1
|
Noè R, Carrer A. Diet predisposes to pancreatic cancer through cellular nutrient sensing pathways. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38886112 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with limited effective treatments. A deeper understanding of its molecular mechanisms is crucial to reduce incidence and mortality. Epidemiological evidence suggests a link between diet and disease risk, though dietary recommendations for at-risk individuals remain debated. Here, we propose that cell-intrinsic nutrient sensing pathways respond to specific diet-derived cues to facilitate oncogenic transformation of pancreatic epithelial cells. This review explores how diet influences pancreatic cancer predisposition through nutrient sensing and downstream consequences for (pre-)cancer cell biology. We also examine experimental evidence connecting specific food intake to pancreatic cancer progression, highlighting nutrient sensing as a promising target for therapeutic development to mitigate disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Noè
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carrer
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Musiu C, Lupo F, Agostini A, Lionetto G, Bevere M, Paiella S, Carbone C, Corbo V, Ugel S, De Sanctis F. Cellular collusion: cracking the code of immunosuppression and chemo resistance in PDAC. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341079. [PMID: 38817612 PMCID: PMC11137177 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the efforts, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still highly lethal. Therapeutic challenges reside in late diagnosis and establishment of peculiar tumor microenvironment (TME) supporting tumor outgrowth. This stromal landscape is highly heterogeneous between patients and even in the same patient. The organization of functional sub-TME with different cellular compositions provides evolutive advantages and sustains therapeutic resistance. Tumor progressively establishes a TME that can suit its own needs, including proliferation, stemness and invasion. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells, the main non-neoplastic cellular TME components, follow soluble factors-mediated neoplastic instructions and synergize to promote chemoresistance and immune surveillance destruction. Unveiling heterotypic stromal-neoplastic interactions is thus pivotal to breaking this synergism and promoting the reprogramming of the TME toward an anti-tumor milieu, improving thus the efficacy of conventional and immune-based therapies. We underscore recent advances in the characterization of immune and fibroblast stromal components supporting or dampening pancreatic cancer progression, as well as novel multi-omic technologies improving the current knowledge of PDAC biology. Finally, we put into context how the clinic will translate the acquired knowledge to design new-generation clinical trials with the final aim of improving the outcome of PDAC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Musiu
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Lupo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Agostini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lionetto
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Bevere
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pontifex MG, Vauzour D, Muller M. Sexual dimorphism in the context of nutrition and health. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:109-119. [PMID: 37665115 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123003610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Diets and dietary constituents that we consume have a considerable impact on disease risk. Intriguingly these effects may be modulated to some extent by sex. Lack of female representation in nutritional studies as well as a lack of stratification by sex has and continues to limit our understanding of these sex × diet interactions. Here we provide an overview of the current and available literature describing how exposure to certain dietary patterns (Western-style diet, Mediterranean diet, vegetarian/vegan, ketogenic diet) and dietary constituents (dietary fibre, PUFA and plant bioactive) influences disease risk in a sex-specific manner. Interestingly, these sex differences appear to be highly disease-specific. The identification of such sex differences in response to diet stresses the importance of sex stratification in nutritional research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Michael Muller
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Klement RJ. Anti-tumor effects of ketogenic diets and their synergism with other treatments in mice: Bayesian evidence synthesis of 1755 individual mouse survival data. Biomed J 2024; 47:100609. [PMID: 37245566 PMCID: PMC10900256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketogenic diets (KDs) are high-fat diets with putative anti-tumor effects. The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence for the anti-tumor effects of KDs in mice, with a focus on their possible synergism with chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), or targeted therapies (TT). METHODS Relevant studies were retrieved from a literature search. A total of 43 articles reporting on 65 mouse experiments fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 1755 individual mouse survival times were collated from the study authors or the publications. The restricted mean survival time ratio (RMSTR) between the KD and control groups served as the effect size. Bayesian evidence synthesis models were used to estimate pooled effect sizes and to assess the impact of putative confounders and synergism between KD and other therapies. RESULTS Overall, there was a significant survival-prolonging effect of KD monotherapy (RMSTR = 1.161 ± 0.040), which was confirmed in meta-regression accounting for syngeneic versus xenogeneic models, early versus late KD start and subcutaneous versus other organ growth. Combining the KD with RT or TT, but not CT, was associated with a further 30% (RT) or 21% (TT) prolongation of survival. An analysis accounting for 15 individual tumor entities showed that KDs exerted significant survival-prolonging effects in pancreatic cancer (all treatment combinations), gliomas (KD + RT and KD + TT), head and neck cancer (KD + RT), and stomach cancer (KD+RT and KD + TT). CONCLUSIONS This analytical study confirmed the overall anti-tumor effects of KDs in a large number of mouse experiments and provides evidence for synergistic effects with RT and TT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer J Klement
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Leopoldina Hospital Schweinfurt, Schweinfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jeong YJ, Rogers TJ, Anderson CE, Lien EC. Tumor lipid metabolism: a mechanistic link between diet and cancer progression. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 84:102993. [PMID: 37716318 PMCID: PMC10872979 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The potential for 'anti-cancer' diets to markedly alter cancer risk and prognosis has captured the imagination of patients, physicians, and researchers alike, but many of these dietary recommendations come from correlative studies that attribute certain diets to altered cancer risk. While provocative, little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind how these dietary interventions impact cancer progression. Within this context, however, changes in tumor lipid metabolism are emerging as a key contributor. In this review, we examine the current understanding of lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME), suggesting how diet-induced changes in lipid composition may regulate tumor progression and therapeutic efficacy. By dissecting various cellular pathways involved in lipid metabolism, we highlight how diet modulates the balance between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid (FA) species in tumors to impact cancer cell and stromal cell function. Finally, we describe how current cancer therapies may synergize with diet to improve therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Jeong
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Thomas J Rogers
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Carolyn E Anderson
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Evan C Lien
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rescigno M. Training the microbiota to increase immune checkpoint blockade and to reduce toxicity. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250183. [PMID: 36747375 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is no doubt that immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has drastically improved treatment of metastatic cancer patients. Microbiota composition has been proposed to be one of the reasons for failure or success. ICB works via the activation or reactivation of T cells that are "switched off" by tumor cells or by the tumor microenvironment. Even advanced metastatic disease, previously considered as untreatable, can benefit from cancer immunotherapy. However, still a good proportion of patients does not respond to therapy or acquires resistance during treatment. Some genera or species of bacteria have been associated with treatment response or toxicity, but as the composition of the microbiota is not static, rather, it is very dynamic there is promise that by changing the microbiota composition, or by harnessing the microbiota 'secrete' tricks, one can improve treatment efficacy or reduce toxicity. Several players, including diet, prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics, have been proposed to shape the microbiota. In this minireview, we summarize very recent data on how to train the microbiota to increase ICB efficacy and reduce toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rescigno
- IRCSS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cortez NE, Pathak S, Rodriguez Lanzi C, Hong BV, Crone R, Sule R, Wang F, Chen S, Gomes AV, Baar K, Mackenzie GG. A Ketogenic Diet in Combination with Gemcitabine Mitigates Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Cachexia in Male and Female KPC Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10753. [PMID: 37445930 PMCID: PMC10341838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a critical contributor to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mortality. Thus, there is an urgent need for new strategies to mitigate PDAC-associated cachexia; and the exploration of dietary interventions is a critical component. We previously observed that a ketogenic diet (KD) combined with gemcitabine enhances overall survival in the autochthonous LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53 R172H/+; Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mouse model. In this study, we investigated the effect and cellular mechanisms of a KD in combination with gemcitabine on the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass in KPC mice. For this purpose, male and female pancreatic tumor-bearing KPC mice were allocated to a control diet (CD), a KD, a CD + gemcitabine (CG), or a KD + gemcitabine (KG) group. We observed that a KD or a KG-mitigated muscle strength declined over time and presented higher gastrocnemius weights compared CD-fed mice. Mechanistically, we observed sex-dependent effects of KG treatment, including the inhibition of autophagy, and increased phosphorylation levels of eIF2α in KG-treated KPC mice when compared to CG-treated mice. Our data suggest that a KG results in preservation of skeletal muscle mass. Additional research is warranted to explore whether this diet-treatment combination can be clinically effective in combating CAC in PDAC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E. Cortez
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
| | - Suraj Pathak
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Cecilia Rodriguez Lanzi
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
| | - Brian V. Hong
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
| | - Ryman Crone
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rasheed Sule
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Fangyi Wang
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Shuai Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Aldrin V. Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gerardo G. Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Jada DN, Takruri HR, Talib WH. From antiepileptic therapy to promising adjuvant in medical oncology: A historical view of the ketogenic diet. PHARMANUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
|
9
|
Cortez NE, Lanzi CR, Hong BV, Xu J, Wang F, Chen S, Ramsey JJ, Pontifex MG, Müller M, Vauzour D, Vahmani P, Hwang CI, Matsukuma K, Mackenzie GG. Correction: A Ketogenic Diet in Combination with Gemcitabine Increases Survival in Pancreatic Cancer KPC Mice. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:1668. [PMID: 36970724 PMCID: PMC10035528 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-22-0256.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-22-0256.].
Collapse
|