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Sur S, Bhartiya P, Steele R, Brennan M, DiPaolo RJ, Ray RB. Momordicine-I Suppresses Head and Neck Cancer Growth by Reprogrammimg Immunosuppressive Effect of the Tumor-Infiltrating Macrophages and B Lymphocytes. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:672-682. [PMID: 38315993 PMCID: PMC11065610 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is prevalent worldwide, and treatment options are limited. Momordicine-I (M-I), a natural component from bitter melon, shows antitumor activity against these cancers, but its mechanism of action, especially in the tumor microenvironment (TME), remains unclear. In this study, we establish that M-I reduces HNC tumor growth in two different immunocompetent mouse models using MOC2 and SCC VII cells. We demonstrate that the anticancer activity results from modulating several molecules in the monocyte/macrophage clusters in CD45+ populations in MOC2 tumors by single-cell RNA sequencing. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) often pose a barrier to antitumor effects, but following M-I treatment, we observe a significant reduction in the expression of Sfln4, a myeloid cell differentiation factor, and Cxcl3, a neutrophil chemoattractant, in the monocyte/macrophage populations. We further find that the macrophages must be in close contact with the tumor cells to inhibit Sfln4 and Cxcl3, suggesting that these TAMs are impacted by M-I treatment. Coculturing macrophages with tumor cells shows inhibition of Agr1 expression following M-I treatment, which is indicative of switching from M2 to M1 phenotype. Furthermore, the total B-cell population in M-I-treated tumors is significantly lower, whereas spleen cells also show similar results when cocultured with MOC2 cells. M-I treatment also inhibits PD1, PD-L1, and FoxP3 expression in tumors. Collectively, these results uncover the potential mechanism of M-I by modulating immune cells, and this new insight can help to develop M-I as a promising candidate to treat HNCs, either alone or as adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Pradeep Bhartiya
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert Steele
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michelle Brennan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard J. DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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2
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Liu F, Zhang Y, Xia X, Han J, Cao L. Honokiol induces ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells through the regulation of YAP by OTUB2. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024; 50:864-872. [PMID: 38480480 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is prevalent in female reproductive organs. Despite recent advances, clinical outcomes remain poor, warranting fresh treatment avenues. Honokiol has an inhibitory effect on proliferation, invasion, and survival of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this study intended to explore specific molecular mechanism by which honokiol affected OVCA progression. METHODS Bioinformatics analyzed the drug honokiol that bound to OTU deubiquitinase, ubiquitin aldehyde binding 2 (OTUB2). Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) verified the binding relationship between honokiol and OTUB2. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) tested the IC50 value and cell viability of OVCA cells after honokiol treatment. Corresponding assay kits determined malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and Fe2+ levels in OVCA cells. Flow cytometry measured reactive oxygen species levels. Western blot detected OTUB2, SLC7A11, and transcriptional co-activators Yes-associated protein (YAP) expression, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detected OTUB2 expression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) detected the expression level of Ki67 protein in tumor tissues. RESULTS Honokiol was capable of inducing ferroptosis in OVCA cells. CETSA confirmed that honokiol could bind to OTUB2. Further cell functional and molecular experiments revealed that honokiol induced ferroptosis in OVCA cells via repression of YAP signaling pathway through binding to OTUB2. In addition, in vivo experiments have confirmed that honokiol could inhibit the growth of OVCA. CONCLUSION Honokiol induced ferroptosis in OVCA cells via repression of YAP signaling pathway through binding to OTUB2, implicating that OTUB2 may be an effective target for OVCA treatment, and our study results may provide new directions for development of more effective OVCA treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linyan Cao
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China
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Feng T, Wan Y, Dai B, Liu Y. Anticancer Activity of Bitter Melon-Derived Vesicles Extract against Breast Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060824. [PMID: 36980165 PMCID: PMC10047160 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility and ready availability in large quantities, plant-derived vesicles extracts have attracted considerable interest as a novel nanomaterial in tumor therapy. Bitter melon, a medicinal and edible plant, has been reported to exhibit excellent antitumor effects. It is well-documented that breast cancer gravely endangers women’s health, and more effective therapeutic agents must be urgently explored. Therefore, we investigated whether bitter melon-derived vesicles extract (BMVE) has antitumor activity against breast cancer. Ultracentrifugation was used to isolate BMVE with a typical “cup-shaped” structure and an average size of approximately 147 nm from bitter melon juice. The experimental outcomes indicate that 4T1 breast cancer cells could efficiently internalize BMVE, which shows apparent anti-proliferative and migration-inhibiting effects. In addition, BMVE also possesses apoptosis-inducing effects on breast cancer cells, which were achieved by stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disrupting mitochondrial function. Furthermore, BMVE could dramatically inhibit tumor growth in vivo with negligible adverse effects. In conclusion, BMVE exhibits a pronounced antitumor effect on 4T1 breast cancer cells, which has great potential for use in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin Dai
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (Y.L.)
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β-Asarone suppresses TGF-β/Smad signaling to reduce the invasive properties in esophageal squamous cancer cells. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:243. [PMID: 36180656 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancies which induces cancer-related death. Cancer metastasis and recurrence are the main obstacle faced in esophageal cancer treatment. β-Asarone has been shown to act as an anti-cancer reagent in various cancer types. However, the anti-cancer activities of β-Asarone in esophageal cancer have not been shown. In the current study, we show that β-Asarone suppressed the proliferation of esophageal squamous cancer cells (ESCC) in both dose- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, β-Asarone treatment increases activated caspase 3, caspase 9, and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase, and induces apoptosis in ESCC. Additionally, β-Asarone also suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the invasive and migratory abilities in ESCC. Interestingly, β-Asarone suppresses TGF-β/Smad signaling by inhibition of TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3. Importantly, we show that inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling activation is critical for β-Asarone-suppressed EMT. Our data revealed a novel role of β-Asarone which targets invasive properties by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling activation in ESCC. Our study suggests the potential application of β-Asarone to reduce cancer metastasis and recurrence in esophageal cancer treatment.
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Muhammad N, Usmani D, Tarique M, Naz H, Ashraf M, Raliya R, Tabrez S, Zughaibi TA, Alsaieedi A, Hakeem IJ, Suhail M. The Role of Natural Products and Their Multitargeted Approach to Treat Solid Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142209. [PMID: 35883653 PMCID: PMC9318484 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products play a critical role in the discovery and development of numerous drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer. These phytochemicals have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic properties by interfering with the initiation, development, and progression of cancer through altering various mechanisms such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Treating multifactorial diseases, such as cancer with agents targeting a single target, might lead to limited success and, in many cases, unsatisfactory outcomes. Various epidemiological studies have shown that the steady consumption of fruits and vegetables is intensely associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Since ancient period, plants, herbs, and other natural products have been used as healing agents. Likewise, most of the medicinal ingredients accessible today are originated from the natural resources. Regardless of achievements, developing bioactive compounds and drugs from natural products has remained challenging, in part because of the problem associated with large-scale sequestration and mechanistic understanding. With significant progress in the landscape of cancer therapy and the rising use of cutting-edge technologies, we may have come to a crossroads to review approaches to identify the potential natural products and investigate their therapeutic efficacy. In the present review, we summarize the recent developments in natural products-based cancer research and its application in generating novel systemic strategies with a focus on underlying molecular mechanisms in solid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshad Muhammad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA;
| | | | - Mohammad Tarique
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Bundelkhand University Jhansi, Jhansi 284128, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Ramesh Raliya
- IFFCO Nano Biotechnology Research Center, Kalol 382423, Gujarat, India;
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.); (T.A.Z.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Torki A. Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.); (T.A.Z.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahdab Alsaieedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israa J. Hakeem
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.); (T.A.Z.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
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Immune-Related LncRNAs as Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4752184. [PMID: 35756490 PMCID: PMC9217527 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4752184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Immune-related long noncoding RNAs (IrlncRNAs) are recognized as important prognostic factors in a variety of cancers, but thus far, their prognostic value in pediatric rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (pRTK) has not been reported. Here, we clarified the associations between IrlncRNAs and overall survival (OS) of pRTK patients and constructed a model to predict their prognosis. Methods We accessed RNA sequencing data and corresponding clinical data of pRTK from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. An expression profile of immune-related genes (Irgenes) and lncRNAs of pRTK was extracted from the RNA sequencing data. IrlncRNAs were defined by co-expression analysis of lncRNAs and Irgenes. The limma R package was used to identify differential expression IrlncRNAs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to build a prognostic IrlncRNAs model. The performance of this prognostic model was validated by multimethods, like ROC curve analysis. Results A total of 1097 IrlncRNAs were defined. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified 7 IrlncRNAs (AC004791.2, AP003068.23, RP11-54O7.14, RP11-680F8.1, TBC1D3P1-DHX40P1, TUNAR, and XXbac-BPG308K3.5) and were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate regression analysis constructed the best prognostic model based on the expression of AC004791.2, AP003068.23, RP11-54O7.14, TBC1D3P1-DHX40P1, and TUNAR. According to the prognostic model, a risk score of each patient was calculated, and patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups accordingly. The survival time of low-risk patients was significantly better than high-risk patients (p < 0.001). Univariate (hazard ratio 1.098, 95% confidence interval 1.048-1.149, p value <0.001) and multivariate (hazard ratio 1.095, 95% confidence interval 1.043-1.150, p value <0.001) analyses confirmed that the prognostic model was reliable and independent in prediction of OS. Time-dependent ROC analysis showed that 1-year survival AUC of prognostic model, stage, age, and sex was 0.824, 0.673, 0.531, and 0.495, respectively, which suggested that the prognostic model was the best predictor of survival in pRTK patients. Conclusions The prognostic model based on 5 IrlncRNAs was robust and could better predict the survival of pRTK than other clinical factors. Additionally, the mechanism of regulation and action of prognosis-associated lncRNAs could provide new avenues for basic research to explore the mechanism of tumor initiation and development in order to prevent and treat pRTK.
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Yang W, He L. The protective effect of hederagenin on renal fibrosis by targeting muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8689-8698. [PMID: 35322725 PMCID: PMC9161953 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2054596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hederagenin (HE) plays a protective role by inhibiting cell proliferation and ameliorating fibrosis. The current therapy for Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often result in the risks of side effects. The present study aimed to explore whether it can protect against renal fibrosis and unveil the underlying mechanism. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β was used to induce the fibroblasts NRK-49 F for the simulation of renal fibrosis. The cell viability and expression of fibrosis-related proteins in TGF-β-treated NRK-49 F cells was, respectively, measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and western blot. After predicting the target genes of HE, M3 receptor was measured in NRK-49 F cells treated with TGF-β alone or in combination with HE. Then, M3 receptor was silenced in TGF-β-treated NRK-49 F cells for the detection of its role in proliferation and fibrosis. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (M3 receptor) agonist pilocarpine was further added to determine the role of M3 receptor involved. HE inhibited the proliferation and fibrosis of TGF-β-treated NRK-49 F cells. M3 receptor was predicted to be a target of HE. Moreover, interference of M3 receptor improved the proliferation and fibrosis of TGF-β-treated NRK-49 F cells. Further addition of pilocarpine reversed the inhibitory effect of HE on proliferation and fibrosis of TGF-β-treated NRK-49 F cells. HE protects against renal fibrosis in NRK-49 F cells by targeting Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which will provide theoretical basis for the clinical use of HE for kidney-related disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Nephrology Department, Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Xi 'An TCM Hospital of Encephalopathy, Xi'an City, China
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Habib I, Anjum F, Mohammad T, Sulaimani MN, Shafie A, Almehmadi M, Yadav DK, Sohal SS, Hassan MI. Differential gene expression and network analysis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1361-1370. [PMID: 35142951 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis, whose biomarkers have not been studied in great detail. We have collected genomic data of HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed them to get deeper insights into the gene expression pattern. Initially, 793 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were categorized, and their enrichment analysis was performed. Later, a protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs was constructed using the STRING plugin in Cytoscape to study their interactions. A set of 10 hub genes was selected based on Maximal Clique Centrality score, and later their survival analysis was studied. The elucidated set of 10 genes, i.e., PRAME, MAGEC2, MAGEA12, LHX1, MAGEA3, CSAG1, MAGEA6, LCE6A, LCE2D, LCE2C, referred to as potential candidates to be explored as HNSCC biomarkers. The Kaplan-Meier overall survival of the selected genes suggested that the alterations in the candidate genes were linked to the decreased survival of the HNSCC patients. Altogether, the results of this study signify that the genomic alterations and differential expression of the selected genes can be explored in therapeutic interpolations of HNSCC, exploiting early diagnosis and target-propelled therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insan Habib
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Nayab Sulaimani
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 21924, South Korea.
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Ilhan N, Bektas I, Susam S, Ozercan IH. Protective effects of rosmarinic acid against azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22961. [PMID: 34766714 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing gradually and has been become one of the most common cancers worldwide. Hence, it is important to discover cheap, naturally occurring compounds to be effective in suppressing the devastating effect of colon-related tumors. Rosmarinic acid (RA), one of the compounds of plant origin, possesses attractive features for use as an agent for cancer prevention and treatment. This study investigated the ability of RA to prevent azoxymethane (AOM)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis by evaluating the effect of RA on tumor formation and circulatory oxidant-antioxidant status. Moreover, plasma levels of adiponectin (APN) monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The animals were divided into three groups: Control, AOM, and AOM + RA. Rats were fed a modified pellet diet (15.8% peanut oil was added to the standard diet) during the experimental period. Colon cancer was formed by applying 15 mg/kg AOM intraperitoneal once a week for 4 weeks in both the CRC group and AOM + RA group. Besides AOM, AOM + RA group received 5 mg/kg body weight RA orally every day during the study. The results showed that adenocarcinoma rates formed 87.5% of the AOM group. With treatment of RA, a reduction in the incidence of adenocarcinoma was observed in the AOM + RA group. The plasma MCP-1, IL-6, and TO levels were significantly higher, APN and TAS levels were significantly lower in the AOM group with respect to controls. In addition, there was a significant increase in TAS levels in the RA treatment group compared to the AOM group. These findings suggested that RA may be beneficial in preventing AOM-induced colon carcinogenesis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Ilhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Bektas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Solmaz Susam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim H Ozercan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Aytatli A, Barlak N, Sanli F, Caglar HO, Gundogdu B, Tatar A, Ittmann M, Karatas OF. AZD4547 targets the FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis to overcome paclitaxel resistance in head and neck cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 45:41-56. [PMID: 34837170 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles to the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The PI3K/Akt pathway, involved in drug resistance, has been found to be overactivated in > 90% of HNSCCs. Aberrant activation of the FGF receptors (FGFRs) has been reported to cause overactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and to be associated with the maintenance of stem cell features, which is controlled via SOX2 expression. In this study, we aimed at investigating the potential of using AZD4547, an orally bioavailable FGFR inhibitor, to overcome taxol-resistance by targeting the FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis in HNSCC. METHODS We initially evaluated FGFR2 and SOX2 expression using in silico tools. We analyzed the FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis in normal/tumor tissue pairs and in recombinant FGF2 treated HNSCC cells. Next, we explored the effects of AZD4547 alone and in combination with taxol on the proliferation, migration and colony forming capacities of parental/taxol-resistant cells using in vitro models. RESULTS We found that the p-FGFR, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and SOX2 expression levels were higher in tumor tissues than in its corresponding normal tissues, and that AZD4547 effectively suppressed the expression of FGFR and its downstream targets in recombinant FGF2 treated HNSCC cells. We also found that AZD4547 diminished the viability, migration and colony forming capacity of HNSCC cells, and that co-treatment with taxol potentiated the impact of taxol on these cells. Finally, we found that AZD4547 inhibited the overexpressed FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis and profoundly suppressed cancer-related phenotypes in taxol-resistant HNSCC cells. CONCLUSION From our data we conclude that AZD4547 may increase the impact of taxol during HNSCC treatment. We suggest AZD4547 as a therapeutic agent to overcome taxol-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmelik Aytatli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Neslisah Barlak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sanli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Onur Caglar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Gundogdu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Tatar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Michael Ittmann
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey.
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Shi W, Men L, Pi X, Jiang T, Peng D, Huo S, Luo P, Wang M, Guo J, Jiang Y, Peng L, Lin L, Li S, Lv J. Shikonin suppresses colon cancer cell growth and exerts synergistic effects by regulating ADAM17 and the IL‑6/STAT3 signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:99. [PMID: 34726248 PMCID: PMC8577797 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation is associated with drug resistance induced by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) therapy in the treatment of colon cancer. Thus, the combined inhibition of EGFR and STAT3 may prove beneficial for this type of cancer. STAT3 has been proven to play a critical role in colon cancer initiation and progression, and is considered the primary downstream effector driven by interleukin-6 (IL-6). A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), documented as an oncogene, catalyzes the cleavage of both EGF and IL-6R, inducing EGFR signaling and enabling IL-6 trans-signaling to activate STAT3 in a wide range of cell types to promote inflammation and cancer development. As a natural product, shikonin (SKN) has been found to function as an antitumor agent; however, its role in the regulation of ADAM17 and IL-6/STAT3 signaling in colon cancer cells remains unknown. In the present study, it was found that SKN inhibited colon cancer cell growth, suppressed both constitutive and IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, and downregulated the expression of ADAM17. ADAM17 expression was not altered in response to STAT3 knockdown, while IL-6-induced STAT3 activation did not induce ADAM17 transcripts. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SKN did not affect the expression of key proteins involved in the maturation and degradation of ADAM17. SKN decreased ADAM17 expression possibly through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated translational inhibition, as evidenced by the increased ADAM17 mRNA and phosphorylation levels of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). The expression of ADAM17 and p-eIF2α was reversed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a ROS scavenger). Taken together, these results indicate that the concurrent inhibition of ADAM17 and IL-6/STAT3 signaling by SKN may synergistically contribute to the suppression of colon cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lintong Men
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Pi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Dewei Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Shengqi Huo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Moran Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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12
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Coumarin-rich Grifola frondosa ethanol extract alleviate lipid metabolism disorders and modulates intestinal flora compositions of high-fat diet rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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13
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Fan H, Shen Y, Ren Y, Mou Q, Lin T, Zhu L, Ren T. Combined intake of blueberry juice and probiotics ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction by activating SIRT1 in alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:50. [PMID: 33971886 PMCID: PMC8108333 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated as a significant factor in the liver disease process. Blueberry juice and probiotics (BP) synergistically improve liver function in alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), although the mechanism for this effect was unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect and specific mechanisms of BP on AFLD. Methods C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into seven groups: CG (control), MG (AFLD model), BJ (MG mice treated with blueberry), BJB (MG mice treated with BP), SI (AFLD mice treated with SIRT1 siRNA), BJSI (SI mice treated with blueberry), and BJBSI (SI mice treated with BP). The mice were fed an alcohol liquid diet for 10 days to establish the AFLD model, and subjected to BP and SIRT1 siRNA intervention for 10 days. Liver pathology was performed on day 11, and biochemical and molecular analyses of liver mitochondria were employed on day 12. Results BP significantly ameliorated hepatic mitochondrial injury, mitochondrial swelling, and hepatic necrosis in AFLD. BP alleviated hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing the expression of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase, increasing respiratory control rate and the ADP/O ratio, and facilitating the synthesis of energy-related molecules. Besides, BP increased the expression of glutathione and superoxide dismutase, and inhibited malondialdehyde expression and reactive oxygen species activity. BP-induced sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α, both of which mediate mitochondrial homeostasis. SIRT1 silencing suppressed the BP-induced changes in liver mitochondria, blunting its efficacy. Conclusions The ingredients of BP ameliorate hepatocyte mitochondrial dysfunction in AFLD mice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-021-00554-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houmin Fan
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- Tongren Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Ya Ren
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiuju Mou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Clinical Examination, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Tingting Ren
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Momordicine-I, a Bitter Melon Bioactive Metabolite, Displays Anti-Tumor Activity in Head and Neck Cancer Involving c-Met and Downstream Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061432. [PMID: 33801016 PMCID: PMC8003975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most aggressive cancers, and treatments are quite challenging due to the difficulty in early diagnosis, lack of effective chemotherapeutic drugs, adverse side effects and therapy resistance. We identified momordicine-I (M-I), a bioactive secondary metabolite in bitter melon (Momordica charantia), by performing liquid chromatography-high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-HRESIMS) analysis. M-I inhibited human HNC cell (JHU022, JHU029, Cal27) viability in a dose-dependent manner without an apparent toxic effect on normal oral keratinocytes. Mechanistic studies showed that M-I inhibited c-Met and its downstream signaling molecules c-Myc, survivin, and cyclin D1 through the inactivation of STAT3 in HNC cells. We further observed that M-I was non-toxic and stable in mouse (male C57Bl/6) blood, and a favorable pharmacokinetics profile was observed after IP administration. M-I treatment reduced HNC xenograft tumor growth in nude mice and inhibited c-Met and downstream signaling. Thus, M-I has potential therapeutic implications against HNC.
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Wang H, Chinnathambi A, Alahmadi TA, Alharbi SA, Veeraraghavan VP, Krishna Mohan S, Hussain S, Ramamoorthy K, Rengarajan T. Phyllanthin inhibits MOLT-4 leukemic cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis through the inhibition of AKT and JNK signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-10. [PMID: 33724660 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Among cancers, leukemia is a multistep progression that involves genetic modifications of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells to cancerous cells. In recent times, leukemia cases and their mortality rate have increased rapidly. Therefore, the immense need for a therapeutic approach is crucial that can control this type of cancer. Phyllanthin is a lignan compound constituent from the Phyllanthus species and has numerous beneficial effects as a dietary component. The present study aims to determine the impact of phyllanthin on the MOLT-4 cytotoxic effect. MOLT-4 cells and MS-5 cells were cultured at different concentrations of phyllanthin (5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μM/ml), and the viability was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. The level of reactive oxygen species, the membrane potential of mitochondria, apoptosis by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCF-DA), rhodamine, acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)/propidium iodide (PI) staining, gene expression of signaling molecules, and protein levels were assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Phyllanthin did not show toxicity toward MS-5 cells and significantly decreased the cell viability of MOLT-4 cells with an IC50 value of 25 µM/ml. Also, phyllanthin induced the production of reactive oxygen species and led to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. AO/EB and DAPI/PI staining fluorescent image confirmed the induction of apoptosis by phyllanthin treatment. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cell cycle regulator cyclin D1, antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2, NF-κB, and TNF-α decreased, but the proapoptotic Bax mRNA expression was increased. The phosphorylated protein levels of p-PI3K1/2, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKT were decreased, whereas the levels of p-p38 and p-JNKT1/2 increased. Our results confirmed that phyllanthin inhibits the MOLT-4 cells, increases apoptosis, and inhibits MOLT-4 migration and cell invasion. Therefore, phyllanthin can be used as a potential target for leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University [Medical City], King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh-, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Clinical Skills & Simulation and Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sardar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Government Science College, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thamaraiselvan Rengarajan
- Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sur S, Ray RB. Diverse roles of bitter melon ( Momordica charantia) in prevention of oral cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2021; 7:12. [PMID: 34765739 PMCID: PMC8580380 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2020.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the common lethal malignancies which is increasing rapidly in the world. Increasing risks from alcohol and tobacco habits, lack of early detection markers, lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents, recurrence and distant metastasis make the disease more complicated to manage. Laboratory-based studies and epidemiological studies indicate important roles of nutraceuticals to manage different cancers. The plant bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a good source of nutrients and bio-active phytochemicals such as triterpenoids, triterpene glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, lectins, sterols and proteins. The plant is widely grown in Asia, Africa, and South America. Bitter melon has traditionally been used as a folk medicine and Ayurvedic medicine in Asian culture to treat diseases such as diabetes, since ancient times. The crude extract and some of the isolated pure compounds of bitter melon show potential anticancer effects against different cancers. In this review, we shed light on its effect on OSCC. Bitter melon extract has been found to inhibit cell proliferation and metabolism, induce cell death and enhance the immune defense system in the prevention of OSCC in vitro and in vivo. Thus, bitter melon may be used as an attractive chemopreventive agent in progression towards OSCC clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Cancer Center, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
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17
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The triterpenoids of the bitter gourd (Momordica Charantia) and their pharmacological activities: A review. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Javed Z, Khan K, Rasheed A, Sadia H, Shahwani MN, Irshad A, Raza S, Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Suleria HAR, Cruz-Martins N, Quispe C. Targeting androgen receptor signaling with MicroRNAs and Curcumin: a promising therapeutic approach for Prostate Cancer Prevention and intervention. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:77. [PMID: 33499881 PMCID: PMC7836194 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by the abrogation of androgen receptor signaling. Advancement in microbiology techniques has highlighted the significant role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the progression of PC cells from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent state. At that stage, prostate tumors also fail to respond to currently practiced hormone therapies. So, studies in recent decades are focused on investigating the anti-tumor effects of natural compounds in PC. Curcumin is widely recognized and now of huge prestige for its anti-proliferative abilities in different types of cancer. However, its limited solubility, compatibility, and instability in the aqueous phase are major hurdles when administering. Nanoformulations have proven to be an excellent drug delivery system for various drugs and can be used as potential delivery platforms for curcumin in PC. In this review, a shed light is given on the miRNAs-mediated regulation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling and miRNA-curcumin interplay in PC, as well as on curcumin-based nanoformulations that can be used as possible therapeutic solutions for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, DHA, Sector-C, Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Rasheed
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Shahwani
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, DHA, Sector-C, Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Hafiz A R Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, 1110939, Iquique, Chile.
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Wang Z, Li H, Yan J, Liu Y. Flavonoid compound breviscapine suppresses human osteosarcoma Saos-2 progression property and induces apoptosis by regulating mitochondria-dependent pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22633. [PMID: 32969555 PMCID: PMC7816519 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the ability of a flavonoid compound breviscapine (BVP) to suppress growth and elicit apoptosis in human osteosarcoma (OS) Saos-2 cells. The cells were cultured in vitro and treated with three concentrations of BVP (80, 160, and 320 μg/ml). Moreover, C57 mice were injected with Saos-2 cells to establish a subcutaneous xenograft model, and they were subsequently treated with three doses of BVP via intraperitoneal injection. The viability of the cells was examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 method. The apoptotic cells were assessed by flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. The tumor volume and weight were monitored from day 3 through day 21 after the last injection. The expression of bax, bcl-2, and cytochrome c (cyt c) mRNA was detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of bax, bcl-2, cyt c, caspase 3, and caspase 9 were evaluated by Western blot. The expression and distribution of bcl-2 and bax in tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the control group, BVP treatment inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of Saos-2 cells in vitro. Consistently, treatment of mice bearing transplanted tumors with BVP suppressed the growth of OS tumors and promoted cell apoptosis; it also reduced tumor volume and weight. Mechanistically, BVP-induced apoptosis was mediated by the mitochondria-dependent pathway, as evidenced by the increased expression of bax and cyt c and the decreased expression of bcl-2, as well as activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3 in vitro and in vitro. Collectively, BVP inhibits growth and promotes apoptosis of OS by activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsRenmin Hospital of QingyangQingyangChina
| | - Hongyan Li
- Lanzhou Vocational Technical CollegeLanzhouChina
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsRenmin Hospital of QingyangQingyangChina
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Guan Y, Zhang Y, Hao L, Nie Z. CircRNA_102272 Promotes Cisplatin-Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Decreasing MiR-326 Targeting of RUNX2. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12527-12534. [PMID: 33324096 PMCID: PMC7732977 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of tumor-associated death in males and females worldwide. HCC is mostly diagnosed at advanced stages and the chemotherapeutic cisplatin is one of the major therapeutic options in the treatment of patients with treating advanced HCC. Despite several reports on HCC multidrug resistance, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. Methods RT-PCR was performed to detect circRNA_102272, miR-326 and RUNX2 expression. The CCK8 assay was used to examine cell proliferation and cisplatin IC50 values. The luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify complementary combinations between circRNA_102272 and miR-326 and between miR-326 and RUNX2. Results CircRNA_102272 expression was upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. CircRNA_102272 knockdown suppressed HCC cell proliferation and decreased cisplatin-resistance. In addition, circRNA_102272 facilitated HCC cisplatin-resistance by regulating the miR-326/RUNX2 axis. Conclusion CircRNA_102272 is significantly increased in HCC tissues and cells and promotes HCC cell proliferation and cisplatin-resistance. More importantly, circRNA acts as a ceRNA to suppress the expression and activity of miR-326, leading to the increase in RUNX2 expression. By elucidating circRNA_102272 role and mechanism of action in HCC, our study provides insights and an opportunity to overcome cisplatin-resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghai Guan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Sixth Department of Liver Diseases, The Sixth People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116031, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwang Nie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Vahid F, Rahmani D, Davoodi SH. Validation of Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) and investigating the relationship between DAI and the odds of gastric cancer. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:102. [PMID: 33292344 PMCID: PMC7708154 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00529-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) incidence and mortality are rapidly growing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 1,000,000 new cases are diagnosed each year, and more than 78,000 people lose their lives due to GC. The association between dietary antioxidants and GC has been shown in some studies. However, because of the discrepancy between the findings and the lack of a valid indicator, it seems necessary to design and validate the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) to examine the diet's total antioxidant content. The present study aimed to survey the validity of DAI and its association with the odds of GC. METHODS In this hospital-based case-control study, 82 patients with GC and 95 healthy controls were examined. We used a 168-item food frequency questioner to assess dietary intakes. The DAI was calculated based on the intake of vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, manganese, and zinc. We standardized each of the six vitamins and minerals by subtracting the global mean and dividing by the global standard deviation to calculate DAI. We then calculated the DAI by summing up the standardized intakes of these vitamins and minerals of the individuals with equal weight. RESULTS We observed a significant correlation between DAI and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) after controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), energy intake, smoking and fasting blood sugar, education, total fat intake, helicobacter pylori infection, total cholesterol, and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes. Results obtained from modeling DAI as a continuous variable in relation to GC showed a negative association after adjustment for age and in the multivariable analysis (OR = 0.64, CI = 0.43-0.95). CONCLUSION DAI is a valid indicator of dietary antioxidants assessments, and it can be used as a predictor of antioxidant status due to its correlation with serum antioxidant levels. The results showed that dietary antioxidants have a significant relationship with GC, which indicates the importance of antioxidants in this cancer's etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Arak University of Medical Science, Arāk, Iran
| | - Diana Rahmani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Arak University of Medical Science, Arāk, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Protective and therapeutic effects of sildenafil and tadalafil on aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1195-1209. [PMID: 33216253 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03982-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been classified as one of the most common forms of liver cancer occurring worldwide, and risk factors include hepatitis B & C virus, alcoholism, and dietary carcinogens like aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is produced by fungus Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Metabolism of AFB1 resulted into the formation of AFB1-exo-8, 9-epoxide which is largely responsible for HCC development. So far conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy has not provided much benefit in HCC, necessitating the need for newer treatment modalities. Recent reports suggest that phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) may have anticancer activity, but till date, the anticancer property of PDE5i (tadalafil & sildenafil) has not been evaluated in HCC. The present study was aimed to define the anticancer property of tadalafil and sildenafil against AFB1-induced HCC rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups with five rats in each group. Except normal control group, rats of all other groups were fed with 5% alcohol via drinking water for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, two successive dose of AFB1 (1 mg/kg bw, ip) was administered on subsequent days followed by the administration of PDE5i (tadalafil & sildenafil, 10 mg/kg bw) along with drinking water after 6 weeks of treatment with AFB1 for 2 weeks. An in-depth investigation into its mechanistic aspect revealed that development of HCC induced by aflatoxin B1, decreased the mRNA expression and activity of antioxidant enzyme SOD, GPx, catalase, GR and GST, and GSH content with a concomitant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation. Post-treatment with PDE5 inhibitor (tadalafil & sildenafil) restored the above parameters towards normal, and this result was more effective in case of sildenafil. Thus, results from the above studies suggest that PDE5 inhibitors may act as anticancer agents by preventing the development and progression of HCC by modulating the key parameters of antioxidant pathway.
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Cui D, Ni C. LncRNA Lnc712 Promotes Tumorigenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting miR-142-3p/Bach-1 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11285-11294. [PMID: 33177878 PMCID: PMC7652235 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s254950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is known that Lnc712 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. However, whether it is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Lnc712 in HCC. Methods Sixty-four HCC patients were enrolled and followed up for 5 years to analyze the prognostic value of Lnc712 for HCC. HCC cells were transfected with Lnc712 expression vector, Bach-1 expression vector (or siRNA) and miR-142-3p mimic (or inhibitor) to explore the interactions among Lnc712, miR-142-3p and Bach-1. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle were analyzed by CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay and flow cytometry assay, respectively. Results The expression of Lnc712 was upregulated in HCC, and the upregulated Lnc712 expression was significantly related to poor overall survival in HCC patients. In HCC cells, Lnc712 interacted with miR-142-3p and upregulated Bach-1, a target of miR-142-3p. In addition, Lnc712 promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle, while its effects were abolished by miR-142-3p mimic. Moreover, miR-142-3p mimic enhanced HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle, while its effects were abolished by Bach-1 overexpression. miR-142-3p inhibitor repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle in HCC cells, while its effects were abolished by Bach-1 knockdown. Furthermore, Lnc712 knockdown remarkably inhibited HCC tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion Lnc712 may promote the development of HCC by targeting the miR-142-3p/Bach-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cui
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Caifang Ni
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215006, People's Republic of China
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Liang Y, Shi J, He Q, Sun G, Gao L, Ye J, Tang X, Qu H. Hsa_circ_0026416 promotes proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer via miR-346/NFIB axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:494. [PMID: 33061846 PMCID: PMC7549246 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have been confirmed to be key regulators of many diseases. With many scholars devoted to studying the biological function and mechanism of circRNAs, their mysterious veil is gradually being revealed. In our research, we explored a new circRNA, hsa_circ_0026416, which was identified as upregulated in CRC with the largest fold change (logFC = 3.70) of the evaluated circRNAs via analysing expression profiling data by high throughput sequencing of members of the GEO dataset (GSE77661) to explore the molecular mechanisms of CRC. Methods qRT-PCR and western blot analysis were utilized to assess the expression of hsa_circ_0026416, miR-346 and Nuclear Factor I/B (NFIB). CCK-8 and transwell assays were utilized to examine cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, respectively. A luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the combination of hsa_circ_0026416, miR-346 and NFIB. A nude mouse xenograft model was also utilized to determine the role of hsa_circ_0026416 in CRC cell growth in vivo. Results Hsa_circ_0026416 was markedly upregulated in CRC patient tissues and plasma and was a poor prognosis in CRC patients. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) of hsa_circ_0026416 (0.767) was greater than the AUC of CEA (0.670), CA19-9 (0.592) and CA72-4 (0.575). Functionally, hsa_circ_0026416 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0026416 may function as a ceRNA via competitively absorbing miR-346 to upregulate the expression of NFIB. Conclusions In summary, our findings demonstrate that hsa_circ_0026416 is an oncogene in CRC. Hsa_circ_0026416 promotes the progression of CRC via the miR-346/NFIB axis and may represent a potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jingbo Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Qingsi He
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Guorui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jianhong Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Hui Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
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Shan S, Lu Y, Zhang X, Shi J, Li H, Li Z. Inhibitory effect of bound polyphenol from foxtail millet bran on miR-149 methylation increases the chemosensitivity of human colorectal cancer HCT-8/Fu cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:513-523. [PMID: 33011952 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nature polyphenols widely present in plants and foods are promising candidates in cancer chemotherapy. Emerging evidence has shown that plant polyphenols regulate the expression of miRNAs to exert the anti-Multidrug resistance (MDR) activity, which partly attributes to their regulation on miRNAs methylation. Our previous study found that bound polyphenol from foxtail millet bran (BPIS) had potential as an anti-MDR agent for colorectal cancer (CRC), but its mechanism remains unclear. The present findings demonstrated that BPIS upregulated the expression of miR-149 by reducing the methylation of its CpG islands, which subsequently induced the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, resulting in enhancing the chemo-sensitivity of HCT-8/Fu cells. Mechanically, BPIS and its active components (FA and p-CA) reduced miR-149 methylation by inhibiting the expression levels of DNA methyltransferases, promoting a remarkable increase of miR-149 expression. Further, the increased miR-149 induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by inhibiting the expression of Akt, Cyclin B1 and CDK1, thus increasing the chemosensitivity of HCT-8/Fu cells. Additionally, a strong inducer of DNA de-methylation (5-aza-dc) treatment markedly increased the chemosensitivity of CRC through elevating miR-149 expression, which indicates the hypermethylation of miR-149 may be the key cause of drug resistance in CRC. The study indicates that the enhanced chemosensitivity of BPIS on CRC is mainly attributed to the increase of miR-149 expression induced by methylation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Shan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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Okada KI, Kawai M, Hirono S, Miyazawa M, Kitahata Y, Kobayashi R, Ueno M, Hayami S, Shimokawa T, Yamaue H. Impact of Ninjin'Yoeito on Fatigue in Patients Receiving Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine Therapy: A Prospective, Single-Arm, Phase II Open Label, Nonrandomized, Historically-Controlled Study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2020; 93:100605. [PMID: 33014206 PMCID: PMC7522496 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ninjin'yoeito, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, is used to prevent fatigue, loss of appetite, and coldness of limbs. Fatigue is an especially common issue during chemotherapy and can affect quality of life and the ability to complete scheduled treatment. Objectives This prospective exploratory trial evaluates the efficacy of ninjin'yoeito for fatigue in patients undergoing nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer. The primary end point was evaluation of fatigue according to Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue score during 2 courses of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine therapy. Secondary end points included evaluation of dose intensity, appetite loss using numerical rating scale, and peripheral neuropathy using a patient neurotoxicity questionnaire. Methods We compared data from this interventional trial with a prior observational trial without administration of ninjin'yoeito with identical definition of end points (UMIN000021758). Thirty patients were required by the study. Results Threshold mean of Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue score across 8 weeks during chemotherapy was under 5.3 (P = 0.002). Secondary end points did not reveal any specific patterns in appetite loss or degree of pain. No significant changes in patient neurotoxicity questionnaire concerning sensory/motor disorders were observed, but the mean (SD) incidence of patients with sensory disturbance was higher between the fifth and eighth weeks (8.8 [1.26]) than during the first and fourth weeks (4.8 [0.96]) (P = 0.003). Clinically significant adverse reactions of ninjin'yoeito were not observed. Conclusions Ninjin'yoeito may be useful for improving the symptoms of fatigue caused by nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry identifier: UMIN000025606. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2020; 81:XXX–XXX)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Okada
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawai
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Seiko Hirono
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Motoki Miyazawa
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuji Kitahata
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kobayashi
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Toshio Shimokawa
- Clinical Study Support Center, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Houssein M, Abi Saab W, Khalil M, Khalife H, Fatfat M. Cell Death by Gallotannin Is Associated with Inhibition of the JAK/STAT Pathway in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2020; 92:100589. [PMID: 32714471 PMCID: PMC7378856 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gallotannin (GT) is a polyphenol that possesses interesting anticancer properties. However, the mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects have not been well defined. Objective This study was designed to clarify the mechanisms underlying GT antitumor effects in colon cancer cell lines. Methods Three isogenic HCT116 cell lines (p53+/+, p53-/-, and p21-/-) were treated with GT for different time points then Western blot, flow cytometry, and senescence analysis were performed to examine the effect of GT on Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) effectors, STAT3 downstream apoptotic targets, Sub-G1 phase, and programmed cell death induction. Transfection using Invitrogen Lipofectamine 2000 Transfection Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts) were used to identify the role of p53 and p21 in the p53-/- and p21-/- cell lines. Results Both low and high GT concentrations caused MAPKs activation marked by upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). The preincubation with the antioxidant Tiron (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri) showed that GT's antitumor effects were not mediated by reactive oxygen species. We then examined the effect of GT on the JAK/STAT pathway, which is known to be activated in colorectal cancer. GT totally inhibited the JAK/STAT pathway effectors JAK2, STAT1, and STAT3 and their downstream apoptotic regulators B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and c-Myc in all 3 cell lines. HCT116 cancer cells exhibited differential sensitivity to GT with p21-/- cells being the most sensitive and p53+/+ cells that express p21 protein being the least sensitive. In p53+/+ cells, GT induced senescence, whereas in p53-/- and p21-/- cells, GT induced apoptosis in a caspase independent manner marked by Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) cleavage, Bcl-2 downregulation, and upregulation of the Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) to B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) ratio. In addition, the sub-G1 phase exceeded 50% in p21-/- cells. Conclusions Considered together, our results indicate that GT is potent inhibitor of the JAK/STAT pathway in colon cancer irrespective of the p53 and p21 status, which provides insights into its mechanism of anticancer activities and future potential for clinical translation. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2020; 81:XXX-XXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Houssein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Widian Abi Saab
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine United State, San Diego, California, United State
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Khalife
- Rammal Laboratory (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maamoun Fatfat
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Sur S, Ray RB. Bitter Melon ( Momordica Charantia), a Nutraceutical Approach for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2064. [PMID: 32726914 PMCID: PMC7464160 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Many dietary plant products show promising anticancer effects. Bitter melon or bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) is a nutrient-rich medicinal plant cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of many countries. Traditionally, bitter melon is used as a folk medicine and contains many bioactive components including triterpenoids, triterpene glycoside, phenolic acids, flavonoids, lectins, sterols and proteins that show potential anticancer activity without significant side effects. The preventive and therapeutic effects of crude extract or isolated components are studied in cell line-based models and animal models of multiple types of cancer. In the present review, we summarize recent progress in testing the cancer preventive and therapeutic activity of bitter melon with a focus on underlying molecular mechanisms. The crude extract and its components prevent many types of cancers by enhancing reactive oxygen species generation; inhibiting cancer cell cycle, cell signaling, cancer stem cells, glucose and lipid metabolism, invasion, metastasis, hypoxia, and angiogenesis; inducing apoptosis and autophagy cell death, and enhancing the immune defense. Thus, bitter melon may serve as a promising cancer preventive and therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
- Cancer Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Bian C, Wang F. Long non-coding RNA KCNQ1OT1 up-regulates CTNND1 by sponging miR-329-3p to induce the proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibit apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:340. [PMID: 32760218 PMCID: PMC7379774 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been certified to be involved in the occurrence and growth of diverse cancers, including CRC. The purpose of the research was to explore the effects of lncRNA KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in CRC cells and its mechanism. Methods The levels of KCNQ1OT1 and miR-329-3p were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in CRC tissues and cells. The mRNA and protein levels of catenin delta-1 (CTNND1) were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. The targets of KCNQ1OT1 and miR-329-3p were predicted by online software and confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. The cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were examined using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), transwell, and apoptosis assay. The expression levels of CyclinD1, Bcl-2, MMP9, Cleaved-casp-3, and E-cadherin in SW480 and LS1034 cells were gauged by western blot analysis. Xenograft tumor model was structured to prove the biological role of KCNQ1OT1 of CRC in vivo. Results The levels of KCNQ1OT1 and CTNND1 were significantly increased in CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Conversely, CTNND1 overexpression reversed the impact of KCNQ1OT1 knockdown on CRC cells. Moreover, CTNND1 was verified as a direct target of miR-329-3p, and miR-329-3p could specially bind to KCNQ1OT1. Also, the down-regulation of KCNQ1OT1 triggered the CRC progress by up-regulating CTNND1 expression in CRC cells. Besides, KCNQ1OT1 knockdown inhibited CRC tumor growth through the miR-329-3p/CTNND1 axis in vivo. Conclusion Our results indicated that KCNQ1OT1 could positively regulate CTNND1 expression by sponging miR-329-3p, thereby boosting the progression of CRC. Our findings provided the underlying therapy targets for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, 272000 Shandong China
| | - Yexiang Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Second People's Hospital, Rencheng District, Jining, 272061 Shandong China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, Jining NO. 1, People's Hospital, Jining, 272000 Shandong China
| | - Chao Bian
- Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, Jining NO. 1, People's Hospital, Jining, 272000 Shandong China
| | - Fengji Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 11 Taibaizhong Road, Jining, 272033 Shandong China
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High expression of miR-135b predicts malignant transformation and poor prognosis of gastric cancer. Life Sci 2020; 257:118133. [PMID: 32710946 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS MiR-135b is a downstream effector of oncogenic signaling pathways. This study aimed to reveal the underlying regulation and significance of miR-135b in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The influence of Wnt and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways on the transcriptional activation of the miR-135b promoter was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assays. In vitro experiments, including the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, flow cytometry analysis and malignant phenotype profiles, were conducted to determine the oncogenic role of miR-135b in gastric cancer. To analyze the clinical significance of miR-135b in gastric cancer, the expression profile of miR-135b in tissue specimens and plasma was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). KEY FINDINGS Oncogenic signaling pathways represented by Wnt and PI3K/AKT promoted the transcriptional activation of the miR-135b promoter in gastric cancer. Downregulation of miR-135b inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and suppressed the migratory, invasive, and adherent abilities as well as the cancer stem cell phenotype of gastric cancer cells. High expression of miR-135b in gastric cancer tissues was tightly associated with poor prognosis and malignant transformation represented by metastasis of gastric cancer. The miR-135b level in the plasma of gastric cancer patients was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals. SIGNIFICANCE MiR-135b is a potential downstream effector of the Wnt and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in gastric cancer. High expression of miR-135b may predict malignant transformation and poor prognosis of gastric cancer. This study reveals the potential role of miR-135b as a target for the early diagnosis and therapy of gastric cancer.
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Wang Y, Liu Z, Liu Q, Han Y, Zang Y, Zhang H, Du X, Qin T, Wu Y. Honokiol Suppressed Pancreatic Cancer Progression via miR-101/Mcl-1 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5243-5254. [PMID: 32669873 PMCID: PMC7335890 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s237323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies. The present study aimed to examine the anti-tumor effects of honokiol in pancreatic cancer and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods In vitro functional assays determined pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. Xenograft nude mice model determined the in vivo anti-cancer effects of honokiol. Luciferase reporter assay determined the interaction between miR101 and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1). Results Honokiol concentration-dependently suppressed pancreatic cancer cell viability. In addition, honokiol increased the caspase-3 activity and cell apoptotic rates, induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, and inhibited cell invasion in pancreatic cancer. Interestingly, honokiol treatment induced up-regulation of miR-101 in pancreatic cancer cells. Knockdown of miR-101 attenuated the honokiol-induced cell apoptosis and inhibition in cell invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. On the other hand, miR-101 overexpression induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell viability and invasion in pancreatic cancer. Further mechanistic study verified that Mcl-1 was negatively regulated by miR-101, and Mcl-1 overexpression counteracted the tumor-suppressive effects of honokiol on the pancreatic cancer cells. In vivo studies showed that honokiol dose-dependently suppressed tumor growth of pancreatic cancer in the nude mice and up-regulated miR-101 expression but down-regulated Mcl-1 expression in tumor tissues. Conclusion Our data showed that honokiol suppressed pancreatic cancer progression via miR-101-Mcl-1 axis. Honokiol could be a promising candidate for cancer prevention and/or therapeutic treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguang Han
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuncai Zang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuzhao Du
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Rheumatology, Xinmi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinmi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Production, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Wang Z, Hou G, Huang P. Toosendanin Suppresses Glioma Progression Property and Induces Apoptosis by Regulating miR-608/Notch Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3419-3431. [PMID: 32494206 PMCID: PMC7231786 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s240268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is one the most common and aggressive primary tumors of adult central nervous system worldwide, which tends to develop dysplasia and metastasis. Recently, toosendanin (TSN) has shown pharmacological effects in several cancers. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of the effect of TSN on glioma and its relationship between miRNA in glioma. Methods Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and cell migration were analyzed by CCK-8 cell viability, flow cytometry, wound scratch healing, transwell and Western blotting assays, respectively, in vitro. The regulation relationships between TSN and miR-608 or between miR-608 and Notch1 (Notch2) were examined using qRT-PCR, dual-luciferase and Western blotting assays. The functional effects of TSN through regulating miR-608 and Notch1 (Notch2) were further examined using a xenograft tumor mouse model in vivo. Results After TSN concentration was increased from 50 nM, 100 nM to 150 nM, cell proliferation and cell cycle were gradually reduced, and the cell apoptosis rate was increased in U-138MG or U-251MG cells. Wound-healing and transwell assays results showed that cell migration was significantly inhibited in TSN treatment cells (TSN treatment, 50 nM) compared to control cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that TSN up-regulated the expression of microRNA-608 (miR-608), while down-regulated the expression of miR-608’s target, Notch1 and Notch2. Over-expression of Notch1 and Notch2 partly attenuated TSN-induced tumor suppressive function. Moreover, in vivo experiments revealed that TSN treatment led to a significant inhibition of tumor growth, suggesting that it might be a promising drug for the treatment of glioma. Conclusion In the present study, a novel established functional manner of TSN/miR-608/Notch1 (Notch2) axis was systematically indicated, which might provide prospective intervention ways for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Guilan Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People's Republic of China
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Zhao T, Zhang J, Ye C, Tian L, Li Y. lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 promotes hemangioma progression through the miR-324-3p/PDRG1 pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:189. [PMID: 32489325 PMCID: PMC7247140 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01277-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1 (FOXD2-AS1) are reported could function as tumor promoter in several cancers. However, its role in hemangioma was not reported to yet. Methods Expression level of FOXD2-AS1 in hemangioma tissues and cells was explored using quantitative reverse-time PCR. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assay, and transwell invasion assay were conducted to measure the roles of FOXD2-AS1. In addition, the levels of markers for proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition were investigated. Connection of FOXD2-AS1 and mcroRNA-324-3p (miR-324-3p) or miR-324-3p and p53 and DNA damage regulated 1 (PDRG1) was analyzed with bioinformatic analysis method and dual-luciferase activity reporter assay. Results Here, we found that FOXD2-AS1 was highly expressed in proliferating-phase hemangioma tissues compared with the involuting-phase hemangioma tissues. Functionally, FOXD2-AS1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of FOXD2-AS1 promoted tumor growth in vitro. Mechanistically, FOXD2-AS1 inversely regulated miR-324-3p abundance in hemangioma cells. We also found FOXD2-AS1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by directly sponging miR-324-3p to regulate PDRG1 expression. In addition, the knockdown of PDRG1 reversed the stimulation effects of FOXD2-AS1 overexpression on HA cells. Conclusion To conclude, our study sheds novel light on the biological roles of FOXD2-AS1 in hemangioma, which may help the development of targeted therapy method for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Zhao
- Department of Endoscopic Center, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 Jilin China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 Jilin China
| | - Cong Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 Jilin China
| | - Leilei Tian
- Operating Room, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 Jilin China
| | - Yezhou Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 Jilin China
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Nutraceutical Activity in Osteoarthritis Biology: A Focus on the Nutrigenomic Role. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051232. [PMID: 32429348 PMCID: PMC7291002 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease associated to age or conditions that precipitate aging of articular cartilage, a post-mitotic tissue that remains functional until the failure of major homeostatic mechanisms. OA severely impacts the national health system costs and patients' quality of life because of pain and disability. It is a whole-joint disease sustained by inflammatory and oxidative signaling pathways and marked epigenetic changes responsible for catabolism of the cartilage extracellular matrix. OA usually progresses until its severity requires joint arthroplasty. To delay this progression and to improve symptoms, a wide range of naturally derived compounds have been proposed and are summarized in this review. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies have provided proof of principle that many of these nutraceuticals are able to exert pleiotropic and synergistic effects and effectively counteract OA pathogenesis by exerting both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and by tuning major OA-related signaling pathways. The latter are the basis for the nutrigenomic role played by some of these compounds, given the marked changes in the transcriptome, miRNome, and methylome. Ongoing and future clinical trials will hopefully confirm the disease-modifying ability of these bioactive molecules in OA patients.
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Yang S, Chen J, Tan T, Wang N, Huang Y, Wang Y, Yuan X, Zhang P, Luo J, Luo X. Evodiamine Exerts Anticancer Effects Against 143B and MG63 Cells Through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2875-2888. [PMID: 32425601 PMCID: PMC7196244 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone neoplasm and is associated with abysmal prognosis. There are limitations of current treatment methods. Therefore, developing new agents to treat osteosarcoma is exceptionally urgent. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of evodiamine (EVO) on osteosarcoma cells and, meanwhile, to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. Materials and Methods The effect of EVO on the proliferation of osteosarcoma was detected by MTT assay, crystal violet assay and colony formation assay. The effects of EVO on the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma were detected by wound-healing assay and transwell assay. The effect of EVO on apoptosis of osteosarcoma was measured by Hoechst 33258 staining and cell cycle assay. The protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting assay. The activity of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway was detected by luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting assay. Results According to MTT, crystal violet and colony formation assay results, EVO significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Hoechst 33258 staining assay revealed that EVO induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, EVO inhibited the migration and invasion of the osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that EVO suppresses metastatic through suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) as indicated by elevating the expression of epithelial marker E‐cadherin and reducing the expression of mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin and vimentin, as well as EMT transcription factors Snail and MMPs. Subsequently, EVO induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase that correlated with reduced levels of cyclin D1 protein, while the apoptotic effects of EVO were associated with the upregulation of Bax and Bad and a decrease in Bcl-2 protein levels. Furthermore, EVO exerted the anticancer effects by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in osteosarcoma cells. Conclusion In summary, EVO exhibited potent anticancer effects against human osteosarcoma cells and promoted apoptosis through suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results indicated that EVO may be regarded as a new approach for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengdong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
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Wang C, Yao J, Ju L, Wen X, Shu L. Puerarin ameliorates hyperglycemia in HFD diabetic mice by promoting β-cell neogenesis via GLP-1R signaling activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 70:153222. [PMID: 32361558 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is characterized by β-cell loss and dysfunction. A strategy for diabetes treatment is to promote new β-cell formation. Puerarin is an isoflavone from the root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi. Our previous study demonstrated puerarin could ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. However, related mechanisms and potential roles of puerarin in β-cell neogenesis have not been elucidated. PURPOSE The present study aims to investigate whether anti-diabetic effect of puerarin is dependent on promoting β-cell neogenesis via GLP-1R signaling activation. METHODS A high-fat diet (HFD) induced diabetic mouse model was applied to investigate effects of puerarin in vivo, exendin-4 (GLP-1R agonist) and metformin were used as positive controls. Moreover, related mechanisms and GLP-1R downstream signal transduction were explored in isolated cultured mouse pancreatic ductal cells. RESULTS Puerarin improved glucose homeostasis in HFD diabetic mice significantly. Markers of new β-cell formation (insulin, PDX1 and Ngn3) were observed in pancreatic ducts of HFD mice treated by puerarin. Of note, efficacy of puerarin in vivo was suppressed by GLP-1R antagonist exendin9-39, but enhanced by exendin-4 respectively. In cultured mouse pancreatic ductal cells, puerarin induced expressions of insulin and PDX1, upregulated GLP-1R expression and activated β-catenin and STAT3 subsequently. Expressions of insulin and PDX1 in ductal cells could be blocked by exendin9-39, or β-catenin inhibitor ICG001, or JAK2 inhibitor AG490. CONCLUSION These data clarified puerarin ameliorated hyperglycemia of HFD mice via a novel mechanism involved promoting β-cell neogenesis. Our finding highlights the potential value of puerarin developing as an anti-diabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Linjie Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohua Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Luan Shu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Jin L, Ma XM, Wang TT, Yang Y, Zhang N, Zeng N, Bai ZG, Yin J, Zhang J, Ding GQ, Zhang ZT. Psoralen Suppresses Cisplatin-Mediated Resistance and Induces Apoptosis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma by Disruption of the miR196a-HOXB7-HER2 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2803-2827. [PMID: 32368152 PMCID: PMC7185648 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s248094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the impact of psoralen on miR-196a-5p expression and function, and to reveal the mechanism underlying miR-196a-5p-mediated inhibition and the reversal of cisplatin (DDP) resistance. Methods Serum samples were collected from 50 patients with gastric cancer (GC), and the association between miR-196a-5p expression and the response to chemotherapy was assessed. A DDP-resistant GC cell line was also established to determine the effects of miR-196a-5p and psoralen on DDP resistance. MGC803 cells were transfected with miR-196a-5p mimic and inhibitor vectors for the overexpression and downregulation of miR-196a-5p, respectively. Results Clinical data analysis showed that the lower expression levels of miR-196a-5p were significantly associated with chemoresistance in patients with GC. Upregulation of miR-196a-5p significantly enhanced the anti-proliferative effect, apoptosis and sensitivity to DDP by regulating the protein expression levels of HOXB7, HER2, Bcl-2 and G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1). Furthermore, psoralen reversed miR-196a-5p-induced DDP resistance and reduced the expression levels of HOXB7, HER2, Bcl-2 and CCND1. Conclusion miR-196a-5p may be a novel biomarker of chemotherapeutic success in patients with GC and may also influence the sensitivity of GC cells to DDP. Moreover, psoralen can increase chemotherapeutic sensitivity by upregulating miR-196a-5p and then downregulating HOXB7-HER2 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qian Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Akintunde JK, Abioye JB, Ebinama ON. Potential Protective Effects of Naringin on Oculo-Pulmonary Injury Induced by PM 10 (Wood Smoke) Exposure by Modulation of Oxidative Damage and Acetylcholine Esterase Activity in a Rat Model. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2020; 92:100586. [PMID: 32419878 PMCID: PMC7214769 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Millions of households in the world depend on wood and biomass for cooking and heating. This dependence leads to undesirable toxic effects, such as ocular and pulmonary toxicity. OBJECTIVES The present study examined the potential oculoprotective and pulmonary protective activity of naringin (NRG), a naturally occurring flavonoid, against wood smoke (WS)-induced toxicity in a rat model. METHODS Forty-eight adult male albino rats were randomly distributed into six (n=8) groups. All rats were fed, given water, and observed for 21 days, Group I (control) received only distilled water and no WS exposure, Group II was exposed to WS, Group III was exposed to WS and given 50 mg/kg/d α-tocopherol (vitamin E), Group IV was exposed to WS and given 80 mg/kg/day NRG, Group V was administered only 80 mg/kg/d NRG only, and Group VI was administered only 50 mg/kg/d vitamin E. WS exposure was for 20 min/d. The effect of NRG treatment on acetylcholinesterase activity, nitric oxide radical production, malondialdehyde level, and antioxidant enzymes (ie, superoxide dismustase and catalase) in WS-exposed rats was examined. RESULTS Subchronic (21 day) exposure to WS induced ocular and pulmonary toxicity manifested by the infiltration of parenchyma, atrophy, and inflammation of the cells, which was correlated with alterations in antioxidant enzyme concentrations. Cell damage was associated with an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity and nitric oxide radical concentrations. The toxicity triggered by WS was modulated by the coadministration of NRG. CONCLUSION These results suggest that NRG treatment may be useful to reduce WS-induced oxidative stress and related ocular and pulmonary damage in rats. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2012; 73:XXX-XXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob K. Akintunde
- Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture,Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
- Toxicology and Safety Unit, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Joseph B. Abioye
- Toxicology and Safety Unit, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Owen N. Ebinama
- Toxicology and Safety Unit, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
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Jiang X, Liu Y, Zhang G, Lin S, Yuan N, Wu J, Yan X, Ma Y, Ma M. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic Acid Inhibits Precancerous Breast Lesion MCF-10AT Cells via Regulation of LINC00707/miR-206 that Reduces Estrogen Receptor-α. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2301-2314. [PMID: 32273767 PMCID: PMC7108719 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) has therapeutic effects on a range of diseases, including tumours. lncRNAs, as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), can interact with miRNAs to regulate the expression of target genes, which can affect the development of tumors. Here, we examined the effects of AKBA on breast precancerous lesions MCF-10AT cells. Methods The expression profiles of breast cancer (BC) tissue were collated from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed. AKBA targets were predicted by network pharmacology. The expression of long intergenic nonprotein-coding RNA 707 (LINC00707), miR-206 and ER-α was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, apoptosis and cycle were assessed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Results A total of 3205 differentially expressed mRNAs, 104 miRNAs, and 605 lncRNAs were identified. The ceRNA network consisting of 9 lncRNAs, 15 miRNAs and 82 mRNAs was constructed. We found that LINC00707 was up-regulated and miR-206 was down-regulated in MCF-10AT cells. Transfected si-LINC00707 could inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell apoptosis and cycle arrest of MCF-10AT cells. In addition, network pharmacology predicted that AKBA may regulate the ESR1 in the treatment of BC. Our research demonstrated that AKBA could induce cell apoptosis and G1-phase arrest and inhibit ER-α expression via LINC00707/miR-206 in MCF-10AT cells. Conclusion AKBA inhibited MCF-10AT cells via regulation of LINC00707/miR-206 that reduces ER-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijuan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijun Yuan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyan Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxin Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ma
- Institute of Biomedicine and Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Seetha A, Devaraj H, Sudhandiran G. Indomethacin and juglone inhibit inflammatory molecules to induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22433. [PMID: 31916655 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common fatal cancer. Indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is known to reduce the occurrence of CRC. This study evaluated the potential anticolon cancer effects of juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) in combination with indomethacin. Human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) were subjected to treatment with indomethacin, juglone, and a combination of both. Morphological analysis, cell cycle regulation, and dual staining using acridine orange and ethidium bromide in control and treated cells revealed the apoptotic potential of these compounds. Bcl2 and inflammatory molecules (tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor kappa B, and Cox-2) were found to be decreased with a concomitant increase in the expression of proapoptotic molecules (Bad, Bax, cytochrome c, and PUMA) as a result of the molecular regulation of Wnt, Notch, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ signaling. Treatment with juglone was not as effective as with indomethacin; however, a combination of both was shown to be more effective, suggesting that juglone may be considered for therapeutic intervention of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alagesan Seetha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Halagowder Devaraj
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
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Guo L, Yang T. Oxymatrine Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells via the PI3K Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10499-10508. [PMID: 31853201 PMCID: PMC6916680 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s221950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxymatrine has been reported to possess anti-cancer activity, but its role in breast cancer (BC) is weakly defined. We investigated the anti-cancer effects of oxymatrine in human BC cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects. Methods BC lines were treated with oxymatrine. The MTT assay was conducted to evaluate cell viability. The cell cycle and apoptosis of BC cells were analyzed using flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining. Transwell™ assays were undertaken to measure the migratory and invasive abilities of MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231 cells. Expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, cyclin D1, cluster of differentiation (CD)K2, PARP, Gsk3β, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and Bax at protein and RNA levels was measured by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Oxymatrine inhibited the proliferation of BC cells in a time-dependent manner. It induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent way according to Annexin V and Hoechst 33258 staining. Oxymatrine could inhibit the invasion of BC cells as shown by the Transwell assay. Oxymatrine inhibited expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 while increasing that of Bax as well as increasing expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Addition of oxymatrine to BC cells attenuated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway cascade, as evidenced by dephosphorylation of P13K and Akt. Conclusion Oxymatrine exerts its anti-tumor effects in BC cells by abolishing the PI3K pathway. Oxymatrine may be a new compound for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Nutriology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, LiaoNing 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Yang
- The Department of Social Service, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, LiaoNing 110004, People's Republic of China
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Javir G, Joshi K. Evaluation of the combinatorial effect of Tinospora cordifolia and Zingiber officinale on human breast cancer cells. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:428. [PMID: 31696033 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of the combination treatment of Tinospora cordifolia (TC) and Zingiber officinale (ZO) using network pharmacology approach. In silico analysis of the anticancer activity of TC + ZO was carried out using Cytoscape 3.2.0 software to elucidate the mechanism. The MTT assay confirms the combination of TC and ZO is more active (IC50; 2 μg ml-1) as compared to TC (509 μg ml-1) and ZO (1 mg ml-1) alone in MCF-7 cells. The TC + ZO combination treatment inhibits DNA synthesis, migration, and induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells as compared to TC and ZO alone at a concentration of 1 µg ml-1. TC + ZO combination treatment arrested cell cycle significantly at the G0/G1 phase. The proposed synergistic activity of the two herbs in the treatment of several cancers was correlated with an appropriate associated target/s, based on the pharmacological network. Interestingly, when both the plants used in combination, were found to regulate a total of 16 genes in 27 types of cancers. Further, ALOX5, MMP2, and MMP9 genes were identified as major targets which are responsible for the TC + ZO anticancer activity. According to merged and sub-networks of source-bioactive, bioactive-target, target-disease of TC, ZO alone and their combination; MMP9 was selected for validation purpose. The real-time PCR analysis confirmed that the TC + ZO combination treatment significantly down-regulated MMP9 mRNA expression by fivefold via up-regulation of its downstream target ER-α by 3.5-fold. In conclusion, the network analysis and in vitro validation confirmed the potent synergistic activity of TC + ZO combination treatment in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Javir
- 1Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra India
- 2Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411041 India
| | - Kalpana Joshi
- 2Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411041 India
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Yu L, Chen W, Tang Q, Ji KY. Micheliolide Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Growth Via Inducing Apoptosis And Perturbing Actin Cytoskeleton. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9203-9212. [PMID: 31754310 PMCID: PMC6825479 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s216870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Micheliolide (MCL) is an effector compound of the flower which has been traditionally used to treat inflammation and cancer patients in oriental medicine. MCL has killing effects on several cancer and immune cells by modulating apoptosis, cell cycle, and metabolism. However, the detail of the mechanisms of anti-cancer activity remains to be elucidated and the effect on liver cancer cells is unknown. Methods Cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 and clone formation assay. The xenograft liver cancer model formed by injecting Huh7 cells into NUDE mice was used to evaluate the effects of MCL on liver cancer cells in vivo. We evaluated the stemness of cells with spheroid formation assay and flow cytometry assay. The apoptosis was determined by Annexin V assay. F-actin staining and ROS were performed to detect the impairment of the F-actin cytoskeleton and mitochondria. Results Here, we first show that MCL inhibits liver cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro by triggering apoptosis which was reduced by anti-oxidant, but not cell-cycle arrest. In addition, MCL induces mitochondrial ROS and caspase-3 activation. Also, we found that the aggregation of mitochondria and the perturbation of F-actin fibers in the MCL-treated liver cancer cells coincidently occurred before the induction of apoptosis and mitochondrial ROS. Conclusion These results suggest that F-actin perturbation is involved in impaired mitochondria and apoptosis. Therefore, MCL can be a potent therapeutic reagent for liver cancer, primarily targeting the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Wancheng Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshuang Tang
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Yuan Ji
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, People's Republic of China
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Comhaire F, Deslypere JP. News and views in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS): The role of co-morbidity and novel treatments. Med Hypotheses 2019; 134:109444. [PMID: 31669858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Though affecting many thousands of patients, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) should be considered an orphan disease, since the cause remains elusive and no treatment is available that can provide complete cure. There is reasonable insight into the pathogenesis of signs and symptoms, and treatments specifically directed to immunological, inflammatory and metabolic processes offer relief to an increasing number of patients. Particular attention is given to the importance of co-morbidity requiring appropriate therapy. Promising results are obtained by treatment with Metformin, or possibly Momordica charantia extract, which will correct insulin resistance, with Meldonium improving the transportation of glucose into the mitochondria, with sodium dichloroacetate activating pyruvate dehydrogenase, and with nutraceutical support reducing oxidative and inflammatory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Comhaire
- Emeritus Professor of Internal Medicine, Endrocrinology and Metabolic diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium.
| | - J P Deslypere
- Managing Director Aesculape CRO BVBA, Belseledorp, 116; B9111 Belsele, Belgium
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Sur S, Nakanishi H, Flaveny C, Ippolito JE, McHowat J, Ford DA, Ray RB. Inhibition of the key metabolic pathways, glycolysis and lipogenesis, of oral cancer by bitter melon extract. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:131. [PMID: 31638999 PMCID: PMC6802351 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer which favours rapid energy production, biosynthetic capabilities and therapy resistance. In our previous study, we showed bitter melon extract (BME) prevents carcinogen induced mouse oral cancer. RNA sequence analysis from mouse tongue revealed a significant modulation in "Metabolic Process" by altering glycolysis and lipid metabolic pathways in BME fed group as compared to cancer group. In present study, we evaluated the effect of BME on glycolysis and lipid metabolism pathways in human oral cancer cells. METHODS Cal27 and JHU022 cells were treated with BME. RNA and protein expression were analysed for modulation of glycolytic and lipogenesis genes by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot analyses and immunofluorescence. Lactate and pyruvate level was determined by GC/MS. Extracellular acidification and glycolytic rate were measured using the Seahorse XF analyser. Shotgun lipidomics in Cal27 and JHU022 cell lines following BME treatment was performed by ESI/ MS. ROS was measured by FACS. RESULTS Treatment with BME on oral cancer cell lines significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of key glycolytic genes SLC2A1 (GLUT-1), PFKP, LDHA, PKM and PDK3. Pyruvate and lactate levels and glycolysis rate were reduced in oral cancer cells following BME treatment. In lipogenesis pathway, we observed a significant reduction of genes involves in fatty acid biogenesis, ACLY, ACC1 and FASN, at the mRNA and protein levels following BME treatment. Further, BME treatment significantly reduced phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and plasmenylethanolamine, and reduced iPLA2 activity. Additionally, BME treatment inhibited lipid raft marker flotillin expression and altered its subcellular localization. ER-stress associated CHOP expression and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were induced by BME, which facilitated apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that bitter melon extract inhibits glycolysis and lipid metabolism and induces ER and oxidative stress-mediated cell death in oral cancer. Thus, BME-mediated metabolic reprogramming of oral cancer cells will have important preventive and therapeutic implications along with conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Colin Flaveny
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Joseph E. Ippolito
- 0000 0001 2355 7002grid.4367.6Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Jane McHowat
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - David A. Ford
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bBiochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- 0000 0004 1936 9342grid.262962.bDepartment of Pathology, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
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Liang X, Xu C, Cao X, Wang W. Isovitexin Suppresses Cancer Stemness Property And Induces Apoptosis Of Osteosarcoma Cells By Disruption Of The DNMT1/miR-34a/Bcl-2 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8923-8936. [PMID: 31686915 PMCID: PMC6800563 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s222708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isovitexin (apigenin-6-C-glucoside, ISOV) is a natural flavonoid that exhibits tumor suppressive activity on various types of cancer. However, it is unknown whether the mechanism of its action in osteosarcoma (OS) is associated with epigenetic regulation and whether it involves DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), microRNAs and their targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study investigated the effects of ISOV on DNMT1 activation and miR-34a and Bcl-2 expression levels in order to explain the mechanism underlying ISOV-mediated repression of proliferation and stemness. In addition, the induction of apoptosis in the spheres derived from OS cells was investigated. RESULTS The results indicated that ISOV significantly repressed survival, induced apoptosis and decreased the level of CD133, CD44, ABCG2 and ALDH1 mRNA in the spheres derived from U2OS (U2OS-SC) and MG63 cells (MG63-SC). ISOV further reduced the sphere formation rate of U2OS-SC and MG63-SC. It is important to noted that, ISOV inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor size of U2OS-SC xenografts in nude mice, which was accompanied by decreased CD133 protein levels, elevated apoptotic index, downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, reduced DNMT1 activity and expression, increased miR-34a and decreased Bcl-2 levels. We identified that Bcl-2 as a direct functional target of miR-34a. Furthermore, ISOV exhibited a synergistic effect with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, the miR-34a mimic or ABT-263 in order to repress cell survival, induce apoptosis, downregulate CD133, CD44, ABCG2 and ALDH1 mRNA expression levels and reduce sphere formation rates of U2OS-SC and MG63-SC cells. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that ISOV-mediated epigenetic regulation involved the DNMT1/miR-34a/Bcl-2 axis and caused the suppression of stemness and induction of apoptosis in the spheres derived from OS cells. The data indicated that ISOV exhibited a novel efficient potential for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410011, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410011, China
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Saini A, Panesar PS, Bera MB. Comparative Study on the Extraction and Quantification of Polyphenols from Citrus Peels Using Maceration and Ultrasonic Technique. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.7.3.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Citrus processing industry generates the large amount of byproducts, which are rich in polyphenols that have high antioxidant properties. These polyphenols can be extracted and utilized in different applications. In present investigation, comparative study was undertaken using maceration (M) and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) for the efficient extraction of polyphenols from citrus peels of different cultivars such as ‘kinnow mandarin’ (Citrus reticulata) and ‘mousambi’ (Citrus limetta). The total phenols (28.30 mg/GAE g dw), flavonoids (4.40 mg/CE g dw) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (48.23%) were attained from kinnow mandarin peels whereas total phenols (21.99 mg/GAE g dw), flavonoids (2.07 mg/CE g dw) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (39.73%) were obtained from mousambi peels using UAE method. Therefore, the results indicated the efficiency of UAE method as compared to maceration technique for the extraction of polyphenols in terms of high yield and their antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Saini
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal-148106, Punjab, India
| | - Parmjit Singh Panesar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal-148106, Punjab, India
| | - Manab Bandhu Bera
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal-148106, Punjab, India
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Yang L, Zhao L, Zeng T, Chen H, Shao J, Yang S, Tao Z, Yang J, Chen T, Lin X, Chen X, Tang M. Mechanisms Underlying Therapeutic Effects Of Traditional Chinese Medicine On Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8407-8418. [PMID: 31571996 PMCID: PMC6754335 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s218214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. It is the fourth most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate globally. Metastasis is an important feature of gastric cancer and is the most common cause of death. Exploring the mechanism underlying the metastasis of gastric cancer and searching for new drug targets has become the focus of several studies. Traditional Chinese medicine may show promise for treatment of gastric cancer. In this review, we report the recent progress in research on the anti-metastasis activity of Chinese medicine, to facilitate clinical development of treatments for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqian Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianni Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheying Tao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongke Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mosheng Tang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Lishui City People’s Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Bahrami A, Fereidouni M, Pirro M, Bianconi V, Sahebkar A. Modulation of regulatory T cells by natural products in cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 459:72-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lead bioactive compounds of Aloe vera as potential anticancer agent. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104416. [PMID: 31470079 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) is a perennial succulent medicinal plant. It has been used as a traditional or folk medicine for thousands of years and claimed that it possesses wound and burn healing activities, and anti-inflammatory as well as immunomodulatory effects. In recent years, the use of Aloe vera has been growing as a dietary supplement. The pre-clinical studies over the last couple of decades uncover the potential therapeutic activities of Aloe vera and its bioactive compounds, especially against neoplastic disease. Such investigations indicate the possible preventive as well as therapeutic effects of Aloe vera against cancer. Here, we discuss the crucial bioactive compounds of Aloe vera that have been harnessed against cancer and also address several mechanisms of action of these lead bioactive compounds compared to other standard drugs involved in cancer prevention and treatment.
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