levels were associated with metastasis and recurrence. RF model revealed a better performance when combining gene expression patterns with risk factors. Conclusion: The studied panel could be utilized as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in BC, providing promising epigenetic-based therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.,Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Aya El-Wazir
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H Hussein
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mohamed M Eltoukhy
- College of Computing and Information Technology, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mary T Killackey
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Surgery, Division of Endocrine & Oncologic Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Zhou M, Mao Y, Yu S, Li Y, Yin R, Zhang Q, Lu T, Sun R, Lin S, Qian Y, Xu Y, Fan H. LINC00673 Represses CDKN2C and Promotes the Proliferation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by EZH2-Mediated H3K27 Trimethylation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1546. [PMID: 33014799 PMCID: PMC7461945 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), some of the most abundant epigenetic regulators, play an important role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the current study, the functions and mechanisms of the lncRNA LINC00673 were investigated. The expression levels of LINC00673 and its potential target genes were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in ESCC surgical specimens and ESCC cell lines. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA FISH) was employed to detect the subcellular location and the levels of LINC00673 in ESCC samples from patients with different survival times. LINC00673 function in ESCC carcinogenesis was also evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Cell cycle synchronization was performed using serum withdrawal; the cell cycle was monitored by fluorescence analysis and cellular DNA was detected by flow cytometry. The molecular mechanisms underlying LINC00673 were explored via Western blotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and ChIP-PCR. Up-regulated LINC00673 was associated with poor prognosis in ESCC patients and promoted the proliferation of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Compared to the control group, depletion of LINC00673 in ESCC cells arrested the cell cycle, at least, at the G1/S checkpoint. Knockdown of LINC00673 significantly enhanced posttranscriptional expression of CDKN2C, and histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) was enriched at the promoter region of CDKN2C. After inhibiting EZH2, the CDKN2C expression levels were increased. The present findings are the first to reveal that LINC00673 represses CDKN2C expression and promotes ESCC cell proliferation by elevating EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 levels. These data suggest that LINC00673 regulates the cell cycle in ESCC and that it is a promising target for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhang Mao
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenling Yu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaofeng Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Qian
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Analysis of ANRIL gene polymorphism rs4977574 association with kidney cancer development in Ukrainian population. MEDICNI PERSPEKTIVI (MEDICAL PERSPECTIVES) 2020. [DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2020.2.206360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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29
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Cho H, Li Y, Archacki S, Wang F, Yu G, Chakrabarti S, Guo Y, Chen Q, Wang QK. Splice variants of lncRNA RNA ANRIL exert opposing effects on endothelial cell activities associated with coronary artery disease. RNA Biol 2020; 17:1391-1401. [PMID: 32602777 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1771519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Each gene typically has multiple alternatively spliced transcripts. Different transcripts are assumed to play a similar biological role; however, some transcripts may simply lose their function due to loss of important functional domains. Here, we show that two different transcripts of lncRNA gene ANRIL associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) play antagonizing roles against each other. We previously reported that DQ485454, the short transcript, is downregulated in coronary arteries from CAD patients, and reduces monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) and transendothelial monocyte migration (TEM). Interestingly, the longest transcript NR_003529 is significantly upregulated in coronary arteries from CAD patients. Overexpression of ANRIL transcript NR_003529 increases monocyte adhesion to ECs and TEM, whereas knockdown of NR_003529 expression reduces monocyte adhesion to ECs and TEM. Much more dramatic effects were observed for the combination of overexpression of NR_003529 and knockdown of DQ485454 or the combination of knockdown of NR_003529 and overexpression of DQ485454. The antagonizing effects of ANRIL transcripts NR_003529 and DQ485454 were associated with their opposite effects on expression of downstream target genes EZR, CXCL11 or TMEM106B. Our results demonstrate that different transcripts of lncRNA can exert antagonizing effects on biological functions, thereby providing important insights into the biology of lncRNA. The data further support the hypothesis that ANRIL is the causative gene at the 9p21 CAD susceptibility locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosuk Cho
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yabo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Archacki
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Susmita Chakrabarti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qing Kenneth Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA
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30
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Enhanced E2F1 activity increases invasive and proliferative activity of breast cancer cells through non-coding RNA CDKN2B-AS1. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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31
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FANG J, PAN Z, GUO X. [Research advance of ANRIL on atherosclerosis by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 49:113-117. [PMID: 32621415 PMCID: PMC8800783 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.02.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis for coronary artery disease. ANRIL is an antisense non-coding RNA located in Chr9p21 locus, which was identified as the most significant risk locus associated with atherosclerosis. ANRIL can produce multiple transcripts including linear and circular transcripts after various transcript splicing. It has been illustrated that ANRIL plays important roles in the pathology of atherosclerosis by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular cells. Linear ANRIL can regulate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in plaques by chromatin modification, as well as influence the proliferation and the apoptosis of macrophages in post transcription; circular ANRIL can affect the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs by chromatin modification as well as interfering with rRNA maturation. In this review, we describe the ANRIL evolution, different transcripts characteristics, and their roles in the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular cells to participate in the process of atherosclerosis, for further understanding the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and finding potential targets for diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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32
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EHD2 is a Predictive Biomarker of Chemotherapy Efficacy in Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7998. [PMID: 32409676 PMCID: PMC7224205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
EHD2 is a mechanotransducing ATPase localized in caveolae invaginations at the plasma membrane. EHD2 has recently been associated with several human cancers, however the significance of EHD2 transcript levels in cancer prognosis remains debated. Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women and prognosis is variable depending on the subtypes. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) often has a poor therapeutic response. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of EHD2 transcripts and protein expression levels in breast carcinomas. We found that low EHD2 levels were associated with enhanced proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells. EHD2 expression was significantly reduced in TNBC tissues and the loss of EHD2 led to higher expression of the pro-tumoral cytokine IL-8. In apparent contradiction with in vitro data, multivariate analysis of two independent cohorts of breast cancer patients revealed that low EHD2 was in fact associated with good prognosis in the highly proliferative TNBC subtype. Accordingly, TNBC low EHD2 expressers were found to benefit the most from chemotherapy when compared to all subtypes of breast cancers. Our study validates EHD2 expression level as an independent prognostic factor of metastasis-free survival and as a new predictive marker of chemotherapy efficacy in TNBC patients.
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Abdeahad H, Bahrami A, Saeedi N, Shabani M, Pezeshki M, Khazaei M, Shafiee M, Ghorbani E, Ferns GA, Soleimanpour S, Rahmani F, Soleimani A, Fiuji H, Ryzhikov M, Avan A, Mahdi Hassanian S. Association between genetic variants at 9p21 locus with risk of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152987. [PMID: 32534702 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent tumor in women and genetic factors are among the main risk factors contributing to this malignancy. Chromosome 9p21 contains important regulatory non-coding RNAs and is associated with multiple malignancies including BC. The current meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between genetic variants within the 9p21 locus and risk of breast cancer. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus and Clinical key databases. Nine studies containing 23,726 subjects were eligible for the final analysis and specific odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) were evaluated to assess the strength of the associations. In the pooled analysis, there was an association between the genetic variations in 9p21 locus (CDKN2A/2B) with risk of breast cancer with a standard OR of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.04-1.45, P = 0.016; random-effects model), supporting the significance of this locus as a novel risk factor for breast cancer patients. In conclusion, our results showed that 9p21 region is positively associated with risk of BC and its polymorphisms may be a candidate marker for BC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Abdeahad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of nutrition and integrative physiology, University of Utah, Salt lake city, Utah, USA
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nikoo Saeedi
- Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Pezeshki
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shafiee
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada
| | - Elnaz Ghorbani
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Atena Soleimani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Department of Biochemistry, Payame-Noor University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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The high protein expression of FOXO3, but not that of FOXO1, is associated with markers of good prognosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6920. [PMID: 32332845 PMCID: PMC7181619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To better define the role of FOXO1 and FOXO3 transcriptional factors in breast carcinogenesis, we performed a comparative study of their expression at both the RNA and protein levels in a series of human breast tumors. We used qRT-PCR assay to quantify mRNA expression and Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to quantify protein expression in 218 breast tumors from patients with known clinical/pathological status and outcome. Weak correlations were observed between mRNA and protein expressions for both FOXO1 and FOXO3 genes. High expression of FOXO3 protein, but not FOXO1 protein, was a good prognostic marker, negatively correlated with KI67 and markers of activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR oncogenic pathway, and positively correlated with p53, a marker of apoptosis. Moreover, FOXO3 protein expression, but not FOXO1 protein expression, was also negatively correlated with various proteins involved in different DNA repair mechanisms. FOXO3 protein, but not FOXO1 protein, appears to be a tumor suppressor that inhibits breast cancer by altering DNA damage response (DDR), thereby inducing p53-dependent apoptosis. This antitumor effect appears to be suppressed by excessive activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. High FOXO3 protein expression could be a biomarker of deficient DDR in breast tumors.
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Li Y, Cho H, Wang F, Canela-Xandri O, Luo C, Rawlik K, Archacki S, Xu C, Tenesa A, Chen Q, Wang QK. Statistical and Functional Studies Identify Epistasis of Cardiovascular Risk Genomic Variants From Genome-Wide Association Studies. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014146. [PMID: 32237974 PMCID: PMC7428625 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Epistasis describes how gene‐gene interactions affect phenotypes, and could have a profound impact on human diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD). The goal of this study was to identify gene‐gene interactions in CAD using an easily generalizable multi‐stage approach. Methods and Results Our forward genetic approach consists of multiple steps that combine statistical and functional approaches, and analyze information from global gene expression profiling, functional interactions, and genetic interactions to robustly identify gene‐gene interactions. Global gene expression profiling shows that knockdown of ANRIL (DQ485454) at 9p21.3 GWAS (genome‐wide association studies) CAD locus upregulates TMEM100 and TMEM106B. Functional studies indicate that the increased monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and transendothelial migration of monocytes, 2 critical processes in the initiation of CAD, by ANRIL knockdown are reversed by knockdown of TMEM106B, but not of TMEM100. Furthermore, the decreased monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and transendothelial migration of monocytes induced by ANRIL overexpression was reversed by overexpressing TMEM106B. TMEM106B expression was upregulated by >2‐fold in CAD coronary arteries. A significant association was found between variants in TMEM106B (but not in TMEM100) and CAD (P=1.9×10−8). Significant gene‐gene interaction was detected between ANRIL variant rs2383207 and TMEM106B variant rs3807865 (P=0.009). A similar approach also identifies significant interaction between rs6903956 in ADTRP and rs17465637 in MIA3 (P=0.005). Conclusions We demonstrate 2 pairs of epistatic interactions between GWAS loci for CAD and offer important insights into the genetic architecture and molecular mechanisms for the pathogenesis of CAD. Our strategy has broad applicability to the identification of epistasis in other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabo Li
- College of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu Province P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.,Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH
| | - Hyosuk Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.,Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.,Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH
| | - Oriol Canela-Xandri
- MRC Human Genetics Unit at the MRC IGMM Western General Hospital University of Edinburgh United Kingdom.,The Roslin Institute Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus Midlothian Edinburgh Scotland
| | - Chunyan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Konrad Rawlik
- The Roslin Institute Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus Midlothian Edinburgh Scotland
| | - Stephen Archacki
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.,Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Albert Tenesa
- MRC Human Genetics Unit at the MRC IGMM Western General Hospital University of Edinburgh United Kingdom.,The Roslin Institute Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus Midlothian Edinburgh Scotland
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.,Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH
| | - Qing Kenneth Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.,Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH
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Ma W, Qiao J, Zhou J, Gu L, Deng D. Characterization of novel LncRNA P14AS as a protector of ANRIL through AUF1 binding in human cells. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:42. [PMID: 32106863 PMCID: PMC7045492 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The CDKN2A/B locus contains crucial tumor suppressors and a lncRNA gene ANRIL. However, the mechanisms that coordinately regulate their expression levels are not clear. Methods Novel RNAs transcribed from the CDKN2A gene were screened by CDKN2A-specific RNA capture deep-sequencing and confirmed by Northern blotting and clone-sequencing. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) binding proteins were characterized by RNA pull-down combined with mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation. LncRNA functions in human cells were studied using a set of biological assays in vitro and in vivo. Results We characterized a novel lncRNA, P14AS with its promoter in the antisense strand of the fragment near CDKN2A exon 1b in human cells. The mature P14AS is a three-exon linear cytoplasmic lncRNA (1043-nt), including an AU-rich element (ARE) in exon 1. P14AS decreases AUF1-ANRIL/P16 RNA interaction and then increases ANRIL/P16 expression by competitively binding to AUF1 P37 and P40 isoforms. Interestingly, P14AS significantly promoted the proliferation of cancer cells and tumor formation in NOD-SCID mice in a P16-independent pattern. Moreover, in human colon cancer tissues, the expression levels of P14AS and ANRIL lncRNAs were significantly upregulated compared with the paired normal tissues. Conclusion A novel lncRNA, P14AS, transcribed from the antisense strand of the CDKN2A/P14 gene, promotes colon cancer development by cis upregulating the expression of oncogenic ANRIL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng-Lu #52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Liankun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng-Lu #52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Dajun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng-Lu #52, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Jiang N, Niu G, Pan YH, Pan W, Zhang MF, Zhang CZ, Shen H. CBX4 transcriptionally suppresses KLF6 via interaction with HDAC1 to exert oncogenic activities in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 53:102692. [PMID: 32113161 PMCID: PMC7044754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of polycomb chromobox (CBX) proteins that mediate epigenetic gene silencing contributes to the progression of human cancers. Yet their roles in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain to be explored. Methods The expression of CBX4 and its clinical significance were determined by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and statistical analyses. The biological function of CBX4 in ccRCC tumor growth and metastasis and the underlying mechanism were investigated using in vitro and in vivo models. Findings CBX4 exerts oncogenic activities in ccRCC via interaction with HDAC1 to transcriptionally suppress tumor suppressor KLF6. CBX4 expression is increased in ccRCC and correlated with poor prognosis in two independent cohorts containing 840 patients. High CBX4 expression is significantly associated with Fuhrman grade and tumor lymph node invasion. CBX4 overexpression promotes tumor growth and metastasis, whereas CBX4 knockdown results in the opposite phenotypes. Mechanistically, CBX4 downregulates KLF6 via repressing the transcriptional activity of its promoter. Further studies show that CBX4 physically binds to HDAC1 to maintain its localization on the KLF6 promoter. Ectopic expression of KLF6 or disruption of CBX4-HDAC1 interaction attenuates CBX4-mediated cell growth and migration. Furthermore, CBX4 depletion markedly enhances the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi)-induced cell apoptosis and suppression of tumor growth. Interpretation Our data suggest CBX4 as an oncogene with prognostic potential in ccRCC. The newly identified CBX4/HDAC1/KLF6 axis may represent a potential therapeutic target for the clinical intervention of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gang Niu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying-Hua Pan
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Wenwei Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mei-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chris Zhiyi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Huimin Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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PD-L1 expression and T cells infiltration in patients with uncommon EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer and the response to immunotherapy. Lung Cancer 2020; 142:98-105. [PMID: 32120230 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The efficacy of immunotherapy in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited. However, a series of patients with uncommon EGFR alterations was reported to derive clinical benefit from PD-1 blockade. To characterize the tumor immune microenvironment, we retrospectively evaluated tumor PD-L1 expression and T cells infiltration among NSCLC patients with uncommon EGFR mutations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of PD-L1 and the abundance of CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Chi-square test and Cox proportional hazards regression were conducted to investigate the correlations between the immune microenvironment features and clinicopathological variables and survival, as well as to explore the potential of immunotherapy in this patient population. RESULTS Among 600 NSCLC patients with EGFR alterations, we identified 49 (8.2 %) bearing uncommon mutations, including G719X, L861Q, S768I, and Ex20 ins. In total, 49.0 % (24/49) of these patients showed positive PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, markedly higher than the proportion in patients with classic sensitive mutations (19del and L858R, 12.2 % [67/551], P < 0.05). Furthermore, PD-L1 expression was associated with relatively short overall survival (OS; 15.2 vs 29.3 months, P = 0.006) and was identified as an independent predictor of OS (hazard ratio=2.57, 95 % confidence interval: 1.03-7.12, P = 0.045). Additionally, PD-L1 positivity was predominantly observed among tumors with CD8+ TILs infiltration (P = 0.001). Uncommon EGFR-mutant tumors had a high frequency (36.7 %) of concurrent PD-L1 expression and abundant CD8 + TILs infiltration. Moreover, this dual-positive group exhibited the most unfavorable prognosis (P = 0.023). Notably, patients with PD-L1 and CD8 dual positivity showed a favorable response to PD-1 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS High rates of concomitant PD-L1 expression and CD8 + TILs within the tumor microenvironment were observed in NSCLC patients with uncommon EGFR mutations. Further investigations are needed to confirm the therapeutic sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in this subgroup.
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Gu Y, Zhu Z, Pei H, Xu D, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Xiao L. Long non-coding RNA NNT-AS1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma cells proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through down-regulating miR-203. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2333-2346. [PMID: 32019904 PMCID: PMC7041725 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious malignant tumor. Long non-coding RNA NNT-AS1 (NNT-AS1) takes crucial roles in several tumors. So, we planned to research the roles and underlying mechanism of NNT-AS1 in CCA. RESULTS NNT-AS1 overexpression was appeared in CCA tissues and cell lines. Proliferation was promoted by NNT-AS1 overexpression in CCLP1 and TFK1 cells. Besides, NNT-AS1 overexpression reduced E-cadherin level and raised levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Slug. However, the opposite trend was occurred by NNT-AS1 knockdown. Further, NNT-AS1 overexpression promoted phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathways. MiR-203 was sponged by NNT-AS1 and miR-203 mimic reversed the above promoting effects of NNT-AS1. Additionally, insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF1R) and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were two potential targets of miR-203. CONCLUSION NNT-AS1 promoted proliferation, EMT and PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 pathways in CCLP1 and TFK1 cells through down-regulating miR-203. METHODS CCLP1 and TFK1 cells were co-transfected with pcDNA-NNT-AS1 and miR-203 mimic. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were employed to detect roles and mechanism of NNT-AS1. Interaction between NNT-AS1 and miR-203 or miR-203 and target genes was examined through luciferase activity experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Gu
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yumin Jiang
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Luanluan Zhang
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Navarro E, Mallén A, Cruzado JM, Torras J, Hueso M. Unveiling ncRNA regulatory axes in atherosclerosis progression. Clin Transl Med 2020; 9:5. [PMID: 32009226 PMCID: PMC6995802 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-020-0256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Completion of the human genome sequencing project highlighted the richness of the cellular RNA world, and opened the door to the discovery of a plethora of short and long non-coding RNAs (the dark transcriptome) with regulatory or structural potential, which shifted the balance of pathological gene alterations from coding to non-coding RNAs. Thus, disease risk assessment currently has to also evaluate the expression of new RNAs such as small micro RNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), retrogressed elements, 3'UTRs of mRNAs, etc. We are interested in the pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis (ATH) progression in patients suffering Chronic Kidney Disease, and in this review, we will focus in the role of the dark transcriptome (non-coding RNAs) in ATH progression. We will focus in miRNAs and in the formation of regulatory axes or networks with their mRNA targets and with the lncRNAs that function as miRNA sponges or competitive inhibitors of miRNA activity. In this sense, we will pay special attention to retrogressed genomic elements, such as processed pseudogenes and Alu repeated elements, that have been recently seen to also function as miRNA sponges, as well as to the use or miRNA derivatives in gene silencing, anti-ATH therapies. Along the review, we will discuss technical developments associated to research in lncRNAs, from sequencing technologies to databases, repositories and algorithms to predict miRNA targets, as well as new approaches to miRNA function, such as integrative or enrichment analysis and their potential to unveil RNA regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Navarro
- Independent Researcher, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Adrian Mallén
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Cruzado
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Torras
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Hueso
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
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Rahmani Z, Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical factors during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:6. [PMID: 31956395 PMCID: PMC6961246 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-0373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is associated with various genetic and environmental risk factors. Beside the mutations or aberrant expression of protein-coding genes, the genetic deregulation of non-coding RNAs has also an important role during tumor progression and metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of ncRNAs larger than 200 nucleotides that may function as tumor-suppressor or oncogene. MAIN BODY There is a raising trend of cancer incidence among Iranian population during the last decades. Therefore, it is required to prepare a general population specific panel of genetic markers for the early detection of cancer in this population. The tissue-specific expression characteristics and high stability in body fluids highlight the lncRNAs as efficient diagnostic and prognostic noninvasive biomarkers in cancer. In present review we summarized all of the lncRNAs which have been reported until now in different tumors among Iranian patients. CONCLUSIONS This review paves the way of introducing a population based noninvasive diagnostic panel of lncRNAs for the early detection of tumor cells among Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rahmani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Napoli M, Flores ER. The p53 family reaches the final frontier: the variegated regulation of the dark matter of the genome by the p53 family in cancer. RNA Biol 2020; 17:1636-1647. [PMID: 31910062 PMCID: PMC7567494 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1710054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 and its paralogues, p63 and p73, are essential to maintain cellular homoeostasis and the integrity of the cell's genetic material, thus meriting the title of 'guardians of the genome'. The p53 family members are transcription factors and fulfill their activities by controlling the expression of protein-coding and non-coding genes. Here, we review how the latter group transcended from the 'dark matter' of the transcriptome, providing unexpected and intriguing anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Napoli
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa, FL, USA.,Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Elsa R Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa, FL, USA.,Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa, FL, USA
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Seifi S, Pouya F, Rahmani M, Mehramiz M, Rastgar-Moghadam A, Gharib M, Rahmani F, Shahidsales S, Hassanian SM, Khazaei M, Dadjoo P, Parvin SS, Yazdinezhad Y, Parizadeh SMR, Ferns GA, Fathi M, Avan A. Association of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B with increased risk of developing breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5141-5145. [PMID: 31721206 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of data reporting the association of genetic alterations in chromosome 9P21 with the risk of developing cancer. In the current study, we studied the association of a genetic variant in CDKN2A/B, rs1333049, with the risk of developing breast cancer. A total of 339 participants with and without breast cancer entered to the study. Genotyping was done by the TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method and gene expression analysis was ran by RT-PCR. Our data showed that the minor allele homozygote in the total population was 10%, whereas for heterozygote was 38%. The dominant genetic model demonstrated that individuals with breast cancer had advanced TNM classification. Moreover, the logistic regression revealed that individuals who had CC/CG genotypes might have an enhanced risk of developing breast cancer when compared to the holders of GG genotype (e.g., OR = 2.8; 95% CI,1.4-5.4; p = .001), after regulated for confounders; age and body mass index. Furthermore, our analysis showed that the CDKN2A/B gene was downregulated in patients (p < .001). We showed a meaningful relationship of CDKN2A/B with the risk of breast cancer, cancer, showing the importance of studies in great sample size and several centers for studying the value of the marker as a risk classification in the management of patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Seifi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Pouya
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rahmani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrane Mehramiz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Azam Rastgar-Moghadam
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Gharib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Rahmani
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Dadjoo
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyede Sara Parvin
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Yazdinezhad
- Orology Department, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Parizadeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Mehdi Fathi
- Department of Anesthesia, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tritto V, Ferrari L, Esposito S, Zuccotti P, Bianchessi D, Natacci F, Saletti V, Eoli M, Riva P. Non-Coding RNA and Tumor Development in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: ANRIL Rs2151280 Is Associated with Optic Glioma Development and a Mild Phenotype in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Patients. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E892. [PMID: 31694342 PMCID: PMC6895873 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are known to regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, chromatin remodeling, and signal transduction. The identification of different species of ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs)-and in some cases, their combined regulatory function on specific target genes-may help to elucidate their role in biological processes. NcRNAs' deregulation has an impact on the impairment of physiological programs, driving cells in cancer development. We here carried out a review of literature concerning the implication of ncRNAs on tumor development in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), an inherited tumor predisposition syndrome. A number of miRNAs and a lncRNA has been implicated in NF1-associated tumors, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and astrocytoma, as well as in the pathognomonic neurofibromas. Some authors reported that the lncRNA ANRIL was deregulated in the blood of NF1 patients with plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs), even if its role should be further elucidated. We here provided original data concerning the association of a specific genotype about ANRIL rs2151280 with the presence of optic gliomas and a mild expression of the NF1 phenotype. We also detected the LOH of ANRIL in different tumors from NF1 patients, supporting the involvement of ANRIL in some NF1-associated tumors. Our results suggest that ANRIL rs2151280 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker, addressing early diagnosis of optic glioma and predicting the phenotype severity in NF1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Tritto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (L.F.); (P.Z.)
| | - Luca Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (L.F.); (P.Z.)
| | - Silvia Esposito
- Unit of Developmental Neurology, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.E.); (V.S.)
| | - Paola Zuccotti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (L.F.); (P.Z.)
| | - Donatella Bianchessi
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Federica Natacci
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via della Commenda 12, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Saletti
- Unit of Developmental Neurology, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.E.); (V.S.)
| | - Marica Eoli
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paola Riva
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (L.F.); (P.Z.)
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45
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Mehta-Mujoo PM, Cunliffe HE, Hung NA, Slatter TL. Long Non-coding RNA ANRIL in the Nucleus Associates With Periostin Expression in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:885. [PMID: 31572679 PMCID: PMC6749148 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) antisense RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) is overexpressed in several cancers including breast cancer. To better understand the role of ANRIL in breast cancer this study investigated where ANRIL was expressed in breast tumors using in situ hybridization by RNAscope. Additional RNAscope assays for IL6, CCL2, and POSTN were used to establish whether ANRIL correlated with increased tumor promoting cytokines. Breast tumors with ANRIL over expressed from real-time quantitative (RT-q) PCR assays were selected for analysis using RNAscope. All tumors showed ANRIL expression in malignant cells, but amongst tumors ANRIL showed different subcellular locations with 56% of tumors with ANRIL only in the nucleus, 16% with ANRIL only in the cytoplasm and 28% with ANRIL in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Cases with nuclear ANRIL were positively correlated with POSTN expression in malignant cells (ρ = 0.57, P = 0.0086), and no correlation was found between ANRIL and IL6 or CCL2. Reduced POSTN was also found using siRNA to ANRIL in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells. These data indicate that ANRIL is expressed in malignant breast cells, and suggest its subcellular location may indicate its function in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulomi M Mehta-Mujoo
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Heather E Cunliffe
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Noelyn A Hung
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tania L Slatter
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
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Drak Alsibai K, Vacher S, Meseure D, Nicolas A, Lae M, Schnitzler A, Chemlali W, Cros J, Longchampt E, Cacheux W, Pignot G, Callens C, Pasmant E, Allory Y, Bieche I. High Positive Correlations between ANRIL and p16- CDKN2A/ p15- CDKN2B/ p14- ARF Gene Cluster Overexpression in Multi-Tumor Types Suggest Deregulated Activation of an ANRIL-ARF Bidirectional Promoter. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:E44. [PMID: 31438464 PMCID: PMC6789474 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The CDKN2B-AS1 gene, also called ANRIL, is located at the human CDKN2A/B locus at 9p21.3 and transcribed by RNA polymerase II into a long non-coding RNA of 3834 bp. The CDKN2B-AS1 gene overlaps a critical region of 125 kb covering the CDKN2B gene. The CDKN2A/B locus encompasses three major tumor suppressors juxtaposed and joined into a p16-CDKN2A/p15-CDKN2B/p14-ARF gene cluster. CDKN2A encodes splice variants p16-CDKN2A and p14-ARF, and CDKN2B encodes p15-CDKN2B. ANRIL shares a bidirectional promoter with the p14-ARF gene and is transcribed from the opposite strand to the cluster. We performed an analysis of the expression level of ANRIL and tumor suppressor p16-CDKN2A, p15-CDKN2B, and p14-ARF genes using quantitative RT-PCR in a multitumor panel. We observed the overexpression of the four genes ANRIL, p16-CDKN2A, p15-CDKN2B, and p14-ARF in the great majority of the 17 different cancer types. ANRIL was upregulated in 13/17 tumors compared to normal tissues, ranging from 5% (prostate cancer) to 91% (cervix cancer), with variable expression of p16-CDKN2A, p15-CDKN2B, and p14-ARF genes. A high positive correlation was identified between levels of expression of ANRIL and the three tumor suppressors. The strongest positive association was observed with p14-ARF (p < 0.001) in all but one (lung squamous cell carcinoma) of the examined tumor types. This correlation suggests coordinated deregulated mechanisms in all cancer types through aberrant activation of a bidirectional p14-ARF/ANRIL promoter. Furthermore, significant positive correlation was unexpectedly established in prostatic carcinomas, in contradiction with previous data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Didier Meseure
- Platform of Experimental Pathology, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France.
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France.
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France.
| | - Andre Nicolas
- Platform of Experimental Pathology, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Marick Lae
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Anne Schnitzler
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Walid Chemlali
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Jerome Cros
- Department of Pathology, Beaujon Hospital, APHP Nord, 92110 Clichy, France
| | | | - Wulfran Cacheux
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Geraldine Pignot
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Celine Callens
- Unit of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Eric Pasmant
- Department of Genetics, Cochin Hospital, APHP, 75014 Paris, France
- Cochin Institute, Inserm U1016, Paris Descartes University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Yves Allory
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Platform of Experimental Pathology, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
- Department of Genetics, Cochin Hospital, APHP, 75014 Paris, France
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47
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Miao JT, Gao JH, Chen YQ, Chen H, Meng HY, Lou G. LncRNA ANRIL affects the sensitivity of ovarian cancer to cisplatin via regulation of let-7a/HMGA2 axis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182101. [PMID: 31189742 PMCID: PMC6609561 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper tried to explore ANRIL expression in ovarian cancer and how it affects cisplatin-sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells via regulation of let-7a/high-mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) axis. qRT-PCR was used to detect ANRIL and let-7a levels in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines (SKOV3 and SKOV3/DDP). Then cells were randomly assigned into Blank, negative control siRNA, ANRIL siRNA, let-7a inhibitor, and ANRIL siRNA+let-7a-inhibitor groups. CCK-8 assay was applied for assessing cell viability of cells treated with different concentrations of cisplatin. Flow cytometry was employed to test cell apoptosis rate. qRT-PCR and Western blot were performed for related molecules detection. Nude mice transplanted with SKOV3/DDP cells were used to confirm the effects of ANRIL siRNA on the cisplatin-sensitivity. Ovarian cancer tissues and cisplatin-resistant cells had increased ANRIL expression and decreased let-7a expression, and those patients with higher clinical stage and pathological grade showed higher ANRIL and lower let-7a. Dual-luciferase reporter-gene assay confirmed the targeting relationship between ANRIL and let-7a, and between let-7a and HMGA2. The cell viability and cisplatin IC50 were decreased in ANRIL siRNA group exposed to different concentrations of cisplatin, with enhanced apoptosis, as well as elevated let-7a and declined HMGA2, which would be reversed by let-7a inhibitor. Meanwhile, ANRIL down-regulation enhanced the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on tumor growth of nude mice and reduced tumor weight. Silencing ANRIL expression reduced HMGA2 expression to promote the apoptosis and improve cisplatin-sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells via up-regulating let-7a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tian Miao
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jian-Hua Gao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yong-Qian Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao-Yi Meng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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48
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Simhadri C, Daze KD, Douglas SF, Milosevich N, Monjas L, Dev A, Brown TM, Hirsch AKH, Wulff JE, Hof F. Rational Adaptation of L3MBTL1 Inhibitors to Create Small‐Molecule Cbx7 Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1444-1456. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin D. Daze
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Sarah F. Douglas
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Natalia Milosevich
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Leticia Monjas
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Amarjot Dev
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Tyler M. Brown
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Present affiliation: Department for Drug Design and Optimization and Department of Pharmacy, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research (HIPS)—Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)Saarland University Campus Building E 8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jeremy E. Wulff
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Fraser Hof
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
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Deng W, Zhang Y, Cai J, Zhang J, Liu X, Yin J, Bai Z, Yao H, Zhang Z. LncRNA-ANRIL promotes gastric cancer progression by enhancing NF-kB signaling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:953-959. [PMID: 31242038 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219860207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the most challenging issue for gastric cancer, and identification of the molecular mechanism and suitable targets for treatment is the major purpose of recent research. In this study, we found the long non-coding RNA ANRIL was critical for the progression of gastric cancer. Knockdown of ANRIL (also known as CDKN2B-AS) with shRNA increased apoptosis, inhibited tumor growth, and suppressed migration of cancer cells. TET2 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2), a methylcytosine dioxygenase suppressed ANRIL function and prevented cancer progression. Patients with higher TET2 expression survived better, while with higher ANRIL survived worse. Furthermore, expressions of TET2 and ANRIL were negatively correlated in the patient samples. The mechanistic study suggested that ANRIL promoted tumor progression mainly by enhancing NF-kB signaling. Impact statement Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. The lack of curative therapeutic options ascribes to the complex genetic background and heterogeneity of gastric cancer. Understanding the molecular details of the disease and identifying the therapeutic targets would offer additional treatment options. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL was involved in the progression of many cancers, including gastric cancer, but the mechanism was unknown. The current study indicated that ANRIL supported tumor cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis and promoted metastasis by enhancing NF-kB signaling. NF-kB signaling was critical in tumor progression, and this study proved another long non-coding RNA that could regulate NF-kB signaling. ANRIL would be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhigang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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50
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Lin T, Hou PF, Meng S, Chen F, Jiang T, Li ML, Shi ML, Liu JJ, Zheng JN, Bai J. Emerging Roles of p53 Related lncRNAs in Cancer Progression: A Systematic Review. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1287-1298. [PMID: 31223287 PMCID: PMC6567798 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 is the major mediator of the tumor suppressor response. It participates in apoptosis and senescence and can respond to DNA damage. As a crucial sequence-specific transcription factor, p53 regulates the expression of many genes, such as small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), microRNAs, and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). Given the emergence of novel and high-throughput sequencing technologies, many lncRNAs have been discovered. LncRNAs may function as vital gene regulators in a variety of biological processes through extensive mechanisms. Recently, lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be associated with the p53 regulatory pathway. In this review, we discuss the current and fast growing knowledge about the influence of lncRNAs to the p53 signaling pathway, the different mechanisms by which they affect gene expression in cancer. Our findings show that p53-associated lncRNAs may be used as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or targets for disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lin
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping-Fu Hou
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sen Meng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min-Le Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Lin Shi
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Jin Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun-Nian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
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