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Kullashi Spahija F, Sutej I, Basic K, Spahija K, Peros K. Impact of Calcium Lactate Pretreatment on Enamel Fluoride Uptake: A Comparative In Vitro Study of Different Fluoride Types and Concentrations. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:269. [PMID: 39330244 PMCID: PMC11433163 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15090269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to establish the effect of calcium lactate enamel pretreatment related to different fluoride types and concentrations on the enamel uptake of alkali-soluble fluorides. (2) Materials: In a blind and randomized in vitro study, a total of 60 teeth are used. The first 30 teeth were cut and randomly allocated into one of the following treatments: (A) calcium lactate pretreatment followed by three different fluoride solutions; (B) the "Fluoride only" group, with slabs treated with three different fluoride solutions; (C) the "Calcium only" group, with slabs treated with calcium lactate solution; (D) slabs treated with deionized water (negative control group). The next 30 teeth underwent all the above described group procedures but were treated with lower fluoride concentrations. Fluoride was extracted from enamel using 1 M KOH solution and analyzed using a fluoride ion-specific electrode. (3) Results: The findings revealed that slabs treated with NaF following calcium lactate pretreatment exhibited significantly greater enamel uptake of alkali-soluble fluoride compared to other substrates. This significant effect was not observed at lower fluoride concentrations. (4) Conclusion: The study demonstrates that pretreatment with calcium lactate followed by treatment with NaF at 226 ppm F significantly enhances the uptake of alkali-soluble fluoride in enamel compared to other fluoride types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fjolla Kullashi Spahija
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Ivana Sutej
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Kresimir Basic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
| | | | - Kristina Peros
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
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Baez-Polan J, Danciu TE, Sweier D, González-Cabezas C, Fontana M, Tenuta LMA. Enhancing Intraoral Fluoride Retention in Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024:23800844241252816. [PMID: 38877716 DOI: 10.1177/23800844241252816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have shown that a calcium prerinse can increase intraoral fluoride retention from a fluoride rinse. To explore the potential of this approach to control root caries, we assessed intraoral fluoride bioavailability after a calcium prerinse in older adults with normal to low salivary flow rates. METHODS In a 2-period crossover trial (NCT04239872), 20 participants (65-80 y old), with low or normal salivary flow rate, rinsed for 1 min with a 0.05% NaF mouth rinse (226 ppm F, F only) or with this rinse immediately after a 1-min rinse with 150 mM calcium lactate (Ca→F). Dental biofilm and saliva samples were collected before and up to 2 h after the rinse(s). Fluoride concentrations in saliva (whole and clarified) and dental biofilm (fluid and solid phases) were blindly determined. Data were statistically analyzed by a mixed-effects model for the effect of treatment, time, and their interaction (α = 5%). RESULTS The Ca→F group resulted in significantly higher fluoride concentrations in all variables analyzed, for almost all of the collection time points. The effect was greater in the biofilm solids and whole saliva (compatible with the formation of calcium fluoride deposits) and still significant (P < 0.001) after 2 h in the biofilm fluid and clarified saliva, suggesting that fluoride stored in insoluble particles was released, increasing free fluoride. CONCLUSION The use of a calcium prerinse before a fluoride rinse was able to prolong intraoral fluoride bioavailability in older adults. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT A calcium prerinse increased intraoral fluoride bioavailability in older individuals. This approach could be used to improve root caries control without the need to increase the fluoride concentration in dental products.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Baez-Polan
- Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T E Danciu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Sweier
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C González-Cabezas
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M Fontana
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - L M A Tenuta
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Carvalho TS, Araújo TT, Ventura TMO, Dionizio A, Câmara JVF, Moraes SM, Leme JC, Grizzo LT, Crusca E, Shibao PYT, Marchetto R, Henrique-Silva F, Pessan JP, Buzalaf MAR. Hemoglobin Protects Enamel against Intrinsic Enamel Erosive Demineralization. Caries Res 2024; 58:86-103. [PMID: 38198757 DOI: 10.1159/000536200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the changes in the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) proteome when this integument is formed in vivo after treatment with sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5), hemoglobin (HB), and a statherin-derived peptide (StN15), or their combination and then exposed to an intrinsic acid challenge. The effectiveness of these treatments in preventing intrinsic erosion was also evaluated. METHODS Ten volunteers, after prophylaxis, in 5 crossover phases, rinsed with the following solutions (10 mL, 1 min): control (deionized water-H2O) - group 1, 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5 - group 2, 1.0 mg/mL HB - group 3, 1.88 × 10-5M StN15 - group 4, or a blend of these - group 5. Following this, AEP formation occurred (2 h) and an enamel biopsy (10 µL, 0.01 m HCl, pH 2.0, 10 s) was conducted on one incisor. The biopsy acid was then analyzed for calcium (Arsenazo method). The vestibular surfaces of the other teeth were treated with the same acid. Acid-resistant proteins in the residual AEP were then collected and analyzed quantitatively via proteomics. RESULTS Compared to control, treatment with the proteins/peptide, mixed or isolated, markedly enhanced acid-resistant proteins in the AEP. Notable increases occurred in pyruvate kinase PKM (11-fold, CaneCPI-5), immunoglobulins and submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3B (4-fold, StN15), Hb, and lysozyme C (2-fold, StN15). Additionally, a range of proteins not commonly identified in the AEP but known to bind calcium or other proteins were identified in groups treated with the tested proteins/peptide either in isolation or as a mixture. The mean (SD, mM) calcium concentrations released from enamel were 3.67 ± 1.48a, 3.11 ± 0.72a, 1.94 ± 0.57b, 2.37 ± 0.90a, and 2.38 ± 0.45a for groups 1-5, respectively (RM-ANOVA/Tukey, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that all treatments, whether using a combination of proteins/peptides or in isolation, enhanced acid-resistant proteins in the AEP. However, only HB showed effectiveness in protecting against intrinsic erosive demineralization. These results pave the way for innovative preventive methods against intrinsic erosion, using "acquired pellicle engineering" techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamyris Souza Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara Teodoro Araújo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Victor Frazão Câmara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samanta Mascarenhas Moraes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Chaparro Leme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Tercilia Grizzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Crusca
- Department of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Reinaldo Marchetto
- Department of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, São Carlos Federal University, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Juliano Pelim Pessan
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Brazil
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Vertuan M, da Silva JF, de Souza BM, Braga AS, Magalhães AC. Effect of an experimental TiF 4/NaF solution in preventing tooth erosion. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 157:105823. [PMID: 37890417 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled in vivo study investigating the protective potential of a titanium tetrafluoride/ sodium fluoride (TiF4/NaF) solution compared to its respective positive and negative controls under an in vivo model, as well as the perception of participants regarding the use of this experimental solution. METHODS After the ethics approval and the selection procedures, 33 participants were divided into three treatments: TiF4/NaF solution (500 ppm F, pH 4.4); AmF/NaF/SnCl2-mouthwash (500 ppm F, pH 4.5) and water (pH 7.0) (n = 11). After professional cleaning, the participants rinsed with one of the solutions for one minute and waited two hours for the erosive challenge. The erosive solution (1 % citric acid, pH 2.5) was applied for 10 s on each central incisor (enamel area: 4 mm2) and collected for calcium analysis using III Arsenazo colorimetric method. The Ca2+ release data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis/ Dunn tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS Teeth treated with both fluoride solutions released less calcium into the acid (median and interquartile interval: TiF4/NaF - 0.45/0.19 mM and AmF/NaF/SnCl2 - 0.46/0.15 mM Ca2+, p = 0.99) compared to the negative control (1.12/0.42 mM Ca2+, 60 % reduction, p < 0.0006). For both F solutions, only one participant per group reported unpleasant taste. Four participants belonging to AmF/NaF/SnCl2-mouthwash reported burning sensation post-rinse, while only one participant described such feeling after TiF4/NaF rinsing. CONCLUSION The experimental TiF4/NaF solution was as effective as the commercial AmF/NaF/SnCl2-mouthwash in protecting enamel against erosive demineralization with a good acceptability by the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Vertuan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlia França da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Martines de Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Braga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Pelá VT, Ventura TMO, Taira EA, Thomassian LTG, Brito L, Matuhara YE, Henrique-Silva F, Groisman S, Carvalho TS, Lussi A, Buzalaf MAR. Use of Reflectometer Optipen to assess the preventive effect of a sugarcane cystatin on initial dental erosion in vivo. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105782. [PMID: 36934688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The sugarcane cystatin 5 (CaneCPI-5) showed protection against erosion and erosive tooth wear (ETW) under several protocols. However, evaluating these conditions in vivo is hard due to the lack of a suitable device. The aim of this study was to use clinically the relative surface reflection intensity (%SRI) by the Reflectometer Optipen to assess the acquired pellicle engineering with CaneCPI-5 rinse for the prevention of initial erosion in vivo. Nine volunteers were distributed in three cross-over phases, according to the rinse used, as follows: 1) Deionized water (negative control); 2) Elmex® (800 ppm Sn2+, 500 ppm F-; positive control); 3) 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5. The following experimental steps were performed: Initially, the volunteers received prophylaxis and the initial %SRI was performed. Subsequently, they rinsed with the solutions (10 mL; 1min), followed by the formation of the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP; 120min). After, the erosive challenge with citric acid 1%, pH 2.5 (10 μL; 10s) was performed (in isolation) on the buccal surface of the maxillary central incisors (right and left). The calcium present in the acid was analyzed by Arsenazo III method. Finally, the final %SRI was performed. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's tests and Spearman's correlation were used (p < 0.05). For both variables, the negative control led to significantly less protection (lower reflectivity and higher calcium release) in comparison with the other groups. The best protection (higher reflectivity and lower calcium release) was observed for the Elmex® and the CaneCPI-5 groups, with no significant differences between them (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between both analyzes. The Reflectometer Optipen demonstrated to be a good device to assess clinically. Moreover, CaneCPI-5 rinse proved effective through acquired pellicle engineering against initial erosion in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Taioqui Pelá
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Even Akemi Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Leonardo Brito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Yan Eiji Matuhara
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sonia Groisman
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, BE, Switzerland.
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Spinola MDS, Tenuta LMA. Calcium pretreatment enhances fluoride reactivity with enamel and dentine. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 134:105338. [PMID: 34920155 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High fluoride concentration treatments are known to react with enamel and dentine forming calcium fluoride (CaF2)-like deposits, but strategies to improve this reactivity beyond increasing fluoride concentration/reducing pH in fluoride treatments have not been explored. Here we investigated the ability of a calcium pre-treatment to improve fluoride reactivity. DESIGN In a blind and randomized in vitro study, sound and carious enamel and dentine slabs (n = 11/group) were randomly allocated into one of the following treatments: Deionized water (negative control); 0.05% sodium fluoride (F, positive control); 150 mM calcium lactate solution followed by 0.05% sodium fluoride solution (Ca→F); 150 mM calcium lactate solution premixed with 0.05% sodium fluoride solution (CaF2, active control). Alkali-soluble fluoride (representing CaF2-like deposits formed on the substrates) was extracted from the slabs using 1 M KOH for 24 h and measured by an ion-specific electrode. Carious slabs were further observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. RESULTS The Ca→F treatment enhanced fluoride reactivity with all tested substrates when compared with F alone. Carious substrates had a greater reactivity with F and Ca→F than their respective sound substrates, confirming that increased porosity enhances the reactivity with fluoride. Alkali-soluble fluoride concentration after the CaF2 treatment did not differ among the different substrates, suggesting this treatment causes only contamination with preformed CaF2, which was noted under SEM. CONCLUSION A calcium pretreatment enhances the reactivity of fluoride with enamel and dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela da Silva Spinola
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N University Ave, 48109 Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Livia Maria Andaló Tenuta
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N University Ave rm 2217, 48109 Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Burnett G, Nehme M, Parkinson C, Karwal R, Badrock T, Thomas GV, Hall P. A randomised oral fluoride retention study comparing intra-oral kinetics of fluoride-containing dentifrices before and after dietary acid exposure. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 119:104891. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carvalho TS, Araújo TT, Ventura TMO, Dionizio A, Câmara JVF, Moraes SM, Pelá VT, Martini T, Leme JC, Derbotolli ALB, Grizzo LT, Crusca E, Shibao PYT, Marchetto R, Henrique-Silva F, Pessan JP, Buzalaf MAR. Acquired pellicle protein-based engineering protects against erosive demineralization. J Dent 2020; 102:103478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Souza JGS, Del Bel Cury AA, Cury JA, Tenuta LMA. On the release of fluoride from biofilm reservoirs during a cariogenic challenge: an in situ study. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:870-876. [PMID: 32993384 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1826455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm fluoride reservoirs may be a source of fluoride to the fluid phase during a sugar challenge reducing tooth mineral loss. However, the evidence for that is conflicting and has not been studied in biofilms containing different fluoride levels. In order to test fluoride release from biofilms with distinct fluoride concentrations, biofilms were grown in situ exposed to a combination of placebo, calcium and fluoride rinses forming biofilms with no (fluoride-free rinses), low (fluoride-only rinses) or high (calcium followed by fluoride rinses) fluoride concentrations, and collected before and 5 min after a sucrose challenge. Rinsing with fluoride increased fluoride concentration in the biofilm (p < 0.05), mainly when a calcium pre-rinse was used before the fluoride (p < 0.05). However, after a sugar challenge, no significant increase in the biofilm fluid fluoride concentration was observed, even in the fluoride-rich biofilms (p > 0.05). Fluoride-rich biofilms do not release fluoride to the fluid phase during a sugar challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G S Souza
- Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jaime A Cury
- Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia M A Tenuta
- Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences & Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Alania Y, Natale LC, Nesadal D, Vilela H, Magalhães AC, Braga RR. In vitro remineralization of artificial enamel caries with resin composites containing calcium phosphate particles. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:1542-1550. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Alania
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Livia C. Natale
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Douglas Nesadal
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Handially Vilela
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana C. Magalhães
- Department of Biological SciencesBauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Roberto R. Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral BiologySchool of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Vogel GL, Schumacher GE, Chow LC, Tenuta LM. Oral Fluoride Levels 1 h after Use of a Sodium Fluoride Rinse: Effect of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Caries Res 2015; 49:291-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000381192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing the concentration of free fluoride in oral fluids is an important goal in the use of topical fluoride agents. Although sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a common dentifrice ingredient, the influence of this ion on plaque fluid and salivary fluid fluoride has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of SLS on these parameters and to examine the effect of this ion on total (or whole) plaque fluoride, an important source of plaque fluid fluoride after a sufficient interval following fluoride administration, and on total salivary fluoride, a parameter often used as a surrogate measure of salivary fluid fluoride. Ten subjects accumulated plaque for 48 h before rinsing with a 12 mmol/l NaF (228 µg/g F) rinse containing or not containing 0.5% (w/w) SLS. SLS had no statistically significant effect on total plaque and total saliva fluoride but significantly increased salivary fluid and plaque fluid fluoride (by 147 and 205%, respectively). These results suggest that the nonfluoride components of topical agents can be manipulated to improve the fluoride release characteristics from oral fluoride reservoirs and that statistically significant change may be observed in plaque fluid and salivary fluid fluoride concentrations that may not be observed in total plaque and total saliva fluoride concentrations.
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Abstract
Various caries prevention and repair strategies are reviewed in this article ranging from the use of fluoride to nanohydroxyapatite particles. Several of the strategies which combine fluoride and calcium and phosphate treatments have both in vitro and in vivo data showing them to be efficacious if the surface integrity of the lesion is not breached. Once this has occurred, the rationale for cutting off the nutrient supplies to the pathogenic bacteria without the removal of the infected dentine, a noninvasive restorative technique, is discussed using existing clinical studies as examples. Finally two novel noninvasive restorative techniques using fluorohydroxyapatite crystals are described. The need for clinical data in support of emerging caries-preventive and restorative strategies is emphasized.
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Chen MS, Strömberg E, Vogel GL, Sandborgh-Englund G. A randomized controlled trial: the efficacy of eluoride rinse combined with calcium pre-rinse to increase overnight salivary fluoride. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:557-60. [PMID: 24304291 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2013.859729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that a calcium (Ca) pre-rinse given before a 228 ppm fluoride (F) rinse greatly increased salivary fluoride. Objectives. The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to examine if Ca pre-rinse could increase the fluoride concentration in the overnight unstimulated saliva after a 905 ppm F-rinse. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-rinses containing 150 mM, 75 mM or 0 mM Ca-lactate prepared by a validated pharmaceutical cGPM procedure were tested by nine subjects in a randomized order immediately followed by a 905 ppm F-rinse. The fluoride concentration was measured in unstimulated saliva collected 10 h later. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The Ca pre-treatment significantly increased F level in overnight saliva following the 905 ppm fluoride rinse by 1.7× relative to the 905 ppm F-rinse alone; however, a significant effect was only observed with the highest (150 mM) Ca concentration as pre-rinse. Clinical relevance. High concentration F rinses (905 ppm) are commonly recommended for patients at high-risk of caries. A pre-treatment with high levels of Ca may further improve the cariostatic effect of this ion.
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Li X, Wang J, Joiner A, Chang J. The remineralisation of enamel: a review of the literature. J Dent 2014; 42 Suppl 1:S12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(14)50003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Turssi CP, Hara AT, Amaral FLB, França FMG, Basting RT. Calcium lactate pre-rinse increased fluoride protection against enamel erosion in a randomized controlled in situ trial. J Dent 2014; 42:534-9. [PMID: 24582799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in situ trial study was designed to evaluate whether calcium (Ca) pre-rinse would increase the fluoride (F) rinse protection against enamel erosion. METHODS Fifteen volunteers participated in this split-mouth, 3-phase, crossover design study wearing a palatal appliance containing four sterilized bovine enamel slabs, for 10 days. In the 1st phase, five participants followed protocol A: daily rinse with a Ca lactate (CaL, 150mmol/L, 1min), followed by F (NaF 12mmol/L, 1min). Other five participants followed protocol B: daily rinse only with F, while the remainders followed protocol C: no rinse (negative control). Appliances were removed from the mouth and one side of the palatal appliance was exposed to a daily erosive challenge (0.05M citric acid, 90s); the other side served as control (deionized water - no erosion). In the 2nd phase volunteers were crossed over to other protocol and in the 3rd phase volunteers received the remaining protocol not yet assigned. Specimens were evaluated for surface loss using an optical profilometer. RESULTS Repeated-measures three-way ANOVA (p=0.009) and Tukey's test showed that CaL pre-rinse followed by NaF rinse significantly decreased surface loss of enamel when performed prior to an erosive challenge in comparison with the condition in which NaF only was used. CONCLUSIONS Pre-rinse with CaL may increase the protection exerted by NaF against erosive wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia P Turssi
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anderson T Hara
- Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Flávia L B Amaral
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiana M G França
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta T Basting
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Vogel G, Tenuta L, Schumacher G, Chow L. A Calcium Prerinse Required to Form Calcium Fluoride in Plaque from a Sodium Fluoride Rinse. Caries Res 2014; 48:174-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000354047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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17
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Borges AB, Scaramucci T, Lippert F, Zero DT, Hara AT. Erosion Protection by Calcium Lactate/Sodium Fluoride Rinses under Different Salivary Flows in vitro. Caries Res 2014; 48:193-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000355611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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18
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Tschoppe P, Kielbassa A, Meyer-Lueckel H. Evaluation of the remineralising capacities of modified saliva substitutes in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:810-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Pfarrer A, Karlinsey R. Challenges of Implementing New Remineralization Technologies. Adv Dent Res 2009; 21:79-82. [DOI: 10.1177/0895937409335643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Pfarrer
- 3M ESPE Preventive Care, 3M Center Bldg. 275-2E-03, St. Paul, MN 55116, USA; and
- Indiana Nanotech, LLC, 351 West 10th Street, Suite 309, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - R.L. Karlinsey
- 3M ESPE Preventive Care, 3M Center Bldg. 275-2E-03, St. Paul, MN 55116, USA; and
- Indiana Nanotech, LLC, 351 West 10th Street, Suite 309, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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20
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Magalhães AC, Wiegand A, Rios D, Honório HM, Buzalaf MAR. Insights into preventive measures for dental erosion. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 17:75-86. [PMID: 19274390 PMCID: PMC4327581 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental erosion is defined as the loss of tooth substance by acid exposure not involving bacteria. The etiology of erosion is related to different behavioral, biological and chemical factors. Based on an overview of the current literature, this paper presents a summary of the preventive strategies relevant for patients suffering from dental erosion. Behavioral factors, such as special drinking habits, unhealthy lifestyle factors or occupational acid exposure, might modify the extent of dental erosion. Thus, preventive strategies have to include measures to reduce the frequency and duration of acid exposure as well as adequate oral hygiene measures, as it is known that eroded surfaces are more susceptible to abrasion. Biological factors, such as saliva or acquired pellicle, act protectively against erosive demineralization. Therefore, the production of saliva should be enhanced, especially in patients with hyposalivation or xerostomia. With regard to chemical factors, the modification of acidic solutions with ions, especially calcium, was shown to reduce the demineralization, but the efficacy depends on the other chemical factors, such as the type of acid. To enhance the remineralization of eroded surfaces and to prevent further progression of dental wear, high-concentrated fluoride applications are recommended. Currently, little information is available about the efficacy of other preventive strategies, such as calcium and laser application, as well as the use of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Further studies considering these factors are required. In conclusion, preventive strategies for patients suffering from erosion are mainly obtained from in vitro and in situ studies and include dietary counseling, stimulation of salivary flow, optimization of fluoride regimens, modification of erosive beverages and adequate oral hygiene measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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21
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Vogel GL, Chow LC, Carey CM. Calcium pre-rinse greatly increases overnight salivary fluoride after a 228 ppm fluoride rinse. Caries Res 2008; 42:401-4. [PMID: 18781069 DOI: 10.1159/000154786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large increases in salivary fluoride were reported 1 h after a calcium pre-rinse/NaF rinse. AIMS This study examined the persistence of these increases. METHODS 12 subjects rinsed in the evening with water, with a 228 microg/g (ppm) F rinse or with 150 mmol/l calcium lactate followed by a 228 microg/g F rinse. In a second experiment these same patients rinsed with a 912 microg/g F rinse. Saliva samples were obtained the morning after rinsing, centrifuged and the supernatants analyzed. RESULTS The Ca pre-rinse/228 microg/g F rinse induced an increase in overnight salivary F over the 912 microg/g F rinse (approximately 2.5 times) and a statistically significant increase over the 228 mug/g F rinse (approximately 5.5 times). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that a Ca pretreatment may increase the cariostatic effect of topical F agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Vogel
- American Dental Association Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8546, USA.
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22
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Vogel GL, Schumacher GE, Chow LC, Takagi S, Carey CM. Ca pre-rinse greatly increases plaque and plaque fluid F. J Dent Res 2008; 87:466-9. [PMID: 18434578 DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that a Ca pre-treatment greatly increases salivary F from a subsequent NaF rinse. This study examines if these increases are found in plaque and plaque fluid F. Thirteen individuals accumulated plaque before rinsing with: (1) 12 mmol/L NaF (228 microg/g F), (2) 150 mmol/L Ca rinse, or (3) the Ca rinse followed by the F rinse. One hr later, plaque samples were collected, the plaque fluid was recovered, and the plaque residues were extracted 5 times with pH 6.8 or pH 4.8 buffers, and then by acid. The F in each extract after the Ca rinse/F rinse greatly exceeded the corresponding F from the NaF rinse. Consequently, the Ca rinse/F rinse increased the total plaque F and the plaque fluid F by 12x and 5x, compared with the NaF rinse alone. These and the previous salivary results suggest that a Ca pre-treatment may increase the cariostatic effects of topical F agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Vogel
- American Dental Association Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, 100 Bureau Drive Stop 8546, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8546, USA.
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23
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Tschoppe P, Meyer-Lueckel H, Kielbassa A. Effect of carboxymethylcellulose-based saliva substitutes on predemineralised dentin evaluated by microradiography. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53:250-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Revised: 10/04/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Magalhães AC, Furlani TDA, Italiani FDM, Iano FG, Delbem ACB, Buzalaf MAR. Effect of calcium pre-rinse and fluoride dentifrice on remineralisation of artificially demineralised enamel and on the composition of the dental biofilm formed in situ. Arch Oral Biol 2007; 52:1155-60. [PMID: 17686453 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in situ blind crossover study investigated the effect of calcium (Ca) rinse prior to the use fluoride (F) dentifrice on remineralisation of artificially demineralised enamel and on the composition of biofilm. DESIGN During four phases of 14 days, 10 volunteers wore appliances containing two artificially demineralised bovine enamel blocks. Three times a day, they rinsed with 10 mL of Ca (150 mM) or placebo rinse (1 min). A slurry (1:3, w/v) of F (1030 ppm) or placebo dentifrice was dripped onto the blocks. During 1 min, the volunteers brushed their teeth with the respective dentifrice. The appliance was replaced into the mouth and the volunteers rinsed with water. The biofilm formed on the blocks was analysed for F and Ca. Enamel alterations were evaluated by the percentage of surface microhardness change (%SMHC), cross-sectional microhardness (% mineral volume) and alkali-soluble F analysis. Data were analysed by ANOVA (p<0.05). RESULTS The use of the Ca pre-rinse before the F dentifrice produced a six- and four-fold increase in biofilm F and Ca concentrations, respectively. For enamel, the remineralisation was significantly improved by the Ca pre-rinse when compared to the other treatments. There was a significantly higher concentration of alkali-soluble F in enamel when the F dentifrice was used, but the Ca pre-rinse did not have any significant additive effect. CONCLUSIONS According to our protocol, the Ca pre-rinse significantly increased biofilm F concentration and, regardless the use of F dentifrice, significantly enhanced the remineralisation of artificially demineralised enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193 Araçatuba-SP 16015-050, Brazil
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25
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Pessan JP, Sicca CM, de Souza TS, da Silva SMB, Whitford GM, Buzalaf MAR. Fluoride concentrations in dental plaque and saliva after the use of a fluoride dentifrice preceded by a calcium lactate rinse. Eur J Oral Sci 2006; 114:489-93. [PMID: 17184230 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plaque fluoride concentrations ([F]) are directly related to plaque calcium concentrations [Ca]. Attempts to increase plaque F uptake from dentifrices or rinses have used methods designed to increase plaque [Ca] but with inconsistent results. This double-blind, double-crossover study tested the effect of a 150 mM calcium lactate rinse used prior to brushing with placebo or fluoridated dentifrices (1030 p.p.m. as NaF) on plaque and salivary [F] and [Ca]. Sixteen children (8-10 yr of age) were randomly assigned to four different groups according to the four treatments (placebo dentifrice or fluoridated dentifrice preceded by calcium lactate or deionized water prerinses). Plaque and saliva were collected 1 and 12 h after brushing on day 7 after starting to use the dentifrices. F was determined using the electrode and Ca was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Plaque and salivary [Ca] were not significantly increased after use of the calcium lactate prerinse, except for plaque [Ca] 1 h after the use of the placebo dentifrice. A significant increase in salivary [F] was associated with the calcium lactate prerinse only at 1 h after the use of the fluoridated dentifrice. The the calcium lactate prerinse did not significantly affect plaque [F] under any condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano P Pessan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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