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Ebbert MTW, Ross CA, Pregent LJ, Lank RJ, Zhang C, Katzman RB, Jansen-West K, Song Y, da Rocha EL, Palmucci C, Desaro P, Robertson AE, Caputo AM, Dickson DW, Boylan KB, Rademakers R, Ordog T, Li H, Belzil VV. Conserved DNA methylation combined with differential frontal cortex and cerebellar expression distinguishes C9orf72-associated and sporadic ALS, and implicates SERPINA1 in disease. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 134:715-728. [PMID: 28808785 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously found C9orf72-associated (c9ALS) and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) brain transcriptomes comprise thousands of defects, among which, some are likely key contributors to ALS pathogenesis. We have now generated complementary methylome data and combine these two data sets to perform a comprehensive "multi-omic" analysis to clarify the molecular mechanisms initiating RNA misregulation in ALS. We found that c9ALS and sALS patients have generally distinct but overlapping methylome profiles, and that the c9ALS- and sALS-affected genes and pathways have similar biological functions, indicating conserved pathobiology in disease. Our results strongly implicate SERPINA1 in both C9orf72 repeat expansion carriers and non-carriers, where expression levels are greatly increased in both patient groups across the frontal cortex and cerebellum. SERPINA1 expression is particularly pronounced in C9orf72 repeat expansion carriers for both brain regions, where SERPINA1 levels are strictly down regulated across most human tissues, including the brain, except liver and blood, and are not measurable in E18 mouse brain. The altered biological networks we identified contain critical molecular players known to contribute to ALS pathology, which also interact with SERPINA1. Our comprehensive combined methylation and transcription study identifies new genes and highlights that direct genetic and epigenetic changes contribute to c9ALS and sALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T W Ebbert
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Christian A Ross
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Luc J Pregent
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Rebecca J Lank
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Rebecca B Katzman
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Karen Jansen-West
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yuping Song
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Edroaldo Lummertz da Rocha
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carla Palmucci
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Pamela Desaro
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Amelia E Robertson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ana M Caputo
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Kevin B Boylan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Medical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Veronique V Belzil
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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Lannan EA, Galliher-Beckley AJ, Scoltock AB, Cidlowski JA. Proinflammatory actions of glucocorticoids: glucocorticoids and TNFα coregulate gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Endocrinology 2012; 153:3701-12. [PMID: 22673229 PMCID: PMC3404340 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used for treatment of many inflammatory diseases. However, long-term glucocorticoid treatment can cause a variety of negative side effects. A genome-wide microarray analysis was performed in human lung A549 cells to identify genes regulated by both the antiinflammatory steroid dexamethasone (Dex) and the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα. Unexpectedly, we discovered that numerous genes were coregulated by treatment with both Dex and TNFα. We evaluated the mechanism of coregulation of one of these genes, serpinA3 (α-1 antichymotrypsin), a secreted, acute phase protein strongly associated with numerous inflammatory diseases. Up-regulation of serpinA3 requires the presence of both the glucocorticoid receptor and TNFα soluble receptor 1. Treatment with Dex or TNFα resulted in a 10- to 25-fold increase of serpinA3 mRNA, whereas coadministration of Dex and TNFα led to a synergistic increase in serpinA3 mRNA. The naturally occurring glucocorticoid, cortisol, also resulted in a synergistic increase in serpinA3 mRNA levels in A549 cells. Furthermore, in vivo treatment of C57BL/6 mice with Dex and TNFα resulted in coregulation of serpinA3 mRNA levels in both lung and liver tissues. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses suggest that glucocorticoid receptor binding to the serpinA3 transcriptional start site can be enhanced by the combination of Dex plus TNFα treatment of A549 cells. These studies demonstrate that glucocorticoids and proinflammatory compounds can coregulate genes associated with human disease. This discovery may underlie the basis of some of the adverse effects associated with long-term glucocorticoid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Lannan
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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Kamboh MI, Minster RL, Kenney M, Ozturk A, Desai PP, Kammerer CM, DeKosky ST. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT or SERPINA3) polymorphism may affect age-at-onset and disease duration of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2005; 27:1435-9. [PMID: 16137793 PMCID: PMC1609963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2005] [Revised: 07/11/2005] [Accepted: 07/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In addition to genetic effects on disease risk, age-at-onset (AAO) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is also genetically controlled. Using AAO as a covariate, a linkage signal for AD has been detected on chromosome 14q32 near the alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) gene. Previously, a signal peptide polymorphism (codon -17A>T) in the ACT gene has been suggested to affect AD risk, but with inconsistent findings. Given that a linkage signal for AAO has been detected near ACT, we hypothesized that ACT genetic variation affects AAO rather than disease risk and this may explain the previous inconsistent findings between ACT genetic variation and AD risk. We examined the impact of the ACT signal peptide polymorphism on mean AAO in 909 AD cases. The ACT polymorphism was significantly associated with AAO and this effect was independent of the APOE polymorphism. Mean AAO among ACT/AA homozygotes was significantly lower than that in the combined AT+TT genotype group (p = 0.019) and this difference was confined to male AD patients (p = 0.002). Among male AD patients, the ACT/AA genotype was also associated with shorter disease duration before death as compared to the ACT/AT+TT genotypes (p = 0.012). These data suggest that the ACT gene may affect AAO and disease duration of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Lin JJ, Yueh KC, Chang CY, Chen CH, Lin SZ. The homozygote AA genotype of the α1-antichymotrypsin gene may confer protection against early-onset Parkinson's disease in women. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2004; 10:469-73. [PMID: 15542006 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There has been increasing evidence suggesting that inflammatory response maybe involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Alpha1-antichymotrypsin gene (ACT) has been regarded as a susceptibility factor for PD in the past, but the evidence remains controversial. This case-control study was designed to investigate the association of alpha1-antichymotrypsin gene (ACT) polymorphism between 210 Taiwanese patients with clinical definite sporadic PD and 260 controls, matched by age and sex. There were no differences of allelic frequency (A and T) and genotype polymorphism (AA, AT and TT) of the ACT in PD patients from the controls. However, there were significantly fewer early-onset PD (onset age younger than 60 years) or PD women carrying the homozygote AA genotype (ACT-AA) than in controls (p=0.046 and 0.044, respectively). Further analysis revealed that the reduced risk of ACT-AA was particularly significant among PD women with the onset age younger than 60 years (OR=0.796, 95% CI=0.749-0.847, p<0.0001). This study shows that ACT-AA may confer a modest protection against developing early-onset PD in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chushang Show-Chwan Hospital, 75 Sec. 2 Chi-Shang Road, Chushang Jenn, Nantou 557, Taiwan.
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Lin CN, Liu HC, Tsai SJ, Liu TY, Hong CJ. Association study for Parkinson's disease and a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism (1215A/G). Eur Neurol 2003; 48:207-9. [PMID: 12422069 DOI: 10.1159/000066162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) may play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) because dopamine-specific neurotoxins are taken into dopaminergic nerve terminals via the DAT. A recent study has demonstrated that a DAT polymorphism in exon 9 (1215A/G) is associated with susceptibility to PD. This finding was not replicated by another study, however. Therefore, the significance of this association was tested using a Chinese sample population consisting of 102 PD patients and 174 controls, together with the association for onset age. Comparing the two groups, neither the genotypic (p = 0.272) nor allelic frequencies (p = 0.209) were statistically different. Further, the mean onset age was not significantly different for PD patients comparing the DAT genotypes (p = 0.925). Our findings confirm those of the previous negative report and, taken together, suggest that the DAT polymorphism (1215A/G) does not play a major role in the susceptibility to PD. Other DAT genetic variants, and the association of these variants with PD symptomatology or treatment response, may merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Nan Lin
- Provisional Chia-Nan Psychiatric Center, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Wang J, Zhao CY, Si YM, Liu ZL, Chen B, Yu L. ACT and UCH-L1 polymorphisms in Parkinson's disease and age of onset. Mov Disord 2002; 17:767-71. [PMID: 12210873 DOI: 10.1002/mds.10179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
alpha1-Antichymotrypsin (ACT) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have been suggested as susceptibility factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). We replicated these findings in a Chinese case-control sample consisting of 160 PD cases and 160 carefully matched control subjects. Genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and BstN1 or Rsa1 restriction enzyme assay. Analysis showed no significant difference between PD patients and controls for genotype or allele frequencies of the ACT and UCH-L1 S18Y polymorphisms. UCH-L1 S18Y polymorphism carriers, however, were found to be significantly less frequent in early-onset PD patients with a reduced risk of 0.557 (95% C.I. = 0.314-0.985; P = 0.043). These data suggest that ACT polymorphism does not influence the risk for developing PD. UCH-L1 S18Y polymorphism, however, may be a weak protective factor against early-onset PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Tang G, Xie H, Xu L, Hao Y, Lin D, Ren D. Genetic study of apolipoprotein E gene, alpha-1 antichymotrypsin gene in sporadic Parkinson disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2002; 114:446-9. [PMID: 11992569 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have suggested some common genetic risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) because there are some overlapping pathologies in these two neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we investigated the role of Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and the signal peptide polymorphism in alpha-1 antichymotrypsin (ACT) gene in idiopathic sporadic PD. The study was performed in a sample consisting of 68 PD cases and 160 healthy subjects in Shanghai China. We found no significant differences of ACT gene polymorphic distribution between PD cases and controls. The ApoE gene epsilon2/epsilon4 genotype was significantly more frequent in PD subjects (chi2 = 7.126, df = 1, P = 0.008) and conferred a 12.70 times susceptibility for PD (OR = 12.62, 95% CI: 1.445-110.17, chi2 = 5.259, P < 0.05, AF = 4.59%). No interaction of ApoE and ACT genes was detected in PD. Therefore, our data suggested that the ApoE epsilon2/epsilon4 genotype might be a susceptibility variant of moderate effect for sporadic idiopathic PD in our samples, whereas the ACT gene signal peptide polymorphism might not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomei Tang
- State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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